Unit 5 测试卷 （浙江专用）-【易考点-满分冲刺】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元测 易错重难点 考前特训（人教版）

考前特训 2026年八年级下册 第五单元 测试卷（浙江专用） 英语（笔试部分） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的班级、姓名和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔在“准考证号”栏相应位置填涂自己的准考证号。 2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节；满分40分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项。 A We are asking for help because of the terrible floods in Libya. On Sunday, September 10, a big storm named Daniel hit the northeast part of Libya. It brought strong winds and very heavy rain. This caused sudden and very bad floods. The floods were so strong that they were like huge waves, and they destroyed (摧毁) everything in their way. In Derna, two dams (大坝) were broken, and the three-meter-high floods destroyed the whole neighborhoods. Thousands of people died, and bridges, buildings, and important things like roads were badly damaged (损坏). The eastern cities of Benghazi, Sousa, and Al-Marj also had big floods and need help quickly. People really need our help right now. If you can, please make a donation (捐赠) today. Click https://donate.redcross.org.cn and donate to Libya now. 1．How many cities are mentioned (提及) in the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 2．Why did the writer write the passage? A．To ask for help. B．To tell people to keep safe. C．To invite people to visit Libya. D．To tell people not to go to Libya. 3．Who might write this passage? A．A student. B．A news reporter. C．A story writer. D．A science teacher. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了利比亚因名为“丹尼尔”的强风暴引发严重洪水，德尔纳等多个城市受灾，造成大量人员伤亡与设施损毁，作者呼吁人们通过红十字会捐款援助受灾民众的情况。 1．细节理解题。根据“In Derna, two dams (大坝) were broken ...”及“The eastern cities of Benghazi, Sousa, and Al-Marj also had big floods and need help quickly.”可知，文中提到了德尔纳、班加西、苏萨和阿尔马吉四个城市。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“We are asking for help because of the terrible floods in Libya.”及“If you can, please make a donation (捐赠) today.”可知，作者写这篇文章是为了寻求帮助，呼吁人们捐款援助利比亚受灾民众。故选A。 3．推理判断题。本文报道了利比亚洪水灾情并呼吁捐款援助，属于新闻类文章，因此可推测作者是一名新闻记者。故选B。 B We should all have at least one fire extinguisher in our house or office building. However, it’s not enough to simply keep an extinguisher somewhere. We should study this guide carefully and review it often to be ready for a sudden fire. Here is what we should do when a fire suddenly breaks out. (1) Have a clear exit route (疏散路线) Make sure you have a clear exit route. If you cannot put out the fire, you will need to make a safe exit. (2) Report the fire Even if the fire appears manageable (可控制的), you should always have the firemen on the way. Once they arrive, they can check to see if the fire is put out. (3) Stand back You should stay between 1.8 and 2.5 meters away from the flames (火焰) as you prepare to use the fire extinguisher. (4) Use the extinguisher It can be difficult to think clearly during a fire. One way to help you remember how to use an extinguisher is to remember “PASS”: P-Pull: Pull the pin on the fire extinguisher. ◆A-Aim (瞄准): Point the nozzle at the bottom of the fire. S-Squeeze (挤压): Squeeze the handle to let out the extinguishing chemicals. S-Sweep: Sweep the nozzle from side to side until the fire is put out. (5) ▲ After the fire appears to be out, continue to watch the fire area to make sure it doesn’t start burning again. If the fire starts again, repeat the “PASS”. (6) Get to a safe place Once the fire is out, or if you are unable to put it out, find a place out of the reach of the fire. 4．What is the text about? A．How to report a big fire. B．How to use an extinguisher. C．How to keep an extinguisher. D．How to deal with a sudden fire. 5．Which order of the pictures describes “PASS”? A．③②④① B．②①④③ C．②④③① D．③①④② 6．Which is the most proper for “ ▲ ”? A．Keep an eye on the fire B．Look for a safe place C．Stay away from the fire D．Repeat the PASS 7．In which theme (主题) activity can the text be used (被使用)? A．A better self. B．Safety with me. C．Young scientists. D．Home, sweet home. 【答案】4．D 5．C 6．A 7．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了一份火灾应对指南，详细说明了当火灾突然发生时应该采取的步骤，包括确保疏散路线、报警、保持距离、灭火器的使用方法以及灭火后的观察和撤离。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Here is what we should do when a fire suddenly breaks out.”可知，文章明确指出了接下来的内容是关于当火灾突然发生时我们应该采取的措施。全文随后列举的六个步骤“Have a clear exit route (疏散路线)…Report the fire…Stand back…Use the extinguisher…”均是围绕应对突发火灾展开的。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“Pull the pin on the fire extinguisher.”可知，第一步是拔掉插销，对应图片②（手正在拔掉灭火器上的环状插销）；根据“Point the nozzle at the bottom of the fire.”可知，第二步是将喷嘴对准火源底部，对应图片④（喷嘴指向火焰根部）；根据“Squeeze the handle to let out the extinguishing chemicals.”可知，第三步是按压手柄喷出化学物质，对应图片③（手向下按压手柄）；根据“Sweep the nozzle from side to side until the fire is put out.”可知，第四步是左右扫射喷嘴，对应图片①（喷嘴在左右摆动）。由此可知，正确的图片顺序是②④③①。故选C。 6．推理判断题。根据“After the fire appears to be out, continue to watch the fire area to make sure it doesn’t start burning again.”可知，这一步的核心指令是继续观察，以防止复燃。选项A“密切注视火情”与文中“continue to watch”意思一致，概括了该段落的内容。故选A。 7．推理判断题。根据“We should study this guide carefully and review it often to be ready for a sudden fire.”以及全文关于如何安全逃生、如何使用灭火器的具体指导可知，这是一篇关于消防安全的教育文本，旨在提高人们的安全意识和自救能力。因此，该文本最可能出现在以“安全”为主题的活动中。选项B“安全伴我行”符合该主题。故选B。 C My dad and I went hiking in the mountain. We enjoyed the fresh air and decided to stay in the hotel for two days. However, I had one of the most terrible experiences of my life! A storm woke me up early. I got up and looked out of the window of our hotel. I listened to the thunder and watched the lightning. It wasn’t scary at that time—it was exciting! But then I looked at my phone and saw on the news that a hurricane was coming. I asked my dad what a hurricane was and asked him if he knew what to do. He told me not to worry because a hurricane was just a big storm. We stayed in our hotel room and by the afternoon, there was even more rain. And the winds were getting stronger and stronger. In the evening, a hotel worker asked all the visitors to go to the dining hall. When we were all inside, we put tables in front of the doors and then we got down on the floor together in the corner. We waited and waited. The winds got louder, the rain became heavier and then it suddenly went dark. I was so startled that I held (抓住) my dad’s hand. We stayed there for a long time. Finally, morning arrived. The storm was over. I felt so happy that we were safe. I hope I will never have a night like that again. 8．The writer learned what a hurricane was ________. A．on his phone B．in the newspaper C．from his father D．on the computer 9．What does the underlined word “startled” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Happy. B．Afraid. C．Bored. D．Excited. 10．How did the writer’s feelings change in the passage? A．Excited→worried→scared→happy. B．Worried→excited→happy→scared. C．Scared→excited→worried→happy. D．Happy→excited→worried→scared. 11．What’s the best title for the passage? A．A Nice Hotel Worker B．A Piece of Bad News C．Visiting a Special Hotel D．Experiencing a Hurricane 【答案】8．C 9．B 10．A 11．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和父亲在山中徒步旅行时遭遇飓风的经历。 8．细节理解题。根据第二段“I asked my dad what a hurricane was and asked him if he knew what to do.”可知，作者从父亲那里了解到了飓风是什么。故选C。 9．词句猜测题。根据第三段“I was so startled that I held my dad’s hand.”以及上下文可知，当时风越来越大、雨越来越猛，还突然停电了，作者抓住了爸爸的手，这种情境下的情绪是害怕的；因此，划线单词“startled”在这里意为“受惊的、害怕的”，与“afraid”同义。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据第一段“It wasn’t scary at that time—it was exciting!”，第二段“He told me not to worry...”，第三段“I was so startled that I held my dad’s hand.”以及第四段“I felt so happy that we were safe.”可知，作者的情感变化是兴奋→担心→害怕→开心。故选A。 11．最佳标题题。综全全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者和父亲在山中徒步旅行时经历飓风的过程和感受，选项D“经历一场飓风”概括了全文主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D。 D These years, the world has seen more and more natural disasters. Floods sweep through villages, droughts dry up farmlands, and strong storms destroy houses. These disasters bring great harm to people’s lives. Many lose their homes and have to move to safe places. Some even lose their family members. Crops die in the fields, so food becomes hard to get. Schools close, roads break, and people can’t work or study as usual. Clean water also becomes scarce in disaster-hit areas. Why do these disasters happen so often? One main reason is human activities. People cut down too many trees to build houses or make paper. Factories and cars give off dirty smoke and waste water, polluting the air and rivers. We also overuse natural resources (自然资源) like coal and oil. All these actions break nature’s balance. When nature can’t stand it anymore, it fights back with disasters. We must learn to live with nature, not against it. Let’s plant more trees—they can stop floods and keep the air fresh. Save water and energy: turn off lights when leaving rooms, and don’t waste water while washing hands. Protect wild animals, as they help keep ecosystems balanced (生态系统平衡). Use public transport more instead of driving cars to cut pollution. Nature is our only home. If we care for it well, disasters will become fewer. People can live safely and happily for a long time. Small actions from everyone can make a big difference. Let’s work together to keep harmony (和谐) between humans and nature. 12．Which natural disasters are mentioned in the passage? A．Earthquakes and wildfires. B．Floods, droughts and storms. C．Tsunamis and snowstorms. D．Landslides and sandstorms. 13．What harm do natural disasters bring? A．People’s homes are destroyed. B．More crops grow well. C．People become richer. D．Water becomes more abundant. 14．What human activity causes problems for nature according to the passage? A．Planting more trees. B．Cutting down too many trees. C．Saving water and energy. D．Protecting wild animals. 15．What can we do to protect nature? A．Drive cars every day. B．Waste water while washing. C．Use public transport more. D．Cut down trees for paper. 【答案】12．B 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文首先指出近年来洪水、干旱、强风暴等自然灾害频发，给人类生活造成了家园被毁、人员伤亡、粮食短缺等严重危害；接着分析灾害频发的核心原因；最后提出“与自然和谐共处”的具体行动建议，呼吁人们通过共同行动减少灾害，维护人与自然的和谐共生。 12．细节理解题。根据“Floods sweep through villages, droughts dry up farmlands, and strong storms destroy houses.”可知，文章提及洪水、干旱和强风暴三种自然灾害。故选B。 13．细节理解题。根据“Many lose their homes and have to move to safe places.”可知，自然灾害会导致人们的家园被摧毁。故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据“People cut down too many trees to build houses or make paper.”可知，“砍伐过多的树木”是破坏自然的人类活动。故选B。 15．细节理解题。根据“Use public transport more instead of driving cars to cut pollution.”可知，“多使用公共交通”是保护大自然的做法。故选C。 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，将下面的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的，并完成第20小题。 Hey! I’m an octopus! Let me tell you about my amazing body! I’m all muscle (肌肉), which makes me good at moving. 16 I can swim through the tiniest holes fast. But wait, there’s more! You won’t believe this. 17 I have a large central heart and two smaller ones on either side. And my brain? It’s super cool. It only holds about 1/3 of my nerve cells (神经细胞). 18 So each of my arms can think and I can do different things at once. My best trick? 19 Quickly! I can change my skin. Quickly! I can change my colour and create cool patterns (图案) all over my body. This helps me hide from danger. How cool is that? A．I have three hearts! B．I am a very fast-moving animal. C． The rest are in my eight arms. D．Look! How quickly I change! E. It means I’m very strong and fast. If you could have one body feature (特征) of an octopus, which would you like to have? Why? (不超过15词) 20 【答案】16．E 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．I’d like to have its changing skin because it helps me hide from danger. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，以章鱼的口吻介绍了其身体特征，包括肌肉发达、运动敏捷、有三颗心脏、大脑结构特殊以及变色伪装的能力。 16．根据前文“I’m all muscle, which makes me good at moving.”可推知，此处应说明肌肉带来的具体优势。选项E“这意味着我非常强壮且迅速”直接解释前文，符合逻辑。故选E。 17．根据后文“I have a large central heart and two smaller ones on either side.”可推知，此处应引出章鱼拥有三颗心脏这一惊人事实。选项A“我有三颗心脏”与后文完全对应。故选A。 18．根据前文“It only holds about 1/3 of my nerve cells.”及后文“So each of my arms can think…”可推知，此处应说明其余神经细胞的分布位置。选项C“其余的神经细胞在我的八条手臂里”完美衔接上下文。故选C。 19．根据后文“Quickly! I can change my skin. Quickly! I can change my colour...”可推知，此处应总领并强调变色能力的迅速。选项D“看！我变化得多快”符合语境。故选D。 20．本题为开放性提问，需基于文章描述的章鱼身体特征 (如强壮敏捷、三颗心脏、手臂能独立思考、快速变色等)，选择一种特征并简要说明理由。故填I’d like to have its changing skin because it helps me hide from danger. 第二部分 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，理解其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Jason and his father were going to the store by car. It was a(n) 21 day. The 22 was dark but there were few clouds. As they drove up the street, there started to be a loud sound heard across the ground 23 . Jason’s father realized that a tornado was coming. He stopped the car and told Jason to get out quickly. Jason and his father made their way to a 24 building. At this time the wind was blowing harder. Debris (碎片) was falling all over the place. Jason couldn’t see his 25 anymore. He also realized that he wasn’t getting to the building 26 enough. He was afraid the wind would 27 him up and throw him into the air. 28 he made his way towards the building, he noticed a ditch to his right. He scrambled (爬) to the ditch and 29 on the ground. More debris 30 overhead. His heart was beating hard, and he was 31 . He had never been in a tornado before. After a while, the wind died down and the loud sound was gone. Jason slowly 32 his head and nervously looked around. What he saw was a great mess. Jason could 33 recognize (认出) the buildings in front of him. He 34 up and with shaky legs walked into the building, where he saw his dad. He ran across the room and held dad in his arms. “Jason! How are you? I’ve been worried about you!” said his father. “I couldn’t find you anywhere just now!” Jason 35 a sigh of relief (松了一口气) and sat down. He did have a story to tell! 21．A．excellent B．unusual C．happy D．important 22．A．sky B．night C．street D．room 23．A．quickly B．luckily C．suddenly D．usually 24．A．old B．tall C．nearby D．beautiful 25．A．car B．dad C．way D．friend 26．A．slowly B．high C．quickly D．well 27．A．call B．clean C．fix D．pick 28．A．If B．As C．Although D．Until 29．A．lay B．fell C．beat D．hit 30．A．flew B．dropped C．rose D．sat 31．A．upset B．crazy C．nervous D．strange 32．A．raised B．shook C．nodded D．turned 33．A．almost B．hardly C．easily D．clearly 34．A．woke B．stood C．jumped D．looked 35．A．heard B．felt C．let D．breathed 【答案】 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．C 25．B 26．C 27．D 28．B 29．A 30．A 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．B 35．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了Jason和父亲在开车途中遭遇龙卷风，Jason在危急时刻躲进沟里得以幸存，最终与父亲重逢的故事。 21．句意：那是不寻常的一天。 excellent优秀的；unusual不寻常的；happy开心的；important重要的。根据下文“Jason and his father realized that a tornado was coming”可知，这一天发生了龙卷风，是不寻常的一天。故选B。 22．句意：天空很暗，但几乎没有云。 sky天空；night夜晚；street街道；room房间。根据“dark but there were few clouds”可知，描述的是天空的景象。故选A。 23．句意：当他们沿着街道行驶时，突然听到地面上传来一声巨响。 quickly快速地；luckily幸运地；suddenly突然；usually通常。龙卷风的到来是突发的，因此地面上的巨响也是突然发生的。故选C。 24．句意：Jason和他的父亲走向附近的一栋建筑。 old旧的；tall高的；nearby附近的；beautiful漂亮的。根据常识可知，在龙卷风来临的紧急情况下，他们应会选择去最近的建筑躲避。故选C。 25．句意：Jason 再也看不到他的爸爸了。 car汽车；dad爸爸；way路；friend朋友。根据“Jason’s father realized that…”可知，Jason和父亲一起躲避龙卷风，此处指他和父亲走散了。故选B。 26．句意：他也意识到自己没有足够快地到达那栋建筑。 slowly缓慢地；high高地；quickly快速地；well好地。根据“He was afraid the wind would pick him up and throw him into the air”可知，他担心自己来不及到达安全地点，所以应是无法足够快到达。故选C。 27．句意：他担心风会把他卷起，抛到空中。 call呼叫；clean打扫；fix修理；pick捡起。根据“afraid the wind would... him up and throw him into the air”可知，此处指被龙卷风卷起，短语“pick sb. up”意为“把某人卷起/提起”，符合龙卷风的威力描述。故选D。 28．句意：当他朝建筑物走去时，他注意到右边有一条沟。 If如果；As当……时候；Although虽然；Until直到。根据“he made his way towards the building”可知，此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当他朝建筑物走去时”。故选B。 29．句意：他爬到沟里，躺在地上。 lay躺；fell落下；beat击打；hit撞击。根据“on the ground”可知，为了躲避龙卷风，他爬到沟里并躺在地上。故选A。 30．句意：更多的碎片从头顶飞过。 flew飞；dropped落下；rose升起；sat坐。根据上文“the wind was blowing harder”和龙卷风的场景可知，强风会将碎片卷起并在空中快速飞过，“flew”能准确体现碎片在龙卷风作用下的运动状态。故选A。 31．句意：他的心跳得很厉害，他很紧张。 upset沮丧的；crazy疯狂的；nervous紧张的；strange奇怪的。根据“His heart was beating hard”和“He had never been in a tornado before”可知，他感到很紧张。故选C。 32．句意：Jason 慢慢地抬起头，紧张地环顾四周。 raised抬起；shook摇晃；nodded点头；turned转动。根据“his head and nervously looked around”可知，在风势减弱后，他抬起头来观察周围的情况。故选A。 33．句意：Jason几乎认不出他面前的建筑了。 almost几乎；hardly几乎不；easily容易地；clearly清楚地。根据“What he saw was a great mess”可知，龙卷风造成了巨大破坏，使他几乎认不出眼前的建筑。故选B。 34．句意：他站起来，迈着颤抖的腿走进了大楼，在那里他看到了他的爸爸。 woke醒来；stood站；jumped跳；looked看。根据“…up and with shaky legs walked into the building”可知，他之前躺在沟里，现在站起来走进大楼。故选B。 35．句意：Jason松了一口气，坐了下来。 heard听到；felt感觉；let让；breathed呼吸。根据“ ...a sigh of relief”可知，暂时安全了，Jason也找到了爸爸，所以是松了一口气，短语“breathe a sigh of relief”意为“松了一口气”，是固定搭配。故选D。 第三部分 英语知识运用（本题有25 小题, 每小题1分, 共计 25 分） A. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次（每空一词）。 finally, understand, volunteer, important, give up Dear Opal, This week I learned something 36 . I learned that everyone can make a big difference. Let me tell you how. It rained hard all week. Then last night, it became a flood (洪水). Mr. Ruiz found the problem right away. The flood wall in our neighborhood was about to burst! Everyone started to fill and stack (堆) sandbags. But the water was rising fast. More 37 were needed, so I offered to help. We stacked hundreds of sandbags. But the situation didn’t improve. The water kept going higher and higher. Nobody 38 , though. We all did our duty and kept working hard. 39 , the rain stopped. We all cheered. Our neighborhood was saved! Boy, I was tired, but I felt good, too. My help made a difference and we all 40 the importance of working together. Your friend, Kemal 【答案】36．important 37．volunteers 38．gave up 39．Finally 40．understood 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。凯末尔写信向奥珀尔讲述了暴雨时期，小区居民共同对抗洪水的经历。 36．句意：这周我学到了一些重要的东西。根据“I learned that everyone can make a big difference.”可知，此处指作者学到的重要的道理，应用形容词important“重要的”作定语修饰不定代词something。故填important。 37．句意：需要更多的志愿者，所以我主动提出帮忙。根据“More...were needed, so I offered to help.”可知，需要更多的志愿者帮忙，应用可数名词volunteer“志愿者”的复数形式。故填volunteers。 38．句意：然而，没有人放弃。根据“We all did our duty and kept working hard.”可知，没有人放弃，动词短语give up“符合句意”，本句时态为一般过去时，动词give应用过去式。故填gave up。 39．句意：最后，雨停了。根据“the rain stopped.”可知，此处说的是最后的结果，应用副词finally“最后”作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Finally。 40．句意：我的帮助发挥了作用，我们都明白了共同努力的重要性。根据“My help made a difference and we all...the importance of working together.”可知，作者明白了共同努力的重要性，本句时态为一般过去时，动词understand“理解，明白”应用过去式。故填understood。 B. 根据下列文章及所给的汉语注释，写出各单词的正确、完全形式（每空限填一词）。 It started as a common afternoon. Students were reading in classrooms when the earth 41 (突然) began to shake. At 2:28 pm on May 12, 2008, a serious earthquake (地震) 42 (击；打) Wenchuan. Within seconds, almost all buildings fell down. Many people 43 (躺) under fallen buildings. The first hour after the earthquake was filled with scary 44 (沉默). Those people who were 45 (残疾) in the nursing homes couldn’t leave their beds. 46 (生病) kids in the broken rooms of the hospitals weakly called for their parents. Those who survived (幸存) felt deeply 47 (孤独), holding family photos in their arms. But hope arrived with the morning sun. Feeling 48 (焦虑；担忧) but determined (坚定的), rescue teams (救援队) rushed in from across China. Kind 49 (邻居) shared their last bottles of water. Volunteers built places for the homeless. As weeks passed, the full 50 (真相) about the earthquake came out—over 69,000 lives lost, but a great number of miracles (奇迹) too. A mother protected her baby under her body for three days. A teacher saved all his students by holding the classroom door open. Today, new schools stand where fallen houses once were. The lesson remains clear: When darkness falls, human courage always lights the way. 【答案】 41．suddenly 42．hit 43．lay 44．silence 45．disabled 46．Sick 47．lonely 48．anxious/worried 49．neighbors/neighbours 50．truth 【导语】本文讲述了2008年5月12日汶川地震发生时的惨烈场景，以及地震后人们在困境中相互支援、展现出的勇气与希望，最终提及震后重建的景象，凸显了人类在灾难面前的坚韧与团结。 41．句意：学生们正在教室里读书，突然大地开始摇晃。suddenly“突然”，副词修饰动词began。故填suddenly。 42．句意：2008年5月12下午2点28分，一场严重的地震袭击了汶川。hit“击；打；袭击”，动词。根据时间状语“On May 12, 2008”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，hit的过去式仍为hit。故填hit。 43．句意：许多人躺在倒塌的建筑物下面。lie“躺”，动词。此处描述地震发生时的情况，应用一般过去时，lie的过去式为lay。故填lay。 44．句意：地震后的第一个小时充满了可怕的寂静。silence“沉默”，不可数名词，作介词with的宾语。故填silence。 45．句意：养老院里那些残疾的人无法离开他们的床。disabled“残疾的”，形容词作定语修饰those people。故填disabled。 46．句意：医院破损房间里生病的孩子虚弱地呼唤着他们的父母。sick“生病的”，形容词作定语修饰kids，句首首字母大写。故填Sick。 47．句意：那些幸存者怀里抱着家庭照片，感到深深的孤独。lonely“孤独的”，形容词作表语，强调主观感受。故填lonely。 48．句意：救援队怀着焦虑但坚定的心情，从中国各地赶来。anxious/worried“焦虑；担忧”，形容词作表语，描述人的感受。故填anxious/worried。 49．句意：善良的邻居们分享了他们最后的几瓶水。neighbor/neighbour“邻居”，可数名词。根据“their”可知，此处应用复数形式。故填neighbors/neighbours。 50．句意：几周后，关于地震的全部真相浮出水面 —— 超过69, 000人丧生，但也有许多奇迹。truth“真相”，不可数名词，作主语。故填truth。 C. 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中单词的正确形式。 Ben could hear strong winds outside his home in Alabama. Black clouds were making the sky very dark. With no light outside, it felt 51 midnight. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area. Everyone in the neighbourhood was busy. Ben’s dad was putting 52 (piece) of wood over the windows while his mum was making sure the flashlights and radio 53 (work). She also put some candles and matches on the table. Ben was helping his mum make dinner when 54 rain began to beat heavily against the windows. After dinner, they tried to play a card game,   55 it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside. Ben could not sleep at first. He 56 (final) fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. When he woke up, the sun 57 (rise). He went outside with his family and found the neighbourhood in a mess. Fallen trees, 58 (break) windows and rubbish were everywhere. They joined the neighbours 59 (help) clean up the neighbourhood together. Although the storm broke many things apart, it 60 (bring) families and neighbours closer together. 【答案】 51．like 52．pieces 53．were working 54．the 55．but 56．finally 57．was rising 58．broken 59．to help 60．brought 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Ben一家在暴风雨来临前、暴风雨期间以及暴风雨过后的经历和感受。 51．句意：外面没有光线，感觉像午夜一样。此处表示“像……一样”，需用介词like。felt like“感觉像”符合语境。故填like。 52．句意：本的爸爸正在把一块块木板钉在窗户上。pieces of wood“一块块木板”是名词短语，piece在此表示“块，片”，需用复数形式pieces。故填pieces。 53．句意：而他妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机能正常工作。make sure后接宾语从句，从句描述当时正在进行的动作，且主句是过去进行时，从句也应用过去进行时“was/were+现在分词”结构。主语flashlights and radio是复数，助动词用were，work的现在分词是working。故填were working。 54．句意：当时雨开始猛烈地敲打窗户。此处特指当时正在下的那场雨，需用定冠词the修饰rain。故填the。 55．句意：他们试图玩纸牌游戏，但外面正发生着严重的暴风雨，很难玩得开心。前后两个分句为转折关系。but“但是”是连词，符合语境。故填but。 56．句意：当风在凌晨3点左右逐渐减弱时，他终于睡着了。此处修饰动词fell asleep，需用副词形式。final“最后的”，其副词是finally“最终，终于”。故填finally。 57．句意：当他醒来时，太阳正在升起。when引导时间状语从句，从句woke up是一般过去时，主句描述当时正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时“was/were+现在分词”结构。主语the sun是单数，助动词用was，rise的现在分词是rising。故填was rising。 58．句意：倒下的树木、破碎的窗户和垃圾随处可见。此处修饰名词windows，需用形容词作定语。break“打破”的过去分词broken“破碎的”可用作形容词。故填broken。 59．句意：他们和邻居们一起帮忙清理社区。此处表示加入邻居的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。help“帮助”需用其不定式形式to help。故填to help。 60．句意：尽管暴风雨把许多东西都摧毁了，但它让家人和邻居们的关系更紧密了。句子缺少谓语动词，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。bring“带来”的过去式是brought。故填brought。 第四部分 书面表达（共20分） 61．自然灾害时有发生，而且发生得很突然，很难预警。请你以“地震”为主题，根据下表提示，写一篇80词左右的英语主题报告，给同学们提供一些地震逃生的建议。 室内 室外 *不要从高楼上跳下； *可以藏在桌下，要远离窗户、沉重的家具； *地面停止晃动时，要快速离开。 *远离桥梁、树木、路灯或电线； *在车里时，应待在里面； *在山里时，要当心落石。 另外，要保持冷静，勇敢而且也要乐于助人。 注意事项： (1) 必须包含以上内容，但可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； (2) 结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 What to Do in an Earthquake ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ If you follow the advice, you can be safe and help save others. 【答案】例文 What to Do in an Earthquake Earthquakes always happen suddenly and are hard to predict. It’s very important for us to know how to protect ourselves during an earthquake.   If you’re indoors, never jump from high buildings. Hide under a strong table and stay far away from windows and heavy furniture. Leave the building quickly when the ground stops shaking.   If you’re outdoors, keep away from bridges, trees, street lights and power lines. Stay inside your car if you are in it. In the mountains, be careful of falling rocks. Try to stay calm, brave and ready to help others. If you follow the advice, you can be safe and help save others. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇“材料作文”； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：介绍室内、室外的地震逃生建议，同时强调保持冷静与乐于助人。 [写作步骤] 第一步，点明地震的突发性，引出掌握逃生方法的重要性； 第二步，分别阐述室内、室外的具体逃生建议； 第三步，强调要保持冷静、勇敢并乐于助人。 [亮点词汇] ①suddenly突然地 ②predict预测 ③protect保护 ④furniture家具 ⑤calm冷静的 [高分句型] ①It’s very important for us to know how to protect ourselves during an earthquake.（“it’s + 形容词 + for sb. to do”句型点明掌握逃生方法的重要性，句式规范且表意明确） ②If you’re indoors, never jump from high buildings. Hide under a strong table and stay far away from windows and heavy furniture.（用“if”引导条件句分场景给出建议，祈使句直接点明具体做法，条理清晰易理解） 1 / 15乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 2026年八年级下册 第五单元 测试卷（浙江专用） 英语（笔试部分） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的班级、姓名和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔在“准考证号”栏相应位置填涂自己的准考证号。 2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节；满分40分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项。 A We are asking for help because of the terrible floods in Libya. On Sunday, September 10, a big storm named Daniel hit the northeast part of Libya. It brought strong winds and very heavy rain. This caused sudden and very bad floods. The floods were so strong that they were like huge waves, and they destroyed (摧毁) everything in their way. In Derna, two dams (大坝) were broken, and the three-meter-high floods destroyed the whole neighborhoods. Thousands of people died, and bridges, buildings, and important things like roads were badly damaged (损坏). The eastern cities of Benghazi, Sousa, and Al-Marj also had big floods and need help quickly. People really need our help right now. If you can, please make a donation (捐赠) today. Click https://donate.redcross.org.cn and donate to Libya now. 1．How many cities are mentioned (提及) in the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 2．Why did the writer write the passage? A．To ask for help. B．To tell people to keep safe. C．To invite people to visit Libya. D．To tell people not to go to Libya. 3．Who might write this passage? A．A student. B．A news reporter. C．A story writer. D．A science teacher. B We should all have at least one fire extinguisher in our house or office building. However, it’s not enough to simply keep an extinguisher somewhere. We should study this guide carefully and review it often to be ready for a sudden fire. Here is what we should do when a fire suddenly breaks out. (1) Have a clear exit route (疏散路线) Make sure you have a clear exit route. If you cannot put out the fire, you will need to make a safe exit. (2) Report the fire Even if the fire appears manageable (可控制的), you should always have the firemen on the way. Once they arrive, they can check to see if the fire is put out. (3) Stand back You should stay between 1.8 and 2.5 meters away from the flames (火焰) as you prepare to use the fire extinguisher. (4) Use the extinguisher It can be difficult to think clearly during a fire. One way to help you remember how to use an extinguisher is to remember “PASS”: P-Pull: Pull the pin on the fire extinguisher. ◆A-Aim (瞄准): Point the nozzle at the bottom of the fire. S-Squeeze (挤压): Squeeze the handle to let out the extinguishing chemicals. S-Sweep: Sweep the nozzle from side to side until the fire is put out. (5) ▲ After the fire appears to be out, continue to watch the fire area to make sure it doesn’t start burning again. If the fire starts again, repeat the “PASS”. (6) Get to a safe place Once the fire is out, or if you are unable to put it out, find a place out of the reach of the fire. 4．What is the text about? A．How to report a big fire. B．How to use an extinguisher. C．How to keep an extinguisher. D．How to deal with a sudden fire. 5．Which order of the pictures describes “PASS”? A．③②④① B．②①④③ C．②④③① D．③①④② 6．Which is the most proper for “ ▲ ”? A．Keep an eye on the fire B．Look for a safe place C．Stay away from the fire D．Repeat the PASS 7．In which theme (主题) activity can the text be used (被使用)? A．A better self. B．Safety with me. C．Young scientists. D．Home, sweet home. C My dad and I went hiking in the mountain. We enjoyed the fresh air and decided to stay in the hotel for two days. However, I had one of the most terrible experiences of my life! A storm woke me up early. I got up and looked out of the window of our hotel. I listened to the thunder and watched the lightning. It wasn’t scary at that time—it was exciting! But then I looked at my phone and saw on the news that a hurricane was coming. I asked my dad what a hurricane was and asked him if he knew what to do. He told me not to worry because a hurricane was just a big storm. We stayed in our hotel room and by the afternoon, there was even more rain. And the winds were getting stronger and stronger. In the evening, a hotel worker asked all the visitors to go to the dining hall. When we were all inside, we put tables in front of the doors and then we got down on the floor together in the corner. We waited and waited. The winds got louder, the rain became heavier and then it suddenly went dark. I was so startled that I held (抓住) my dad’s hand. We stayed there for a long time. Finally, morning arrived. The storm was over. I felt so happy that we were safe. I hope I will never have a night like that again. 8．The writer learned what a hurricane was ________. A．on his phone B．in the newspaper C．from his father D．on the computer 9．What does the underlined word “startled” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Happy. B．Afraid. C．Bored. D．Excited. 10．How did the writer’s feelings change in the passage? A．Excited→worried→scared→happy. B．Worried→excited→happy→scared. C．Scared→excited→worried→happy. D．Happy→excited→worried→scared. 11．What’s the best title for the passage? A．A Nice Hotel Worker B．A Piece of Bad News C．Visiting a Special Hotel D．Experiencing a Hurricane D These years, the world has seen more and more natural disasters. Floods sweep through villages, droughts dry up farmlands, and strong storms destroy houses. These disasters bring great harm to people’s lives. Many lose their homes and have to move to safe places. Some even lose their family members. Crops die in the fields, so food becomes hard to get. Schools close, roads break, and people can’t work or study as usual. Clean water also becomes scarce in disaster-hit areas. Why do these disasters happen so often? One main reason is human activities. People cut down too many trees to build houses or make paper. Factories and cars give off dirty smoke and waste water, polluting the air and rivers. We also overuse natural resources (自然资源) like coal and oil. All these actions break nature’s balance. When nature can’t stand it anymore, it fights back with disasters. We must learn to live with nature, not against it. Let’s plant more trees—they can stop floods and keep the air fresh. Save water and energy: turn off lights when leaving rooms, and don’t waste water while washing hands. Protect wild animals, as they help keep ecosystems balanced (生态系统平衡). Use public transport more instead of driving cars to cut pollution. Nature is our only home. If we care for it well, disasters will become fewer. People can live safely and happily for a long time. Small actions from everyone can make a big difference. Let’s work together to keep harmony (和谐) between humans and nature. 12．Which natural disasters are mentioned in the passage? A．Earthquakes and wildfires. B．Floods, droughts and storms. C．Tsunamis and snowstorms. D．Landslides and sandstorms. 13．What harm do natural disasters bring? A．People’s homes are destroyed. B．More crops grow well. C．People become richer. D．Water becomes more abundant. 14．What human activity causes problems for nature according to the passage? A．Planting more trees. B．Cutting down too many trees. C．Saving water and energy. D．Protecting wild animals. 15．What can we do to protect nature? A．Drive cars every day. B．Waste water while washing. C．Use public transport more. D．Cut down trees for paper. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，将下面的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的，并完成第20小题。 Hey! I’m an octopus! Let me tell you about my amazing body! I’m all muscle (肌肉), which makes me good at moving. 16 I can swim through the tiniest holes fast. But wait, there’s more! You won’t believe this. 17 I have a large central heart and two smaller ones on either side. And my brain? It’s super cool. It only holds about 1/3 of my nerve cells (神经细胞). 18 So each of my arms can think and I can do different things at once. My best trick? 19 Quickly! I can change my skin. Quickly! I can change my colour and create cool patterns (图案) all over my body. This helps me hide from danger. How cool is that? A．I have three hearts! B．I am a very fast-moving animal. C． The rest are in my eight arms. D．Look! How quickly I change! E. It means I’m very strong and fast. If you could have one body feature (特征) of an octopus, which would you like to have? Why? (不超过15词) 20 第二部分 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，理解其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Jason and his father were going to the store by car. It was a(n) 21 day. The 22 was dark but there were few clouds. As they drove up the street, there started to be a loud sound heard across the ground 23 . Jason’s father realized that a tornado was coming. He stopped the car and told Jason to get out quickly. Jason and his father made their way to a 24 building. At this time the wind was blowing harder. Debris (碎片) was falling all over the place. Jason couldn’t see his 25 anymore. He also realized that he wasn’t getting to the building 26 enough. He was afraid the wind would 27 him up and throw him into the air. 28 he made his way towards the building, he noticed a ditch to his right. He scrambled (爬) to the ditch and 29 on the ground. More debris 30 overhead. His heart was beating hard, and he was 31 . He had never been in a tornado before. After a while, the wind died down and the loud sound was gone. Jason slowly 32 his head and nervously looked around. What he saw was a great mess. Jason could 33 recognize (认出) the buildings in front of him. He 34 up and with shaky legs walked into the building, where he saw his dad. He ran across the room and held dad in his arms. “Jason! How are you? I’ve been worried about you!” said his father. “I couldn’t find you anywhere just now!” Jason 35 a sigh of relief (松了一口气) and sat down. He did have a story to tell! 21．A．excellent B．unusual C．happy D．important 22．A．sky B．night C．street D．room 23．A．quickly B．luckily C．suddenly D．usually 24．A．old B．tall C．nearby D．beautiful 25．A．car B．dad C．way D．friend 26．A．slowly B．high C．quickly D．well 27．A．call B．clean C．fix D．pick 28．A．If B．As C．Although D．Until 29．A．lay B．fell C．beat D．hit 30．A．flew B．dropped C．rose D．sat 31．A．upset B．crazy C．nervous D．strange 32．A．raised B．shook C．nodded D．turned 33．A．almost B．hardly C．easily D．clearly 34．A．woke B．stood C．jumped D．looked 35．A．heard B．felt C．let D．breathed 第三部分 英语知识运用（本题有25 小题, 每小题1分, 共计 25 分） A. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次（每空一词）。 finally, understand, volunteer, important, give up Dear Opal, This week I learned something 36 . I learned that everyone can make a big difference. Let me tell you how. It rained hard all week. Then last night, it became a flood (洪水). Mr. Ruiz found the problem right away. The flood wall in our neighborhood was about to burst! Everyone started to fill and stack (堆) sandbags. But the water was rising fast. More 37 were needed, so I offered to help. We stacked hundreds of sandbags. But the situation didn’t improve. The water kept going higher and higher. Nobody 38 , though. We all did our duty and kept working hard. 39 , the rain stopped. We all cheered. Our neighborhood was saved! Boy, I was tired, but I felt good, too. My help made a difference and we all 40 the importance of working together. Your friend, Kemal B. 根据下列文章及所给的汉语注释，写出各单词的正确、完全形式（每空限填一词）。 It started as a common afternoon. Students were reading in classrooms when the earth 41 (突然) began to shake. At 2:28 pm on May 12, 2008, a serious earthquake (地震) 42 (击；打) Wenchuan. Within seconds, almost all buildings fell down. Many people 43 (躺) under fallen buildings. The first hour after the earthquake was filled with scary 44 (沉默). Those people who were 45 (残疾) in the nursing homes couldn’t leave their beds. 46 (生病) kids in the broken rooms of the hospitals weakly called for their parents. Those who survived (幸存) felt deeply 47 (孤独), holding family photos in their arms. But hope arrived with the morning sun. Feeling 48 (焦虑；担忧) but determined (坚定的), rescue teams (救援队) rushed in from across China. Kind 49 (邻居) shared their last bottles of water. Volunteers built places for the homeless. As weeks passed, the full 50 (真相) about the earthquake came out—over 69,000 lives lost, but a great number of miracles (奇迹) too. A mother protected her baby under her body for three days. A teacher saved all his students by holding the classroom door open. Today, new schools stand where fallen houses once were. The lesson remains clear: When darkness falls, human courage always lights the way. C. 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中单词的正确形式。 Ben could hear strong winds outside his home in Alabama. Black clouds were making the sky very dark. With no light outside, it felt 51 midnight. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area. Everyone in the neighbourhood was busy. Ben’s dad was putting 52 (piece) of wood over the windows while his mum was making sure the flashlights and radio 53 (work). She also put some candles and matches on the table. Ben was helping his mum make dinner when 54 rain began to beat heavily against the windows. After dinner, they tried to play a card game,   55 it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside. Ben could not sleep at first. He 56 (final) fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. When he woke up, the sun 57 (rise). He went outside with his family and found the neighbourhood in a mess. Fallen trees, 58 (break) windows and rubbish were everywhere. They joined the neighbours 59 (help) clean up the neighbourhood together. Although the storm broke many things apart, it 60 (bring) families and neighbours closer together. 第四部分 书面表达（共20分） 61．自然灾害时有发生，而且发生得很突然，很难预警。请你以“地震”为主题，根据下表提示，写一篇80词左右的英语主题报告，给同学们提供一些地震逃生的建议。 室内 室外 *不要从高楼上跳下； *可以藏在桌下，要远离窗户、沉重的家具； *地面停止晃动时，要快速离开。 *远离桥梁、树木、路灯或电线； *在车里时，应待在里面； *在山里时，要当心落石。 另外，要保持冷静，勇敢而且也要乐于助人。 注意事项： (1) 必须包含以上内容，但可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； (2) 结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 What to Do in an Earthquake ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ If you follow the advice, you can be safe and help save others. 8 / 8乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $