Unit 5 Natural disasters 重点单词短语及词性转换进阶练80题（三题型）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（沪教版五四制）

**基本信息** 聚焦Unit 5核心词汇，通过三种难度递进题型构建从基础记忆到语境应用再到语法变形的词汇能力训练体系，提升语言能力与学习效率。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |根据汉语提示填空|30题|直接考查单词短语记忆，如“必要的”“重建”|基础词汇识别与拼写，构建单元核心词库| |根据首字母填空|30题|依托语境考查词汇应用，如“n________ for exercise”|语境分析与词汇联想，强化词义与情境关联| |单词适当形式填空|40题|综合考查词性转换与语法应用，如bleed→bled|语法规则与词汇变形结合，提升语言运用准确性|

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 5 Natural disasters 重点单词短语及词性转换进阶练80题（三题型） 说明：此专题分三种题型，难度依次递升，大家根据实际情况选择进行专项训练！ 一、根据汉语提示填空，每小题1分，满分30分 1．I don’t know ________ (是否) he will come to the party or not. 【答案】whether 【详解】句意：我不知道他是否会来参加聚会。“是否”在宾语从句中可用whether或if，但句末有“or not”时，常用whether。 2．Police officers should have ________ (必要的) safety skills to help people in need. 【答案】necessary 【详解】句意：警察应该具备必要的安全技能来帮助有需要的人。表示“必要的”用形容词“necessary”，修饰名词短语safety skills，作定语。 3．After the flood hit the area, the rescue team warned people to ________________________ (远离) the swollen rivers and collapsed buildings to avoid further danger. 【答案】keep away from 【详解】句意：洪水袭击该地区后，救援队警告人们远离涨水的河流和倒塌的建筑物，以避免进一步的危险。根据汉语提示“远离”可知，keep away from“远离”，动词短语；动词不定式符号“to”后接动词原形。故填keep away from。 4．The guard on the beach ________________________ (催促每个人) to run away. 【答案】urged everyone 【详解】句意：海滩上的警卫催促每个人快跑。根据汉语提示“催促每个人”可知，urge everyone“催促每个人”，动词短语；根据句意，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时urged。故填urged everyone。 5．The hurricane caused great ________ (破坏) to the city’s infrastructure. 【答案】destruction 【详解】句意：飓风给这座城市的基础设施造成了巨大的破坏。根据汉语提示可知，destruction“破坏”，cause great destruction to意为“给……造成巨大破坏”。故填destruction。 6．The ________ (被困的) miners were rescued after three days. 【答案】trapped 【详解】句意：被困的矿工在三天后获救了。trapped意为“被困的”，形容词作定语修饰名词“miners”，故填trapped。 7．The government is making plans to ________ (重建) the areas destroyed by the earthquake. 【答案】rebuild 【详解】句意：政府正在制定计划，要重建被地震摧毁的区域。根据汉语提示“重建”可知，rebuild“重建”，动词；to为不定式符号，动词不定式作定语。故填rebuild。 8．The ________ (经历) of surviving the flood changed his life forever. 【答案】experience 【详解】句意：那次洪水幸存经历永远改变了他的人生。根据中文提示“经历”，这里应填入名词experience。experience表示 “（一次具体的）经历、体验” 时，是可数名词，句中指“在洪水中幸存下来的那次经历”，用单数形式即可。故填experience。 9．We need to prepare an ________ (紧急情况) kit for unexpected disasters. 【答案】emergency 【详解】句意：我们需要为突发灾难准备一个应急包。 “紧急情况”对应的英文名词是“emergency”，“emergency kit”是固定搭配，意为“应急包”，故填emergency。 10．The landslide ________ (堵塞) the road, so we had to take a detour. 【答案】blocked 【详解】句意：山体滑坡堵塞了道路，所以我们不得不绕行。 “堵塞”对应的英文动词是“block”，根据“so we had to take a detour”可知，该句为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式“blocked”，故填blocked。 11．The ________ (猛烈的) storm destroyed many crops and houses. 【答案】violent 【详解】句意：猛烈的风暴摧毁了许多庄稼和房屋。根据汉语提示可知，violent“猛烈的”，形容词作定语。故填violent。 12．The ________ (受影响的) areas were quickly provided with medical support. 【答案】affected 【详解】句意：受影响的地区很快就获得了医疗物资支援。此处需要形容词修饰“areas”，“受影响的”对应的英文是“affected”，故填affected。 13．Keep ________ (冷静的) and don’t panic when a natural disaster happens. 【答案】calm 【详解】句意：当自然灾害发生时，保持冷静，不要惊慌。keep calm“保持冷静”，系表结构，形容词calm作表语。故填calm。 14．The ________ (火山的) eruption sent ash and lava into the air. 【答案】volcanic 【详解】句意：火山的喷发将火山灰和熔岩喷向空中。根据汉语提示可知，volcanic“火山的”，此处修饰名词eruption，用形容词形式。故填volcanic。 15．You must follow the ________ (指示) when evacuating during a disaster. 【答案】instructions 【详解】句意：灾难发生时疏散必须遵照指示。instruction“指示；说明”，follow the instructions“遵照指示”为固定搭配，此处用复数形式，表示泛指。故填instructions。 16．The ________ (台风) caused power outages in many parts of the city. 【答案】typhoon 【详解】句意：台风导致城市许多地方停电。根据汉语提示“台风”可知，其对应英文为“typhoon”。根据语境可知，此处特指导致停电的那场台风，故“typhoon”用单数形式。故填typhoon。 17．The ________ (突然发生) of the tornado surprised everyone in the area. 【答案】suddenness 【详解】句意：龙卷风的突然来袭令该地区的每个人都感到意外。本句空格前有定冠词The，后面有介词of，因此需要填入名词。括号提示“突然发生”，suddenness有此含义，the suddenness of the tornado表示“龙卷风的突然来袭”，在句中作主语。故填suddenness 18．Students should learn some ________ (基本的) first-aid skills at school. 【答案】basic 【详解】句意：学生们应该在学校学习一些基本的急救技能。基本的“basic”，形容词，此处修饰名词短语“first-aid skills”，表示“基本的急救技能”。故填basic。 19．The earthquake ________ (打破) the peace of the small town. 【答案】broke 【详解】句意：地震打破了这个小镇的平静。打破“break”，动词；根据语境可知，地震打破小镇平静这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，break的过去式是broke。故填broke。 20．We felt ________ (宽慰的) when we heard the good news about the survivors. 【答案】relieved 【详解】句意：当我们听到关于幸存者的好消息时，我们感到很宽慰。根据汉语提示可知，relieved“宽慰的”，形容词，此处作表语，用来描述人的感受。故填relieved。 21．The government provided ________ (救济) supplies to the people affected by the drought. 【答案】relief 【详解】句意：政府向受干旱影响的人们提供了救济物资。根据汉语提示“救济”可知，relief“救济”，不可数名词；relief supplies“救济物资”，名词作定语。故填relief。 22．The wind blew ________ (强烈地) and shook the windows. 【答案】strongly 【详解】句意：风刮得很大，窗户也摇晃了。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填strongly“强烈地”，副词修饰动词blew。故填strongly。 23．The ________ (地震) activity in this region is closely monitored by scientists. 【答案】earthquake 【详解】句意：这个地区的地震活动被科学家们密切监测。根据汉语提示可知，earthquake“地震”，此处作定语修饰名词activity，用名词单数形式。故填earthquake。 24．The river ________ (淹没) many houses after the heavy rain. 【答案】flooded 【详解】句意：大雨过后，河水淹没了许多房屋。flood “淹没”，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时“flooded”，故填flooded。 25．The teacher ________ (警告) the students not to touch the electrical wires yesterday. 【答案】warned 【详解】句意：老师警告学生们不要触碰电线。根据汉语提示可知，warn“警告”是动词，本句时间状语yesterday，时态为一般过去时，warn的过去式为warned，故填warned。 26．The ________ (救援人员) risked their lives to save people in the flooded area. 【答案】rescuers 【详解】句意：救援人员冒着生命危险去洪水灾区救人。根据汉语提示词可知，rescuer“救援人员”，可数名词，根据“their lives”可知，此处应该用复数，故填rescuers。 27．The firefighters carried out a successful ________ (营救) of the child trapped in the well. 【答案】rescue 【详解】句意：消防员成功营救出了被困在井里的孩子。 “营救”对应的英文名词是“rescue”，“carry out a rescue”是固定搭配，意为“实施营救”，故填rescue。 28．The ________ (幸存者) of the plane crash were sent to the nearest hospital. 【答案】survivors 【详解】句意：飞机失事的幸存者被送往了最近的医院。survivor“幸存者”，由were可知主语为复数，故填survivors。 29．The ________ (保护的) cover on the phone prevents it from being scratched. 【答案】protective 【详解】句意：手机上的保护盖防止其被刮伤。根据汉语提示可知，protective意为“保护的”，形容词，此处修饰名词“cover”，表示“保护盖”，故填protective。 30．The medicine is ________ (无害的) and has no side effects. 【答案】harmless 【详解】句意：这种药物是无害的，没有副作用。 “无害的”对应的英文形容词是“harmless”，用来描述药物的特性，故填harmless。 二、根据首字母填空，每小题1分，满分30分 31．It’s n________ for us to take some exercise after school. 【答案】necessary/ecessary 【详解】句意：放学后做些运动对我们来说是必要的。根据语句 “It’s … for us to take some exercise after school.” 及首字母 “n” 的提示可知，此空的含义为 “必要的”，英文翻译为 “necessary”，形容词，It’s + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth. 是固定句型。 32．The meteorologist p________ a typhoon will hit the coast next week. 【答案】predicted/redicted 【详解】句意：气象学家预测下周将有台风袭击海岸。根据“The meteorologist…a typhoon will hit the coast next week.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指对天气的预测，predict“预测”，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，用predicted。故填predicted。 33．The firemen tried their best to s________ the people trapped in the ruins. 【答案】save/ave 【详解】句意：消防员尽力去救援被困在废墟中的人们。根据“The firemen tried their best to s... the people trapped in the ruins.”可知，此处“try one’s best to”后需接动词原形，表示“尽力做某事”的目的，因此需要一个动词原形来表示“救援”的意思，动词“save”，表示“拯救，救援”。故填save。 34．We must keep c________ in the face of danger, or we will make wrong decisions. 【答案】calm/alm 【详解】句意：面对危险时我们必须保持冷静，否则我们会做出错误的决定。根据首字母提示和“in the face of danger”可知，此处表示冷静。calm“冷静”，keep calm表示“保持冷静”，故填calm。 35．She was t________ in the lift for two hours before someone came to save her. 【答案】trapped/rapped 【详解】句意：她在电梯里被困了两个小时才有人来救她。根据“in the lift for two hours before someone came to save her”及首字母提示可知，此处是指被困在电梯里两个小时，应用动词trap表示“困住”，主语She与trap之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，was后接动词的过去分词。故填trapped。 36．The workers are still clearing the r________ after the earthquake. 【答案】ruins/uins 【详解】句意：地震后，工人们还在清理废墟。根据首字母“r”和“after the earthquake”，此处应填名词“ruins（废墟）”，常用复数形式表示“废墟”这一概念，故填ruins。 37．He showed great c________ when he helped the old man out of the flood. 【答案】courage/ourage 【详解】句意：他把老人从洪水中救出来时，表现出了极大的勇气。 根据首字母“c”和“he helped the old man out of the flood.”可知，这里指表现出了极大的勇气，此处应填名词“courage（勇气）”，故填courage。 38．The little girl had difficulty in b________ because of the thick smoke. 【答案】breathing/reathing 【详解】句意：因为浓烟，这个小女孩呼吸困难。结合首字母b和“because of the thick smoke”可知，此处指呼吸，英文表达为“breathe”，have difficulty in doing sth.“做某事有困难”，故填breathing。 39．The e________ was cut off, so we had to use candles at night. 【答案】electricity/lectricity 【详解】句意：电被切断了，所以我们晚上不得不使用蜡烛。根据首字母提示和“use candles at night”可知，此处表示电。electricity“电”，为不可数名词。故填electricity。 40．Many people tried to e________ from the burning building as quickly as possible. 【答案】escape/scape 【详解】句意：许多人试图尽快从燃烧的大楼中逃生。根据“from the burning building”及首字母提示可知，此处是指从燃烧的大楼中逃生，应用动词escape表示“逃跑”，try to do sth.“试图做某事”，所以此处用动词原形。故填escape。 41．Don’t go near the river. It's in great d________ after the heavy rain. 【答案】danger/anger 【详解】句意：不要靠近这条河。大雨过后它处于极大的危险中。根据首字母提示和“Don’t go near the river”可知，此处表示危险。in great danger表示“处于极大的危险中”，故填danger。 42．The accident happened s________, and no one was ready for it. 【答案】suddenly/uddenly 【详解】句意：事故发生得很突然，没有人对此做好准备。根据首字母提示和“and no one was ready for it”可知，此处表示事故发生得很突然。副词suddenly“突然地”修饰动词。故填suddenly。 43．The police gave a w________ that the storm would arrive in two hours. 【答案】warning/arning 【详解】句意：警方发出警告，暴风雨将在两小时内到达。根据首字母提示和“The police gave a…that the storm would arrive in two hours.”可知，此处表示警方发出警告，名词warning“警告”符合语境。故填warning。 44．He h________ his head when he fell down from the bike during the storm. 【答案】hurt/urt 【详解】句意：暴风雨中，当他从自行车上摔下来时，伤了头。根据“when he fell down from the bike during the storm”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示从自行车上摔下来伤了头，动词hurt“受伤”符合语境；由“fell”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，hurt的过去式还是hurt。故填hurt。 45．Many people were hurt and some even lost their lives in the d________. 【答案】disaster/isaster 【详解】句意：许多人在灾难中受伤，有些人甚至失去了生命。根据“Many people were hurt and some even lost their lives”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示许多人在灾难中受伤，“灾难”disaster，可数名词，此处用单数形式。故填disaster。 46．When the ground starts to s________, we should run to an open place quickly. 【答案】 shake hake 【详解】句意：当地面开始晃动时，我们应该迅速跑到开阔的地方。根据首字母提示和“we should run to an open place quickly”可知，此处表示地面开始晃动时，动词shake“晃动”符合语境，start to do sth.表示“开始做某事”。故填shake。 47．We should stay at home when a t________ is coming, because it’s very dangerous outside. 【答案】typhoon/yphoon 【详解】句意：台风来的时候我们应该待在家里，因为外面很危险。根据“because it’s very dangerous outside.”及首字母提示可知，是台风来的时候外面很危险，typhoon“台风”。故填typhoon。 48．The heavy rain caused a big f________, and the whole village was under water. 【答案】flood/lood 【详解】句意：大雨引发了一场大洪水，整个村庄都被淹没了。根据首字母f以及后文“the whole village was under water”可知，此处应填名词flood（洪水），表示大雨导致的灾害。故填flood。 49．A strong e________ hit the city last night, and many buildings fell down. 【答案】earthquake/arthquake 【详解】句意：昨晚一场强烈的地震袭击了这座城市，许多建筑物倒塌了。根据首字母提示和“A strong...hit the city last night, and many buildings fell down.”可知，此处表示强烈的地震，earthquake“地震”，A后接名词单数。故填earthquake。 50．The survivors told stories of their terrible e________ during the flood. 【答案】experiences/xperiences 【详解】句意：幸存者讲述了他们在洪水期间可怕的经历。根据首字母提示和“The survivors told stories of their terrible...during the flood.”可知，此处表示幸存者的经历，experience“经历”，此处用复数形式experiences表示泛指。故填experiences。 51．The landslide b________ the road, cutting off the village from the outside. 【答案】blocked/locked 【详解】句意：山体滑坡阻断了道路，使村庄与外界隔绝。根据句意及首字母“b”提示可知，此处表示“阻断、堵塞”，应该使用“block”。句子描述的是过去发生的事件，因此用其过去式“blocked”。故填blocked。 52．We need to prepare an emergency k________ with food, water and medicine. 【答案】kit/it 【详解】句意：我们需要准备一个装有食物、水和药品的应急包。根据首字母k和“装有食物、水和药品的应急物品”的语境可知，空格处应填入名词，表示“包裹、成套工具”。kit（成套工具、应急包）符合语境，emergency kit是常见搭配，意为“应急包”。故填kit。 53．The h________ rain lasted for three days, leading to floods. 【答案】heavy/eavy 【详解】句意：这场大雨持续了三天，引发了洪水。 根据首字母“h”和语境，此处应填形容词“heavy（大量的、猛烈的）”，用来修饰“rain”，表示“大雨”。故填heavy。 54．The rescuers worked hard to dig out the t________ people from the collapsed building. 【答案】trapped/rapped 【详解】句意：救援人员奋力从倒塌的楼房中挖出被困的人们。根据首字母提示和“from the collapsed building”可知，此处表示被困的。trapped“被困的”，修饰名词people用形容词。故填trapped。 55．The government sent food and water to the a________ areas. 【答案】affected/ffected 【详解】句意：政府向受影响的地区运送了食物和水。根据首字母“a”和语境，此处应填形容词“affected（受影响的）”，用来修饰“areas”表示“受影响地区”，故填affected。 56．It’s important to stay c________ when facing a natural disaster. 【答案】calm/alm 【详解】句意：面对自然灾害时保持冷静很重要。根据“It’s important to stay...when facing a natural disaster.”以及首字母提示可知，应填形容词calm“冷静的”，作表语，表示保持冷静。stay calm“保持冷静”。故填calm。 57．The earthquake left a trail of d________ across the region. 【答案】destruction/estruction 【详解】句意：地震在整个地区留下了一连串破坏的痕迹。根据句意及首字母“d”提示可知，此处表示“破坏的痕迹”，应使用名词“destruction”。“a trail of destruction”意为“一连串破坏的痕迹”，符合语境。故填destruction。 58．The v________ of the volcano eruption was heard miles away. 【答案】voice/oice 【详解】句意：火山喷发的声音在数英里外都能听到。根据“...was heard”及首字母“v”提示可知，此处表示“声音”，应该使用名词“voice”，符合语境。故填voice。 59．You must follow the safety i________ when using the fire extinguisher. 【答案】instructions/nstructions 【详解】句意：使用灭火器时你必须遵守安全指示。根据首字母提示和“You must follow the safety...when using the fire extinguisher.”可知，此处表示安全指示，instruction“指示”，此处常用复数形式instructions。故填instructions。 60．The t________ destroyed hundreds of houses in the village. 【答案】typhoon/yphoon 【详解】句意：台风摧毁了村里数百座房屋。结合首字母t和“destroyed hundreds of houses”可知，此处指台风，英文表达为“typhoon”，故填typhoon。 三、用单词的适当形式填空，每小题2分，满分40分 61．He cut his finger by accident and it ________ (bleed) heavily. 【答案】bled 【详解】句意：他不小心割破了手指，血流得很厉害。句子描述的是过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时。bleed的过去式为bled。 62．The basement of the house was ________ last night because of the broken pipe, and the family had to clean up the mess. (flood) 【答案】flooded 【详解】句意：昨晚因为水管破裂，房子的地下室被淹了，一家人不得不清理脏乱。括号里给的是动词flood。句子主语是the basement，它是“被水淹没”的对象，所以需要用被动语态（be +过去分词），flood的过去分词是flooded。 63．His mother’s ________ (dead) made Jim very sad. 【答案】death 【详解】句意：他母亲的去世让吉姆非常伤心。名词所有格mother’s后面需要接名词，“dead”是形容词，意为“死的”，其名词形式是“death”，意为“死亡，去世”。 64．The small village was ________ destroyed by the powerful earthquake that happened last week. (terrible) 【答案】terribly 【详解】句意：上周发生的强烈地震严重摧毁了这个小村庄。destroy是动词，需要用副词来修饰，表示摧毁的程度，terrible是形容词，其副词形式是terribly。 65．People were advised to turn off all ________ devices to prevent accidents during the severe thunderstorm. (electron) 【答案】electronic 【详解】句意：人们被建议在严重雷暴期间关闭所有电子设备以防止事故发生。devices是名词，前面需要用形容词来修饰，electron的形容词形式是electronic，表示“电子的”。 66．It’s very important to prepare flashlights and extra ________ for emergencies when a typhoon comes. (battery) 【答案】batteries 【详解】句意：当台风来临时，准备手电筒和额外的电池以备不时之需是非常重要的。此处空格处是作为extra的宾语，与flashlights并列，battery为可数名词，这里要用复数形式表示泛指，故填batteries。 67．Having an emergency plan is an ________ way to protect your family when a natural disaster strikes. (effect) 【答案】effective 【详解】句意：制定应急计划是自然灾害发生时保护家人的一种有效方式。空处使用形容词，作定语修饰其后名词，根据“to protect your family”可知，此处使用effect的形容词形式effective“有效的”修饰“way”，表示“保护家人的有效方式”。 68．The government issued an ________ warning for residents to evacuate immediately due to the approaching wildfire. (urge) 【答案】urgent 【详解】句意：由于野火即将来临，政府紧急警告居民立即撤离。句中“warning”为名词，需用形容词修饰，动词urge的形容词形式为urgent，表示“紧急的”，故填urgent。 69．After the earthquake, the local community organised to collect donations ________ to help the victims. (rapid) 【答案】rapidly 【详解】句意：地震发生后，当地社区组织迅速筹集捐款，以帮助受灾群众。rapid是形容词，此处使用其副词形式rapidly“迅速地”，修饰动词collect，表示“迅速筹集捐款”。 70．Fortunately, no one suffered a serious ________ during the sudden flood in the town centre. (injure) 【答案】injury 【详解】句意：幸运的是，在镇中心突发的洪灾中，没有人受重伤。句中“serious”为形容词，形容词后需接名词作宾语，动词injure的名词形式为injury，此处表示“重伤”，故填injury。 71．The weather station issued a ________ (warn) about the coming snowstorm. 【答案】warning 【详解】句意：气象站发布了即将到来的暴风雪预警。 此处需要名词形式，“warn”的名词是“warning（预警、警告）”，前面有“a”修饰，用单数形式，故填warning。 72．The firemen ________ (save) more than 50 people since the disaster started. 【答案】have saved 【详解】句意：自从灾难开始，消防员们已经拯救了50多人。save“拯救”，since“自从”，引导时间状语从句，主句通常用现在完成时，其结构为have/has + 过去分词，主语The firemen是复数，助动词用have，save的过去分词是saved。故填have saved。 73．The villagers still talk about the _________ typhoon that blew away many old trees and damaged their houses last year. (terribly) 【答案】terrible 【详解】句意：村民们仍然在谈论去年那场刮倒了许多老树、损坏了他们房屋的可怕的台风。terribly“非常；很”，副词，这里需要形容词修饰名词typhoon，terribly变为形容词terrible。故填terrible。 74．Thanks to the rescue team’s timely help, all the hikers managed to ________ the heavy snowstorm in the mountain. (survival) 【答案】survive 【详解】句意：多亏了救援队的及时帮助，所有徒步者都成功地在山中挺过了这场严重的暴风雪。survival“生存；幸存”，名词。这里需要表达“从……中幸存下来”的动作，因此把名词survival变为动词survive。固定搭配manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”，此处用动词原形。故填survive。 75．It’s ________ to pack a flashlight and some water when preparing for a natural disaster like a flood. (unnecessary) 【答案】necessary 【详解】句意：在为洪水等自然灾害做准备时，带上手电筒和一些水是有必要的。unnecessary“不必要的”，根据句意，此处应使用其反义词necessary“必要的”。It’s + 形容词 + to do sth.“做某事是……的”。故填necessary。 76．The wildfire spread ________ because of the strong wind, forcing nearby residents to leave their homes at once. (rapid) 【答案】rapidly 【详解】句意：由于大风，野火迅速蔓延，迫使附近居民立刻离开他们的家园。此处需用副词修饰动词spread，rapid的副词形式是rapidly“迅速地”。故填rapidly。 77．A lot of ________ (survive) were saved by the firemen after the flood. 【答案】survivors 【详解】句意：洪水过后，许多幸存者被消防员救起。survive“幸存”，动词；此处表示“幸存的人”，需用表示人的名词形式survivor“幸存者”；由A lot of可知，此处用复数形式survivors。故填survivors。 78．It’s important for us ________ (keep) calm when a natural disaster happens. 【答案】to keep 【详解】句意：当自然灾害发生时，保持冷静对我们来说很重要。根据“It’s important for us...calm when a natural disaster happens.”以及英文提示可知，此处考查固定句型It’s + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是……的”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构。故填to keep。 79．After the storm, the street ________ (cover) with fallen trees and broken glass. 【答案】was covered 【详解】句意：暴风雨过后，街道被倒下的树和碎玻璃覆盖着。cover“覆盖”，be covered with“被……覆盖”，固定用法，根据“After the storm”可知，句子描述的是过去的情况，用一般过去时，主语“the street”是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was covered。 80．She sat under the desk and ________ (hold) on to it tightly during the earthquake. 【答案】held 【详解】句意：地震期间，她坐在桌子下面，紧紧地抓住桌子。hold“抓住”，根据“sat”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以空处用动词的过去式held。故填held。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 5 Natural disasters 重点单词短语及词性转换进阶练80题（三题型） 说明：此专题分三种题型，难度依次递升，大家根据实际情况选择进行专项训练！ 一、根据汉语提示填空，每小题1分，满分30分 1．I don’t know ________ (是否) he will come to the party or not. 2．Police officers should have ________ (必要的) safety skills to help people in need. 3．After the flood hit the area, the rescue team warned people to ________________________ (远离) the swollen rivers and collapsed buildings to avoid further danger. 4．The guard on the beach ________________________ (催促每个人) to run away. 5．The hurricane caused great ________ (破坏) to the city’s infrastructure. 6．The ________ (被困的) miners were rescued after three days. 7．The government is making plans to ________ (重建) the areas destroyed by the earthquake. 8．The ________ (经历) of surviving the flood changed his life forever. 9．We need to prepare an ________ (紧急情况) kit for unexpected disasters. 10．The landslide ________ (堵塞) the road, so we had to take a detour. 11．The ________ (猛烈的) storm destroyed many crops and houses. 12．The ________ (受影响的) areas were quickly provided with medical support. 13．Keep ________ (冷静的) and don’t panic when a natural disaster happens. 14．The ________ (火山的) eruption sent ash and lava into the air. 15．You must follow the ________ (指示) when evacuating during a disaster. 16．The ________ (台风) caused power outages in many parts of the city. 17．The ________ (突然发生) of the tornado surprised everyone in the area. 18．Students should learn some ________ (基本的) first-aid skills at school. 19．The earthquake ________ (打破) the peace of the small town. 20．We felt ________ (宽慰的) when we heard the good news about the survivors. 21．The government provided ________ (救济) supplies to the people affected by the drought. 22．The wind blew ________ (强烈地) and shook the windows. 23．The ________ (地震) activity in this region is closely monitored by scientists. 24．The river ________ (淹没) many houses after the heavy rain. 25．The teacher ________ (警告) the students not to touch the electrical wires yesterday. 26．The ________ (救援人员) risked their lives to save people in the flooded area. 27．The firefighters carried out a successful ________ (营救) of the child trapped in the well. 28．The ________ (幸存者) of the plane crash were sent to the nearest hospital. 29．The ________ (保护的) cover on the phone prevents it from being scratched. 30．The medicine is ________ (无害的) and has no side effects. 二、根据首字母填空，每小题1分，满分30分 31．It’s n________ for us to take some exercise after school. 32．The meteorologist p________ a typhoon will hit the coast next week. 33．The firemen tried their best to s________ the people trapped in the ruins. 34．We must keep c________ in the face of danger, or we will make wrong decisions. 35．She was t________ in the lift for two hours before someone came to save her. 36．The workers are still clearing the r________ after the earthquake. 37．He showed great c________ when he helped the old man out of the flood. 38．The little girl had difficulty in b________ because of the thick smoke. 39．The e________ was cut off, so we had to use candles at night. 40．Many people tried to e________ from the burning building as quickly as possible. 41．Don’t go near the river. It's in great d________ after the heavy rain. 42．The accident happened s________, and no one was ready for it. 43．The police gave a w________ that the storm would arrive in two hours. 44．He h________ his head when he fell down from the bike during the storm. 45．Many people were hurt and some even lost their lives in the d________. 46．When the ground starts to s________, we should run to an open place quickly. 47．We should stay at home when a t________ is coming, because it’s very dangerous outside. 48．The heavy rain caused a big f________, and the whole village was under water. 49．A strong e________ hit the city last night, and many buildings fell down. 50．The survivors told stories of their terrible e________ during the flood. 51．The landslide b________ the road, cutting off the village from the outside. 52．We need to prepare an emergency k________ with food, water and medicine. 53．The h________ rain lasted for three days, leading to floods. 54．The rescuers worked hard to dig out the t________ people from the collapsed building. 55．The government sent food and water to the a________ areas. 56．It’s important to stay c________ when facing a natural disaster. 57．The earthquake left a trail of d________ across the region. 58．The v________ of the volcano eruption was heard miles away. 59．You must follow the safety i________ when using the fire extinguisher. 60．The t________ destroyed hundreds of houses in the village. 三、用单词的适当形式填空，每小题2分，满分40分 61．He cut his finger by accident and it ________ (bleed) heavily. 62．The basement of the house was ________ last night because of the broken pipe, and the family had to clean up the mess. (flood) 63．His mother’s ________ (dead) made Jim very sad. 64．The small village was ________ destroyed by the powerful earthquake that happened last week. (terrible) 65．People were advised to turn off all ________ devices to prevent accidents during the severe thunderstorm. (electron) 66．It’s very important to prepare flashlights and extra ________ for emergencies when a typhoon comes. (battery) 67．Having an emergency plan is an ________ way to protect your family when a natural disaster strikes. (effect) 68．The government issued an ________ warning for residents to evacuate immediately due to the approaching wildfire. (urge) 69．After the earthquake, the local community organised to collect donations ________ to help the victims. (rapid) 70．Fortunately, no one suffered a serious ________ during the sudden flood in the town centre. (injure) 71．The weather station issued a ________ (warn) about the coming snowstorm. 72．The firemen ________ (save) more than 50 people since the disaster started. 73．The villagers still talk about the _________ typhoon that blew away many old trees and damaged their houses last year. (terribly) 74．Thanks to the rescue team’s timely help, all the hikers managed to ________ the heavy snowstorm in the mountain. (survival) 75．It’s ________ to pack a flashlight and some water when preparing for a natural disaster like a flood. (unnecessary) 76．The wildfire spread ________ because of the strong wind, forcing nearby residents to leave their homes at once. (rapid) 77．A lot of ________ (survive) were saved by the firemen after the flood. 78．It’s important for us ________ (keep) calm when a natural disaster happens. 79．After the storm, the street ________ (cover) with fallen trees and broken glass. 80．She sat under the desk and ________ (hold) on to it tightly during the earthquake. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $