Unit8知识点-B部分练习2025-2026学年沪外教版八年级英语上册

八年级英语上册Unit8知识点-B部分练习 小试牛刀 A. 选用方框中的短语填空（每个限用一次） | spread easily | lifelong scars | a medical breakthrough | get rid of | a similar but less serious disease | 1. Smallpox __________ from person to person. 2. It left many people with ugly, __________. 3. The smallpox vaccine was __________. 4. Cowpox is __________. 5. The vaccine helped __________ smallpox all over the world. B. 句型转换（改为一般疑问句并作肯定或否定回答） 1. Edward Jenner was a country doctor from England. 一般疑问句：________________________________________________ 肯定回答：________________ 否定回答：________________ 2. Smallpox spread easily from person to person. 一般疑问句：________________________________________________ 肯定回答：________________ 否定回答：________________ 3. Jenner did an experiment to test his idea. 一般疑问句：________________________________________________ 肯定回答：________________ 否定回答：________________ 配套练习 A. 单项选择（★） 从A、B、C、D中选择最佳答案。 1. What disease did Edward Jenner study? A. The Black Death. B. Smallpox. C. Spanish Flu. D. Swine Flu. 2. How did Jenner get the idea for the vaccine? A. He read about it in a book. B. He noticed that milkmaids with cowpox didn’t get smallpox. C. He experimented on animals. D. He found a cure by accident. 3. What is cowpox compared to smallpox? A. A more serious disease. B. A similar but less serious disease. C. An unrelated disease. D. A deadlier disease. 4. How did some doctors react to Jenner’s discovery? A. They supported him immediately. B. They didn’t believe him. C. They helped him spread the vaccine. D. They ignored him. 5. What happened as a result of the smallpox vaccine? A. Smallpox became more dangerous. B. Smallpox was completely eliminated worldwide. C. Cowpox became more common. D. Doctors stopped using vaccines. B. 完成句子（★★） 根据课文内容，用正确的词汇完成句子。 1. 在18世纪，天花是一种危险且有时致命的疾病。 In the 18th century, smallpox was a __________ and sometimes __________ disease. 2. 它很容易在人与人之间传播，导致数百万人死亡。 It __________ easily from person to person, __________ millions of people. 3. 詹纳注意到，患过牛痘的挤奶女工没有感染天花。 Jenner __________ that milkmaids who had __________ cowpox didn’t __________ sick with smallpox. 4. 詹纳做了一次实验来验证他的想法。 Jenner did an __________ to test his __________. 5. 天花是人类唯一消灭的疾病。 Smallpox is the only disease that humans have __________ __________ of. 拓展思考 Part 1（描述爱德华·詹纳发现天花疫苗的过程及其重要性） 写一段话（至少5句）。说明当时天花的严重性、詹纳的观察、他的实验以及疫苗的影响。 使用以下表达：In the 18th century, smallpox was ... Jenner noticed that ... He did an experiment by ... The vaccine helped ... This was a medical breakthrough because ... __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Part 2（给同学写一段话，解释为什么疫苗对公共卫生很重要） 写一段话（至少5句）。结合天花的例子。 使用以下表达：Vaccines are very important because ... For example, smallpox ... Before the vaccine, ... After the vaccine, ... This shows that ... __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Part 3（讨论：为什么有些医生一开始不相信詹纳？这对科学发现有什么启示？） 写一段话（至少5句）。 使用以下表达：Some doctors did not believe Jenner at first because ... This teaches us that ... New ideas are often ... Over time, ... I think ... __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 参考答案与解析 小试牛刀 A 1. spread easily 2. lifelong scars 3. a medical breakthrough 4. a similar but less serious disease 5. get rid of 小试牛刀 B 1. Was Edward Jenner a country doctor from England? Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t. 2. Did smallpox spread easily from person to person? Yes, it did. / No, it didn’t. 3. Did Jenner do an experiment to test his idea? Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t. 配套练习 A 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B 配套练习 B 1. dangerous, deadly 2. spread, killing 3. noticed, caught, get 4. experiment, idea 5. gotten rid 拓展思考（示例） Part 1 In the 18th century, smallpox was a deadly disease that killed millions of people. Jenner noticed that milkmaids who had cowpox did not get smallpox. He did an experiment by giving a boy cowpox and then exposing him to smallpox. The boy did not get sick. The vaccine helped eliminate smallpox worldwide. This was a medical breakthrough because it was the first successful vaccine and saved countless lives. Part 2 Vaccines are very important because they prevent diseases from spreading. For example, smallpox used to kill millions of people every year. Before the vaccine, there was no way to stop it. After the vaccine was developed, smallpox was completely wiped out. This shows that vaccines can save millions of lives and even make a disease disappear forever. Part 3 Some doctors did not believe Jenner at first because his idea was new and different. This teaches us that new scientific discoveries are often doubted before they are accepted. New ideas can seem strange or risky at first. Over time, evidence and results prove them right. I think it is important to keep an open mind and test new ideas carefully. Jenner’s persistence helped save millions of lives. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $