Unit 6 Section A How different are our cultures（无听力音频）-【随堂笔记】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语（人教版·新教材）

Section B 4.heroes 5.reviewed What can we do to prepare for the 三、1.woke up2.go wrong worst? 3.as a result 4.went off 知识运用/ 5.as soon as -1.knowledge 2.alarm 3.refuse 四、1.will be2.so;that3.Why were 4.thankfully 5.usual 4.When did;finish 二、1.worst2.terribly3.unlucky 5.Whose notebook Unit 6 Crossing Cultures Section A Section B How different are our cultures? How do we show respect to 知识运用 other cultures? 一、1.shake2.bow3.rude 4.hug 5.elbows 知识运用 二、l.confused2.surprised -1.cheered 2.Secondly 3.main 3.cultural 4.manners 5.cheeks 4.jeans 5.received 三、14DABB 二、1.nicely2.unsafe3.correctly 四、1.so;that2.sit up3.am used to 4.married 5.Congratulate 4.serving chopsticks 5.on time 三、14CCBD 五、1.confusion2.improper 3.traditional 4.manners 5.serving 四、l.hearing from2.can't wait to 6.uncommon 7.formally 3.in his forties 4.go a long way 8.embarrassing 9.cultural 5.as soon as 10.received 五、1-5 BDGECSection A I How different are our cultures? 我们的文化差异有多大？ 课前·预习笔记 1. 熟读课文，掌握生词。 预 2.能翻译课文，熟记本课时的重点词汇。 3.能用unless、so.that、as soon as引导状语从句。 标 4.了解世界各地的风俗习惯和餐桌礼仪。 心第一步听音频 参照本部分教材，听课文录音，从而了解课文大意。 已第二步读课文 跟读课文2~3遍，注意模仿语音、语调。 ●第三步圈生词 把本课时的生词在课本上圈出来，并对照课后词汇表，写出下列单词的汉语意思。 uncommon(ad.)罕见的；不寻常的 fork(n.)叉子 Indian(ad.)印度的；印度人的(n.)印度人 proper(ad,)恰当的；正确的 unless(coj,)除非；如果不 manner(n.)方式；(pl.manners)礼仪 confusing(ad,)令人困惑的；难以理解的 elbow(n.)肘；肘部 serving(ad,)分菜用的(n.)一份食物 chopstick(n.)(usually pl,.)筷子 embarrassing(ad,)使人难堪的 cultural(ad,)与文化有关的；文化的 预 bow(&n.)鞠躬 fist(n.)拳头 rub()摩擦；揉 kiss()亲吻(n)吻 cheek(n.)脸颊 hug(k&n.)拥抱 embarrassed(ad.)t尴尬的 confused(ad.)困惑的 curry(n.)咖喱莱 务 formal(ad.)正式的 rude(ad.)粗鲁的 palm(n.)手掌 shake(心)与（某人）握手；摇动(n.)摇动；奶昔 bump(~)碰；撞(n.)碰撞；（撞击造成的）肿块 namaste(interj..)有礼了（印度人行合十礼时口中所念之词） surprising(ad.)出人意料的；令人吃惊的 已第四步找句子 从课文中找出下列句子，将其补充完整，并翻译和熟读这些句子。 1.But English table manners are so confusing that I'm a little worried. 2.Bring a small gift,but don't bring food unless the host asks you to. 3.You should be patient and not expect people to be on time. 已第五步记重点 1.熟记本课时的重点词汇（见“第三步圈生词”)。 2.掌握as soon as、unless和so..that引导的状语从句的用法。 44 随堂笔记人教版8年级英语下册 课堂·听课笔记 教材解读[教材P52] Match the greetings with the pictures. 1©将问候方式和图片相匹配。 shake hands bow 握手 鞠躬 bump fists握手 rub noses 击拳 蹭鼻子 kiss on the cheeks hug 亲吻脸颊 拥抱 O【参考答案】（从左到右，从上到下）DCBFAE Listen to three conversations at a party. 66听派对上的三段对话。将客人 Match the guests with their feelings.Share 与他们的感受进行匹配。对于 your ideas on why they have these feelings. 他们为何有这些感受，分享你 的看法。 1.Anna A.embarrassed 1.安娜 A.尴尬的 2.Li Tong B.surprised 2.李桐 B.惊讶的 3.Ji-Hoon C.confused 3.智勋 C.困惑的 D【参考答案】1.B2.C3.A Listen again.Complete the table with 1⊙再听一遍。 用每个国家常见的 the common greetings in each country. 问候方式完成表格。 Anna(US) Kaito (Japan) Harry(UK) Marie(France) 安娜（美国） 海斗（日本) 哈里（英国） 玛丽（法国） O【参考答案】Anna:say“hello'”or shake hands Kaito:bow Harry:say"hello",sometimes hug Marie:kiss friends on the cheek Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 145 Choose two characters from 1b and 1c.Role-play 1d从1b和1c中选择两个角色。 meeting each other. 分角色扮演会面。 .How do you greet people in...? 。在…，你们是如何跟人们打招 呼的？ Is it common to greet others by...? 。通过…跟别人打招呼常见吗？ We usually...to say hello. 。我们通常…打招呼。 .We don't never...because it's too formal not formal 。我们不会/从不…因为它太正 enough. 式/不够正式。 2Complete the sentences about Indian culture.What 2©完成关于印度文化的句子。关 else do you know about India? 于印度你还知道些什么？ 1.Many people like/do not like curry. 1.许多人喜欢/不喜欢咖喱。 2.It is usually OK to be late/early when visiting friends. 2.拜访朋友时晚到/早到通常是可 以接受的。 3.People will usually offer you some tea fruit when 3.当你去拜访别人时，他们通常会 which在此处引 you visit them. 导定语从句 给你端来一些茶/水果。 4.People usually wear clothes which cover their arms/ 4.人们通常穿能遮住手臂/腿的 legs. 衣服。 5.It is rude/polite to give or take things with your left 5.用左手递东西或拿东西是粗鲁的/ hand. 礼貌的。 6.Dishes with beef are common /uncommon. 6.带有牛肉的菜肴是常见的/罕见的。 D【参考答案】1.like2.late3.tea4.legs5.ude6.uncommon Listen to the conversation and number 26听对话，并按照所提及的话题 the pictures in the order of the topics 的顺序给图片编号。 mentioned. D【参考答案】（从左到右)2314 Listen again and complete the sentences. ②再听一遍并完成句子。 1.In India,people have a special 1.在印度，人们有一种特殊的问候 They press their palms together, 方式。他们会双手合十，鞠躬， and say,Namaste.” 并说“有礼了”。 2.People in India use their hand to eat.They 2.印度人用他们的右手来进食。他 may not always eat with a and fork. 们可能不总是用刀叉吃饭。 146随堂笔记人教版8年级英语下册 3.People often eat curry.It's popular in India. 3.人们经常吃很多咖喱。它在印度 很受欢迎。 4.In India, arevery special to many people 4.在印度，牛对许多人来说具有特 They can anywhere they like. 殊意义。它们可以在任何它们喜 4 be special to..意为“对…来 说很特别” 欢的地方行走。 D【参考答案】l.greeting;bow2.right;knife3.a lot of 4.cows;walk 2Imagine a friend is going to visit India.Tell him or 2d假设一位朋友即将去印度游玩。 her about Indian customs. 告诉他或她有关印度的风俗。 A:How do people in India greet others? A:在印度，人们如何与他人打招呼？ B:... B:… A:What special foods do Indian people often eat? A:印度人经常吃哪些特别的食物？ B:... B:..... Read the conversation.Why is Hongli worried? ③0读对话。洪丽为什么担心？ Sam:What's wrong,Hongli?→比处用现在进 萨姆：怎么了，洪丽？ 行时表将来 Hongli:I'm having dinner at my friend's house tonight. 洪丽：今晚我要去朋友家吃晚餐。 But English table manners are so confusing 但是英国的餐桌礼仪很令人 that I'm a little worried.餐桌礼仪 费解，我有点担心。 萨姆：嗯，我来自伦敦。有什么问 Sam:Well,I'm from London.Ask me anything! 题尽管问我！ Hongli:Thanks!Well,first,should I bring something? 洪丽：谢谢！嗯，首先，我应该带 unless引导条件状语从句 点什么东西吗？ Sam:Yes.Bring a small gift,but don't bring food 萨姆：是的。带个小礼物，但是不 unless the host asks you to.And remember to 要带食物，除非主人要求你 wait for the host to start before you eat. 带。还有，记得等主人先开 始再用餐。 Hongli:Good to know!Could you tell me the proper 洪丽：知道了！你也能告诉我使用 way to use a knife and fork too? 刀叉的正确方法吗？ Sam:Just hold the knife in your right hand,and the 萨姆：右手拿刀，左手拿叉。如果 fork in your left.If you get confused,watch what 你搞不清楚，就看看其他人 everyone else does. 是怎么做的。 Hongli:OK.Anything else? 洪丽：好的。还有别的吗？ Sam:Hmm.After the meal,thank the host and say that 萨姆：嗯。吃完饭后，要感谢主人， 并说饭莱很美味。最重要的 everything was delicious.And,most importantly... 是… Hongli:Yes? 洪丽：什么？ Sam:Enjoy yourself！ 萨姆：玩得开心！ Hongli:Thanks,I will! 洪丽：谢谢，我会的！ Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 47 O【参考答案】Because she is having dinner at her friend's house tonight..But English table manners are so confusing. Make notes about having dinner at a friend's house ③6记录在英国朋友家吃晚餐的注 in the UK. 意事项。 Before the meal During the meal After the meal 餐前 餐中 餐后 O【参考答案】Before the meal:Wait for the host to start first. During the meal:Hold the knife in the right hand,and the fork in the left hand. After the meal:Thank the host and say everything is delicious Listen to the conversation.Then role- ③©听对话。然后进行角色扮演。 play it. Imagine your foreign friend is going to have dinner 3©假设你的外国朋友将第一次在一 at a Chinese person's house for the first time.Use 位中国人的家里吃晚餐。利用以 the tips below to give him or her some advice. 下提示来给他或她提供一些建议。 Wait for older people to start eating. ·等待年长者先开始用餐。 .Sit up straight.Keep your elbowsoffthe table. 。坐直。肘部不要放在餐桌上。 Do not stand up to reach for food.Ask others to pass ·不要起身拿食物。让他人将菜肴 you the dish.keep.of使不碰到，避开 递给你。 Use serving chopsticks and spoons to take food from ·使用公筷和公勺从公共菜盘中取 shared dishes. 食物。 A:I'm going to a Chinese friend's house for dinner. A:我要去一个中国朋友家吃晚餐。 Could you give me some advice on table manners? 你能给我一些关于餐桌礼仪方 面的建议吗？ B:Sure!First,.. B:当然可以！首先， Grammar Focus 语法聚焦 Read the sentences.What do the words in red mean? 4©读句子。红色的词是什么意思？蓝 How are the pairs of words in blue used differently? 色的成对的词，用法上有何不同？ Do you ever bow? No,that's so formal that we don't do it these days.没有， 你曾经行过鞠躬礼吗？ 那太正式了，我们如今不做它了。 Sure.Bring a small gift,but don't bring food unless the Should I bring something? host asks you to.当然。带上一份小礼物，但是不要带 我应该带点什么吗？ 食物除非主人要求你带。 48 随堂笔记人教版8年级英语下册 I was surprised by your bow.We usually just That's surprising!In Japan,we bow as soon as we meet a say“hello”or shake hands in the US.你的鞠 teacher..那太令人惊讶了！在日本，我们一见到老师 躬让我感到惊讶。在美国，我们通常只说“你 就鞠躬。 好”或者握手。 Don't look so embarrassed! But it is embarrassing! 别显得这么尴尬啊！ 但这确实很令人尴尬！ Combine the sentences using the words in brackets. 46用括号中的词将句子合并起来。 1.Turkiye:People don't kiss one another on the cheek. 1.土耳其：人们不会互相亲吻脸 They can do so if they are good friends.(unless) 频。如果他们是好朋友，他们可 In Tirkiye,people don't kiss one another on the 以这样做。（除非)） cheek unless they are good friends. 在土耳其，人们不会互相亲吻脸 在此处意为“脱下”，还可意为“（飞机）起飞” 颊，除非他们是好朋友。 2.Japan:Take off your shoes.You do this when you 2.日本：脱鞋。当进入别人家时你 enter someone's home.(as soon as) 要这么做。（一…就） 3.Kenya:Being late is very common.You should be 3.肯尼亚：迟到很常见。你应该有 patient and not expect people to be on time.(so...that) 耐心，不要期望别人准时到达。 准时4 （如此…以至于) 4.China:Sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is very 4.中国：将筷子插进一碗米饭是非 rude.You should avoid it.(so...that) 常不礼貌的。你应当避免这样 stick..into.意为"将…插入…” 做。（如此…以至于) 5.Mexico:Don't use someone's first name if you don't 5.墨西哥：如果你对他或她不太熟 know him or her well.You can use it if the person 悉，切勿直呼其名。如果此人让 invites you to do so.(unless) 你这样做，你可以使用其名字。 (除非) invite sb to do sth意为“邀请某人做某事“ p【参考答案】2.In Japan,take off your shoes as soon as you enter someone's home.. 3.In Kenya,being late is so common that you should be patient and not expect people to be on time. 4.In China,sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is so rude that you should avoid it. 5.In Mexico,don't use someone's first name unless you know him or her well.You can use it if the person invites you to do so. Complete the passage with the words in the box. 4©用方框中的词完成短文。你能 Can you tell where the writer is from? 说出作者来自哪里吗？ surprising surprised interesting interested 令人惊讶的 感到惊讶的 有趣的 感兴趣的 so...that as soon as unless 如此…以至于 一…就 除非 Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 149 多文化冲击 Do you know what culture shock is?You may feel 你知道什么是文化冲击吗？当 it when you experience a new culture,because the 体验到一种新的文化时你可能感受 new culture is different fromyour own 到它，因为这种新文化与你原有的 be different from意为"与…不同" 文化是如此的不同所以你会感到惊 you feel For example,I experienced 讶。例如，去年我一下飞机抵达秘 this got off the plane in Peru last year. 指从交通工具上下来 鲁就经历了这种情况。人们在我的 People were standing on my right and left,even though 左右两侧站着，尽管公交车上还有 there was plenty of space on the bus!That was really 足够的空间！对我来说，那真是令 意为“很多的；大量的 to me.In Germany,people usually like more 人惊讶。在德国，人们通常更喜欢 personal space,and we don't stand close to someone 拥有更多的个人空间，而且我们不 会和人站得很近，除非我们对他们 we know them very well.But once I was used be used to意为，“习惯于”← 非常了解。但当我习惯了这种氛围 to it,I became more curious and in learning 后，我变得越来越好奇，并且有兴 about the culture there.It's so to discover 趣去了解那里的文化。去发现像这 cultural differences like this! 发现“ 样的文化差异真是太有趣了！ ,O【参考答案】so;that;surprised;as soon as;surprising;unless;interested;interesting The writer is from Germany. 新知精讲 >If you don't agree,shake your head.如果你不 同意，摇摇头。 shake hands握手（教材P52) >Shake the bottle before you open it..打开瓶子 知识点1 shake/ferk/以（与某人）握手；摇动 之前要先摇一摇。 n.摇动；奶昔 ,→过去式为shook,过去 (3)shake还可作名词，意为“奶昔”。 分词为shaken 讲解(1)shake在此处是作动词，意为“（与 strawberry shake草莓奶昔 某人)握手”，相关短语： bow鞠躬（教材P52) shake hands with sb与某人握手 知识点2bow/bau/&n.鞠躬 shake one's hand握某人的手 讲解bow可作不及物动词，也可作名词。 He held out his hand and shook hands with me. 》He bowed low to the crowd.他向人群深深地 他伸出手与我握手。 鞠躬。 ,He shook my hand warmly.他热情地和我》The music ended and the girl took a bow.音乐 握手。 结束，女孩鞠躬致谢。 (2)shake作动词还可表示“摇动；摇头”。 take a bow意为“鞠躬致谢；谢幕 150 随堂笔记人教版8年级英语下册 ☒知识拓展bow的一词多义： >It's necessary for me to do eye exercises and it's really nice of you to teach me.对我来说做 眼保健操很有必要，你能教我（眼保健操） 真好。 低头鞠躬 礼盒 bow /bau/ bow /bau/ 国知识拓展在“It's+ad.+of/for sb to do sth.” 句型中，用of和用for的区别： embarrassed尴尬的（教材P52) “It's+ad.+of sb to do sth.”意为“某人做某事 知识点3 embarrassed/m'ber3st/ad.尴尬的 是…的”，强调对人的性格、品质的评价。常 讲解embarrassed常用来表达人的主观感受， 用的形容词有：good、kind、nice、clever等。 “It's+ad.+for sb to do sth.”意为“做某事对某 在句中作表语。常与介词about或at连用，表 人来说是…的”，强调对客观情况的描述。常 示“因…而感到窘迫”。 用的形容词有：easy、hard、difficult、important等。 >He was embarrassed because he made a But English table manners are so confusing mistake..他因为出错而显得很窘迫。 that I'm a little worried.但是英国的餐 >I felt embarrassed about at his unexpected 桌礼仪很令人费解，我有点担心。（教材 question.我因他突然的问题而感到尴尬。 P54) @知识拓展embarrass的同根词： 知识点5 manner/mena(r)/n.方式；(pl. embarrassment n.尴尬；窘迫 manners)礼仪 embarrassed ad.尴尬的 饼解(1)manner作名词，此处意为“礼仪”， embarrassing adj.使人害羞的（或难堪的、惭愧的） 常用复数形式。常见搭配： e语境串记Today is an embarrassing day, good manners彬彬有礼的行为举止 Everyone smiled at me.That made me bad manners没礼貌 table manners餐桌礼仪 embarrassed.Soon I realized that I had worn my jacket inside out..What an embarrassment!今天 >It's good manners to keep your voice down in public.在公共场合低声说话是有礼貌的。 是令人尴尬的一天。所有人都冲着我笑，那让 》Manners make the man.礼貌造就人。 我很尴尬。不久，我意识到（原来）自己把夹 (2)manner作名词，还可意为“方式；方法”， 克衫穿反了。真尴尬啊」 常用单数形式，比way更正式。 It is rude polite to give or take things in a...manner意为"y以…的方式”← with your left hand.用左手递东西或拿东 The problem should be solved in a fair manner 西是粗鲁的/礼貌的。（教材P53) 应该以公平的方式解决这个问题。 知识点4It's+ad.+to do sth 知识点6 a little少许，一点 讲解该句型意为“做某事是…的”，其中 讲解a little在本句中修饰形容词nervous,也 t是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定 可以修饰名词，相当于abit或kind of。 式（短语）。 >I drank a little water just now.I drank a bit of water just now.我刚才喝了一点儿水。 Unit 6 Crossing Cultures >Are you a little shy when facing the camera? 使用公筷是有必要的。using serving chopsticks 面对镜头的时候，你是不是有点害羞？ 是动词-ing短语，在句中作主语时，谓语动 @易混辩析a little与abit 词应用单数形式，先排除B项；由语境及从 可直接修饰不可表示“一点” 句中的eat可知，此处应用一般现在时，故选A。 a little 数名词 都可修饰形容 词、副词及其比 You should be patient and not expect a bit 修饰不可数名词较级，也可修饰 时必须用a bit of动词 people to be on time..你应该有耐心，不 要期望别人准时到达。（教材P55) >Sir,your house is wonderful,but the windows are a bit dirty..先生，你的房子很不错，但是窗户有 知识点9 on time按时，准时 点脏。 》Don'twoy.She'll be on time..别担心。她会 Get up a bit/a little earlier,and you will see the star.起早一点，你就会看到那颗星星。 准时的。 People don't kiss one another on the cheek. ☒知识拓展含time的其他短语： 人们不会互相亲吻脸颊。（教材P55) at times有时at the same time同时 in time及时time and time again屡次 知识点7 one another互相 But once I was used to it,I became more 讲解one another与each other同义。两者 curious.但当我习惯了这种氛围后，我 常用作动词或介词的宾语，不可作主语。one another和each other的所有格均是在其后加“'s”。 变得越来越好奇…（教材P55) >Friends must be able to trust one another.朋友 知识点10 be usedto(doing)sth习惯于（做）】 必须能够彼此信任。 某事 →o在此处是介词 We are surprised at one another's/each other's 讲解be used to(doing)sth意为“习惯于（做） ideas.我们对彼此的想法感到惊奇。 某事” Being late is very common.迟到很常见。 (教材P55) 》I'm used to getting up early..我习惯早起。 知识点8动词ing短语作主语 回易混辨析 be used to doing、be used to do与 used to do 讲解本句中Being late在句中作主语。单个的 动词-ing短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 be used to do sth 》Seeing is believing.眼见为实。 被用来做某事 used to do sth 过去常常做某事 Using less water means saving money and energy.使用较少的水意味着省钱和 Gina used to live in the countryside with her 节能。 parents,but now she is used to living with her classmates at school..吉娜过去和她父母 典例As we all know,using serving chopsticks 起住在乡下，但现在她习惯和同学们住在 necessary when we eat with others 学校。 A.is B.are C.was Paper is used to make books and newspapers. 【解析】此处表示当我们和别人一起吃饭时 被用来制作书籍和报纸。 152 随堂笔记人教版8年级英语下册 课后·提升笔记 知识回顾 核心词汇 L.shake hands握手 1.embarrassed ad).尴尬的embarrass v.使尴尬 2.sit up坐直 2.common adj.常见的uncommon ad.罕见 3.keep.off使不碰到；使避开 的；不寻常的 4.serving chopsticks公筷 3.Indian adj.印度的；印度人的-India n.印度 5.be used to习惯于 4.confused adj.困惑的confusing ad.令人困 6.one another互相 惑的；难以理解的 7.cultural shock文化冲击 5.manner n.方式一（复数）manners礼仪 用法总结 重要短语 1.It's adj.to do sth 2.动词-ing短语作主语 知识运用0 一、根据句意及汉语意思填空 4.We should know more about (manner) 1.We Chinese often (握手)hands when so that we can behave well in public. we meet friends. 5.The two old friends kiss each other on both 2.In Japan,people usually (鞠躬)to each (cheek). other when they meet. 三、单项选择 3.Don't be (粗鲁的)to him.He is just a 1.Jane is very quiet and shy.She finds it child. to make a speech in public. 4.My aunt opened her arms and gave me a A.relaxing B.comfortable big (拥抱) C.interesting D.embarrassing 5.She sat with her two (手肘)on the table. 2.-Would you like to go for a walk with me, 二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 dear? 1.What he said at the meeting made us -I'd love to, it rains. (confuse). A.unless B.so 2.She looked (surprise)when she saw the C.soon D.until gift on the table. 3.To protect the new table,we should hot 3.There are lots of buildings with historical dishes it and (culture)value in China A.keep;from B.keep;off C.stop;off D.prevent;off Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 53 4.I couldn't wait to share it with my parents Leo (from India)faced a lot of 1. I got the exciting news. (confuse)-he didn't know the social rules of A.until B.as soon as other countries. C.because D.though When he met a French student,he tried 四、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词 to shake hands,but soon realized it was 1.那些书太昂贵了，以至于一些人负担不起。 2 (proper)for their 3. (tradition) Those books were expensive greeting (which is a kiss on the cheek). some people couldn't afford them. Later,at the food booth,Leo learnt that table 2.你应该坐直，认真听老师讲课。 4. (manner)vary a lot:in Japan,a small You should straight and listen 5. (serve)of food is usually placed in each to the teacher carefully. person's bowl.It's 6.(common)to see 3.我习惯于骑自行车去上学。 people use forks in Thailand,as most people eat I riding a bike to with spoons and forks together. school. When Leo gave a speech about Indian 4.请递给我一双公筷好吗？ culture,he dressed 7. (formal)in Would you mind handing me a pair traditional clothes.A(n)8. (embarrass) of moment came when he accidentally called a 5.由于你的帮助，我能够按时完成工作。 Korean student by the wrong name-he felt sorry Thanks to your help,I can finish my work immediately. These 9. (culture)differences made 五、语篇填空 the festival more interesting.At the end of the 阅读短文，用括号中所给词的适当形式 day,Leo 10. (receive)a souvenir from a 填空。 Mexican student,and they promised to keep in At our school's International Culture Festival,touch. 154随堂笔记人教版8年级英语下册