2026届高三英语各地模考或重点中学（联考）阅读专项训练二十二（C篇）

2026届高三英语各地模考或重点中学（联考）阅读专项训练二十二（C篇）及答案详解 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一.（2026·四川绵阳·三模）With many of Europe’s famous buildings over a thousand years old, historic building preservation is a very complicated task. It’s expensive and time-consuming to keep the historic architecture in good state of repair. In the European Union alone, maintaining the region’s 1.1 million bridges costs €4 to 6 billion every year. And replacing all those bridges would cost over €400 billion. Prior research had already shown that filling concrete with bacterial spores (细菌孢子) creates a kind of self-healing concrete. The spores are mixed into the concrete via tiny capsules (胶囊). When a crack appears in the concrete, the capsules break open. The bacteria then multiply, which produces calcium carbonate, a chemical that eventually hardens into a stable mineral called calcite, which can repair the crack. That’s a great advance for new buildings built of concrete. But how can engineers apply this technique to restoring historic buildings made of stone? The research team at a European project called Geoheal has created a kind of liquid that’s high in bacteria to brush existing stonework. These bacteria gradually enter a building’s stone structure, and can then start healing damage as it occurs. The researchers have also used bacteria to develop a self-healing paste that holds the stones and bricks together. Tested at the historic Tintern Abbey in Monmouthshire, Wales, the bacterial treatment indeed improved the microstructure of stone buildings, and didn’t change the appearance of the stone itself. Even better, the bacterial treatment didn’t affect the so-called “breathability” of the stone, which is a problem with conventional stone protection treatments. This innovation could be particularly useful for extending the lifespan of critical infrastructure such as bridges and tunnels, thereby making a major contribution to meeting global sustainability goals. The construction industry is currently responsible for around 5-12% of greenhouse gas emissions in Europe and 11% worldwide. Looking ahead, self-healing stonework and concrete could even lead to exciting new forms of architecture in the future. “In new construction, the possibility of integrating self-healing materials and structural elements would enable better and more sustainable designs,” said Magdalini Theodoridou, an engineer at Newcastle University. 1．What highlights the importance of self-healing bacterial treatments? A．A growing number of buildings are in need of restoration. B．Plenty of historic buildings are being damaged in Europe. C．The preservation of historic buildings is complex and costly. D．The existing repair technology cannot meet the practical needs. 2．What is the greatest advantage of the self-healing bacterial treatment? A．Preventing stone buildings from cracking. B．Protecting buildings from natural disasters. C．Allowing air to pass through buildings easily. D．Making buildings durable in an eco-friendly way. 3．Why is Magdalini Theodoridou mentioned in the last paragraph? A．To stress the significance of self-healing materials. B．To show the promising future of historic buildings. C．To explain the impact of building materials on design. D．To illustrate the application of sustainable designs. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Bacterial Concrete: A Solution for Modern Bridges. B．New Architecture: The Future of Sustainable Design. C．Historic Building Repair: A Challenge of Money and Time. D．Self-Healing Stone: A Breakthrough in Building Preservation. 二. （2026·四川绵阳·三模）Most of us have experienced being introduced to someone new only to forget his name within seconds. But why is it often easy to remember a person’s face but so difficult to remember what he’s called? A new video explains that the phenomenon is due to the way our brains process arbitrary data. The video, called “Why do you forget their names?”, was produced by Mitchell Moffit and Greg Brown. The pair explained that our brains are born to recognize facial details and that specific brain cells fire in response to seeing a face. The University of Toronto, for example, found when looking for faces in a crowd the frontal cortex (前额叶皮层) sends signals to the posterior visual cortex (后视觉皮层) to enhance what the person was looking at. But because names are random and hold no specific information in themselves, the brain struggles to remember them. The video continued to show when meeting people for the first time, many of us focus on introducing ourselves and this is known as the “next-in-line effect”. Instead of watching and listening to the other person, the brain starts focusing on its own routine — what I’ll say and how I’ll say it. As a result we’re not able to take in new information. In an experiment by Texas Christian University, researchers asked people in a group to take turns introducing themselves. They then tested them to see which information they remembered. A participant’s memory was accurate for each fellow group member except for the person who spoke before them. For these people, the participants failed to recall any or little information. Also, brains have both short-and long-term memory and the short-term memory is often called “working memory”. This can only hold so much information and if the brain doesn’t focus, or repeat it, the information fades. 5．What may make names hard to remember? A．Names are regarded as useless information. B．There is little detailed information in names. C．Names are specific to each individual person. D．The human brain responds to names too slowly. 6．What do we know about the “next-in-line effect” mentioned in Paragraph 4? A．It makes it hard to identify a person. B．It causes a temporary loss of memory. C．It worsens the ability to listen to others. D．It blocks the reception of new information. 7．What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 5? A．Add some background information. B．Introduce a new topic for discussion. C．Explain the previous paragraph further. D．Provide another experiment for reference. 8．What does the text mainly tell us? A．Whether you prefer some names to others. B．Why you cannot remember people’s names. C．What influences your memory of specific names. D．How much information you can get from names. 三. （25-26高三下·湖北宜昌·月考）“Have you raised a lobster (龙虾) yet?” This question has been heard frequently across China recently. “Lobster” is the nickname for OpenClaw, a multi-purpose AI agent whose logo resembles a lobster. Unlike traditional chatbots that only provide answers, OpenClaw can open applications, search for information, compare prices, generate documents and complete multi-step tasks with minimal supervision. Thousands have lined up to try it, and tech giants are rushing to offer setup services. However, these powerful digital assistants are turning on their owners, raising urgent concerns about AI safety. The core problem of “OpenClaw” lies in a dangerous capability mismatch. According to researchers from Harvard and Stanford, today’s AI agents possess Level 4 autonomy, meaning they can independently complete complex, multi-step tasks. Yet their security judgment remains at basic Level 2, roughly equal to a young kid’s understanding of consequences. Security experts call this the “judgment-action gap,” which results in the “fatal trifecta (三连击)”: agents have system access, process untrusted inputs, and steal or leak data — all without proper boundaries. To investigate these risks, researchers conducted controlled experiments with six OpenClaw instances, each given email access and maximum system permissions. The results were alarming. In one experiment, an agent asked to delete a single email instead reset the entire account. In another, a simple display name change tricked an agent into deleting its own core files. Perhaps the most disturbing was a “constitution attack,” where hidden instructions secretly placed into a behavior guide caused the agent to disable other systems without question. These are not hypothetical — real-world incidents have already occurred. The implications are obvious and pressing. As cybersecurity experts warn, OpenClaw’s “blurred trust boundaries” and autonomous system access create unacceptable risks for average users. The technology itself is neither good nor bad — it can reduce stress and spark creativity when used properly. And experts recommend strict safety measures: limit permissions, run agents in separate environments, require human confirmation for destructive actions, and maintain inaccessible backups. Ultimately, with balanced usage and fundamental safety redesign, the “lobster-raising” trend can become a safe and meaningful part of modern life. 9．What does the underlined phrase “turning on” most probably mean? A．Keeping off. B．Going against. C．Appealing to. D．Caring for. 10．According to Paragraph 2, there is a mismatch between ________. A．high requirement and low capability B．massive data and limited storage space C．strong autonomy and low safety assessment D．full system function and poor human supervision 11．What was the most worrying finding about OpenClaw? A．Deleting its own core files on purpose. B．Resetting the whole account by mistake. C．Hiding its own behavior instructions secretly. D．Shutting down other systems unquestioningly. 12．Which of the following is recommended as a safety measure? A．Storing backups beyond AI’s reach. B．Running agents in shared digital spaces. C．Preventing AI from dangerous operations. D．Granting AI agents unrestricted system access. 四. （2026·湖北黄冈·二模）To get more EVs on the road, scientists are working to charge a car in the same time that it takes to fuel up at a gas station. Electric vehicles are quieter, easier to repair and maintain, and far better for the environment than traditional cars. Still, numbers of EVs on the road are trailing behind the cars they’re supposed to replace, in part due to charging times. While fueling a gas car takes minutes, charging an EV can take much longer. The fastest public chargers (Level 3) can charge a battery to 80% in about 20 minutes, but slower and more common Level 2 chargers take hours, and Level 1 chargers at home can take days. Scientists believe faster charging is possible by advancing battery science and charging technology. The goal is to approach refueling speed without compromising on safety or the long-term life of the battery. The core challenge is electrochemistry. EV batteries have two electrodes (anode and cathode). During charging, lithium ions must move back to the anode. If they move too quickly, they can get “stuck”, reducing efficiency and potentially causing a short circuit or fire. Venkat Srinivasan of Argonne National Laboratory compares this to “getting 100 people into a narrow room” — all trying to pass through one small door. Researchers are exploring new battery chemistries to create multiple microscopic pathways for ions, easing congestion. Another approach involves smarter charging software. Current charging uses a steady flow of electricity, which slows as the battery fills. By adjusting the current based on the battery’s condition — for example, increasing it when the battery is around 30% charged and resistance is low — researchers at Idaho National Laboratory believe charging can be made both faster and safer. While research aims to replicate the gas-station experience, experts note that ultra-fast charging will mainly serve long trips or emergencies. For daily use, slower charging at home or work will remain the norm. “We drive to get from A to B,” says Idaho National Laboratory’s Tim Pennington, “not because we like going to the gas station. We don’t need a ten-minute charge every day.” 13．How does the author present the issue of EV adoption in the first two paragraphs? A．By providing statistical data on sales. B．By citing experts’ conflicting opinions. C．By comparing charging and refueling times. D．By listing the environmental advantages of EVs. 14．What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning “100 people”? A．The collaboration among scientists. B．The need for more charging stations. C．The physical bottleneck in fast charging. D．The complexity of battery manufacturing. 15．What is a key function of smarter charging software? A．User-chosen charging speed. B．Overheating prevention during charging. C．Fast charging from ordinary home outlets. D．Current adjusted to the state of the battery. 16．What can we learn about ultra-fast chargers in daily life? A．They are largely unnecessary for routine use. B．They are considered essential for all EV users. C．They are seen as equally important as home charging. D．They are believed to eventually replace all slower chargers. 五. （2026·浙江温州·二模）Why does “bouba” sound round and “kiki” sound spiky (尖锐的)? This perception, known as “bouba-kiki” effect, is reliable all over the world, and for at least a century, scientists have considered it a clue to the origin of language, theorizing that maybe our ancestors built their first words upon these associations between sound and shape. But a new study published in Science adds an unexpected finding: baby chickens make these same pairings, suggesting that the link to human language may not be so unique. The study was led by Maria Loconsole, a comparative psychologist at the University of Padua. She and her colleagues placed chicks in front of two panels: one featured a flowerlike shape with gently rounded curves; the other had a spiky shape like a cartoon explosion. They then played recordings of humans saying either “bouba” or “kiki” and observed the birds’ behavior. When the chicks heard “bouba,” 80 percent of them approached the round shape first and spent an average of more than three minutes exploring it compared with an average of just under one minute spent exploring the spiky shape. When the chicks heard “kiki,” the opposite occurred. One long-standing theory that these associations are inspired by the shape your mouth makes when you say each word can now be ruled out, since the chicks showed the effect despite being unable to speak. Instead the “bouba-kiki” effect may originate from the physical properties of objects themselves. When round objects hit the ground or roll, they typically produce more continuous, low-frequency sounds than spiky ones. A built-in grasp of those dynamics, linking sight and sound, could help newborn animals quickly make sense of their environment, possibly to locate food or avoid predators (食肉动物). The “bouba-kiki” effect may have played a role in the emergence of language. But for chickens, this same tendency seems to serve a more evolutionary purpose. “Even if language is unique to humans,” Loconsole says, “that doesn’t mean that it comes from an ability that is unique to humans.” 17．What does the new study focus on? A．The origin of human language. B．Sound-shape connections in chicks. C．Animals’ recognition of shapes. D．Brain-behavior relationships of birds. 18．In what way do the chicks respond differently to the two sounds? A．Sound localization. B．Reaction speed. C．Exploration preference. D．Matching accuracy. 19．What is paragraph 3 mainly about concerning the effect? A．Its historical context. B．Its potential application. C．Its overlooked limitation. D．Its possible explanation. 20．What does Loconsole say about the effect? A．It originated in birds. B．It shows evolutionary tendency. C．It’s shared across species. D．It’s vital to language emergence. 六. （2026·浙江杭州·二模）In recent years, consumers have increasingly sought “clean-label” foods — products made with natural ingredients. This trend has driven scientists to search for safe, natural preservatives. They have turned their attention to a part of the cashew nut (腰果) that is often thrown away — the shell. From it, they extract Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) and find that it contains special natural substances that can fight bacteria and prevent decay (变质). While this dark liquid has been studied for use in industries like paint and medicine, its potential for preserving food had not been fully explored until now. The scientists designed a careful experiment to test whether CNSL could help preserve beef, one of the most widely consumed meats globally. They applied the liquid to beef samples at different concentrations. Some meat was left untreated as controls. The samples were then stored under different conditions — some at room temperature and others in refrigeration — for two weeks. During storage, a detailed microbiological evaluation was conducted to quantify total viable (活菌) counts and specific spoilage organisms, including Pseudomonas spp., Clostridium spp., and Proteus spp. Physicochemical analyses monitored changes in pH and water activity, while bacteria growth was assessed during storage at room temperature. The scientists discovered that the CNSL-treated meat showed significantly less bacterial growth than untreated meat. The effect was strongest at higher concentrations, with a 2.0% solution providing excellent protection while maintaining meat quality. Even at room temperature, it effectively delayed the meat’s souring process and reduced bacteria growth, helping the beef stay fresh-looking longer. The researchers note that further studies are needed to understand whether the liquid affects the taste and texture of the beef, and how it might be combined with modern packaging for even better results. Still, this study opens a window into nature’s own way of keeping food fresh — hidden inside a humble cashew shell. 21．Why are scientists studying cashew nut shells? A．To reduce waste in the food industry. B．To improve the taste of processed foods. C．To find natural alternatives to artificial preservatives. D．To develop new industrial materials for paint and medicine. 22．What was the primary focus of the microbiological evaluation? A．The variety of cashew species. B．The safety of refrigerated beef. C．The changes in pH and water activity. D．The effectiveness of CNSL against bacteria. 23．What does the experiment suggest about CNSL? A．It can improve meat quality over time. B．It performs best at room temperature. C．It speeds up the meat’s souring process. D．Its concentration and the storage life are closely related. 24．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of CNSL? A．Fully convinced. B．Cautiously optimistic. C．Hesitant and doubtful. D．Neutral and objective. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 《2026届高三英语各地模考或重点中学（联考）阅读专项训练二十二（C篇）及答案详解》参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 C D A D B D C B B C 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 D A C C D A B C D C 题号 21 22 23 24 答案 C D D B 一. 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 【难度】0.74 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍细菌自愈技术在历史建筑保护中的应用，以及该技术的优势和未来前景，为建筑保护提供新方案。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“With many of Europe’s famous buildings over a thousand years old, historic building preservation is a very complicated task. It’s expensive and time-consuming to keep the historic architecture in good state of repair.(欧洲许多著名建筑已有上千年历史，历史建筑保护是一项非常复杂的任务。保持历史建筑的良好修缮状态既昂贵又耗时)”可知，历史建筑保护复杂且成本高昂，这凸显了细菌自愈技术的重要性。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Even better, the bacterial treatment didn’t affect the so-called “breathability” of the stone, which is a problem with conventional stone protection treatments. This innovation could be particularly useful for extending the lifespan of critical infrastructure such as bridges and tunnels, thereby making a major contribution to meeting global sustainability goals.(更棒的是，这种细菌处理不会影响石材所谓的“透气性”，而这正是传统石材防护处理存在的问题。这项创新对于延长桥梁、隧道等关键基础设施的使用寿命尤其有用，从而为实现全球可持续发展目标做出重大贡献)”可知，细菌自愈技术最大的优势是能以环保的方式使建筑更耐用。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Looking ahead, self-healing stonework and concrete could even lead to exciting new forms of architecture in the future. “In new construction, the possibility of integrating self-healing materials and structural elements would enable better and more sustainable designs,” said Magdalini Theodoridou, an engineer at Newcastle University.(展望未来，自愈石材和混凝土未来甚至可能催生出令人振奋的全新建筑形式。纽卡斯尔大学工程师玛格达利尼・西奥多里杜表示：“在新建筑中，将自愈材料与结构构件相结合的可能性，将实现更优质、更可持续的设计。”)”可推断，提到玛格达利尼·西奥多里杜是为了强调自愈材料的重要意义。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，并结合第二段“Prior research had already shown that filling concrete with bacterial spores (细菌孢子) creates a kind of self-healing concrete. The spores are mixed into the concrete via tiny capsules (胶囊). When a crack appears in the concrete, the capsules break open. The bacteria then multiply, which produces calcium carbonate, a chemical that eventually hardens into a stable mineral called calcite, which can repair the crack.(此前的研究已经表明，将细菌孢子注入混凝土中可以制造出一种自愈混凝土。这些孢子通过微小的胶囊混入混凝土。当混凝土出现裂缝时，胶囊就会破裂。随后细菌繁殖，产生碳酸钙—— 这种化学物质最终会硬化成一种名为方解石的稳定矿物质，从而修复裂缝)”可知，文章开篇介绍历史建筑保护的难题，随后引出细菌自愈技术，详细说明该技术在石质历史建筑保护中的应用、优势，以及未来前景，核心是介绍建筑保护领域的这一突破性技术。D选项“Self-Healing Stone: A Breakthrough in Building Preservation(自愈石材：建筑保护的一项突破)”能概括全文主旨，适合作为标题。故选D项。 二. 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B 【难度】0.73 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了为什么人们容易记住他人的面孔却难以记住他们的名字，从大脑处理信息的方式、“下一个效应”以及工作记忆的局限性等方面进行了科学分析。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段“But because names are random and hold no specific information in themselves, the brain struggles to remember them.(但因为名字是随机的，本身不包含特定信息，大脑难以记住它们)”可知，名字难以记住是因为名字本身包含的详细信息很少。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段“The video continued to show when meeting people for the first time, many of us focus on introducing ourselves and this is known as the “next-in-line effect”. Instead of watching and listening to the other person, the brain starts focusing on its own routine — what I’ll say and how I’ll say it. As a result we’re not able to take in new information.(这段视频继续展示的是，在初次与人见面时，我们往往会先介绍自己，这就是所谓的“下一个效应”。大脑不再观察和倾听对方，而是开始专注于自己的套路——我要说什么以及怎么说。结果我们无法接收新信息)”可知，“下一个效应”阻碍了新信息的接收。故选D。 7．推理判断题。根据第四段“The video continued to show when meeting people for the first time, many of us focus on introducing ourselves and this is known as the “next-in-line effect”. (这段视频继续展示的是，在初次与人见面时，我们往往会先介绍自己，这就是所谓的“下一个效应”)”及第五段“In an experiment by Texas Christian University, researchers asked people in a group to take turns introducing themselves. They then tested them to see which information they remembered.(在德克萨斯基督教大学的一项实验中，研究人员让一组人轮流介绍自己。随后，他们对这些人进行了测试，以了解他们记住了哪些信息)”可知，第四段提出了“下一个效应”的概念，第五段紧接着介绍了德克萨斯基督教大学的实验。由此推知，这一实验是为了进一步解释和验证第四段提出的“下一个效应”。故选C。 8．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章第一段以问题“为什么容易记住面孔却难以记住名字”引入，第二段介绍视频解释该现象源于大脑处理随意数据的方式，第三段说明名字因随机性而难记，第四、五段解释“下一个效应”，第六段补充工作记忆的局限性。由此可知，全文围绕“为什么记不住别人的名字”这一主题展开。故选B。 三. 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．A 【难度】0.85 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了多用途人工智能代理OpenClaw (“龙虾”)的强大功能，以及其存在的安全隐患，并提出了相应的安全措施建议。 9．词句猜测题。根据第一段“However, these powerful digital assistants are turning on their owners, raising urgent concerns about AI safety. (然而，这些强大的数字助手正在“turning on”它们的主人，引发了人们对人工智能安全的迫切担忧。)”以及后文描述的AI可能带来的安全风险，如自主系统访问、处理不可信输入、窃取或泄露数据等，可推测出“turning on”在此处意为“对……不利”或“与……对抗”，即“going against”。A. Keeping off远离；B. Going against反对，对抗；C. Appealing to吸引；D. Caring for关心。故选B项。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段“According to researchers from Harvard and Stanford, today’s AI agents possess Level 4 autonomy, meaning they can independently complete complex, multi-step tasks. Yet their security judgment remains at basic Level 2, roughly equal to a young kid’s understanding of consequences. (根据哈佛大学和斯坦福大学的研究人员的说法，如今的人工智能代理拥有4级自主性，这意味着它们可以独立完成复杂的多步骤任务。然而，它们的安全判断仍处于基本的2级水平，大致相当于一个小孩对后果的理解。)”可知，存在强自主性和低安全评估之间的不匹配。故选C项。 11．细节理解题。根据第三段“Perhaps the most disturbing was a “constitution attack,” where hidden instructions secretly placed into a behavior guide caused the agent to disable other systems without question. (也许最令人不安的是“宪法攻击”，即隐藏在行为指南中的指令会毫无疑问地使代理禁用其他系统。)”可知，最令人担忧的是OpenClaw会毫无疑问地关闭其他系统。故选D项。 12．细节理解题。根据最后一段“And experts recommend strict safety measures: limit permissions, run agents in separate environments, require human confirmation for destructive actions, and maintain inaccessible backups. (专家建议采取严格的安全措施：限制权限，在独立环境中运行代理，要求对破坏性行为进行人工确认，并保留对AI不可访问的备份。)”可知，专家建议将备份存储在人工智能无法访问的地方。故选A项。 四. 13．C 14．C 15．D 16．A 【难度】0.78 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍电动汽车充电慢的问题、快充面临的技术挑战以及相关科研解决办法和日常使用定位。 13．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“While fueling a gas car takes minutes, charging an EV can take much longer. The fastest public chargers (Level 3) can charge a battery to 80% in about 20 minutes, but slower and more common Level 2 chargers take hours, and Level 1 chargers at home can take days.(给汽油车加油只需要几分钟，而给电动汽车充电则需要长得多的时间。最快的公共充电器（3级）可以在大约20分钟内将电池充到80%，但速度较慢且更常见的2级充电器需要数小时，而家用的1级充电器可能需要数天。)”可知，作者通过对比充电和加油时长来呈现电动汽车普及的问题。故选C项。 14．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“If they move too quickly, they can get “stuck”, reducing efficiency and potentially causing a short circuit or fire. Venkat Srinivasan of Argonne National Laboratory compares this to “getting 100 people into a narrow room” — all trying to pass through one small door. (如果锂离子移动太快，它们可能会“卡住”，降低效率，并有可能导致短路或火灾。美国阿贡国家实验室的 Venkat Srinivasan 将这比作“让100个人进入一个狭窄的房间”—— 所有人都试图穿过一扇小门。)”可知，作者用100人举例是为了说明快充中的物理瓶颈。故选C项。 15．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“By adjusting the current based on the battery’s condition — for example, increasing it when the battery is around 30% charged and resistance is low — researchers at Idaho National Laboratory believe charging can be made both faster and safer. (通过根据电池状态调整电流——例如，当电池充电约30%且电阻较低时增加电流——爱达荷国家实验室的研究人员认为充电可以变得更快更安全。)”可知，更智能的充电软件的关键功能是根据电池状态调整电流。故选D项。 16．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“While research aims to replicate the gas-station experience, experts note that ultra-fast charging will mainly serve long trips or emergencies. For daily use, slower charging at home or work will remain the norm.(尽管研究旨在重现加油站的体验，但专家指出，超快充将主要用于长途旅行或紧急情况。对于日常使用，在家或工作场所慢充仍将是常态。)”可知，超快充在日常生活中对于日常使用基本没有必要。故选A项。 五. 17．B 18．C 19．D 20．C 【难度】0.71 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了“bouba-kiki”效应，即人们会将“bouba”与圆润形状、“kiki”与尖锐形状联系起来；一项新研究发现雏鸡也存在这种音形关联现象，并提出该效应可能源于物体物理属性，同时说明这种能力并非人类独有。 17．细节理解题。根据第一段“But a new study published in Science adds an unexpected finding: baby chickens make these same pairings, suggesting that the link to human language may not be so unique.(但发表在《科学》杂志上的一项新研究有了意外发现：雏鸡也会做出同样的配对，这表明这种与人类语言的关联可能并非人类独有。)”以及第二段对雏鸡实验的描述可知，这项新研究关注的是雏鸡身上的声音与形状的关联。故选B。 18．细节理解题。根据第二段“When the chicks heard ‘bouba,’ 80 percent of them approached the round shape first and spent an average of more than three minutes exploring it compared with an average of just under one minute spent exploring the spiky shape. When the chicks heard ‘kiki,’ the opposite occurred.(当雏鸡听到‘bouba’时，80%会先靠近圆润形状，平均花三分多钟探索它，而探索尖锐形状的时间平均不到一分钟。听到‘kiki’时则相反。)”可知，雏鸡对两种声音的不同反应体现在探索偏好上。故选C。 19．主旨大意题。根据第三段“One long-standing theory that these associations are inspired by the shape your mouth makes when you say each word can now be ruled out, since the chicks showed the effect despite being unable to speak. Instead the “bouba-kiki” effect may originate from the physical properties of objects themselves.(一种长期存在的理论认为，这些关联是由你说每个单词时嘴巴的形状引起的，现在可以排除这种说法，因为小鸡尽管不会说话，但还是表现出了这种效果。相反，“bouba-kiki”效应可能源于物体本身的物理特性。)”可知，本段主要是对该效应产生的原因给出可能的解释。故选D。 20．推理判断题。根据最后一段““Even if language is unique to humans,” Loconsole says, “that doesn’t mean that it comes from an ability that is unique to humans.”(洛康索莱说：“即使语言是人类独有的，这也并不意味着它源自一种人类独有的能力。”)”可知，她认为这种音形关联能力在不同物种间是共有的。故选C。 六. 21．C 22．D 23．D 24．B 【难度】0.66 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家从腰果壳中提取天然物质用于肉类保鲜的研究。 21．细节理解题。根据第一段中“This trend has driven scientists to search for safe, natural preservatives. They have turned their attention to a part of the cashew nut (腰果) that is often thrown away — the shell.(这一趋势促使科学家们寻找安全、天然的防腐剂。他们把注意力转向了腰果中经常被扔掉的一部分——果壳)”可知，科学家研究腰果壳是为了寻找人工防腐剂的天然替代品。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据第三段中“During storage, a detailed microbiological evaluation was conducted to quantify total viable (活菌) counts and specific spoilage organisms, including Pseudomonas spp., Clostridium spp., and Proteus spp. Physicochemical analyses monitored changes in pH and water activity, while bacteria growth was assessed during storage at room temperature. The scientists discovered that the CNSL-treated meat showed significantly less bacterial growth than untreated meat.(在储存过程中，进行了详细的微生物评估，以量化总活菌数和特定的腐败菌，包括假单胞菌属、梭菌属和变形杆菌属。理化分析监测了pH值和水分活性的变化，同时在室温下储存期间评估了细菌的生长情况。科学家们发现，经CNSL处理的肉类比未经处理的肉类细菌生长明显更少)”可知，微生物评估的主要焦点是CNSL对细菌的抑制效果。故选D。 23．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The effect was strongest at higher concentrations, with a 2.0% solution providing excellent protection while maintaining meat quality. Even at room temperature, it effectively delayed the meat’s souring process and reduced bacteria growth, helping the beef stay fresh-looking longer.(这种效果在较高浓度下最强，2.0%的溶液在保持肉质的同时提供了极好的保护。即使在室温下，它也有效地延缓了肉的变酸过程，减少了细菌的生长，帮助牛肉保持新鲜，看起来更久)”可知，实验表明CNSL的浓度与保鲜效果密切相关，浓度越高效果越好。故选D。 24．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The researchers note that further studies are needed to understand whether the liquid affects the taste and texture of the beef, and how it might be combined with modern packaging for even better results. Still, this study opens a window into nature’s own way of keeping food fresh — hidden inside a humble cashew shell.(研究人员指出，需要进一步的研究来了解这种液体是否会影响牛肉的味道和质地，以及如何将其与现代包装相结合以获得更好的效果。尽管如此，这项研究还是打开了一扇窗户，让我们了解大自然自己保持食物新鲜的方式——隐藏在一个不起眼的腰果壳里)”可知，作者认为研究虽需深入，但对CNSL的潜力持谨慎乐观态度。故选B。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $