Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 单元话题（跨文化沟通）语法填空进阶练15篇-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（人教版）

**基本信息** 以跨文化沟通为主题，分基础、进阶、综合三层次设计15篇语法填空，通过梯度语篇训练语法应用与跨文化理解，提升语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础入门训练|5篇（如英美国俗）|语法填空（提示词为主）|围绕日常文化场景，聚焦名词复数、动词时态等基础语法，构建"文化现象-语法应用"关联| |进阶拓展训练|5篇（如文化冲击、丝绸之路）|语法填空（提示词/无提示词结合）|深化跨文化主题，融入非谓语动词、从句连接词等复杂语法，形成"文化差异-语法结构"推导链| |能力综合实践|5篇（如多国礼仪对比）|语法填空（语境化综合考查）|整合多元文化素材，综合运用语法知识，实现"文化理解-语言表达"的思维提升|

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 单元话题（跨文化沟通）语法填空进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 A small talk is a good way to kill time and make friends. If you travel to other 1 (country), do you know what to say to start an excellent small talk with local (当地的) people? In the UK the best topic is the weather. British weather changes quite often. You can start to talk by saying “Wow, it is 2 (rain) heavily now. Maybe it will be sunny a few hours later.” Besides 3 weather, you can talk about gardens. For example, you could say, “Those flowers look really beautiful, don’t they?” English people love their pets. 4 it’s nice to begin with “What a lovely dog! What’s 5 (it) name?” In America, people like to talk about sports, such as American football and basketball. You can also begin talking 6 (easy) with clothes. “It’s a nice shirt. Where did you get it?” “I 7 (buy) it in a store near my home.” Of course, you shouldn’t talk about some topics. Don’t 8 (ask) people “How old are you?” Age is usually a secret for women. Never ask “How much money do you make?” It 9 (make) people unhappy. Don’t ask strangers (陌生人) whether (是否) they have a girlfriend 10 a boyfriend. Are you going abroad on holiday this year? Are you thinking about 1 (learn) some of the local languages? Well, you should learn about body language too. It means you use your head and hands instead of words 2 (express) meanings. Body language has different meanings in different cultures. For example, in some Western cultures, people show they don’t understand or they don’t care about something by 3 (shrug) their shoulders. This isn’t common in other places. In Japan, people bow when they greet each other or say 4 (goodbye). This isn’t done in other parts of the world. Another example is nodding. People usually nod 5 (show) agreement. However, in Greece, people nod their heads to say “no”! Sometimes people think they understand the body language of a certain culture, but in fact, they 6 (do not). Take kissing as an example. In many European cultures, women and children are kissed on each cheek by family members or friends. Do you know that Europeans often greet close friends with a kiss on the cheek? However, it is uncommon for two men 7 (do) so. Instead, they usually shake hands and put their free hand on each other’s shoulder. In the Middle East and Thailand, it is very rude 8 (show) the bottom of your shoe when you rest one leg on top of the other. So be 9 (care) when you’re sitting on the bus or in a café! The world of body language can be very difficult to understand. So when you are abroad, be very aware of 10 you are saying with your body! Do you want to learn about French culture? The following may help you know better about it. Eating & Drinking You’d better not serve any drinks before all guests arrive—some are an hour or more late! If someone offers you 1 drink, wait until the host toasts (为……干杯) everyone’s health before 2 (take) the drink. Remember, if you visit a French person’s house, never pour your own drinks when you have dinner with the host. At last, it’s polite 3 (eat) everything that is on your plate, for your friends try 4 (they) best to do it for you. Of course, you shouldn’t start eating 5 the host does. Conversations The French love talking, but there are some 6 (thing) that you shouldn’t talk about, such as money, or they may get mad.  It’s 7 (good) to talk about food and drinks at the table. When talking about something, you shouldn’t raise your voice. The French often stand close when they talk, so you should get used to doing that like them. Phone Calls Always introduce yourself 8 (one) before speaking to someone on the telephone. 9 (surprise), it’s common to call at meal times in France, eg., from 12:00 to 14:00, when you can usually find someone at home. If you call 10 the morning, you should say sorry for disturbing them. And you shouldn’t make phone calls after 14:00 when many people have a rest. 根据短文内容,在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 I have been in China for a month. My Chinese friends are very kind and make me feel at home, but I have noticed some 1 (interest) differences in manners. In the UK, people always use “please” to be polite. Chinese people have their own way. For example, they usually use nín to call others in formal situations. Using nín is a good way to 2 (polite) and respect. When it comes to praise, Chinese people act 3 (different) from British people. If someone says my Chinese is good, I 4 (be) happy and tell them I love learning Chinese. But when I praise my Chinese friends, they often smile and say “Nali, nali” instead of 5 “thank you.” They are too modest to accept praise directly. In China, eating together is a special way for people to get close. Once, my host 6 (invite) me to dinner. He was very hospitable, asking me to eat more and 7 (put) food on my plate. This was his way 8 (show) care. I was too polite to refuse. In the UK, people ask guests if everything is OK and 9 if they want more drinks to show care. It’s hard to get used to these differences at first. My advice is that when in another country, do as 10 local people do. As an old saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” I learned the meaning of this when I studied in Russia. One day I 1 (invite) some of my Chinese friends to a famous local restaurant in Moscow. My guests and I were excited about 2 (visit) Red Square and happy about our meeting. We had a warm chat until the waiter told me that we were being too loud. We turned our voices 3 . But this didn’t last long. The waiter came over to us two more times with 4 same message. How bad an 5 (impress) we left on the local people! In China, it’s common and important for a host 6 (make) a lively atmosphere. 7 , in Russia and Western countries, having a meal in a public place 8 (mean) you must keep quiet. You need to be polite to others. I felt bad about this. Even though we tried 9 (we) best, it was very difficult to develop a new habit. Finding the balance between 10 (culture) is much fun. I’d like to keep my eyes and mind open. 进阶拓展训练5篇 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cross-cultural communication is becoming more and more important today. Many people travel or work abroad, 1 they need to learn about different customs. People in different countries have different ways 2 (greet) each other. For example, people in China usually shake hands when they meet, 3 people in Japan often bow. In some European countries, people kiss each other on the cheeks. It’s important 4 (know) these differences. Table manners are also different around the world. In China, it’s polite to wait 5 the elders to start eating. In Western countries, you should use forks and knives 6 (proper). It’s rude to talk with food in your mouth in most countries. Body language is another important part. 7 (point) at others with your finger is impolite in many places. 8 (smile) is usually a friendly gesture everywhere. 9 (final), we should always be open-minded and respect other cultures. 10 (understand) different cultures can help us get along well with people from all over the world. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It’s useful to know more about table manners, 1 (especial) when one might travel to foreign countries. In India, you’re expected to wash your hands before and after a meal. And remember to eat with the right hand. You can’t waste food. You should finish everything on the plate. The time you leave the table 2 (depend) on whether all the guests complete their meals or not. In Japan, before 3 (eat), politely wait for your host’s invitation three times. The 4 (young) guest at the table pours drinks for the eldest one first, and then for the rest of the diners. You can’t pass food from one pair of chopsticks 5 another. When women use chopsticks to bring food to 6 (they) mouths, they need to put their hands under the food, but men needn’t do so. While eating hot noodles, it’s acceptable 7 (make) an eating noise as the Japanese think this noise makes the food more delicious. In Pakistan, people start the meal when the eldest member of the family has taken 8 seat at the table. One should always keep quiet 9 that no one else can hear the sound of eating. Always break the bread into 10 (piece), and you can only use your right hand. Eye contact means looking into other people’s eyes. This is 1 very important part of body language. It can be the key to communication. Eye contact can show 2 (feel) such as friendliness, interest and understanding. In Western 3 (country) using eye contact in conversations is very important. If you do not use eye contact, Westerners may think that you are not 4 (listen). And if you look away, they may also think that you are lying. 5 in many Asian (亚洲的) countries, looking down when talking 6 an older person, like a teacher or a parent, is polite. 7 (this) differences can cause (造成) problems. For example, an Asian person might look down while listening to a Western speaker. The Western speaker might think this person is not 8 (interest) in what he or she is saying. Not using eye contact can cause problems, but using too much is 9 (polite), too. In many countries, watching other people, 10 (especial) strangers, for a long time is impolite. This may make them feel nervous. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或使用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 Do you know what culture shock is? You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is 1 different from your own 2 you feel surprised. For example, I experienced this 3 I got off the plane in Peru last year. People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus! That was really 4 (surprise) to me. In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don’t stand close to someone 5 we know them very well. But once I was used to it, I became more 6 (interest) in learning about the culture there. Learning about different 7 (culture) is important. It helps us understand people from other countries. In Japan, people bow when they meet. In France, people kiss cheeks. In India, people say “Namaste” and press their palms together. These 8 (greet) show respect. If you visit a foreign country, you should learn about their customs. For example, in China, it’s polite 9 (bring) a small gift when you visit someone. And remember, don’t stick chopsticks into a bowl of rice. It’s 10 (consider) very rude. 阅读短文，根据情景或所给单词提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词或其适当形式，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Traders on the Silk Road played an important role in spreading Chinese culture. They usually 1 (travel) with large groups to protect their goods. One of the 2 (popular) goods they carried was silk. Foreigners loved silk because of its soft texture and 3 (beauty) colors. The traders also brought Chinese herbal medicine to other countries, which was good for 4 (treat) their illnesses. A young trader once shared his story: he learned 5 (he) family’s trade from his father. His father told him that respecting tradition was as important as making money. 6 (lucky), he followed this advice and became successful. They also carried different 7 (kind) of tea from China. 8 tea soon became popular in Western countries because of its nice taste. Traders not only sold goods 9 also shared Chinese customs with foreigners. Through these trips, the Silk Road connected different cultures 10 each other for centuries. 能力综合实践5篇 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或使用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Do you know what culture shock is? You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is 1 different from your own 2 you feel surprised. For example, I experienced this 3 I got off the plane in Peru last year. People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus! That was really 4 (surprise) to me. In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don’t stand close to someone 5 we know them very well. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and 6 (interest) in learning about the culture there. It’s so 7 (interest) to discover cultural differences like this! Every country has its own customs and traditions. What is normal in one place might be 8 (surprise) in another. For example, in Japan, people bow as soon as they meet someone. In the US, people usually just say “hello” or shake hands. In France, it’s common to kiss on the cheek. Learning about these differences can be 9 (excite). It helps us understand and respect other 10 (culture). The world is full of amazing cultural diversity! 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every country has its own special customs and etiquette (礼仪). In Japan, people usually bow to greet each other. A small bow might mean a simple hello, while a deeper and longer bow 1 (show) more respect. When you enter 2 Japanese house or some private places, you have to take off your shoes. In France, friends and people 3 know each other often greet with a kiss on both cheeks. French people also pay a lot of attention to table manners. For example, your hands should be kept on the table but not your elbows, and you should use the right 4 (knife) and forks in the right order. In Saudi Arabia, because of their religious beliefs (宗教信仰), people have to dress properly. Men usually wear long 5 (tradition) robes (长袍). For women, their bodies and heads should 6 (cover) when they are in public. Their greetings are more formal and sometimes include special religious words. In India, it is very important 7 (respect) old people. Young people often touch the feet of the elders to show their respect. Also, in some cases, the left hand is thought to be not clean, so people 8 (main) use the right hand to eat and to give or receive things. Knowing and respecting these different customs helps us make friends 9 people from other countries and avoid making mistakes in communication. It makes 10 (we) understand more about different cultures in the world and makes cross-cultural communication better. Knowing more about a foreign country when you travel there is very useful. Here are some table manners in different countries. In India, you need to wash your hands before and after 1 meal. And remember that you can’t waste food. You should finish everything on the plate. The time you leave the table depends on whether (是否) all the 2 (guest) finish their meals. In Japan, before eating, it is polite 3 (wait) for your host’s invitation (邀请) three times. The 4 (young) guest at the table pours drinks for the oldest person 5 (one), and then for others. You can’t pass food from your own chopsticks 6 another. While eating hot noodles, it is better to make an eating noise as the Japanese think this noise 7 (show) respect for the meal and the cook. The way for the Japanese to drink soup is to bring the bowls to 8 (they) mouths instead of using spoons. Besides, men usually pour wine (酒) with one hand, 9 women should use both hands. 10 (final), if you are not sure what to do, you can always follow the others and do as they do. Most people find waiting boring, 1 the British are an exception. As a British person myself, I’ve noticed that we often take this habit calmly, and many of us are even 2 (please) to follow this unspoken social rule. The start of this habit dates back to the early 19th century, when the Industrial Revolution began in England. As cities grew bigger and more 3 (crowd), daily activities like posting letters or shopping became messy without a system. Waiting in line naturally came up as 4 way to keep order, preventing people from 5 (get) angry with each other. This practice only 6 (grow) stronger during World War II. In difficult times, keeping order was important, so people were encouraged to do their duty and wait 7 (patient) for what they needed. Over time, waiting in line has 8 (develop) into a symbol of British culture. We believe that showing 9 (polite) means respecting others, and waiting in line is one of the simplest ways to do that. From busy train stations to small shops, the sight of people waiting calmly is common 10 the UK. It’s not just a habit, it’s a way of life. 语法填空。 Every year, November 21 is World Hello Day. On this day, all you have to do is 1 (say) hello and give a greeting to people you meet! Of course, they can be family 2 (member) and friends or strangers (陌生人). It started 3 1973. The meaning behind it is “Say hello and stop war”. Saying hello to someone can make a big 4 (different). For example, a small thing like a greeting can mean a lot to shy people. Because they find it is very hard to talk with other people. Saying hello to a stranger is a small thing, but through it we can make the world a 5 (good) place than before. In China, people usually say “Ni Hao.” when they meet each other. 6 how do people greet each other in English-speaking countries? You may have some ideas in your mind. People 7 (usual) ask “How are you?”. You can answer “Very good, thanks!” You can also ask “And you?” In the UK, between good friends, they say “You all right?” and “I’m good. Any 8 (plan) for this weekend?” People also say “How’s it going?” But it isn’t really 9 question. It just means “hello”. People often answer “Good!” or “Not bad!” Another popular greeting is “Hey, boy!” But it is usually among 10 (boy). Another popular greeting is “Hey, girl!” In the world, people use thousands of languages to say hello to each other. 8 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 7 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 单元话题（跨文化沟通）语法填空进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 A small talk is a good way to kill time and make friends. If you travel to other 1 (country), do you know what to say to start an excellent small talk with local (当地的) people? In the UK the best topic is the weather. British weather changes quite often. You can start to talk by saying “Wow, it is 2 (rain) heavily now. Maybe it will be sunny a few hours later.” Besides 3 weather, you can talk about gardens. For example, you could say, “Those flowers look really beautiful, don’t they?” English people love their pets. 4 it’s nice to begin with “What a lovely dog! What’s 5 (it) name?” In America, people like to talk about sports, such as American football and basketball. You can also begin talking 6 (easy) with clothes. “It’s a nice shirt. Where did you get it?” “I 7 (buy) it in a store near my home.” Of course, you shouldn’t talk about some topics. Don’t 8 (ask) people “How old are you?” Age is usually a secret for women. Never ask “How much money do you make?” It 9 (make) people unhappy. Don’t ask strangers (陌生人) whether (是否) they have a girlfriend 10 a boyfriend. 【答案】 1．countries 2．raining 3．the 4．So 5．its 6．easily 7．bought 8．ask 9．makes 10．or 【导语】本文介绍了在不同国家进行闲聊的合适话题和禁忌，帮助读者在旅行时更好地与当地人交流。 1．句意：如果你去其他国家旅行，你知道该说些什么来和当地人开启一段愉快的闲聊吗？“other”后接可数名词复数，“country”的复数形式为“countries”，故填countries。 2．句意：哇，现在雨下得真大。“is”后接现在分词构成现在进行时，“rain”的现在分词为“raining”，故填raining。 3．句意：除了天气，你还可以谈论花园。“the weather”是固定表达，特指双方都知道的天气话题，故填the。 4．句意：所以，用 “多可爱的狗啊！它叫什么名字？”来开启对话很不错。前文提到英国人喜欢宠物，此处用“So”承接上文，引出结果，故填So。 5．句意：它叫什么名字？此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词“name”，“it”的形容词性物主代词为“its”，故填its。 6．句意：你也可以轻松地从衣服聊起。此处需要副词修饰动词“begin”，“easy”的副词形式为“easily”，故填easily。 7．句意：我在我家附近的一家商店买的它。问句用一般过去时，答句也用一般过去时，“buy”的过去式为“bought”，故填bought。 8．句意：不要问别人 “你多大了？”“Don’t”后接动词原形，故填ask。 9．句意：这会让人们不开心。句子为一般现在时，主语“It”是第三人称单数，谓语动词“make”用第三人称单数形式“makes”，故填makes。 10．句意：不要问陌生人他们是否有女朋友或男朋友。在否定句中表示“和”用“or”，故填or。 Are you going abroad on holiday this year? Are you thinking about 1 (learn) some of the local languages? Well, you should learn about body language too. It means you use your head and hands instead of words 2 (express) meanings. Body language has different meanings in different cultures. For example, in some Western cultures, people show they don’t understand or they don’t care about something by 3 (shrug) their shoulders. This isn’t common in other places. In Japan, people bow when they greet each other or say 4 (goodbye). This isn’t done in other parts of the world. Another example is nodding. People usually nod 5 (show) agreement. However, in Greece, people nod their heads to say “no”! Sometimes people think they understand the body language of a certain culture, but in fact, they 6 (do not). Take kissing as an example. In many European cultures, women and children are kissed on each cheek by family members or friends. Do you know that Europeans often greet close friends with a kiss on the cheek? However, it is uncommon for two men 7 (do) so. Instead, they usually shake hands and put their free hand on each other’s shoulder. In the Middle East and Thailand, it is very rude 8 (show) the bottom of your shoe when you rest one leg on top of the other. So be 9 (care) when you’re sitting on the bus or in a café! The world of body language can be very difficult to understand. So when you are abroad, be very aware of 10 you are saying with your body! 【答案】 1．learning 2． to express 3．shrugging 4． goodbye 5．to show 6．don’t 7．to do 8．to show 9．careful 10．what 【导语】本文介绍肢体语言在不同文化中的差异，提醒出国旅行时注意非语言沟通。 1．句意：你在考虑学习一些当地语言吗？“think about”是动词短语，后接名词或动名词作宾语，故用learning。 2．句意：这意味着你使用头和手代替词语来表达意思。空格处表示使用头和手的目的，需用动词不定式作目的状语，故用to express。 3．句意：例如，在一些西方文化中，人们通过耸肩来表示他们不理解或不关心某事。介词“by”后需接动名词作宾语，表示方式，故用shrugging。 4．句意：在日本，人们互相问候或说再见时鞠躬。“say goodbye”是动词短语，意为“说再见”，goodbye直接用原形。 5．句意：人们通常点头表示同意。空格处表示点头的目的，需用动词不定式作目的状语，故用to show。 6．句意：有时人们以为自己理解某一文化的肢体语言，但事实上，他们根本不理解。空格处所在句与“they understand”形成转折，需用一般现在时的否定形式，主语“they”是复数，故用don’t。 7．句意：然而，两个男人这样做是不常见的。“It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”句型中，it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语，故用to do。 8．句意：在中东和泰国，当你翘二郎腿时露出鞋底是非常粗鲁的。“It is+形容词+to do sth.”句型中，it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语，故用to show。 9．句意：所以在公交车上或咖啡馆里坐着时要小心。空格前有“be”，需用形容词作表语，表示“小心的”，care的形容词形式是careful。 10．句意：所以当你出国时，要非常注意你的身体在说什么！介词“of”后需接宾语从句，从句中“you are saying”缺少宾语，表示“所说的内容”，需用连接代词what引导。 Do you want to learn about French culture? The following may help you know better about it. Eating & Drinking You’d better not serve any drinks before all guests arrive—some are an hour or more late! If someone offers you 1 drink, wait until the host toasts (为……干杯) everyone’s health before 2 (take) the drink. Remember, if you visit a French person’s house, never pour your own drinks when you have dinner with the host. At last, it’s polite 3 (eat) everything that is on your plate, for your friends try 4 (they) best to do it for you. Of course, you shouldn’t start eating 5 the host does. Conversations The French love talking, but there are some 6 (thing) that you shouldn’t talk about, such as money, or they may get mad.  It’s 7 (good) to talk about food and drinks at the table. When talking about something, you shouldn’t raise your voice. The French often stand close when they talk, so you should get used to doing that like them. Phone Calls Always introduce yourself 8 (one) before speaking to someone on the telephone. 9 (surprise), it’s common to call at meal times in France, eg., from 12:00 to 14:00, when you can usually find someone at home. If you call 10 the morning, you should say sorry for disturbing them. And you shouldn’t make phone calls after 14:00 when many people have a rest. 【答案】 1．a 2．taking 3．to eat 4．their 5．until/till/before 6．things 7．better 8．first 9．Surprisingly 10．in 【导语】本文从饮食、对话、电话沟通三个方面，介绍了法国的文化习俗和注意事项，帮助读者更好地了解法国文化、避免文化误解。 1．句意：如果有人给你提供一杯饮料，要等主人为所有人的健康干杯后再喝这杯饮料。“drink”此处为可数名词，意为“一杯饮料”，且此处表示泛指“一杯饮料”，需用不定冠词修饰；“drink”以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。 2．句意：如果有人给你提供一杯饮料，要等主人为所有人的健康干杯后再喝这杯饮料。“before”为介词，介词后面接动词时，需用动词的-ing形式，需用taking。 3．句意：最后，把盘子里的所有东西都吃完是有礼貌的，因为你的朋友已经尽了最大努力为你准备。此处考查固定句型“It’s+形容词+to do sth.”，表示“做某事是……的”，其中“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to eat。 4．句意：最后，把盘子里的所有东西都吃完是有礼貌的，因为你的朋友已经尽了最大努力为你准备。“try one’s best to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”；主语是“your friends”，对应的形容词性物主代词是their。 5．句意：当然，在主人开始吃之前，你不应该开始吃。结合法国饮食礼仪和句意可知，此处表示“在……之前”，可填until、till或before，均符合语境，强调需等待主人先动筷。 6．句意：法国人喜欢聊天，但有一些事情你不应该谈论，比如金钱，否则他们可能会生气。“some”后面接可数名词复数形式，“thing”是可数名词，其复数形式为things。 7．句意：在餐桌上谈论食物和饮料会更好。结合前文“有一些不该谈论的话题”，此处暗含“谈论食物饮料”与“谈论禁忌话题”的对比，需用形容词的比较级；“good”的比较级better符合语境。 8．句意：在电话里和别人说话之前，一定要先介绍自己。结合句意，此处表示“首先、最先”，用来强调介绍自己是打电话的第一步，需用副词first，修饰前面的动词 “introduce”。 9．句意：令人惊讶的是，在法国，吃饭时间打电话是很常见的，比如从12:00到14:00，这时候你通常能找到在家的人。此处需要一个副词，用来修饰整个句子，表达“令人惊讶的是”；“surprise”是名词，其副词形式为Surprisingly，且句首单词首字母需大写。 10．句意：如果你在早上打电话，你应该为打扰他们而道歉。“在早上” 常用固定搭配“in the morning”，此处为具体语境下的“早上”，需加in。 根据短文内容,在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 I have been in China for a month. My Chinese friends are very kind and make me feel at home, but I have noticed some 1 (interest) differences in manners. In the UK, people always use “please” to be polite. Chinese people have their own way. For example, they usually use nín to call others in formal situations. Using nín is a good way to 2 (polite) and respect. When it comes to praise, Chinese people act 3 (different) from British people. If someone says my Chinese is good, I 4 (be) happy and tell them I love learning Chinese. But when I praise my Chinese friends, they often smile and say “Nali, nali” instead of 5 “thank you.” They are too modest to accept praise directly. In China, eating together is a special way for people to get close. Once, my host 6 (invite) me to dinner. He was very hospitable, asking me to eat more and 7 (put) food on my plate. This was his way 8 (show) care. I was too polite to refuse. In the UK, people ask guests if everything is OK and 9 if they want more drinks to show care. It’s hard to get used to these differences at first. My advice is that when in another country, do as 10 local people do. 【答案】 1．interesting 2．be polite 3．differently 4．will be 5．saying 6．invited 7．putting 8．to show 9．ask 10．the 【导语】这是一篇文化对比类的记叙文，作者以自己在中国旅居一个月的亲身经历为视角，对比了中英两国在礼貌用语、赞美回应和餐桌礼仪三个方面的文化差异，最后给出在异国他乡要入乡随俗的建议。 1．句意：我的中国朋友非常友善，让我感觉宾至如归，但我注意到一些有趣的礼仪差异。名词“differences”前需用形容词修饰，“interest”的形容词形式是“interesting”。 2．句意：使用“您”是一种礼貌和表达尊重的好方式。“a good way to...”译为“做某事的好方式”，“to”后接动词原形，此处“polite”需转换为动词形式“be polite”，符合语境。 3．句意：说到赞美，中国人的行为方式与英国人不同。动词“act”需用副词修饰，“different”的副词形式是“differently”。 4．句意：如果有人说我的中文很好，我会很高兴，并告诉他们我喜欢学习中文。“if”引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。故填will be。 5．句意：但当我赞美我的中国朋友时，他们常常微笑着说“哪里，哪里”，而不是说“谢谢”。“instead of” 是介词短语，译为“代替；而不是”，后接动名词形式。此处“说谢谢”是动词短语，需用动名词形式 saying。 6．句意：有一次，我的主人邀请我共进晚餐。“once”译为“曾经”，用于描述过去的动作，句子用一般过去时，“invite”的过去时形式是“invited”。 7．句意：他非常好客，让我多吃点，并把食物放在我的盘子里。“asking me to eat more”与...(put) food on my plate” 都是好客的表现，由并列连词“and”连接，前后动词形式应一致。故填putting。 8．句意：这是他表达关心的方式。此处需用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰“way”，表示“做某事的方式”。故填to show。 9．句意：在英国，人们会问客人一切是否安好，并询问他们是否需要更多饮料来表达关心。“and”连接并列动作，前文是“ask guests if...”，后文需与“ask”并列，用动词原形，表示“询问是否需要更多饮料”。故填ask。 10．句意：我的建议是，当在另一个国家时，入乡随俗。“local people”译为“当地人”，表特指时，其前需加定冠词“the”。 As an old saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” I learned the meaning of this when I studied in Russia. One day I 1 (invite) some of my Chinese friends to a famous local restaurant in Moscow. My guests and I were excited about 2 (visit) Red Square and happy about our meeting. We had a warm chat until the waiter told me that we were being too loud. We turned our voices 3 . But this didn’t last long. The waiter came over to us two more times with 4 same message. How bad an 5 (impress) we left on the local people! In China, it’s common and important for a host 6 (make) a lively atmosphere. 7 , in Russia and Western countries, having a meal in a public place 8 (mean) you must keep quiet. You need to be polite to others. I felt bad about this. Even though we tried 9 (we) best, it was very difficult to develop a new habit. Finding the balance between 10 (culture) is much fun. I’d like to keep my eyes and mind open. 【答案】 1．invited 2．visiting 3．down 4．the 5．impression 6．to make 7．However 8．means 9．our 10．cultures 【导语】本文讲述了作者在俄罗斯学习期间，因文化差异而经历的一件印象深刻的事，进而引发对不同文化间差异与平衡的思考。 1．句意：一天，我邀请我的一些中国朋友去莫斯科一家著名的当地餐馆。根据“One day”可知，此处用一般过去时，动词用过去式invited。 2．句意：我和我的客人们对参观红场感到兴奋，也对我们的会面感到高兴。about是介词，其后跟动名词visiting作宾语。 3．句意：我们降低了声音。根据“the waiter told me that we were being too loud”可知，服务员说我们太吵了，所以我们降低了声音，turn down“降低”，固定短语。 4．句意：服务员又带着同样的信息向我们走了两次。same前通常加定冠词the，表示“同样的”。 5．句意：我们给当地人留下了多么糟糕的印象啊！an后跟名词单数impression“印象”。 6．句意：在中国，主人营造活跃的气氛是常见且重要的。it is+adj+for sb to do sth“对某人来说做某事是……的”，固定句型，所以空处用动词不定式to make。 7．句意：然而，在俄罗斯和西方国家，在公共场所吃饭意味着你必须保持安静。根据“In China, it’s common and important for a host...a lively atmosphere.”以及“in Russia and Western countries, having a meal in a public place...you must keep quiet.”可知，前后句是转折关系，且空后有逗号，所以用however“然而”表示转折，句首首字母大写。 8．句意：然而，在俄罗斯和西方国家，在公共场所吃饭意味着你必须保持安静。本句陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时，主语是动名词短语“having a meal in a public place”，谓语动词用三单形式means。 9．句意：尽管我们尽了最大努力，但养成一个新习惯还是很困难的。try one’s best“尽某人最大努力”，固定短语，此处用we的形容词性物主代词our。 10．句意：在文化之间找到平衡是很有趣的。between是介词，其后跟名词culture“文化”，此处用复数形式cultures表示“多种文化”。 进阶拓展训练5篇 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cross-cultural communication is becoming more and more important today. Many people travel or work abroad, 1 they need to learn about different customs. People in different countries have different ways 2 (greet) each other. For example, people in China usually shake hands when they meet, 3 people in Japan often bow. In some European countries, people kiss each other on the cheeks. It’s important 4 (know) these differences. Table manners are also different around the world. In China, it’s polite to wait 5 the elders to start eating. In Western countries, you should use forks and knives 6 (proper). It’s rude to talk with food in your mouth in most countries. Body language is another important part. 7 (point) at others with your finger is impolite in many places. 8 (smile) is usually a friendly gesture everywhere. 9 (final), we should always be open-minded and respect other cultures. 10 (understand) different cultures can help us get along well with people from all over the world. 【答案】 1．so 2．to greet 3．while 4．to know 5．for 6．properly 7．Pointing 8．Smiling 9．Finally 10．Understanding 【导语】本文主要介绍了跨文化交流中不同国家的习俗差异，包括问候方式、餐桌礼仪、肢体语言以及应对态度等相关信息。 1．句意：许多人出国旅行或工作，所以他们需要了解不同的习俗。根据“Many people travel or work abroad...they need to learn about different customs.”可知，前后句为因果关系，前因后果，所以用so“所以”连接。故填so。 2．句意：不同国家的人有不同的问候方式。the way to do sth.“做某事的方式”，固定搭配，所以此处用动词不定式。故填to greet。 3．句意：例如，中国人见面时通常握手，而日本人经常鞠躬。根据“people in China usually shake hands when they meet...people in Japan often bow.”可知，前后句为转折关系，所以用while“然而”连接。故填while。 4．句意：了解这些差异很重要。It’s+形容词+to do sth.“做某事是……的”，固定句型，所以此处用动词不定式。故填to know。 5．句意：在中国，等长辈开始吃饭是有礼貌的。wait for sb. to do sth.“等待某人做某事”，固定搭配，所以此处用介词for。故填for。 6．句意：在西方国家，你应该正确使用刀叉。根据“you should use forks and knives...”可知，此处用副词properly“正确地”修饰动词use。故填properly。 7．句意：在许多地方，用手指指着别人是不礼貌的。分析句子结构可知，此处用动名词作主语，pointing“指着”，句首首字母大写。故填Pointing。 8．句意：微笑在任何地方通常都是友好的表示。分析句子结构可知，此处用动名词作主语，smiling“微笑”，句首首字母大写。故填Smiling。 9．句意：最后，我们应该始终保持开放的心态，尊重其他文化。根据“...we should always be open-minded and respect other cultures.”可知，此处用副词finally“最后”作状语，句首首字母大写。故填Finally。 10．句意：了解不同的文化可以帮助我们与来自世界各地的人友好相处。分析句子结构可知，此处用动名词作主语，understanding“理解”，句首首字母大写。故填Understanding。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It’s useful to know more about table manners, 1 (especial) when one might travel to foreign countries. In India, you’re expected to wash your hands before and after a meal. And remember to eat with the right hand. You can’t waste food. You should finish everything on the plate. The time you leave the table 2 (depend) on whether all the guests complete their meals or not. In Japan, before 3 (eat), politely wait for your host’s invitation three times. The 4 (young) guest at the table pours drinks for the eldest one first, and then for the rest of the diners. You can’t pass food from one pair of chopsticks 5 another. When women use chopsticks to bring food to 6 (they) mouths, they need to put their hands under the food, but men needn’t do so. While eating hot noodles, it’s acceptable 7 (make) an eating noise as the Japanese think this noise makes the food more delicious. In Pakistan, people start the meal when the eldest member of the family has taken 8 seat at the table. One should always keep quiet 9 that no one else can hear the sound of eating. Always break the bread into 10 (piece), and you can only use your right hand. 【答案】 1．especially 2．depends 3．eating 4．youngest 5．to 6．their 7．to make 8．a 9．so 10．pieces 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了不同国家的餐桌礼仪，包括印度、日本和巴基斯坦等国家在用餐时的不同习惯和要求。 1．句意：多了解一些餐桌礼仪是有用的，尤其是当一个人可能要去国外旅行的时候。分析句子结构可知，此处应填一个副词来修饰整个句子，表示强调或进一步说明。especial的副词形式为especially，意为“尤其，特别”，符合语境。故填especially。 2．句意：你离开餐桌的时间取决于是否所有客人都吃完了饭。分析句子结构可知，此句缺少谓语动词，且根据语境可知，此句描述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时。主语“The time”为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词depend也要用第三人称单数形式depends。故填depends。 3．句意：在日本，在吃饭前，要礼貌地等待主人的三次邀请。分析句子结构可知，before为介词，其后应接动名词形式作宾语。eat的动名词形式为eating。故填eating。 4．句意：桌上最年轻的客人先给最年长的客人倒饮料，然后再给其他用餐者倒。根据语境可知，此处是在描述餐桌上的礼仪，即年轻的客人要给年长的客人倒饮料。再结合空前的定冠词The和空后的比较范围“at the table”可知，此处应用young的最高级形式youngest，表示“最年轻的”。故填youngest。 5．句意：你不能把食物从一双筷子传到另一双筷子。根据语境可知，此处是在描述餐桌上的一个禁忌，即不能把食物从一双筷子传到另一双筷子。from...to...为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”，符合语境。故填to。 6．句意：当女性用筷子把食物送到嘴里时，她们需要把手放在食物下面，但男性不必这样做。分析句子结构可知，此处应填一个形容词性物主代词来修饰名词mouths，表示“她们的”。they的形容词性物主代词为their。故填their。 7．句意：吃热面条时，发出吃东西的声音是可以接受的，因为日本人认为这种声音会让食物更美味。分析句子结构可知，此句为“it is+形容词+to do sth.”结构，表示“做某事是……的”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式。make的动词不定式形式为to make。故填to make。 8．句意：在巴基斯坦，当家庭中最年长的成员在餐桌旁就座后，人们才开始用餐。根据语境可知，此处是在描述巴基斯坦的餐桌礼仪，即家庭中最年长的成员就座后，其他人才开始用餐。take a seat为固定搭配，意为“就座”，符合语境。故填a。 9．句意：一个人应该总是保持安静，这样别人就听不到吃东西的声音了。分析句子结构可知，此处应填一个连词来连接前后两个句子，表示目的或结果。so that为固定搭配，意为“以便，为了”，符合语境。故填so。 10．句意：总是把面包掰成小块，而且你只能用右手。根据语境可知，此处是在描述巴基斯坦的餐桌礼仪，即要把面包掰成小块。piece为可数名词，意为“块，片”，此处应用其复数形式pieces表示泛指。故填pieces。 Eye contact means looking into other people’s eyes. This is 1 very important part of body language. It can be the key to communication. Eye contact can show 2 (feel) such as friendliness, interest and understanding. In Western 3 (country) using eye contact in conversations is very important. If you do not use eye contact, Westerners may think that you are not 4 (listen). And if you look away, they may also think that you are lying. 5 in many Asian (亚洲的) countries, looking down when talking 6 an older person, like a teacher or a parent, is polite. 7 (this) differences can cause (造成) problems. For example, an Asian person might look down while listening to a Western speaker. The Western speaker might think this person is not 8 (interest) in what he or she is saying. Not using eye contact can cause problems, but using too much is 9 (polite), too. In many countries, watching other people, 10 (especial) strangers, for a long time is impolite. This may make them feel nervous. 【答案】 1．a 2．feelings 3．countries 4．listening 5．But 6．with/to 7．These 8．interested 9．impolite 10．especially 【导语】本文主要讲述了眼神交流在不同文化中的含义差异，说明了它在西方国家被视为专注和诚实的表现，而在一些亚洲国家则可能表示尊重。 1．句意：这是身体语言中非常重要的一部分。“part”是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，用不定冠词a。故填a。 2．句意：眼神交流可以表现出友好、兴趣和理解等情感。such as后应列举名词，feel的名词形式为feelings，意为“情感”，且根据下文“friendliness, interest and understanding”可知，此处应用复数形式表示多种情感。故填feelings。 3．句意：在西方国家，在交谈中使用眼神交流非常重要。country为可数名词，根据“Western”可知，此处应用复数形式表示泛指。故填countries。 4．句意：如果你不使用眼神交流，西方人可能会认为你没有在听。根据“are not”可知，句子时态为现在进行时，其结构为“be doing sth.”因此，空处应用动词的现在分词构成现在进行时，listen的现在分词为listening。故填listening。 5．句意：然而，在许多亚洲国家，与长辈交谈时低头是礼貌的。根据“And if you look away, they may also think that you are lying…in many Asian countries, looking down when talking…is polite. ”可知，前后句为转折关系，应用but表示转折，并且位于句首时，首字母应大写。故填But。 6．句意：然而，在许多亚洲国家，与长辈交谈时低头是礼貌的。根据“looking down when talking…an older person, like a teacher or a parent, is polite. ”可知，此处表达“与长辈交谈时”，talk with/to sb.“与某人交谈”，动词短语。故填with/to。 7．句意：这些差异可能会导致沟通问题。根据“…differences can cause problems.”及提示词可知，differences“差异”，名词复数，因此，空处应用these“这些”，修饰，并且位于句首时，首字母应大写。故填These。 8．句意：西方演讲者可能会认为这个人对他或她所说的内容不感兴趣。be interested in为固定搭配，意为“对……感兴趣”，此处应用interested作形容词。故填interested。 9．句意：不使用眼神交流可能会造成问题，但使用太多也是不礼貌的。根据“but using too much is…too.”及提示词可知，此处表示“也不礼貌”，应用形容词作表语，impolite“不礼貌的”，形容词。故填impolite。 10．句意：在许多国家，长时间注视别人，尤其是陌生人，是不礼貌的。根据“In many countries, watching other people…strangers, for a long time is impolite.”及提示词可知，空处应用副词作状语，especially“尤其”，副词。故填especially。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或使用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 Do you know what culture shock is? You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is 1 different from your own 2 you feel surprised. For example, I experienced this 3 I got off the plane in Peru last year. People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus! That was really 4 (surprise) to me. In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don’t stand close to someone 5 we know them very well. But once I was used to it, I became more 6 (interest) in learning about the culture there. Learning about different 7 (culture) is important. It helps us understand people from other countries. In Japan, people bow when they meet. In France, people kiss cheeks. In India, people say “Namaste” and press their palms together. These 8 (greet) show respect. If you visit a foreign country, you should learn about their customs. For example, in China, it’s polite 9 (bring) a small gift when you visit someone. And remember, don’t stick chopsticks into a bowl of rice. It’s 10 (consider) very rude. 【答案】 1．so 2．that 3．as soon as 4．surprising 5．unless 6．interested 7．cultures 8．greetings 9．to bring 10．considered 【导语】本文解释了文化冲击的概念，并通过作者在秘鲁的亲身经历以及其他国家的文化习俗，说明了了解不同文化的重要性以及入乡随俗的必要性。 1．句意：当你在体验一种新文化时可能会感受到它，因为新文化与你自己（的文化）如此不同，以至于你感到惊讶。“so...that...”是固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，空格后是形容词“different”，需用so修饰。 2．句意：当你在体验一种新文化时可能会感受到它，因为新文化与你自己（的文化）如此不同，以至于你感到惊讶。“so...that...”是固定句型，that引导结果状语从句。 3．句意：例如，去年我在秘鲁一下飞机就经历了这一点。空格连接两个动作“got off the plane”和“experienced this”，表示两个动作几乎同时发生，需用从属连词as soon as引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。 4．句意：那对我来说真的很令人惊讶。空格处作表语，修饰物（That指代前面描述的现象），需用-ing结尾的形容词surprising，意为“令人惊讶的”。 5．句意：在德国，人们通常喜欢更多的个人空间，我们不会站得离某人很近，除非我们非常了解他们。空格后是完整的句子“we know them very well”，与前文构成条件关系，表示“除非我们非常了解他们，否则不会站得很近”，需用从属连词unless引导条件状语从句。 6．句意：但是一旦我习惯了，我就对学习那里的文化变得更感兴趣了。“become interested in”是形容词短语，意为“对……感兴趣”，修饰人需用-ed结尾的形容词interested。 7．句意：了解不同的文化很重要。“different”后需接可数名词复数，表示“不同的文化”，culture在此处意为“文化”时为可数名词，故用cultures。 8．句意：这些问候方式表示尊重。空格处作主语，前有“These”修饰，需用可数名词复数，greeting意为“问候方式”，复数形式为greetings。 9．句意：例如，在中国，拜访某人时带上一份小礼物是礼貌的。“It’s +形容词+to do sth.”是固定句型，it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语，故用to bring。 10．句意：这被认为是非常粗鲁的。主语“It”与动词“consider”之间是动宾关系，且句子描述普遍认知，需用一般现在时的被动语态，故用considered。 阅读短文，根据情景或所给单词提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词或其适当形式，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Traders on the Silk Road played an important role in spreading Chinese culture. They usually 1 (travel) with large groups to protect their goods. One of the 2 (popular) goods they carried was silk. Foreigners loved silk because of its soft texture and 3 (beauty) colors. The traders also brought Chinese herbal medicine to other countries, which was good for 4 (treat) their illnesses. A young trader once shared his story: he learned 5 (he) family’s trade from his father. His father told him that respecting tradition was as important as making money. 6 (lucky), he followed this advice and became successful. They also carried different 7 (kind) of tea from China. 8 tea soon became popular in Western countries because of its nice taste. Traders not only sold goods 9 also shared Chinese customs with foreigners. Through these trips, the Silk Road connected different cultures 10 each other for centuries. 【答案】 1．travelled/traveled 2．most popular 3．beautiful 4．treating 5．his 6．Luckily 7．kinds 8．The 9．but 10．with 【导语】本文讲述了丝绸之路上的商人在传播中国文化方面发挥的重要作用，包括他们运送的货物、传承的技艺以及连接不同文化的深远意义。 1．句意：他们通常带着庞大的队伍旅行以保护他们的货物。根据全文时态及“usually”可知，此处描述过去的习惯性动作，需用一般过去时，travel的过去式为travelled/traveled，英美拼写均可。 2．句意：他们携带的最受欢迎的商品之一是丝绸。“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定结构，表示“最……之一”，popular的最高级为most popular。 3．句意：外国人喜爱丝绸，因为它柔软的质地和美丽的颜色。修饰名词“colors”，需用形容词形式，beauty的形容词形式为beautiful，意为“美丽的”。 4．句意：商人们还把中国草药带到其他国家，这对治疗他们的疾病很有好处。“be good for”为固定短语，后接动词时需用动名词形式，treat的动名词形式为treating。 5．句意：一位年轻的商人曾分享他的故事：他向父亲学习了家族生意。修饰名词“family’s trade”，需用形容词性物主代词his，表示“他的”。 6．句意：幸运的是，他听从了这条建议并获得了成功。此处用副词修饰整个句子，表示“幸运地”，lucky的副词为luckily，句首首字母大写。 7．句意：他们还携带了来自中国的不同种类的茶叶。“different”后接可数名词复数形式，表示“不同种类”，kind的复数为kinds。 8．句意：茶叶很快因其美味在西方国家流行起来。再次提及前文出现的“tea”，需用定冠词the表示特指，句首首字母大写。 9．句意：商人们不仅出售商品，还向外国人分享中国的风俗习惯。“not only... but also...”是固定搭配，表示“不仅……而且……”。 10．句意：通过这些旅程，丝绸之路在数个世纪里将不同文化彼此连接起来。“connect... with...”是固定搭配，表示“将……与……连接”。 能力综合实践5篇 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或使用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Do you know what culture shock is? You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is 1 different from your own 2 you feel surprised. For example, I experienced this 3 I got off the plane in Peru last year. People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus! That was really 4 (surprise) to me. In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don’t stand close to someone 5 we know them very well. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and 6 (interest) in learning about the culture there. It’s so 7 (interest) to discover cultural differences like this! Every country has its own customs and traditions. What is normal in one place might be 8 (surprise) in another. For example, in Japan, people bow as soon as they meet someone. In the US, people usually just say “hello” or shake hands. In France, it’s common to kiss on the cheek. Learning about these differences can be 9 (excite). It helps us understand and respect other 10 (culture). The world is full of amazing cultural diversity! 【答案】 1．so 2．that 3．when 4．surprising 5．unless 6．interested 7．interesting 8．surprising 9．exciting 10．cultures 【导语】本文介绍了文化冲击的概念，作者结合自己去年前往秘鲁时亲身经历的文化冲击事件，对比德国对个人空间的文化习惯，举例说明不同国家拥有不同的习俗文化，指出了解文化差异能帮助我们理解、尊重不同文化，世界本身充满了奇妙的文化多样性。 1．句意：当你体验一种新文化时，你可能会感觉到，因为新文化与你自己的文化如此不同，你会感到惊讶。句中谓语动词有两个(is和feel)，两句之间是因果关系，后句是结果，且主句表语是different，因此应填so...that...引导结果状语从句。 2．句意：当你体验一种新文化时，你可能会感觉到，因为新文化与你自己的文化如此不同，你会感到惊讶。句中谓语动词有两个(is和feel)，两句之间是因果关系，后句是结果，且主句表语是different，因此应填so...that...引导结果状语从句。 3．句意：例如，去年我在秘鲁下飞机时就经历过这种情况。句中谓语动词experienced和got off两个动作紧密衔接，先后发生，应用when引导时间状语从句。 4．句意：这真的让我很惊讶。主语that指代前文的一种行为，应用-ing结尾的形容词修饰。 5．句意：在德国，人们通常喜欢更多的个人空间，除非我们非常了解他们，否则我们不会靠近他们。句子“we don’t stand close to someone...we know them very well”中有两个谓语动词，且后句是前句的条件，应用unless引导条件状语从句。 6．句意：但一旦我习惯了，我对那里的文化变得更加好奇和感兴趣。主语是I，应用-ed结尾的形容词作表语。 7．句意：发现这样的文化差异真有趣！主语是to discover cultural differences like this，应用-ing结尾的形容词修饰。 8．句意：在一个地方正常的事情在另一个地方可能会令人惊讶。主语是What is normal in one place，应用-ing结尾的形容词修饰。 9．句意：了解这些差异可能会令人兴奋。主语是Learning about these differences，应用-ing结尾的形容词修饰。 10．句意：它有助于我们理解和尊重其他文化。other后接名词复数。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every country has its own special customs and etiquette (礼仪). In Japan, people usually bow to greet each other. A small bow might mean a simple hello, while a deeper and longer bow 1 (show) more respect. When you enter 2 Japanese house or some private places, you have to take off your shoes. In France, friends and people 3 know each other often greet with a kiss on both cheeks. French people also pay a lot of attention to table manners. For example, your hands should be kept on the table but not your elbows, and you should use the right 4 (knife) and forks in the right order. In Saudi Arabia, because of their religious beliefs (宗教信仰), people have to dress properly. Men usually wear long 5 (tradition) robes (长袍). For women, their bodies and heads should 6 (cover) when they are in public. Their greetings are more formal and sometimes include special religious words. In India, it is very important 7 (respect) old people. Young people often touch the feet of the elders to show their respect. Also, in some cases, the left hand is thought to be not clean, so people 8 (main) use the right hand to eat and to give or receive things. Knowing and respecting these different customs helps us make friends 9 people from other countries and avoid making mistakes in communication. It makes 10 (we) understand more about different cultures in the world and makes cross-cultural communication better. 【答案】 1．shows 2．a 3．who/that 4．knives 5．traditional 6．be covered 7．to respect 8．mainly 9．with 10．us 【导语】本文通过介绍不同国家的特殊习俗和礼仪，强调了了解和尊重文化差异对于促进跨文化交流的重要性。 1．句意：在日本，轻微的鞠躬可能意味着简单的问候，而更深更久的鞠躬则表现出更多的尊重。主语是“a deeper and longer bow”，且全文描述的是客观事实和普遍习惯，故用一般现在时，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式shows“表明”。 2．句意：当你进入一户日本人家或某些私人场所时，你必须脱鞋。此处泛指“一户日本人家”，且“Japanese”以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 3．句意：在法国，朋友和互相认识的人经常通过亲吻双颊来问候。句子是定语从句，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，用who/that引导定语从句。 4．句意：例如，你的手应该放在桌子上，但不要放肘部，并且你应该按正确的顺序使用正确的刀叉。根据后面的“forks”以及常识可知此处应用复数形式knives“刀”。 5．句意：男士通常穿着传统的长袍。此处修饰名词“robes”，需要用形容词形式traditional“传统的”。 6．句意：对于女性来说，当她们在公共场合时，身体和头部应该被遮盖。主语“their bodies and heads”与动词“cover”之间是被动关系，且前面有情态动词“should”，故用被动语态“should be covered”。 7．句意：在印度，尊重老人是非常重要的。respect“尊重”，此处是“It is + adj. + to do sth.”的句型，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，此处填to respect。 8．句意：此外，在某些情况下，左手被认为是不干净的，所以人们主要用右手吃饭、递送或接收物品。此处修饰动词“use”，需要用副词形式mainly“主要地”。 9．句意：了解和尊重这些不同的习俗有助于我们与来自其他国家的人交朋友，并避免在交流中犯错。此处是固定搭配“make friends with sb.”意为“与某人交朋友”。 10．句意：它使我们更多地了解世界上不同的文化，并使跨文化交流变得更好。此处作动词“makes”的宾语，应用人称代词的宾格形式us“我们”。 Knowing more about a foreign country when you travel there is very useful. Here are some table manners in different countries. In India, you need to wash your hands before and after 1 meal. And remember that you can’t waste food. You should finish everything on the plate. The time you leave the table depends on whether (是否) all the 2 (guest) finish their meals. In Japan, before eating, it is polite 3 (wait) for your host’s invitation (邀请) three times. The 4 (young) guest at the table pours drinks for the oldest person 5 (one), and then for others. You can’t pass food from your own chopsticks 6 another. While eating hot noodles, it is better to make an eating noise as the Japanese think this noise 7 (show) respect for the meal and the cook. The way for the Japanese to drink soup is to bring the bowls to 8 (they) mouths instead of using spoons. Besides, men usually pour wine (酒) with one hand, 9 women should use both hands. 10 (final), if you are not sure what to do, you can always follow the others and do as they do. 【答案】 1．a 2．guests 3．to wait 4．youngest 5．first 6．to 7．shows 8．their 9．but/while 10．Finally 【导语】本文主要介绍了印度和日本的一些餐桌礼仪，并告诉我们，不确定该怎么做时可以效仿他人。 1．句意：在印度，饭前饭后都要洗手。表示一顿饭通常用“a meal”，“before and after a meal”泛指每一顿饭，符合句意。 2．句意：离席的时间取决于是否所有客人都已吃完。根据前面的“all”可知，本空填名词的复数形式。 3．句意：在日本，用餐前礼貌的做法是等主人三次邀请后再开始。“it is adj. to do sth.”为固定句型，表示“做某事是……的”。 4．句意：餐桌上最年轻的客人要先给最年长的人倒饮料，然后再给其他人倒。根据后面的“the oldest person”可知，此处指“最年轻的客人”，前后形成对应。 5．句意：餐桌上最年轻的客人要先给最年长的人倒饮料，然后再给其他人倒。“one”是基数词，用来表示数量，此处表示先后顺序，故用其序数词形式“first”。 6．句意：你不能用自己的筷子把食物递给别人。“from…to…”表示“从……到……”，固定搭配。 7．句意：吃热汤面时，最好发出进食的声音，因为日本人认为这种声音表示对饭菜和厨师的尊重。宾语从句中缺少谓语动词，主语“this noise”是单数，且整句为一般现在时态，故动词直接加s即可。 8．句意：日本人喝汤的方式是把碗直接凑到自己的嘴边，而不是用勺子。后面的“mouths”为名词，需用形容词性物主代词来修饰。 9．句意：另外，男士通常用一只手倒酒，而女士应该用双手。本句是在对比男士和女士倒酒的不同习惯，表示转折/对比，用but和while均符合句意。 10．句意：最后，如果你不确定该怎么做，跟着别人做就可以了。本句需要一个副词来修饰整个句子或表示一个时间顺序上的结束点，故填“final”的副词形式，句首首字母需大写。 Most people find waiting boring, 1 the British are an exception. As a British person myself, I’ve noticed that we often take this habit calmly, and many of us are even 2 (please) to follow this unspoken social rule. The start of this habit dates back to the early 19th century, when the Industrial Revolution began in England. As cities grew bigger and more 3 (crowd), daily activities like posting letters or shopping became messy without a system. Waiting in line naturally came up as 4 way to keep order, preventing people from 5 (get) angry with each other. This practice only 6 (grow) stronger during World War II. In difficult times, keeping order was important, so people were encouraged to do their duty and wait 7 (patient) for what they needed. Over time, waiting in line has 8 (develop) into a symbol of British culture. We believe that showing 9 (polite) means respecting others, and waiting in line is one of the simplest ways to do that. From busy train stations to small shops, the sight of people waiting calmly is common 10 the UK. It’s not just a habit, it’s a way of life. 【答案】 1．but 2．pleased 3．crowded 4．a 5．getting 6．grew 7．patiently 8．developed 9．politeness 10．across/in 【导语】本文主要讲述了大多数人觉得等待很无聊，但英国人是个例外，接着介绍了英国人排队习惯的起源、发展以及排队在英国文化中的意义。 1．句意：大多数人觉得等待很无聊，然而，英国人是个例外。“Most people find waiting boring”和“the British are an exception”之间是转折关系，所以用转折连词but。 2．句意：作为一个英国人，我注意到我们经常平静地对待这个习惯，我们中的许多人甚至很高兴遵循这个不成文的社会规则。“are”是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，please的形容词形式有pleased（感到高兴的，通常用来形容人）和pleasant（令人愉快的，通常用来形容事物），此处形容人，所以用pleased。 3．句意：随着城市变得更大更拥挤，如果没有一个系统，像寄信或购物这样的日常活动就会变得混乱。“and”连接两个并列的形容词，crowd的形容词形式是crowded，表示“拥挤的”。 4．句意：排队自然成为了一种维持秩序的方式，防止人们互相生气。“way”是可数名词单数，且此处表示泛指“一种方式”，“way”以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。 5．句意：排队自然成为了一种维持秩序的方式，防止人们互相生气。“prevent sb. from doing sth.”是固定短语，意为“阻止某人做某事”，所以这里用get的动名词形式getting。 6．句意：这种做法在第二次世界大战期间变得更强。“This practice”是主语，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，grow的过去式是grew。 7．句意：在困难时期，维持秩序很重要，所以人们被鼓励尽自己的职责，耐心地等待他们需要的东西。“wait”是动词，要用副词修饰，patient的副词形式是patiently，表示“耐心地”。 8．句意：随着时间的推移，排队已经发展成为英国文化的一个象征。“has”是助动词，后面接动词的过去分词构成现在完成时，develop的过去分词是developed。 9．句意：我们认为表现出礼貌意味着尊重他人，而排队是做到这一点最简单的方式之一。“show”是动词，后面接名词作宾语，polite的名词形式是politeness，表示“礼貌”。 10．句意：从繁忙的火车站到小商店，在英国看到人们平静地排队是很常见的。“common across/in the UK”表示“在英国很常见”，所以这里可以填across或in。 语法填空。 Every year, November 21 is World Hello Day. On this day, all you have to do is 1 (say) hello and give a greeting to people you meet! Of course, they can be family 2 (member) and friends or strangers (陌生人). It started 3 1973. The meaning behind it is “Say hello and stop war”. Saying hello to someone can make a big 4 (different). For example, a small thing like a greeting can mean a lot to shy people. Because they find it is very hard to talk with other people. Saying hello to a stranger is a small thing, but through it we can make the world a 5 (good) place than before. In China, people usually say “Ni Hao.” when they meet each other. 6 how do people greet each other in English-speaking countries? You may have some ideas in your mind. People 7 (usual) ask “How are you?”. You can answer “Very good, thanks!” You can also ask “And you?” In the UK, between good friends, they say “You all right?” and “I’m good. Any 8 (plan) for this weekend?” People also say “How’s it going?” But it isn’t really 9 question. It just means “hello”. People often answer “Good!” or “Not bad!” Another popular greeting is “Hey, boy!” But it is usually among 10 (boy). Another popular greeting is “Hey, girl!” In the world, people use thousands of languages to say hello to each other. 【答案】 1．to say 2．members 3．in 4．difference 5．better 6．But 7．usually 8．plans 9．a 10．boys 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界问候日及其在不同文化背景下的问候习俗。 1．句意：在这一天，你只需要向遇到的人打招呼并致以问候！分析句子结构可知，这里应用动词不定式结构作表语，用来解释说明主语从句的内容，表示一个具体、明确的行动或行为。故填to say。 2．句意：当然，这些人可以是你的家人、朋友或者陌生人。根据空前“family”可知，此处是指家庭成员们；考查family member“家庭成员”，名词短语，这里应用其复数形式members。故填members。 3．句意：世界问候日起始于1973年。空后“1973”表示年份，应用介词 in，in 1973“在1973年”。故填in。 4．句意：向别人打招呼可以产生很大的影响。根据空前“make a big”可知，此处考查make a big difference“产生很大影响”，动词短语，所以用different的名词形式 difference。故填difference。 5．句意：向陌生人打招呼是一件小事，但通过它我们可以让世界变得比以前更美好。根据空后“than before”可知，此处应用good的比较级better“更好的”，在句中作定语，修饰名词“place”。故填better。 6．句意：但是，在以英语为母语的国家，人们是如何互相问候的呢？根据语境可知，上文提到在中国人们见面打招呼的方式，下文询问在说英语的国家人们如何打招呼，前后是转折关系，应用but，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填But。 7．句意：人们通常会问“你好吗？”。分析句子结构可知，此处应用usual的副词形式usually“通常”，在句中作状语，修饰动词“ask”。故填usually。 8．句意：这个周末有什么计划吗？句中“any”在这里表示“一些”，用于疑问句中，后接可数名词复数plans。故填plans。 9．句意：但这并不是一个真正的问题。根据空后“question”可知，此处是指一个问题，应用不定冠词表泛指，且“question”是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用“a”修饰。故填a。 10．句意：但这通常是在男孩子之间使用。空前“among”表示“在……之间”，指三者或三者以上之间，所以这里应用名词boy的复数形式boys，表示“在男孩们之间”。故填boys。 20 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 21 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $