Unit 1 The Changing World.单元知识清单 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

Unit 1 The Changing World.单元知识清单 Part1 单元知识梳理 一、重点单词 1. rough adj. 崎岖的→a rough path崎岖的小路→反义词smooth adj. 光滑的；平坦的 2. shortage n. 短缺→ food shortage食物短缺→ shortage of workers劳动力短缺 3. lack n. 缺乏 v. 缺乏；没有→ lack experience缺乏经验 4. root n. 根 n. 根源→ root cause 根本原因 5. soil n. 土壤→ rich/poor soil 肥沃的/贫瘠的土壤 6. sandy adj. 铺满沙子的；含沙的→ sandy beach沙滩→ sandy soil沙质土壤→ sand n. 沙子；沙滩 7. government n. 政府→ local government当地政府→ central government中央政府 8. support n. & v. 支持→ support sb. in doing sth. 支持某人做某事→ in support of 支持→ give support to sb. 给予某人支持 9. high-tech adj. 高科技的→ high-tech industry高科技产业→ high-tech product高科技产品 10. greenhouse n. 温室→ greenhouse effect温室效应→ greenhouse gas温室气体 11. highway n. 公路→ national highway国道 12. railway n. 铁路→ railway station火车站→ railway line铁路线 13. attraction n. 向往的地方；吸引力→ attract v. 吸引→ attractive adj. 有吸引力的 14. product n. 产品→ new product新产品→ product development产品开发→ produce v. 生产；制造 15. greatly adv. 大大地；非常 16. socialist adj. 社会主义的 n. 社会主义者→ socialist country社会主义国家→ socialist society社会主义社会→ social adj. 社会的 17. digital adj. 电子的→ digital camera 数码相机→ digital technology 数字技术→ digital payment数字支付 18. audio adj. 音频的 n. 音频→ audio book有声书→ audio equipment音频设备 19. dirt n. 泥土；尘土→ dirt bike越野摩托车 20. track n. 小路；轨道→ train track火车轨道 21. wide adj. 宽的；宽阔的→ wider（比较级）→ widest（最高级） 22. link n. 交通路线；联系 v. 连接→ link...to... 把……和……连接起来→ link between ……之间的联系 23. port n. 港口→ port city港口城市 24. capital n. 首都→ the capital of... ……的首都→ n. 大写字母→ adj. 大写的 25. benefit v. 得益于；使受益 n. 优势；益处→ benefit from从……中受益→ benefit sb.使某人受益 26. convenient adj. 方便的→ inconvenient adj. 不方便的→ convenience n. 方便，便利；便利设施 27. business n. 生意；商业→ do business 做生意→ business trip商务旅行 28. ease n. 容易；自在→ feel at ease 感到自在→ v. 减轻；缓和→ ease sb.’s pain减轻某人的痛苦 29. lorry n. 卡车 复数形式lorries 30. manager n. 经理→ manage v. 管理；经营；设法→ management n. 经营；管理 31. conclusion n. 总结→ draw a conclusion得出结论→ in conclusion总之 32. narrow adj. 狭窄的→ narrow street狭窄的街道→反义词wide adj. 宽的 33. villager n. 村民 34. lead v. （led, led）带领；过（某种生活） n. 领先地位；主角→ lead to导致→ lead a life过……的生活→ lead the way带路 35. man-made adj. 人造的；非天然的→ man-made satellite人造卫星→ man-made lake人工湖 36. miracle n. 奇迹 37. junior adj. 低年级的；初级的→ junior high school初中→ junior student低年级学生→ senior adj. 高年级的 38. discussion n. 讨论→ have a discussion进行讨论→ under discussion在讨论中 39. aspect n. 方面→ different aspects不同方面→ the aspect of life生活的方面 二、重点短语 1. bring about 带来；引起 2. be covered with 被……覆盖 3. be happy with 对……感到满意 4. down the street 沿街 5. farmland shortage 耕地短缺 6. lack of technology技术匮乏 7. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 8. all the time 一直；始终 9. since then 从那以后 10. as a result 因此 11. quite a lot 相当多；非常多 12. tons of许多；大量 13. take place 发生 14. with ease 轻而易举地 15. the length of ……的长度 16. be known as 被认为；被称为 17. be different from和……不同 18. the Olympics 奥林匹克运动会= the Olympic Games 三、重点句子 1. How has life changed in your hometown over the last 20 years?过去20年里，你家乡的生活发生了怎样的变化？ 2. Have there been any other changes? 还有其他变化吗？ 3. He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago. 大约20年前，他成了你祖父的好朋友。 4. There are sections with books about science and Chinese culture, as well as a huge section with children’s books.有关于科学和中华文化的书籍区，还有一个很大的儿童书籍区。 5. It took 10 hours to get to Nairobi from Mombasa by train.从蒙巴萨乘火车到内罗毕需要10个小时。 6. I’m very happy with the new railway built by our Chinese friends.我对中国朋友修建的这条新铁路非常满意。 7. Many changes have taken place in the town over the last few years, and the people who live here have become rich.过去几年里，镇上发生了许多变化，居住在这里的人们变得富有了。 Part2 单元语法 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 在现在完成时和一般过去时的语境中，谓语动词好像都在表述“过去的事情—过去的行为和状态”，但二者既有有机的联系，也有根本的区别。 用法 时间状语 例句 现在完成时 表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，强调的是现在的情况， 常与表示一段时间的状语连用。 常搭配“模糊时间状语”或 “延续性标志”，如：already（已经）、yet（还未）、ever（曾经）、never（从未）、for + 时间段（持续……）、since + 过去时间点（自从……） Mia has kept the paper crane box on her desk all along. She often takes it out to look at. 米娅一直把装千纸鹤的盒子放在桌上。她经常拿出来看。 一般过去时 只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生联系；可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。 常搭配明确的 “过去时间状语”， 如：last week（上周）、yesterday（昨天）、in 2023（在 2023 年）、just now（刚才） Mia folded 20 paper cranes for her best friend’s birthday last Thursday. 米娅上周四为她最好的朋友的生日折了 20 只千纸鹤。 注意：一般过去时讲“何时做了 / 是怎样”，现在完成时讲“做了有什么用 / 持续到现在”。做题时先看是否有明确的过去时间，再判断动作是否和现在有关，就能快速区分啦。 Part3 单元写作 一、写作维度 本单元的话题是“今昔变化”，与此相关的写作通常包含以下几个方面：（1）自己的变化 （2）自己身边人物/ 事物的变化 （3）家乡的变化等。 二、写作支架/模板 写“今昔变化”相关文章 引出话题，点明变化的主体 讲述变化的细节 总结对变化的感想 三、重点句子 开头段 ① Over the past few years, my hometown has gone through great changes that I never expected. ② Looking back at the life five years ago, I can clearly feel how different it is from now. ③ No one could imagine that the small village where I grew up would become so modern today. 中间段 ① Ten years ago, most people in my neighborhood rode bikes to go shopping or visit friends. ② We used to write letters to my uncle who lived in another city, and it took two weeks to get a reply. ③ There was only one small shop in our village back then, and it didn’t have many kinds of food. ④ Now, almost every family has a car, and we can also take the new bus line to the city center in 20 minutes. ⑤ We can video call my uncle every weekend now; we can see his face and talk to him anytime. ⑥ There are two big supermarkets near our community, and we can even buy fresh vegetables online. 结尾段 ① I’m really glad to see these changes, as they make our life more convenient and full of fun. ② These changes show how fast our life is developing, and I’m looking forward to a better future. ③ These small but important changes have made my life happier, and I’m grateful for the better times we have now. 四、经典例题 假设你是李鑫，下周是你小学班主任许老师的生日。你为她画了一幅画，这张画的纸是你自己做的，原材料是旧书。请你写一封电子邮件向许老师简单介绍一下这份礼物，并说说初中以来你的变化，要点如下： 1.今昔对比（外貌；性格；兴趣爱好）； 2.学习上的进步（两个学科，每个学科至少描述一个进步）。 要求： 1. 写作应包含所有要点；2. 可适当增加情节使文章内容通顺、合理；3. 词数100左右，开头和落款已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：used to do sth; make progress in; in public; connect...with... 精彩范文展示 Dear Ms. Xu, I ’m emailing you to say happy birthday to you. I miss you so much. I’ve painted a picture for you, and the paper was made by myself using old books. I hope you’ll like it. Since graduating from primary school, I’ve changed quite a lot. I used to be short and shy, but now I’ve grown taller and become more outgoing. I used to enjoy reading comic books quietly, but now I’m interested in playing basketball and joining in group activities. I’ve become more confident and made great progress in my studies. In math, I can solve complex problems and have improved my problem-solving skills. In English, I’ve become better at speaking in public and can express my ideas more clearly now. Thank you for all your support and guidance during my primary school years. Yours, Li Xin 五、实战演练 假设你是李倩，暑假期间你回老家度假，发现你的家乡发生了巨大的变化。请你用英语给你的英国朋友John 写一封电子邮件，描述你家乡的变化，并邀请John 来你的家乡做客。 要点：1. 描述家乡的变化；2. 你的感受。 注意： 1. 邮件须包含上述要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2. 邮件中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3. 词数100 左右 ( 邮件的开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数)。 Dear John, How’s it going? This summer vacation, I returned to my hometown and I was amazed by the changes. _______________________________________________________ Would you like to visit my hometown when you have a chance? I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Best wishes. Yours, Li Qian 范文参考 Dear John, How’s it going? This summer vacation, I returned to my hometown and I was amazed by the changes. Thanks to the government, our village has developed a lot. There are two beautiful parks now. When people are free, they can relax in the parks. My favorite place is a modern library, because I like spending my free time reading there. There is even a gym for people to exercise. The street is cleaner than before. People can buy almost every daily thing in the shops, so life has become much more convenient. Also, the roads are wider and better than before, and travelling has become much easier. Everyone feels happy to live here. Would you like to visit my hometown when you have a chance? I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Best wishes. Yours, Li Qian 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $