抢分05 生态低碳（热点时文）（抢分专练）（湖北专用）2026年中考英语终极冲刺讲练测

抢分05 生态低碳（热点时文） 热点导读 热点集训 阅读理解 A篇 介绍了海洋中极其微小的动物，它们通过特殊的方式将二氧化碳输送到深海，对减缓气候变化起着重要作用 B篇 讲述了海藻除了作为美味食物外，还对海洋生态和应对气候变化有重要作用。 C篇 介绍了瓶装水的便利性、其对环境造成的问题、流行的原因，以及“回归自来水”的环保倡议。 阅读还原 说明文 介绍了减少塑料污染的五个实用建议，包括自带购物袋、拒绝吸管、自带水瓶、避免塑料包装以及尽可能回收利用。 完形填空 记叙文 讲述了德国青年菲利克斯・芬克拜纳9岁时受旺加里・马塔伊事迹启发，发起“为地球植树”组织，呼吁公众种树应对气候变化 语法填空 说明文 介绍了树木对地球的重要作用，同时指出森林正在以惊人的速度消失，并呼吁大家行动起来保护树木与森林。 说明文 介绍了郑州一所小学推行的校服回收项目，讲述了该项目的运作方式、环保与省钱的意义，以及家长和学生的反响。 一、阅读理解 A The ocean is full of very small animals. Some are as tiny as a grain (粒) of rice. These little animals spend most of their lives in the deep, dark parts of the ocean. New research shows that they are very important in protecting our planet against climate change. Scientists from China, the UK, and Canada studied these animals in the Southern Ocean. They focused on three kinds of these animals that eat tiny plants near the ocean’s surface. These plants take in carbon dioxide (CO₂), a gas that makes the world warmer. But here is the key finding: in winter, the small animals swim down to about 500 meters below the surface. There, they breathe out the CO₂ from the plants they have eaten. This process, like a natural pump (泵), carries the gas down into the deep ocean. Every year, this natural pump carries a lot of carbon—more than 70 million tons—to the deep ocean. It’s so deep that the CO₂ cannot return to the air quickly. ▲ Without these animals, the level of CO₂ in the air would be much higher. So, these tiny sea animals are true “unknown heroes”. The study points out how crucial it is to protect the Southern Ocean. However, fishing activities there are putting some small sea animals in danger. We must be careful not to harm this natural pump. 1．Why does the writer mention “a grain of rice” in Paragraph 1? A．To describe the animals’ color. B．To show how tiny the animals are. C．To compare the animals’ shape. D．To explain why the animals live in the ocean. 2．What do the tiny sea animals do in winter? A．B．C． D． 3．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3? A．So the ocean becomes polluted because of it. B．However, human activities change the process. C．So it slows down the process of the gas going into the air. D．However, the process is slowed down because of climate change. 4．What does the underlined word “crucial” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Easy. B．Safe. C．Special. D．Important. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Danger to Ocean Animals B．The Secrets of the Southern Ocean C．Unknown Heroes in the Ocean D．New Findings on the Southern Ocean 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了海洋中极其微小的动物，它们通过特殊的方式将二氧化碳输送到深海，对减缓气候变化起着重要作用，被称为海洋里的“无名英雄”，同时也指出这些动物正面临人类活动的威胁，呼吁人们保护它们。 1．文章第1段“Some are as tiny as a grain of rice.”作者提到“一粒米”是为了形象地说明这些海洋动物的体型非常微小。 2．文章第2段“in winter, the small animals swim down to about 500 meters below the surface...carries the gas down into the deep ocean.”表明这些动物在冬天会游向海面下约500米的深处。在那里，它们会将所摄食植物中储存的二氧化碳排出体外。D选项的图片描绘了动物向水下深处移动并排出气体的场景。 3．文章第3段“It’s so deep that the CO₂ cannot return to the air quickly. ▲ Without these animals, the level of CO₂ in the air would be much higher.”表明深海使二氧化碳无法快速返回空气。▲没有这些动物，空气中二氧化碳水平会高得多，▲处需说明该过程减缓了气体进入空气。C选项“所以它减缓了气体回到空气中的过程”逻辑连贯，符合语境。 4．文章第4段“The study points out how crucial it is to protect the Southern Ocean.”以及前文提到这些微小动物对减缓气候变化至关重要，可推知“crucial”在此处意为“重要的”，与“Important”同义。 5．文章主要介绍了海洋中微小动物对保护地球、减缓气候变化的重要作用，称它们为unknown heroes“无名英雄”。C选项“海洋里的无名英雄”最能概括全文主旨。 B What does “environmentally friendly” mean to you? You might think of recycling programs or reusable bags, and you probably didn’t picture seaweed (海藻)! Yet seaweed is more than just a delicious food—big seaweed forests in coastal oceans are home to animals like otters (水獭), and seaweed can even help clean up the ocean by taking in pollution from farm waste! People have been talking lately about seaweed farming as a way to help fight climate change. Burning so many old energy sources, like coal, gasoline, and oil, makes the amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the air go up and up. That makes it harder for plants and animals to live. Well, what can we do to solve this problem? We need to lower CO₂ emissions (排放量) and find the effective ways to remove CO₂ from the air. Luckily, seaweed farming could help with both of these things! When seaweed grows, it takes in CO₂ from the water and turns it into biomass (生物质). It can then be used in different kinds of ways to remove the carbon from the environment, like making seaweed-based products that have lower carbon footprints than many present products. A study shows that growing seaweed can help deal with climate change and its bad effects on the oceans. But it’s not as simple as just growing more seaweed. Instead, the best thing we can do with seaweed is to use it to replace other products. Growing seaweed produces very little CO₂, so using seaweed instead of another product made with old energy sources means that the total CO₂ emissions can be lowered. But it will take much imagination for people to find the best ways to use seaweed in their daily lives. Think about your day-to-day activities. How many things can you find that could be replaced with seaweed products? 1．The underlined word “picture” in Paragraph 1 means ________. A．take photos of B．think of C．dream of D．draw pictures of 2．How can seaweed farming help fight climate change? A．By reducing the O₂ of water in the ocean. B．By providing wild animals with a safe home. C．By producing old energy sources like coal and gasoline. D．By lowering CO₂ emissions and removing CO₂ from the air. 3．What can we know from Paragraph 4? A．Growing is the best thing we can do with seaweed. B．It’s bad to deal with climate change with seaweed. C．It’s difficult for people to grow seaweed in the ocean. D．Seaweed products may replace some common products. 4．What’s the author’s main purpose of the passage? A．To explain why CO₂ is harmful to the environment. B．To show different kinds of seaweed in the ocean. C．To teach people how to grow seaweed in the sea. D．To introduce the use and advantages of seaweed. 5．Which is the author’s attitude towards using seaweed? A．Supportive. B．Worried. C．Uncertain. D．Doubtful. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．D 5．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了海藻除了作为美味食物外，还对海洋生态和应对气候变化有重要作用。海藻能够吸收农场废物中的污染，帮助净化海洋，且海藻养殖有助于降低二氧化碳排放和从空气中移除二氧化碳，对抗气候变化。文章还探讨了海藻在日常生活中的潜在应用，鼓励人们发挥想象力，用海藻产品替代传统产品。 1．第一段提到：“What does ‘environmentally friendly’ mean to you? You might think of recycling programs or reusable bags, and you probably didn’t picture seaweed (海藻)!”这句话直接说明当提到“environmentally friendly”时，你可能会想到回收项目或可重复使用的袋子，但可能不会想到海藻。因此，“picture”在这里的意思是“想到”。 2．第三段提到：“We need to lower CO₂ emissions (排放量) and find the effective ways to remove CO₂ from the air. Luckily, seaweed farming could help with both of these things!”这句话直接说明海藻养殖可以通过降低二氧化碳排放和从空气中移除二氧化碳来帮助应对气候变化。 3．第四段提到：“Instead, the best thing we can do with seaweed is to use it to replace other products.”和“How many things can you find that could be replaced with seaweed products?”这两句话直接说明海藻产品可能会替代一些常见产品。 4．文章首先介绍了海藻对海洋生态的益处，然后详细阐述了海藻养殖在应对气候变化方面的作用，最后探讨了海藻在日常生活中的潜在应用。因此，作者的主要目的是介绍海藻的用途和优势。 5．文章中提到海藻养殖有助于应对气候变化，且鼓励人们用海藻产品替代传统产品，这表明作者对使用海藻持支持态度。 C A lot of people drink bottled water in the world. A water bottle offers great convenience. It can be bought almost anywhere, carried around for a while, and then thrown away. The influence of bottled water on the environment, however, is very big. About 2.7 million tons of plastic are turned into bottles which are only used once each year. This requires a lot of oil and water. It also produces greenhouse gases. Bottled water is often carried for long distances to reach people who buy it. This uses even more fossil fuels (化石燃料) and creates more pollution. Although the bottles can be recycled, only small part of them are. The US only recycles about 23 percent. The rest are part of a growing waste problem. Convenience isn’t the only reason for bottled water to become popular. Many people believe that it must be cleaner and healthier than tap water from public water systems. But this is not true. In developed countries such as the US and some countries in Europe, laws about safe water is often stricter for tap water than for bottled water. It may come as a surprise that nearly 40 percent of the water bottled in the US starts from tap water. Before bottling, some companies filter (过滤) it, and they might add some things for taste. What’s more, bottled water can cost from 240 to 10,000 times more than tap water. “Back to the tap” activities start around the world. In order to save money, use fewer resources, and create less waste, they support using tap water and reusable bottles rather than bottled water. San Francisco and other cities across the United States no longer allow their government departments to buy any bottled water. Companies are trying to improve, too. They have reduced the use of plastic in their bottles. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What’s the second paragraph mainly talking about? A．The difficulty of transporting the bottles. B．The advantages of bottled water. C．The ways to produce bottled water. D．The problem caused by bottled water. 2．Why is bottled water popular? A．Because people think it is the water from nature. B．Because people think it is convenient and safe. C．Because people think it is cheaper than tap water. D．Because people think it can prevent illnesses. 3．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Fossil fuels. B．The bottles. C．Water systems. D．Greenhouse gases. 4．Which of the following is one of the “Back to the tap” activities? A．Stop producing bottled water. B．Support using tap water and reusable bottles. C．Use many resources and create much waste. D．Use many resources and create little waste. 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．“Back to the tap” activities B．Tap water is much cleaner C．Let’s drink healthy water D．The water in the USA 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．A 【解析】本文介绍了瓶装水的便利性、其对环境造成的问题、流行的原因，以及“回归自来水”的环保倡议。 1．第二段开头提到“The influence of bottled water on the environment, however, is very big.”，随后介绍了瓶装水带来的塑料污染、资源消耗、温室气体排放等问题，因此该段主要讲瓶装水造成的问题。 2．第一段提到瓶装水很方便，第三段提到“Many people believe that it must be cleaner and healthier than tap water”，可知瓶装水流行的原因是人们认为它方便且安全。 3．第二段提到“Although the bottles can be recycled, only small parts of them are.”，可知“them”指代前文的“the bottles”。 4．最后一段提到“they support using tap water and reusable bottles rather than bottled water”，可知“回归自来水”活动的内容之一是支持使用自来水和可重复使用的瓶子。 5．文章围绕瓶装水的问题、真相以及“回归自来水”的倡议展开，核心是呼吁减少瓶装水使用、回归自来水，因此最佳标题对应“Back to the tap” activities。 二、阅读还原 Plastic pollution is a serious problem, and it’s getting worse. Plastic can stay for many years. Scientists are trying to create plastic that breaks down quickly, but the best way for now is to use less plastic. 1 Stop using plastic bags. Instead, take your own reusable shopping bag to the store. Every year, people use tons of plastic bags worldwide. 2 Other countries make customers pay for them. Say no to the straw (吸管). A study showed that around 8.3 billion plastic straws cover the world’s beaches. So when you order a drink, say no to the straw, or bring your own reusable one. Don’t buy bottled water. 1 Around the world, nearly a million plastic bottles are thrown away every minute. The problem is so bad that in some countries, stores aren’t allowed to sell bottled water any more. 2 Most things you buy come in plastic packaging. It’s almost everywhere. But there is something you can do, too: avoid fruit or vegetables packed in plastic. Recycle what you can. You can’t recycle all plastic things. 3 For example, you can recycle bottles and milk or juice bags. In some countries, machines take the bottles and give a little money back for each bottle. A．Carry a reusable water bottle with you. B．Avoid plastic packaging (包装). C．Some countries try to stop using plastic bags. D．But it is possible to start small. E．Reduce plastic waste. F．Here are five tips that can help you. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 【解析】本文介绍了减少塑料污染的五个实用建议，包括自带购物袋、拒绝吸管、自带水瓶、避免塑料包装以及尽可能回收利用。 1．上文提到“最好的办法是减少使用塑料”，后文开始列举具体做法（Stop using plastic bags...等），因此此处需要一个总起句，引出下文建议。F项“Here are five tips that can help you.”符合语境。 2．前文说“全球每年使用大量塑料袋”，后文说“其他国家让顾客付费”，中间需要说明一些国家已经采取行动。C项“Some countries try to stop using plastic bags.”符合语境。 3．前文说“不要买瓶装水”，后文说明塑料瓶污染严重，中间应给出替代方案。A项“Carry a reusable water bottle with you.”符合语境。 4．本段讨论塑料包装问题，首句需要点明主题。B项“Avoid plastic packaging (包装).”符合语境。 5．前文说“并非所有塑料都能回收”，后文举例可以回收的瓶子等，中间需要转折说明从小处做起。D项“But it is possible to start small.”符合语境。 三、完形填空 “Planting a tree is easy. Bringing back a forest is hard,” said Felix Finkbeiner, a young German. He is the president (负责人) of Plant for the Planet-an organization running workshops to encourage the public to 1 climate change by planting trees. The 2 came to Finkbeiner when he was 9 years old. He had just learned about Wangari Maathai, a woman who helped plant 3 30 million trees in Africa. Encouraged by her work, Finkbeiner talked about deforestation (滥伐森林) and how 4 it was to Earth in his class. At the end of his talk, he 5 people to help by planting one million trees in Germany. 6 expected a child’s school project would make a difference. Nine years later, 7 , Finkbeiner’s efforts had led to the planting of over 14 billion trees. Finkbeiner and his classmates started Plant for the Planet by planting the 8 tree outside their school. Other schools followed the example, and the news 9 As a result, when Finkbeiner was just 13, he was invited to speak in a United Nations 10 . “We can’t trust that adults alone will save our future,” he said in the meeting. “We have to take our future in our hands.” Now Finkbeiner is in 11 twenties. Plant for the Planet has more than 70,000 12 around the world. Germany’s one millionth tree was planted long ago. The 13 now is one trillion (万亿) about 150 for every person on Earth. Plant for the Planet is making progress 14 planting a trillion trees. But there isn’t an exact (确切的) timeline. “The more people 15 it. the faster the goal can be achieved and the greener Earth can get,” Finkbeiner said. 1．A．increase B．protect C．complete D．fight 2．A．chance B．problem C．idea D．case 3．A．usually B．nearly C．especially D．suddenly 4．A．helpful B．harmful C．meaningful D．thankful 5．A．ordered B．warned C．agreed D．encouraged 6．A．Nobody B．Anybody C．Somebody D．Everybody 7．A．either B．instead C．therefore D．however 8．A．first B．best C．youngest D．last 9．A．disappeared B．improved C．spread D．changed 10．A．interview B．meeting C．examination D．celebration 11．A．my B．their C．his D．her 12．A．students B．customers C．coaches D．members 13．A．cost B．point C．goal D．result 14．A．towards B．against C．without D．above 15．A．take part in B．come up with C．get on with D．get in touch with 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．A 【解析】本文主要讲述了德国青年菲利克斯・芬克拜纳9岁时受旺加里・马塔伊事迹启发，发起“为地球植树”组织，呼吁公众种树应对气候变化，9年间促成全球种植超140亿棵树，如今该组织全球成员超7万，目标已升级为1万亿棵，他呼吁更多人参与让地球更绿。 1．句意：该组织举办工作坊，鼓励公众通过种树应对气候变化。 increase增加；protect保护；complete完成；fight对抗。根据“by planting trees”可知，通过种树“应对”气候变化，“fight climate change”是固定表达，意为“应对/对抗气候变化”。故选D。 2．句意：芬克拜纳9岁时萌生了这个想法。 chance机会；problem问题；idea想法；case案例。根据“He had just learned about Wangari Maathai, a woman who helped plant...30 million trees in Africa.”可知，他了解到Wangari Maathai的事迹后，产生了创办组织、鼓励种树的“想法”。故选C。 3．句意：他刚了解到旺加里・马塔伊，这位女性在非洲帮助种植了近3000万棵树。 usually通常；nearly将近；especially尤其；suddenly突然。根据“30 million trees”可知，此处表示概数，nearly 表“接近、将近”，符合“描述大致数量”的语境。故选B。 4．句意：受她事迹的鼓舞，芬克拜纳在班上谈论了滥伐森林及其对地球的危害。 helpful有帮助的；harmful有害的；meaningful有意义的；thankful感激的。根据“deforestation (滥伐森林)”可知，滥伐森林是破坏行为，对地球“有害”。故选B。 5．句意：演讲结束时，他鼓励人们通过在德国种植100 万棵树来提供帮助。 ordered命令；warned警告；agreed同意；encouraged鼓励。根据“encourage the public to...climate change by planting trees.”可知， 此处延续“鼓励他人参与”。故选D。 6．句意：没人料到一个孩子的校园项目会产生影响。 Nobody没人；Anybody任何人；Somebody某人；Everybody所有人。根据“Finkbeiner’s efforts had led to the planting of over14 billion trees.”可知，“9 年后种了140亿棵树”是意外成果，最初“没有人”期望一个孩子的学校项目会产生重大影响。故选A。 7．句意：然而，9年后，芬克拜纳的努力已促成种植超过140亿棵树。 either也；instead反而；therefore因此；however然而。根据“...expected a child’s school project would make a difference”与“Finkbeiner’s efforts had led to the planting of over14 billion trees”可知，前后句是转折关系，however表转折。故选D。 8．句意：芬克拜纳和他的同学在学校外种下了第一棵树，由此创办了“为地球植树”组织。 first第一；best最好的；youngest最年轻的；last最后的。根据“started Plant for the Planet”可知，组织起步从“第一棵树”开始。故选A。 9．句意：其他学校纷纷效仿，消息也传播开来。 disappeared消失；improved改善；spread传播；changed改变。根据“Other schools followed the example”可知，种树的消息被更多人“传播”，所以其他学校效仿榜样。故选C。 10．结果，芬克拜纳13岁时就受邀在联合国会议上发言。 interview采访；meeting会议；examination考试；celebration庆祝活动。根据“he said in the meeting”可知，他是在“会议”上发言。故选B。 11．句意：现在芬克拜纳二十多岁。 my我的；their他们的；his他的；her她的。“in one’s twenties”是固定表达，表示“某人二十多岁”，根据主语“Finkbeiner（男性）”可知，此处用his。故选C。 12．句意：“为地球植树”组织在全球已有7万多名成员。 students学生；customers顾客；coaches教练；members成员。根据“Plant for the Planet”可知，“为地球植树”是个组织，因此其参与者称为“成员”。故选D。 13．句意：现在的目标是1万亿棵树——大约是地球上每个人150棵。 ost成本；point观点；goal目标；result结果。根据“Germany’s one millionth tree was planted long ago.”和后文“the faster the goal can be achieved”可知，“种植100万棵树”的最初目标已经完成，此处“1 万亿棵”是新目标。故选C。 14．句意：“为地球植树”组织在朝着种植1万亿棵树的目标稳步推进。 towards朝着；against对抗；without没有；above在……之上。“make progress towards + 目标”是固定搭配，意为“朝着目标取得进展”。故选A。 15．句意：“参与的人越多，目标就能越快实现，地球也能变得更绿。” 芬克拜纳说。 take part in参与；come up with提出；get on with与……相处；get in touch with联系。根据“the faster the goal can be achieved”可知，“参与”的人越多，目标就能越快实现。故选A。 四、语法填空 A Dear Friends, Have you ever wondered what life would be like without trees? Trees are among the 1 (important) living things on Earth. They provide us with oxygen, food, wood, and medicine. They also make our planet beautiful. A single large tree can produce enough oxygen for four people each day. Trees also absorb carbon dioxide, 2 helps fight climate change. In addition, they prevent soil erosion (侵蚀) and provide homes for countless 3 (animal). 4 (sad), forests around the world are disappearing at an alarming rate. Every year, millions of acres of forest 5 (cut) down for farming, building, and other human activities. This has a terrible effect 6 our environment. The good news is that we can all help. Planting a tree is a simple action 7 makes a big difference. You can also reduce paper waste by using 8 (little) paper and recycling whenever possible. Many countries have started reforestation programs. China, for example, has planted billions of trees over the 9 (past) few decades. These efforts are slowly 10 (help) to restore damaged ecosystems. Remember, every tree counts. What will you do to help protect our forests? Yours sincerely, Environmental Protection Club 【答案】 1．most important 2．which 3．animals 4．Sadly 5．are cut 6．on 7．that 8．less 9．past 10．helping 【解析】本文介绍了树木对地球的重要作用，同时指出森林正在以惊人的速度消失，并呼吁大家行动起来保护树木与森林。 1．句意：树木是地球上最重要的生物之一。固定结构“among the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词”表示“在……中最……之一”，important需变为最高级most important。 2．句意：树木还能吸收二氧化碳，这有助于应对气候变化。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为carbon dioxide，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which。 3．句意：此外，它们还能防止水土流失，为无数动物提供家园。此处countless后接可数名词复数表泛指，animal需变为复数形式animals。 4．句意：令人遗憾的是，世界各地的森林正在以惊人的速度消失。此处修饰整个句子，需用副词，sad的副词形式为Sadly。 5．句意：每年，数百万英亩的森林因农业、建筑和其他人类活动而被砍伐。句子为一般现在时的被动语态，主语forests与cut down为被动关系，需用are cut。 6．句意：这对我们的环境造成了严重的影响。固定短语“have an effect on”表示“对……有影响”，应用介词on。 7．句意：种树是一项能带来巨大改变的简单行动。此处为定语从句，先行词为action，关系词在从句中作主语，应用that。 8．句意：你也可以通过减少用纸和尽可能回收利用来减少纸张浪费。此处暗含与过去的对比，需用little的比较级less。 9．句意：例如，在过去的几十年里，中国已经种植了数十亿棵树。固定短语“over the past few decades”表示“在过去的几十年里”，应用形容词past。 10．句意：这些努力正慢慢帮助恢复受损的生态系统。句子为现在进行时，结构为“be + 现在分词”，help需变为现在分词形式helping。 B As the new school year begins, first-grader Dong Chengyun smiles happily as she tries on her free school uniform. Unlike regular uniforms, the uniform still has the name of the child who 1 (wear) it before her. A recycled uniform program at a primary school in Zhengzhou has recently become popular. Many users speak 2 (high) of the action. It not only saves money but also helps the environment. Some people say this practice should 3 (introduce) to schools all over the country. For fourth-grader Zhao Zitong, this summer was 4 (he) second time joining the program. He exchanged his old size-130 uniform for a size-150 for free. “We were very 5 (surprise) when we first learned that all children could get free school uniforms,” said his mother. “Kids grow quickly, so this will save families a lot of money.” The school collects uniforms in two ways—either from graduating students who give away their old ones, or from 6 (old) students like Zhao Zitong. Before 7 (pass) these uniforms on to younger students, the school makes sure each one gets a deep professional (专业的) cleaning. 8 (make) sure they’re clean and safe to wear. Headmaster Hu Jianling explained how this method works. “The uniforms are still in good condition, just too small for some growing kids,” Hu said, “Recycling avoids waste and teaches 9 (child) two important lessons: saving money and protecting our planet.” For years, this recycled uniform program 10 (win) growing support from parents. 【答案】 1．wore 2．highly 3．be introduced 4．his 5．surprised 6．older 7．passing 8．To make 9．children 10．has won 【解析】本文介绍了郑州一所小学推行的校服回收项目，讲述了该项目的运作方式、环保与省钱的意义，以及家长和学生的反响。 1．句意：与普通校服不同，这件校服上还留有之前穿它的孩子的名字。句子描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，wear的过去式是wore。 2．句意：许多用户高度评价这一举措。“speak highly of”是固定搭配，表示“高度评价”，high的副词形式是highly。 3．句意：有人说这种做法应该在全国的学校推广。practice与introduce是被动关系，情态动词should后接be introduced。 4．句意：对四年级学生赵子彤来说，今年夏天是他第二次参加这个项目。此处用形容词性物主代词修饰名词second time，he的形容词性物主代词是his。 5．句意：当我们第一次得知所有孩子都能得到免费校服时，我们非常惊讶。此处用形容词描述人的感受，surprise的形容词形式是surprised。 6．句意：学校通过两种方式收集校服——要么是即将毕业的学生捐赠旧校服，要么是像赵子彤这样的高年级学生。此处用形容词修饰名词students，表示“年长的/高年级的”，old的比较级是older。 7．句意：在把这些校服传给低年级学生之前，学校会确保每一件都经过专业的深度清洗。介词Before后接动名词，pass的动名词形式是passing。 8．句意：以确保它们干净且穿着安全。此处用不定式作目的状语，故填To make。 9．句意：回收利用避免了浪费，并给孩子们上了重要的两课：省钱和保护我们的星球。此处用复数名词表示泛指，child的复数形式是children。 10．句意：经过多年的努力，这个校服回收项目已经赢得了越来越多家长的支持。“For years”是现在完成时的标志，主语this recycled uniform program是单数，用has won。 2 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 抢分05 生态低碳（热点时文） 热点导读 热点集训 阅读理解 A篇 介绍了海洋中极其微小的动物，它们通过特殊的方式将二氧化碳输送到深海，对减缓气候变化起着重要作用 B篇 讲述了海藻除了作为美味食物外，还对海洋生态和应对气候变化有重要作用。 C篇 介绍了瓶装水的便利性、其对环境造成的问题、流行的原因，以及“回归自来水”的环保倡议。 阅读还原 说明文 介绍了减少塑料污染的五个实用建议，包括自带购物袋、拒绝吸管、自带水瓶、避免塑料包装以及尽可能回收利用。 完形填空 记叙文 讲述了德国青年菲利克斯・芬克拜纳9岁时受旺加里・马塔伊事迹启发，发起“为地球植树”组织，呼吁公众种树应对气候变化 语法填空 说明文 介绍了树木对地球的重要作用，同时指出森林正在以惊人的速度消失，并呼吁大家行动起来保护树木与森林。 说明文 介绍了郑州一所小学推行的校服回收项目，讲述了该项目的运作方式、环保与省钱的意义，以及家长和学生的反响。 一、阅读理解 A The ocean is full of very small animals. Some are as tiny as a grain (粒) of rice. These little animals spend most of their lives in the deep, dark parts of the ocean. New research shows that they are very important in protecting our planet against climate change. Scientists from China, the UK, and Canada studied these animals in the Southern Ocean. They focused on three kinds of these animals that eat tiny plants near the ocean’s surface. These plants take in carbon dioxide (CO₂), a gas that makes the world warmer. But here is the key finding: in winter, the small animals swim down to about 500 meters below the surface. There, they breathe out the CO₂ from the plants they have eaten. This process, like a natural pump (泵), carries the gas down into the deep ocean. Every year, this natural pump carries a lot of carbon—more than 70 million tons—to the deep ocean. It’s so deep that the CO₂ cannot return to the air quickly. ▲ Without these animals, the level of CO₂ in the air would be much higher. So, these tiny sea animals are true “unknown heroes”. The study points out how crucial it is to protect the Southern Ocean. However, fishing activities there are putting some small sea animals in danger. We must be careful not to harm this natural pump. 1．Why does the writer mention “a grain of rice” in Paragraph 1? A．To describe the animals’ color. B．To show how tiny the animals are. C．To compare the animals’ shape. D．To explain why the animals live in the ocean. 2．What do the tiny sea animals do in winter? A．B．C． D． 3．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3? A．So the ocean becomes polluted because of it. B．However, human activities change the process. C．So it slows down the process of the gas going into the air. D．However, the process is slowed down because of climate change. 4．What does the underlined word “crucial” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Easy. B．Safe. C．Special. D．Important. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Danger to Ocean Animals B．The Secrets of the Southern Ocean C．Unknown Heroes in the Ocean D．New Findings on the Southern Ocean B What does “environmentally friendly” mean to you? You might think of recycling programs or reusable bags, and you probably didn’t picture seaweed (海藻)! Yet seaweed is more than just a delicious food—big seaweed forests in coastal oceans are home to animals like otters (水獭), and seaweed can even help clean up the ocean by taking in pollution from farm waste! People have been talking lately about seaweed farming as a way to help fight climate change. Burning so many old energy sources, like coal, gasoline, and oil, makes the amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the air go up and up. That makes it harder for plants and animals to live. Well, what can we do to solve this problem? We need to lower CO₂ emissions (排放量) and find the effective ways to remove CO₂ from the air. Luckily, seaweed farming could help with both of these things! When seaweed grows, it takes in CO₂ from the water and turns it into biomass (生物质). It can then be used in different kinds of ways to remove the carbon from the environment, like making seaweed-based products that have lower carbon footprints than many present products. A study shows that growing seaweed can help deal with climate change and its bad effects on the oceans. But it’s not as simple as just growing more seaweed. Instead, the best thing we can do with seaweed is to use it to replace other products. Growing seaweed produces very little CO₂, so using seaweed instead of another product made with old energy sources means that the total CO₂ emissions can be lowered. But it will take much imagination for people to find the best ways to use seaweed in their daily lives. Think about your day-to-day activities. How many things can you find that could be replaced with seaweed products? 1．The underlined word “picture” in Paragraph 1 means ________. A．take photos of B．think of C．dream of D．draw pictures of 2．How can seaweed farming help fight climate change? A．By reducing the O₂ of water in the ocean. B．By providing wild animals with a safe home. C．By producing old energy sources like coal and gasoline. D．By lowering CO₂ emissions and removing CO₂ from the air. 3．What can we know from Paragraph 4? A．Growing is the best thing we can do with seaweed. B．It’s bad to deal with climate change with seaweed. C．It’s difficult for people to grow seaweed in the ocean. D．Seaweed products may replace some common products. 4．What’s the author’s main purpose of the passage? A．To explain why CO₂ is harmful to the environment. B．To show different kinds of seaweed in the ocean. C．To teach people how to grow seaweed in the sea. D．To introduce the use and advantages of seaweed. 5．Which is the author’s attitude towards using seaweed? A．Supportive. B．Worried. C．Uncertain. D．Doubtful. C A lot of people drink bottled water in the world. A water bottle offers great convenience. It can be bought almost anywhere, carried around for a while, and then thrown away. The influence of bottled water on the environment, however, is very big. About 2.7 million tons of plastic are turned into bottles which are only used once each year. This requires a lot of oil and water. It also produces greenhouse gases. Bottled water is often carried for long distances to reach people who buy it. This uses even more fossil fuels (化石燃料) and creates more pollution. Although the bottles can be recycled, only small part of them are. The US only recycles about 23 percent. The rest are part of a growing waste problem. Convenience isn’t the only reason for bottled water to become popular. Many people believe that it must be cleaner and healthier than tap water from public water systems. But this is not true. In developed countries such as the US and some countries in Europe, laws about safe water is often stricter for tap water than for bottled water. It may come as a surprise that nearly 40 percent of the water bottled in the US starts from tap water. Before bottling, some companies filter (过滤) it, and they might add some things for taste. What’s more, bottled water can cost from 240 to 10,000 times more than tap water. “Back to the tap” activities start around the world. In order to save money, use fewer resources, and create less waste, they support using tap water and reusable bottles rather than bottled water. San Francisco and other cities across the United States no longer allow their government departments to buy any bottled water. Companies are trying to improve, too. They have reduced the use of plastic in their bottles. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What’s the second paragraph mainly talking about? A．The difficulty of transporting the bottles. B．The advantages of bottled water. C．The ways to produce bottled water. D．The problem caused by bottled water. 2．Why is bottled water popular? A．Because people think it is the water from nature. B．Because people think it is convenient and safe. C．Because people think it is cheaper than tap water. D．Because people think it can prevent illnesses. 3．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Fossil fuels. B．The bottles. C．Water systems. D．Greenhouse gases. 4．Which of the following is one of the “Back to the tap” activities? A．Stop producing bottled water. B．Support using tap water and reusable bottles. C．Use many resources and create much waste. D．Use many resources and create little waste. 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．“Back to the tap” activities B．Tap water is much cleaner C．Let’s drink healthy water D．The water in the USA 二、阅读还原 Plastic pollution is a serious problem, and it’s getting worse. Plastic can stay for many years. Scientists are trying to create plastic that breaks down quickly, but the best way for now is to use less plastic. 1 Stop using plastic bags. Instead, take your own reusable shopping bag to the store. Every year, people use tons of plastic bags worldwide. 2 Other countries make customers pay for them. Say no to the straw (吸管). A study showed that around 8.3 billion plastic straws cover the world’s beaches. So when you order a drink, say no to the straw, or bring your own reusable one. Don’t buy bottled water. 1 Around the world, nearly a million plastic bottles are thrown away every minute. The problem is so bad that in some countries, stores aren’t allowed to sell bottled water any more. 2 Most things you buy come in plastic packaging. It’s almost everywhere. But there is something you can do, too: avoid fruit or vegetables packed in plastic. Recycle what you can. You can’t recycle all plastic things. 3 For example, you can recycle bottles and milk or juice bags. In some countries, machines take the bottles and give a little money back for each bottle. A．Carry a reusable water bottle with you. B．Avoid plastic packaging (包装). C．Some countries try to stop using plastic bags. D．But it is possible to start small. E．Reduce plastic waste. F．Here are five tips that can help you. 三、完形填空 “Planting a tree is easy. Bringing back a forest is hard,” said Felix Finkbeiner, a young German. He is the president (负责人) of Plant for the Planet-an organization running workshops to encourage the public to 1 climate change by planting trees. The 2 came to Finkbeiner when he was 9 years old. He had just learned about Wangari Maathai, a woman who helped plant 3 30 million trees in Africa. Encouraged by her work, Finkbeiner talked about deforestation (滥伐森林) and how 4 it was to Earth in his class. At the end of his talk, he 5 people to help by planting one million trees in Germany. 6 expected a child’s school project would make a difference. Nine years later, 7 , Finkbeiner’s efforts had led to the planting of over 14 billion trees. Finkbeiner and his classmates started Plant for the Planet by planting the 8 tree outside their school. Other schools followed the example, and the news 9 As a result, when Finkbeiner was just 13, he was invited to speak in a United Nations 10 . “We can’t trust that adults alone will save our future,” he said in the meeting. “We have to take our future in our hands.” Now Finkbeiner is in 11 twenties. Plant for the Planet has more than 70,000 12 around the world. Germany’s one millionth tree was planted long ago. The 13 now is one trillion (万亿) about 150 for every person on Earth. Plant for the Planet is making progress 14 planting a trillion trees. But there isn’t an exact (确切的) timeline. “The more people 15 it. the faster the goal can be achieved and the greener Earth can get,” Finkbeiner said. 1．A．increase B．protect C．complete D．fight 2．A．chance B．problem C．idea D．case 3．A．usually B．nearly C．especially D．suddenly 4．A．helpful B．harmful C．meaningful D．thankful 5．A．ordered B．warned C．agreed D．encouraged 6．A．Nobody B．Anybody C．Somebody D．Everybody 7．A．either B．instead C．therefore D．however 8．A．first B．best C．youngest D．last 9．A．disappeared B．improved C．spread D．changed 10．A．interview B．meeting C．examination D．celebration 11．A．my B．their C．his D．her 12．A．students B．customers C．coaches D．members 13．A．cost B．point C．goal D．result 14．A．towards B．against C．without D．above 15．A．take part in B．come up with C．get on with D．get in touch with 四、语法填空 A Dear Friends, Have you ever wondered what life would be like without trees? Trees are among the 1 (important) living things on Earth. They provide us with oxygen, food, wood, and medicine. They also make our planet beautiful. A single large tree can produce enough oxygen for four people each day. Trees also absorb carbon dioxide, 2 helps fight climate change. In addition, they prevent soil erosion (侵蚀) and provide homes for countless 3 (animal). 4 (sad), forests around the world are disappearing at an alarming rate. Every year, millions of acres of forest 5 (cut) down for farming, building, and other human activities. This has a terrible effect 6 our environment. The good news is that we can all help. Planting a tree is a simple action 7 makes a big difference. You can also reduce paper waste by using 8 (little) paper and recycling whenever possible. Many countries have started reforestation programs. China, for example, has planted billions of trees over the 9 (past) few decades. These efforts are slowly 10 (help) to restore damaged ecosystems. Remember, every tree counts. What will you do to help protect our forests? Yours sincerely, Environmental Protection Club B As the new school year begins, first-grader Dong Chengyun smiles happily as she tries on her free school uniform. Unlike regular uniforms, the uniform still has the name of the child who 1 (wear) it before her. A recycled uniform program at a primary school in Zhengzhou has recently become popular. Many users speak 2 (high) of the action. It not only saves money but also helps the environment. Some people say this practice should 3 (introduce) to schools all over the country. For fourth-grader Zhao Zitong, this summer was 4 (he) second time joining the program. He exchanged his old size-130 uniform for a size-150 for free. “We were very 5 (surprise) when we first learned that all children could get free school uniforms,” said his mother. “Kids grow quickly, so this will save families a lot of money.” The school collects uniforms in two ways—either from graduating students who give away their old ones, or from 6 (old) students like Zhao Zitong. Before 7 (pass) these uniforms on to younger students, the school makes sure each one gets a deep professional (专业的) cleaning. 8 (make) sure they’re clean and safe to wear. Headmaster Hu Jianling explained how this method works. “The uniforms are still in good condition, just too small for some growing kids,” Hu said, “Recycling avoids waste and teaches 9 (child) two important lessons: saving money and protecting our planet.” For years, this recycled uniform program 10 (win) growing support from parents. 2 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $