高中语法复习：定语从句 课件-2026届高三英语二轮复习专项

Author: Miss Liu 高三语法讲练 定语从句 Attributive Clauses 目录 定语从句：核心概念与三要素 关系词用法精讲（代词 / 副词） 限制性 vs 非限制性定语从句 高考必考点：that /which 用法区别 难点突破：介词 + 关系代词 课堂小测（即时巩固） 易错点总结 分层作业（基础 / 提升 / 培优） 一、核心概念 1. 什么是定语从句？ 在句中作定语，修饰名词 / 代词（先行词），相当于形容词，后置。 2. 三要素（必记） 先行词：被修饰的词（人 / 物 / 时间 / 地点 / 原因） 关系词：引导从句，在从句中作成分 从句：用陈述语序 例句：The girl who is standing there is my deskmate. 二、关系词分类 类型 关系词 指代 从句成分 关系代词 who 人 主 / 宾 whom 人 宾语（正式） whose 人 / 物 定语（… 的） which 物 / 句子 主 / 宾 that 人 / 物 主 / 宾 关系副词 when 时间 状语 where 地点 状语 why 原因 状语 ✅ 判断口诀缺主语、宾语→用关系代词缺状语（时间 / 地点 / 原因）→用关系副词 三、关系代词用法 1.who：指人，主 / 宾 The student who studies hard will succeed. 2.whom：指人，只作宾语 The man whom you visited is a writer. 3.whose：… 的（人 / 物） The book whose cover is red is mine. 4.which：指物 The bag which you lost has been found. 5.that：人 / 物都可 This is the best film that I have ever seen. 四、关系副词用法 1.when = 介词 + which（时间） I remember the day when I joined the league. 2.where = 介词 + which（地点） This is the school where I studied three years ago. 3.why = for which（原因，先行词 reason） The reason why he was late is clear. ⚠ 关键：从句不缺主宾，才用副词！ 五、限制性 vs 非限制性（高考必考） 项目 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 标点 无逗号 有逗号 作用 限定，不可省 补充说明，可省 关系词 可用 that，宾语可省 不用 that，不可省 例句 He is the boy that helped me. He helped me, which moved me. 六、高频考点：that /which 区别 1. 只用 that，不用 which（必背 5 条） ① 先行词为不定代词：all, everything, nothing… ② 先行词被最高级 / 序数词修饰 ③ 先行词被 the only, the very 修饰 ④ 先行词既有人又有物 ⑤ 主句是 who/which 疑问句，避免重复 2. 只用 which，不用 that ① 非限制性定语从句 ② 介词 + 关系代词前置 ③ 先行词为 that/those（指物） 七、难点突破：介词 + 关系代词 ✅ 介词来源：动词短语 / 先行词搭配 This is the house in which I live. (= where) The person to whom you spoke is my teacher. The book about which we talked is interesting. ⚠ 规则：介词前置 → 只用 which / whom，不用 that/who 八、课堂小测 一.用正确关系词填空： The book _________ I bought yesterday is good. The woman ______ is standing there is my aunt. I like the room ______ window faces south. This is the factory ______ my father works. He missed the train, ______ made him angry. The first thing ______ I want to do is rest. The girl ______________ you are looking for is over there. This is the reason ______ he didn’t come. that/which who/that whose where which that who/whom/that why/that 二.真题测验 1.（2024 全国甲卷）The museum ______ we visited last week has a long history. A. where B. which C. when D. what 2.（2024 全国乙卷）I will never forget the days ______ I stayed with my grandparents in the countryside. A. which B. that C. when D. where 3.（2023 全国甲卷）The book ______ cover is blue is mine. A. whose B. which C. that D. what 4.（2023 全国乙卷）This is the school ______ I studied for six years. A. that B. where C. which D. what 5.（2022 全国甲卷）Anyone ______ breaks the rules will be punished. A. which B. who C. whom D. whose B C A B B 三.句式合并 ① This is the best English novel I have ever read in my senior high school life. ② I have ever read the book which tells a touching story about friendship and growth.（注意that/which的用法） ① We talked about some interesting people and special things during our trip to the old town. ② We saw the people and things in the old town that are full of traditional culture.（注意先行词既有人又有物） I have a beautiful pen that my father gave me on my 18th birthday which/that is bright red and has a special pattern on its body. The tall boy who/that is standing at the school gate is my elder brother who/that is wearing a black jacket and a pair of white sports shoes. 3. ① The lively and outgoing girl in our class is my good classmate. ② I played basketball with the girl on the school playground after school yesterday.（可尝试“介词+whom”结构） 4. ① The solid and beautiful desk beside my window is made of high-quality wood. ② I put my schoolbag, textbooks and stationery on the desk every day.（可尝试“介词+which”结构） Last weekend, we visited a large factory which/that is in the industrial area of our city and produces all kinds of electric cars and environmental protection vehicles. The kind-hearted woman whom/that we met at the entrance of the People's Hospital when we went to see our teacher is a famous doctor in our city. 九、易错点提醒 关系词必须在从句中作成分，不作成分是错句 非限制性从句绝对不用 that 介词前置 → 只用 which/whom whose 表所属，不可随便替换 when/where/why 不作主语或宾语 Thanks! $