Unit 9 Lesson 5 Grammar in Use（知识清单&检测）2025-2026学年八年级英语下册（新教材仁爱科普版）

Unit 9 Forces of Nature Lesson 5 Grammar in Use 知识清单 单词 音标 中文释义 storm /stɔːm/ n. 暴风雨 thunder /ˈθʌndə(r)/ n. 雷；雷声 lightning /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/ n. 闪电 quake /kweɪk/ n. 地震；震动 prevention /prɪˈvenʃn/ n. 预防；防止 perform /pəˈfɔːm/ v. 表现；表演；运转 November /nəʊˈvembə(r)/ n. 十一月 superstorm /ˈsuːpəstɔːm/ n. 超级风暴 hillside /ˈhɪlsaɪd/ n. 小山坡 roof /ruːf/ n. 屋顶；顶部 painful /ˈpeɪnfl/ adj. 令人疼痛的；痛苦的 短语 中文释义 短语 中文释义 take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事 traffic accidents 交通事故 fight against… 与…… 作斗争；对抗 human health 人类健康 get over 克服；从…… 中恢复 worldwide problem 全球性问题 in time 及时 keep away from 远离；躲避 had better do sth. 最好做某事 disaster prevention training 防灾培训 put out 扑灭；熄灭 spread faster 蔓延得更快 take away 夺走；拿走 painful experience 痛苦的经历 1.Will there be a disaster prevention training at school tomorrow?明天学校会有防灾培训吗？ 2.We must arrive earlier than usual.我们必须比平时早到。 3.We'd better wear sports shoes.我们最好穿运动鞋。 4.We can perform best in sports shoes.我们穿运动鞋能发挥出最好的状态。 5.A snowstorm is a storm with strong winds and a lot of snow.暴风雪是伴有强风和大量降雪的风暴。 6.A thunderstorm is a storm with thunder and lightning.雷暴是伴有雷电的风暴。 7.People should take action in time to fight against sandstorms.人们应该及时采取行动对抗沙尘暴。 8.Or, the sandstorm may become a worldwide problem.否则，沙尘暴可能会成为一个全球性问题。 9.The forest fire spread faster than we thought.森林大火蔓延得比我们预想的更快。 10.The guards ran (the) fastest to put out the fire.警卫们跑得最快，去扑灭大火。 11.I still remember how terrible the superstorm was.我仍然记得那场超级风暴有多可怕。 12.It is a painful experience for me and I still can't get over it.对我来说这是一次痛苦的经历，我至今仍无法释怀。 一、重难点词汇 1.词性转换 prevent v. 阻止；预防 → prevention n. 预防；防止 pain n. 疼痛 → painful adj. 令人疼痛的；痛苦的（形容词后缀 - ful 高频考点） perform v. 表现；表演 → performance n. 表现；表演 2.高频短语辨析 1.put out 扑灭（火）；易混短语：put off 推迟、put up 张贴、put away 收好 2.in time 及时；易混短语：on time 准时 3.fight against 对抗；易混短语：fight for 为…… 而战 3.合成名词： snowstorm, thunderstorm, sandstorm, flashlight, supermarket, aftershock， 核心规则：两个名词合成新名词，词义为两个词根含义的结合，是阅读猜词题命题点。 二、重点句型解析 1.had better do sth. 提建议核心句型 核心规则：后接动词原形，无人称变化；否定式为had better not do sth.；高频易错点：后误接动词不定式to do。 2.副词比较级基础句型 课文原句：We must arrive earlier than usual. 核心规则：用于两者之间的比较，than为标志词。 3.情态动词must表义务 / 必要性 核心用法：后接动词原形，表 “必须”，强调义务和必要性；否定式mustn't表 “禁止”，多用于规则、安全类场景。 三、重点语法知识点 1.副词的比较级和最高级 1.规则变化：单音节副词直接加-er/-est（如fast-faster-fastest）；以-ly结尾的副词加more/most（如carefully-more carefully-most carefully）。 2.不规则变化（高频易错点）：badly-worse-worst、far-farther/further-farthest/furthest、well-better-best。 3.核心用法：比较级用于两者比较，最高级用于三者及以上比较，副词最高级前的the可省略。 2.合成词构词法 课标要求：掌握合成名词的构成方式，能通过词根含义推断生词词义； 核心考点：合成词拼写、阅读猜词、词汇运用。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 9 Forces of Nature Lesson 5 Grammar in Use 知识清单 单词 音标 中文释义 /stɔːm/ n. 暴风雨 /ˈθʌndə(r)/ n. 雷；雷声 /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/ n. 闪电 /kweɪk/ n. 地震；震动 /prɪˈvenʃn/ n. 预防；防止 /pəˈfɔːm/ v. 表现；表演；运转 /nəʊˈvembə(r)/ n. 十一月 /ˈsuːpəstɔːm/ n. 超级风暴 /ˈhɪlsaɪd/ n. 小山坡 /ruːf/ n. 屋顶；顶部 /ˈpeɪnfl/ adj. 令人疼痛的；痛苦的 短语 中文释义 短语 中文释义 采取行动做某事 交通事故 与…… 作斗争；对抗 人类健康 克服；从…… 中恢复 全球性问题 及时 远离；躲避 最好做某事 防灾培训 扑灭；熄灭 蔓延得更快 夺走；拿走 痛苦的经历 1.Will there be a disaster prevention training at school tomorrow?明天学校会有防灾培训吗？ 2.We must arrive earlier than usual.我们必须比平时早到。 3.We'd better wear sports shoes.我们最好穿运动鞋。 4.We can perform best in sports shoes.我们穿运动鞋能发挥出最好的状态。 5.A snowstorm is a storm with strong winds and a lot of snow.暴风雪是伴有强风和大量降雪的风暴。 6.A thunderstorm is a storm with thunder and lightning.雷暴是伴有雷电的风暴。 7.People should take action in time to fight against sandstorms.人们应该及时采取行动对抗沙尘暴。 8.Or, the sandstorm may become a worldwide problem.否则，沙尘暴可能会成为一个全球性问题。 9.The forest fire spread faster than we thought.森林大火蔓延得比我们预想的更快。 10.The guards ran (the) fastest to put out the fire.警卫们跑得最快，去扑灭大火。 11.I still remember how terrible the superstorm was.我仍然记得那场超级风暴有多可怕。 12.It is a painful experience for me and I still can't get over it.对我来说这是一次痛苦的经历，我至今仍无法释怀。 一、重难点词汇 1.词性转换 prevent v. 阻止；预防 → prevention n. 预防；防止 pain n. 疼痛 → painful adj. 令人疼痛的；痛苦的（形容词后缀 - ful 高频考点） perform v. 表现；表演 → performance n. 表现；表演 2.高频短语辨析 1.put out 扑灭（火）；易混短语：put off 推迟、put up 张贴、put away 收好 2.in time 及时；易混短语：on time 准时 3.fight against 对抗；易混短语：fight for 为…… 而战 3.合成名词： snowstorm, thunderstorm, sandstorm, flashlight, supermarket, aftershock， 核心规则：两个名词合成新名词，词义为两个词根含义的结合，是阅读猜词题命题点。 二、重点句型解析 1.had better do sth. 提建议核心句型 核心规则：后接动词原形，无人称变化；否定式为had better not do sth.；高频易错点：后误接动词不定式to do。 2.副词比较级基础句型 课文原句：We must arrive earlier than usual. 核心规则：用于两者之间的比较，than为标志词。 3.情态动词must表义务 / 必要性 核心用法：后接动词原形，表 “必须”，强调义务和必要性；否定式mustn't表 “禁止”，多用于规则、安全类场景。 三、重点语法知识点 1.副词的比较级和最高级 1.规则变化：单音节副词直接加-er/-est（如fast-faster-fastest）；以-ly结尾的副词加more/most（如carefully-more carefully-most carefully）。 2.不规则变化（高频易错点）：badly-worse-worst、far-farther/further-farthest/furthest、well-better-best。 3.核心用法：比较级用于两者比较，最高级用于三者及以上比较，副词最高级前的the可省略。 2.合成词构词法 课标要求：掌握合成名词的构成方式，能通过词根含义推断生词词义； 核心考点：合成词拼写、阅读猜词、词汇运用。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 9 Forces of Nature! Lesson 5 Grammar in Use 一、重点短语梳理 1.take action to do sth. 2.fight against… 3.get over 4.in time 5.had better do sth. 6.put out 7.take away 二、词汇运用 1.thunder 2.Lightning 3.against 4.November 5.level 6.toward(s) 7.earlier 8.worse 三、完成句子 1.had better leave; in time 2.take action to fight against 3.runs faster than 4.They had better not take a flashlight. 四、复合词专练 组词：smart-phone; sight-seeing; news-paper; thunder-storm; mother-land 1.smartphone 2.sightseeing 3.newspaper 4.motherland 5.thunderstorm 五、单项选择 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.C 六、短文填空 1.but 2.ourselves 3.training 4.prepared 5.an 6.in 7.or 8.quickly 9.more dangerous 10.will help 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 9 Forces of Nature! Lesson 5 Grammar in Use 一、重点短语梳理 1.采取行动做某事 2.与…… 作斗争 3.恢复常态；克服 4.及时 5.最好做某事 6.扑灭 7.带走；夺走 二、词汇运用 1.The sound of __________ (雷声) scared the little dog during the storm. 2.__________ (闪电) lit up the dark sky, and then heavy rain fell. 3.We should fight a__________ (对抗) pollution to protect our environment. 4.The 11th month of the year is N__________ . 5.The __________ /'levl/ of the river rose after the heavy rain. 6.The little boy ran __________ (朝向) his mother when he saw her. 7.We need to arrive __________ (early) than planned to catch the train. 8.The situation got __________ (bad) after the aftershock. 三、完成句子 1.你最好及时离开危险区域。 You ________ ________ ________ the dangerous area ________ ________. 2.我们要采取行动与沙尘暴作斗争。 We must ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ sandstorms. 3. Tom runs fast. Jim runs faster. (合并成一句) Jim Tom. 4.They had better take a flashlight.（改为否定句） _____________________________________________________. 四、复合词专练 把第一部分的单词和第二部分的单词连起来，组成一个新词，并用这个新词完成句子。（每个单词只能使用一次。） Part l: smart, sight, news, thunder, mother Part 2: land, storm, seeing , paper, phone 1. Why can HUA WEI be successful in the world market? 2. Tourists from different countries come to Shanghai for and fun. 3. The passage is probably from the education guide section in a . 4. The poet expresses his love for the in the poems. 5. Franklin is said to have flown a kite during a in 1752. 五、单项选择 1. —Do you know Tom? —Yes. He is in our football team and he trains ________ of us. A. careful B. more carefully C. most carefully D. carefully 2. My brother runs ________ than me, but I study ________ than him. A. faster; more carefully B. fast; carefully C. faster; careful D. fast; more carefully 3. Every day, Mum gets up much ________ than Dad and me. She prepares breakfast for us. A. early B. more early C. earlier D. more earlier 4. Of all the students, Lucy lives the ________ from the school. A. farther B. farthest C. far D. more far 5. Allen spent less time ________ his homework but did ________ than Tom. A. doing; good B. to do; better C. doing; better D. to do; good 六、短文填空 Earthquakes are not very common in our city, 1.__________ we still need to know how to protect 2.__________ (we). Safety should always come first. To begin with, we should take part in safety 3.__________ (train) at school. We need to be4.__________ (prepare) for any possible disaster. When 5.__________ earthquake happens, if you are indoors, hide under a strong desk and hang on to its legs. If you are 6.__________ the corner of the room, sit there and cover your head. If you are outdoors, stay away from trees 7.__________ power lines. Don’t move around 8.__________ (quick) after the shaking stops, because there may be aftershocks which are even 9.__________ (dangerous) than the main quake. Most importantly, keep a first-aid kit at home, and learn some basic rescue skills. These things 10.__________(help) you stay safe if a disaster comes. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $