Unit 5 Animal friends 人与自然：介绍动物（话题阅读精练）英语新教材译林版七年级下册

Unit 5 Animal friends 人与自然：介绍动物 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 341 一头大象的视角，回忆了过去人类猎杀大象的悲惨经历，对比了如今人类保护大象、人与自然和谐共处的美好现状，表达了对和谐世界的赞美。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 223 以一些具体的动植物在语言中的象征意义为例，介绍了中西方文化中的差异。 真题演练 Passage1 阅读填空 说明文 193 讲述了作者的加拿大观鲸之旅，介绍了鲸鱼的特点、分类以及面临的生存危机。 Passage2 完形填空 说明文 195 介绍了大象强壮聪明、且友善富有同情心，是泰国好运的象征，并讲述了非洲象数量因人类保护而回升的积极变化。 模拟演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 164 来自宠物狗护理网站，介绍了如何为宠物狗制作健康食物 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 262 讲述了作者的妹妹简害怕街上的狗，大家给出了不同建议，最后作者和朋友约翰扮成狮子成功吓走狗的故事。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 196 介绍了黑猩猩、长颈鹿、海豚三种动物不同的打招呼方式，以及它们的相关习性。 Passage4 完形填空 记叙文 294 讲述了作者带儿子汤姆去乡下祖父母家，两次目睹母鸡被狗追赶的情景，作者借此告诉儿子，母鸡的行为都是因为爱，让孩子懂得了爱的力量与守护的意义。 Passage5 短文填空 说明文 350 围绕宠物狗展开，介绍了狗作为宠物的诸多优点，比如忠诚友善、能为人类提供帮助，同时阐述了养狗需要承担的责任 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 1. 关于狗的忠诚与爱 “Love me, love my dog.”爱屋及乌。 —English Proverb（英国谚语） 2. 关于猫的生命力 “A cat has nine lives.”“猫有九条命”；吉人自有天相。 —English Proverb（英国谚语） 3. 关于“先机”的鸟哲理 “The early bird catches the worm.”“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”；勤勉奋进者先得利。 4. 关于“珍惜当下”的鸟警句 “A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.”双鸟在林，不如一鸟在手。 —English Proverb（英国谚语） 5. 关于“秘密友谊”的鸭鹅戏谑 “If it looks like a duck, swims like a duck, and quacks like a duck, then it probably is a duck.”如果它看起来像鸭子，游起来像鸭子，叫起来也像鸭子，那它可能真就是一只鸭子。 —English Idiom（英语习语） 6. 关于控制与自由的猫鼠谚 “When the cat’s away, the mice will play.”猫儿不在，老鼠自在；大王外出，小鬼跳梁。 —English Proverb（英国谚语） 7. 关于勇敢的大胆倡议 “Who will bell the cat?”谁去给猫儿系铃铛？谁来冒险挑大梁？ —Aesop’s Fables（《伊索寓言》） 8. 关于危险的浮夸警报 “To cry wolf.”谎报狼来了；危言耸听。 —Aesop’s Fables（《伊索寓言》） 9. 关于“天上星·地上暑”的天文来源 “Dog days.”三伏天；酷暑时期。 —Ancient Roman Astronomy（古罗马天文学） 10. 关于鼠目寸光的自曝短视 “The mouse that only knows one hole is quickly caught.”只知一处洞的老鼠，终将被轻易逮住。 —English Proverb（英国谚语） 11. 关于狼与驯鹿的生态平衡 “The caribou feeds the wolf, but it is the wolf that keeps the caribou strong.”驯鹿喂养了狼，但正是狼让驯鹿保持强壮。 —Indigenous Proverb（原住民谚语） 12. 关于本质难移的狐狸喻 “A fox may grow gray, but never good.”狐狸可以变成灰色，但永远成不了好东西。 —English Proverb（英国谚语） 13. 关于忘本的青蛙教训 “The frog in the well knows nothing of the great ocean.”井底之蛙，不知大海。 14. 关于独立与飞翔的家燕隐喻 “One swallow does not make a summer.”一燕不成夏。 —Aristotle / English Proverb（亚里士多德／英国谚语） 15. 关于动物处境与人类同理心 “Animals are such agreeable friends. They ask no questions, they pass no criticisms.”动物是极容易相处的朋友，它们从不提令人难堪的问题，也从不进行挑剔的批评。 —George Eliot（乔治·艾略特） 16. 关于莎士比亚笔下的牛角 “God sends a curst cow short horns.” 上帝赐给凶牛短角；暴躁之人为害有限。 —William Shakespeare（威廉·莎士比亚，Much Ado About Nothing） 17. 关于隐藏的爪子和沉默的威胁 “Beware of a silent dog and still water.”提防不吠的狗，警惕静止的水。 18. 关于懒惰与劳动的畜牧哲理 “Don’t have your cloak to make when it begins to rain.”—不将雨为沐，何需衣绸罗？莫等下雨才缝衣。 时文阅读 Passage A ①I’m now very old and near the end of my life. But I can still remember many many years ago, I lived with my mother, aunts and cousins in a wild and beautiful land. We enjoyed our time under the deep blue sky. We had more than enough to eat. We never worried about anything until one day, when I was about three. ②On that day, a group of two-legged strangers appeared in front of us—I found out later that they were humans. Without warning they raised their guns and shot dead my mother and several of my relatives. As I was about to be shot, one of them said, “Keep that little one. He’s handsome and seems smart. We can make greater use of him.” I was then trained and made to do all kinds of stupid acts to make humans laugh. ③Now, years and years later, things are changing for the better. Our population is starting to grow again. My great-great-grandsons and granddaughters are able to move freely across the land. They search for food, water and places to rest. The little ones sometimes break crops and people’s homes. But they are not chased or harmed. There are no angry humans going after them. Instead, people leave them bags of corn and fruit on the roadside. The food leads them in the right direction back to their homeland. Drones (无人机) follow their progress and volunteers protect them from harm. The little ones do not have to worry about anything. They move around without a care in the world. They eat when they are hungry and sleep when tired. They swim in the river and play when they feel like it. No one asks them to move away from their land. ④What a wonderful world this is! This is a world of harmony between man and other animals. In the old world, we were killed for our tusks (象牙). In this new world, humans respect and value all animals. 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By sharing a memory from the past. B．By describing a beautiful sight. C．By giving facts about elephant population. D．By telling a story about a young boy. 2．How did “I” feel in Paragraph 2? A．Scared and sad. B．Surprised but excited. C．Angry and careless. D．Tired but peaceful. 3．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．Elephants are still in great danger today. B．Elephants now live without any help from humans. C．People are helping elephants live safely and freely. D．Humans are angry about the damage elephants cause. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Elephant’s Sad Past B．From Pain to Peace C．Ways of Protecting Animals D．How Elephants Are Saved 长难句解析 1.原文： We never worried about anything until one day, when I was about three. 我们从不用为任何事情发愁——直到我大约三岁的那一天。 分析：结构上，主句为否定式“never worried”，搭配“until”表示“直到……才”的转折关系。英语中“not…until”结构常译为“直到……才”，但此处“never worried about anything until”更自然地处理为“从不用……发愁，直到……”。 2.原文： Without warning they raised their guns and shot dead my mother and several of my relatives.他们毫无预兆地举起枪，射杀了我的母亲和几位亲人。 分析：“Without warning”为介词短语作状语，表示动作发生的方式，译为“毫无预兆地”，简洁有力。“raised their guns and shot dead”包含两个连续动作，其中“shot dead”是“动词+形容词补足语”结构（shoot + dead），表示“开枪打死”。中文用“射杀”一词精准对应。 3.原文： I was then trained and made to do all kinds of stupid acts to make humans laugh.此后，我被训练去做出各种愚蠢的表演，只为逗人类发笑。 分析：被动结构“was trained and made to do”译为“被训练去做出”，其中“made to do”含有强制意味，与“trained”并列，整体译为“被训练去做出”已隐含强迫性。“all kinds of stupid acts”中的“acts”并非一般“动作”，而是指马戏团或表演中的“节目、表演”，译为“表演”更符合语境；“stupid”译为“愚蠢的”，保留原文自嘲和悲凉的语气。“to make humans laugh”为目的状语，译为“只为逗人类发笑”，添加“只”字增强讽刺感——大象被迫做蠢事，唯一目的就是取悦人类。 【答案与解析】 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文以一头大象的视角，回忆了过去人类猎杀大象的悲惨经历，对比了如今人类保护大象、人与自然和谐共处的美好现状，表达了对和谐世界的赞美。 1．根据第①段“I’m now very old and near the end of my life. But I can still remember many many years ago…”可知，作者以回忆过去的方式开篇。 2．第②段讲述了母亲和亲人被人类枪杀，自己也险些丧命并被迫训练表演，由此可推断“我”感到害怕又伤心。 3．根据第③段“volunteers protect them from harm”“people leave them bags of corn”等内容可知，如今人类正在帮助大象安全、自由地生活。 4．文章先写大象过去的痛苦遭遇，再写如今的和平生活，“从痛苦到和平”最能概括全文。 译文 ① 如今我已垂垂老矣，行将就木。但我仍能记得许多许多年前，我与母亲、姨妈们和表兄弟姐妹们生活在一片荒蛮而美丽的土地上。我们在深蓝的天空下享受着时光，食物丰足，从不用为任何事情发愁——直到我大约三岁的那一天。 ② 那一天，一群两条腿的陌生人出现在我们面前——我后来才知道他们是人类。他们毫无预兆地举起枪，射杀了我的母亲和几位亲人。正当我也即将被射杀时，其中一人说：“留下那个小家伙。他长得漂亮，看起来也聪明。我们可以更好地利用他。”此后，我被训练去做出各种愚蠢的表演，只为逗人类发笑。 ③ 如今，许多许多年过去了，一切都在好转。我们的种群数量又开始增长。我的曾曾孙子孙女们能够在这片土地上自由迁徙。他们寻找食物、水源和栖息之地。小家伙们有时会踩坏庄稼、闯进民居，但他们不会被追捕或伤害。没有愤怒的人类去追赶他们。相反，人们会在路边留下成袋的玉米和水果，这些食物引导着他们朝着正确的方向返回自己的家园。无人机跟踪他们的行踪，志愿者保护他们免受伤害。小家伙们不用担忧任何事情。他们无忧无虑地四处走动，饿了就吃，累了就睡。他们在河里游泳，想玩耍时就玩耍。没有人要求他们离开自己的土地。 ④ 多么美好的世界啊！这是一个人类与其他动物和谐共处的世界。在旧世界里，我们因象牙而被杀害。在这个新世界里，人类尊重并珍视所有动物。 Passage B As we know, there are differences between western culture and Chinese culture. Let's look at the words about animals and plants. Most expressions in Chinese about the dog, for example, “a homeless dog”, “a mad dog”, “a running dog” and “a dog catching a mouse”, have negative (消极的) meanings. But in western countries, people think dogs are honest and good friends of humans. In English, people use the dog to describe positive (积极的) actions. For example, "you are a lucky dog" means you are a lucky person. And “every dog has its day” means each person has good luck sometimes. To describe a person's serious illness, they say “sick as a dog”. The word “dog-tired” means very tired. However, Chinese love cats very much. But in western culture, “cat” is often used to describe a woman who is cruel. The rose is regarded as (被看作) a symbol of love in both China and some western countries. People think the rose means love, peace, courage and friendship. And the rose is the national flower of England, America and many other countries. The words about plants and animals are used in positive or negative ways in different cultures. We can learn about many differences in cultures by comparing how some words are used. 5． “You are a lucky dog” means “________”. A．Everybody in the world is lucky B．Each person lives his own way of life C．You are a lucky person D．Everybody has a time in life to be lucky 6．In English, people use ________ to describe positive actions. A．the dog B．the cat C．the rose D．the words 7．Western people usually use “cat” to refer to “________”. A．a tired person B．a brave man C．a homeless person D．an unkind woman 8．What's the best title for the passage? ________ A．Negative or Positive B．Different Countries, Different Culture C．Rose Means the Same in Chinese and English D．What Dog and Cat Mean in English and Chinese 【答案】5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B 【分析】本文以一些具体的动植物在语言中的象征意义为例，介绍了中西方文化中的差异。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“For example, ‘you are a lucky dog’ means you are a lucky person.”可知，“you are a lucky dog”意思是“你是一个幸运的人”。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段“In English, people use the dog to describe positive (积极的) actions.”可知，在英语中，人们用狗来描述积极的行为。故选A。 7．细节理解题。根据文中“But in western culture, cat is often used to describe a woman who is cruel.”可知，在西方文化中，猫经常被用来形容一个残忍的女人，unkind意为“不和善的”。故选D。 8．最佳标题题。根据短文开头“As we know, there are differences between western culture and Chinese culture.”可知，不同的国家有不同的文化，这篇短文从词汇使用的方式上给我们介绍了这种文化上的差异，选项B“不同的国家，不同的文化”最符合文章主题，故选B。 译文 众所周知，西方文化与中国文化之间存在差异。我们来看一看有关动物和植物的词语。中文里关于“狗”的大多数表达，例如“丧家犬”“疯狗”“走狗”“狗拿耗子”，都带有消极的含义。 但在西方国家，人们认为狗是诚实且对人类友好的朋友。在英语中，人们用“狗”来描述积极的行为。例如，“you are a lucky dog”意思是“你是个幸运儿”。“every dog has its day”意思是“人人皆有得意时”。在描述某人病重时，他们会说“sick as a dog”（像狗一样病恹恹的）。“dog-tired”这个词意思是“极度疲惫”。然而，中国人非常喜爱猫。但在西方文化中，“cat”（猫）常被用来形容残忍的女性。 玫瑰在中国和一些西方国家都被视为爱情的象征。人们认为玫瑰代表爱情、和平、勇气和友谊。而且，玫瑰是英国、美国以及其他许多国家的国花。 关于动植物的词语在不同文化中会以积极或消极的方式被使用。通过比较一些词语的用法，我们可以了解文化上的许多差异。 话题写作佳句积累 一、外貌描写（Appearance） ①My dog has long ears and a short tail.我的狗有长耳朵和一条短尾巴。 ②It is small and white with long hair, small eyes, and a black nose. 它身形小巧，一身白毛，长着小小的眼睛和一个黑色的鼻子。 ③Its body is very short. So it looks like a ball. 它的身体很短，所以看上去像一个毛球。 ④He has long ears, red eyes and a short tail. 它有长耳朵、红眼睛和一条短尾巴。 ⑤She has four white paws and a white and yellow tail. 它有四只白色的爪子，还有一条黄白相间的尾巴。 ⑥She has two small ears, two green eyes and eight whiskers on her face. 它有两只小耳朵、两只绿色的眼睛，脸上还有八根胡须。 ⑦She has very short fur and she is quite small. 它的毛非常短，体型也很小。 ⑧This rabbit has beautiful white fur and long ears.这只兔子有漂亮的白毛和长长的耳朵。 ⑨Her cat has soft fur and blue eyes. 她的猫有柔软的毛和蓝宝石般的眼睛。 ⑩Giraffes have long necks and spots on their bodies.长颈鹿有长长的脖子，身上有斑点。 ⑪Elephants have long trunks and big ears.大象有长长的鼻子和大大的耳朵。 ⑫A giraffe has a long neck to reach leaves on tall trees.长颈鹿有长长的脖子，能够到高树上的叶子。 二、习性爱好（Habits & Favorite Things） ①Jimmy eats fruit and vegetables every day, and his favourite food is carrots. 吉米每天吃水果和蔬菜，它最喜欢的食物是胡萝卜。 ②She likes eating fish and sleeping in the sun. 它喜欢吃鱼和晒太阳。 ③She likes to chase and catch mice. 它喜欢追捕和捉老鼠。 ④He is very quiet and seldom makes any sound.它很安静，几乎从不发出声音。 ⑤I often take him out for a walk in my free time.空闲时我常带它出去散步。 ⑥He enjoys playing on the grass.它喜欢在草地上玩耍。 ⑦She likes walking around me and playing with me. 它喜欢在我身边走来走去、和我一起玩耍。 ⑧If she is hungry, she will miaow.如果它饿了，就会喵喵叫。 ⑧Usually, she eats food from a tin, but her favorite food is fish. 它通常吃罐头食品，但最喜欢的食物是鱼。 ⑨She likes juice if it is not too cold. 它喜欢喝果汁——只要不冻牙就行。 ⑩Sometimes she plays with butterflies.有时候它会和蝴蝶玩耍。 ⑪The cat likes to run after butterflies in the garden. 这只猫喜欢在花园里追蝴蝶。 三、能力本领（Abilities） ①It is able to jump over a bar and do amazing things!它能跳过高杆，还能做许多了不起的事情！ ②It can help me carry shoes and put them away.它能帮我叼鞋子并摆放整齐。 ③My dog is the cleverest animal of all. He doesn’t just run after a ball. 我的狗是所有动物中最聪明的。它不只是追着球跑。 ④She has soft fur and loves to purr. She can jump really high into the sky. 它有柔软的毛，喜欢发出呼噜声。它能跳得非常高。 ⑤She can’t talk, but does care.它不会说话，但真心在乎我。 ⑥Elephants can pick up heavy things with their trunks and they are good swimmers. 大象能用鼻子举起重物，而且还是游泳健将。 ⑦The fox is clever and can run very fast.狐狸很聪明，奔跑速度极快。 ⑧An ant can lift things 50 times its own weight.一只蚂蚁能举起相当于自身体重50倍的东西。 ⑨Bees can make honey for humans.蜜蜂能为人类酿蜜。 ⑩Bats find their way by listening and are awake at night.蝙蝠靠听觉辨路，夜间活动。 ⑪My parrot can learn to sing simple songs.我的鹦鹉能学唱简单的歌。 ⑫Penguins can’t fly, but they can swim fast. 企鹅不会飞，但游得飞快。 四、日常互动（Daily Interaction with Owner） ①When I come home from school, he always runs after me.当我放学回到家时，它总是欢快地跟在我身后跑。 ②When it is glad, it will jump and run here and there, or hold my foot. 当它高兴的时候，就会跳来跳去，或者抱住我的脚。 ③If it is tired, it sleeps on the sofa. 如果它累了，就躺在沙发上呼呼大睡。 ④We never frighten her or pull her tail or ears. 我们从不吓唬它，也不拽它的尾巴或耳朵。 ⑤Sally often plays with balls and pieces of string.莎莉经常玩球和线团。 ⑥I’m looking after Zoe for a few days.我正在帮人照顾佐伊几天。 ⑦I will try my best to look after my pet cat.我会尽我最大努力去照顾我的宠物猫。 ⑧When I’m lonely, she’s always there.我感到孤单时，它总会在身边陪伴。 五、动物冷知识（Fun Animal Facts） ①What facts about animals do you know?你知道哪些关于动物的冷知识？ ②Butterflies taste things with their feet.蝴蝶用脚来品尝味道。 ③An ant can lift things 50 times its own weight.蚂蚁能举起相当于自身体重50倍的东西。 ④Giraffes have only seven bones in their long neck!长颈鹿的长脖子里竟然只有七块骨头！ ⑤Some snails can sleep for up to three years.有些蜗牛一觉能睡上三年。 ⑥Most snakes are harmless. They sleep through the winter. 大多数蛇是无害的，它们整个冬天都在冬眠。 ⑦The fox is clever and can run very fast. 狐狸非常聪明，跑起来快如闪电。 六、情感抒发（Feelings & Emotional Expressions） ①It is my best friend. It makes my life more and more colorful. 它是我最好的朋友，让我的生活越来越丰富多彩。 ②My dog is my very best friend, and I‘ll look after him till the end. 我的狗是我最要好的朋友，我会一直照顾它，直到永远。 ③Animals make our lives better.动物让我们的生活更美好。 ④Of all the animals, dogs are my favourite animal. 在所有动物中，狗是我最喜欢的。 ⑤I like dogs best because they are friendly and loyal.我最喜欢狗，因为它们既友好又忠诚。 ⑥When I’m lonely, she’s always there. She can’t talk, but does care. 当我郁郁寡欢时，它总会默默陪伴。它不会说话，却流淌着最深的在乎。 ⑦We have so much fun together. I think he is the best pet in the world. 我们在一起有着说不尽的欢乐。在我心中，它就是这世上最棒的宠物。 ⑧Animals are such agreeable friends. They ask no questions, they pass no criticisms. 动物是极容易相处的，它们从不提问，也从不批评。——乔治·艾略特 七、保护动物（Protecting Animals） ①Animals and humans have a special relationship, and we should respect and care for all living things. 动物与人类之间有着一种特殊的联系，我们应当尊重并关爱每一个生命。 ②Protect wildlife, protect our home. 保护野生动物，就是守护我们的家园。 ③Wildlife is human‘s friends. They can keep the balance of nature and make the whole world colorful. 野生动物是人类的朋友，它们维系着自然的平衡，也让世界变得五彩缤纷。 ④Many wild animals are facing the danger of extinction. 许多野生动物正濒临灭绝的边缘。 ⑤We should take care of animals in danger. 我们应该照顾那些濒危的动物。 ⑥Don’t buy things made of ivory!拒绝购买象牙制品！ ⑦For example, it is very difficult for pandas to have babies, and many baby pandas die when they are very young. 例如，大熊猫的繁衍极其困难，许多熊猫宝宝在幼年时就夭折了。 ⑧We should take action right away. 我们必须立刻行动起来。 ⑨If we do nothing, soon there may be none left! 如果我们袖手旁观，那么很快——它们可能就真的从这个星球上消失了！ 实战演练 真题示例 Passage1 （25-26七年级下·宁夏银川·期中） This summer, my family took a special trip to see whales in Canada. These amazing whales really surprised me because they’re so much like humans. Whales are also mammals (哺乳动物). They live in family groups too. Whales have special languages for sharing information. Some whales can send out sounds hundreds of kilometers underwater. Scientists did a study to understand these languages, but it’s hard. There are many different kinds of noises in the sea. There are two kinds of whales: those with teeth and those without teeth. People call the whales without teeth “baleen whales”. And some of the whales without teeth can be really big. For example, the blue whale can grow up to over 33m long. For years, humans’ over-hunting (过度捕杀) has put whales in great danger. Do you know why? Well most whales live in cold seas. They need a lot of body fat to stay warm. So people hunt them for their fat. This trip helped me understand why we need to save whales. Just as Mum says, “Watching them in the wild teaches us more than any book.” 1．What fact about whales made the writer feel surprised? A．Whales live in deep seas. B．Whales live alone. C．Whales have their language. D．Whales are similar to people. 2．What are “baleen whales”? A．The whales with long bodies. B．The whales without big bodies. C．The whales with big teeth. D．The whales without teeth. 3．What’s the meaning behind Mum’s words? A．纸上得来终觉浅，绝知此事要躬行。 B．书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。 C．花开堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝。 D．读书不觉已春深，一寸光阴一寸金。 4．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．How do whales use their language? B．How many kinds of whales are there? C．Why are whales in danger? D．Why do whales live in cold seas? Passage2 二、完形填空 （25-26七年级下·湖北黄冈·期中） Elephants are strong and clever. And they are also 1 . When other elephants don’t feel well, they always 2 them. Elephants are a symbol of good 3 in Thailand. People there think elephants can 4 them good luck. Here is some information about elephants. In the past, many elephants were in 5 because people killed them for their 6 . Elephants also lost their homes because people took away their land and 7 to build more villages and farms. 8 , the number of African elephants is going up now because people have worked hard to 9 elephants since 1995. The best way to help elephants is to make 10 places. These places keep elephants away from people. Dr Robert Guldemond 11 on a study about this. He says, “For a long time, we have heard bad news about 12 elephants. But now, good work is 13 things.” People make corridors (走廊) for elephants. Why? 14 corridors help them move between places freely. This helps elephants find food and water without meeting humans. By making safe homes and 15 killing, the number of African elephants is going up. What good news! 1．A．strong B．friendly C．scary D．playful 2．A．look after B．cut down C．pick up D．talk about 3．A．culture B．care C．luck D．language 4．A．take B．carry C．paint D．bring 5．A．danger B．sound C．surprise D．magic 6．A．reason B．ivory C．mind D．nature 7．A．life B．forests C．houses D．family 8．A．Also B．Quite C．However D．Only 9．A．rise B．remember C．save D．notice 10．A．safe B．modern C．same D．different 11．A．spends B．marks C．laughs D．works 12．A．killing B．preparing C．sending D．discovering 13．A．falling B．leaving C．finishing D．changing 14．A．So B．Because C．And D．While 15．A．stopping B．collecting C．greeting D．blowing 模拟演练 Passage 1 http: // www. petdogcare. com How to make healthy food for your pet dogMany dog lovers make food for their dogs. If you only make a homemade healthy meal sometimes, don’t be too worried. However, if you plan to make food for a long time, you’ll need to be careful. Don’t give the following food to your dogs. Some food can be bad or even dangerous to dogs: ×Onion and garlic (大蒜). ×Grapes (葡萄) and nuts (坚果). ×Chocolate. Give your dogs more meat. Meat should take the biggest (最大的) part of your dogs’ meal. Because it gives much energy to dogs. However, meat should not be more than 50% of the meal. Give your dogs some fish. Fish for your dogs is like milk for your children. It is good for healthy hair and strong bones (骨骼). You can give your dogs a fish meal twice a week. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Which of the following shouldn’t be dogs’ food? A．Grapes. B．Pork. C．Fish. D．Beef. 2．How many ideas does the writer give us? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．Why should we give more meat to dogs? A．An animal doctor tells us to do that. B．It is good for dogs’ bones. C．Meat can make dogs’ eyes better. D．Dogs need much energy. 4．You visit Tina’s house and find dogs’ hair everywhere. After reading the text, what will you say to help her? A．You’d better wash the dogs more often. B．Why not give some fish to the dogs? C．Feed the dogs more chicken for the meal. D．Taking the dogs for a walk is a good choice. 5．From the text, which is a better meal for dogs? A． B． C． D． Passage 2 There’s a dog down our street. My sister Jane is scared of it. She hides behind me when we walk past the dog. She’s even scared when we walk past with Mom. When the dog barks (犬吠) at her, she cries and runs away. Mom says it can’t jump over the fence but Jane’s scared. I say it can’t get out under the gate, but she’s still scared. “I hate that dog,” she says. Dad says to ignore it and to tell herself there’s nothing there. Mom says to look the dog in the eye and keep on walking. Cindy, who lives next to our house, says to walk on the other side of the road, but we can’t cross the street by ourselves. “What can we do?” I say to my friend John. We are painting the lion for our New Year dance. He puts the lion’s head on and roars (咆哮). “We can scare the dog,” he says. We practice at our place. Dad is so scared that he backs off and nearly falls. Mom jumps and knocks her head on the door. Cindy nearly falls off her bike. We go to the dog’s house, John in front, then Jane and then me. We plan to stand on our side of the gate and to roar so loudly that the dog will be scared. John stops in front of the dog. Before he roars, the dog sees the lion’s head and goes inside the house. We all have a good laugh about the dog. 1．What does the underlined word “ignore” mean in Chinese? A．袭击 B．忽视 C．跟随 D．训练 2．What is Cindy’s advice? A．Shouting at the dog. B．Looking the dog in the eye. C．Keeping on walking past the dog. D．Using the other side of the street. 3．What does John do at the writer’s home? A．He tries out the lion’s head. B．He practices the lion dance. C．He paints a picture. D．He puts on a play. 4．How does the writer feel when seeing the dog get into the house? A． B． C． D． 5．What is the best title for the text? A．We Save the Dog B．We Laugh at the Dog C．We Love the Lion’s Head D．We Scare the Dog Away Passage 3 How do you greet your friends? People from different cultures have different answers: shaking hands, nodding, bowing (鞠躬), and kissing on the face. But do you know how animals “say hello” to each other? Here are some examples. Everyone knows how similar chimpanzees (黑猩猩) are to humans. So the most usual ways of greeting between chimpanzees are handshaking and hugging (拥抱). Sometimes they also kiss each other. Some chimpanzees can even learn easy sign language. Giraffes hardly ever make loud sounds. Their necks can grow to two meters. When two giraffes meet, they may “shake” their necks and rub (摩擦) them against each other. This is to feel how strong and tall the other is. Dolphins greet one another with whistles (哨声). They can hear other dolphins from many kilometers away. Every dolphin has a different whistle. When two groups of dolphins meet, they each choose a member to “talk” to the other group. Then they can travel together. Unlike most of the other animals, dolphins are ________ enough to learn a new language by making and copying new sounds. 1．How do chimpanzees usually greet each other? A．By nodding and bowing. B．By kissing on the face. C．By handshaking and hugging. D．By using easy sign language. 2．Why do giraffes rub their necks when they meet? A．To reach taller trees. B．To make loud sounds. C．To know about each other. D．To talk with each other. 3．Which word can we put in the “________”? A．smart B．friendly C．playful D．shy 4．What can we know from the text? A．Giraffes are about two meters tall. B．Dolphins can hear each other from far away. C．Most animals have the ability to learn a new language. D．Shaking hands is giraffes’ main way to greet each other. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Some special abilities of smart animals in nature. B．How different animals greet one another. C．Why animals are smart and friendly. D．How animals communicate with humans. Passage 4 二、完形填空 Last month, I took my son Tom to see his grandparents in the countryside. His grandpa took him out to the yard to play and Tom was interested in 1 . At lunch, Tom told me, “Dad, I saw a hen flying.” “Impossible!” I said without thinking. “How can a hen fly?” “Dad, a dog ran 2 the hen in the yard. The hen had to 3 in a corner. When the hen saw no other way out, she suddenly flapped (拍打) her wings and flew up to the roof (房顶). The hen escaped (逃走). Dad, I didn’t know the hen could fly. How can 4 fly?” my child asked. I thought for a minute and said. “Maybe because of love. The hen loves her own life and that helps her fly!” Tom nodded. He seemed to understand. Last weekend, we visited Tom’s 5 again. This time I heard Tom shouting from the yard. “Dad! The dog is chasing the hen again! Come and see!” I ran out of the house. The dog was running after a group of chicks, followed closely by the hen. Then the hen 6 stopped and turned around—she raised up her wings and clucked (咯咯叫) at the dog. I ran over and got between the dog and the hen, 7 at the dog to drive it away. “Dad, 8 didn’t the hen fly away? She knows she can’t fight the dog,” Tom asked. I thought for a minute and said, “Maybe because of 9 . It is true that she might get hurt, 10 she loves her babies more than anything in the world.” Tom thought for a long time and nodded. He seemed to understand. 1．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 2．A．for B．after C．out D．inside 3．A．run B．stop C．fly D．wait 4．A．it B．he C．she D．they 5．A．friends B．cousins C．grandparents D．classmates 6．A．politely B．happily C．slowly D．suddenly 7．A．looking B．laughing C．smiling D．shouting 8．A．why B．how C．when D．where 9．A．danger B．trouble C．luck D．love 10．A．and B．because C．if D．but Passage 5 三、短文填空 Many people like to keep pets. Pets can bring us joy and c 1 . They can also help us reduce stress and feel less lonely. Among all the pets, dogs are one of the most popular choices.    Dogs are known for their loyalty and f 2 . They can be our good friends and bodyguards. Some dogs are trained to help people with special needs. They learn quickly and f 3 their owners’ orders well. For example, guide dogs can help blind people walk safely. Police dogs can help catch criminals. Therapy dogs can help cheer up sick people in hospitals.     Keeping a dog requires responsibility. We need to feed them regularly, take them for walks and give them enough care and attention. We also need to t 4 them to be good. Besides, we should clean their living places to keep them h 5 . A well-trained and healthy dog is more welcome everywhere.     If you are thinking about getting a dog, you should consider your living conditions and time. You should choose a dog that fits your lifestyle. For example, if you live in a small apartment, a small dog may be a better choice. If you have much free time, you can choose a dog that needs more exercise. These active dogs will feel unhappy if they s 6 inside all day.     Dogs are amazing animals. They can bring so much happiness to our lives and teach us to put others’ needs before our o 7 . But we must remember that keeping a pet is a long-term commitment (承诺). We should love and care for our dogs for their whole lives—even when they are s 8 or old. In r 9 , they will give us their unconditional (无条件的) love and loyalty.     So, if you are ready to take on the responsibility, a dog may be the perfect pet for you. And let’s not forget that all animals deserve (值得) our kindness and r 10 . We should treat them with care and respect. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Animal friends 人与自然：介绍动物 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 341 一头大象的视角，回忆了过去人类猎杀大象的悲惨经历，对比了如今人类保护大象、人与自然和谐共处的美好现状，表达了对和谐世界的赞美。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 223 以一些具体的动植物在语言中的象征意义为例，介绍了中西方文化中的差异。 真题演练 Passage1 阅读填空 说明文 193 讲述了作者的加拿大观鲸之旅，介绍了鲸鱼的特点、分类以及面临的生存危机。 Passage2 完形填空 说明文 195 介绍了大象强壮聪明、且友善富有同情心，是泰国好运的象征，并讲述了非洲象数量因人类保护而回升的积极变化。 模拟演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 164 来自宠物狗护理网站，介绍了如何为宠物狗制作健康食物 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 262 讲述了作者的妹妹简害怕街上的狗，大家给出了不同建议，最后作者和朋友约翰扮成狮子成功吓走狗的故事。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 196 介绍了黑猩猩、长颈鹿、海豚三种动物不同的打招呼方式，以及它们的相关习性。 Passage4 完形填空 记叙文 294 讲述了作者带儿子汤姆去乡下祖父母家，两次目睹母鸡被狗追赶的情景，作者借此告诉儿子，母鸡的行为都是因为爱，让孩子懂得了爱的力量与守护的意义。 Passage5 短文填空 说明文 350 围绕宠物狗展开，介绍了狗作为宠物的诸多优点，比如忠诚友善、能为人类提供帮助，同时阐述了养狗需要承担的责任 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 1. 关于狗的忠诚与爱 “Love me, love my dog.”爱屋及乌。 —English Proverb（英国谚语） 2. 关于猫的生命力 “A cat has nine lives.”“猫有九条命”；吉人自有天相。 —English Proverb（英国谚语） 3. 关于“先机”的鸟哲理 “The early bird catches the worm.”“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”；勤勉奋进者先得利。 4. 关于“珍惜当下”的鸟警句 “A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.”双鸟在林，不如一鸟在手。 —English Proverb（英国谚语） 5. 关于“秘密友谊”的鸭鹅戏谑 “If it looks like a duck, swims like a duck, and quacks like a duck, then it probably is a duck.”如果它看起来像鸭子，游起来像鸭子，叫起来也像鸭子，那它可能真就是一只鸭子。 —English Idiom（英语习语） 6. 关于控制与自由的猫鼠谚 “When the cat’s away, the mice will play.”猫儿不在，老鼠自在；大王外出，小鬼跳梁。 —English Proverb（英国谚语） 7. 关于勇敢的大胆倡议 “Who will bell the cat?”谁去给猫儿系铃铛？谁来冒险挑大梁？ —Aesop’s Fables（《伊索寓言》） 8. 关于危险的浮夸警报 “To cry wolf.”谎报狼来了；危言耸听。 —Aesop’s Fables（《伊索寓言》） 9. 关于“天上星·地上暑”的天文来源 “Dog days.”三伏天；酷暑时期。 —Ancient Roman Astronomy（古罗马天文学） 10. 关于鼠目寸光的自曝短视 “The mouse that only knows one hole is quickly caught.”只知一处洞的老鼠，终将被轻易逮住。 —English Proverb（英国谚语） 11. 关于狼与驯鹿的生态平衡 “The caribou feeds the wolf, but it is the wolf that keeps the caribou strong.”驯鹿喂养了狼，但正是狼让驯鹿保持强壮。 —Indigenous Proverb（原住民谚语） 12. 关于本质难移的狐狸喻 “A fox may grow gray, but never good.”狐狸可以变成灰色，但永远成不了好东西。 —English Proverb（英国谚语） 13. 关于忘本的青蛙教训 “The frog in the well knows nothing of the great ocean.”井底之蛙，不知大海。 14. 关于独立与飞翔的家燕隐喻 “One swallow does not make a summer.”一燕不成夏。 —Aristotle / English Proverb（亚里士多德／英国谚语） 15. 关于动物处境与人类同理心 “Animals are such agreeable friends. They ask no questions, they pass no criticisms.”动物是极容易相处的朋友，它们从不提令人难堪的问题，也从不进行挑剔的批评。 —George Eliot（乔治·艾略特） 16. 关于莎士比亚笔下的牛角 “God sends a curst cow short horns.” 上帝赐给凶牛短角；暴躁之人为害有限。 —William Shakespeare（威廉·莎士比亚，Much Ado About Nothing） 17. 关于隐藏的爪子和沉默的威胁 “Beware of a silent dog and still water.”提防不吠的狗，警惕静止的水。 18. 关于懒惰与劳动的畜牧哲理 “Don’t have your cloak to make when it begins to rain.”—不将雨为沐，何需衣绸罗？莫等下雨才缝衣。 时文阅读 Passage A ①I’m now very old and near the end of my life. But I can still remember many many years ago, I lived with my mother, aunts and cousins in a wild and beautiful land. We enjoyed our time under the deep blue sky. We had more than enough to eat. We never worried about anything until one day, when I was about three. ②On that day, a group of two-legged strangers appeared in front of us—I found out later that they were humans. Without warning they raised their guns and shot dead my mother and several of my relatives. As I was about to be shot, one of them said, “Keep that little one. He’s handsome and seems smart. We can make greater use of him.” I was then trained and made to do all kinds of stupid acts to make humans laugh. ③Now, years and years later, things are changing for the better. Our population is starting to grow again. My great-great-grandsons and granddaughters are able to move freely across the land. They search for food, water and places to rest. The little ones sometimes break crops and people’s homes. But they are not chased or harmed. There are no angry humans going after them. Instead, people leave them bags of corn and fruit on the roadside. The food leads them in the right direction back to their homeland. Drones (无人机) follow their progress and volunteers protect them from harm. The little ones do not have to worry about anything. They move around without a care in the world. They eat when they are hungry and sleep when tired. They swim in the river and play when they feel like it. No one asks them to move away from their land. ④What a wonderful world this is! This is a world of harmony between man and other animals. In the old world, we were killed for our tusks (象牙). In this new world, humans respect and value all animals. 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By sharing a memory from the past. B．By describing a beautiful sight. C．By giving facts about elephant population. D．By telling a story about a young boy. 2．How did “I” feel in Paragraph 2? A．Scared and sad. B．Surprised but excited. C．Angry and careless. D．Tired but peaceful. 3．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．Elephants are still in great danger today. B．Elephants now live without any help from humans. C．People are helping elephants live safely and freely. D．Humans are angry about the damage elephants cause. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Elephant’s Sad Past B．From Pain to Peace C．Ways of Protecting Animals D．How Elephants Are Saved 长难句解析 1.原文： We never worried about anything until one day, when I was about three. 我们从不用为任何事情发愁——直到我大约三岁的那一天。 分析：结构上，主句为否定式“never worried”，搭配“until”表示“直到……才”的转折关系。英语中“not…until”结构常译为“直到……才”，但此处“never worried about anything until”更自然地处理为“从不用……发愁，直到……”。 2.原文： Without warning they raised their guns and shot dead my mother and several of my relatives.他们毫无预兆地举起枪，射杀了我的母亲和几位亲人。 分析：“Without warning”为介词短语作状语，表示动作发生的方式，译为“毫无预兆地”，简洁有力。“raised their guns and shot dead”包含两个连续动作，其中“shot dead”是“动词+形容词补足语”结构（shoot + dead），表示“开枪打死”。中文用“射杀”一词精准对应。 3.原文： I was then trained and made to do all kinds of stupid acts to make humans laugh.此后，我被训练去做出各种愚蠢的表演，只为逗人类发笑。 分析：被动结构“was trained and made to do”译为“被训练去做出”，其中“made to do”含有强制意味，与“trained”并列，整体译为“被训练去做出”已隐含强迫性。“all kinds of stupid acts”中的“acts”并非一般“动作”，而是指马戏团或表演中的“节目、表演”，译为“表演”更符合语境；“stupid”译为“愚蠢的”，保留原文自嘲和悲凉的语气。“to make humans laugh”为目的状语，译为“只为逗人类发笑”，添加“只”字增强讽刺感——大象被迫做蠢事，唯一目的就是取悦人类。 【答案与解析】 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文以一头大象的视角，回忆了过去人类猎杀大象的悲惨经历，对比了如今人类保护大象、人与自然和谐共处的美好现状，表达了对和谐世界的赞美。 1．根据第①段“I’m now very old and near the end of my life. But I can still remember many many years ago…”可知，作者以回忆过去的方式开篇。 2．第②段讲述了母亲和亲人被人类枪杀，自己也险些丧命并被迫训练表演，由此可推断“我”感到害怕又伤心。 3．根据第③段“volunteers protect them from harm”“people leave them bags of corn”等内容可知，如今人类正在帮助大象安全、自由地生活。 4．文章先写大象过去的痛苦遭遇，再写如今的和平生活，“从痛苦到和平”最能概括全文。 译文 ① 如今我已垂垂老矣，行将就木。但我仍能记得许多许多年前，我与母亲、姨妈们和表兄弟姐妹们生活在一片荒蛮而美丽的土地上。我们在深蓝的天空下享受着时光，食物丰足，从不用为任何事情发愁——直到我大约三岁的那一天。 ② 那一天，一群两条腿的陌生人出现在我们面前——我后来才知道他们是人类。他们毫无预兆地举起枪，射杀了我的母亲和几位亲人。正当我也即将被射杀时，其中一人说：“留下那个小家伙。他长得漂亮，看起来也聪明。我们可以更好地利用他。”此后，我被训练去做出各种愚蠢的表演，只为逗人类发笑。 ③ 如今，许多许多年过去了，一切都在好转。我们的种群数量又开始增长。我的曾曾孙子孙女们能够在这片土地上自由迁徙。他们寻找食物、水源和栖息之地。小家伙们有时会踩坏庄稼、闯进民居，但他们不会被追捕或伤害。没有愤怒的人类去追赶他们。相反，人们会在路边留下成袋的玉米和水果，这些食物引导着他们朝着正确的方向返回自己的家园。无人机跟踪他们的行踪，志愿者保护他们免受伤害。小家伙们不用担忧任何事情。他们无忧无虑地四处走动，饿了就吃，累了就睡。他们在河里游泳，想玩耍时就玩耍。没有人要求他们离开自己的土地。 ④ 多么美好的世界啊！这是一个人类与其他动物和谐共处的世界。在旧世界里，我们因象牙而被杀害。在这个新世界里，人类尊重并珍视所有动物。 Passage B As we know, there are differences between western culture and Chinese culture. Let's look at the words about animals and plants. Most expressions in Chinese about the dog, for example, “a homeless dog”, “a mad dog”, “a running dog” and “a dog catching a mouse”, have negative (消极的) meanings. But in western countries, people think dogs are honest and good friends of humans. In English, people use the dog to describe positive (积极的) actions. For example, "you are a lucky dog" means you are a lucky person. And “every dog has its day” means each person has good luck sometimes. To describe a person's serious illness, they say “sick as a dog”. The word “dog-tired” means very tired. However, Chinese love cats very much. But in western culture, “cat” is often used to describe a woman who is cruel. The rose is regarded as (被看作) a symbol of love in both China and some western countries. People think the rose means love, peace, courage and friendship. And the rose is the national flower of England, America and many other countries. The words about plants and animals are used in positive or negative ways in different cultures. We can learn about many differences in cultures by comparing how some words are used. 5． “You are a lucky dog” means “________”. A．Everybody in the world is lucky B．Each person lives his own way of life C．You are a lucky person D．Everybody has a time in life to be lucky 6．In English, people use ________ to describe positive actions. A．the dog B．the cat C．the rose D．the words 7．Western people usually use “cat” to refer to “________”. A．a tired person B．a brave man C．a homeless person D．an unkind woman 8．What's the best title for the passage? ________ A．Negative or Positive B．Different Countries, Different Culture C．Rose Means the Same in Chinese and English D．What Dog and Cat Mean in English and Chinese 【答案】5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B 【分析】本文以一些具体的动植物在语言中的象征意义为例，介绍了中西方文化中的差异。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“For example, ‘you are a lucky dog’ means you are a lucky person.”可知，“you are a lucky dog”意思是“你是一个幸运的人”。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段“In English, people use the dog to describe positive (积极的) actions.”可知，在英语中，人们用狗来描述积极的行为。故选A。 7．细节理解题。根据文中“But in western culture, cat is often used to describe a woman who is cruel.”可知，在西方文化中，猫经常被用来形容一个残忍的女人，unkind意为“不和善的”。故选D。 8．最佳标题题。根据短文开头“As we know, there are differences between western culture and Chinese culture.”可知，不同的国家有不同的文化，这篇短文从词汇使用的方式上给我们介绍了这种文化上的差异，选项B“不同的国家，不同的文化”最符合文章主题，故选B。 译文 众所周知，西方文化与中国文化之间存在差异。我们来看一看有关动物和植物的词语。中文里关于“狗”的大多数表达，例如“丧家犬”“疯狗”“走狗”“狗拿耗子”，都带有消极的含义。 但在西方国家，人们认为狗是诚实且对人类友好的朋友。在英语中，人们用“狗”来描述积极的行为。例如，“you are a lucky dog”意思是“你是个幸运儿”。“every dog has its day”意思是“人人皆有得意时”。在描述某人病重时，他们会说“sick as a dog”（像狗一样病恹恹的）。“dog-tired”这个词意思是“极度疲惫”。然而，中国人非常喜爱猫。但在西方文化中，“cat”（猫）常被用来形容残忍的女性。 玫瑰在中国和一些西方国家都被视为爱情的象征。人们认为玫瑰代表爱情、和平、勇气和友谊。而且，玫瑰是英国、美国以及其他许多国家的国花。 关于动植物的词语在不同文化中会以积极或消极的方式被使用。通过比较一些词语的用法，我们可以了解文化上的许多差异。 话题写作佳句积累 一、外貌描写（Appearance） ①My dog has long ears and a short tail.我的狗有长耳朵和一条短尾巴。 ②It is small and white with long hair, small eyes, and a black nose. 它身形小巧，一身白毛，长着小小的眼睛和一个黑色的鼻子。 ③Its body is very short. So it looks like a ball. 它的身体很短，所以看上去像一个毛球。 ④He has long ears, red eyes and a short tail. 它有长耳朵、红眼睛和一条短尾巴。 ⑤She has four white paws and a white and yellow tail. 它有四只白色的爪子，还有一条黄白相间的尾巴。 ⑥She has two small ears, two green eyes and eight whiskers on her face. 它有两只小耳朵、两只绿色的眼睛，脸上还有八根胡须。 ⑦She has very short fur and she is quite small. 它的毛非常短，体型也很小。 ⑧This rabbit has beautiful white fur and long ears.这只兔子有漂亮的白毛和长长的耳朵。 ⑨Her cat has soft fur and blue eyes. 她的猫有柔软的毛和蓝宝石般的眼睛。 ⑩Giraffes have long necks and spots on their bodies.长颈鹿有长长的脖子，身上有斑点。 ⑪Elephants have long trunks and big ears.大象有长长的鼻子和大大的耳朵。 ⑫A giraffe has a long neck to reach leaves on tall trees.长颈鹿有长长的脖子，能够到高树上的叶子。 二、习性爱好（Habits & Favorite Things） ①Jimmy eats fruit and vegetables every day, and his favourite food is carrots. 吉米每天吃水果和蔬菜，它最喜欢的食物是胡萝卜。 ②She likes eating fish and sleeping in the sun. 它喜欢吃鱼和晒太阳。 ③She likes to chase and catch mice. 它喜欢追捕和捉老鼠。 ④He is very quiet and seldom makes any sound.它很安静，几乎从不发出声音。 ⑤I often take him out for a walk in my free time.空闲时我常带它出去散步。 ⑥He enjoys playing on the grass.它喜欢在草地上玩耍。 ⑦She likes walking around me and playing with me. 它喜欢在我身边走来走去、和我一起玩耍。 ⑧If she is hungry, she will miaow.如果它饿了，就会喵喵叫。 ⑧Usually, she eats food from a tin, but her favorite food is fish. 它通常吃罐头食品，但最喜欢的食物是鱼。 ⑨She likes juice if it is not too cold. 它喜欢喝果汁——只要不冻牙就行。 ⑩Sometimes she plays with butterflies.有时候它会和蝴蝶玩耍。 ⑪The cat likes to run after butterflies in the garden. 这只猫喜欢在花园里追蝴蝶。 三、能力本领（Abilities） ①It is able to jump over a bar and do amazing things!它能跳过高杆，还能做许多了不起的事情！ ②It can help me carry shoes and put them away.它能帮我叼鞋子并摆放整齐。 ③My dog is the cleverest animal of all. He doesn’t just run after a ball. 我的狗是所有动物中最聪明的。它不只是追着球跑。 ④She has soft fur and loves to purr. She can jump really high into the sky. 它有柔软的毛，喜欢发出呼噜声。它能跳得非常高。 ⑤She can’t talk, but does care.它不会说话，但真心在乎我。 ⑥Elephants can pick up heavy things with their trunks and they are good swimmers. 大象能用鼻子举起重物，而且还是游泳健将。 ⑦The fox is clever and can run very fast.狐狸很聪明，奔跑速度极快。 ⑧An ant can lift things 50 times its own weight.一只蚂蚁能举起相当于自身体重50倍的东西。 ⑨Bees can make honey for humans.蜜蜂能为人类酿蜜。 ⑩Bats find their way by listening and are awake at night.蝙蝠靠听觉辨路，夜间活动。 ⑪My parrot can learn to sing simple songs.我的鹦鹉能学唱简单的歌。 ⑫Penguins can’t fly, but they can swim fast. 企鹅不会飞，但游得飞快。 四、日常互动（Daily Interaction with Owner） ①When I come home from school, he always runs after me.当我放学回到家时，它总是欢快地跟在我身后跑。 ②When it is glad, it will jump and run here and there, or hold my foot. 当它高兴的时候，就会跳来跳去，或者抱住我的脚。 ③If it is tired, it sleeps on the sofa. 如果它累了，就躺在沙发上呼呼大睡。 ④We never frighten her or pull her tail or ears. 我们从不吓唬它，也不拽它的尾巴或耳朵。 ⑤Sally often plays with balls and pieces of string.莎莉经常玩球和线团。 ⑥I’m looking after Zoe for a few days.我正在帮人照顾佐伊几天。 ⑦I will try my best to look after my pet cat.我会尽我最大努力去照顾我的宠物猫。 ⑧When I’m lonely, she’s always there.我感到孤单时，它总会在身边陪伴。 五、动物冷知识（Fun Animal Facts） ①What facts about animals do you know?你知道哪些关于动物的冷知识？ ②Butterflies taste things with their feet.蝴蝶用脚来品尝味道。 ③An ant can lift things 50 times its own weight.蚂蚁能举起相当于自身体重50倍的东西。 ④Giraffes have only seven bones in their long neck!长颈鹿的长脖子里竟然只有七块骨头！ ⑤Some snails can sleep for up to three years.有些蜗牛一觉能睡上三年。 ⑥Most snakes are harmless. They sleep through the winter. 大多数蛇是无害的，它们整个冬天都在冬眠。 ⑦The fox is clever and can run very fast. 狐狸非常聪明，跑起来快如闪电。 六、情感抒发（Feelings & Emotional Expressions） ①It is my best friend. It makes my life more and more colorful. 它是我最好的朋友，让我的生活越来越丰富多彩。 ②My dog is my very best friend, and I‘ll look after him till the end. 我的狗是我最要好的朋友，我会一直照顾它，直到永远。 ③Animals make our lives better.动物让我们的生活更美好。 ④Of all the animals, dogs are my favourite animal. 在所有动物中，狗是我最喜欢的。 ⑤I like dogs best because they are friendly and loyal.我最喜欢狗，因为它们既友好又忠诚。 ⑥When I’m lonely, she’s always there. She can’t talk, but does care. 当我郁郁寡欢时，它总会默默陪伴。它不会说话，却流淌着最深的在乎。 ⑦We have so much fun together. I think he is the best pet in the world. 我们在一起有着说不尽的欢乐。在我心中，它就是这世上最棒的宠物。 ⑧Animals are such agreeable friends. They ask no questions, they pass no criticisms. 动物是极容易相处的，它们从不提问，也从不批评。——乔治·艾略特 七、保护动物（Protecting Animals） ①Animals and humans have a special relationship, and we should respect and care for all living things. 动物与人类之间有着一种特殊的联系，我们应当尊重并关爱每一个生命。 ②Protect wildlife, protect our home. 保护野生动物，就是守护我们的家园。 ③Wildlife is human‘s friends. They can keep the balance of nature and make the whole world colorful. 野生动物是人类的朋友，它们维系着自然的平衡，也让世界变得五彩缤纷。 ④Many wild animals are facing the danger of extinction. 许多野生动物正濒临灭绝的边缘。 ⑤We should take care of animals in danger. 我们应该照顾那些濒危的动物。 ⑥Don’t buy things made of ivory!拒绝购买象牙制品！ ⑦For example, it is very difficult for pandas to have babies, and many baby pandas die when they are very young. 例如，大熊猫的繁衍极其困难，许多熊猫宝宝在幼年时就夭折了。 ⑧We should take action right away. 我们必须立刻行动起来。 ⑨If we do nothing, soon there may be none left! 如果我们袖手旁观，那么很快——它们可能就真的从这个星球上消失了！ 实战演练 真题示例 Passage1 （25-26七年级下·宁夏银川·期中） This summer, my family took a special trip to see whales in Canada. These amazing whales really surprised me because they’re so much like humans. Whales are also mammals (哺乳动物). They live in family groups too. Whales have special languages for sharing information. Some whales can send out sounds hundreds of kilometers underwater. Scientists did a study to understand these languages, but it’s hard. There are many different kinds of noises in the sea. There are two kinds of whales: those with teeth and those without teeth. People call the whales without teeth “baleen whales”. And some of the whales without teeth can be really big. For example, the blue whale can grow up to over 33m long. For years, humans’ over-hunting (过度捕杀) has put whales in great danger. Do you know why? Well most whales live in cold seas. They need a lot of body fat to stay warm. So people hunt them for their fat. This trip helped me understand why we need to save whales. Just as Mum says, “Watching them in the wild teaches us more than any book.” 1．What fact about whales made the writer feel surprised? A．Whales live in deep seas. B．Whales live alone. C．Whales have their language. D．Whales are similar to people. 2．What are “baleen whales”? A．The whales with long bodies. B．The whales without big bodies. C．The whales with big teeth. D．The whales without teeth. 3．What’s the meaning behind Mum’s words? A．纸上得来终觉浅，绝知此事要躬行。 B．书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。 C．花开堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝。 D．读书不觉已春深，一寸光阴一寸金。 4．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．How do whales use their language? B．How many kinds of whales are there? C．Why are whales in danger? D．Why do whales live in cold seas? 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者的加拿大观鲸之旅，介绍了鲸鱼的特点、分类以及面临的生存危机。 1．第二段“These amazing whales really surprised me because they’re so much like humans.”让作者感到惊讶的是鲸鱼和人类很相似。 2．第四段“People call the whales without teeth ‘baleen whales’.”“baleen whales”指的是没有牙齿的鲸鱼。 3．最后一段“‘Watching them in the wild teaches us more than any book.’”这句话的意思是“在野外观察它们比任何书本都更能教会我们东西”，对应诗句“纸上得来终觉浅，绝知此事要躬行”。 4．第5段“For years, humans’ over-hunting has put whales in great danger. Do you know why? Well most whales live in cold seas. They need a lot of body fat to stay warm. So people hunt them for their fat.”本段主要解释了鲸鱼面临危险的原因——人类过度捕杀获取脂肪。 Passage2 二、完形填空 （25-26七年级下·湖北黄冈·期中） Elephants are strong and clever. And they are also 1 . When other elephants don’t feel well, they always 2 them. Elephants are a symbol of good 3 in Thailand. People there think elephants can 4 them good luck. Here is some information about elephants. In the past, many elephants were in 5 because people killed them for their 6 . Elephants also lost their homes because people took away their land and 7 to build more villages and farms. 8 , the number of African elephants is going up now because people have worked hard to 9 elephants since 1995. The best way to help elephants is to make 10 places. These places keep elephants away from people. Dr Robert Guldemond 11 on a study about this. He says, “For a long time, we have heard bad news about 12 elephants. But now, good work is 13 things.” People make corridors (走廊) for elephants. Why? 14 corridors help them move between places freely. This helps elephants find food and water without meeting humans. By making safe homes and 15 killing, the number of African elephants is going up. What good news! 1．A．strong B．friendly C．scary D．playful 2．A．look after B．cut down C．pick up D．talk about 3．A．culture B．care C．luck D．language 4．A．take B．carry C．paint D．bring 5．A．danger B．sound C．surprise D．magic 6．A．reason B．ivory C．mind D．nature 7．A．life B．forests C．houses D．family 8．A．Also B．Quite C．However D．Only 9．A．rise B．remember C．save D．notice 10．A．safe B．modern C．same D．different 11．A．spends B．marks C．laughs D．works 12．A．killing B．preparing C．sending D．discovering 13．A．falling B．leaving C．finishing D．changing 14．A．So B．Because C．And D．While 15．A．stopping B．collecting C．greeting D．blowing 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．A 11．D 12．A 13．D 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文介绍了大象强壮聪明、且友善富有同情心，是泰国好运的象征，并讲述了非洲象数量因人类保护而回升的积极变化。 1．句意：它们也很友善。 根据下文“When other elephants don’t feel well, they always ... them.”可知，其他大象不舒服时它们会照顾对方，说明大象很友善。friendly“友善的”符合语境。strong“强壮的”、scary“吓人的”、playful“爱玩耍的”均不符合。 2．句意：当其他大象不舒服时，它们总是照顾它们。 根据上文大象很友善可知，此处指照顾不舒服的同伴。look after“照顾”符合语境。cut down“砍倒”、pick up“捡起”、talk about“谈论”均不符合。 3．句意：大象在泰国是好运的象征。 根据下文“People there think elephants can ... them good luck.”可知，人们认为大象能带来好运，因此大象是好运的象征。luck“运气”符合语境。culture“文化”、care“关心”、language“语言”均不符合。 4．句意：那里的人们认为大象能给他们带来好运。 固定搭配bring sb. good luck意为“给某人带来好运”。bring“带来”符合语境。take“拿走”、carry“搬运”、paint“绘画”均不符合。 5．句意：过去，许多大象处于危险之中，因为人们为了象牙而杀死它们。 固定搭配in danger意为“处于危险中”。danger“危险”符合语境。sound“声音”、surprise“惊讶”、magic“魔法”均不符合。 6．句意：过去，许多大象处于危险之中，因为人们为了象牙而杀死它们。 根据常识，人们杀死大象是为了获取象牙。ivory“象牙”符合语境。reason“原因”、mind“思维”、nature“自然”均不符合。 7．句意：大象也失去了家园，因为人们拿走了它们的土地和森林来建造更多的村庄和农场。 根据上文“lost their homes”和下文“to build more villages and farms”可知，人们占用的是大象原本生活的森林。forests“森林”符合语境。life“生活”、houses“房子”、family“家庭”均不符合。 8．句意：然而，现在非洲象的数量正在上升，因为自1995年以来人们一直努力保护大象。 上文讲大象过去处境危险，下文讲数量上升，前后为转折关系。However“然而”符合语境。Also“也”、Quite“相当”、Only“只有”均不符合。 9．句意：然而，现在非洲象的数量正在上升，因为自1995年以来人们一直努力保护大象。 根据下文“the number of African elephants is going up”可知，数量上升是因为人们努力保护大象。save“拯救、保护”符合语境。rise“上升”、remember“记住”、notice“注意”均不符合。 10．句意：帮助大象的最好方法是建立安全的地方。 根据下文“These places keep elephants away from people.”可知，这些地方能让大象远离人类，因此是安全的。safe“安全的”符合语境。modern“现代的”、same“相同的”、different“不同的”均不符合。 11．句意：Robert Guldemond博士从事一项关于这方面的研究。 固定搭配work on a study意为“从事一项研究”。works“工作、从事”符合语境。spends“花费”、marks“标记”、laughs“笑”均不符合。 12．句意：在很长一段时间，我们一直听到关于猎杀大象的坏消息。 根据下文“But now, good work is ... things.”可知，以前是坏消息，现在情况在变好。此处指关于大象本身的坏消息。killing“杀戮”符合语境。preparing“准备”、sending“发送”、discovering“发现”均不符合。 13．句意：但是现在，好的工作正在改变现状。 根据上文过去是坏消息，现在数量上升可知，好的工作在改变局面。changing“改变”符合语境。falling“下降”、leaving“离开”、finishing“完成”均不符合。 14．句意：因为走廊帮助它们在不同地方之间自由移动。 上文问为什么要建走廊，下文解释原因，用because引导原因。Because“因为”符合语境。So“所以”、And“和”、While“而”均不符合。 15．句意：通过建立安全的家园和停止杀戮，非洲象的数量正在上升。 根据上文保护大象的措施可知，应停止杀戮。stopping“停止”符合语境。collecting“收集”、greeting“问候”、blowing“吹”均不符合。 模拟演练 Passage 1 http: // www. petdogcare. com How to make healthy food for your pet dogMany dog lovers make food for their dogs. If you only make a homemade healthy meal sometimes, don’t be too worried. However, if you plan to make food for a long time, you’ll need to be careful. Don’t give the following food to your dogs. Some food can be bad or even dangerous to dogs: ×Onion and garlic (大蒜). ×Grapes (葡萄) and nuts (坚果). ×Chocolate. Give your dogs more meat. Meat should take the biggest (最大的) part of your dogs’ meal. Because it gives much energy to dogs. However, meat should not be more than 50% of the meal. Give your dogs some fish. Fish for your dogs is like milk for your children. It is good for healthy hair and strong bones (骨骼). You can give your dogs a fish meal twice a week. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Which of the following shouldn’t be dogs’ food? A．Grapes. B．Pork. C．Fish. D．Beef. 2．How many ideas does the writer give us? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．Why should we give more meat to dogs? A．An animal doctor tells us to do that. B．It is good for dogs’ bones. C．Meat can make dogs’ eyes better. D．Dogs need much energy. 4．You visit Tina’s house and find dogs’ hair everywhere. After reading the text, what will you say to help her? A．You’d better wash the dogs more often. B．Why not give some fish to the dogs? C．Feed the dogs more chicken for the meal. D．Taking the dogs for a walk is a good choice. 5．From the text, which is a better meal for dogs? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，来自宠物狗护理网站，介绍了如何为宠物狗制作健康食物，包括禁止喂食的食物(洋葱、大蒜、葡萄、坚果、巧克力)、肉类应占最大比例 (但不超过50%) 以及每周可喂两次鱼。 1．“Don’t give the following food to your dogs.”下方明确列出:x Onion and garlic、x Grapes and nuts、x Chocolate。葡萄 (Grapes) 在禁止列表中，所以选项A“Grapes.”正确。 2．文中给出了三条建议:第一条“Don’t give the following food to your dogs.” (禁止喂食的食物)；第二条“Give your dogs more meat.” (多给肉类)；第三条“Give your dogs some fish.” (给一些鱼)。共三条建议， 3．“Give your dogs more meat.”下方说明:“Because it gives much energy to dogs.”这说明多给肉类是因为肉类能给狗提供大量能量，所以选项D“Dogs need much energy.”正确。 4．文中提到:“Fish for your dogs is like milk for your children. It is good for healthy hair and strong bones.”这说明鱼对狗的毛发健康有好处。Tina家里到处都是狗毛，说明狗可能掉毛严重，给狗吃鱼有助于改善毛发健康，所以选项B“Why not give some fish to the dogs?”最合适。 5．“Give your dogs more meat.”中说明“Meat should take the biggest part of your dogs’ meal. Because it gives much energy to dogs. However, meat should not be more than 50% of the meal.”，就是肉类占比最大，但是不超过50%，符合这个的只有选项A。 Passage 2 There’s a dog down our street. My sister Jane is scared of it. She hides behind me when we walk past the dog. She’s even scared when we walk past with Mom. When the dog barks (犬吠) at her, she cries and runs away. Mom says it can’t jump over the fence but Jane’s scared. I say it can’t get out under the gate, but she’s still scared. “I hate that dog,” she says. Dad says to ignore it and to tell herself there’s nothing there. Mom says to look the dog in the eye and keep on walking. Cindy, who lives next to our house, says to walk on the other side of the road, but we can’t cross the street by ourselves. “What can we do?” I say to my friend John. We are painting the lion for our New Year dance. He puts the lion’s head on and roars (咆哮). “We can scare the dog,” he says. We practice at our place. Dad is so scared that he backs off and nearly falls. Mom jumps and knocks her head on the door. Cindy nearly falls off her bike. We go to the dog’s house, John in front, then Jane and then me. We plan to stand on our side of the gate and to roar so loudly that the dog will be scared. John stops in front of the dog. Before he roars, the dog sees the lion’s head and goes inside the house. We all have a good laugh about the dog. 1．What does the underlined word “ignore” mean in Chinese? A．袭击 B．忽视 C．跟随 D．训练 2．What is Cindy’s advice? A．Shouting at the dog. B．Looking the dog in the eye. C．Keeping on walking past the dog. D．Using the other side of the street. 3．What does John do at the writer’s home? A．He tries out the lion’s head. B．He practices the lion dance. C．He paints a picture. D．He puts on a play. 4．How does the writer feel when seeing the dog get into the house? A． B． C． D． 5．What is the best title for the text? A．We Save the Dog B．We Laugh at the Dog C．We Love the Lion’s Head D．We Scare the Dog Away 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的妹妹简害怕街上的狗，大家给出了不同建议，最后作者和朋友约翰扮成狮子成功吓走狗的故事。 1．第二段提到“Dad says to ignore it and to tell herself there’s nothing there”，结合语境，爸爸让简告诉自己没什么，意思就是不要去管那只狗，也就是“忽视”它，所以“ignore”意思是“忽视”。 2．第二段提到“Cindy, who lives next to our house, says to walk on the other side of the road”，这表明辛迪的建议是走马路的另一边。 3．第三段提到“We are painting the lion for our New Year dance. He puts the lion’s head on and roars (咆哮). We practice at our place”，这表明约翰在作者家试戴狮子头并咆哮，也就是试戴狮子头。 4．第四段提到“We all have a good laugh about the dog”，这表明作者看到狗进屋时觉得很好笑。 5．文章主要围绕作者和朋友约翰扮成狮子吓走狗展开，所以最佳标题是“We Scare the Dog Away”。 Passage 3 How do you greet your friends? People from different cultures have different answers: shaking hands, nodding, bowing (鞠躬), and kissing on the face. But do you know how animals “say hello” to each other? Here are some examples. Everyone knows how similar chimpanzees (黑猩猩) are to humans. So the most usual ways of greeting between chimpanzees are handshaking and hugging (拥抱). Sometimes they also kiss each other. Some chimpanzees can even learn easy sign language. Giraffes hardly ever make loud sounds. Their necks can grow to two meters. When two giraffes meet, they may “shake” their necks and rub (摩擦) them against each other. This is to feel how strong and tall the other is. Dolphins greet one another with whistles (哨声). They can hear other dolphins from many kilometers away. Every dolphin has a different whistle. When two groups of dolphins meet, they each choose a member to “talk” to the other group. Then they can travel together. Unlike most of the other animals, dolphins are ________ enough to learn a new language by making and copying new sounds. 1．How do chimpanzees usually greet each other? A．By nodding and bowing. B．By kissing on the face. C．By handshaking and hugging. D．By using easy sign language. 2．Why do giraffes rub their necks when they meet? A．To reach taller trees. B．To make loud sounds. C．To know about each other. D．To talk with each other. 3．Which word can we put in the “________”? A．smart B．friendly C．playful D．shy 4．What can we know from the text? A．Giraffes are about two meters tall. B．Dolphins can hear each other from far away. C．Most animals have the ability to learn a new language. D．Shaking hands is giraffes’ main way to greet each other. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Some special abilities of smart animals in nature. B．How different animals greet one another. C．Why animals are smart and friendly. D．How animals communicate with humans. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了黑猩猩、长颈鹿、海豚三种动物不同的打招呼方式，以及它们的相关习性。 1．对应第二段：文中提到“So the most usual ways of greeting between chimpanzees are handshaking and hugging.”，说明黑猩猩最常见的打招呼方式是握手和拥抱。 2．对应第三段：文中提到“When two giraffes meet, they may “shake” their necks and rub them against each other. This is to feel how strong and tall the other is.”，说明长颈鹿摩擦脖子是为了了解对方的情况。 3．对应第四段：后文提到“enough to learn a new language by making and copying new sounds”，说明海豚足够聪明能学习新语言。 4．对应第四段：文中提到“They can hear other dolphins from many kilometers away.”，说明海豚能从很远的地方听到彼此的声音。 5．对应全文：文章围绕不同动物如何互相打招呼展开，核心主旨是介绍不同动物的问候方式。 Passage 4 二、完形填空 Last month, I took my son Tom to see his grandparents in the countryside. His grandpa took him out to the yard to play and Tom was interested in 1 . At lunch, Tom told me, “Dad, I saw a hen flying.” “Impossible!” I said without thinking. “How can a hen fly?” “Dad, a dog ran 2 the hen in the yard. The hen had to 3 in a corner. When the hen saw no other way out, she suddenly flapped (拍打) her wings and flew up to the roof (房顶). The hen escaped (逃走). Dad, I didn’t know the hen could fly. How can 4 fly?” my child asked. I thought for a minute and said. “Maybe because of love. The hen loves her own life and that helps her fly!” Tom nodded. He seemed to understand. Last weekend, we visited Tom’s 5 again. This time I heard Tom shouting from the yard. “Dad! The dog is chasing the hen again! Come and see!” I ran out of the house. The dog was running after a group of chicks, followed closely by the hen. Then the hen 6 stopped and turned around—she raised up her wings and clucked (咯咯叫) at the dog. I ran over and got between the dog and the hen, 7 at the dog to drive it away. “Dad, 8 didn’t the hen fly away? She knows she can’t fight the dog,” Tom asked. I thought for a minute and said, “Maybe because of 9 . It is true that she might get hurt, 10 she loves her babies more than anything in the world.” Tom thought for a long time and nodded. He seemed to understand. 1．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 2．A．for B．after C．out D．inside 3．A．run B．stop C．fly D．wait 4．A．it B．he C．she D．they 5．A．friends B．cousins C．grandparents D．classmates 6．A．politely B．happily C．slowly D．suddenly 7．A．looking B．laughing C．smiling D．shouting 8．A．why B．how C．when D．where 9．A．danger B．trouble C．luck D．love 10．A．and B．because C．if D．but 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．D 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了作者带儿子汤姆去乡下祖父母家，两次目睹母鸡被狗追赶的情景，作者借此告诉儿子，母鸡的行为都是因为爱，让孩子懂得了爱的力量与守护的意义。 1．句意：他的祖父带他去院子里玩，汤姆对一切都感到好奇。 孩子初次到乡下院子，对周围所有事物都充满新鲜感，应选用everything，表示“一切、所有事物”，符合孩子好奇的状态。something表示“某事”，anything表示“任何事物（多用于否定或疑问句）”，nothing表示“什么也没有”，均与语境不符。 2．句意：爸爸。一只狗在院子里追赶那只母鸡。 根据后文“The hen escaped”以及“the dog is chasing the hen again”可知狗在追逐母鸡，run after是固定搭配，意思是“追赶”。for表示“为了”，out表示“出去”，inside表示“在里面”，均与语境不符。 3．句意：母鸡只好被逼到角落里停下。 根据前文被狗追赶、走投无路的情景，母鸡没有退路只能停在角落，应选用stop，表示“停下”，符合无路可逃的状态。run表示“跑”，fly表示“飞”，wait表示“等待”，均与语境不符。 4．句意：她怎么能飞起来呢？ 此处指代前文提到的母鸡，根据前文中“she suddenly flapped (拍打) her wings”，用she来指代。it指代它，he指代男性，they指代复数，均与语境不符。 5．句意：上周末，我们又去看望了汤姆的祖父母。 根据文章开头“took my son Tom to see his grandparents”可知这是再次去看望祖父母，应选用grandparents。friends表示“朋友”，cousins表示“堂兄弟姐妹”，classmates表示“同学”，均与语境不符。 6．句意：然后母鸡突然停下来，转过身。 母鸡被追赶时为了保护小鸡做出出人意料的举动，应选用suddenly“突然地”，符合意外转折的语气。politely表示“礼貌地”，happily表示“开心地”，slowly表示“慢慢地”，均与语境不符。 7．句意：我跑过去站在狗和母鸡中间，大声呵斥把狗赶走。 驱赶狗需要大声喝止，应选用shouting“大喊、呵斥”，符合驱赶动物的动作。looking表示“看”，laughing表示“大笑”，smiling表示“微笑”，均与语境不符。 8．句意：爸爸，母鸡为什么不飞走呢？ 根据后文儿子的疑问，他想知道母鸡不飞走的原因，应选用why“为什么”，用于询问原因。how表示“怎样”，when表示“何时”，where表示“哪里”，均与语境不符。 9．句意：也许是因为爱。 根据前文第一次解释“because of love”，以及本次母鸡为保护宝宝挺身而出，核心原因都是爱，应选用love“爱”，点明文章主题。danger表示“危险”，trouble表示“麻烦”，luck表示“运气”，均与语境不符。 10．句意：诚然，她可能会受伤，但是她爱她的孩子胜过世界上的一切。 前后分句是转折关系，前半句说可能受伤，后半句说依然选择守护，应选用but“但是”，表转折。and表示“并且”，because表示“因为”，if表示“如果”，均与语境不符。 Passage 5 三、短文填空 Many people like to keep pets. Pets can bring us joy and c 1 . They can also help us reduce stress and feel less lonely. Among all the pets, dogs are one of the most popular choices.    Dogs are known for their loyalty and f 2 . They can be our good friends and bodyguards. Some dogs are trained to help people with special needs. They learn quickly and f 3 their owners’ orders well. For example, guide dogs can help blind people walk safely. Police dogs can help catch criminals. Therapy dogs can help cheer up sick people in hospitals.     Keeping a dog requires responsibility. We need to feed them regularly, take them for walks and give them enough care and attention. We also need to t 4 them to be good. Besides, we should clean their living places to keep them h 5 . A well-trained and healthy dog is more welcome everywhere.     If you are thinking about getting a dog, you should consider your living conditions and time. You should choose a dog that fits your lifestyle. For example, if you live in a small apartment, a small dog may be a better choice. If you have much free time, you can choose a dog that needs more exercise. These active dogs will feel unhappy if they s 6 inside all day.     Dogs are amazing animals. They can bring so much happiness to our lives and teach us to put others’ needs before our o 7 . But we must remember that keeping a pet is a long-term commitment (承诺). We should love and care for our dogs for their whole lives—even when they are s 8 or old. In r 9 , they will give us their unconditional (无条件的) love and loyalty.     So, if you are ready to take on the responsibility, a dog may be the perfect pet for you. And let’s not forget that all animals deserve (值得) our kindness and r 10 . We should treat them with care and respect. 【答案】 1．comfort/omfort 2．friendliness/riendliness 3．follow/ollow 4．train/rain 5．healthy/ealthy 6．stay/tay 7．own/wn 8．sick/ick 9．return/eturn 10．respect/espect 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕宠物狗展开，介绍了狗作为宠物的诸多优点，比如忠诚友善、能为人类提供帮助，同时阐述了养狗需要承担的责任，包括日常照料、训练等，最后强调养狗是长期的承诺，呼吁人们善待并尊重所有动物。 1．句意：宠物能给我们带来快乐和安慰。首字母为c，结合“reduce stress and feel less lonely”的语境，comfort表示“安慰”符合句意。故填comfort。 2．句意：狗以忠诚和友善著称。首字母为f，空处与名词loyalty并列，需填名词friendliness，表示“友善”。故填friendliness。 3．句意：它们学得很快，能很好地听从主人的指令。首字母为f，follow orders是固定搭配，意为“听从指令”，主语为they，用动词原形。故填follow。 4．句意：我们还需要训练它们养成良好的习惯。首字母为t，need to后接动词原形，train表示“训练”，符合“养狗需要责任”的语境。故填train。 5．句意：此外，我们应该清理它们的住处来保持它们健康。首字母为h，keep sb./sth. + 形容词是固定用法，healthy表示“健康的”，契合句意。故填healthy。 6．句意：如果这些活泼的狗整天待在室内，它们会不开心。首字母为s，stay inside表示 “待在室内”，从句主语为they，用动词原形。故填stay。 7．句意：它们能给我们的生活带来很多快乐，还能教会我们要先考虑别人的需求，再考虑自己的。首字母为o，our own相当于our own needs，符合语境。故填own。 8．句意：我们应该爱护和照顾我们的狗一辈子——即使当它们生病或变老的时候。首字母为s，空处与old并列，sick表示“生病的”符合句意。故填sick。 9．句意：作为回报，它们会给予我们无条件的爱和忠诚。首字母为r，in return是固定短语，意为“作为回报”。故填return。 10．句意：而且我们别忘了，所有动物都值得我们的友善和尊重。首字母为r，空处与kindness并列，respect表示“尊重”，符合 “善待动物” 的主旨。故填respect。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $