期末复习之阅读理解20篇（说明文）（江苏专用）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下学期期末复习（译林版）

**基本信息** 聚焦江苏期末热点，精选20篇说明文，涵盖文化、科技、环保等主题，题型全面，注重语言能力与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |文化类|平遥古城、福建土楼等5篇|细节理解、主旨大意|以传统建筑为载体，渗透文化意识，强化信息定位能力| |科技类|CR450高铁、AI应用等4篇|推理判断、词义猜测|围绕科技发展，培养逻辑分析与语境解读能力| |环保类|垃圾分类、土壤健康等5篇|数据理解、观点归纳|结合环保主题，提升信息筛选与批判性思维| |社会现象类|Z世代旅行、志愿服务等6篇|结构分析、态度推断|贴近生活实际，关联学习能力与跨文化理解|

期末复习之阅读理解20篇（说明文）（江苏专用） （期末热点话题） Visit the Ancient city of Pingyao Located in central Shanxi Province, the Ancient City of Pingyao was first built in the Western Zhou Dynasty and further expanded in the Ming Dynasty. It’s a great example of Han Chinese cities in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and is one of China’s four best-preserved old cities. Here are three must-see places in this ancient city. Built in 1823, Rishengchang Draft Bank (票号), China’s first bank-like organization, is located on West Street in the Ancient City of Pingyao. The shop kept running for over 100 years. The business had expanded to Europe, the US and many Southeast Asian countries. It is regarded as a pioneer of China’s banking history. Today, the former “bank” has become a museum where visitors can learn about China’s banking history. The ancient city walls of Pingyao are about 12 meters high and more than 6 kilometers long. In the past, these walls were built to protect the city from enemies. They are also surrounded by a 4-meter-wide and 4-meter-deep moat (护城河) just outside the walls. The ancient city walls are among the best-preserved city walls in China. If you want to take pictures from the walls, it’s best to go in the afternoon. The view of the old houses at sunset is amazing. South Street, also known as Mingqing Street, is a nationally famous historical and cultural street. At one time, more than 50% of China’s financial institutions (金融机构) were located on this street, giving it the nickname of China’s “Wall Street”. Looking south, the street keeps its traditional design. It is lined with towering houses and 78 time-honored shops. Some of the ancient buildings are over a century old. South Street not only shows China’s business history, but also represents the development of Shanxi merchants (晋商). 1．Which of the following is NOT true about Rishengchang Draft Bank? A．It was located on West Street in Pingyao Ancient City. B．It had business connections with European and American countries. C．It has been a museum where people learn banking history now. D．It was the earliest bank in the world. 2．What does the underlined word “surrounded” probably mean in Paragraph 3？ A．保护 B．围绕 C．破坏 D．连接 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．Pingyao Ancient City was only built in the Ming Dynasty. B．Rishengchang Draft Bank only did business in China. C．South Street was once the center of China’s finance. D．The city walls of Pingyao are the tallest in China. 4．Which of the following is TRUE about Pingyao Ancient City? A．It is one of China’s five best-preserved old cities. B．The ancient city walls are over 10 kilometers long. C．South Street is also known as Mingqing Street. D．The best time to take pictures on the walls is in the morning. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The history of Rishengchang Draft Bank. B．The introduction to three must-see places in Pingyao Ancient City. C．The development of Shanxi merchants. D．The beauty of the ancient city walls of Pingyao. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了平遥古城的历史地位，并详细介绍了古城内日升昌票号、古城墙、南大街三个必去景点。 1．文章第二段第一句、第三句、第五句“Rishengchang Draft Bank, China’s first bank-like organization, is located on West Street… The business had expanded to Europe, the US and many Southeast Asian countries. Today, the former ‘bank’ has become a museum…”指出，日升昌票号是中国最早的银行类机构，并非世界最早。 2．文章第三段第二句“They are also surrounded by a 4-meter-wide and 4-meter-deep moat just outside the walls.”指出，城墙外有护城河环绕，surrounded的意思是“围绕”。 3．文章第四段第二句“At one time, more than 50% of China’s financial institutions were located on this street, giving it the nickname of China’s ‘Wall Street’.”指出，南大街曾是中国的金融中心。 4．文章第四段第一句“South Street, also known as Mingqing Street, is a nationally famous historical and cultural street.”指出，南大街也被称为明清街。 5．文章第一段最后一句“Here are three must-see places in this ancient city.”指出，本文主要介绍平遥古城的三个必游景点。 More and more schools in China are starting to do garbage sorting (垃圾分类), and No.2 Middle School in Nantong is one of them. Since September 2024, the school has carried out a garbage sorting activity to teach students about environmental protection and sustainable development (可持续发展). The school has put different colored garbage bins in every classroom and on the playground. Green bins are for kitchen waste, blue for recyclable waste, red for harmful waste, and grey for other waste. The teachers teach students how to sort different kinds of garbage and why it’s important. For example, recyclable waste like paper and plastic can be made into new things, and harmful waste like batteries can pollute the earth if not sorted properly. To make the activity more interesting, the school holds a garbage sorting competition every month. Students need to sort different kinds of garbage quickly and correctly. The winning class gets a small prize, like a green plant or a book about the environment. Many students said the competition makes them remember the sorting rules better. So far, the school’s garbage sorting activity has been very successful. The amount of recyclable waste has increased by 40%, and the amount of harmful waste has been sorted correctly by over 90%. The headmaster said, “Garbage sorting is a small thing, but it’s a big step for environmental protection. We hope our students can form a good habit of sorting garbage and take the habit home to their families. In this way, more people can join in the environmental protection work.” 1．What color of garbage bin is for recyclable waste in No.2 Middle School? A．Green. B．Blue. C．Red. D．Grey. 2．What does the school do to make the garbage sorting activity more interesting? A．It puts garbage bins in every classroom. B．It teaches students the sorting rules. C．It gives students a lot of money as a prize. D．It holds a garbage sorting competition every month. 3．How much has the amount of recyclable waste increased in the school? A．By 30%. B．By 40%. C．By 90%. D．By 100%. 4．What does the headmaster hope the students can do? A．To only sort garbage at school. B．To forget the garbage sorting rules after the activity. C．To form a garbage sorting habit and take it home. D．To take part in more competitions and win prizes. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了南通第二中学自2024年9月起开展垃圾分类活动，通过设置不同颜色的垃圾桶、教授分类知识、举办月度竞赛等措施，取得了显著成效，旨在培养学生的环保习惯并带动家庭参与。 1．文章第二段指出“blue for recyclable waste”，直接说明了蓝色垃圾桶用于可回收垃圾。 2．文章第三段提及“the school holds a garbage sorting competition every month”，表明学校通过每月举办垃圾分类竞赛来增加活动趣味性。 3．文章第四段明确说明“The amount of recyclable waste has increased by 40%”，直接给出了可回收垃圾增加的比例。 4．文章第四段校长提到“We hope our students can form a good habit of sorting garbage and take the habit home to their families”，表明校长希望学生养成垃圾分类习惯并影响家庭。 The Palace Museum, one of the greatest ancient wonders of China, is using modern technology. Back in December 2015, a digital gallery (数字馆) at Duanmen opened in the Palace Museum. A film on the screen helps visitors learn about the museum in a short time. Then visitors can walk into a palace, seeing and touching many treasures through VR. They can even talk with ancient people with the help of AI. In fact, digitalization of the museum started 20 years ago. In 2001, the museum first opened websites in Chinese and English. Visitors from all over the world can see the introduction and new notices online. In February 2015, the museum offered an app  to show its collection. The app introduces one treasure every day. In 2018, the museum developed a program on WeChat. The program advises visitors on the best visiting way through the museum. During the outbreak of the COVID-19 virus, the Palace Museum also turned to the Internet. As a result, on April 5 and 6, it provided three live-streamed (直播的) tours. The three tours took different ways around the Palace Museum. Two researchers from the museum became tour guides, telling people stories about the place. What’s more, the Palace Museum has worked with Huawei to build a smart network of 5G throughout the museum. Huawei will also use AI to help with the protection of art works. 1．What does the underlined word “digitalization” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．古代化 B．数字化 C．机械化 D．商业化 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The digital gallery opened in 2001. B．The WeChat program was made in 2015. C．The live-streamed tours were held during COVID-19. D．The 5G network was built by the museum alone. 3．Put the following events in the correct order according to the passage. a. The Palace Museum opened websites in Chinese and English. b. The digital gallery at Duanmen opened. c. The museum offered an app to show its collection. d. The museum developed a WeChat program. e. The museum provided live-streamed tours. A．a→c→b→d→e B．a→b→c→d→e C．b→a→c→d→e D．b→c→a→d→e 4．What writing method is used in Paragraph 3? A．By asking questions. B．By giving examples. C．By telling stories. D．By listing time points. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The long history of the Palace Museum. B．The ways to visit the Palace Museum. C．The modern technology used in the Palace Museum. D．The cooperation between the Palace Museum and Huawei. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了故宫博物院运用的各类现代技术，包括数字馆、VR/AI体验、官网、APP、微信小程序、疫情期间的直播导览，以及与华为合作的5G智能网络等，展现了科技为故宫带来的新发展。 1．第三段首句“In fact, digitalization of the museum started 20 years ago.”后，列举了官网、APP、微信小程序等数字化相关举措，结合前文提到的“digital gallery”“VR”“AI”等技术，可直接推断该词意为“数字化”。 2．第四段明确提到“During the outbreak of the COVID-19 virus...it provided three live-streamed tours”，直接说明直播导览在疫情期间举办。 3．根据文中时间线：2001年：a. 故宫开通中英文官网；2015年2月：c. 推出展示藏品的 APP；2015年12月：b. 端门数字馆开放；2018年：d. 开发微信程序；疫情期间：e. 提供直播导览正确顺序为：a→c→b→d→e。 4．第三段以“In fact, digitalization of the museum started 20 years ago.”开篇，随后按时间顺序列举了 2001年、2015年、2018年的相关举措，采用了列举时间节点的写作手法。 5．文章首段点明主题“The Palace Museum...is using modern technology”，全文围绕故宫运用的各类现代技术展开介绍，核心主旨为故宫所使用的现代技术。 For most tourists, travel is often about visiting famous places, buying souvenirs and following fixed timetables. However, for China’s Gen Z (young people), the meaning of travel has changed. They don’t just want to enjoy sightseeing. Instead, they see travel as self-expression and a way to get special experiences. Tourist areas are now paying more attention to young travellers’ needs. Dai Bin from the China Tourism Academy says young Chinese travel to “please themselves” rather than “please others”. Their feelings matter more than famous places. They like to plan their own trips and explore more freely. Ice and snow tourism is a good example. Young people no longer only enjoy snow views. They prefer to take part in activities like ice sliding, music parties in ice parks and nightlife in disco bars. Hengdian World Studios uses movie experiences to attract young visitors. Activities like “Step into the Movies” let them learn how films are made and feel like they are in a movie. In Luoyang, Henan, immersive travel also becomes popular among young people. These new styles show that Gen Z wants more freedom, fun and special experiences when travelling. 1．What do traditional tourists usually do when travelling? A．Plan trips freely. B．Visit famous places. C．Look for special experiences. D．Travel to please themselves. 2．According to Dai Bin, what do young people care most about during travelling? A．Famous places. B．Others’ feelings. C．Their own feelings. D．Cheap souvenirs. 3．What does the word “immersive” most probably mean in the sentence “In Luoyang, Henan, immersive travel also becomes popular among young people”? A．高消费的 B．沉浸式的 C．匆忙的 D．传统的 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①/②③/④/⑤ C．①②/③/④/⑤ D．①/②③④⑤ 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】围绕中国Z世代的旅游新趋势展开讲述，这些新兴旅游方式都反映出Z世代在旅游时，更渴望获得自由、乐趣和独特的体验。 1．文章首句“For most tourists, travel is often about visiting famous places, buying souvenirs and following fixed timetables.”表明，传统游客旅行时通常会参观著名景点。 2．依据第二段“Dai Bin from the China Tourism Academy says young Chinese travel to ‘please themselves’ rather than ‘please others’. Their feelings matter more than famous places.”可知，年轻人旅行时最在意自己的感受。 3．结合文章中年轻人追求更多自由、有趣和特别体验的内容，以及“immersive travel”在年轻人中受欢迎的情况，可推测其意思是“沉浸式的”。 4．文章第一段总述中国Z世代旅行意义的变化以及旅游区对年轻旅行者需求的关注；第二、三、四、五段分别通过不同例子进行阐述，所以文章结构是总分，即①/②③④⑤。 Dating back to the Song and Yuan dynasties, Fujian Tulou is a kind of traditional Chinese rural house built by the Hakka people in the mountain areas of East China’s Fujian Province. These large, closed, and strong earth buildings were added to UNESCO’s World Heritage (遗产) List in 2008. Fujian Tulou are round or square earth buildings. Each Tulou usually has three to four floors with a big courtyard and only one main gate. The walls not only can provide protection but also make it warm in winter and cool in summer. ①Each Tulou can hold up to 800 people and act as a community. ②Fujian Tulou is an example of this. In Zhangzhou’s Nanjing County, over 15,000 Tulou buildings are kept. They attract a large number of tourists. In the Tulou area, you can always see many travellers taking videos with their phones or cameras. Local people may invite visitors to their homes for a short tour, sharing stories about the inside design of the Tulou. ③There are also shops offering visitors the chance to dress in the clothes of the local She ethnic minority (畲族) for photos. ④Usually, the ink rubbing (墨水拓片) workshop also interests lots of visitors. The leader of the workshop guides people, showing them luck and happiness in China, on a woodcut of a Tulou. After rolling the paper with golden ink, they get a beautiful picture of the Tulou, a unique souvenir (纪念品) made by their own hands that they can take home. 1．Which of the following is a Tulou? A． B． C． D． 2．What does the underlined phrase “hold up to” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．pick up B．look for C．take in D．put away 3．What can visitors do in the Tulou? a. Make a film.      b. Enjoy the view.      c. Learn about the history of the Tulou. d. Buy local clothes.      e. Get a picture of the Tulou. A．a, c, d B．b, c, d C．a, b, e D．b, c, e 4．Where can we put the sentence “China’s development has not given up traditional culture.” in the article? A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Beauty of Fujian Tulou B．Interesting Activities in Fujian C．The History of Fujian Tulou D．A Visit to Fujian Buildings 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了福建土楼的历史、建筑特点以及游客可以在土楼进行的体验活动。 1．文中第二段明确提到土楼的特征“Fujian Tulou are round or square earth buildings.”，福建土楼是圆形或方形的夯土建筑，B选项图示符合土楼的特征。 2．第二段提到“Each Tulou can hold up to 800 people and act as a community”，意思是每个土楼能容纳多达800人并作为一个社区，“hold up to”在这里表示容纳，与“take in”意思相近。 3．第四段提到“In the Tulou area, you can always see many travellers taking videos with their phones or cameras”，说明在土楼游客可以欣赏风景，b正确；原文只说游客拍视频，没有提到拍电影，a错误；第四段提到“Local people may invite visitors to their homes for a short tour, sharing stories about the inside design of the Tulou”，说明游客可以了解土楼的历史，c正确；第五段提到“After rolling the paper with golden ink, they get a beautiful picture of the Tulou, a unique souvenir (纪念品) made by their own hands that they can take home”，说明游客可以得到一张土楼的照片，e正确；文中未提及游客能买当地衣服，d错误。所以游客能做的活动是b, c, e。 4．“China’s development has not given up traditional culture.”意为“中国的发展没有放弃传统文化”，②空后句“Fujian Tulou is an example of this”（福建土楼就是这样的一个例子），正好衔接这句话：保存完好的土楼就是发展中保留传统文化的例子，因此放在②处最合适。 5．全文围绕福建土楼的建筑特点、文化价值和旅游体验展开，因此最合适的标题是“The Beauty of Fujian Tulou”。 The world’s fastest high-speed train is on the way. On 29 December, China displayed a prototype (样车) of the train. It marks a new era for the country’s high-speed trains. The newest model is called the CR450. CR stands for China Railway. The CR450 is able to run at 450 kilometres per hour in tests. When it enters service, its speed is expected to reach 400 kilometres per hour. It’s much faster than the CR400. The CR400 came out in 2017. It operates at 350 kilometres per hour The CR450 does well not just in speed. According to its developers, the train has shorter braking distances. It is also designed with greater stability. And all this helps ensure the safety of passengers In addition, the CR450 offers a quieter ride. The noise levels inside the train have been reduced. Meanwhile, cabin spaces have been increased so that passengers can enjoy more comfortable rides. “The new train has been tested across several high-speed rail lines in China. It is not yet ready for commercial use, though. Further tests are needed.” said the China State Railway Group (中国铁路总公司). “All tests are set to be finished within two years.” China is now the world leader in railway development. It has built the world’s largest railway network. The network covers almost all corners of the country. The total length of rail tracks has reached over 160,000 kilometres. More than 46,000 kilometres are high-speed rail. The aim is to have 60,000 kilometres of high-speed rail by 2030. High-speed train has been an effective means of travel for long journeys as it allows people to travel around with ease and comfort. 1．How fast can the CR450 run in tests? A．350 kilometres per hour. B．400 kilometres per hour. C．450 kilometres per hour. D．600 kilometres per hour. 2．What does the underlined word “stability” probably mean in paragraph 2 in Chinese? A．速度 B．舒适 C．移动 D．稳定 3．What can we know from the article? A．China’s high-speed rail will continue to develop and improve. B．The CR400 is the fastest train in the world. C．The CR450 will replace all other high-speed trains in China soon. D．China’s high-speed rail network will cover the whole world by 2030. 4．What is the article mainly about? A．The comparison between CR450 and CR400. B．China’s new high-speed train: CR450. C．The future of high-speed rail in China. D．The development of China’s railway network. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了中国推出的速度更快、乘坐更舒适的 CR450 新一代高速列车。该车型目前仍处于测试阶段，同时中国高铁运营规模位居世界第一，并已规划进一步发展。 1．第一段说明列车CR450的速度：“The CR450 is able to run at 450 kilometres per hour in tests.”，表明CR450测试阶段的时速是450公里。 2．第二段介绍CR450优势：“the train has shorter braking distances. It is also designed with greater stability. And all this helps ensure the safety of passengers”，说明能保障乘客安全的是更短的刹车距离和稳定性，即stability表示“稳定”。 3．最后一段介绍中国高速铁路的发展前景：“The aim is to have 60,000 kilometres of high-speed rail by 2030.”和全文，表明从研发新型CR450、扩建高铁网络、目标是到2030年建成6万公里高速铁路，说明中国高速铁路将持续发展并不断完善。 4．文章核心围绕中国新型高速列车CR450展开，介绍了它的速度、性能优势、测试情况，发展前景，因此本文主旨是介绍中国新型高铁CR450。 In our daily life, direct questions are usually used to ask for information we do not know. Direct questions are either Yes or No questions such as “Are you married?” or information questions such as “Where do you live?” It’s OK to ask your friends or someone you know well direct questions. But they can seem abrupt and impolite at times, especially when you are asking a stranger. For example, if you come up to someone and ask “What time is it?” or “Can you move?”, he or she may refuse to answer you. It is certainly correct to ask questions in this way, but it’s very common to make these kinds of questions more polite by adding “Excuse me” or “Pardon me” to begin your questions. It’s also possible to use “can” in more informal situations. In the past, “can” was not used when asking for something, but only to refer to abilities. In the United Kingdom, Cambridge University publishes books with the phrases “Can you lend me,” “Can I have”, etc. In the United States, this form is still considered to be incorrect, especially for written English, and “May I have” is preferred. Questions with “can” are made more polite by using “could”: “Pardon me, could you help me?” “Would” can also be used to make questions more polite. “Would you lend me your pencil?” is also polite. Another way of making direct questions more polite is to add “please” at the end of the questions. We can say “Could you help me, please?” “Please” should not appear at the beginning of the questions. 1．According to the passage, the writer thinks ________. A．we shouldn’t ask direct questions in daily life B．it’s OK to ask strangers direct questions C．it’s not enough to ask questions correctly D．we must know someone well before asking questions 2．From Paragraph 3, we can know ________. A．“can” was only used to describe abilities before B．people in America like using “can” better C．questions with “can” are more polite in written English D．questions with “can” are polite in the US 3．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．How to be a polite person. B．How to use some expressions correctly. C．How to make direct questions more polite. D．How to change the ways we speak. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 【导语】本文介绍了在日常交流中如何通过添加礼貌用语使直接提问显得更得体。 1．细节理解题。根据“It’s OK to ask your friends or someone you know well direct questions. But they can seem abrupt and impolite at times, especially when you are asking a stranger.”可知，作者认为仅仅正确提问是不够的，还需注意礼貌。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“In the past, ‘can’ was not used when asking for something, but only to refer to abilities.”可知，“can”过去仅用于描述能力。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了如何通过添加礼貌用语（如“Excuse me”“Could”“Would”“please”等）使直接提问更礼貌。故选C。 It appears that few young people read for fun these days in the UK. in a 2024 survey, almost one in four people aged 16-24 in the country said they didn’t read regularly. What does it mean? What kind of brain structure do good readers actually have? New research published in the journal Neuroimage studied data from more than 1,000 people. The result shows differences in two parts of the brain’s left temporal lobe (左颞叶), which sits behind the left ear. One is the lobe’s front part known as the temporal pole (颞极) that helps connect and sort different information. For example, to understand the word “leg”, this brain region links how legs look, feel, and move. In people who read well, the left temporal pole is thinner than the right. The other is the Heschl’s gyrus (赫氏回). There lies the auditory cortex (听觉皮层) that processes (处理) sounds. Reading is not only mainly a visual skill. To match letters with speech sounds, we first need to notice the sounds of the spoken language. This phonological awareness (语音意识) has been known to make children’s reading development possible. A thinner Heschl’s gyrus has been related to dyslexia, which makes reading very difficult. However, the difference in thickness isn’t just about dyslexia. It is also true that having a thicker auditory cortex is related to being better at reading. Clearly, the structure of the brain can tell us a lot about reading skills. But it’s important to know that the brain changes when we learn something new or practice a skill we have had. For example, for young adults who studied languages a lot, the thickness of brain areas related to language increased. Similarly, reading is likely to shape the structure of the left Heschl’s gyrus. It’s necessary to consider what might happen to us if less attention is paid to reading. In other words, that cozy moment with a book in your armchair may not just be personal. 1．What do we know about the study published in Neuroimage? A．It studied people aged 16-24 in the UK. B．It studied people with reading problems. C．It studied the ear structure of people who read. D．It studied the brains of a large number of people. 2．What does the temporal pole do in the brain? A．It links different body parts. B．It connects and sorts information C．It helps analyze words. D．It supports visual processing. 3．Why is the auditory cortex considered important for reading? A．It builds awareness of speech sounds. B．It controls how fast we read words. C．It supports building reading habits. D．It helps turn letters into images. 4．According to the study, what kind of structure may be found in a good reader’s brain? A．A thinner left temporal pole and a thicker auditory cortex. B．A thinner left temporal pole and a thinner auditory cortex. C．A thicker left temporal pole and a thicker auditory cortex. D．A thicker left temporal pole and a thinner auditory cortex. 5．Which of the following ideas does the result of the study support? A．Less attention should be paid to skills like reading B．The structure of the brain decides reading skills. C．Reading can change some parts of the brain. D．Language learning strengthens the brain. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了一项研究，指出大脑结构与阅读能力有关，阅读可能改变大脑结构，强调忽视阅读的潜在影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“New research published in the journal Neuroimage studied data from more than 1,000 people.”可知，发表在《神经图像》杂志上的这项研究研究了大量人的大脑，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“One is the lobe’s front part known as the temporal pole (颞极) that helps connect and sort different information.”可知，颞极的作用是连接和分类不同的信息，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“To match letters with speech sounds, we first need to notice the sounds of the spoken language. This phonological awareness (语音意识) has been known to make children’s reading development possible.”可知，听觉皮层对阅读很重要是因为它建立了对语音的意识，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“In people who read well, the left temporal pole is thinner than the right. ”以及“having a thicker auditory cortex is related to being better at reading.”可知，一个阅读能力好的人的大脑结构可能是左颞极更薄，听觉皮层更厚，故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“Similarly, reading is likely to shape the structure of the left Heschl’s gyrus.”可知，阅读可以改变大脑的一些部分，故选C。 AI is shaking up the world now. It has been widely used in many different fields. AI in Communication Chatbots (聊天机器人), a kind of AI-driven tool, have become a necessary part of modern communication. They can understand and reply to users at once. Whether it’s on websites or mobile apps, chatbots can offer support in real time. Besides, AI users can control smart home tools through voice orders. AI is reshaping (重塑) the way we communicate in our daily lives. AI in Transportation AI makes a big difference to traffic. For example, some ride-sharing platforms (拼车平台) depend heavily on AI. They use AI to match passengers with drivers and provide better transportation services. And self-driving cars are a main example of AI’s use in transportation, too. With the help of AI, they can reduce accidents and help those unable to drive. AI in Education AI provides a smart way to education. It changes the way teachers teach and students learn. AI in classrooms can make teaching and learning more interesting, which helps students focus more on their studies. AI can also offer students support outside classrooms. For example, it can help with homework, answer questions, and provide explanations. By analyzing (分析) students’advantages, weaknesses and learning needs, AI can make suitable study plans for them. This can help students achieve their learning goals easier. All in all, AI is shaping and will continue to shape our everyday experiences. 1．How do the AI users control smart home tools? A．Through mobile phone. B．Through internet. C．Through website. D．Through voice orders. 2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．Research on AI in transportation. B．Suggestions on AI in transportation. C．Problems of AI in transportation. D．Advantages of AI in transportation. 3．What does the underlined word “suitable” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．New. B．Proper (合适的). C．Simple. D．Different. 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①②③④/⑤ D．①/②/③④⑤ 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了AI 在通信聊天机器人、语音控制智能家居、交通拼车平台、自动驾驶、教育领域改变教学模式、定制学习计划领域应用，展现其对生活的辅助作用。 1．细节理解题。根据“Besides, AI users can control smart home tools through voice orders.”可知，人工智能用户通过语音指令控制智能家庭工具。故填D。 2．主旨大意题。根据“AI makes a big difference to traffic. For example...AI’s use in transportation, too. With the help of AI, they can reduce accidents and help those unable to drive.”可知，第三段主要讲人工智能在交通领域的优势。故填D。 3．词义猜测题。根据“By analyzing (分析) students’ advantages, weaknesses and learning needs, AI can make suitable study plans for them.”可知，通过分析学生的优缺点和学习需求，人工智能能制定合适的学习计划，“suitable”意思是“合适的”。故填B。 4．篇章结构题。第一段总述人工智能在很多领域广泛应用；第二、三、四段分别讲人工智能在通信、交通、教育领域的应用；第五段总结人工智能塑造并将继续塑造我们的日常体验。结构是①/②③④/⑤。故填B。 Scientists have found a new way to study the health of soil—by listening to it. They think their way could help people monitor (监测) and improve soil around the world. All living things — animals, insects, and even plants — make sounds, and by listening we can study those noises. The way has been used to watch bats, birds and sea animals. Scientists in Australia wanted to see if they could use listening to check how healthy soil was. Soil can be filled with many living things, and the greater the variety (多样性) of living things, the healthier the soil. For example, animals without backbones like ants and worms help nutrients (营养) and water pass through soil. However, the change of the environment and human activities have reduced the variety of living things in soil. “It’s very important to monitor the variety of living things in soil,” Robinson said. For the study, the scientists first put special microphones (麦克风) into the soil and then moved away and stood silently. Next, they collected many hours of recordings from the Mount Bold area of Australia. Finally, they took some to check soil health. The recordings showed the different sounds living things make underground. The study found that more different kinds of sounds suggested healthier soil. It also showed that listening is a good way to test soil health. It costs less and causes less loss than other ways, such as digging up soil and testing it. In the future, Robinson said, “Everyone can just buy their own little microphone and hear the sounds of soil.” 1．What did scientists in Australia want to use listening for? A．Checking the health of soil. B．Studying living things’ noises. C．Watching some living things. D．Making some animals’ sounds. 2．What can we learn about ants and worms from Paragraph 3? A．It’s necessary to monitor them. B．It’s natural for them to live in soil. C．They are helpful to the health of soil. D．They add to the variety of living things. 3．Paragraph 4 mainly talks about the study’s ________. A．steps B．tools C．result D．purpose 4．According to Robinson, what’s the future of listening to soil like? A．It will be used in other fields. B．It can be used by more people. C．It can dig up life underground. D．It will bring more living things. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家通过聆听土壤中的声音来监测和评估土壤健康的新方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“Scientists in Australia wanted to see if they could use listening to check how healthy soil was.”可知科学家们想通过聆听来检查土壤的健康状况。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“animals without backbones like ants and worms help nutrients (营养) and water pass through soil”可知像蚂蚁和蠕虫这样的无脊椎动物有助于营养和水通过土壤，即它们对土壤的健康有帮助。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。根据“For the study, the scientists first put special microphones (麦克风) into the soil and then moved away and stood silently...”可知第四段主要描述了科学家进行研究的具体步骤。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“Everyone can just buy their own little microphone and hear the sounds of soil.”可知未来每个人都可以买自己的小麦克风来听土壤的声音，即听土壤这种方式可以被更多人使用。故选B。 ①Classics are the treasure of the literary (文学) world. For years, people have read them to learn more. As mobile phones become a part of our life, more people are using them to read books. But is this really the best way to learn? ②According to a 2023 report given by the Chinese short-video platform Douyin, the views for book-related (相关的) videos jumped by 65.17% year-on-year. ③“There are some classics that I am not interested in but asked to read,” said 14-year-old He Liyan from Jiangsu. “So I usually watch a video about the book to find some interesting stories which can keep me reading.” ④Some people also find classic books really long and hard to understand, so they go to vloggers’ (视频博主) instructions. ⑤“The vloggers also add their own opinions to the instructions, making the book easier to understand,” added He. ⑥A Dream of Red Mansions (《红楼梦》) is famous for showing Chinese society with interesting characters and a special writing style. It talks about family, society and human nature. These things can be fun to watch but boring and difficult to read. ⑦“There are so many characters in the novel, and which I can’t understand exactly,” said 12-year-old Shao Xinyan from Hubei. “The mind maps shown in the videos help me understand who they are more clearly.” ⑧For Zhang Boren, a 13-year-old from Beijing, reading is a journey about thinking as you read, not just learning information. “Books can let me think freely. Although videos can help a lot, they can’t show every part of a well-made story,” he said. ⑨Eighteen-year-old Wang Hongjie from Sichuan agreed, saying, “It may lower readers’ ability to read by themselves and think deeply.” ⑩But in today’s world, where we can find information so easily on the internet, some people think that reading paper books is old-fashioned. However, it is still important, especially in school. Students should read more and click less. 1．In Paragraph ②, the writer tells us more people watch book- related videos with ______. A．clear numbers B．real examples C．nice pictures D．fun stories 2．Book-related videos are easier to understand because the vloggers ______. ①design mind maps ②show details of a book ③give interesting stories ④add opinions and instructions A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④ 3．The following sentence can be best put at the end of ______. While reading with videos helps many people, some express different opinions and worries. A．Paragraph ⑤ B．Paragraph ⑥ C．Paragraph ⑦ D．Paragraph ⑧ 4．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce all kinds of book- related videos. B．To tell readers to think deeply by themselves. C．To show viewing book- related videos is popular. D．To express reading through short videos is wrong. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文探讨经典文学阅读方式，介绍当下人们通过短视频平台观看书籍相关视频的现象，呈现不同青少年对“视频辅助阅读经典”的看法，最后强调纸质阅读的重要性，呼吁学生多阅读、少点击。 1．细节理解题。根据“According to a 2023 report ... views for book-related (相关的) videos jumped by 65.17% year-on-year.”可知，用具体数据65.17%得知。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“find some interesting stories which can keep me reading”可知，给有趣故事；“go to vloggers’ (视频博主) instructions”可知，给讲解；“add their own opinions to the instructions”可知，添加观点；“mind maps shown in the videos help me understand”可知，设计思维导图。故选D。 3．推理判断题。该句是过渡，前讲视频帮助，后讲不同观点。通读全文可知，⑦段讲视频帮助（思维导图理解人物），⑧⑨段讲不同观点（如张博仁、王洪杰认为视频无法展现故事全貌、降低深度思考力），因此适合放⑦段末尾。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读原文可知，通过呈现视频辅助阅读的利弊，呼吁读者自主深度思考。故选B。 Chris used to work in a hospital, but now this French doctor works in the office of MSF. However, Chris’ job can be very exciting and dangerous. Chris works for MSF, an organization also known as Doctors Without Borders (国界). Since 1971, MSF has sent trained (培训过的) doctors all over the world to help people from disasters, such as wars and illnesses. Chris is a doctor from France who has traveled to many places to organize programs that help people. At the moment, over 27,000 trained doctors have taken part in MSF projects. The organization received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1999. All kinds of doctors can volunteer for MSF. They need to be ready to go almost anywhere in the world and, of course, they should face difficulties. Most of MSF’s work is in Africa. When MSF chooses a doctor for a task, they have to go for at least six months. When doctors have finished a few tasks, they might finish an emergency (紧急的) task following a disaster, such as an earthquake. But why would doctors leave a comfortable life and a good pay to join MSF? According to Chris, the experience they have is a great help in their life. What’s more, they need to keep an open mind and learn to get on well with the people they meet. One thing that they can say at the end of any task is that they have made a real difference to people’s lives. 1．The work of the doctors in MSF is ________. A．tiring and boring B．peaceful and comfortable C．happy and relaxing D．exciting and dangerous 2．As a volunteer doctor for MSF, he or she ________. A．worked as a doctor for about six months in the past B．is ready to work for a task anywhere for half a year C．has to finish an emergency task after a disaster in Africa D．will travel to many places to find more doctors to join in 3．Many doctors like to join MSF because they can ________. A．get a good pay B．have a comfortable life C．help others and get experience D．travel abroad with their families 4．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Chris is a doctor who has organized programs to help people. B．MSF received the Nobel Peace Prize for helping poor countries. C．MSF offers medical help to people who get ill or hurt in disasters. D．How do volunteer doctors get on well with the people they meet? 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了Chris在MSF的工作，以及MSF如何帮助世界各地的人们。 1．细节理解题。根据“However, Chris’ job can be very exciting and dangerous.”可知，Chris工作既令人兴奋又是危险的。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“When MSF chooses a doctor for a task, they have to go for at least six months.”可知，当MSF为一项任务选择一名医生时，他们至少要待上6个月。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“According to Chris, the experience they have is a great help in their life. What’s more, they need to keep an open mind and learn to get on well with the people they meet. One thing that they can say at the end of any task is that they have made a real difference to people’s lives.”可知，他们能帮助他人同时也获得了经验。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了Chris在MSF的工作，以及MSF如何帮助世界各地的人们。故选C。 Everyone may feel angry at any time. It’s a common feeling. Some people cry when they feel angry and some may shout. Unluckily, many of us have been used to hiding anger. A study suggests that this can have long-term bad influences on our health. Is it better to cry or break things whenever something makes us angry? The study points out that when we show our anger in this way, we can’t probably get on well with our friends or our family. The more time we keep being angry, the worse result we’ll get. So how can we deal with our feeling of anger in a right way? First, know what anger is. Anger is often caused by feelings of being too afraid, disappointment (失望) and so on. Also, care more about those everyday things that will make us angry. For example, we may get angry in a long line at the store. Take a step back and think that it isn’t personal. Everyone in the line has dinner to make, just like us. Then we’ll feel better. Another way of dealing with anger is to talk about it. The study has shown that if we name our feelings, we can slowly calm ourselves down. Besides, take a deep breath or find helpful exercise to do. Exercise helps deal with anger. Remember that how we act when we are angry can make things better or worse. If we learn to deal with anger, we will be happier and healthier. 1．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 2? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By giving an example. D．By using an old saying. 2．Which picture can show the relationship between anger and time? (x=the time you keep angry, y=the bad influences it will have) A． B． C． D． 3．Which can help deal with the feeling of anger according to the text? a. Taking some exercise.    b. Eating delicious food.    c. Talking about anger.    d. Taking a deep breath. A．abc. B．abd. C．acd. D．bcd. 4．What is the most suitable structure of the text? (P=Paragraph) A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．What Makes You Angry? B．Why Are You Angry? C．When to Deal with Anger? D．How to Deal with Anger? 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述愤怒是常见情绪，以及如何正确处理愤怒情绪。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Is it better to cry or break things whenever something makes us angry?”可知，作者通过提出问题引入话题。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第2段“The more time we keep being angry, the worse result we’ll get.”可知，即生气时间（x）越长，不良影响（y）越大，A 图符合此关系。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“Another way of dealing with anger is to talk about it.”、第5段“Besides, take a deep breath or find helpful exercise to do.”可知，“锻炼”、“谈论愤怒”、“深呼吸”能应对愤怒，“吃美食”未提及。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。文章第1段引出愤怒话题，第2段提出如何正确处理愤怒的问题，第3-5段讲处理愤怒的方法，第6段总结处理愤怒的重要性。结构为“总-分-总”，与 A 图结构一致。故选A。 5．最佳标题。文章主要围绕如何处理愤怒情绪展开，“How to Deal with Anger?”符合文意。故选D。 Please turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand when you cough (咳嗽) or sneeze (打喷嚏). Afterwards, you should say, “Excuse me.” This is a rule I set for my students. It is so simple, but many kids have never been told to do this. In fact, I notice adults cough and sneeze in public without putting a hand over the mouth. I hate travelling by underground in New York during cold and flu season, because it is certain that someone is going to stand right behind me and cough or sneeze on my neck. One important thing I point out to the kids is that after they sneeze or cough on their hand, they should wash their hands as soon as possible. Otherwise, they will be passing those germs (病菌) along to everything and everyone they touch. In order to help the kids remember this rule, I tell them about an old story. It says that when you sneeze, evil spirits (邪恶幽灵) jump into your body. If you don’t cover your mouth, the spirits will enter, but if you cover your mouth, you will keep them out. We say “God bless you” when someone sneezes, and in Germany you should say “Gesundheit”. That means “Good health to you.” Both expressions are said just in case you didn’t cover your mouth in time and the spirits were able to enter your body. The kids love finding out the origins (起源) of these expressions and it encourages them to put the advice to use more often. 1．After coughing or sneezing on their hand, students are advised to ________. A．go home and have a good rest B．go to see a doctor as soon as possible C．wash their hands as soon as possible D．say “God bless you” 2．What does the underlined word ‘this’ mean? A．Cover your mouth when coughing or sneezing and say sorry. B．Don’t cough or sneeze in front of people. C．Many people cough or sneeze on the underground train. D．Don’t stand beside someone who coughs or sneezes. 3．From the passage we can know the writer of this article must be ________. A．a doctor B．an officer C．a reporter D．a teacher 4．According to the article, the writer would like the kids ________. A．to be in better health B．to have good manners C．to do well in exams D．to be polite to adults 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者为学生制定的关于咳嗽或打喷嚏时的礼仪规则，包括转头、用手遮住嘴、之后说“抱歉”以及洗手等，还通过一个古老故事帮助学生记住这些规则。 1．细节理解题。根据“One important thing I point out to the kids is that after they sneeze or cough on their hand, they should wash their hands as soon as possible.”可知，学生用手咳嗽或打喷嚏后，应尽快洗手，故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Please turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand when you cough (咳嗽) or sneeze (打喷嚏). Afterwards, you should say, ‘Excuse me.’ This is a rule I set for my students. It is so simple, but many kids have never been told to do this.”可知，“this”指的是咳嗽或打喷嚏时转头并用手遮住嘴，之后说“抱歉”，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“This is a rule I set for my students.”可知，作者是一名老师，故选D。 4．观点态度题。通读全文，作者制定的规则以及讲述的故事，都是为了让孩子们养成良好的礼仪习惯，故选B。 Can a machine think? Can a computer answer questions in a human-like way? How can you tell if you are talking to a computer? New computer programs called language models have been very good at copying people. These artificial intelligence (AI) programs analyze (分析) millions of sentences from books and websites to learn hidden patterns in language. It’s exciting to see AI making realistic sentences. But there are also problems with AI-made texts. People have used AI-made texts to cheat on tests. We wanted to learn more about AI. So we called up 4,600 participants (参与者) for a study. We told the participants that they were using a website where some people wrote their own biographies (传记), and some people used AI to write theirs. Each participant rated (评分) 16 texts, half of which were AI-made. They then rated each text on a 5-point scale (评分等级) from “definitely (确定) AI” to “definitely human”. The participants were largely unable to tell whether they were people-made or AI-made. Their answers were wrong about 49% of the time. We found that people were following a few rules of thumb (经验规则). When people saw a meaningless or repetitive (重复的) text, they were more likely to say it came from AI. Truly, an AI text was more likely to have these qualities. But some rules of thumb gave wrong answers! People thought bad grammar and unusual word choices appeared in an AI text, but they were actually more likely to come from human-made text. And when people saw contractions (like “don’t” or “won’t”), they thought it was a sign of a human writer, but actually, AI was more likely to use such words. These are often wrong, which means that people are likely to be cheated. A person sends emails to people pretending (假装) to be someone you believe in. The email might say, “Hi, I work for your bank! You need to log in and fix something in your account.” With AI, the person could make different emails to try to pretend one that’s very believable. There is a lot of useful information online, and a lot of fun things, too. But there are also a lot of ways to get in trouble. We can never know who is on the other side when talking to someone on the Internet—it may not even be a human! That’s why it’s important not to just rely on (依赖) your feeling, but check the website URL and author information. If something seems strange, tell your parents or a responsible adult about it! 1．The researchers did the study to find out ________. A．who can write biographies faster, human or AI B．whether AI can answer questions in a human-like way C．which biographies were better, the human-made or the AI-made D．whether we can tell the human-made biographies from the AI-made 2．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Answers. B．Websites. C．Biographies. D．Participants. 3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Engineers are developing AI’s copying skills. B．The participants use a website to write their biographies. C．There are more wrong sentence structures in AI-made texts. D．AI-made texts are likely to choose the same words to express. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing the passage? A．To compare (比较) AI’s writing with humans’. B．To study the reasons of the popularity of AI use. C．To improve our judgment (判断) online in the age of AI. D．To discuss the main characteristics (特征) of AI-made writing. 5．From the passage, we can infer (推断) that ________. A．AI language models will replace human writers in the future B．people are becoming more and more skilled at using AI C．AI-made texts are completely the same as human-made ones D．being careful is necessary when dealing with online information 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了人工智能生成的文本与人类写作的区别，以及人们如何辨别人工智能文本的挑战，并提醒读者在网络时代需谨慎判断信息。 1．细节理解题。根据“We told the participants that they were using a website where some people wrote their own biographies (传记), and some people used AI to write theirs.”可知，此处指让参与者判断文本是人写的还是人工智能生成的，即研究目的是辨别人类与人工智能生成的传记。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“We told the participants that they were using a website where some people wrote their own biographies (传记), and some people used AI to write theirs.”可知，此研究是让参与者区分人写的传记和人工智能写的传记，然而参与者基本上无法判断传记文本是人为制造的还是人工智能制造的。“they”指代前文提到的“biographies”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“When people saw a meaningless or repetitive (重复的) text, they were more likely to say it came from AI. Truly, an AI text was more likely to have these qualities.”可知，人工智能文本更可能重复用词，即人工智能文本很可能会选择相同的单词来表达。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“We can never know who is on the other side when talking to someone on the Internet—it may not even be a human! That’s why it’s important not to just rely on (依赖) your feeling, but check the website URL and author information. If something seems strange, tell your parents or a responsible adult about it!”可知，作者强调需谨慎判断网络信息，即作者的目的是提升读者在人工智能时代的判断力。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“We can never know who is on the other side when talking to someone on the Internet—it may not even be a human!”和“If something seems strange, tell your parents or a responsible adult about it!”可知，当我们在网上与某人交谈时，我们永远不知道对方是谁，因此处理网络信息时必须保持警惕。故选D。 In the science fiction film Dune, people on a desert planet wear specially designed suits. These suits collect sweat (汗水) and urine (尿液) and turn them into clean drinking water. This may sound like magic, but some places in the real world are recycling wastewater in similar ways. Astronauts in space depend on recycled water, too. But what about us? “We don’t live in space or on a desert planet,” you might say. “Why would we ever need to turn our sweat and urine into drinking water? That is yucky (恶心的)!” Well, we might not start by recycling wastewater for drinking. But we can recycle it for other uses. Let’s think about flushing toilets, for example. Every day, lots of clean fresh water are used to flush away human waste. This doesn’t seem like the wisest use of our limited fresh water, does it? They are looking for smarter ways to use water. I recently visited Jenfelder Au, a new neighborhood, with a wastewater reuse system. This new system separates wastewater into three streams: Rainwater is collected to water the gardens. “Gray water” from kitchen and bathroom sinks is used to flush toilets. And “black water” from toilets is sent to a local treatment plant to be turned into biogas (沼气). The system reduces water use by 30 percent and produces electricity for hundreds of homes. Perhaps all new neighborhoods around the world could follow Jenfelder Au’s example. There will be big challenges—it’s hard and expensive to replace their old pipes and systems. Still, Dr. Upmanu Lall, a water treatment scientist, is hopeful. “We can think of the example of lights. Now most homes and cities have updated (更新) to LED,” he said. “We update our homes and cities every 10 to 15 years. We believe people try new water technologies in the same way. Over time, more and more people will start using water wisely. More and more water will be saved.” 1．What does the underlined “That” refer to in paragraph 2? A．Collecting sweat and urine. B．Recycling wastewater. C．Living on a desert planet or in space. D．Drinking recycled water. 2．In Jenfelder Au, what is “gray water” reused for? A．Flushing toilets. B．Producing electricity. C．Producing biogas. D．Watering gardens. 3．Which sentence can be put in the empty box in paragraph 4? A．Scientists have found some new ways. B．We have all learnt to use water wisely. C．Some people are already working on it. D．People think they have enough fresh water 4．Why does Dr. Upmanu Lall take the example of lights? A．To introduce how new water technologies work. B．To prove new water technologies have lots of problems. C．To explain how often new water technologies need to update. D．To show he is confident of the future of new water technologies. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了水资源回收利用的相关内容，介绍了一些地区和社区在废水再利用方面的尝试，以及对未来水资源管理的展望。 1．词句猜测题。根据“Why would we ever need to turn our sweat and urine into drinking water?”可知，此处的that代指的是从汗液和尿液转化循环过来的水。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“‘Gray water’ from kitchen and bathroom sinks is used to flush toilets.”可知，厨房和浴室水槽中的“灰水”被用来冲厕所。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据前文“This doesn’t seem like the wisest use of our limited fresh water, does it?”及后面“They are looking for smarter ways to use water.”可推知，此处与寻找更明智的做法来节水有关。选项C“有人已经在此方面努力了。”符合语境。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“We believe people try new water technologies in the same way. Over time, more and more people will start using water wisely. More and more water will be saved.”可知，此处是指他相信通过尝试新的节水技术，越来越多的水能被节省下来。故选D。 ①Have you ever noticed you feel better and happier after helping someone else? Volunteering isn’t just great for the people you support, it can boost your well-being too. Volunteers’ Week takes place every year from 1 to 7 June and is a good opportunity to find out how helping others makes you feel better. ②What is volunteering? Volunteering means giving your time, energy or skills without expecting anything in return. Millions of people around the country volunteer every year, and there are lots of ways you can join them, including raising money for charity, helping in your local community garden or park; or even carrying a neighbour’s shopping home. The theme for this year’s Volunteers’ Week is Celebrate and Inspire, which highlights all the different people who take part in volunteering and the many ways they do it. ③How is volunteering good for me? According to Susan Albers, a psychologist (an expert in thoughts and feelings), volunteering has been shown to reduce stress and make you feel better about your life. This is because being kind and doing things for other people activates the reward part of the brain and releases feel-good chemicals like dopamine and serotonin (多巴胺和血清素). ________, such as feeling part of a community, making friends and learning skills. ④How can I become a volunteer? There are lots of ways you can volunteer. Albers recommends finding something that is meaningful to you. If you love sport, then ask if your club needs help teaching younger players. If you’re passionate about protecting the environment, organize a litter pick or beach clean. You could also ask at your local library, community centre or school for volunteering opportunities. Make sure you check with a parent or carer before you start, and see if friends or family want to join in. Albers says involving family or friends can be “a great way to boost your mental health. It’s free. It’s an activity that everyone can do. It doesn’t require a lot of skills or time”. 1．Which of the following shows an example of volunteering? ①Daniel helps sort books, reshelve books, and guide readers at the local library. ②Simon sells handicrafts to raise enough money and buy his mother a birthday present. ③Suzy becomes a member of the school club and learns more about different manners. ④Mike and his friends help with sorting garbage and cleaning public areas at the community. A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④ 2．Which of the following sentence can be put in the blank in paragraph ③? A．There are different ways of volunteering B．Volunteering has many other advantages too C．On the other hand, there may be some disadvantages too D．You should pay attention to many things when volunteering 3．Which picture best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了志愿服务的好处以及如何参与志愿服务。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Volunteering means giving your time, energy or skills without expecting anything in return.”可知，志愿服务是指无偿付出时间、精力或技能的行为。由此推知，丹尼尔在当地图书馆帮助分类书籍，重新上架书籍，并引导读者以及迈克和他的朋友在社区帮助分类垃圾和打扫公共区域都属于志愿服务。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“volunteering has been shown to reduce stress and make you feel better about your life...such as feeling part of a community, making friends and learning skills.”可知，空处之前提到志愿服务可以减轻压力，让人对生活感觉更好；空处之后列举了志愿服务的其他好处，因此，选项B“志愿服务还有许多其他好处”符合语境。故选B。 3．篇章结构题。第一段通过提问引出志愿服务的话题，并介绍了志愿周的时间和意义；第二段解释了志愿服务的定义和今年志愿周的主题；第三段阐述了志愿服务对个人的好处；第四段提供了成为志愿者的方法和建议。故选D。 In small villages, people often say hello to their neighbors in stores, on the streets, or outside their homes. But in cities, many people don’t greet their neighbors, even when they are standing in line at a supermarket. A recent study shows that greeting neighbors, especially up to six people a day, is really good for you. The study has found that greeting others can make you happier. The magic number is six. When you greet up to six people, your happiness score goes up. After that, the score shows no further rise. The study was carried out last year and got replies from more than 4, 000 people. It tested people’s social happiness, physical happiness, community happiness and more. People who greeted six neighbors had a much higher happiness score than those who didn’t greet anyone. You might think that saying hello is only about social happiness, but that’s not true. Regular (经常的) greetings also improve your physical and community happiness. ▲ If you feel your community is safe, it’s more possible for you to talk to people. Walking around your neighborhood can make you feel better physically. Dan Witters, the leader of the study, said, “we don’t mean that you should know the person well. Just stop and talk to them. The more people you greet, the more chances you have to start a conversation.” Remember, saying hello regularly is a good way to improve your own happiness. 1．How does the writer lead into the topic? A．By telling a story. B．By explaining the reason. C．By asking a question. D．By introducing different actions. 2．Which of the following shows the change in happiness score after people greet neighbors? A． B． C． D． 3．Which sentence can be put in ▲ ? A．That’s because all of these are joined together. B．It’s best to greet your neighbors in the morning. C．Different neighbors can greet you in different ways. D．The reason is they have nothing to do with each other. 4．What can we learn from Dan Witters’ words? A．The more people you know, the happier you are. B．Saying hello may help people start a conversation. C．Nothing improves happiness more than conversations. D．Knowing people is more important than greeting them. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The differences between village life and city life. B．The importance of knowing neighbors well in cities. C．The good points of greeting neighbors in our daily life. D．The useful way to help people get to know neighbours. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了打招呼对提升幸福感的积极影响。 1．推理判断题。根据“In small villages...But in cities...”可知，作者通过对比乡村和城市的不同行为引入话题。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“When you greet up to six people, your happiness score goes up. After that, the score shows no further rise.”可知，当你向最多六个人问候时，幸福指数会上升；超过这个数量后，指数便不再继续增长。由此可知图片应显示先升后平的曲线。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“You might think that saying hello is only about social happiness, but that’s not true. Regular (经常的) greetings also improve your physical and community happiness.”可知，打招呼不仅能提升社交愉悦感，还能促进身心健康，更能提升社区幸福感，由此可知一方面提升，另外两方面也跟着提升，说明它们三者是联动的，选项A“这是因为所有这些都是连在一起的。”符合语境。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“The more people you greet, the more chances you have to start a conversation.”可知，你问候的人越多，你就越有机会开始交谈。由此可知打招呼可以帮助人们开始对话。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了打招呼对提升幸福感的积极影响。故选C。 Have you ever heard of upcycling? It is a way of turning old or unnecessary things into something useful and often beautiful. Is it the same as recycling? Recycling usually takes old things, like paper and glass, and breaks them down to make a new product (产品). When you upcycle an item, you are probably doing something different. You can just refashion it. For example, you might make a bag out of an old T-shirt. Also, the upcycled item is usually of the same, or even better quality. Upcycling isn’t a new idea. Some of the best examples of modern-day upcycling come from the old times. In those days, things were repurposed over and over until they were not useful any more. Upcycling is a way of life. Things shouldn’t be just thrown away when they can-be saved and turned into something useful. It’s clear that upcycling is greener. Upcycling only needs your own ideas and work, but recycling needs energy or water to break down things. Grace, a young woman from the UK, takes used tea bags and turns them into dresses, shoes and even hats. Every day she drinks some tea, then dries out the tea bags with the tea still in them. When they’re dry, she takes the tea out and puts the bags together to make an item of clothing. This can take a long time, but Grace has made lots of artworks. Making items from old things or buying upcycled products? Both are great for the environment and give you cool and useful things. Give it a try! 1．What does the underlined word “refashion” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Recycling useless things. B．Reusing things directly. C．Repairing broken things. D．Repurposing for a new use. 2．How is upcycling different from recycling? A．Upcycling is a greener way of life. B．Upcycling is more useful. C．Upcycling needs more energy. D．Upcycling is new to the world. 3．How did people in the past use things? A．They used things once, then threw them away. B．They reused things until they were useless. C．They only used expensive things. D．They always bought new things. 4．What can we learn from Grace’s story about upcycling? A．Only skilled people can do it. B．It needs new ideas and takes time. C．It is simpler than recycling. D．It needs some special tools. 5．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To tell people the past and future of upcycling. B．To introduce the history of upcycling. C．To spread the habit of upcycling in the daily life. D．To make people know the importance of recycling. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了升级改造的概念、历史、环保优势，并举例说明。 1．词句猜测题。根据“You can just refashion it. For example, you might make a bag out of an old T-shirt.”可知，升级改造是直接改造物品用途，如将旧T恤改造成包，因此划线词指的是“为新的用途而重新利用”。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Upcycling only needs your own ideas and work, but recycling needs energy or water to break down things.”可知，升级改造仅需创意和手工，而回收需消耗能源或者水来分解物品，因此升级回收是一种更环保的生活方式。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“In those days, things were repurposed over and over until they were not useful any more.”可知，过去人们会将物品反复改造直至完全无用，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Every day she drinks some tea, then dries out the tea bags with the tea still in them…This can take a long time, but Grace has made lots of artworks.”可知，Grace每天收集茶包并干燥，耗时但成果丰富，“需创意且耗时”准确概括了其核心特点。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了升级改造的概念、历史、环保优势，并举例说明，最终呼吁人们“尝试升级改造”，选项C“推广该生活习惯”是核心目的。故选C。 A new study has found that light pollution is making the night sky brighter and the stars dimmer (暗淡). The study examined data (数据) from more than 50,000 star watchers across the world. It found that man-made lighting is making the night sky about 10 percent brighter each year. Data for the study was collected from 2011 to 2022. The research findings recently were written in a book. The result was a much faster rate of change than scientists had guessed in the past. “We are losing, year by year, the chance to see the stars,” said Fabio Falchi. He is a physicist at the University of Santiago de Compostela in Spain. He was not a researcher in the study. “If you can still see the dimmest stars, you are in a very dark place.” Falchl said. “But if you see only the brightest ones, you are in a very light-polluted place.” As cities expand (扩大) and put up more lights, a “sky glow” is created in the sky. “Sky glow” is a word scientists use to describe light that becomes more intense (强烈的). The research team gave an example to make the result clear. If a child is born where 250 stars can be seen on a clear night, by the time that child turns 18, only 100 stars will be seen. Light pollution influences (影响) more than our view of the heavens. Research shows that lots of nighttime light can harm wildlife. 1．What kind of pollution is the passage talking about? A．Waste pollution. B．Land pollution. C．Noise pollution. D．Light pollution. 2．How long was data for the study collected? A．For about eight years. B．For about ten years. C．For about twelve years. D．For about fourteen years. 3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．The study examined data from over 50,000 star watchers across the world. B．The research findings recently were written in a book. C．Fablo Falchi thinks we are losing chances to see the stars year by year. D．If you can see only the brightest stars, you are in a very dark place. 4．The passage wants to tell us that ________. A．light pollution is bad for the environment. B．man-made lighting is making the night sky more beautiful C．“sky glow” is a word that scientists use to describe dim light D．children can only see 100 stars when they grow up 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了光污染是什么，以及它对人类生存环境的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study has found that light pollution is making the night sky brighter and the stars dimmer (暗淡).”可知，本文谈论的是光污染。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Data for the study was collected from 2011 to 2022.”可知，这项研究的数据是从2011年到2022年收集的，约12年。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段“But if you see only the brightest ones, you are in a very light-polluted place.”可知，如果你只看到最亮的星星，那你就处在一个光污染严重的地方，而不是一个很暗的地方，故选D。 4．主旨大意题。阅读全文并根据最后一段“Light pollution influences (影响) more than our view of the heavens. Research shows that lots of nighttime light can harm wildlife.”可知，光污染对环境是有害的，故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期末复习之阅读理解20篇（说明文）（江苏专用） （期末热点话题） Visit the Ancient city of Pingyao Located in central Shanxi Province, the Ancient City of Pingyao was first built in the Western Zhou Dynasty and further expanded in the Ming Dynasty. It’s a great example of Han Chinese cities in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and is one of China’s four best-preserved old cities. Here are three must-see places in this ancient city. Built in 1823, Rishengchang Draft Bank (票号), China’s first bank-like organization, is located on West Street in the Ancient City of Pingyao. The shop kept running for over 100 years. The business had expanded to Europe, the US and many Southeast Asian countries. It is regarded as a pioneer of China’s banking history. Today, the former “bank” has become a museum where visitors can learn about China’s banking history. The ancient city walls of Pingyao are about 12 meters high and more than 6 kilometers long. In the past, these walls were built to protect the city from enemies. They are also surrounded by a 4-meter-wide and 4-meter-deep moat (护城河) just outside the walls. The ancient city walls are among the best-preserved city walls in China. If you want to take pictures from the walls, it’s best to go in the afternoon. The view of the old houses at sunset is amazing. South Street, also known as Mingqing Street, is a nationally famous historical and cultural street. At one time, more than 50% of China’s financial institutions (金融机构) were located on this street, giving it the nickname of China’s “Wall Street”. Looking south, the street keeps its traditional design. It is lined with towering houses and 78 time-honored shops. Some of the ancient buildings are over a century old. South Street not only shows China’s business history, but also represents the development of Shanxi merchants (晋商). 1．Which of the following is NOT true about Rishengchang Draft Bank? A．It was located on West Street in Pingyao Ancient City. B．It had business connections with European and American countries. C．It has been a museum where people learn banking history now. D．It was the earliest bank in the world. 2．What does the underlined word “surrounded” probably mean in Paragraph 3？ A．保护 B．围绕 C．破坏 D．连接 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．Pingyao Ancient City was only built in the Ming Dynasty. B．Rishengchang Draft Bank only did business in China. C．South Street was once the center of China’s finance. D．The city walls of Pingyao are the tallest in China. 4．Which of the following is TRUE about Pingyao Ancient City? A．It is one of China’s five best-preserved old cities. B．The ancient city walls are over 10 kilometers long. C．South Street is also known as Mingqing Street. D．The best time to take pictures on the walls is in the morning. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The history of Rishengchang Draft Bank. B．The introduction to three must-see places in Pingyao Ancient City. C．The development of Shanxi merchants. D．The beauty of the ancient city walls of Pingyao. More and more schools in China are starting to do garbage sorting (垃圾分类), and No.2 Middle School in Nantong is one of them. Since September 2024, the school has carried out a garbage sorting activity to teach students about environmental protection and sustainable development (可持续发展). The school has put different colored garbage bins in every classroom and on the playground. Green bins are for kitchen waste, blue for recyclable waste, red for harmful waste, and grey for other waste. The teachers teach students how to sort different kinds of garbage and why it’s important. For example, recyclable waste like paper and plastic can be made into new things, and harmful waste like batteries can pollute the earth if not sorted properly. To make the activity more interesting, the school holds a garbage sorting competition every month. Students need to sort different kinds of garbage quickly and correctly. The winning class gets a small prize, like a green plant or a book about the environment. Many students said the competition makes them remember the sorting rules better. So far, the school’s garbage sorting activity has been very successful. The amount of recyclable waste has increased by 40%, and the amount of harmful waste has been sorted correctly by over 90%. The headmaster said, “Garbage sorting is a small thing, but it’s a big step for environmental protection. We hope our students can form a good habit of sorting garbage and take the habit home to their families. In this way, more people can join in the environmental protection work.” 1．What color of garbage bin is for recyclable waste in No.2 Middle School? A．Green. B．Blue. C．Red. D．Grey. 2．What does the school do to make the garbage sorting activity more interesting? A．It puts garbage bins in every classroom. B．It teaches students the sorting rules. C．It gives students a lot of money as a prize. D．It holds a garbage sorting competition every month. 3．How much has the amount of recyclable waste increased in the school? A．By 30%. B．By 40%. C．By 90%. D．By 100%. 4．What does the headmaster hope the students can do? A．To only sort garbage at school. B．To forget the garbage sorting rules after the activity. C．To form a garbage sorting habit and take it home. D．To take part in more competitions and win prizes. The Palace Museum, one of the greatest ancient wonders of China, is using modern technology. Back in December 2015, a digital gallery (数字馆) at Duanmen opened in the Palace Museum. A film on the screen helps visitors learn about the museum in a short time. Then visitors can walk into a palace, seeing and touching many treasures through VR. They can even talk with ancient people with the help of AI. In fact, digitalization of the museum started 20 years ago. In 2001, the museum first opened websites in Chinese and English. Visitors from all over the world can see the introduction and new notices online. In February 2015, the museum offered an app  to show its collection. The app introduces one treasure every day. In 2018, the museum developed a program on WeChat. The program advises visitors on the best visiting way through the museum. During the outbreak of the COVID-19 virus, the Palace Museum also turned to the Internet. As a result, on April 5 and 6, it provided three live-streamed (直播的) tours. The three tours took different ways around the Palace Museum. Two researchers from the museum became tour guides, telling people stories about the place. What’s more, the Palace Museum has worked with Huawei to build a smart network of 5G throughout the museum. Huawei will also use AI to help with the protection of art works. 1．What does the underlined word “digitalization” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．古代化 B．数字化 C．机械化 D．商业化 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The digital gallery opened in 2001. B．The WeChat program was made in 2015. C．The live-streamed tours were held during COVID-19. D．The 5G network was built by the museum alone. 3．Put the following events in the correct order according to the passage. a. The Palace Museum opened websites in Chinese and English. b. The digital gallery at Duanmen opened. c. The museum offered an app to show its collection. d. The museum developed a WeChat program. e. The museum provided live-streamed tours. A．a→c→b→d→e B．a→b→c→d→e C．b→a→c→d→e D．b→c→a→d→e 4．What writing method is used in Paragraph 3? A．By asking questions. B．By giving examples. C．By telling stories. D．By listing time points. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The long history of the Palace Museum. B．The ways to visit the Palace Museum. C．The modern technology used in the Palace Museum. D．The cooperation between the Palace Museum and Huawei. For most tourists, travel is often about visiting famous places, buying souvenirs and following fixed timetables. However, for China’s Gen Z (young people), the meaning of travel has changed. They don’t just want to enjoy sightseeing. Instead, they see travel as self-expression and a way to get special experiences. Tourist areas are now paying more attention to young travellers’ needs. Dai Bin from the China Tourism Academy says young Chinese travel to “please themselves” rather than “please others”. Their feelings matter more than famous places. They like to plan their own trips and explore more freely. Ice and snow tourism is a good example. Young people no longer only enjoy snow views. They prefer to take part in activities like ice sliding, music parties in ice parks and nightlife in disco bars. Hengdian World Studios uses movie experiences to attract young visitors. Activities like “Step into the Movies” let them learn how films are made and feel like they are in a movie. In Luoyang, Henan, immersive travel also becomes popular among young people. These new styles show that Gen Z wants more freedom, fun and special experiences when travelling. 1．What do traditional tourists usually do when travelling? A．Plan trips freely. B．Visit famous places. C．Look for special experiences. D．Travel to please themselves. 2．According to Dai Bin, what do young people care most about during travelling? A．Famous places. B．Others’ feelings. C．Their own feelings. D．Cheap souvenirs. 3．What does the word “immersive” most probably mean in the sentence “In Luoyang, Henan, immersive travel also becomes popular among young people”? A．高消费的 B．沉浸式的 C．匆忙的 D．传统的 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①/②③/④/⑤ C．①②/③/④/⑤ D．①/②③④⑤ Dating back to the Song and Yuan dynasties, Fujian Tulou is a kind of traditional Chinese rural house built by the Hakka people in the mountain areas of East China’s Fujian Province. These large, closed, and strong earth buildings were added to UNESCO’s World Heritage (遗产) List in 2008. Fujian Tulou are round or square earth buildings. Each Tulou usually has three to four floors with a big courtyard and only one main gate. The walls not only can provide protection but also make it warm in winter and cool in summer. ①Each Tulou can hold up to 800 people and act as a community. ②Fujian Tulou is an example of this. In Zhangzhou’s Nanjing County, over 15,000 Tulou buildings are kept. They attract a large number of tourists. In the Tulou area, you can always see many travellers taking videos with their phones or cameras. Local people may invite visitors to their homes for a short tour, sharing stories about the inside design of the Tulou. ③There are also shops offering visitors the chance to dress in the clothes of the local She ethnic minority (畲族) for photos. ④Usually, the ink rubbing (墨水拓片) workshop also interests lots of visitors. The leader of the workshop guides people, showing them luck and happiness in China, on a woodcut of a Tulou. After rolling the paper with golden ink, they get a beautiful picture of the Tulou, a unique souvenir (纪念品) made by their own hands that they can take home. 1．Which of the following is a Tulou? A． B． C． D． 2．What does the underlined phrase “hold up to” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．pick up B．look for C．take in D．put away 3．What can visitors do in the Tulou? a. Make a film.      b. Enjoy the view.      c. Learn about the history of the Tulou. d. Buy local clothes.      e. Get a picture of the Tulou. A．a, c, d B．b, c, d C．a, b, e D．b, c, e 4．Where can we put the sentence “China’s development has not given up traditional culture.” in the article? A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Beauty of Fujian Tulou B．Interesting Activities in Fujian C．The History of Fujian Tulou D．A Visit to Fujian Buildings The world’s fastest high-speed train is on the way. On 29 December, China displayed a prototype (样车) of the train. It marks a new era for the country’s high-speed trains. The newest model is called the CR450. CR stands for China Railway. The CR450 is able to run at 450 kilometres per hour in tests. When it enters service, its speed is expected to reach 400 kilometres per hour. It’s much faster than the CR400. The CR400 came out in 2017. It operates at 350 kilometres per hour The CR450 does well not just in speed. According to its developers, the train has shorter braking distances. It is also designed with greater stability. And all this helps ensure the safety of passengers In addition, the CR450 offers a quieter ride. The noise levels inside the train have been reduced. Meanwhile, cabin spaces have been increased so that passengers can enjoy more comfortable rides. “The new train has been tested across several high-speed rail lines in China. It is not yet ready for commercial use, though. Further tests are needed.” said the China State Railway Group (中国铁路总公司). “All tests are set to be finished within two years.” China is now the world leader in railway development. It has built the world’s largest railway network. The network covers almost all corners of the country. The total length of rail tracks has reached over 160,000 kilometres. More than 46,000 kilometres are high-speed rail. The aim is to have 60,000 kilometres of high-speed rail by 2030. High-speed train has been an effective means of travel for long journeys as it allows people to travel around with ease and comfort. 1．How fast can the CR450 run in tests? A．350 kilometres per hour. B．400 kilometres per hour. C．450 kilometres per hour. D．600 kilometres per hour. 2．What does the underlined word “stability” probably mean in paragraph 2 in Chinese? A．速度 B．舒适 C．移动 D．稳定 3．What can we know from the article? A．China’s high-speed rail will continue to develop and improve. B．The CR400 is the fastest train in the world. C．The CR450 will replace all other high-speed trains in China soon. D．China’s high-speed rail network will cover the whole world by 2030. 4．What is the article mainly about? A．The comparison between CR450 and CR400. B．China’s new high-speed train: CR450. C．The future of high-speed rail in China. D．The development of China’s railway network. In our daily life, direct questions are usually used to ask for information we do not know. Direct questions are either Yes or No questions such as “Are you married?” or information questions such as “Where do you live?” It’s OK to ask your friends or someone you know well direct questions. But they can seem abrupt and impolite at times, especially when you are asking a stranger. For example, if you come up to someone and ask “What time is it?” or “Can you move?”, he or she may refuse to answer you. It is certainly correct to ask questions in this way, but it’s very common to make these kinds of questions more polite by adding “Excuse me” or “Pardon me” to begin your questions. It’s also possible to use “can” in more informal situations. In the past, “can” was not used when asking for something, but only to refer to abilities. In the United Kingdom, Cambridge University publishes books with the phrases “Can you lend me,” “Can I have”, etc. In the United States, this form is still considered to be incorrect, especially for written English, and “May I have” is preferred. Questions with “can” are made more polite by using “could”: “Pardon me, could you help me?” “Would” can also be used to make questions more polite. “Would you lend me your pencil?” is also polite. Another way of making direct questions more polite is to add “please” at the end of the questions. We can say “Could you help me, please?” “Please” should not appear at the beginning of the questions. 1．According to the passage, the writer thinks ________. A．we shouldn’t ask direct questions in daily life B．it’s OK to ask strangers direct questions C．it’s not enough to ask questions correctly D．we must know someone well before asking questions 2．From Paragraph 3, we can know ________. A．“can” was only used to describe abilities before B．people in America like using “can” better C．questions with “can” are more polite in written English D．questions with “can” are polite in the US 3．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．How to be a polite person. B．How to use some expressions correctly. C．How to make direct questions more polite. D．How to change the ways we speak. It appears that few young people read for fun these days in the UK. in a 2024 survey, almost one in four people aged 16-24 in the country said they didn’t read regularly. What does it mean? What kind of brain structure do good readers actually have? New research published in the journal Neuroimage studied data from more than 1,000 people. The result shows differences in two parts of the brain’s left temporal lobe (左颞叶), which sits behind the left ear. One is the lobe’s front part known as the temporal pole (颞极) that helps connect and sort different information. For example, to understand the word “leg”, this brain region links how legs look, feel, and move. In people who read well, the left temporal pole is thinner than the right. The other is the Heschl’s gyrus (赫氏回). There lies the auditory cortex (听觉皮层) that processes (处理) sounds. Reading is not only mainly a visual skill. To match letters with speech sounds, we first need to notice the sounds of the spoken language. This phonological awareness (语音意识) has been known to make children’s reading development possible. A thinner Heschl’s gyrus has been related to dyslexia, which makes reading very difficult. However, the difference in thickness isn’t just about dyslexia. It is also true that having a thicker auditory cortex is related to being better at reading. Clearly, the structure of the brain can tell us a lot about reading skills. But it’s important to know that the brain changes when we learn something new or practice a skill we have had. For example, for young adults who studied languages a lot, the thickness of brain areas related to language increased. Similarly, reading is likely to shape the structure of the left Heschl’s gyrus. It’s necessary to consider what might happen to us if less attention is paid to reading. In other words, that cozy moment with a book in your armchair may not just be personal. 1．What do we know about the study published in Neuroimage? A．It studied people aged 16-24 in the UK. B．It studied people with reading problems. C．It studied the ear structure of people who read. D．It studied the brains of a large number of people. 2．What does the temporal pole do in the brain? A．It links different body parts. B．It connects and sorts information C．It helps analyze words. D．It supports visual processing. 3．Why is the auditory cortex considered important for reading? A．It builds awareness of speech sounds. B．It controls how fast we read words. C．It supports building reading habits. D．It helps turn letters into images. 4．According to the study, what kind of structure may be found in a good reader’s brain? A．A thinner left temporal pole and a thicker auditory cortex. B．A thinner left temporal pole and a thinner auditory cortex. C．A thicker left temporal pole and a thicker auditory cortex. D．A thicker left temporal pole and a thinner auditory cortex. 5．Which of the following ideas does the result of the study support? A．Less attention should be paid to skills like reading B．The structure of the brain decides reading skills. C．Reading can change some parts of the brain. D．Language learning strengthens the brain. AI is shaking up the world now. It has been widely used in many different fields. AI in Communication Chatbots (聊天机器人), a kind of AI-driven tool, have become a necessary part of modern communication. They can understand and reply to users at once. Whether it’s on websites or mobile apps, chatbots can offer support in real time. Besides, AI users can control smart home tools through voice orders. AI is reshaping (重塑) the way we communicate in our daily lives. AI in Transportation AI makes a big difference to traffic. For example, some ride-sharing platforms (拼车平台) depend heavily on AI. They use AI to match passengers with drivers and provide better transportation services. And self-driving cars are a main example of AI’s use in transportation, too. With the help of AI, they can reduce accidents and help those unable to drive. AI in Education AI provides a smart way to education. It changes the way teachers teach and students learn. AI in classrooms can make teaching and learning more interesting, which helps students focus more on their studies. AI can also offer students support outside classrooms. For example, it can help with homework, answer questions, and provide explanations. By analyzing (分析) students’advantages, weaknesses and learning needs, AI can make suitable study plans for them. This can help students achieve their learning goals easier. All in all, AI is shaping and will continue to shape our everyday experiences. 1．How do the AI users control smart home tools? A．Through mobile phone. B．Through internet. C．Through website. D．Through voice orders. 2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．Research on AI in transportation. B．Suggestions on AI in transportation. C．Problems of AI in transportation. D．Advantages of AI in transportation. 3．What does the underlined word “suitable” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．New. B．Proper (合适的). C．Simple. D．Different. 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①②③④/⑤ D．①/②/③④⑤ Scientists have found a new way to study the health of soil—by listening to it. They think their way could help people monitor (监测) and improve soil around the world. All living things — animals, insects, and even plants — make sounds, and by listening we can study those noises. The way has been used to watch bats, birds and sea animals. Scientists in Australia wanted to see if they could use listening to check how healthy soil was. Soil can be filled with many living things, and the greater the variety (多样性) of living things, the healthier the soil. For example, animals without backbones like ants and worms help nutrients (营养) and water pass through soil. However, the change of the environment and human activities have reduced the variety of living things in soil. “It’s very important to monitor the variety of living things in soil,” Robinson said. For the study, the scientists first put special microphones (麦克风) into the soil and then moved away and stood silently. Next, they collected many hours of recordings from the Mount Bold area of Australia. Finally, they took some to check soil health. The recordings showed the different sounds living things make underground. The study found that more different kinds of sounds suggested healthier soil. It also showed that listening is a good way to test soil health. It costs less and causes less loss than other ways, such as digging up soil and testing it. In the future, Robinson said, “Everyone can just buy their own little microphone and hear the sounds of soil.” 1．What did scientists in Australia want to use listening for? A．Checking the health of soil. B．Studying living things’ noises. C．Watching some living things. D．Making some animals’ sounds. 2．What can we learn about ants and worms from Paragraph 3? A．It’s necessary to monitor them. B．It’s natural for them to live in soil. C．They are helpful to the health of soil. D．They add to the variety of living things. 3．Paragraph 4 mainly talks about the study’s ________. A．steps B．tools C．result D．purpose 4．According to Robinson, what’s the future of listening to soil like? A．It will be used in other fields. B．It can be used by more people. C．It can dig up life underground. D．It will bring more living things. ①Classics are the treasure of the literary (文学) world. For years, people have read them to learn more. As mobile phones become a part of our life, more people are using them to read books. But is this really the best way to learn? ②According to a 2023 report given by the Chinese short-video platform Douyin, the views for book-related (相关的) videos jumped by 65.17% year-on-year. ③“There are some classics that I am not interested in but asked to read,” said 14-year-old He Liyan from Jiangsu. “So I usually watch a video about the book to find some interesting stories which can keep me reading.” ④Some people also find classic books really long and hard to understand, so they go to vloggers’ (视频博主) instructions. ⑤“The vloggers also add their own opinions to the instructions, making the book easier to understand,” added He. ⑥A Dream of Red Mansions (《红楼梦》) is famous for showing Chinese society with interesting characters and a special writing style. It talks about family, society and human nature. These things can be fun to watch but boring and difficult to read. ⑦“There are so many characters in the novel, and which I can’t understand exactly,” said 12-year-old Shao Xinyan from Hubei. “The mind maps shown in the videos help me understand who they are more clearly.” ⑧For Zhang Boren, a 13-year-old from Beijing, reading is a journey about thinking as you read, not just learning information. “Books can let me think freely. Although videos can help a lot, they can’t show every part of a well-made story,” he said. ⑨Eighteen-year-old Wang Hongjie from Sichuan agreed, saying, “It may lower readers’ ability to read by themselves and think deeply.” ⑩But in today’s world, where we can find information so easily on the internet, some people think that reading paper books is old-fashioned. However, it is still important, especially in school. Students should read more and click less. 1．In Paragraph ②, the writer tells us more people watch book- related videos with ______. A．clear numbers B．real examples C．nice pictures D．fun stories 2．Book-related videos are easier to understand because the vloggers ______. ①design mind maps ②show details of a book ③give interesting stories ④add opinions and instructions A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④ 3．The following sentence can be best put at the end of ______. While reading with videos helps many people, some express different opinions and worries. A．Paragraph ⑤ B．Paragraph ⑥ C．Paragraph ⑦ D．Paragraph ⑧ 4．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce all kinds of book- related videos. B．To tell readers to think deeply by themselves. C．To show viewing book- related videos is popular. D．To express reading through short videos is wrong. Chris used to work in a hospital, but now this French doctor works in the office of MSF. However, Chris’ job can be very exciting and dangerous. Chris works for MSF, an organization also known as Doctors Without Borders (国界). Since 1971, MSF has sent trained (培训过的) doctors all over the world to help people from disasters, such as wars and illnesses. Chris is a doctor from France who has traveled to many places to organize programs that help people. At the moment, over 27,000 trained doctors have taken part in MSF projects. The organization received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1999. All kinds of doctors can volunteer for MSF. They need to be ready to go almost anywhere in the world and, of course, they should face difficulties. Most of MSF’s work is in Africa. When MSF chooses a doctor for a task, they have to go for at least six months. When doctors have finished a few tasks, they might finish an emergency (紧急的) task following a disaster, such as an earthquake. But why would doctors leave a comfortable life and a good pay to join MSF? According to Chris, the experience they have is a great help in their life. What’s more, they need to keep an open mind and learn to get on well with the people they meet. One thing that they can say at the end of any task is that they have made a real difference to people’s lives. 1．The work of the doctors in MSF is ________. A．tiring and boring B．peaceful and comfortable C．happy and relaxing D．exciting and dangerous 2．As a volunteer doctor for MSF, he or she ________. A．worked as a doctor for about six months in the past B．is ready to work for a task anywhere for half a year C．has to finish an emergency task after a disaster in Africa D．will travel to many places to find more doctors to join in 3．Many doctors like to join MSF because they can ________. A．get a good pay B．have a comfortable life C．help others and get experience D．travel abroad with their families 4．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Chris is a doctor who has organized programs to help people. B．MSF received the Nobel Peace Prize for helping poor countries. C．MSF offers medical help to people who get ill or hurt in disasters. D．How do volunteer doctors get on well with the people they meet? Everyone may feel angry at any time. It’s a common feeling. Some people cry when they feel angry and some may shout. Unluckily, many of us have been used to hiding anger. A study suggests that this can have long-term bad influences on our health. Is it better to cry or break things whenever something makes us angry? The study points out that when we show our anger in this way, we can’t probably get on well with our friends or our family. The more time we keep being angry, the worse result we’ll get. So how can we deal with our feeling of anger in a right way? First, know what anger is. Anger is often caused by feelings of being too afraid, disappointment (失望) and so on. Also, care more about those everyday things that will make us angry. For example, we may get angry in a long line at the store. Take a step back and think that it isn’t personal. Everyone in the line has dinner to make, just like us. Then we’ll feel better. Another way of dealing with anger is to talk about it. The study has shown that if we name our feelings, we can slowly calm ourselves down. Besides, take a deep breath or find helpful exercise to do. Exercise helps deal with anger. Remember that how we act when we are angry can make things better or worse. If we learn to deal with anger, we will be happier and healthier. 1．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 2? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By giving an example. D．By using an old saying. 2．Which picture can show the relationship between anger and time? (x=the time you keep angry, y=the bad influences it will have) A． B． C． D． 3．Which can help deal with the feeling of anger according to the text? a. Taking some exercise.    b. Eating delicious food.    c. Talking about anger.    d. Taking a deep breath. A．abc. B．abd. C．acd. D．bcd. 4．What is the most suitable structure of the text? (P=Paragraph) A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．What Makes You Angry? B．Why Are You Angry? C．When to Deal with Anger? D．How to Deal with Anger? Please turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand when you cough (咳嗽) or sneeze (打喷嚏). Afterwards, you should say, “Excuse me.” This is a rule I set for my students. It is so simple, but many kids have never been told to do this. In fact, I notice adults cough and sneeze in public without putting a hand over the mouth. I hate travelling by underground in New York during cold and flu season, because it is certain that someone is going to stand right behind me and cough or sneeze on my neck. One important thing I point out to the kids is that after they sneeze or cough on their hand, they should wash their hands as soon as possible. Otherwise, they will be passing those germs (病菌) along to everything and everyone they touch. In order to help the kids remember this rule, I tell them about an old story. It says that when you sneeze, evil spirits (邪恶幽灵) jump into your body. If you don’t cover your mouth, the spirits will enter, but if you cover your mouth, you will keep them out. We say “God bless you” when someone sneezes, and in Germany you should say “Gesundheit”. That means “Good health to you.” Both expressions are said just in case you didn’t cover your mouth in time and the spirits were able to enter your body. The kids love finding out the origins (起源) of these expressions and it encourages them to put the advice to use more often. 1．After coughing or sneezing on their hand, students are advised to ________. A．go home and have a good rest B．go to see a doctor as soon as possible C．wash their hands as soon as possible D．say “God bless you” 2．What does the underlined word ‘this’ mean? A．Cover your mouth when coughing or sneezing and say sorry. B．Don’t cough or sneeze in front of people. C．Many people cough or sneeze on the underground train. D．Don’t stand beside someone who coughs or sneezes. 3．From the passage we can know the writer of this article must be ________. A．a doctor B．an officer C．a reporter D．a teacher 4．According to the article, the writer would like the kids ________. A．to be in better health B．to have good manners C．to do well in exams D．to be polite to adults Can a machine think? Can a computer answer questions in a human-like way? How can you tell if you are talking to a computer? New computer programs called language models have been very good at copying people. These artificial intelligence (AI) programs analyze (分析) millions of sentences from books and websites to learn hidden patterns in language. It’s exciting to see AI making realistic sentences. But there are also problems with AI-made texts. People have used AI-made texts to cheat on tests. We wanted to learn more about AI. So we called up 4,600 participants (参与者) for a study. We told the participants that they were using a website where some people wrote their own biographies (传记), and some people used AI to write theirs. Each participant rated (评分) 16 texts, half of which were AI-made. They then rated each text on a 5-point scale (评分等级) from “definitely (确定) AI” to “definitely human”. The participants were largely unable to tell whether they were people-made or AI-made. Their answers were wrong about 49% of the time. We found that people were following a few rules of thumb (经验规则). When people saw a meaningless or repetitive (重复的) text, they were more likely to say it came from AI. Truly, an AI text was more likely to have these qualities. But some rules of thumb gave wrong answers! People thought bad grammar and unusual word choices appeared in an AI text, but they were actually more likely to come from human-made text. And when people saw contractions (like “don’t” or “won’t”), they thought it was a sign of a human writer, but actually, AI was more likely to use such words. These are often wrong, which means that people are likely to be cheated. A person sends emails to people pretending (假装) to be someone you believe in. The email might say, “Hi, I work for your bank! You need to log in and fix something in your account.” With AI, the person could make different emails to try to pretend one that’s very believable. There is a lot of useful information online, and a lot of fun things, too. But there are also a lot of ways to get in trouble. We can never know who is on the other side when talking to someone on the Internet—it may not even be a human! That’s why it’s important not to just rely on (依赖) your feeling, but check the website URL and author information. If something seems strange, tell your parents or a responsible adult about it! 1．The researchers did the study to find out ________. A．who can write biographies faster, human or AI B．whether AI can answer questions in a human-like way C．which biographies were better, the human-made or the AI-made D．whether we can tell the human-made biographies from the AI-made 2．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Answers. B．Websites. C．Biographies. D．Participants. 3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Engineers are developing AI’s copying skills. B．The participants use a website to write their biographies. C．There are more wrong sentence structures in AI-made texts. D．AI-made texts are likely to choose the same words to express. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing the passage? A．To compare (比较) AI’s writing with humans’. B．To study the reasons of the popularity of AI use. C．To improve our judgment (判断) online in the age of AI. D．To discuss the main characteristics (特征) of AI-made writing. 5．From the passage, we can infer (推断) that ________. A．AI language models will replace human writers in the future B．people are becoming more and more skilled at using AI C．AI-made texts are completely the same as human-made ones D．being careful is necessary when dealing with online information In the science fiction film Dune, people on a desert planet wear specially designed suits. These suits collect sweat (汗水) and urine (尿液) and turn them into clean drinking water. This may sound like magic, but some places in the real world are recycling wastewater in similar ways. Astronauts in space depend on recycled water, too. But what about us? “We don’t live in space or on a desert planet,” you might say. “Why would we ever need to turn our sweat and urine into drinking water? That is yucky (恶心的)!” Well, we might not start by recycling wastewater for drinking. But we can recycle it for other uses. Let’s think about flushing toilets, for example. Every day, lots of clean fresh water are used to flush away human waste. This doesn’t seem like the wisest use of our limited fresh water, does it? They are looking for smarter ways to use water. I recently visited Jenfelder Au, a new neighborhood, with a wastewater reuse system. This new system separates wastewater into three streams: Rainwater is collected to water the gardens. “Gray water” from kitchen and bathroom sinks is used to flush toilets. And “black water” from toilets is sent to a local treatment plant to be turned into biogas (沼气). The system reduces water use by 30 percent and produces electricity for hundreds of homes. Perhaps all new neighborhoods around the world could follow Jenfelder Au’s example. There will be big challenges—it’s hard and expensive to replace their old pipes and systems. Still, Dr. Upmanu Lall, a water treatment scientist, is hopeful. “We can think of the example of lights. Now most homes and cities have updated (更新) to LED,” he said. “We update our homes and cities every 10 to 15 years. We believe people try new water technologies in the same way. Over time, more and more people will start using water wisely. More and more water will be saved.” 1．What does the underlined “That” refer to in paragraph 2? A．Collecting sweat and urine. B．Recycling wastewater. C．Living on a desert planet or in space. D．Drinking recycled water. 2．In Jenfelder Au, what is “gray water” reused for? A．Flushing toilets. B．Producing electricity. C．Producing biogas. D．Watering gardens. 3．Which sentence can be put in the empty box in paragraph 4? A．Scientists have found some new ways. B．We have all learnt to use water wisely. C．Some people are already working on it. D．People think they have enough fresh water 4．Why does Dr. Upmanu Lall take the example of lights? A．To introduce how new water technologies work. B．To prove new water technologies have lots of problems. C．To explain how often new water technologies need to update. D．To show he is confident of the future of new water technologies. ①Have you ever noticed you feel better and happier after helping someone else? Volunteering isn’t just great for the people you support, it can boost your well-being too. Volunteers’ Week takes place every year from 1 to 7 June and is a good opportunity to find out how helping others makes you feel better. ②What is volunteering? Volunteering means giving your time, energy or skills without expecting anything in return. Millions of people around the country volunteer every year, and there are lots of ways you can join them, including raising money for charity, helping in your local community garden or park; or even carrying a neighbour’s shopping home. The theme for this year’s Volunteers’ Week is Celebrate and Inspire, which highlights all the different people who take part in volunteering and the many ways they do it. ③How is volunteering good for me? According to Susan Albers, a psychologist (an expert in thoughts and feelings), volunteering has been shown to reduce stress and make you feel better about your life. This is because being kind and doing things for other people activates the reward part of the brain and releases feel-good chemicals like dopamine and serotonin (多巴胺和血清素). ________, such as feeling part of a community, making friends and learning skills. ④How can I become a volunteer? There are lots of ways you can volunteer. Albers recommends finding something that is meaningful to you. If you love sport, then ask if your club needs help teaching younger players. If you’re passionate about protecting the environment, organize a litter pick or beach clean. You could also ask at your local library, community centre or school for volunteering opportunities. Make sure you check with a parent or carer before you start, and see if friends or family want to join in. Albers says involving family or friends can be “a great way to boost your mental health. It’s free. It’s an activity that everyone can do. It doesn’t require a lot of skills or time”. 1．Which of the following shows an example of volunteering? ①Daniel helps sort books, reshelve books, and guide readers at the local library. ②Simon sells handicrafts to raise enough money and buy his mother a birthday present. ③Suzy becomes a member of the school club and learns more about different manners. ④Mike and his friends help with sorting garbage and cleaning public areas at the community. A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④ 2．Which of the following sentence can be put in the blank in paragraph ③? A．There are different ways of volunteering B．Volunteering has many other advantages too C．On the other hand, there may be some disadvantages too D．You should pay attention to many things when volunteering 3．Which picture best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． In small villages, people often say hello to their neighbors in stores, on the streets, or outside their homes. But in cities, many people don’t greet their neighbors, even when they are standing in line at a supermarket. A recent study shows that greeting neighbors, especially up to six people a day, is really good for you. The study has found that greeting others can make you happier. The magic number is six. When you greet up to six people, your happiness score goes up. After that, the score shows no further rise. The study was carried out last year and got replies from more than 4, 000 people. It tested people’s social happiness, physical happiness, community happiness and more. People who greeted six neighbors had a much higher happiness score than those who didn’t greet anyone. You might think that saying hello is only about social happiness, but that’s not true. Regular (经常的) greetings also improve your physical and community happiness. ▲ If you feel your community is safe, it’s more possible for you to talk to people. Walking around your neighborhood can make you feel better physically. Dan Witters, the leader of the study, said, “we don’t mean that you should know the person well. Just stop and talk to them. The more people you greet, the more chances you have to start a conversation.” Remember, saying hello regularly is a good way to improve your own happiness. 1．How does the writer lead into the topic? A．By telling a story. B．By explaining the reason. C．By asking a question. D．By introducing different actions. 2．Which of the following shows the change in happiness score after people greet neighbors? A． B． C． D． 3．Which sentence can be put in ▲ ? A．That’s because all of these are joined together. B．It’s best to greet your neighbors in the morning. C．Different neighbors can greet you in different ways. D．The reason is they have nothing to do with each other. 4．What can we learn from Dan Witters’ words? A．The more people you know, the happier you are. B．Saying hello may help people start a conversation. C．Nothing improves happiness more than conversations. D．Knowing people is more important than greeting them. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The differences between village life and city life. B．The importance of knowing neighbors well in cities. C．The good points of greeting neighbors in our daily life. D．The useful way to help people get to know neighbours. Have you ever heard of upcycling? It is a way of turning old or unnecessary things into something useful and often beautiful. Is it the same as recycling? Recycling usually takes old things, like paper and glass, and breaks them down to make a new product (产品). When you upcycle an item, you are probably doing something different. You can just refashion it. For example, you might make a bag out of an old T-shirt. Also, the upcycled item is usually of the same, or even better quality. Upcycling isn’t a new idea. Some of the best examples of modern-day upcycling come from the old times. In those days, things were repurposed over and over until they were not useful any more. Upcycling is a way of life. Things shouldn’t be just thrown away when they can-be saved and turned into something useful. It’s clear that upcycling is greener. Upcycling only needs your own ideas and work, but recycling needs energy or water to break down things. Grace, a young woman from the UK, takes used tea bags and turns them into dresses, shoes and even hats. Every day she drinks some tea, then dries out the tea bags with the tea still in them. When they’re dry, she takes the tea out and puts the bags together to make an item of clothing. This can take a long time, but Grace has made lots of artworks. Making items from old things or buying upcycled products? Both are great for the environment and give you cool and useful things. Give it a try! 1．What does the underlined word “refashion” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Recycling useless things. B．Reusing things directly. C．Repairing broken things. D．Repurposing for a new use. 2．How is upcycling different from recycling? A．Upcycling is a greener way of life. B．Upcycling is more useful. C．Upcycling needs more energy. D．Upcycling is new to the world. 3．How did people in the past use things? A．They used things once, then threw them away. B．They reused things until they were useless. C．They only used expensive things. D．They always bought new things. 4．What can we learn from Grace’s story about upcycling? A．Only skilled people can do it. B．It needs new ideas and takes time. C．It is simpler than recycling. D．It needs some special tools. 5．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To tell people the past and future of upcycling. B．To introduce the history of upcycling. C．To spread the habit of upcycling in the daily life. D．To make people know the importance of recycling. A new study has found that light pollution is making the night sky brighter and the stars dimmer (暗淡). The study examined data (数据) from more than 50,000 star watchers across the world. It found that man-made lighting is making the night sky about 10 percent brighter each year. Data for the study was collected from 2011 to 2022. The research findings recently were written in a book. The result was a much faster rate of change than scientists had guessed in the past. “We are losing, year by year, the chance to see the stars,” said Fabio Falchi. He is a physicist at the University of Santiago de Compostela in Spain. He was not a researcher in the study. “If you can still see the dimmest stars, you are in a very dark place.” Falchl said. “But if you see only the brightest ones, you are in a very light-polluted place.” As cities expand (扩大) and put up more lights, a “sky glow” is created in the sky. “Sky glow” is a word scientists use to describe light that becomes more intense (强烈的). The research team gave an example to make the result clear. If a child is born where 250 stars can be seen on a clear night, by the time that child turns 18, only 100 stars will be seen. Light pollution influences (影响) more than our view of the heavens. Research shows that lots of nighttime light can harm wildlife. 1．What kind of pollution is the passage talking about? A．Waste pollution. B．Land pollution. C．Noise pollution. D．Light pollution. 2．How long was data for the study collected? A．For about eight years. B．For about ten years. C．For about twelve years. D．For about fourteen years. 3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．The study examined data from over 50,000 star watchers across the world. B．The research findings recently were written in a book. C．Fablo Falchi thinks we are losing chances to see the stars year by year. D．If you can see only the brightest stars, you are in a very dark place. 4．The passage wants to tell us that ________. A．light pollution is bad for the environment. B．man-made lighting is making the night sky more beautiful C．“sky glow” is a word that scientists use to describe dim light D．children can only see 100 stars when they grow up 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $