专题16 首字母填空（复习讲义）（上海专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题16 首字母填空（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 词性判断 考点二 词形变形 考点三 固定搭配 考点四 语境逻辑 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1.题型定位：上海中考英语压轴大题，难度最高，侧重考查词汇、语法、语境理解的综合运用能力。 2.考查形式：短文填空，每空格限填一词，首字母已给，要求句意完整、语法正确。 3.命题内容 核心：词汇积累与运用（考纲词、派生词、固定搭配、熟词生义）。 基础：语法知识（名词单复数、动词时态语态、形容词/副词比较等级、非谓语动词）。 关键：语境理解与逻辑推理（上下文线索、逻辑关系、文章主旨）。 热考角度 考点 考查频率 考查内容 2023-2025年 词性判断 ★★★★★ 根据句子成分判定空格词性（名/动/形/副/介/连） 必考 词形变形 ★★★★☆ 名词单复数、动词时态三单、形容词副词比较级最高级 必考 固定搭配 ★★★★☆ 动词短语、介词短语、常用句型 必考 语境逻辑 ★★★★★ 逻辑词（but/so/and）、语义复现、主题常识 必考 命题预测 1.语境化：脱离孤立单词考查，全部置于完整短文语境中，贴合生活、成长、科技、环保等热点主题。 2.综合化：一道题融合词性判断、词形变形、语境推理多重考点。 3.高频化：中考考纲高频首字母词汇、固定搭配重复考查。 4.标准化：严格遵循“通读→判词性→推词义→验答案”解题逻辑。 考点一 词性判断 1.（2026・上海青浦・一模） Lu’an in Anhui province is known for its l history of raising geese, which dates back to the Ming Dynasty. 2.（2026・上海金山・一模） It introduced French baguettes to the city. For many families, buying fresh bread there was a favorite daily h . 3.（2023・上海中考真题） I’ve gained more k about dolphins. For example, it was said that dolphins could recognize the names of their relatives and friends. 解题技巧 冠词/形容词后→名词（单复数/所有格） 情态动词/不定式 to 后→动词原形 主语后、宾语前→动词（时态/三单/被动） 修饰名词→形容词；修饰动词/整句→副词 固定结构→介词/连词 考点二 词形变形 1.（2026・上海黄浦・一模） Testing on dogs and other intelligent animals, such as monkeys, will also be r by one third. 2.（2026・上海闵行・一模） They help researchers understand how the dinosaurs moved, how they interacted with each other… so they can c to study the tracks. 3.（2022・上海中考真题） My first r is that experiences make us different as we grow. We are not the result of the things we’ve bought. 名词：two/several/many 后→复数；my/this 后→单数 动词：yesterday/last→过去式；every day/usually→三单 形容词/副词：than→比较级；the/in + 范围→最高级 考点三 固定搭配 1.（2026・上海黄浦・一模） At present, some medicines and chemicals are tested on animals to c if they are safe for people, wildlife, and the environment. 2.（2026・上海浦东・一模） It may be slower than western medicine, but it can be gentler and will c less harm. So, the animals feel less pain during treatment. 3.（2026・上海徐汇・一模） Thankfully, Mia s her grandmother from sending the money. She decided to use her coding skills to create a website. 熟记中考高频固定搭配：look forward to、take part in、belong to、provide…for… 等 看到固定结构直接匹配单词，结合首字母锁定答案 考点四 语境逻辑 1.（2026・上海闵行・一模） The footprints are a mixture of sizes, which could suggest there was a group of dinosaurs of different ages travelling t . 2.（2026・上海金山・一模） While other bakeries keep creating new and trendy products to a young people, Jingan Bakery still held onto its old offerings. 3.（2023・上海中考真题） We wanted to t this idea. So we did an experiment with the help of some scientists. We found it was true. 转折：but/however→前后语义相反 因果：so/because→前后原因结果对应 并列：and→前后语义相近、词性一致 主题：环保→protect/environmental；科技→technology/smart （2026·上海徐汇·二模） War Horse is a film released in 2011. The film tells the story of a horse named Joey and his owner, Albert. It is about their close relationship, as well as Joey’s extraordinary journey during World War I. It’s one of those films that stays with you long even after it e 1 . The story begins just before World War I. A poor British farming family buys a young horse, and they name him Joey. Joey is too wild and difficult to control and the family thinks Joey is u 2 to the farm. But their son, Albert, is amazed by Joey’s speed and strong spirit. He trains Joey with kindness and p 3 and soon, they become best friends. They do everything together! Then the war breaks out. To make a living, Joey is sold to the army and becomes a war horse. He experiences several different o 4 , including a British officer, a grandfather and granddaughter on a French farm, and even German soldiers. During this journey, he pulls ambulances, escapes from a 5 in the battlefield, and even drags heavy cannons (大炮) up mountains. Meanwhile, Albert also joins the army, always hoping to f 6 Joey. The war is dark and scary, but Albert never forgets Joey. The film is completed with Joey and Albert’s reunion after the war in a touching way. War Horse is not just a movie about war; it is a film about love, loyalty and courage. Through the eyes of a horse, it shows how war affects life and stresses the tie between animals and humans, no matter which side they are on. War Horse is a masterpiece that is rich in both visuals and emotion, and it is w 7 every viewer’s time to watch. You won’t regret it. The scenes are beautiful, and the story is exciting and emotional. It reminds people that even in the darkest moments, hope and humanity can still light up the path ahead. （2026·上海崇明·二模） The sun is the world’s most powerful energy source. The huge fiery ball gives off more power than people could ever use. Solar cells (电池) are used to collect the sun’s energy. Then each solar cell c 1 the sunlight into electricity. There are thousands of solar cells on a solar panel (控制板). A few of these solar panels can produce enough electricity for a house. Solar power has many advantages. For one thing, it is clean. It does not produce any air pollution. Fossil fuels like coal or oil are dirty to burn. They give off gases that are h 2 to breathe. Air pollution from fossil fuels may even make our climate too warm. Solar power is cheaper than fossil fuels in some ways. Air pollution from fossil fuels causes serious d 3 . People get sick because of the dirty air. Gases from burning oil also hurt plants, animals and buildings. However, solar power would s 4 billions of dollars in these “hidden” costs for us. There are still some problems with solar power, though. Solar cells work only on sunny days. At night or in c 5 weather, people need another power source. Solar panels also have space problems. They are very large. Many large solar panels are needed to make enough electricity. It would be hard to find some large p 6 for them all. Solar cells are not that efficient yet, either. They do not use all the sunlight that hits them. Only 20 percent of the light can be turned into power. The r 7 of the energy is wasted. People need to invent more efficient cells that can make full use of sunlight. Then the cost of solar energy will fall. （2026·上海杨浦·二模） When I was in primary school, my grandma had a habit. Every morning, she would hand me an old umbrella before I went to school. But I always r 1 to take it because I thought it looked old and not cool. One day, after school, my friends and I were caught in a heavy rain. We stayed in the school building and waited for the rain to stop. To my s 2 , my grandma came with that same old umbrella. My friends said, “Your grandma really loves you.” In middle school, she still offered the umbrella every morning. Sometimes I took it just to make her happy, but I r 3 used it. One afternoon, she waited for me at the school gate with the umbrella in her hand. The sky was c 4 , and I felt upset because she had brought it again. I told her it was not necessary to bring an umbrella on a sunny day. She only smiled and said, “Just take it. It’s better to be ready.” Everything changed when I was in the eighth grade. One day, I came home early because I had a fever. I stood by the window and saw Grandma returning from the m 5 with a bag of food. Suddenly, it started to rain. She didn’t open the umbrella for h 6 . Instead, she opened it and held it over the bread she bought for me, trying to keep it dry. At that moment, I understood. The umbrella was never just an umbrella. It was her way of protecting me, even in small things. The next morning, I took the umbrella from her and said, “Thanks, Grandma.” Her eyes s 7 with happiness. Then I truly understood that love can hide in small things, just like that old umbrella. （2026·上海松江·二模）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Nowadays, robots are playing a more important role in our daily life. Besides helping with daily tasks, they can also offer company (陪伴) to humans. This makes people wonder: Can robots and humans be friends? Two teenagers hold different o 1 on this topic. Robots and humans can be friends. First of all, robots can offer emotional support to people. For lonely elderly people, or teenagers who are too nervous to share their worries with classmates, robots act as the most p 2 listeners. They never feel tired of your repeated stories and always make you feel good again. Furthermore, robots are always available. Unlike human friends who may be busy with study, robots can stay with you whenever you need. Whether you want to open up about your sadness after a bad exam, or share your happiness about a nice trip, robots will give you a response i 3 , and never make you wait or feel like you are troubling others. Besides, robots can help people practice communication skills. For those who are afraid of t 4 to others, chatting with robots is a good way to learn to express themselves better. Gong Lina, 15, Shanghai Robots can never be real friends with humans. For one thing, robots have no real feelings like humans. They only follow set programs, so they can’t truly u 5 your deep joy or sadness. For another, too much dependence on robots may make people more lonely. If people spend much free time chatting with robots, they will have f 6 chances to communicate with real people, and even lose the ability to get on with others. Most importantly, real friendship needs heart-to-heart connection, which robots can never provide. No matter how smart they are, robots cannot share real life experiences with you like a human friend. You need someone who can share ups and downs of life with you, and stand firmly by your side whenever you are in trouble. W 7 these shared life moments, it is impossible to form a real, lasting friendship. Shen Yi, 16, Guangzhou （25-26九年级下·上海中学东校·月考）Buzz, buzz… My smartphone interrupted while I was chatting with my friend Nina in a café. I took a look at the number and hung up. “A spam call (骚扰电话)?” Nina asked curiously. “96110… the Shanghai Anti-Fraud Center (上海市反诈中心), right?” I said. “Maybe they’ll offer me some anti-fraud tips, but I’m young and smart. I don’t need a lecture on those. They should just focus on elderly people.” “But there must be a r 1 why they’re calling you,” my friend said. “You know,” Nina went on to talk about her husband, “Mr. Goodie almost ended up in Cambodia (柬埔寨)!” One day last month, he was on the phone with a “college classmate” for a long time. The two hadn’t spoken in years, and the “classmate” told him that he was now living and working in Phnom Penh (金边), Cambodia. He i 2 Nina’s husband to travel there. He could show him around the capital city for free, he said. Mr. Goodie did have a classmate by that name. While Nina w 3 him that the “classmate” might be a fraudster (诈骗犯), her husband didn’t agree with her. “How could a fraudster know me so well?” he asked. Then, about a week later, the Shanghai Anti-Fraud Center called him. The police told him they had caught the “classmate”—a fraudster indeed. Buzz, buzz… My phone vibrated (振动) again and showed 96110. This time, I answered it. From the o 4 end came the soft but serious voice of a policewoman. “Mr. Yang, right?” “Yes.” “We recently caught a group of telecom (电信) fraudsters. We found that they had once c 5 you. Have you ever wired (电汇) money to someone you didn’t know?” “I don’t think I have…” “Think again. Have you ever done that?” The policewoman’s voice became even more serious. “No.” “Okay. If you d 6 later that you have, call 96110.” “What is it?” Nina asked as soon as the call ended. “You were also targeted by fraudsters?” “Yes… the police said they had phoned me, but I p 7 just hung up on them,” I said. “Well, obviously it’s not just elderly people who can be at risk from fraudsters.” （2026·上海青浦·一模）Fill in the blanks with proper words [在短文的空格内填入适当的单词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给] Run, jump, smash, score! Playing badminton is very popular. But have you ever thought about where shuttlecocks (羽毛球) come from? Lu’an in Anhui province is known for its l 1 history of raising geese, which dates back to the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). Today, Lu’an has become a global feather supplier, providing a key material for making badminton shuttlecocks. Compared to other kinds of geese, the local white goose has larger, thicker feathers with softer quills. After the feathers are collected, they go through many s 2 , including sorting (分类), washing and drying before being put together into shuttlecocks that fly smoothly. The local white goose often takes over 200 days to f 3 grow. About 14 million white geese are raised in Lu’an each year, but the growing supply still cannot meet the needs of the market. To i 4 production, local businesses have grown from small family-run farms to large breeding (饲养) bases. With the help of t 5 , they manage to control the temperature of goose houses. AI also helps. For example, an AI sorting machine quickly puts feathers into 21 groups. According to the records, a person sorts about 20,000 feathers each day, but a machine can sort 250,000. Clearly, it is far more e 6 than humans. The machine, developed by a Chinese university, is now in its fourth generation. The modern production line has led to business success. For example, Lu’an town w 7 with big companies and makes 3.6 million tubes of shuttlecocks a year. These products are sold to over 10 countries and regions, including Indonesia and Thailand. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2/18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题16 首字母填空（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 词性判断 考点二 词形变形 考点三 固定搭配 考点四 语境逻辑 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1.题型定位：上海中考英语压轴大题，难度最高，侧重考查词汇、语法、语境理解的综合运用能力。 2.考查形式：短文填空，每空格限填一词，首字母已给，要求句意完整、语法正确。 3.命题内容 核心：词汇积累与运用（考纲词、派生词、固定搭配、熟词生义）。 基础：语法知识（名词单复数、动词时态语态、形容词/副词比较等级、非谓语动词）。 关键：语境理解与逻辑推理（上下文线索、逻辑关系、文章主旨）。 热考角度 考点 考查频率 考查内容 2023-2025年 词性判断 ★★★★★ 根据句子成分判定空格词性（名/动/形/副/介/连） 必考 词形变形 ★★★★☆ 名词单复数、动词时态三单、形容词副词比较级最高级 必考 固定搭配 ★★★★☆ 动词短语、介词短语、常用句型 必考 语境逻辑 ★★★★★ 逻辑词（but/so/and）、语义复现、主题常识 必考 命题预测 1.语境化：脱离孤立单词考查，全部置于完整短文语境中，贴合生活、成长、科技、环保等热点主题。 2.综合化：一道题融合词性判断、词形变形、语境推理多重考点。 3.高频化：中考考纲高频首字母词汇、固定搭配重复考查。 4.标准化：严格遵循“通读→判词性→推词义→验答案”解题逻辑。 考点一 词性判断 1.（2026・上海青浦・一模） Lu’an in Anhui province is known for its l history of raising geese, which dates back to the Ming Dynasty. 【答案】(l) ong 【解析】空格后为名词 history，需用形容词修饰；结合 “追溯到明朝” 的语境及首字母 l，填 long（悠久的）。 2.（2026・上海金山・一模） It introduced French baguettes to the city. For many families, buying fresh bread there was a favorite daily h . 【答案】(h) abit 【解析】空格前有不定冠词 a 和形容词 daily，需填单数名词；结合 “日常买面包” 的语境及首字母 h，填 habit（习惯）。 3.（2023・上海中考真题） I’ve gained more k about dolphins. For example, it was said that dolphins could recognize the names of their relatives and friends. 【答案】(k) nowledge 【解析】more 后接名词，在句中作宾语；结合 “了解海豚相关内容” 的语境及首字母 k，填 knowledge（知识）。 解题技巧 冠词/形容词后→名词（单复数/所有格） 情态动词/不定式 to 后→动词原形 主语后、宾语前→动词（时态/三单/被动） 修饰名词→形容词；修饰动词/整句→副词 固定结构→介词/连词 考点二 词形变形 1.（2026・上海黄浦・一模） Testing on dogs and other intelligent animals, such as monkeys, will also be r by one third. 【答案】(r) educed 【解析】句子为一般将来时被动语态（will be done）；结合 “减少三分之一” 的语境及首字母 r，填 reduced（减少）。 2.（2026・上海闵行・一模） They help researchers understand how the dinosaurs moved, how they interacted with each other… so they can c to study the tracks. 【答案】(c) ontinue 【解析】情态动词 can 后接动词原形；结合 “继续研究足迹” 的语境及首字母 c，填 continue（继续）。 3.（2022・上海中考真题） My first r is that experiences make us different as we grow. We are not the result of the things we’ve bought. 【答案】(r) eason 【解析】first 后接单数名词；结合下文列举观点的语境及首字母 r，填 reason（原因）。 名词：two/several/many 后→复数；my/this 后→单数 动词：yesterday/last→过去式；every day/usually→三单 形容词/副词：than→比较级；the/in + 范围→最高级 考点三 固定搭配 1.（2026・上海黄浦・一模） At present, some medicines and chemicals are tested on animals to c if they are safe for people, wildlife, and the environment. 【答案】(c) heck 【解析】to 后接动词原形构成目的状语；结合 “检验安全性” 的固定逻辑及首字母 c，填 check（检查）。 2.（2026・上海浦东・一模） It may be slower than western medicine, but it can be gentler and will c less harm. So, the animals feel less pain during treatment. 【答案】(c) ause 【解析】will 后接动词原形，cause harm 为固定搭配（造成伤害）；结合首字母 c，填 cause（造成）。 3.（2026・上海徐汇・一模） Thankfully, Mia s her grandmother from sending the money. She decided to use her coding skills to create a website. 【答案】(s) aved/stopped 【解析】save/stop sb. from doing 为固定搭配（阻止某人做某事）；句子为一般过去时，填 saved/stopped。 熟记中考高频固定搭配：look forward to、take part in、belong to、provide…for… 等 看到固定结构直接匹配单词，结合首字母锁定答案 考点四 语境逻辑 1.（2026・上海闵行・一模） The footprints are a mixture of sizes, which could suggest there was a group of dinosaurs of different ages travelling t . 【答案】(t) ogether 【解析】结合 “不同年龄恐龙群体出行” 的语境及并列逻辑，与首字母 t 匹配，填 together（一起）。 2.（2026・上海金山・一模） While other bakeries keep creating new and trendy products to a young people, Jingan Bakery still held onto its old offerings. 【答案】(a) ttract 【解析】结合 “推出新品吸引年轻人” 的目的逻辑，to 后接动词原形，首字母 a，填 attract（吸引）。 3.（2023・上海中考真题） We wanted to t this idea. So we did an experiment with the help of some scientists. We found it was true. 【答案】(t) est 【解析】结合 “做实验验证想法” 的因果逻辑，want to 后接动词原形，首字母 t，填 test（测试）。 转折：but/however→前后语义相反 因果：so/because→前后原因结果对应 并列：and→前后语义相近、词性一致 主题：环保→protect/environmental；科技→technology/smart （2026·上海徐汇·二模） War Horse is a film released in 2011. The film tells the story of a horse named Joey and his owner, Albert. It is about their close relationship, as well as Joey’s extraordinary journey during World War I. It’s one of those films that stays with you long even after it e 1 . The story begins just before World War I. A poor British farming family buys a young horse, and they name him Joey. Joey is too wild and difficult to control and the family thinks Joey is u 2 to the farm. But their son, Albert, is amazed by Joey’s speed and strong spirit. He trains Joey with kindness and p 3 and soon, they become best friends. They do everything together! Then the war breaks out. To make a living, Joey is sold to the army and becomes a war horse. He experiences several different o 4 , including a British officer, a grandfather and granddaughter on a French farm, and even German soldiers. During this journey, he pulls ambulances, escapes from a 5 in the battlefield, and even drags heavy cannons (大炮) up mountains. Meanwhile, Albert also joins the army, always hoping to f 6 Joey. The war is dark and scary, but Albert never forgets Joey. The film is completed with Joey and Albert’s reunion after the war in a touching way. War Horse is not just a movie about war; it is a film about love, loyalty and courage. Through the eyes of a horse, it shows how war affects life and stresses the tie between animals and humans, no matter which side they are on. War Horse is a masterpiece that is rich in both visuals and emotion, and it is w 7 every viewer’s time to watch. You won’t regret it. The scenes are beautiful, and the story is exciting and emotional. It reminds people that even in the darkest moments, hope and humanity can still light up the path ahead. 【答案】1．ends/nds 2．useless/seless 3．patience/atience 4．owners/wners 5．attacks/ttacks 6．find/ind 7．worth/orth 【导语】本文介绍经典影片《战马》，讲述一战背景下，小马乔伊与主人艾伯特真挚深厚的情谊。 1．句意：这是一部即便落幕，也让人久久难忘的好电影。此处指电影结束仍让人难忘，it指代电影，句子为一般现在时，谓语动词用动词第三人称单数形式；首字母e对应ends表示“结束”。 2．句意：乔伊野性难驯、难以驾驭，一家人觉得它对农场毫无用处。结合前文难驯服，因此是毫无用处的，首字母u对应useless。 3．句意：他用温柔与耐心驯养它，很快一人一马成为最好的伙伴，形影不离。and连接并列名词，表示温柔与耐心，首字母p对应patience“耐心”。 4．句意：它辗转多位主人，先后跟随英国军官、法国农场的祖孙，甚至德军士兵。军官、祖孙、士兵都是马的主人，several后接可数名词复数，首字母o对应名词复数owners“主人”。 5．句意：在这段历程中，它拉动救护车、在战场上躲避袭击，甚至拖拽沉重的大炮翻越山岭。escape from attacks“躲避袭击”，首字母a对应attacks。 6．句意：与此同时，艾伯特也应征入伍，一心想要找回乔伊。艾伯特入伍是想找回马，首字母f对应find，置于不定式符号to之后用原形。 7．句意：《战马》画面唯美、情感充沛，是一部经典杰作，值得所有人观看。be worth sth.固定搭配，“值得”，首字母w对应worth。 （2026·上海崇明·二模） The sun is the world’s most powerful energy source. The huge fiery ball gives off more power than people could ever use. Solar cells (电池) are used to collect the sun’s energy. Then each solar cell c 1 the sunlight into electricity. There are thousands of solar cells on a solar panel (控制板). A few of these solar panels can produce enough electricity for a house. Solar power has many advantages. For one thing, it is clean. It does not produce any air pollution. Fossil fuels like coal or oil are dirty to burn. They give off gases that are h 2 to breathe. Air pollution from fossil fuels may even make our climate too warm. Solar power is cheaper than fossil fuels in some ways. Air pollution from fossil fuels causes serious d 3 . People get sick because of the dirty air. Gases from burning oil also hurt plants, animals and buildings. However, solar power would s 4 billions of dollars in these “hidden” costs for us. There are still some problems with solar power, though. Solar cells work only on sunny days. At night or in c 5 weather, people need another power source. Solar panels also have space problems. They are very large. Many large solar panels are needed to make enough electricity. It would be hard to find some large p 6 for them all. Solar cells are not that efficient yet, either. They do not use all the sunlight that hits them. Only 20 percent of the light can be turned into power. The r 7 of the energy is wasted. People need to invent more efficient cells that can make full use of sunlight. Then the cost of solar energy will fall. 【答案】1．changes/hanges 2．harmful/armful 3．damage/amage 4．save/ave 5．cloudy/loudy 6．places/laces 7．rest/est 【导语】本文介绍太阳能的获取方式、优缺点，对比化石能源并展望太阳能技术改进方向。 1．句意：然后每块太阳能电池把太阳光转化成电能。固定搭配change…into…意为“把……转化成……”，文章为一般现在时，主语“each solar cell”是单数，动词要用第三人称单数形式，首字母c提示填changes。 2．句意：它们释放出呼吸起来有害的气体。前文提到化石燃料燃烧会造成空气污染，对人体呼吸产生不良影响，首字母h结合语境提示填harmful，固定搭配be harmful to意为“对……有害”。 3．句意：化石燃料造成的空气污染会带来严重的危害。下文讲到污浊空气让人生病、废气伤害动植物与建筑，能看出空气污染会造成诸多不良损害，“serious”后接名词，首字母d提示填damage“损害”。 4．句意：然而太阳能会为我们节省数十亿美元这类隐性成本。前文说化石燃料有各类隐性代价，太阳能无需这些开销，能省下这笔费用，“would”后接动词原形，首字母s提示填save“节省”。 5．句意：在夜晚或是阴天的时候，人们需要其他能源。前文说明晴天太阳能电池才能工作，与之对应是阴天，此处修饰名词“weather”，首字母c提示填cloudy“阴天的”，形容词作定语修饰名词。 6．句意：很难为它们全部找到一些大片空地。前文提到太阳能板体积很大、需要数量多，需要大片场地摆放安置，“some”后接可数名词复数，首字母p提示填places“地方”。 7．句意：其余的能量都被浪费掉了。前文提到只有百分之二十的光能被转化成能源，剩余部分被浪费，固定搭配the rest of意为“其余的……”，首字母r提示填rest。 （2026·上海杨浦·二模） When I was in primary school, my grandma had a habit. Every morning, she would hand me an old umbrella before I went to school. But I always r 1 to take it because I thought it looked old and not cool. One day, after school, my friends and I were caught in a heavy rain. We stayed in the school building and waited for the rain to stop. To my s 2 , my grandma came with that same old umbrella. My friends said, “Your grandma really loves you.” In middle school, she still offered the umbrella every morning. Sometimes I took it just to make her happy, but I r 3 used it. One afternoon, she waited for me at the school gate with the umbrella in her hand. The sky was c 4 , and I felt upset because she had brought it again. I told her it was not necessary to bring an umbrella on a sunny day. She only smiled and said, “Just take it. It’s better to be ready.” Everything changed when I was in the eighth grade. One day, I came home early because I had a fever. I stood by the window and saw Grandma returning from the m 5 with a bag of food. Suddenly, it started to rain. She didn’t open the umbrella for h 6 . Instead, she opened it and held it over the bread she bought for me, trying to keep it dry. At that moment, I understood. The umbrella was never just an umbrella. It was her way of protecting me, even in small things. The next morning, I took the umbrella from her and said, “Thanks, Grandma.” Her eyes s 7 with happiness. Then I truly understood that love can hide in small things, just like that old umbrella. 【答案】1．refused/efused 2．surprise/urprise 3．rarely/arely 4．clear/lear/cloudless/loudless 5．market/arket 6．herself/erself 7．shone/hone 【导语】本文讲述了奶奶一直坚持给“我”带伞，从一开始“我”的不理解、不情愿，到最后读懂伞背后深沉的爱，明白爱往往藏在细微小事之中的成长故事。 1．句意：但是我总是拒绝带上它，因为我觉得它看起来老旧、不酷。文章讲述小学时期的往事，全篇为一般过去时；首字母r及后文不愿拿伞的心理，提示此处填refused。 2．句意：令我惊讶的是，奶奶拿着那把旧雨伞来了。固定搭配to one’s surprise 意为令某人惊讶的是，首字母s提示填surprise。 3．句意：有时候我收下伞只是为了让她开心，但我几乎不用它。前文写收下伞只为哄奶奶开心，后文转折说明实际很少使用，首字母r提示填rarely。 4．句意：天空万里无云，我因为她又一次带来了伞而感到心烦。后文sunny day提示当天天气晴朗，首字母c，可填clear/cloudless。 5．句意：我站在窗边，看见奶奶从市场回来，提着一袋食物。后文带着一袋食物的细节，结合首字母m，可知此处指市场，填market。 6．句意：她没有为自己撑开伞。句子主语为she，此处表示她自己，需用反身代词，首字母h提示填herself。 7．句意：她的眼里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。文章整体为过去时态，表达眼睛发亮、满是欢喜，首字母s提示填shone。 （2026·上海松江·二模）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Nowadays, robots are playing a more important role in our daily life. Besides helping with daily tasks, they can also offer company (陪伴) to humans. This makes people wonder: Can robots and humans be friends? Two teenagers hold different o 1 on this topic. Robots and humans can be friends. First of all, robots can offer emotional support to people. For lonely elderly people, or teenagers who are too nervous to share their worries with classmates, robots act as the most p 2 listeners. They never feel tired of your repeated stories and always make you feel good again. Furthermore, robots are always available. Unlike human friends who may be busy with study, robots can stay with you whenever you need. Whether you want to open up about your sadness after a bad exam, or share your happiness about a nice trip, robots will give you a response i 3 , and never make you wait or feel like you are troubling others. Besides, robots can help people practice communication skills. For those who are afraid of t 4 to others, chatting with robots is a good way to learn to express themselves better. Gong Lina, 15, Shanghai Robots can never be real friends with humans. For one thing, robots have no real feelings like humans. They only follow set programs, so they can’t truly u 5 your deep joy or sadness. For another, too much dependence on robots may make people more lonely. If people spend much free time chatting with robots, they will have f 6 chances to communicate with real people, and even lose the ability to get on with others. Most importantly, real friendship needs heart-to-heart connection, which robots can never provide. No matter how smart they are, robots cannot share real life experiences with you like a human friend. You need someone who can share ups and downs of life with you, and stand firmly by your side whenever you are in trouble. W 7 these shared life moments, it is impossible to form a real, lasting friendship. Shen Yi, 16, Guangzhou 【答案】1．opinions/pinions 2．patient/atient 3．immediately/mmediately 4．talking/alking 5．understand/nderstand 6．fewer/ewer 7．Without/ithout 【导语】本文围绕“机器人能否成为人类真正的朋友”这一话题展开，分别呈现了两位青少年不同的观点。一方认为机器人能提供情感支持、随时陪伴且助力提升沟通技巧，可成为人类的朋友；另一方则指出机器人没有真实情感、过度依赖会让人更孤独且无法建立心与心的连接，不能成为真正的朋友。 1．句意：两个青少年在这个话题上持有不同的观点。根据首字母“o”以及“different”提示，此处需要一个名词，“opinion”（观点）符合语境，且“different”后接可数名词复数。 2．句意：对于孤独的老人，或者那些太紧张而无法和同学分享烦恼的青少年来说，机器人充当最有耐心的倾听者。根据首字母“p”以及“listeners”提示，此处需要一个形容词来修饰“listeners”，“patient”（耐心的）符合语境，且“the most+形容词”构成最高级。 3．句意：无论你是想在考试失利后倾诉悲伤，还是分享一次愉快旅行的快乐，机器人都会立即给你回应，永远不会让你等待或者觉得你在打扰别人。根据首字母“i”以及“give you a response”（给你回应）提示，此处需要一个副词来修饰“give”，“immediately”符合语境。 4．句意：对于那些害怕和别人交谈的人来说，和机器人聊天是学习更好表达自己的好方法。根据首字母“t”以及“to others”提示，此处考查“talk to sb.”（和某人交谈），“of”是介词，后接动名词。 5．句意：它们只遵循设定好的程序，所以不能真正理解你内心深处的喜悦或悲伤。根据首字母“u”以及“your deep joy or sadness”提示，此处需要一个动词，“understand”（理解）符合语境，“can’t”后接动词原形。 6．句意：如果人们花很多空闲时间和机器人聊天，他们和真人交流的机会就会更少，甚至会失去与他人相处的能力。根据首字母“f”以及“chances”提示，此处需要一个形容词来修饰“chances”，结合语境，和机器人聊天多了，和真人交流的机会就“更少”，“few”（少的）的比较级“fewer”符合语境。 7．句意：没有这些共同的生活时刻，就不可能形成真正持久的友谊。根据首字母“W”以及“these shared life moments”和“impossible to form a real, lasting friendship”提示，此处需要一个介词，“Without”（没有）符合语境。 （25-26九年级下·上海中学东校·月考）Buzz, buzz… My smartphone interrupted while I was chatting with my friend Nina in a café. I took a look at the number and hung up. “A spam call (骚扰电话)?” Nina asked curiously. “96110… the Shanghai Anti-Fraud Center (上海市反诈中心), right?” I said. “Maybe they’ll offer me some anti-fraud tips, but I’m young and smart. I don’t need a lecture on those. They should just focus on elderly people.” “But there must be a r 1 why they’re calling you,” my friend said. “You know,” Nina went on to talk about her husband, “Mr. Goodie almost ended up in Cambodia (柬埔寨)!” One day last month, he was on the phone with a “college classmate” for a long time. The two hadn’t spoken in years, and the “classmate” told him that he was now living and working in Phnom Penh (金边), Cambodia. He i 2 Nina’s husband to travel there. He could show him around the capital city for free, he said. Mr. Goodie did have a classmate by that name. While Nina w 3 him that the “classmate” might be a fraudster (诈骗犯), her husband didn’t agree with her. “How could a fraudster know me so well?” he asked. Then, about a week later, the Shanghai Anti-Fraud Center called him. The police told him they had caught the “classmate”—a fraudster indeed. Buzz, buzz… My phone vibrated (振动) again and showed 96110. This time, I answered it. From the o 4 end came the soft but serious voice of a policewoman. “Mr. Yang, right?” “Yes.” “We recently caught a group of telecom (电信) fraudsters. We found that they had once c 5 you. Have you ever wired (电汇) money to someone you didn’t know?” “I don’t think I have…” “Think again. Have you ever done that?” The policewoman’s voice became even more serious. “No.” “Okay. If you d 6 later that you have, call 96110.” “What is it?” Nina asked as soon as the call ended. “You were also targeted by fraudsters?” “Yes… the police said they had phoned me, but I p 7 just hung up on them,” I said. “Well, obviously it’s not just elderly people who can be at risk from fraudsters.” 【答案】1．reason/eason 2．invited/nvited 3．warned/arned 4．other/ther 5．called/alled 6．discover/iscover 7．probably/robably 【导语】本文讲述了作者和朋友对上海市反诈中心来电的不同态度，通过朋友丈夫差点被骗的经历以及作者后续接到反诈中心电话的对话，揭示了诈骗风险并非只针对老年人，提醒人们要重视反诈中心的提醒。 1．句意：但是他们给你打电话一定是有原因的。该处需一个名词，在句中作表语，前文提到作者认为反诈中心不需要给自己讲反诈知识，朋友却认为反诈中心打电话过来是有原因的。结合首字母“r”，应填reason。 2．句意：他邀请妮娜的丈夫去那里旅行。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语，主语是“He”，与“Nina’s husband”之间是“邀请”的关系，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。结合首字母“i”，应填invited。 3．句意：当妮娜警告她的丈夫那个“同学”可能是个骗子时，她的丈夫不同意她的看法。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语，主语是“Nina”，与“her husband”之间是“警告”的关系，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。结合首字母“w”，应填warned。 4．句意：从电话的另一端传来一位女警察温柔而严肃的声音。该处需一个形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词“end”，根据语境可知是电话的另一端。结合首字母“o”，应填other。 5．句意：我们发现他们曾经给你打过电话。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语，主语是“they”，与“you”之间是“打电话”的关系，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。结合首字母“c”，应填called。 6．句意：如果你后来发现你汇过款，就拨打96110。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语，主语是“you”，与“that you have”之间是“发现”的关系，描述将来可能发生的事情，应用一般现在时。结合首字母“d”，应填discover。 7．句意：我说：“是的……警察说他们给我打过电话，但我可能只是挂断了他们的电话。”该处需一个副词，在句中作状语，修饰动词“hung up”，根据语境可知是可能挂断了电话。结合首字母“p”，应填probably。 （2026·上海青浦·一模）Fill in the blanks with proper words [在短文的空格内填入适当的单词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给] Run, jump, smash, score! Playing badminton is very popular. But have you ever thought about where shuttlecocks (羽毛球) come from? Lu’an in Anhui province is known for its l 1 history of raising geese, which dates back to the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). Today, Lu’an has become a global feather supplier, providing a key material for making badminton shuttlecocks. Compared to other kinds of geese, the local white goose has larger, thicker feathers with softer quills. After the feathers are collected, they go through many s 2 , including sorting (分类), washing and drying before being put together into shuttlecocks that fly smoothly. The local white goose often takes over 200 days to f 3 grow. About 14 million white geese are raised in Lu’an each year, but the growing supply still cannot meet the needs of the market. To i 4 production, local businesses have grown from small family-run farms to large breeding (饲养) bases. With the help of t 5 , they manage to control the temperature of goose houses. AI also helps. For example, an AI sorting machine quickly puts feathers into 21 groups. According to the records, a person sorts about 20,000 feathers each day, but a machine can sort 250,000. Clearly, it is far more e 6 than humans. The machine, developed by a Chinese university, is now in its fourth generation. The modern production line has led to business success. For example, Lu’an town w 7 with big companies and makes 3.6 million tubes of shuttlecocks a year. These products are sold to over 10 countries and regions, including Indonesia and Thailand. 【答案】1．long/ong 2．steps/teps 3．fully/ully 4．increase/ncrease 5．technology/echnology 6．efficient/fficient 7．works/orks 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了安徽六安作为全球羽毛球羽毛供应商的产业发展，包括当地白鹅养殖、羽毛加工的流程，以及科技在提升生产效率中的作用。 1．句意：安徽六安以其悠久的养鹅历史而闻名，这可以追溯到明朝（118-1644 年）。根据“dates back to the Ming Dynasty”可知，养鹅的历史很悠久，结合首字母“l”，long“悠久的”，形容词作表语，故填long。 2．句意：羽毛收集后，会经过多个步骤，包括分类、清洗和干燥，然后才被组装成能平稳飞行的羽毛球。根据“including sorting, washing and drying”可知，羽毛加工有多个步骤，结合首字母“s”，且“many”后接复数名词，故填steps。 3．句意：当地的白鹅通常需要200多天才能完全长大。根据“takes over 200 days to…grow”可知，是指完全长大，结合首字母“f”，用副词“fully”修饰动词“grow”，故填fully。 4．句意：为了增加产量，当地企业已经从小型家庭农场发展成大型养殖基地。根据“local businesses have grown from small family-run farms to large breeding bases”可知，目的是增加产量，结合首字母“i”，“to”后接动词原形，故填increase。 5．句意：在科技的帮助下，他们设法控制鹅舍的温度。根据后文 “an AI sorting machine” 可知，是借助科技手段，结合首字母“t”，“with the help of technology”是固定搭配，意为“在科技的帮助下”，故填technology。 6．句意：显然，它比人类高效得多。根据“a person sorts about 20,000 feathers each day, but a machine can sort 250,000”可知，机器比人类更高效，结合首字母“e”，且前有“more”后接形容词原级，故填efficient。 7．句意：例如，六安的一个小镇与大公司合作，每年生产360万筒羽毛球。根据“with big companies”可知，是与大公司合作，“work with”是固定短语，句子为一般现在时，主语“town”是第三人称单数，结合首字母“w”，故填works。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2/18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $