Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单元测试（山东济南专用）2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 聚焦“自然现象与环境保护”主题，通过飓风、地震、海啸等真实情境考查八年级Unit 5核心知识，适配单元复习，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|20题/40分|自然灾难（飓风路径、地震成因）、动物行为（地震前兆）、环保案例（森林保护）|以2025年飓风事件等真实素材设题，梯度考查细节理解（如飓风移动路线）、推理判断（动物异常行为与地震关联）、主旨归纳（环保行动意义）| |阅读七选五|5题/10分|自然灾害安全措施|结合地震、洪水等场景，考查信息匹配能力，强化生存技能与跨文化意识| |完形填空|15题/15分|地震逃生过程|通过叙事语篇考查动词、名词等词汇运用，培养逻辑思维与情境分析能力| |写作|1题/25分|暴风雨经历描述|要求结合个人经历，综合运用过去时态与场景描写，提升语言表达与情感体验能力|

2026春八年级下学期 Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单元测试 （山东济南专用） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 第一部分听力（共四节，满分30分） （略） 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In October 2025, Hurricane (飓风) Melissa hit the Caribbean (加勒比地区), becoming one of the strongest hurricanes in history. It caused serious harm across several countries. Melissa first arrived in Jamaica with heavy rain and strong winds. At that time, the wind speed (速度) reached about 295 km/h. The heavy rain soon caused landslides and floods. About 25,000 people suffered from the disaster. More than 70% of Jamaica experienced power failure. Later, Melissa hit Cuba. Over 100,000 people there were stranded (被困住) by rising rivers. After Melissa left Cuba, it swept over the Bahamas, causing floods on some islands. According to research, several things caused such a terrible hurricane. The temperature was the first one. In fact, the temperature of the sea surface plays an important role in the formation of hurricanes. During that time, the sea surface temperature in that area was nearly 30°C． Winds “helped” as well. If winds change greatly at different heights, they can “cut off” a hurricane. However, the winds didn’t change much as Melissa developed. Besides, a good outflow (外流) of air at the top level of the weather system also played a part. Sadly, human activities are driving climate change, and this change was one of the reasons behind the bad weather. Many researchers have found the connection between such bad weather and climate change: Warmer seawater creates more energy, which allows for stronger hurricanes. “Human-caused climate change made Hurricane Melissa even worse and more harmful,” said a climate scientist. So, there is no time to lose. We must take action now to bring nature back into balance. 1．How did Hurricane Melissa move? A．Jamaica → the Bahamas → Cuba B．Jamaica → Cuba → the Bahamas C．Cuba → the Bahamas → Jamaica D．Cuba → Jamaica → the Bahamas 2．Which question does paragraph 2 answer? A．What did people think of the hurricane? B．When did the hurricane reach the Caribbean? C．Why did the hurricane change after it landed? D．How did the hurricane harm those countries? 3．Why didn’t the winds “cut off” Hurricane Melissa? A．Because the wind speeds were too high. B．Because the outflow of air wasn’t good. C．Because the winds changed little with height. D．Because the sea surface temperature wasn’t high. 4．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．What made Melissa so powerful. B．What a hurricane looks like inside. C．What the hurricane formation process is. D．Why climate change influenced Melissa. 5．Which might be the writer’s opinion? A．Humans should act on climate change right now. B．These countries didn’t deal with Melissa very well. C．Climate change has little to do with awful storms. D．Only the people of Jamaica needed others’ help. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍2025年十月飓风“梅利莎”的形成、移动路径、造成的危害，以及它与气候变化之间的关联，呼吁人们立刻行动，保护自然平衡。 1．根据第二段中“Melissa first arrived in Jamaica... Later, Melissa hit Cuba... After Melissa left Cuba, it swept over the Bahamas”，可知飓风的移动顺序是：牙买加（Jamaica）→古巴（Cuba）→巴哈马（the Bahamas）。 2．第二段主要描述了飓风“梅利莎”在牙买加、古巴、巴哈马造成的具体破坏（如暴雨、山体滑坡、洪水、停电、人员被困等），对应选项D“飓风给这些国家带来了怎样的伤害？”。 3．根据第三段中“If winds change greatly at different heights, they can ‘cut off’ a hurricane. However, the winds didn’t change much as Melissa developed”，可知飓风发展过程中，风在不同高度变化不大，因此无法切断飓风。 4．第三段首句“According to research, several things caused such a terrible hurricane”为段落主旨句，介绍了导致飓风“梅利莎”如此强大的几个因素（海面温度、风的变化、高层空气外流），对应选项A“是什么让‘梅利莎’如此强大”。 5．根据最后一段中“So, there is no time to lose. We must take action now to bring nature back into balance”，可知作者呼吁人们立刻采取行动应对气候变化。 B It may sound hard to believe that animals can predict earthquakes, but many facts seem to support this idea. The earliest report of unusual animal actions before a big earthquake was from Greece in 373 BC． Rats and weasels (黄鼠狼) left their homes and went to safe places several days before a strong earthquake. On February 4, 1975, Chinese officers told people in Haicheng, Liaoning to leave their houses and stay outdoors. They thought a disaster was coming, partly because of animals’ strange actions. For example, many toads (蟾蜍) appeared in the streets and sleeping snakes came out of the ground. Hours later, a big and strong earthquake hit the city. Another example happened in December 2004 in a national park in Sri Lanka. The animals felt something wrong that day. Birds flew away for no reason, and elephants ran to higher ground. Minutes later, a huge earthquake happened under the sea. However, scientists say that although animals act strangely before earthquakes, this does not mean they can predict disasters. It could just be a natural answer. All animals have the ability to stay away from danger. So how do they do it? Animals have very good senses. They can find small environmental changes we do not notice. Some have strong hearing or smell; others can notice changes in atmospheric (大气的) pressure. For example, fish can feel changes in water pressure, so they may jump out of water or swim in strange ways before an earthquake. Although scientists do not agree on animals’ special ability, it is good to pay more attention to the animals around you. 6．Why did officers in Haicheng ask people to stay outdoors? A．To catch the snakes and toads in the streets. B．To keep away from the possible disaster. C．To enjoy the warm winter sun. D．To watch animals’ unusual activities. 7．What can we infer (推断) from Paragraph 3? A．Animals’ strange actions helped save people. B．Toads are the sign of big earthquakes. C．Snakes usually sleep before earthquakes. D．The officers knew nothing before the earthquake. 8．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 5 refer to (指代)? A．Fish jump out of water. B．People notice small changes. C．Animals act strangely before earthquakes. D．Scientists study earthquakes. 9．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 6? A．Animals can find some small environmental changes that people can’t notice. B．All animals have the same strong hearing and smell. C．Fish can know the time of an earthquake exactly. D．People can feel changes in atmospheric pressure easily. 10．What is the main idea of the text? A．We must keep animals away before earthquakes. B．All animals have the same strong senses. C．Scientists agree on animals’ ability to predict disasters. D．Animals may feel earthquakes before humans. 【答案】6．B 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了动物在地震前可能表现出异常行为的历史事例，分析了动物能够感知环境变化的原因，并指出科学家对此尚未达成共识，但提醒人们关注身边的动物。 6．由第三段“They thought a disaster was coming, partly because of animals’ strange actions…Hours later, a big and strong earthquake hit the city”可知，海城官员让人们待在户外是为了远离可能发生的灾难。 7．由第三段“Chinese officers told people to leave their houses... partly because of animals’ strange actions... Hours later, a big and strong earthquake hit the city”可知，动物们的异常行为帮助人们提前疏散，从而挽救了生命。 8．由第五段“although animals act strangely before earthquakes, this does not mean they can predict disasters. It could just be a natural answer”可知，“It”指代的是“动物在地震前行为异常”这一现象。 9．由第六段“Animals have very good senses. They can find small environmental changes we do not notice”可知，动物能察觉到人们注意不到的微小环境变化。 10．全文通过多个事例说明动物在地震前会表现出异常行为，并解释了它们可能通过敏锐的感官感知到环境变化，因此主旨是“动物可能比人类先感知到地震”。 C WORLD NEWS A 10-year-old girl, Tilly Smith, saved more than 100 tourists from the tsunami on Mai Khao Beach in Phuket, Thailand on 26 December 2004. Tilly was walking along the beach with her family when she noticed something strange about the waves. She realised there was going to be a tsunami because she had seen similar waves in a tsunami video in her geography class two weeks earlier. Her teacher had taught them about the early signs and causes of tsunamis. “There was white foam on the surface of the sea,” Tilly remembered. “The water was coming in rapidly, but it wasn’t going out again. It was coming in, and then in, and then in, towards the hotel. The beach was becoming smaller and smaller.” She told her parents that a tsunami was coming. Her parents knew nothing about tsunamis so they could not tell whether she was right. They wondered if it was just bad weather. But she was certain and started shouting, “Tsunami, there’s going to be a tsunami. We have to get away; we have to run!” Seeing his daughter so scared, Tilly’s father, Colin Smith, decided to return to their hotel. They rushed up the beach and warned people of the coming tsunami. Mr Smith also told the hotel guard about the tsunami. The guard urged everyone on the beach to run towards the hotel. The Smiths had just made it onto the second floor of their hotel when a wall of water rushed onto the beach and hit the building. The tsunami killed more than 200,000 people in different parts of Asia, but no one was killed on Mai Khao Beach. 11．How old was Tilly Smith when the tsunami happened? A．8 years old. B．10 years old. C．12 years old. D．14 years old. 12．Where did Tilly learn about the signs of a tsunami? A．From her parents. B．From a video in her geography class. C．From a book. D．From a news report. 13．What did Tilly notice about the water? A．The water was going out rapidly. B．The water was coming in but not going out again. C．The water was very clear. D．The water was cold. 14．How did Tilly’s parents react at first? A．They believed her immediately. B．They didn’t know about tsunamis and were not sure. C．They laughed at her. D．They ran away at once. 15．What happened after the Smiths warned the hotel guard? A．Everyone stayed on the beach. B．The guard urged everyone to run towards the hotel. C．The guard called the police. D．The guard did nothing. 【答案】11．B 12．B 13．B 14．B 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了2004年12月26日，在泰国普吉岛的麦考海滩，10岁女孩蒂莉·史密斯凭借地理课上所学的海啸知识，发现海浪异常后告知父母，最终她和家人成功提醒海滩上的人们躲避海啸，使麦考海滩无人遇难的故事。 11．文章第一段明确提到“A 10-year-old girl, Tilly Smith, saved more than 100 tourists from the tsunami...on 26 December 2004.”，说明海啸发生时蒂莉10岁。 12．文章第二段指出“She realised there was going to be a tsunami because she had seen similar waves in a tsunami video in her geography class two weeks earlier.”，表明蒂莉是从地理课的视频中了解到海啸迹象的。 13．文章第三段蒂莉回忆“The water was coming in rapidly, but it wasn’t going out again.”，说明她注意到水涌进来但不再退出去。 14．文章第四段提到“Her parents knew nothing about tsunamis so they could not tell whether she was right. They wondered if it was just bad weather.”，说明蒂莉的父母一开始对海啸一无所知，不确定她是否正确。 15．文章第五段表明“Mr Smith also told the hotel guard about the tsunami. The guard urged everyone on the beach to run towards the hotel.”，说明史密斯一家告知酒店保安后，保安催促海滩上的人跑向酒店。 D Forests are home to millions of species, but human activities like illegal logging (非法砍伐) and land clearing are destroying these habitats. If we don’t act soon, many plants and animals will disappear forever. However, people around the world are taking steps to protect forests — and every small effort counts. In Yunnan Province, China, local villagers once noticed that the number of black crested gibbons (黑冠长臂猿) was dropping. These rare animals depend on tall trees for food and shelter, but too many trees were being cut down. Working with an environmental group called Forest Guardian, the villagers made a rule: no one could cut trees in the gibbons’ living area. They also set up observation points to watch the gibbons and taught tourists about protecting the species. “We used to think cutting trees was the only way to make money,” said villager Mr Li. “Now we know protecting the gibbons means protecting our home too.” Another group, Green Earth, focuses on saving trees by reducing paper waste. They started a project called “Paper Cycle” in schools and offices. People collect used paper, which is then sent to factories to be recycled into new paper. This way, fewer trees need to be cut down for paper production. Last year, the project helped save more than 5,000 trees across three cities. These stories show that anyone can help protect forests. Whether it’s following a village rule or recycling paper, small actions add up. We all have a part to play in keeping the natural world alive. 16．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Tourists visiting the forest. B．Workers from Forest Guardian. C．Black crested gibbons. D．Local villagers in Yunnan. 17．What is the purpose of the “Paper Cycle” project started by Green Earth? A．To encourage people to use more paper. B．To reduce paper waste and save trees. C．To teach students how to make paper. D．To sell recycled paper to factories. 18．How many trees did the “Paper Cycle” project help save last year? A．More than 3,000. B．More than 4,000. C．More than 5,000. D．More than 6,000. 19．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 20．Which might be the best title for the passage? A．Small Steps to Protect Forests B．The Dangers of Illegal Logging C．Saving Black Crested Gibbons in Yunnan D．How to Recycle Paper for the Environment 【答案】16．D 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．A 【导语】本文介绍了森林面临的威胁，并通过两个具体案例，讲述了人们为保护森林所采取的行动，强调微小努力的重要性。 16．原文第二段提到“Working with an environmental group called Forest Guardian, the villagers made a rule... They also set up observation points to watch the gibbons”，这里的“They”指代前文提到的云南当地村民。 17．原文第三段提到“Another group, Green Earth, focuses on saving trees by reducing paper waste. They started a project called ‘Paper Cycle’... This way, fewer trees need to be cut down for paper production”，说明该项目的目的是减少纸张浪费、节约树木。 18．原文第三段提到“Last year, the project helped save more than 5,000 trees across three cities”，明确给出了项目去年拯救的树木数量。 19．文章结构为：①总述森林面临威胁及保护的重要性；②介绍云南村民保护长臂猿的案例；③介绍“Paper Cycle”回收项目的案例；④总结保护森林人人有责。结构为“总分总”。 20．全文围绕“保护森林的微小行动”展开，介绍了两个具体的保护案例，强调“small actions add up”。 第二节 阅读七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When a natural disaster happens, knowing what to do can save your life. Here are some important safety tips for different situations. ◆ During an earthquake: If you are indoors, remember to drop, cover, and hold on. Get under a strong table or desk. 21 If you are outdoors, move to an open area away from buildings, trees, and power lines. ◆ During a flood: Move to higher ground immediately. 22 If you are in a car and water starts to rise, get out and move to higher ground. Never try to walk or drive through floodwater—it might be deeper or faster than it looks. ◆ During a typhoon: Stay inside and keep away from windows. 23 If the wind becomes very strong, move to a small room without windows, like a bathroom. Listen to the radio for news and instructions. ◆ During a lightning storm: Avoid open fields and hilltops. 24 If you are in a forest, stay near lower trees. If you are with a group, spread out to reduce the risk of multiple injuries. ◆ After a disaster: Be careful of dangers like fallen power lines or broken glass. 25 Help others if you can, but don’t put yourself in danger. Wait for instructions from officials before returning home. A．Do not stay in a car during a flood. B．Always play outside during a storm. C．Stay away from water, tall or isolated trees, and metal objects. D．Close all windows and doors to protect your home. E．Check yourself and others for injuries. F．Protect your head and neck with your arms. G．Go to the beach to watch the storm. 【答案】21．F 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．E 【导语】本文介绍了地震、洪水、台风、雷雨灾害发生时以及灾后对应的安全自救避险小贴士。 21．前文提到“Get under a strong table or desk.”，同时根据地震避险常识，遭遇地震时，我们要趴下、遮挡、抓紧，同时用手臂护住头颈。选项F符合应急知识。 22．根据后文“If you are in a car and water starts to rise, get out and move to higher ground.”如果你在车里水位上涨，立刻下车去高处。对应逻辑，洪水时不要待在车内。 23．应对台风正确做法是待在室内，远离窗户，并关好门窗。前文已经提到“Stay inside and keep away from windows.”，后文则应说明关闭好门窗。 24．根据雷雨常识，闪电易击中树木、水、金属，所以要远离这些东西。 25．灾后第一步为检查自己和他人有无受伤。同时根据后文“Help others if you can”，我们需要先检查他人是否需要帮助，才能去帮助他人。 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分35分） 第一节补全对话（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读下面的对话，选用合适的单词或词组填空。其中有一个是多余的。       in the past, pollution, living, sports park, in recent years, at present Andy: Hi, Marie. Is that man reading newspapers your grandfather? Marie: Yes. He is reading a report on our hometown 26 . Andy: Does your grandfather like his life here? Marie: More or less, I think. But he says there is too much 27 in the city. Andy: That’s true. There are too many cars and people in modern cities. But I think he may like city life better, because there are not many people 28 in his village. Many houses have become empty. Marie: That’s the truth. Villages will be a thing of the past. More and more people have moved to cities from towns and villages 29 . Andy: I don't think so. You know, there will be a 30 near your grandpa’s village in the near future. Maybe tourists will bring new life to the village. 【答案】26．in the past 27．pollution 28．living 29．in recent years 30．sports park 【导语】本文围绕家乡的过去与现在、城乡变迁展开，讨论了城市污染、乡村人口流失与未来发展等情况。 26．句意：他正在读一篇关于我们家乡过去的报道。此处需要一个时间短语，作介词on的宾语。in the past表示“在过去”，符合“爷爷读家乡过去的报道”的语境，所以选择in the past。 27．句意：但他说城市里有太多污染。此处需要一个名词，作there be句型的主语。pollution表示“污染”，符合前文“城市车多、人多”带来的污染问题，所以选择pollution。 28．句意：但我认为他可能会更喜欢城市生活，因为他的村子里没有多少人居住。此处需要一个现在分词，作后置定语修饰people。living表示“居住”，符合“村子里没人居住，房屋空置”的语境，所以选择living。 29．句意：近年来，越来越多的人从城镇和村庄搬到了城市。此处需要一个时间短语，作时间状语。in recent years表示“近年来”，符合“人口持续向城市迁移”的语境，所以选择in recent years。 30．句意：你知道，在你爷爷的村子附近，不久的将来会有一个体育公园。此处需要一个名词短语，作there be句型的主语。sports park表示“体育公园”，符合“给乡村带来新活力”的语境，所以选择sports park。 第二节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 6.4 magnitude (震级) earthquake shook Northern California. Peter was making tea in the kitchen as usual. Mary, his wife, was listening to music in the bedroom. 31 Peter felt that his body was shaking. He realized that there was an earthquake! He 32 loud, “Earthquake! Go to the bathroom!” Mary heard the shouting, 33 the first-aid box quickly and ran into the bathroom. The house was 34 even more strongly. The bathroom was next door to the kitchen. Peter picked up a kitchen 35 and two pieces of bread out of the kitchen. He tried to run along the wall to help Mary, 36 everything got dark with a loud noise. The house broke down with many things 37 from above. Many stones covered her. She felt it 38 to breathe. She tried to stand up but didn’t 39 . A few minutes later, the land became 40 so that Mary could hear the sound of a short breath and realized it was Peter! She shouted to him, but there was no 41 . Mary kept calling his name and her husband finally woke up. The couple 42 each other because both of them were sure there would be a way to escape. The fallen stones separated 43 but Peter found they were close. He started to dig 44 the kitchen knife. Finally, Peter touched Mary’s hand, and then dug all the stones around her body. At that time Mary was able to have a 45 breath slowly. Later, one rescue team came to save them. 31．A．Suddenly B．Luckily C．Quickly D．Finally 32．A．reminded B．refused C．repeated D．shouted 33．A．took up B．opened up C．put away D．threw away 34．A．falling B．burning C．shaking D．moving 35．A．table B．knife C．bowl D．plate 36．A．and B．but C．or D．so 37．A．flying B．following C．falling D．forming 38．A．comfortable B．scary C．simple D．difficult 39．A．pass B．enter C．smile D．succeed 40．A．soft B．quiet C．dry D．wet 41．A．answer B．sign C．need D．way 42．A．knew B．understood C．faced D．encouraged 43．A．him B．her C．them D．us 44．A．with B．from C．in D．at 45．A．thick B．deep C．short D．low 【答案】 31．A 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．B 36．B 37．C 38．D 39．D 40．B 41．A 42．D 43．C 44．A 45．B 【导语】本文讲述了Peter和Mary在加州地震中被困并最终获救的故事。 31．句意：突然Peter感到他的身体在摇晃。 地震是突发情况，Peter原本在正常泡茶，应是突然感觉到身体摇晃，应选用suddenly表示“突然地”。luckily“幸运地”、quickly“快速地”、finally“最终”均不符合语境。 32．句意：他大声喊道：“地震了！快去洗手间！” 后文提到Mary听到了喊叫，此处Peter大声喊提醒Mary，应选用shouted“呼喊，大叫”。reminded“提醒”、refused“拒绝”、repeated“重复”均不符合语境。 33．句意：Mary听到呼喊，快速拿起急救箱跑进洗手间。 地震发生后，Mary拿起急救箱跑去洗手间，took up表示“拿起、带走”。opened up“打开”、put away“收好”、threw away“扔掉”均不符合语境。 34．句意：房子在更剧烈地摇晃着。 地震发生时房屋会摇晃，此处表示摇晃得更剧烈，应选用shaking“摇晃”。falling“掉落”、burning“燃烧”、moving“移动”均不符合语境。 35．句意：Peter拿起一把厨房小刀和两片面包出了厨房。 根据后文“dig with the kitchen knife”可知，此处拿的是刀，应选用knife“刀”。table“桌子”、bowl“碗”、plate“盘子”均不符合语境。 36．句意：他试图沿着墙壁跑，去帮助Mary，但是随着一声巨响周围一片黑暗。 Peter本想去帮Mary，结果房屋倒塌一切变黑，是转折关系，用but“但是”。and“并且”、or“或者”、so“因此”均不符合语境。 37．句意：房子倒塌，很多东西从上面落下来。 房屋倒塌后，上方的物体往下掉落，falling表示“掉落”，符合语境。flying“飞”、following“跟随”、forming“形成”均不符合语境。 38．句意：她感到呼吸困难。 玛丽被石头压住，因此呼吸困难，应选用difficult“困难的”。comfortable“舒适的”、scary“可怕的”、simple“简单的”均不符合语境。 39．句意：她试图站起来，但没成功。 玛丽尝试站起来，但没能成功，succeed“成功”符合句意。pass“通过”、enter“进入”、smile“微笑”均不符合语境。 40．句意：几分钟后，大地变得安静下来，Mary能够听到微弱的呼吸并意识到是Peter! 地震停止后周围变得安静，Mary才能听到Peter微弱的呼吸声，应选用quiet“安静的”。soft“柔软的”、dry“干燥的”、wet“潮湿的”均不符合语境。 41．句意：她朝他大喊，但是没有回应。 Mary喊Peter，一开始没有得到回应，对应后文一直喊才叫醒丈夫，应选用answer“回应，答复”。sign“标志”、need“需要”、way“方式”均不符合语境。 42．句意：夫妻俩互相鼓励，因为他们俩都确信会有一条逃生的路。 两人被困，都相信能逃生，因此互相鼓励，应选用encouraged“鼓励”。knew“知道”、understood“理解”、faced“面对”均不符合语境。 43．句意：落石隔开了他们，但是Peter发现他们很近。 掉落的石头分开了Peter和Mary夫妻俩，用them指代两人。him“他”、her“她”、us“我们”均不符合语境。 44．句意：他开始用厨房小刀挖。 “dig with+工具”是固定用法，表示“用工具挖”，with表示“用（工具）”。from“从”、in“在…… 里”、at“在”均不符合语境。 45．句意：那个时候，Mary可以慢慢地深呼吸了。 have a deep breath是固定搭配，意为“深呼吸”，石头被挖开后Mary可以正常深呼吸，应选用deep “深的”。thick“厚的”、short“短的”、low“低的”均不符合语境。 第三节阅读填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On 26 December 2004, Tilly Smith, a 10-year-old English schoolgirl, and her family 46 (be) on holiday in Phuket, Thailand. Everyone 47 (enjoy) the beautiful weather that morning. Some people were swimming in the sea, and some 48 (relax) on the beach. While Tilly 49 (walk) along the beach with her family, she noticed something strange. Thick white froth was forming on top of the waves, and the waves were coming in instead of going out. Just then, she remembered her geography teacher 50 (explain) that earthquakes under the sea could create dangerous waves 51 (call) tsunamis! “I know what’s going to happen! There’s going to be a big wave,” Tilly cried. Her family didn’t believe her at first, but Tilly refused 52 (move). Finally, her mother decided to return to the hotel with her. Back at the hotel, Tilly’s father told a security guard about the tsunami. The guard was shocked and jumped into action right away. He rushed people 53 the beach. People began to panic when they saw a huge wall of water coming from the sea. Tilly was right! Her family made it to safety just as the water hit the hotel. The 2004 tsunami caused over 200,000 deaths, but no one on the beach died that day. This story shows that a single lesson can make a big difference 54 life and death. Thanks to Tilly’s knowledge and quick thinking, over 100 people 55 (save). 【答案】 46．were 47．was enjoying 48．were relaxing 49．was walking 50．had explained/explained/explaining 51．called 52．to move 53．off 54．between 55．were saved 【导语】本文讲述了2004年10岁英国女孩Tilly Smith利用地理课上学到的海啸知识，在泰国普吉岛及时预警，帮助海滩上的人们成功避险的故事，强调了知识和快速反应的重要性。 46．句意：2004年12月26日，10岁的英国女学生蒂莉·史密斯和她的家人正在泰国普吉岛度假。句子主语为“Tilly Smith and her family”是复数，时间状语“On 26 December 2004”表明动作发生在过去，be动词需用复数过去式were。 47．句意：那天早上，每个人都在享受美好的天气。句子描述过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，主语Everyone为单数，需用过去进行时was enjoying。 48．句意：一些人在海里游泳，一些人在海滩上放松。句子与前一句“Some people were swimming in the sea”并列，时态保持一致，用过去进行时，主语是some，需填were relaxing。 49．句意：当蒂莉和家人沿着海滩散步时，她注意到一些奇怪的事情。While引导的时间状语从句描述过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时，主语Tilly为单数，需填was walking。 50．句意：就在那时，她想起地理老师曾经解释过海底地震可能会引发被称为海啸的危险海浪。老师解释的动作发生在主句动作“remembered”之前，可以用过去完成时 had explained；也可以用一般过去式表示过去的动作，即explained；remember sb. doing sth.表示“记得某人做过某事”，此处也可用现在分词explaining作宾语补足语，均符合语境。 51．句意：就在那时，她想起地理老师曾经解释过海底地震可能会引发被称为海啸的危险海浪。此处需用过去分词called作后置定语，修饰名词waves，表示“被叫做”的被动含义。 52．句意：她的家人一开始不相信她，但蒂莉拒绝离开。refuse to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“拒绝做某事”，应填to move。 53．句意：他把人们从海滩上疏散开。rush people off the beach为固定表达，意为“把人们从海滩上紧急疏散”，应填off。 54．句意：这个故事表明，一堂课就能在生与死之间起到巨大的作用。make a difference between life and death为固定搭配，意为“在生与死之间产生影响”，应填between。 55．句意：多亏了蒂莉的知识和快速反应，100多人获救。主语“over 100 people”与动词save之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态were saved。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节情境运用（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据每小题所提供的图片情景，完成下列句子。 56． A: —What’s the matter with her? B: —____________________________. 57． A: —____________________________? B: —Yes, sure. 58． A: —What should she do? B: —____________________________. 59． A: —I hope to work outside. B: —____________________________. 60． A: —What are they doing? B: —____________________________. 【答案】56．She has a stomachache 57．Could you please take out the rubbish 58．She should go to the/a dentist 59．You can clean up the city parks 60．They are putting up some signs 【解析】56．根据图片以及问句可知，此处应回答“她肚子疼。”she“她”；have a stomachache“肚子疼”。句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式，故填She has a stomachache。 57．根据图片以及答语可知，此处应问“你能把垃圾拿出去吗？”Could you please do sth“你能……”；take out the rubbish“把垃圾拿出去”。故填Could you please take out the rubbish。 58．根据图片以及问句可知，此处应回答“她应该去看牙医。”she“她”；should“应该”；go to the/a dentist“去看牙医”。故填She should go to the/a dentist。 59．根据图片以及句子可知，此处应说“你可以打扫城市公园。”you“你”；can“可以”； clean up the city parks“打扫城市公园”。故填You can clean up the city parks。 60．根据图片以及问句可知，此处应回答“他们正在张贴一些标志。”they“他们”；put up“张贴”；some“一些”；sign“标志”，可数名词，此处应用复数。句子是现在进行时，主语是复数，be动词用are，故填They are putting up some signs。 第二节作文（满分25分） 61．假设你是李华，去年夏天你们城市遭遇了一场暴风雨。请你根据以下提示，写一篇短文描述当时的情况及你的感受。 提示： 1. 时间：去年夏天； 2. 当时你正在做什么； 3. 暴风雨的情景（雨、天空等）； 4. 你的感受。 要求： 1. 词数60-80词； 2. 语句通顺，语法正确； 3. 包含所有提示要点。 rainstorm 暴风雨 do homework做作业 dark昏暗的 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Last summer, a terrible rainstorm hit my city. At that time, I was doing my homework. Everything seemed peaceful at first. Suddenly, the sky turned dark and cloudy. The wind blew strongly, trees shook wildly, and heavy rain began to pour down like a waterfall. The raindrops beat against the windows, making loud noises. I felt a little frightened because I had never seen such a strong rainstorm. But luckily, I was safe at home with my family. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙文，以一般过去时为主（描述过去发生的一次自然灾害/天气事件） 明确要点： 暴雨发生的时间（last summer） 暴雨前的状态（doing homework, peaceful） 暴雨来临时的景象（天空、风、树、雨） 人物的感受与处境（a little frightened, safe at home） 确定人称：第一人称（I, my） 注意事项：无真实姓名或校名问题，符合要求 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：暴雨来袭的时间和我当时正在写作业 主体段：具体描述暴雨来临时的景象（天空、风、树、雨） 结尾段：我当时的感受 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：事件背景 时间：last summer 事件：a terrible rainstorm hit my city 人物当时状态：I was doing my homework 初始氛围：Everything seemed peaceful at first 要点二：暴雨来临时的具体描写 the sky turned dark and cloudy. The wind blew strongly, trees shook wildly, and heavy rain began to pour down like a waterfall. The raindrops beat against the windows, making loud noises. 要点三：人物感受 感受：felt a little frightened 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026春八年级下学期 Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单元测试 （山东济南专用） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 第一部分听力（共四节，满分30分） （略） 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In October 2025, Hurricane (飓风) Melissa hit the Caribbean (加勒比地区), becoming one of the strongest hurricanes in history. It caused serious harm across several countries. Melissa first arrived in Jamaica with heavy rain and strong winds. At that time, the wind speed (速度) reached about 295 km/h. The heavy rain soon caused landslides and floods. About 25,000 people suffered from the disaster. More than 70% of Jamaica experienced power failure. Later, Melissa hit Cuba. Over 100,000 people there were stranded (被困住) by rising rivers. After Melissa left Cuba, it swept over the Bahamas, causing floods on some islands. According to research, several things caused such a terrible hurricane. The temperature was the first one. In fact, the temperature of the sea surface plays an important role in the formation of hurricanes. During that time, the sea surface temperature in that area was nearly 30°C． Winds “helped” as well. If winds change greatly at different heights, they can “cut off” a hurricane. However, the winds didn’t change much as Melissa developed. Besides, a good outflow (外流) of air at the top level of the weather system also played a part. Sadly, human activities are driving climate change, and this change was one of the reasons behind the bad weather. Many researchers have found the connection between such bad weather and climate change: Warmer seawater creates more energy, which allows for stronger hurricanes. “Human-caused climate change made Hurricane Melissa even worse and more harmful,” said a climate scientist. So, there is no time to lose. We must take action now to bring nature back into balance. 1．How did Hurricane Melissa move? A．Jamaica → the Bahamas → Cuba B．Jamaica → Cuba → the Bahamas C．Cuba → the Bahamas → Jamaica D．Cuba → Jamaica → the Bahamas 2．Which question does paragraph 2 answer? A．What did people think of the hurricane? B．When did the hurricane reach the Caribbean? C．Why did the hurricane change after it landed? D．How did the hurricane harm those countries? 3．Why didn’t the winds “cut off” Hurricane Melissa? A．Because the wind speeds were too high. B．Because the outflow of air wasn’t good. C．Because the winds changed little with height. D．Because the sea surface temperature wasn’t high. 4．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．What made Melissa so powerful. B．What a hurricane looks like inside. C．What the hurricane formation process is. D．Why climate change influenced Melissa. 5．Which might be the writer’s opinion? A．Humans should act on climate change right now. B．These countries didn’t deal with Melissa very well. C．Climate change has little to do with awful storms. D．Only the people of Jamaica needed others’ help. B It may sound hard to believe that animals can predict earthquakes, but many facts seem to support this idea. The earliest report of unusual animal actions before a big earthquake was from Greece in 373 BC． Rats and weasels (黄鼠狼) left their homes and went to safe places several days before a strong earthquake. On February 4, 1975, Chinese officers told people in Haicheng, Liaoning to leave their houses and stay outdoors. They thought a disaster was coming, partly because of animals’ strange actions. For example, many toads (蟾蜍) appeared in the streets and sleeping snakes came out of the ground. Hours later, a big and strong earthquake hit the city. Another example happened in December 2004 in a national park in Sri Lanka. The animals felt something wrong that day. Birds flew away for no reason, and elephants ran to higher ground. Minutes later, a huge earthquake happened under the sea. However, scientists say that although animals act strangely before earthquakes, this does not mean they can predict disasters. It could just be a natural answer. All animals have the ability to stay away from danger. So how do they do it? Animals have very good senses. They can find small environmental changes we do not notice. Some have strong hearing or smell; others can notice changes in atmospheric (大气的) pressure. For example, fish can feel changes in water pressure, so they may jump out of water or swim in strange ways before an earthquake. Although scientists do not agree on animals’ special ability, it is good to pay more attention to the animals around you. 6．Why did officers in Haicheng ask people to stay outdoors? A．To catch the snakes and toads in the streets. B．To keep away from the possible disaster. C．To enjoy the warm winter sun. D．To watch animals’ unusual activities. 7．What can we infer (推断) from Paragraph 3? A．Animals’ strange actions helped save people. B．Toads are the sign of big earthquakes. C．Snakes usually sleep before earthquakes. D．The officers knew nothing before the earthquake. 8．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 5 refer to (指代)? A．Fish jump out of water. B．People notice small changes. C．Animals act strangely before earthquakes. D．Scientists study earthquakes. 9．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 6? A．Animals can find some small environmental changes that people can’t notice. B．All animals have the same strong hearing and smell. C．Fish can know the time of an earthquake exactly. D．People can feel changes in atmospheric pressure easily. 10．What is the main idea of the text? A．We must keep animals away before earthquakes. B．All animals have the same strong senses. C．Scientists agree on animals’ ability to predict disasters. D．Animals may feel earthquakes before humans. C WORLD NEWS A 10-year-old girl, Tilly Smith, saved more than 100 tourists from the tsunami on Mai Khao Beach in Phuket, Thailand on 26 December 2004. Tilly was walking along the beach with her family when she noticed something strange about the waves. She realised there was going to be a tsunami because she had seen similar waves in a tsunami video in her geography class two weeks earlier. Her teacher had taught them about the early signs and causes of tsunamis. “There was white foam on the surface of the sea,” Tilly remembered. “The water was coming in rapidly, but it wasn’t going out again. It was coming in, and then in, and then in, towards the hotel. The beach was becoming smaller and smaller.” She told her parents that a tsunami was coming. Her parents knew nothing about tsunamis so they could not tell whether she was right. They wondered if it was just bad weather. But she was certain and started shouting, “Tsunami, there’s going to be a tsunami. We have to get away; we have to run!” Seeing his daughter so scared, Tilly’s father, Colin Smith, decided to return to their hotel. They rushed up the beach and warned people of the coming tsunami. Mr Smith also told the hotel guard about the tsunami. The guard urged everyone on the beach to run towards the hotel. The Smiths had just made it onto the second floor of their hotel when a wall of water rushed onto the beach and hit the building. The tsunami killed more than 200,000 people in different parts of Asia, but no one was killed on Mai Khao Beach. 11．How old was Tilly Smith when the tsunami happened? A．8 years old. B．10 years old. C．12 years old. D．14 years old. 12．Where did Tilly learn about the signs of a tsunami? A．From her parents. B．From a video in her geography class. C．From a book. D．From a news report. 13．What did Tilly notice about the water? A．The water was going out rapidly. B．The water was coming in but not going out again. C．The water was very clear. D．The water was cold. 14．How did Tilly’s parents react at first? A．They believed her immediately. B．They didn’t know about tsunamis and were not sure. C．They laughed at her. D．They ran away at once. 15．What happened after the Smiths warned the hotel guard? A．Everyone stayed on the beach. B．The guard urged everyone to run towards the hotel. C．The guard called the police. D．The guard did nothing. D Forests are home to millions of species, but human activities like illegal logging (非法砍伐) and land clearing are destroying these habitats. If we don’t act soon, many plants and animals will disappear forever. However, people around the world are taking steps to protect forests — and every small effort counts. In Yunnan Province, China, local villagers once noticed that the number of black crested gibbons (黑冠长臂猿) was dropping. These rare animals depend on tall trees for food and shelter, but too many trees were being cut down. Working with an environmental group called Forest Guardian, the villagers made a rule: no one could cut trees in the gibbons’ living area. They also set up observation points to watch the gibbons and taught tourists about protecting the species. “We used to think cutting trees was the only way to make money,” said villager Mr Li. “Now we know protecting the gibbons means protecting our home too.” Another group, Green Earth, focuses on saving trees by reducing paper waste. They started a project called “Paper Cycle” in schools and offices. People collect used paper, which is then sent to factories to be recycled into new paper. This way, fewer trees need to be cut down for paper production. Last year, the project helped save more than 5,000 trees across three cities. These stories show that anyone can help protect forests. Whether it’s following a village rule or recycling paper, small actions add up. We all have a part to play in keeping the natural world alive. 16．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Tourists visiting the forest. B．Workers from Forest Guardian. C．Black crested gibbons. D．Local villagers in Yunnan. 17．What is the purpose of the “Paper Cycle” project started by Green Earth? A．To encourage people to use more paper. B．To reduce paper waste and save trees. C．To teach students how to make paper. D．To sell recycled paper to factories. 18．How many trees did the “Paper Cycle” project help save last year? A．More than 3,000. B．More than 4,000. C．More than 5,000. D．More than 6,000. 19．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 20．Which might be the best title for the passage? A．Small Steps to Protect Forests B．The Dangers of Illegal Logging C．Saving Black Crested Gibbons in Yunnan D．How to Recycle Paper for the Environment 第二节 阅读七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When a natural disaster happens, knowing what to do can save your life. Here are some important safety tips for different situations. ◆ During an earthquake: If you are indoors, remember to drop, cover, and hold on. Get under a strong table or desk. 21 If you are outdoors, move to an open area away from buildings, trees, and power lines. ◆ During a flood: Move to higher ground immediately. 22 If you are in a car and water starts to rise, get out and move to higher ground. Never try to walk or drive through floodwater—it might be deeper or faster than it looks. ◆ During a typhoon: Stay inside and keep away from windows. 23 If the wind becomes very strong, move to a small room without windows, like a bathroom. Listen to the radio for news and instructions. ◆ During a lightning storm: Avoid open fields and hilltops. 24 If you are in a forest, stay near lower trees. If you are with a group, spread out to reduce the risk of multiple injuries. ◆ After a disaster: Be careful of dangers like fallen power lines or broken glass. 25 Help others if you can, but don’t put yourself in danger. Wait for instructions from officials before returning home. A．Do not stay in a car during a flood. B．Always play outside during a storm. C．Stay away from water, tall or isolated trees, and metal objects. D．Close all windows and doors to protect your home. E．Check yourself and others for injuries. F．Protect your head and neck with your arms. G．Go to the beach to watch the storm. 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分35分） 第一节补全对话（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读下面的对话，选用合适的单词或词组填空。其中有一个是多余的。       in the past, pollution, living, sports park, in recent years, at present Andy: Hi, Marie. Is that man reading newspapers your grandfather? Marie: Yes. He is reading a report on our hometown 26 . Andy: Does your grandfather like his life here? Marie: More or less, I think. But he says there is too much 27 in the city. Andy: That’s true. There are too many cars and people in modern cities. But I think he may like city life better, because there are not many people 28 in his village. Many houses have become empty. Marie: That’s the truth. Villages will be a thing of the past. More and more people have moved to cities from towns and villages 29 . Andy: I don't think so. You know, there will be a 30 near your grandpa’s village in the near future. Maybe tourists will bring new life to the village. 第二节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 6.4 magnitude (震级) earthquake shook Northern California. Peter was making tea in the kitchen as usual. Mary, his wife, was listening to music in the bedroom. 31 Peter felt that his body was shaking. He realized that there was an earthquake! He 32 loud, “Earthquake! Go to the bathroom!” Mary heard the shouting, 33 the first-aid box quickly and ran into the bathroom. The house was 34 even more strongly. The bathroom was next door to the kitchen. Peter picked up a kitchen 35 and two pieces of bread out of the kitchen. He tried to run along the wall to help Mary, 36 everything got dark with a loud noise. The house broke down with many things 37 from above. Many stones covered her. She felt it 38 to breathe. She tried to stand up but didn’t 39 . A few minutes later, the land became 40 so that Mary could hear the sound of a short breath and realized it was Peter! She shouted to him, but there was no 41 . Mary kept calling his name and her husband finally woke up. The couple 42 each other because both of them were sure there would be a way to escape. The fallen stones separated 43 but Peter found they were close. He started to dig 44 the kitchen knife. Finally, Peter touched Mary’s hand, and then dug all the stones around her body. At that time Mary was able to have a 45 breath slowly. Later, one rescue team came to save them. 31．A．Suddenly B．Luckily C．Quickly D．Finally 32．A．reminded B．refused C．repeated D．shouted 33．A．took up B．opened up C．put away D．threw away 34．A．falling B．burning C．shaking D．moving 35．A．table B．knife C．bowl D．plate 36．A．and B．but C．or D．so 37．A．flying B．following C．falling D．forming 38．A．comfortable B．scary C．simple D．difficult 39．A．pass B．enter C．smile D．succeed 40．A．soft B．quiet C．dry D．wet 41．A．answer B．sign C．need D．way 42．A．knew B．understood C．faced D．encouraged 43．A．him B．her C．them D．us 44．A．with B．from C．in D．at 45．A．thick B．deep C．short D．low 第三节阅读填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On 26 December 2004, Tilly Smith, a 10-year-old English schoolgirl, and her family 46 (be) on holiday in Phuket, Thailand. Everyone 47 (enjoy) the beautiful weather that morning. Some people were swimming in the sea, and some 48 (relax) on the beach. While Tilly 49 (walk) along the beach with her family, she noticed something strange. Thick white froth was forming on top of the waves, and the waves were coming in instead of going out. Just then, she remembered her geography teacher 50 (explain) that earthquakes under the sea could create dangerous waves 51 (call) tsunamis! “I know what’s going to happen! There’s going to be a big wave,” Tilly cried. Her family didn’t believe her at first, but Tilly refused 52 (move). Finally, her mother decided to return to the hotel with her. Back at the hotel, Tilly’s father told a security guard about the tsunami. The guard was shocked and jumped into action right away. He rushed people 53 the beach. People began to panic when they saw a huge wall of water coming from the sea. Tilly was right! Her family made it to safety just as the water hit the hotel. The 2004 tsunami caused over 200,000 deaths, but no one on the beach died that day. This story shows that a single lesson can make a big difference 54 life and death. Thanks to Tilly’s knowledge and quick thinking, over 100 people 55 (save). 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节情境运用（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据每小题所提供的图片情景，完成下列句子。 56． A: —What’s the matter with her? B: —____________________________. 57． A: —____________________________? B: —Yes, sure. 58． A: —What should she do? B: —____________________________. 59． A: —I hope to work outside. B: —____________________________. 60． A: —What are they doing? B: —____________________________. 第二节作文（满分25分） 61．假设你是李华，去年夏天你们城市遭遇了一场暴风雨。请你根据以下提示，写一篇短文描述当时的情况及你的感受。 提示： 1. 时间：去年夏天； 2. 当时你正在做什么； 3. 暴风雨的情景（雨、天空等）； 4. 你的感受。 要求： 1. 词数60-80词； 2. 语句通顺，语法正确； 3. 包含所有提示要点。 rainstorm 暴风雨 do homework做作业 dark昏暗的 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $