Unit 2 Section B How should we stay safe（无听力音频）-【随堂笔记】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语（人教版·新教材）

Section B How should we stay safe? 我们该如何保持安全？ 课前·预习笔记 1. 熟读课文，掌握生词。 预 2.能翻译课文，熟记本课时的重点词汇。 3.能用英文概括文章内容。 标 4.能用单词后缀-self/-selves、-less、-ache写出相应的反身代词、形容词或名词。 ●第一步听音频 参照本部分教材，听课文录音，从而了解课文大意。 已第二步读课文 跟读课文2~3遍，注意模仿语音、语调。 ●第三步圈生词 把本课时的生词在课本上圈出来，并对照课后词汇表，写出下列单词的汉语意思。 bum()燃烧；着火(n.)烧伤 happily(adv)快乐地；高兴地 badly(ad)严重地 aid(n.&)帮助；援助 roll()(使)翻滚；滚动 tonight(ad)在今晚(n.)今夜；今晚 bleed()流血；出血 smoke(n.)烟()吸烟；冒烟 harm(n.&)伤害；损害 luckily(adv)幸运地 pil(n.)药丸；药片 sadly(ad)伤心地；令人遗憾 预 nervously(ad)紧张不安地 hit()碰撞；击；打(n.)打；击；击中 peanut(n.)花生 allergic(ad.)过敏的 flame(n.)火焰 panic(n.)惊恐；恐慌 onto(prep.)向；朝 harmful(ad.)有害的 务 check()检查；查明(n.)检查；调查 themselves(pron.)他（或她、它）们自己 quick(ad.)快的；迅速的(ad)迅速地；快速地 tight(ad,)疼痛的；憋气的；紧的；牢固的 throw()猛动（身体部位）；扔；抛(n)扔；投（球） shock(n.)震惊；令人震惊的事(，)使震惊；使惊愕 心第四步找句子 从课文中找出下列句子，将其补充完整，并翻译和熟读这些句子。 1.One Saturday,James decided to make fried chicken. 2.But in the middle of the meal,Mark started to feel strange. 心第五步记重点 1.熟记本课时的重点词汇（见“第三步圈生词”）。 2.掌握概括文章内容的技巧。 36 随堂笔记人教版8年级英语下册 课堂·听课笔记 教材解读[教材P16] Discuss the questions. 10讨论问题。 1.Look at the picture in 1b.Can you describe what is 1.看1b中的图片。你能描述正在发 happening? 生什么吗？ 2.Do you know what to do if oil catches fire? 2.如果油着火了，你知道该做什么吗？ Read the story and find out how the fire started. b读故事，找出火灾是如何发生的。 A Cooking Accident 一场烹饪事故 James lived in the city with his friend Allen.It was 詹姆斯和他的朋友艾伦住在城 their first time living away from their families,and they 里。这是他们第一次离开家人生活， enjoyed learning how to do many things themselves. 他们喜欢学着自己做很多事情。 One Saturday,James decided to make fried 一个周六，詹姆斯决定做炸鸡。 chicken.First,he poured oil into a pan.Then he turned 首先，他把油倒进锅里。然后他打 on the stove and left the oil to heat while he prepared 开炉子，油加热时，他准备鸡肉。 the chicken.Just then,he heard the front door open, 就在那时，他听到前门开了，接着 followed by the sound of Allen singing 是艾伦唱歌的声音。 “Guess what,,”Allen called out happily..“We “你猜怎么着，”艾伦高兴地 won!" 过去分词短语作状语 喊道，“我们赢了！” "No way!"James followed him into the living “不可能！”詹姆斯跟着他走 room.He wanted to hear 进客厅。他想听关于那场足球比赛 all about the football 的所有情况！突然，艾伦停止了说 game！Suddenly,Allen 话，抬起头来。 stopped talking and “嘿，你闻到有东西烧焦的味 looked up. 道了吗？” “Hey,do you smell “哦，不！” something burning?" 他们立刻冲回厨房。锅着火 "Oh no!" 了！巨大的火焰往空中窜。慌乱中， They both rushed back into the kitchen.The pan 詹姆斯立刻关掉了炉子。但他离锅 was on fire!Large flames were jumping into the air.In 太近，一团火溅到了他的衬衫上。 a panic,James turned off the stove at once.But he was 詹姆斯大叫一声，扑倒在地板上。 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 37 so close to the pan that a flame jumped onto his shirt. 他在地板上打滚扑灭了身上的火， James cried out and threw himself to the floor.He put 但锅里的火还在烧！ out the fire by rolling on the ground,but the pan was “快去拿水！”他喊道。 still burning! 艾伦正要这么做，却突然停 "Get water,quick!"he shouted. ,突然停下 住了。多亏了他在学校上的急救和 Allen was about to do so when he stopped short. 安全课，他知道水会让油火变得更 Thanks to the first aid and safety classes he took at 糟！相反，他跑到客厅去拿灭火器。 school,he knew that water could make oil fires much 几秒钟后，锅里的火就被扑灭了。 worse!Instead,he ran to the living room to get the fire “你还好吗？”艾伦问他的朋友。 extinguisher.In seconds,the fire in the burning pan was “我想还好，”詹姆斯说。幸 put out. 运的是，他的衬衫不是很薄！他的 "Are you OK?"Allen asked his friend 胳膊红了，但不是很疼。 "I think so,"James said.It was lucky that his shirt “也许我们今晚应该出去吃，” wasn't too thin!His arm was red,but it didn't hurt very 詹姆斯一边说一边用凉水冲胳膊。 much. “当然可以，我们可以那样做。 "Maybe we should eat out tonight,"James said as 你想吃什么？” he ran cool water over his arm. “除了炸鸡，任何（食物)都 “Sure,we could do that..What do you want?” 行，”他难过地说。 “Anything but fried chicken,.”he said sadly. Read the story again.Number the events in the 1©再读一遍故事。给事件按正确 correct order. 顺序编号。 James followed Allen into the living room. 詹姆斯跟着艾伦走进客厅。 I James heated some oil on the stove. 1詹姆斯在炉子上加热一些油。 James rolled on the ground. 詹姆斯在地上打滚。 James turned off the stove,but his shirt caught 詹姆斯关掉了炉子，但是他 fire. 的衬衫着火了。 Allen got the fire extinguisher,and put out the 艾伦拿灭火器把火扑灭。 fire. The pan was on fire. 锅着火了。 D【参考答案】2一1一5一4一6-3 38 随堂笔记人教版8年级英语下册 Read again.Complete the summary of the story 1d再读一遍。用1c中的细节完成 using the details in 1c.Then retell the story. 故事摘要。然后复述故事。 P 0 Summarizing a text 总结一篇文章 When you summarize a text,you leave out details 当你总结一篇文章时，你要 that are not important and only tell the main points of 省略不重要的细节，只讲述故事 the story.Summarizing what you read will help you 的主要内容。总结你读的内容有 understand and remember the story better. 助于更好地理解和记忆故事。 詹姆斯和他的朋友艾伦住在城 James lived with his friend Allen in the city.One day, 里。有一天，他决定做一顿饭。他 he decided to make a meal.He and prepared 把一些油放进锅里然后打开了炉子 some chicken.When Allen returned home,James 加热它，（他）还准备了一些鸡肉。 当艾伦回家时，詹姆斯跟着艾伦到 to talk about a football game.Suddenly,they 客厅聊足球比赛。突然，他们闻到 smelt smoke and found James rushed to turn 烟味，发现锅着火了。詹姆斯冲过 off the stove,but his shirt He threw himself 去关掉炉子，但是他的衬衫着火了。 他扑倒在地上，在地上打滚直到火 to the floor and until the fire was out.Allen 被扑灭。艾伦很快跑到客厅去拿灭 quickly and put out the fire.Luckily,James was 火器并扑灭了火。幸运的是，詹姆 斯伤得不重。 not badly hurt. p【参考答案】poured some oil into a pan and then turned on the stove to heat it,:followed Allen into the living room;the pan was on fire;caught fire;rolled on the ground;ran to the living room to get the fire extinguisher Discuss the questions. 1e讨论问题。 1.What do you think of James's and Allen's actions in 1.你如何看待故事中詹姆斯和艾伦 the story? 的行为？ 2.What dos and don'ts did you learn from the story? 2.从这个故事中，你学到了哪些该 做的事和不该做的事？ 3.在家里什么可能引起火灾？我们应 3.What could start a fire at home?What should we do 该做些什么保护自己免受伤害？ to keep ourselves safe from harm? Unit 2 Stay Healthy 39 Vocabulary in Use 词汇运用 What do these word endings mean?Complete the 20这些单词后缀是什么意思？用 table with the correct endings. 正确的后缀完成表格。 -self/-selves自己 -less没有 -ache疼痛 (without) (pain) (a person or thing on their own) 没有 疼痛 某人或某物自己 colour back my our 颜色 背 我的 我们的 care head your your 小心 头 你的 你们的 harm stomach it him 伤害 胃 它 他 pain tooth her them 疼痛 牙 她 他们 O【参考答案】-less(without):colourless,careless;harmless;painless -ache(pain):backache;headache;stomachache;toothache -self/-selves (a person or thing on their own):myself;ourselves;yourself;yourselves;itself;himself; herself;themselves Complete the sentences with the correct words in 2b用括号中正确的词完成句子。 brackets. 1.The little boy fell off his chair and cried out 1.这个小男孩从他的椅子上摔下 in.(pain,ache) 来，痛苦地大叫着。 2.If you don't wear a mask,you might the flu. 2.如果你不戴口罩，你可能感染 (take,catch) 流感。 3.Be careful when you do sport.If you get a(n) 3.当你运动时要小心。如果你受伤 you'll have to rest for some time.(injury,pain) 了，你就必须休息一段时间。 4.Tom's ear so the doctor gave him some pills 4.汤姆的耳朵疼，所以医生给了他 for it.(suffer,hurt) for some time意为"一段时间" 一些药片。 5.Lifting those heavy boxes all morning made my arms 5.一早上都在搬那些沉重的箱子， really .(harmful,sore) 弄得我的胳膊酸痛不已。 D【参考答案】1.pain2.catch3.injury4.hurt5.sore Complete the passage with the correct forms of the ②©用方框中词的正确形式完成 words in the box. 短文。 injury X-ray avoid 受伤 X射线 避免 aid throw colour 援助 扔 给…上色 40 随堂笔记人教版8年级英语下册 Kelly looked at her phone.She was late,and her 凯莉看着手机。她迟到了，她 exam was starting in 10 minutes!Suddenly,something 的考试10分钟后就要开始了！突 hit her hard and her to the ground. 然，有东西重重地撞到了她，把她 "Are you all right?"the driver cried out.His face 撞倒在地上。 was with fear.But Kelly didn't say anything. “你还好吗？”司机大喊道。 She was suffering from shock and her arm was bleeding. 他的脸因恐惧而变得很红。但凯莉 "Don't worry.I know first!I'll call for help 什么也没说。她受到惊吓，而且她 too!”the driver said. 打电话求助 的胳膊在流血。“别担心，我懂急 At the hospital,the doctor checked Kelly's arm 救！我也会打电话求助！”司机说。 carefully.An showed that her right arm was 在医院，医生仔细检查了凯莉 broken."You're lucky that your wasn't worse," 的胳膊。一张X光片显示她的右臂 said the doctor. 骨折了。“很幸运，你没有受更严 You're right,.”Kelly said.“T'l looking at 重的伤，”医生说。 my phone while crossing the road next time." “你说得对，”凯莉说，“下 次过马路时，我不会看手机了。” O【参考答案】threw;coloured;aid;X-ray;injury;avoid Read the short story.Retell what happened to a ③©阅读短篇故事。向同伴复述发 partner. invite sb to sp邀请某人去某地 生了什么。 One Saturday,Julie invited Mark 一个周六，朱莉邀请马克和露 and Lucy to her house for lunch.Her 西去她家吃午饭。她的父母不在家， parents weren't home,so they had it 所以他们自己支配一切。他们，点了 all to themselves.They ordered pizza, 比萨饼、沙拉和果汁。但吃到一半 salad,and juice.But in the middle 时，马克开始感觉不舒服。他觉得 of the meal,Mark started to feel strange.His face felt 脸发热，喉咙发紧。 warm,and his throat felt tight. “我们的食物里有花生吗？” "Were there any peanuts in our food?"he asked 他紧张地问。 nervously “我觉得我在沙拉里尝到花生 "I think I tasted peanuts in the salad,"said Julie. 的味道，”朱莉说，“怎么了？” "What's the matter??” “哦，不，我对花生过敏！” "Oh no,I'm allergic to peanuts!"Mark cried.His 马克大喊道。他的朋友们立刻行动 friends jumped into action and took him to the hospital 起来，马上带他去了医院。 at once. 》立刻行动 At the hospital,Mark's 在医院，马克的朋友把发生的 friends told Dr Cooper what 事情告诉了库珀医生，库珀医生立 happened,and she gave Mark 刻给马克开了些药。当马克感觉好 some medicine right away. 一些时，医生问了他一些问题，并 When Mark felt better,the 给了他一些建议。 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 41 doctor asked him some questions and gave him some “从现在起，我会更好地照顾 advice. 自己，”马克承诺道。这是他永远 "I'll take better care of myself from now on,"Mark 不会忘记的一天。 promised.It was a day he would never forget. Read Dr Cooper's questions and advice for Mark. ③6阅读库珀医生给马克的问题和 Imagine how Mark responded.Make notes. 建议。想象马克是如何回答的。 做好笔记。 Dr Cooper Mark 库珀医生 马克 What happened just now? ate something at my friend's place;felt strange 刚才发生了什么事？ 在我朋友家吃了些东西；感觉不舒服 Do you know what you are allergic to? 你知道自己对什么过敏吗？ When did you start to feel sick? 你什么时候开始觉得不舒服的？ How much salad did you eat? 你吃了多少沙拉？ What happened after you ate the salad? 你吃了沙拉之后发生了什么？ You should always check the ingredients of anything you eat or drink. 你应该始终检查你吃或喝的任何东西的成分。 O【参考答案】Yes,Ido.I'm allergic to peanuts. I started to feel sick in the middle of the lunch. I ate a small bowl of salad. My face felt warm and my throat felt tight.I felt really strange. OK,I will.I'll always ask about the ingredients before eating or drinking from now on. Use your notes in 3b to write a conversation between 3©用3b中的笔记写一段库珀医生 Dr Cooper and Mark. 和马克之间的对话。 Mark:Thank you,Dr Cooper.I feel much better now. 马克：谢谢你，库珀医生。我现在 感觉好多了。 Dr Cooper:That's good.What happened just now? 库珀医生：那太好了。刚才发生了 什么事？ Mark:Well,I ate something at my friend's place,and 马克：嗯，我在朋友家吃了点东西， then I started to feel strange. 然后就开始感觉不舒服。 Dr Cooper:Do you know what you were allergic to? 库珀医生：你知道自己对什么过 敏吗？ Mark:Yes,I... 马克：是的，我… 42 随堂笔记人教版8年级英语下册 新知精讲 e语境串记Though life is full of ups and downs, Then he turned on the stove and left the a happy heart helps us act happily every day and oil to heat while he prepared the chicken. finally leads us to true happiness.尽管生活充满 然后他打开炉子，油加热时，他准备鸡肉。 起起落落，但一颗快乐的心会帮我们每天过得 (教材P16) 愉悦，并最终引领我们走向真正的幸福。 知识点1 turn on接通（电流、煤气、水等）： 典例用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 打开 The sheep are eating green grass (happy) 讲解1 turn on为“动词+副词”型短语，名词 on the hillside. 作宾语时，放在on的前后均可；代词作宾语时， 【答案】happily 必须放在turn on之间。 Hey,do you smell something burning?嘿， 》I want to turn on the television.我想打开电 你闻到有东西烧焦的味道了吗？（教材P16) 视机。 知识点3mb3:n/以燃烧；着火n,烧伤 》Which switch do I press to turn it on?我按哪 '过去式和过去分词为burnt、bumt 个开关就能把它打开？ 讲解（1)bum在此处作动词，意为“燃烧； ©知识拓展turm的相关短语： 着火”。常见用法： turn on burn down(被)焚毁 接通（电流、煤气、 turn up 水等)；打开 调高；出现 burn out烧尽；熄灭 turn turn off turn down >The fire burned the old wooden house to the 关掉（水、电或煤气） 调低；拒绝 ground.大火把那座旧木屋烧成了平地。 “Guess what,,”Allen called out happily. >Don't let the candle burn all night..别让蜡烛 “We won!”“你猜怎么着，”艾伦高兴地喊 整晚都燃着。 道，“我们赢了！”（教材P16) (2)bum还可作名词，意为“烧伤”。 知识点2 happily'haeprli/ad,快乐地；高 》She suffered from serious burns to her back.她 兴地 背部受了严重的烧伤。 讲解happily是副词，意为“快乐地；高兴地”。 典例The campfire brightly in the dark, 其形容词形式为happy,意为“快乐的”，名 and we sat around it to keep warm. 词形式为happiness,意为“快乐；幸福”。 A.burns B.burnt >She married the prince and they lived happily C.was burning D.is burning ever after..她与王子成了婚，从此过着幸福 【解析】根据“sat around it'”可知，空处描述 的生活。 过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，故选B。 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 43 “Get water,.quick!”he shouted.“快去拿 What should we do to keep ourselves safe 水！”他喊道。（教材P16) from harm?我们应该做些什么保护自己 知识点4 quick/kwik/ad.快的；迅速的ad 免受伤害？（教材P17) 迅速地；快速地 知识点7五arm/ha:m/n.&y.伤害；损害 讲解（1)quick在此处作副词，修饰动词 、,形容词形式为harmful 意为“有害的 get,意为“迅速地；快速地”。 讲解1(1)harm在此处作名词，意为“伤害； >Come as quick as you can!你尽快过来吧！ 损害”。常见用法： （2)quick还可作形容词，意为“快的；迅 do harm to=be harmful to对.…有害 速的”。 >The court case will do harm to my business. >These cakes are very quick and easy to make. The court case will be harmful to my business. 这些糕饼做起来又快又简单。 这起诉讼案件将损害我的生意。 Allen was about to do so when he stopped (2)harm还可作动词，意为“伤害；损害”。 short..艾伦正要这么做，却突然停住了。（教 》Pollution can harm marine life.污染会伤害海 材P16) 洋生物。 知识点5 be about to即将；正要（做某事） 典例Going to school without having breakfast 讲解be about to do sth意为“即将做某事”， does harm our health. 【答案】to 不可与tomorrow等表示将来的时间状语连用， Suddenly,something hit her hard and threw 但可与when构成“be about to do..when” her to the ground.突然，有东西重重地撞 句型。 在此处，when意为“这时“← 到了她，把她撞倒在地上。（教材P18) >I was about to go to bed when the telephone 知识点8 hit/hit/以碰撞；击；打.打；击； rang.我正要上床睡觉，这时电话响了。 击中 Luckily,James wasn't badly hurt..幸运的 讲解(1)hit在此作动词，意为“碰撞”， 是，詹姆斯伤得不重。（教材P17) 过去式和过去分词都是hit。 知识点6 uckily/'IAkili/adk幸运地 》She hit the table by accident.她不小心撞到了 讲解luckily是副词，意为“幸运地”。 桌子。 >Luckily,nothing valuable was stolen.幸运的 (2)hit作动词，还有“击；打”的意思，常 是，没有贵重物品失窃。 见用法：hit sb on/in+身体部位 ◆语境串记We all hope for good luck.Tobe 硬部位用on,软部位用in 》He hit the ball as hard as he could.他用力击球。 lucky,we need to try.Luckily,hard work pays 》The boy hit me on the head..那个男孩打了我 off.Unluckily,,laziness brings nothing..我们都期 的头。 盼好运。想要变得幸运，我们需要付出努力。 (3)hit还有名词的用法，意为“打；击；击中”。 幸运的是，努力工作会有回报。不幸的是，懒 》He made the winning hit.他击出了致胜的 惰终将一无所获。 一球。 44 随堂笔记人教版8年级英语下册 ☑知识拓展hit作名词，还有“成功的事物” 讲解（1)check在此处作动词，意为“检查； 的意思。 查明”。常见用法： 》The song became a huge hit worldwide.这首歌 check in登记；报到 在全球大火。 check out核实；查证 You should always check the ingredients We always check people's addresses as a of anything you eat or drink.你应该始终 matter of course.我们总是照例检查一下人们 检查你吃或喝的任何东西的成分。（教材 的地址。 P19) (2)check还可作名词，意为“检查；调查”。 知识点9 check/tfek/g检查；查明.检查； 》Could you give the tyres a check?你能检查一 调查 下轮胎吗？ 课后·提升笔记 知识回顾 核心词汇 重要短语 1.catch fire着火 l.happily adv.快乐地；高兴地happy ad.快 2.turn on接通(（电流、煤气、水等)；打开 乐的一happiness n.快乐；幸福 3.no way不可能；没门 2.bumv燃烧；着火n.烧伤一burnt ad.烧坏 4.on fire着火；起火 的；烧伤的；烫伤的 5.stop short突然停住 6.first aid急救 3.harm n.&v.伤害；损害-harmful ad.有 7.eat out上馆子吃饭；在外用餐 害的 8.from now on从现在起 4.pain n.疼痛；痛苦一painful adj.令人痛苦的； 用法总结 (身体部位)疼痛的 1.过去分词作状语 5.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事k使震惊；使 2.be about to即将；正要（做某事) 惊愕一shocked ad.震惊的 3.invite sb to sp邀请某人去某地 知识运用 一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 2.When the child saw her parents waiting at the 1.He fell down while skating,but (luck), school gate,she ran to them (happy). he didn't hurt himself badly. 3.The small candle (burn)all night long. Unit 2 Stay Healthy 45Section B How should we stay safe? 知识运用 -1.luckily 2.happily 3.burnt Unit 3 Section A What makes you upset? 知识运用 -1.lonely 2.control 3.advised 4.standards 5.present 二、l.shocked2.hurtful3.forgive 4.pressure 5.clearly 6.anger 7.lonely 8.Lastly 三、1-5 AABAB 四、l.get across2.plenty of 3.was shut away 4.deal with 5.on purpose 6.put yourself in his shoes 4.themselves 5.hurts 二、1.lie down2.is about to3.check 三、l.because2.hurts3.carefully 4.healthy 5.importance 6.for 7.eating 8.a 9.reduce 10.better Growing Up 五、1-5 CABED Section B How can we stay positive? 知识运用d 一、l.score2.entered/enters 3.bully 4.everybody 5.coach 6.bit 7.awake 二、1.rang 2.decision 3.thankful 4.differently 5.anybody 三、1.shout at2.Take back 3.pull together 4.felt blue 5.Take a deep breath 四、14BBAA 五、1.with2.How3.to4.or5.the 2