Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单元测试（浙江专用）2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 围绕“Nature's Temper”单元主题，以撒哈拉沙漠、极端天气、海啸等自然现象与灾害为真实情境，综合考查语言理解、表达及问题解决能力，适配八年级下学期单元复习，凸显语言能力与思维品质培育。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|40分|细节理解、推理判断、主旨归纳|选用2024极端天气等时效性素材，设图表题（如温度变化）考查信息转化能力| |完形填空|15分|动词、名词等词汇辨析，上下文逻辑|以海啸救援故事为载体，通过情节发展考查语境理解与思维连贯性| |书面表达|20分|事件描述、合理想象|结合暴雨经历提示，要求整合信息并创造性表达，提升语言输出与思维创新能力|

2026春八年级下学期 Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单元测试 （浙江专用） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 第一部分 听力理解（共三节，满分20分） （略） 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Can you imagine a sea of sand three times bigger than India? It is the Sahara Desert (撒哈拉沙漠), the largest desert in the world. It covers 11 countries in North Africa and is over 9 million square kilometres. That’s more than 30% of Africa. In the Sahara, temperatures are very different during the day and at night. It is much hotter during the day than at night. During the day, the hottest time is between 2 pm and 4 pm, when the temperature rises to 33℃. But it is very cold at night. The coldest time is at 4 am, when the temperature falls to -1℃. How to stay alive in the Sahara Desert? Marco Rivera, our survival expert, has some tips. First, take warm clothes and a blanket. During the day, cover your body, head and face. Clothes protect you from the sun and keep water in your body. You will also need a warm blanket at night. It can get cold very quickly. Second, try to drink some water at least once every hour. You need your water to last as long as possible. Drink only what you need. Third, try to close your mouth and not to talk. When you talk, you lose water from your body. Last, eat as little as you can, because if you eat, you will get thirsty and drink all of your water more quickly. You can live for three weeks with no food, but you can only live for three days without water. 1．The writer introduces the topic in Paragraph 1 by________. A．telling stories B．listing numbers C．giving examples D．making a survey 2．According to paragraph 2, which of the following is TRUE? A． B． C． D． 3．What can we know from the passage? A．The Sahara Desert covers 9 countries in North Africa. B．In the Sahara Desert, you can talk and eat as usual. C．In the Sahara Desert, you don’t need a warm blanket at night. D．In the Sahara Desert, water is more important than food. B Heatwaves and Floods: The Two Faces of Climate Change In the summer of 2024, the world experienced extreme weather. In some places, it was too hot. In others, it rained too much. Scientists say this is because of climate change. In North America and Southern Europe, temperatures reached over 45°C． The heat was dangerous. It caused wildfires that burned down forests and homes. The air became smoky and hard to breathe. People were told to stay inside and drink lots of water. The heat also dried up rivers. Farmers lost their crops because there was no water for the plants. At the same time, in Asia, heavy rains caused terrible floods. In countries like India and China, rivers overflowed. Whole villages were underwater. Thousands of people had to leave their homes. The floods destroyed roads and bridges, making it hard for rescue teams to help. Why is this happening? The earth is getting warmer. A warmer atmosphere can hold more water vapor. This leads to heavier rain. Also, higher temperatures dry out the land, making wildfires start more easily. “We are seeing nature’s temper more often,” said a climate scientist. “We need to reduce pollution and prepare for these disasters.” 4．What happened in North America and Southern Europe in the summer of 2024? A．Heavy floods. B．Terrible snowstorms. C．Extreme heatwaves. D．Strong earthquakes. 5．How did the heat affect the rivers? A．They became dirty. B．They dried up. C．They overflowed. D．They froze. 6．Why does a warmer atmosphere lead to heavier rain? A．Because it holds more water vapor. B．Because it makes the wind stronger. C．Because it melts the ice in the sea. D．Because it creates more clouds. 7．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Wildfires are dangerous. B．Floods destroy villages. C．Climate change causes extreme weather. D．Farmers need more water. C A tsunami (海啸) is one of the most powerful forces in nature. The word comes from Japanese, meaning “harbor wave.” Unlike normal waves caused by wind, a tsunami is usually caused by an earthquake under the sea. When the sea floor moves suddenly during an earthquake, it pushes the water above it. This creates a series of waves. In the deep ocean, these waves can travel as fast as a jet plane (about 800 km/h). However, the waves are not very high, so ships at sea might not even feel them. The danger comes when the waves reach the shore. As the water gets shallower, the waves slow down, but they grow much taller. They can become walls of water 30 meters high. When they hit the land, they can destroy everything in their path. Before a tsunami hits, the water at the beach often pulls back very far. This is a natural warning sign. If you see this, you must run to high ground immediately. Do not wait. Do not go to the beach to look at the fish. Run. 8．What usually causes a tsunami? A．Strong wind. B．An earthquake under the sea. C．A typhoon. D．A volcano on land. 9．How fast can a tsunami travel in the deep ocean? A．As fast as a car. B．As fast as a bike. C．As fast as a jet plane. D．As fast as a walking man. 10．What happens to the waves when they reach the shore? A．They become faster and lower. B．They become slower and higher. C．They disappear. D．They turn into rain. 11．What should you do if the water at the beach pulls back suddenly? A．Go to catch fish. B．Take photos. C．Run to high ground. D．Wait for the wave. D It was April 1912. The Titanic, the largest ship in the world, was sailing across the Atlantic Ocean. It was a beautiful, cold night. The sea was as smooth as glass. There was no wind. The radio operators on the Titanic received messages from other ships. “Iceberg warning,” the messages said. “Large icebergs ahead.” But the operators were busy sending messages for the rich passengers. They did not give the warnings to the captain immediately. The ship was moving fast. Suddenly, a lookout saw a huge iceberg right in front of them. “Iceberg, right ahead!” he shouted. The ship turned, but it was too late. The ice tore a hole in the side of the ship. Water began to fill the bottom of the ship. The captain realized the ship would sink. There were not enough lifeboats for everyone. It was a tragedy. More than 1,500 people died in the cold water. The Titanic was called “unsinkable,” but nature proved otherwise. The calm sea and the beautiful night hid a deadly danger. It was a lesson that the world would never forget: never ignore the warnings of nature. 12．How was the sea on the night of the accident? A．Rough and windy. B．Calm and smooth. C．Stormy and dark. D．Foggy and wet. 13．Why didn’t the captain get the iceberg warnings immediately? A．The radio was broken. B．The operators were busy. C．The other ships were too far. D．The captain didn’t want to know. 14．What does the underlined word “tragedy” mean? A．A happy event. B．A surprising event. C．A sad event. D．A funny event. 15．What lesson did the world learn from the Titanic? A．Ships should be bigger. B．Icebergs are beautiful. C．We should respect and listen to nature’s warnings. D．The Atlantic Ocean is dangerous. 第二节 任务型阅读（共5题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面材料，从选项中所给的A—E五个选项中选出正确选项（其中一项是多余选项），将其序号填入小题，并回答最后小题。 Natural disasters may happen at any time. When natural disasters happen, you might find yourself without water, food and power. Here are some suggestions. First, know what disasters may happen in your area. You should learn about the types of disasters that are common in your city. It is also a good way to follow local news and weather reports. Second, make an emergency plan. Plan a way to get your family members together if you can’t find each other when the disaster happens. Pick one place right outside your home for sudden emergencies and the other one outside of your neighbourhood. Third, get a family survival kit (救生包) ready. For example, water, food, medicine and some useful tools. Besides, pack some special things for the old or the young of your family. Then, keep the survival kit in a place where everyone can find it easily. It is impossible to stop natural disasters, but if you prepare more, you can protect yourself and your loved ones better. A．In these ways, you can know possible risks. B．So you should get prepared before the disaster comes. C．Choose two places to go if it isn’t safe to stay at home. D．It should include some necessary things your family needs. E．By taking these steps, you can improve your chances of surviving. 16． 17． 18． 19． 20．What do you do to prepare for natural disasters?（不超过15词） 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） The December day started like any other. Papa came back with his boat full of fish. Mama made breakfast for the family. Seven-year-old Joonas was doing his homework, while his two little brothers ran around the yard. That day seemed peaceful, but Alejo 21 better. Alejo felt shaking in his legs, and his ears perked up, listening for what had already 22 . Alejo made a crying sound, and Mama said, “Sh!” Alejo barked (吠), and Joonas complained, “Quiet, I’m trying to 23 .” Suddenly, a strange roaring (轰鸣) sound began. Papa ran to a nearby building’s roof to 24 what was happening. But Alejo knew better. The shaking of the ground 25 up his padded paws (肉掌). He wanted to run, but he didn’t dare to leave his family. “Why were they 26 ? Didn’t they know that a great earthquake had roared under the ocean and would soon bring strong waves onto the land?” Alejo thought. And then Papa shouted with 27 from the rooftop, “Tsunami (海啸)! Run!” Mama cried, “Sons, come on!” She grabbed a little one under each arm. “Joonas, run! You’re fast and strong. Follow me up the 28 . Fast!” But the roar had gotten louder, 29 her words. All that Joonas had heard was, “Run!” And he ran back home where he thought he would be 30 . Alejo barked and barked, but the tsunami made it 31 to hear his voice, too. Alejo gently bit Joonas’s feet, but the boy wouldn’t move. “ 32 ,” Joonas pushed the dog away, but Alejo would not give up. He grabbed Joonas’s shirt in his 33 . He pulled and pulled until his mouth broke. With all his strength, he pulled Joonas back outside and hit him from behind. Finally, the boy 34 . Alejo ran towards the hill, looking back to make sure Joonas was following. They raced up hill as the huge wall of 35 ran after them. Alejo and Joonas didn’t stop running until they reached higher up the hill and met their family. And they had a mother-father-brothers-dog thankful hug. 21．A．knew B．grew C．ate D．became 22．A．returned B．moved C．started D．stopped 23．A．sleep B．speak C．think D．listen 24．A．deal with B．find out C．worry about D．look through 25．A．held B．pushed C．woke D．travelled 26．A．cooking B．waiting C．playing D．complaining 27．A．pain B．anger C．pity D．fear 28．A．hill B．roof C．boat D．land 29．A．passing on B．cutting off C．breaking down D．leaving out 30．A．warm B．brave C．safe D．free 31．A．hard B．possible C．late D．clear 32．A．Run B．Go C．Come D．Look 33．A．feet B．paws C．teeth D．legs 34．A．refused B．understood C．promised D．escaped 35．A．wood B．sand C．stone D．water 第二节 词汇运用（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次。 rescue;  hero;  thank;  successful;  plenty of Yesterday, a big rainstorm hit our city. The heavy rain made the river nearby get flooded. 36 people were trapped (困住) in their homes. Help came quickly. The firefighters and volunteers used boats to reach people’s homes. The water was very deep and dirty. But the 37 were brave. They tried their best to save every life. One of them said, “We must 38 people who are in danger as soon as possible, no matter how difficult the conditions are.” They beat the flood by working as a team. They saved many families and pets 39 . All the people were very 40 . Nature may bring disasters, but human hearts bring comfort. sorry  little  life  sudden  get  late  review  without  check  help A sudden mudslide hit the mountain village last month. When Mr. Li was working in his office, the ground 41 shook. He quickly ran out of the building. He felt lucky to be alive, but he was 42 for what happened to his neighbors. After the mudslide, Mr. Li 43 a call from his friend working in another village. The friend asked Mr. Li 44 on his family. However, Mr. Li’s house had fallen down. He asked over 20 people for 45 , but it was too 46 . All his family members had lost their 47 . A student named Xiao Ming was doing a final 48 in the classroom when he heard the noise. He ran out 49 shoes or a coat. After the shaking stopped, teachers led the students to the playground. “Seeing more rescue workers arriving, I feel 50 afraid,” Xiao Ming said. 第三节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中单词的正确形式。 Earthquakes can occur anytime without warning, 51 it is important to be prepared and know how to protect yourself. When the earth begins to shake, stay calm. If you are inside, get under a table or bed 52 (protect) yourself from falling objects. Do not stand near walls 53 windows. Stay out of the kitchen and never get into a lift. If you are outside, get to an open area as fast as you can. Stay away 54 buildings and trees. If you are in a vehicle, drive to a safe place far from trees or tall buildings. If you are close to the sea, try to get as far away from the water 55 possible. After the earthquake is over, there is still plenty of danger. If you see a fire, quickly move outdoors 56 an open area. Keep an eye out for things that can fall on you. Only make necessary phone calls, because too many calls will bring down the phone 57 (system). Staying calm 58 (improve) your chances of survival. It is not easy, 59 it can save your life. Remember these tips and you will know how 60 (stay) safe in an earthquake. 第四部分 书面表达（共1小题，满分20分） 61．请根据以下提示以“A rainstorm”为题，写一篇有关暴雨的短文。 提示：去年6月25日，一场暴雨袭击了我的家乡。当时我正在学校上课，因为雨大，王老师让我们早点回家。在回家的路上，我看见许多人在车站等车。一阵大风吹跑了我的雨伞……大雨下了整整一夜，第二天…… 要求： 1.根据提示内容进行合理想象； 2.短文不少于70词。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026春八年级下学期 Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单元测试 （浙江专用） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 第一部分 听力理解（共三节，满分20分） （略） 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Can you imagine a sea of sand three times bigger than India? It is the Sahara Desert (撒哈拉沙漠), the largest desert in the world. It covers 11 countries in North Africa and is over 9 million square kilometres. That’s more than 30% of Africa. In the Sahara, temperatures are very different during the day and at night. It is much hotter during the day than at night. During the day, the hottest time is between 2 pm and 4 pm, when the temperature rises to 33℃. But it is very cold at night. The coldest time is at 4 am, when the temperature falls to -1℃. How to stay alive in the Sahara Desert? Marco Rivera, our survival expert, has some tips. First, take warm clothes and a blanket. During the day, cover your body, head and face. Clothes protect you from the sun and keep water in your body. You will also need a warm blanket at night. It can get cold very quickly. Second, try to drink some water at least once every hour. You need your water to last as long as possible. Drink only what you need. Third, try to close your mouth and not to talk. When you talk, you lose water from your body. Last, eat as little as you can, because if you eat, you will get thirsty and drink all of your water more quickly. You can live for three weeks with no food, but you can only live for three days without water. 1．The writer introduces the topic in Paragraph 1 by________. A．telling stories B．listing numbers C．giving examples D．making a survey 2．According to paragraph 2, which of the following is TRUE? A． B． C． D． 3．What can we know from the passage? A．The Sahara Desert covers 9 countries in North Africa. B．In the Sahara Desert, you can talk and eat as usual. C．In the Sahara Desert, you don’t need a warm blanket at night. D．In the Sahara Desert, water is more important than food. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 【导语】本文介绍了撒哈拉沙漠，重点介绍了如何在撒哈拉沙漠中生存下来。 1．第一段“It covers 11 countries in North Africa and is over 9 million square kilometres. That’s more than 30% of Africa.”列举了很多数字来介绍主题。 2．第二段“During the day, the hottest time is between 2 pm and 4 pm, when the temperature rises to 33℃.”描述了白天最高温度在下午2点到4点之间，且达到33度，“The coldest time is at 4 am, when the temperature falls to -1℃.”描述了最低温度在凌晨4点，且可以降到-1度，因此图片C符合描述。 3．最后一段“You can live for three weeks with no food, but you can only live for three days without water.”表明在撒哈拉沙漠水比食物更重要。 B Heatwaves and Floods: The Two Faces of Climate Change In the summer of 2024, the world experienced extreme weather. In some places, it was too hot. In others, it rained too much. Scientists say this is because of climate change. In North America and Southern Europe, temperatures reached over 45°C． The heat was dangerous. It caused wildfires that burned down forests and homes. The air became smoky and hard to breathe. People were told to stay inside and drink lots of water. The heat also dried up rivers. Farmers lost their crops because there was no water for the plants. At the same time, in Asia, heavy rains caused terrible floods. In countries like India and China, rivers overflowed. Whole villages were underwater. Thousands of people had to leave their homes. The floods destroyed roads and bridges, making it hard for rescue teams to help. Why is this happening? The earth is getting warmer. A warmer atmosphere can hold more water vapor. This leads to heavier rain. Also, higher temperatures dry out the land, making wildfires start more easily. “We are seeing nature’s temper more often,” said a climate scientist. “We need to reduce pollution and prepare for these disasters.” 4．What happened in North America and Southern Europe in the summer of 2024? A．Heavy floods. B．Terrible snowstorms. C．Extreme heatwaves. D．Strong earthquakes. 5．How did the heat affect the rivers? A．They became dirty. B．They dried up. C．They overflowed. D．They froze. 6．Why does a warmer atmosphere lead to heavier rain? A．Because it holds more water vapor. B．Because it makes the wind stronger. C．Because it melts the ice in the sea. D．Because it creates more clouds. 7．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Wildfires are dangerous. B．Floods destroy villages. C．Climate change causes extreme weather. D．Farmers need more water. 【答案】4．C 5．B 6．A 7．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了2024年夏季由气候变化引发的极端天气及其影响与成因。 4．第二段“In North America and Southern Europe, temperatures reached over 45°C.”表明这两个地区在2024年夏季遭遇了极端热浪。 5．第二段“The heat also dried up rivers.”指出高温导致河流干涸。 6．第四段“A warmer atmosphere can hold more water vapor. This leads to heavier rain.”说明更温暖的大气能容纳更多水蒸气，从而引发更强降雨。 7．第一段“Scientists say this is because of climate change.”及全文可知，本文主要讲述了气候变化引发了热浪、洪水这类极端天气。 C A tsunami (海啸) is one of the most powerful forces in nature. The word comes from Japanese, meaning “harbor wave.” Unlike normal waves caused by wind, a tsunami is usually caused by an earthquake under the sea. When the sea floor moves suddenly during an earthquake, it pushes the water above it. This creates a series of waves. In the deep ocean, these waves can travel as fast as a jet plane (about 800 km/h). However, the waves are not very high, so ships at sea might not even feel them. The danger comes when the waves reach the shore. As the water gets shallower, the waves slow down, but they grow much taller. They can become walls of water 30 meters high. When they hit the land, they can destroy everything in their path. Before a tsunami hits, the water at the beach often pulls back very far. This is a natural warning sign. If you see this, you must run to high ground immediately. Do not wait. Do not go to the beach to look at the fish. Run. 8．What usually causes a tsunami? A．Strong wind. B．An earthquake under the sea. C．A typhoon. D．A volcano on land. 9．How fast can a tsunami travel in the deep ocean? A．As fast as a car. B．As fast as a bike. C．As fast as a jet plane. D．As fast as a walking man. 10．What happens to the waves when they reach the shore? A．They become faster and lower. B．They become slower and higher. C．They disappear. D．They turn into rain. 11．What should you do if the water at the beach pulls back suddenly? A．Go to catch fish. B．Take photos. C．Run to high ground. D．Wait for the wave. 【答案】8．B 9．C 10．B 11．C 【导语】本文介绍了海啸的成因、深海传播特点、抵达海岸时的变化以及海啸来临前的预警信号和应对措施。 8．根据第一段最后一句“Unlike normal waves caused by wind, a tsunami is usually caused by an earthquake under the sea.”，直接说明海啸通常由海底地震引发。 9．根据第二段第三句“In the deep ocean, these waves can travel as fast as a jet plane (about 800 km/h).”，明确给出了海啸在深海的传播速度，对应选项C。 10．根据第三段第二句“As the water gets shallower, the waves slow down, but they grow much taller.”，说明海浪抵达海岸时会减速、变高，对应选项B。 11．根据第四段第二、三句“This is a natural warning sign. If you see this, you must run to high ground immediately.”，说明遇到海水突然退去时应立即跑到高处，对应选项C。 D It was April 1912. The Titanic, the largest ship in the world, was sailing across the Atlantic Ocean. It was a beautiful, cold night. The sea was as smooth as glass. There was no wind. The radio operators on the Titanic received messages from other ships. “Iceberg warning,” the messages said. “Large icebergs ahead.” But the operators were busy sending messages for the rich passengers. They did not give the warnings to the captain immediately. The ship was moving fast. Suddenly, a lookout saw a huge iceberg right in front of them. “Iceberg, right ahead!” he shouted. The ship turned, but it was too late. The ice tore a hole in the side of the ship. Water began to fill the bottom of the ship. The captain realized the ship would sink. There were not enough lifeboats for everyone. It was a tragedy. More than 1,500 people died in the cold water. The Titanic was called “unsinkable,” but nature proved otherwise. The calm sea and the beautiful night hid a deadly danger. It was a lesson that the world would never forget: never ignore the warnings of nature. 12．How was the sea on the night of the accident? A．Rough and windy. B．Calm and smooth. C．Stormy and dark. D．Foggy and wet. 13．Why didn’t the captain get the iceberg warnings immediately? A．The radio was broken. B．The operators were busy. C．The other ships were too far. D．The captain didn’t want to know. 14．What does the underlined word “tragedy” mean? A．A happy event. B．A surprising event. C．A sad event. D．A funny event. 15．What lesson did the world learn from the Titanic? A．Ships should be bigger. B．Icebergs are beautiful. C．We should respect and listen to nature’s warnings. D．The Atlantic Ocean is dangerous. 【答案】12．B 13．B 14．C 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了1912年泰坦尼克号因忽视冰山警告而沉没的悲剧，警示人们永远不要忽视大自然的警告。 12．第一段提到“The sea was as smooth as glass. There was no wind.”，说明海面平静无风。 13．第二段提到“the operators were busy sending messages for the rich passengers. They did not give the warnings to the captain immediately.”，说明操作员忙于为富有的乘客发送信息，没有及时将警告转达给船长。 14．第四段提到“More than 1,500 people died in the cold water.”，超过1500人在冰冷的海水中丧生，因此“tragedy”意为“悲惨事件”。 15．最后一段提到“never ignore the warnings of nature”，说明世界从泰坦尼克号事件中学到应该尊重并倾听大自然的警告。 第二节 任务型阅读（共5题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面材料，从选项中所给的A—E五个选项中选出正确选项（其中一项是多余选项），将其序号填入小题，并回答最后小题。 Natural disasters may happen at any time. When natural disasters happen, you might find yourself without water, food and power. Here are some suggestions. First, know what disasters may happen in your area. You should learn about the types of disasters that are common in your city. It is also a good way to follow local news and weather reports. Second, make an emergency plan. Plan a way to get your family members together if you can’t find each other when the disaster happens. Pick one place right outside your home for sudden emergencies and the other one outside of your neighbourhood. Third, get a family survival kit (救生包) ready. For example, water, food, medicine and some useful tools. Besides, pack some special things for the old or the young of your family. Then, keep the survival kit in a place where everyone can find it easily. It is impossible to stop natural disasters, but if you prepare more, you can protect yourself and your loved ones better. A．In these ways, you can know possible risks. B．So you should get prepared before the disaster comes. C．Choose two places to go if it isn’t safe to stay at home. D．It should include some necessary things your family needs. E．By taking these steps, you can improve your chances of surviving. 16． 17． 18． 19． 20．What do you do to prepare for natural disasters?（不超过15词） 【答案】16．B 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．Practise the emergency plan regularly with my family. 【导语】本文介绍了自然灾害来临前的三项准备建议：了解本地可能发生的灾害、制定家庭应急计划并选择两个集合地点、准备包含必需品的家庭救生包，以更好地保护自己和家人。 16．第一段提到自然灾害发生时可能缺乏水、食物和电力，后文给出建议，因此此处需要引出“应该提前准备”的观点。选项B“So you should get prepared before the disaster comes.”符合语境，作为总起句衔接下文。 17．第二段讲述了解当地可能发生的灾害以及关注新闻和天气预报，此处应总结这样做的好处。选项A“In these ways, you can know possible risks.”直接说明通过这些方式可以了解可能的风险，与上文逻辑一致。 18．第三段讲述制定应急计划，包括如果找不到家人怎么办，以及选择两个集合地点。选项C“Choose two places to go if it isn’t safe to stay at home.”与文中“Pick one place right outside your home... and the other one outside of your neighbourhood”完全对应。 19．第四段讲述准备家庭救生包，后文列举了水、食物、药品等物品。选项D“It should include some necessary things your family needs.”说明救生包应包含必需品，与下文举例衔接自然。 20．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，结合对“自然灾害”的看法，合理作答即可。 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） The December day started like any other. Papa came back with his boat full of fish. Mama made breakfast for the family. Seven-year-old Joonas was doing his homework, while his two little brothers ran around the yard. That day seemed peaceful, but Alejo 21 better. Alejo felt shaking in his legs, and his ears perked up, listening for what had already 22 . Alejo made a crying sound, and Mama said, “Sh!” Alejo barked (吠), and Joonas complained, “Quiet, I’m trying to 23 .” Suddenly, a strange roaring (轰鸣) sound began. Papa ran to a nearby building’s roof to 24 what was happening. But Alejo knew better. The shaking of the ground 25 up his padded paws (肉掌). He wanted to run, but he didn’t dare to leave his family. “Why were they 26 ? Didn’t they know that a great earthquake had roared under the ocean and would soon bring strong waves onto the land?” Alejo thought. And then Papa shouted with 27 from the rooftop, “Tsunami (海啸)! Run!” Mama cried, “Sons, come on!” She grabbed a little one under each arm. “Joonas, run! You’re fast and strong. Follow me up the 28 . Fast!” But the roar had gotten louder, 29 her words. All that Joonas had heard was, “Run!” And he ran back home where he thought he would be 30 . Alejo barked and barked, but the tsunami made it 31 to hear his voice, too. Alejo gently bit Joonas’s feet, but the boy wouldn’t move. “ 32 ,” Joonas pushed the dog away, but Alejo would not give up. He grabbed Joonas’s shirt in his 33 . He pulled and pulled until his mouth broke. With all his strength, he pulled Joonas back outside and hit him from behind. Finally, the boy 34 . Alejo ran towards the hill, looking back to make sure Joonas was following. They raced up hill as the huge wall of 35 ran after them. Alejo and Joonas didn’t stop running until they reached higher up the hill and met their family. And they had a mother-father-brothers-dog thankful hug. 21．A．knew B．grew C．ate D．became 22．A．returned B．moved C．started D．stopped 23．A．sleep B．speak C．think D．listen 24．A．deal with B．find out C．worry about D．look through 25．A．held B．pushed C．woke D．travelled 26．A．cooking B．waiting C．playing D．complaining 27．A．pain B．anger C．pity D．fear 28．A．hill B．roof C．boat D．land 29．A．passing on B．cutting off C．breaking down D．leaving out 30．A．warm B．brave C．safe D．free 31．A．hard B．possible C．late D．clear 32．A．Run B．Go C．Come D．Look 33．A．feet B．paws C．teeth D．legs 34．A．refused B．understood C．promised D．escaped 35．A．wood B．sand C．stone D．water 【答案】 21．A 22．C 23．C 24．B 25．D 26．B 27．D 28．A 29．B 30．C 31．A 32．B 33．C 34．B 35．D 【导语】本文讲述了一只名叫Alejo的狗在地震和海啸来临前感知到危险，竭尽全力引导小主人Joonas逃往高地，最终全家安全团聚的故事。 21．句意：那天看似平静，但Alejo心里明白事实并非如此。 后文描述Alejo感觉到了地震和海啸，说明他知道情况不妙。knew意为“知道”，符合语境。 22．句意：Alejo感到腿在震动，他竖起耳朵，倾听着已经发生的事情。 地震已经发生，他竖起耳朵听“已经发生”的事，即“开始发生”。started意为“开始”，符合语境。 23．句意：安静点，我正在努力思考。 上文提到Joonas在做作业，因此需要“思考”。think意为“思考”，符合语境。 24．句意：爸爸跑到附近建筑物的屋顶去查明发生了什么。 前一句提到有奇怪的轰鸣声，所以要去查明发生了什么。find out意为“查明，弄清楚”，符合搭配。 25．句意：大地的震动传递到了他肉肉的爪子上。 结合常识，震动“传递”到爪子上，应用travelled，意为“传递”，符合语境。 26．句意：他们为什么还在等待？ 狗狗很着急，人类却毫无察觉，还在原地等待。waiting意为“等待”，符合语境。 27．句意：然后爸爸在屋顶上惊恐地喊道：“海啸！快跑！” 面对海啸，爸爸应是“惊恐地”呼喊。fear意为“恐惧”，with fear意为“恐惧地”，符合语境。 28．句意：跟着我上山。快！ “Alejo ran towards the hill”表明海啸来了，应该逃往高处，应是“上山”。hill意为“山”，符合语境。 29．句意：但轰鸣声越来越大，打断了她的话语。 轰鸣声越来越大，淹没了她的话。cutting off意为“切断，盖过”，符合语境。 30．句意：然后他跑回了家，他认为在那里他会很安全。 Joonas误解了妈妈的话，认为家里是“安全的”。safe意为“安全的”，符合语境。 31．句意：Alejo不停地叫，但海啸也让他的声音难以被听到。 海啸声太大了，让它的声音难以被听到。hard意为“困难的”，符合语境。 32．句意：“走开，”Joonas推开狗，但Alejo不肯放弃。 根据“pushed the dog away”可知，Joonas让狗走开，应用Go，在这里表示“走开、别烦我”。 33．句意：他用牙齿咬住Joonas的衬衫。 根据后文“until his mouth broke”可知，嘴破裂了，说明是用牙齿咬住Joonas的衬衫。teeth意为“牙齿”，符合语境。 34．句意：最后，男孩明白了。 狗一直拽他、撞他，Joonas终于懂了。understood意为“明白，懂得”，符合语境。 35．句意：他们向山上跑去，巨大的水墙在他们身后追赶。 海啸是由“水”形成的巨浪。water意为“水”，符合语境。 第二节 词汇运用（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次。 rescue;  hero;  thank;  successful;  plenty of Yesterday, a big rainstorm hit our city. The heavy rain made the river nearby get flooded. 36 people were trapped (困住) in their homes. Help came quickly. The firefighters and volunteers used boats to reach people’s homes. The water was very deep and dirty. But the 37 were brave. They tried their best to save every life. One of them said, “We must 38 people who are in danger as soon as possible, no matter how difficult the conditions are.” They beat the flood by working as a team. They saved many families and pets 39 . All the people were very 40 . Nature may bring disasters, but human hearts bring comfort. 【答案】36．Plenty of 37．heroes 38．rescue 39．successfully 40．thankful 【导语】本文讲述了暴雨引发洪水后，消防员和志愿者救援被困人员的故事，展现了人性的温暖与力量。 36．句意：许多人被困在了他们的家中。“… people were trapped in their homes”，句中需要修饰people的词，结合暴雨洪水的语境，应表示“许多”；备选词plenty of意为“大量的、许多的”，可修饰可数名词复数，符合语境。 37．句意：但是英雄们很勇敢。“But the … were brave”，文章提到消防员和志愿者努力救人，此处需要表示人物的复数名词；备选词hero意为“英雄”，复数形式heroes符合语境。 38．句意：我们必须尽快营救处于危险中的人们，无论环境多么艰难。“We must … people who are in danger as soon as possible”，句中must后需接动词原形，结合救援的语境，应表示“营救”；备选词rescue意为“营救、救援”，符合语境。 39．句意：他们成功地拯救了许多家庭和宠物。“They saved many families and pets …”，句中需要修饰动词saved的副词，表示“成功地”；备选词successful的副词形式successfully符合语境。 40．句意：所有人都非常感激。“All the people were very …”，句中需要形容词作表语，结合被救援的语境，应表示“感激的”；备选词thank的形容词形式thankful符合语境。 sorry  little  life  sudden  get  late  review  without  check  help A sudden mudslide hit the mountain village last month. When Mr. Li was working in his office, the ground 41 shook. He quickly ran out of the building. He felt lucky to be alive, but he was 42 for what happened to his neighbors. After the mudslide, Mr. Li 43 a call from his friend working in another village. The friend asked Mr. Li 44 on his family. However, Mr. Li’s house had fallen down. He asked over 20 people for 45 , but it was too 46 . All his family members had lost their 47 . A student named Xiao Ming was doing a final 48 in the classroom when he heard the noise. He ran out 49 shoes or a coat. After the shaking stopped, teachers led the students to the playground. “Seeing more rescue workers arriving, I feel 50 afraid,” Xiao Ming said. 【答案】 41．suddenly 42．sorry 43．got 44．to check 45．help 46．late 47．lives 48．review 49．without 50．less 【导语】本文讲述了上个月一场突如其来的泥石流袭击山村时，李先生和学生小明的不同经历，展现了灾难发生时的场景与人们的状态。 41．句意：当李先生在办公室工作时，地面突然晃动了。此处修饰动词shook，需用副词，sudden的副词形式为suddenly，意为 “突然地”，符合“泥石流发生时地面突然晃动”的语境，因此用suddenly。 42．句意：他为自己能活下来感到幸运，但他为邻居们的遭遇感到难过。be sorry for是固定搭配，意为“为……感到难过 / 遗憾”，符合“邻居遭遇不幸，李先生感到难过”的语境，因此用sorry。 43．句意：泥石流过后，李先生接到了在另一个村庄工作的朋友的电话。get a call是固定搭配，意为“接到电话”，文章时态为一般过去时，get的过去式为got。 44．句意：朋友让李先生确认一下他的家人（是否安全）。ask sb. to do sth.是固定结构，意为“让某人做某事”，check on是固定搭配，意为“检查、确认（情况）”，因此用to check。 45．句意：他向 20 多个人求助，但为时已晚。ask sb. for help是固定搭配，意为“向某人求助”，help无需变形。 46．句意：但为时已晚。too late是固定表达，意为“太晚了”，符合 “家人已遇难，求助为时已晚”的语境。 47．句意：他所有的家人都失去了生命。life表示“生命”时是可数名词，their后接可数名词复数，life的复数形式为lives，因此用 lives。 48．句意：一个叫小明的学生正在教室里进行期末复习时，听到了声响。do a final review意为“进行期末复习”，review 此处为名词，意为“复习”，因此用review原形即可。 49．句意：他没穿鞋、没穿外套就跑了出去。without是介词，意为“没有”，后接名词shoes or a coat，符合“紧急逃生时没穿衣物” 的语境。 50．句意：“看到更多救援人员到来，我不那么害怕了。”小明说。此处修饰形容词afraid，需用副词，little的副词形式为less，意为“更少地”，表示“恐惧快速消散”，符合语境，因此用less。 第三节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中单词的正确形式。 Earthquakes can occur anytime without warning, 51 it is important to be prepared and know how to protect yourself. When the earth begins to shake, stay calm. If you are inside, get under a table or bed 52 (protect) yourself from falling objects. Do not stand near walls 53 windows. Stay out of the kitchen and never get into a lift. If you are outside, get to an open area as fast as you can. Stay away 54 buildings and trees. If you are in a vehicle, drive to a safe place far from trees or tall buildings. If you are close to the sea, try to get as far away from the water 55 possible. After the earthquake is over, there is still plenty of danger. If you see a fire, quickly move outdoors 56 an open area. Keep an eye out for things that can fall on you. Only make necessary phone calls, because too many calls will bring down the phone 57 (system). Staying calm 58 (improve) your chances of survival. It is not easy, 59 it can save your life. Remember these tips and you will know how 60 (stay) safe in an earthquake. 【答案】 51．so 52．to protect 53．or 54．from 55．as 56．to 57．system 58．improves 59．but 60．to stay 【导语】本文介绍了地震发生时的安全防护知识，包括室内、室外、行车中及震后的避险措施，强调保持冷静对生存的重要性。 51．句意：地震可能毫无预兆地随时发生，所以做好准备并知道如何保护自己很重要。前后两句为因果关系，前半句说明原因，后半句引出结果，故填连词so。 52．句意：如果你在室内，躲到桌子或床下以保护自己免受坠落物体的伤害。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示躲到桌子或床下的目的，用to protect。 53．句意：不要站在墙壁或窗户附近。此处表示选择关系，意为“墙壁或窗户”，故填并列连词or。 54．句意：远离建筑物和树木。固定搭配“stay away from”表示 “远离……”，用介词from。 55．句意：如果你在海边，尽量离水越远越好。固定搭配“as...as possible”表示“尽可能……”。 56．句意：如果你看到火灾，迅速到户外的开阔区域去。此处表示方向，意为 “去往开阔区域”，填介词to。 57．句意：只打必要的电话，因为太多电话会使电话系统瘫痪。“phone system” 为固定搭配，意为 “电话系统”，此处用单数形式即可，用system。 58．句意：保持冷静能提高你的生存几率。主语“Staying calm”为动名词短语，作主语时谓语动词用单数；句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时improves。 59．句意：这并不容易，但它能救你的命。前后两句为转折关系，用连词but。 60．句意：记住这些提示，你就会知道如何在地震中保持安全。“how to do sth.”为固定结构，表示“如何做某事”，用to stay。 第四部分 书面表达（共1小题，满分20分） 61．请根据以下提示以“A rainstorm”为题，写一篇有关暴雨的短文。 提示：去年6月25日，一场暴雨袭击了我的家乡。当时我正在学校上课，因为雨大，王老师让我们早点回家。在回家的路上，我看见许多人在车站等车。一阵大风吹跑了我的雨伞……大雨下了整整一夜，第二天…… 要求： 1.根据提示内容进行合理想象； 2.短文不少于70词。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 A rainstorm A strong rainstorm hit my hometown. It happened on June 25th last year when we were having classes at school. Because it rained heavily, Mr.Wang asked us to go home early. On my way home, I saw many people waiting for the bus at the station. A strong wind blew away my umbrella. I nearly fell down. When I got home, I was all wet. It rained for the whole night. On the second day, the rainwater was everywhere. The flood washed away many trees and stones. The traffic was very bad because of the rainstorm. We were all late for school. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙文，用一般过去时 明确要点：暴雨时间、回家路上的见闻、第二天的景象 确定人称：第一人称（I） 注意事项：需根据提示内容进行合理想象，词数不少于70 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：介绍暴雨的时间和场景 第二段：介绍回家路上的见闻 第三段：介绍第二天的景象 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：暴雨时间和场景 发生的时间：on June 25th last year 正在做的事情：were having classes at school 老师安排：asked us to go home early 要点二：回家路上的见闻 人们的状态：waiting for the bus at the station 我的状态：blew away my umbrella/nearly fell down/got completely wet等 要点三：第二天的景象 景象描述：the rainwater was everywhere/washed away many trees and stones/the traffic was very bad/the streets were full of fallen trees and deep water/had to walk carefully to work or school等 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $