抢分03 阅读理解之说明文（抢分专练）（辽宁专用）2026年中考英语终极冲刺讲练测

抢分03 阅读理解之说明文（辽宁专用） 抢分预测 抢分秘籍 抢分特训 2年考情 抢分依据 命题预测 2025年 赤脚行走的好处及建议 2024年 介绍家养绿植的相关信息 1. 选材生活化、轻量化：近两年真题均围绕日常生活场景展开。 注重考查应用文体（均为回信），要求语言简洁、逻辑清晰。 2. 紧扣时代热点，避开敏感话题：弱化硬核科技、国际争议话题，选材积极正向，贴合立德树人导向。 题目常隐含“立德树人”导向，有益于青少年身心健康。 题材趋势： 1.绿色低碳 ： 垃圾分类、节约资源、低碳出行、塑料污染治理。 2.智能生活： 人工智能日常应用、数字阅读、简易科普。 3.中外文化融合： 中国传统节日、非遗文化、传统手工艺、中外礼仪差异、饮食文化科普。 4.青少年健康成长 科学运动、睡眠健康、网络使用规范、情绪调节、远离焦虑、合理用眼。 第一步：通读全文，把握脉络快速读首尾段 + 每段首句，明确：说明对象是什么、有什么特点、分几方面介绍。标记：数字、时间、转折词（but, however, though）、因果词（so, because）、定义词（is called, means）。 第二步：审题定位，精准突破（分题型技巧） （1） 细节理解题：一找二定三核对找关键词：题干中的数字、地名、专有名词、大写字母、特殊短语。定位原文：回文快速扫读，找到对应句子。排除干扰：无中生有、张冠李戴、绝对化（only, all, never）。 （2） 推理判断题：立足原文，合理推断情感态度：抓形容词、副词、评价性表达。因果推断：找 because, so, as a result, therefore, lead to。作者意图：看结尾总结、专家观点、建议句，提炼道理。 （3） 主旨 / 标题题：抓核心，避陷阱标题三原则：概括性、针对性、醒目性。排除只对应某一段的选项。排除范围过大 / 过小的选项。排除无关关键词、偏离主题的选项。 （4）词义 / 代词猜测题：语境为王代词指代：就近原则，往前看 1–2 句，找单 / 复数匹配的名词事件。逻辑线索：and, but, however, instead（并列 / 转折）。定义线索：that is, in other words, such as, is called。因果线索：because, so, lead to。 第三步：比对验证，排除干扰 将圈画的题干关键词与原文信息逐一对应，重点排查三类干扰项： 1. 偷换概念 2. 信息拼凑 3. 绝对化表述 第四步：复核检查，规避失误 抢分01 青少年健康成长 1． 【新情境】 Fear of failure is one of the most common emotions that hold people back from running after their dreams, which prevents them from taking risks and trying new things. The fear of being seen as a failure often drives people to stay within their comfort zones. It is human nature to feel afraid of failure, but letting this fear control us can limit our growth greatly. When we understand and accept failure’s role in our journey, we can face challenges with a more positive attitude, and gain wisdom from our experiences. Viewing failure as a learning opportunity can lead to profound personal growth and development. Instead of feeling discouraged when things go wrong, we can choose to view setbacks as necessary steps toward success. This mindset shift is important for building resilience (韧性) —it empowers us to see difficulties as lessons to learn from, not barriers (阻碍) to stop us. Building resilience through failure is a key part of growing into a capable person. It actually offers valuable chances to reflect and improve. When we use failure as a catalyst (催化剂) for career growth, we learn to adapt to change, stick to our goals through hard times, and find new paths to what we want to achieve. This way of thinking gives us the strength and resolve to overcome life’s difficulties. Failure also helps improve our creativity and problem-solving skills. When we accept that failure is a natural part of learning, we open our minds to new ideas and possibilities. This encourages us to think outside the box, test new ways, and expand our abilities. Adapting to failure to get better results leads to innovation (创新) and growth, turning our mistakes into meaningful lessons. The journey of embracing (拥抱) failure is exemplified by real-life examples, both of individuals and companies. Successful individuals often say their achievements come directly from the lessons they learned from past mistakes. Similarly, innovative companies that have grown big usually have a history of conquering many setbacks. These examples prove that embracing failure can lead to amazing growth and success. To truly gain from failure, we need simple, actionable plans. First, create a safe space where it’s okay to take risks and make mistakes—this lets us try new things without fear. Second, take time to analyze (分析) what went wrong and figure out how to avoid similar mistakes later. Most importantly, choose a growth mindset: see setbacks as chances to learn, not as proof of our limits. In the end, embracing failure is important for both personal and career growth. With a positive attitude toward failure, we can overcome challenges, learn valuable lessons, and build a more successful and fulfilling life. 1．According to the passage, which is a good way to face failures? A．Avoiding taking any risks to prevent mistakes. B．Viewing failures as barriers when things go wrong. C．Analyzing what caused the failures to avoid repeating them. D．Staying in the comfort zones to stop moving forward. 2．What are Paragraphs 3-4 mainly talking about? A．New findings in building resilience. B．The rules for finding new paths to success. C．The best solutions to life’s problems. D．The role of failure in personal growth. 3．What does the word “conquering” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A．Getting through. B．Staying away from. C．Finding out. D．Giving up. 4．What does the writer want to tell us? A．People should avoid failures in order to achieve success. B．People should turn failures into growth opportunities. C．People should accept failures to take more risks. D．People should be in a safe place to avoid making mistakes. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了恐惧失败对人的阻碍，以及拥抱失败的重要意义，阐述了失败在个人成长、韧性培养、创造力提升等方面的作用，并给出了从失败中获益的具体方法，告诉人们应将失败转化为成长的机会。 1．文章第六段指出“Second, take time to analyze what went wrong and figure out how to avoid similar mistakes later.”，说明面对失败的一个好方法是分析失败的原因，避免再次犯类似的错误。 2．第三段主要讲了通过失败培养韧性是成长为有能力的人的关键部分，失败能提供反思和改进的机会，助力职业成长；第四段主要讲了失败有助于提高创造力和解决问题的能力，能让人开放思维、尝试新方法。两段均围绕“失败在个人成长中的作用”展开。 3．文章第五段提到“Successful individuals often say their achievements come directly from the lessons they learned from past mistakes. Similarly, innovative companies that have grown big usually have a history of conquering many setbacks.”，结合语境可知，成功的个人从过去的错误中学习，同样，发展壮大的创新公司通常也有克服许多挫折的历史。由此可推测“conquering”意为“克服、度过”。 4．文章开篇点明恐惧失败会阻碍人们追求梦想，随后阐述了将失败视为学习机会能促进个人成长、培养韧性、提升创造力，还给出了从失败中获益的方法，结尾总结拥抱失败对个人和职业成长都很重要。整体核心是告诉人们应该将失败转化为成长的机会。 2． 【新情境】 Founded by singer, author and broadcaster Cerys Matthews, the Good Life Experience is all about connecting guests with things that really matter, through music, food, literature, ideas, workshops and the great outdoors. It’s a festival that feels both timely and necessary. In an age of deliberately designed online lives, it offers something genuine: the chance to light a campfire, learn a craft from an expert, share stories face-to-face, or simply enjoy a moment of collective silence under the stars. The event, held on a beautiful country estate in Wales, is built on the belief that happiness is found in participation and creation, not just consumption. Its programme, accordingly, is a thoughtfully curated (筹办) mix of the hands-on and the inspirational. You might find yourself learning to forge a knife one hour, and listening to a celebrated author read by the river the next. There are workshops in leather-working and woodcraft, opportunities to try wild swimming, and countless campfires around which strangers become friends through conversation. The food stalls prioritize local and seasonal produce, and the music stages feature everything from folk to soul, often inviting audience participation. “We wanted to create a space where people could switch off from the digital noise and reconnect with their own hands, minds, and with each other,” says Matthews. “It’s about the joy of making something, the satisfaction of learning a skill your ancestors might have known, and the deep connections that form when you share that experience.” The festival challenges the modern idea of entertainment as a passive activity. It’s a cure for the speed and isolation of contemporary life, promoting slowness, skill-sharing, and community. It’s an example of a richer, more connected way of living. 1．Why did the author describe the festival as timely and necessary? A．Because it promotes Welsh tourism. B．Because it was founded by a famous singer. C．Because it promotes hands-on activities. D．Because it resists unreal online lives. 2．What is the core value of the Good Life Experience? A．Passive enjoyment of wonderful scenery. B．Consumption of expensive local produce. C．Active participation and connection between people. D．Promotion of digital entertainment culture. 3．What can we learn about the programs of the festival? A．They are all held indoors due to weather concerns. B．They mix practical activities with inspiring talks. C．They focus mostly on digital entertainment. D．They need professional skills to join in. 4．What can we infer from Cerys Matthews’ words? A．She hopes people can escape digital noise. B．She thinks ancestors’ skills are outdated. C．She prefers online interaction to face-to-face talks. D．She aims to make the festival a commercial success. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了由Cerys Matthews创办的“The Good Life Experience”节日，其核心是通过音乐、美食、手工等线下活动，让人们远离数字噪音，回归真实生活与人际联系。   1．由第二段“It’s a festival that feels both timely and necessary. In an age of deliberately designed online lives, it offers something genuine”，在人们沉迷于精心设计的线上生活的时代，这个节日提供真实的体验，抵制不真实的线上生活。 2．由第三段“…is built on the belief that happiness is found in participation and creation, not just consumption”和“strangers become friends through conversation”可知，节日的核心价值是积极参与和人与人之间的联系。 3．由第三段“Its programme, accordingly, is a thoughtfully curated mix of the hands-on and the inspirational.”可知，节日活动混合了实践活动和鼓舞人心的活动。 4．由第四段“We wanted to create a space where people could switch off from the digital noise and reconnect with their own hands, minds, and with each other”可知，Cerys Matthews希望人们能逃离数字噪音，回归真实的线下联系。 3． 【新情境﹡追求时尚】 Which is more important in your mind, looking fashionable (时髦的) or feeling comfortable? You may find many people choose style over comfort and some even go to extremes(极端) to follow fashion. But we should remember：being fashionable isn’t everything. It’s more important to be healthy. Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So they start extreme diets(饮食) that are not good for their health. They might not eat meals or eat too little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way to live? Also, many girls wear shoes with very high heels (鞋跟). They might think high heels make them look taller. But these shoes can hurt their feet and make it hard to walk comfortably, and they can increase the risk of falls. Some even wear tight clothes that influence blood circulation(循环), making it hard to breathe. Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health? Besides, some boys and girls spend a lot of time and money changing their hair colors. The material they use to change hair colors is usually harmful to their health. To make their hair straight or curly, they also use tools that are hot enough to burn their hair. But using these tools too often or at very high temperatures can make the hair dry or even burnt. Is it really worth risking our health, spending so much time and money? So, let’s think again what’s really important. Is it fashion or is it our well-being?Remember, health comes first. Instead of following extreme diets, let’s eat properly and exercise every day. And instead of spending a lot of time choosing clothes, we could use the time to do fun things with friends. Clothes or hairstyles don’t tell us anything about a person’s character. Your value is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person. 1．Why do some people go on extreme diets? A．Because they want to look good B．Because they want to save time. C．Because the diets are healthy. D．Because they want to save money. 2．Why does the writer use a question in each paragraph? A．To get answers from readers. B．To lead readers to think deeply. C．To introduce the latest fashion. D．To let readers start extreme diets. 3．What can we infer(推断) from the passage? A．People who wear high heels will protect themselves from falling down. B．Changing hair colors never does harm to people’s health. C．A person’s value doesn’t depend on his appearance. D．People should spend so much time and money to look fashionable(时髦的)or feel comfortable. 4．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Straight or Curly. B．Harmful or Colorful. C．Healthy or Sick D．Fashionable or Comfortable. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】文章主要讲述：许多人为了追求时髦、外表好看，不惜采取极端节食、穿高跟鞋、紧身衣、频繁染发等行为，作者认为舒适远比时髦重要，并告诉我们人的价值不取决于外表，而在于内在。 1．根据第二段“Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So they start extreme diets that are not good for their health.”可知，有些人认为需要特定身材才能看起来好看，所以才进行极端节食。 2．作者用问句不是要答案，而是引导读者深入思考：健康和时尚哪个更重要。 3．根据第五段“Your value is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person.”可知，一个人的价值不取决于外表。 4．文章第一句“Which is more important in your mind, looking fashionable or feeling comfortable?”是全文的中心， 全文都在对比追求时髦和舒适哪个更重要。 4． 【新情境】 ① Life is full of moments, but some are “special” and stay in our hearts forever. For example, the first time you rode a bike alone, a friend’s hug when you were sad, or in the evening talking with family. These moments aren’t always big, but they change how we feel about ourselves and the world. ② Special moments are like treasures. We don’t need to write them down—our hearts remember them. A teacher might praise a shy student’s drawing, making the child feel important. A parent could bake cookies with you on a rainy day, filling the kitchen with laughter. Even strangers can create them: a barista who knows your coffee order, or a neighbor who helps carry groceries(杂货). These small acts stay in our minds because they make us feel loved. ③ Businesses also use special moments. A café might play soft music and serve warm cookies on cold days to make customers feel welcome. A bookstore could hold story time for kids every weekend, turning a visit into a happy memory. An ice-cream shop lets customers decorate their own cones(冰激凌蛋筒)—seeing a child smile while adding something is a moment everyone remembers. ④ In the end, special moments are everywhere. They don’t need money or planning—just a little care. A kind word, a smile, or a small surprise can make life richer. So take time to enjoy these moments—they make life worth living. 1．What does the passage say about special moments? A．They are always big and exciting. B．We can keep the special moments in mind. C．We need to write them down to remember. D．They have nothing to do with how we feel. 2．What does the ice-cream shop probably do according to the passage? A．Refuses to let kids enter. B．Closes early on weekends. C．Sells the cheapest ice-cream. D．Creates ice-cream moments for guests. 3．Which of the following would be the best structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．How to use the power of the moment. B．Why people forget small moments. C．When to plan big and exciting events. D．Where to find the most expensive treasures. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了生活中的“特殊时刻”，阐述了特殊时刻的意义、来源，并呼吁人们珍惜这些让生活更有价值的温暖瞬间。 1．第二段第一句指出：“Special moments are like treasures. We don’t need to write them down—our hearts remember them.”，这直接说明我们可以将这些特殊的时刻铭记于心。 2．第三段最后一句说明：“An ice-cream shop lets customers decorate their own cones (冰激凌蛋筒)—seeing a child smile while adding something is a moment everyone remembers.”，这表明冰淇淋店为顾客创造专属的冰淇淋美好时刻。 3．分析文章结构：第一段①引出“特殊时刻”的话题，总起全文；第二段②介绍个人生活中的特殊时刻，第三段③介绍商家创造的特殊时刻，二者为并列的分述内容；第四段④总结全文，呼吁人们珍惜特殊时刻。因此文章为“总-分-总”结构。 4．通读全文，文章围绕“生活中的特殊时刻”展开，介绍了特殊时刻的意义、来源，并呼吁人们珍惜这些时刻，利用这些时刻的力量让生活更丰富。 5． 【新情境】 Nowadays, many people are choosing to refill (再填充) their old bottles instead of throwing them away. At special stores, customers bring their own clean containers (容器) to fill with soap, shampoo or cleaning liquids. They only pay for the weight of the product they add. This way, no new plastic packaging is created. Some customers have used the same bottle for six years, which saves much money and stops a lot of waste. ▲ Years ago, people returned glass bottles for milk, soda and beer. This allowed the bottles to be reused. However, companies later started to use plastic and paper packaging because they were cheaper and easier to handle. Today, the idea of reusing is coming back. More companies sell some products without any packaging. Meanwhile (与此同时), there are more and more kinds of cool, strong, and useful reusable bottles and containers in the market now. These products are made to be used again and again. However, refill systems still face challenges. Cleaning and collecting the bottles takes time, work, and money. It can make the products more expensive. Experts say that reusing is better than recycling, but only if people use the container many times. For example, a heavy ceramic (陶瓷的) coffee cup must be used over 20 times to be truly better for the environment than a paper cup. Also, if you drive about 30 miles just to refill a bottle, the car pollution might cancel out the environmental benefit. Even though refilling is not perfect, it has become a popular lifestyle. On social media, many people share photos and videos of how they refill their bottles. Bringing your own bottle is more than just a useful habit—it shows that you care about the environment. When more people are doing the same, that really can make a difference. 1．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To tell people how to save money and time by refilling. B．To teach us how to clean and collect old bottles for refilling. C．To explain the differences between refilling, recycling and reusing. D．To introduce the refilling lifestyle to spread an environmental idea. 2．Which of the following can be put in ▲ in paragraph 2? A．This idea is not new. B．It’s a wonderful idea. C．The idea helps a lot. D．The idea doesn’t work. 3．What methods does the writer use to explain the problems refill systems face? ① Giving examples ② Listing numbers ③ Explaining meanings ④ Comparing things A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 4．Based on this passage, which project is proper for Jim, a student, to carry out as a social practice? A．Open a Bottle Return Shop. B．DIY a Paper Cup for Your Friend. C．Bring Your Own Bottles to School. D．Collect Bottles for Kindness and Future. 【答案】77．D 78．A 79．B 80．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕“容器再填充”这一生活方式展开，介绍了它的现状、历史、面临的挑战以及环保意义。 1．根据文章最后一段“Bringing your own bottle is more than just a useful habit—it shows that you care about the environment. When more people are doing the same, that really can make a difference.”可知，文章旨在介绍再填充的生活方式并传递环保理念。 2．根据第二段横线后“Years ago, people returned glass bottles for milk, soda and beer.”可知，再利用的想法在很久以前就已存在，因此横线处应表达“这个想法并不新鲜”。 3．根据第三段“For example, a heavy ceramic coffee cup must be used over 20 times... Also, if you drive about 30 miles just to refill a bottle... reusing is better than recycling...”可知，作者使用了举例、列数字和对比的方法，未出现解释含义的方法。 4．根据文章内容，核心是倡导自带容器、减少包装浪费的环保行为，“自带瓶子上学”直接呼应了这一理念，是学生可实施的社会实践。 抢分02 科普与文化 1． 【新情境·科学探究】 ①Do you like blueberries (蓝莓)? Have you ever wondered why these tiny berries appear such a bright blue color while their flesh is clearly white? If so, the next time you’re about to enjoy these delicious berries, take a good look at them. Then ask yourself: Are blueberries really blue? ②For the most part, blueberries aren’t blue. If you carefully peel (剥) the skin off one, you’ll see that the flesh inside is white. If you rub the inside of the skin on a white piece of paper, you’ll see a reddish-purple color. And if you gently rub the outside of a blueberry, the blue color disappears and the berry looks almost black. But the moment you pick one, it does look blue. What’s going on? ③Well, there are two ways to create colors. The first is through pigments, which are things that can show the color of the light they don’t take in. The most usual thing in plants is chlorophyll (叶绿素), a green pigment. Plant leaves appear green because chlorophyll doesn’t take in green light. Instead, it sends it out while taking in blue and red light. Plants prefer to take in blue light because it has more energy than any other light. In fact, there aren’t any “true blue” pigments in the plant world. ④The second way to make color is through “structural color.” This happens when the structure of a surface makes some colors of light look different. Have you ever seen the rainbow colors on a CD? These colors show up because of the tiny spaces between the disk’s thin layers. These spaces only allow certain colors to reach our eyes. ⑤Now your bowl of blueberries suddenly looks a lot more interesting. The fruit is beautiful, but its beauty is only skin deep! 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving examples. C．By explaining reasons. D．By asking questions. 2．What does the word “pigments” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Places that plants grow. B．Energy that helps plants grow. C．Light that plants take in. D．Things that give colors to plants. 3．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Why blueberries appear blue. B．How blueberries got their name. C．Why blueberries taste delicious. D．How blueberries spread their seeds. 4．Which is the best structure of the passage? A．①→②→③→④→⑤ B．①②→③④→⑤ C．①→②→③④→⑤ D．①→②③→④→⑤ 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文通过提问引出蓝莓的蓝色之谜，解释了蓝莓并非真正呈蓝色的原因，并介绍了植物呈现颜色的两种方式：色素和结构色。 1．文章开头用“Do you like blueberries? Have you ever wondered why these tiny berries appear such a bright blue color… Are blueberries really blue?”这一系列问句引入话题，属于通过提问的方式开启文章。 2．第3段中“pigments, which are things that can show the color of the light they don’t take in”对该词进行了解释，说明pigments是植物中呈现颜色的物质，即给植物赋予颜色的东西。 3．全文围绕“蓝莓为什么看起来是蓝色的”展开，从现象到原理进行解释，因此文章主旨是说明蓝莓呈现蓝色的原因。 4．文章结构为：①通过提问引出蓝莓颜色的问题 → ②说明蓝莓的实际颜色与表现出的蓝色现象 → ③-④分别介绍植物呈现颜色的两种方式（色素、结构色） → ⑤总结蓝莓的美仅停留在表皮，对应结构①→②→③④→⑤。 2． 【新情境·文化传播】 Many people waited in line outside a new Mixue (蜜雪) store in New York. It was cold, but they still waited. This shows that Chinese tea drinks are becoming popular in the US. Mixue sells cheap drinks, like a $1.19 ice cream. This is very different from expensive local coffee. But low price is not the only reason for its success. Other Chinese tea shops like HeyTea (喜茶) also have long lines. Their drinks cost about $10. One reason is that young Americans are interested in foods from other countries. For example, HeyTea’s store in Times Square sells over 2,000 cups every day. That is much more than a usual coffee shop. These tea shops are growing fast. HeyTea had only a few stores in the US at the start of this year. Now it has over 30 shops. A worker at HeyTea said, “You might think most customers are Asians, but in fact, we have people from all over the world.” These shops want to be more international. They hire local people so that everyone can talk easily. For Chinese people living in the US, these drinks remind people of home. One customer said, “Seeing Mixue here makes me feel closer to home.” For others, it is about trying new tastes. A student said, “You can try different things like grass jelly (果冻). They are very nice.” These shops also help people from different cultures know one another. As one young customer said, “People get to see a different side of the world.” 1．How much does an ice-cream at Mixue usually cost in the US? A．$1.19. B．$10. C．$20. D．$30. 2．According to Paragraph 2, why are Chinese tea drinks becoming popular in the US? A．Because their drinks are very cheap. B．Because they have many stores in the US. C．Because young Americans like foreign foods. D．Because people can try different things. 3．What does the word “hire” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．To talk with someone. B．To kick someone off. C．To be friends with someone. D．To give a job to someone. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Chinese tea drinks are only popular among Chinese people. B．These drinks remind people of home and help share cultures. C．American students do not like Chinese tea drinks. D．It is very hard to find Chinese tea shops in the US now. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文介绍中国茶饮店在美走红，受不同人群喜爱，既慰藉华人乡愁，也促进文化交流。 1．第一段提到：“Mixue sells cheap drinks, like a $1.19 ice cream”，蜜雪冰淇淋的价格是$1.19一个。 2．第二段说明原因：“One reason is that young Americans are interested in foods from other countries”，美国年轻人对外国食物感兴趣。 3．第三段提到：“They hire local people so that everyone can talk easily”，根据“方便大家顺畅交流”可推断，店铺需要雇佣当地人来工作，hire意为“雇佣，给某人提供工作”。 4．最后一段总结：“these drinks remind people of home”和“help people from different cultures know one another”，这些饮品让人想家并促进文化交流。 3． 【新情境】 The importance of biodiversity (生物多样性) What is biodiversity? You can think of it as a big family album (相册) that has photos of all the living things on the earth, from plants to animals, from fungi (真菌) to humans. The UN said that the biodiversity we see today is the result of 4.5 billion years of evolution (进化). Biodiversity is a web of life in which all species (物种) have their role. It is important because we depend on nature for so many things. According to the UN, more than 1 billion people depend on forests for their living. The loss (亏损) of biodiversity influences us directly. For example, if there are fewer animals that eat harmful insects, the insects will grow in number. This can harm our crops and make it hard for us to get enough food. Biodiversity usually grows slowly, but it can drop fast. According to a 2016 report of the World Wildlife Fund (基金会), the number of vertebrate animals (脊椎动物) went down by 58 percent between 1970 and 2012. Some scientists said that by the end of the 21st century, 5 percent of species will die out. ________ While extinction (灭绝) is natural, human activities like pollution and growing food, have already changed the conditions of the land. About 85 percent of wetlands have gone away, according to the UN. To help with the problem, the UN has asked the whole world to work together. In China, more than 300 endangered wildlife animals, including Asian elephants, have seen their numbers rise in 2025, said Xinhua. “Ecological civilization (生态文明) plays a big part in Chinese direction,” Inger Andersen with the UNEP (联合国环境规划署) told Xinhua. “And we look forward to that direction forming a part of the global direction for an ecological balance (平衡) with our planet.” 1．Why is biodiversity important according to the passage? A．Because it grows slowly but it can drop fast. B．Because it is a big family album with photos of all the living things on the earth. C．Because it plays an important role in protecting nature and supporting human life. D．Because it is the result of 4.5 billion years of evolution. 2．What does the example in Paragraph 3 show? A．We should keep more animals to eat harmful insects. B．The loss of biodiversity can lead to food problems. C．Biodiversity has nothing to do with food production. D．Biodiversity usually grows fast, but it can drop slowly. 3．Which of the following can be put in ________? A．Calling the world to work together B．Protecting biodiversity in China C．Keeping the balance of nature D．Reducing the humans’ activities 4．What can we learn from the text? A．Biodiversity grows and drops at a similar speed. B．Human activities like pollution have a bad influence on biodiversity. C．The number of vertebrate animals has increased by 58% from 1970 to 2012. D．In China, less than 300 endangered wildlife animals have seen their numbers rise in 2025. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了生物多样性的含义与重要性，阐述生物多样性锐减的现状、人类活动造成的破坏，并提及全球及中国为保护生态与物种做出的努力。 1．第二段指出：“Biodiversity is a web of life... It is important because we depend on nature for so many things.”，说明生物多样性维系自然运转、供给人类生存所需，对应保护自然与支撑人类生活。 2．第三段指出：“The loss of biodiversity influences us directly... This can harm our crops and make it hard for us to get enough food.”，举例说明生物多样性减少会危害农作物，引发粮食问题。 3．根据上下文可知，空缺前的内容主要讲生物多样性丧失的严重性（如物种锐减、湿地消失等），空缺后的段落提到联合国呼吁全球合作，并列举了中国的保护成果，因此，空缺处应是一个过渡句，从“问题”转向“解决方案”，A选项“呼吁全球合作”最符合这一逻辑。 4．第六段指出：“human activities like pollution and growing food, has already changed the conditions of the land.”，表明污染等人类活动对生物多样性存在负面影响。 抢分03 方法、策略 1． 【新情境】 For many teenagers, growing up means stepping out of family life to build friendships. Hanging out after school and sharing secrets may seem like simple fun, but scientists say these experiences are important as they shape a teen’s “social brain”—the system for understanding others and managing feelings. Recently, however, teens in many places spend far less time face-to-face with friends, mainly connecting through screens instead. Being alone from time to time is not necessarily bad, but the social habit of overusing screens often leads to a serious problem: long-term social isolation. In such a situation, teens are unwilling to be with people their age and hardly have meaningful face-to-face communication outside the home, which is quite different from choosing to be alone voluntarily. During the teenage years, the brain changes rapidly and strengthens connections between its different areas. It is in this period that the social brain becomes better at reading facial expressions, understanding others’ thoughts, and making proper behavioral choices. One researcher compares this process to language learning: the brain is born with such an ability, yet it still requires plenty of practice to use the ability properly. Similarly, teenagers need real-life social connections to improve the systems supporting their social understanding and behavior. Scientists have been carrying out long-term studies to explore the effects of social isolation on teenagers. They follow large groups of teens, collecting both brain scans and daily-life information. In one recent project, researchers compared the brain scans of socially isolated teens with those of teens who had more face-to-face social activities, and used parents’ reports to judge the social isolation levels of these teens, such as whether they often stayed away from group activities. There were worrying differences: teenagers with long-term social isolation had underdeveloped signs in brain areas related to social understanding and emotional control. Surprisingly, brain areas for attention and decision-making also performed poorly, something that researchers had not expected, as they never thought isolation would harm so many brain parts. This finding matters because these negative changes during the teenage years can leave long-lasting effects on a developing brain, making it harder for them to succeed in the future. The hopeful news is that teenage brains can still be shaped, so early support can reduce the risks of long-term social isolation. This can be achieved by offering teens more opportunities to socialize or asking a trusted adult or a doctor for help. What matters most is that teenagers keep meaningful face-to-face connections with others their age, and with proper support and balance, most can develop healthy social habits that benefit both their brains and overall well-being. 1．What does the word “isolation” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．A feeling of being lonely. B．A preference for quiet environments. C．A habit of avoiding group activities. D．A state of staying away from others. 2．Which of the experiences listed below is the most helpful for a teen’s social brain? A．Planting a tree in the backyard with a family member. B．Learning how to play the piano with a private teacher. C．Joining a football club and practising together at school. D．Communicating with friends mainly through social media. 3．What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A．The methods researchers used to collect information from teens. B．The findings about brain areas influenced by long-term isolation. C．The solutions to prevent long-term social isolation among teenagers. D．The reasons why teenagers prefer staying alone instead of going out. 4．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．Being alone voluntarily leads to negative emotions. B．Timely help protects teenagers from lasting brain harm. C．Using screens sometimes is harmful to the social brain. D．Social isolation mainly influences social understanding. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了青少年长期社交隔离对大脑发育的负面影响，以及早期干预的重要性。 1．第二段提到“the social habit of overusing screens often leads to a serious problem: long-term social isolation. In such a situation, teens are unwilling to be with people their age and hardly have meaningful face-to-face communication outside the home”，“长期社交隔离”是青少年过度使用屏幕导致的严重问题，表现为不愿意与同龄人在一起，几乎没有有意义的面对面交流。因此“isolation”意为“远离他人的状态”。 2．第三段提到“Similarly, teenagers need real-life social connections to improve the systems supporting their social understanding and behavior”，说明现实生活中的社交联系对青少年社交大脑有帮助。C选项“加入足球俱乐部并在学校一起训练”是与同龄人进行的现实社交活动，对青少年社交大脑最有帮助。 3．第五段开头提到“There were worrying differences: teenagers with long-term social isolation had underdeveloped signs in brain areas related to social understanding and emotional control...”，接着阐述了这些发现的重要性，所以第五段主要讲的是关于长期隔离影响的大脑区域的研究发现。 4．最后一段指出“teenage brains can still be shaped, so early support can reduce the risks”，说明及时的帮助可以保护青少年免受持久的大脑伤害。 2． 【新情境】 ①These days, teenagers have a lot of pressure, from school to family. When stress comes, it’s easy to forget to care for themselves. Here are some ways for keeping your body and mind healthy. ②Spend time each day doing relaxing activities. Meditation (冥想) is a good way because it makes you relaxed. You can also try yoga which helps to keep your body and mind relaxed. If you don’t like meditation or yoga, then try swimming or running. Such exercise can help to improve your physical health and reduce your stress. ③Try to get more sleep. Most teenagers need eight to nine hours of sleep a night to show the best in themselves. Sleep and wake up at regular times as well so that your body can follow a regular sleep habit. ④Connect with nature. Spending time outside can help to cheer you up and make you think about life in a different way. So climb mountains, ride your bike, or simply take a walk in the park. Take your eyes off your books and you need to look at the trees and sky. ⑤Pay attention to what you eat. Poor food can make you feel weak and unhappy, while healthy food energizes you. Try to cut down the number of snacks and fast food which usually include salt, sugar, and solid fats. Eat more healthy foods like fresh nuts, fruits, and vegetables. ⑥These steps don’t take a lot of time or effort. However, they will make a difference in improving your mental and physical health. 1．Which of the following are mentioned as relaxing activities? ①Meditation.    ②Yoga.    ③Sleeping.    ④Running. A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④ 2．What can we know from the passage? A．These days most teenagers pay much attention to their health. B．It’s necessary for teenagers to sleep for eight to nine hours a night. C．The writer thinks teenagers shouldn’t eat snacks or fast food. D．Yoga isn’t so good for improving health as swimming or running. 3．Which of the following can show the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To ask teenagers to study harder at school. B．To explain why teenagers have a lot of pressure. C．To let teenagers do exercise as much as possible. D．To tell teenagers how to deal with pressure and stay healthy. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，针对当下青少年面临学业与家庭双重压力、易忽视自我健康管理的现状，给出了4 条保持身心健康的实用方法，同时说明这些方法简单易行，无需耗费过多时间精力，就能有效改善青少年的身心状态。 1．定位到文章第二段，明确提到了放松活动包括冥想（Meditation）、瑜伽（Yoga）、游泳或跑步（running），对应题干中的①②④；睡觉是文章单独列出的健康方法，不属于此处的放松活动。 2．A选项与文章首段 “it’s easy to forget to care for themselves”表述相悖，错误；B选项对应第三段 “Most teenagers need eight to nine hours of sleep a night to show the best in themselves”，说明青少年每晚保证8-9小时睡眠是必要的，正确；C选项偷换概念，第五段是建议“减少零食和快餐的摄入”，而非完全不能吃，错误；D选项无中生有，文中并未对比瑜伽与游泳、跑步的健康效果，仅将其都列为推荐的放松活动，错误。因此答案为B。 3．本文为典型的 “总—分—总” 结构：第①段总起，点明青少年的压力现状，引出保持身心健康的方法；第②-⑤段为分述，分别介绍了放松活动、充足睡眠、亲近自然、健康饮食 4 条具体方法；第⑥段总结，强调这些方法对改善身心健康的作用。对应结构为①总起、②③④⑤分述、⑥总结，符合选项A的结构。 4．全文核心是向青少年介绍应对压力、保持身心健康的具体方法，因此写作目的对应D选项。 3． 【新情境】 Our kids are the future. They have the right to learn about our country. It is your responsibility, as a parent, to make sure your kids know about the economy. Here are some tips to help you teach your kids about economy. Join Learning Activities. One of the best ways to teach a child something is to develop his brain with fun activities. The game of Monopoly (大富翁) is a great way to explain the simple knowledge of finances (金融). Your local library may also have fun activities or books that can help you teach your child about the economy. Have Daily Conversations. Repetition is the key to learning about the economy. At first, you should talk about its rules, such as how money works or how loans (贷款) work. After that, you can explain some important terms (术语) and why they are important. Answer Every Question with a Simple Explanation. Your children will have a hard time to understand difficult words and sentences. You need to do your best to explain things in very simple words and terms. It can help children understand easily. Take Your Kids on Field Trips. Sometimes, the best way to learn something is to see it. For example, if you take your kids to a museum of American history, you can show them how different the economy was at different times in the nation’s history. 1．What is the best way for parents to develop their children’s brain in a fun way? A．Join Learning Activities. B．Have Daily Conversations. C．Answer Every Question with a Simple Explanation. D．Take Your Kids on Field Trips. 2．The underlined word “that” refers to ________. A．repeating important terms B．talking about the rules C．explaining important terms D．having conversations with kids 3．What can parents do to help their kids understand better, according to the material? A．Play fun games with them or read books to them. B．Say the most important information at first. C．Explain difficult words in a clear and simple way. D．Tell them more useful information. 4．What can we learn from the material? A．The game of Monopoly is of little help in understanding the economy. B．Children should learn terms about the economy before knowing the rules. C．Parents should make a great effort in dealing with their kids’ questions. D．Different periods of time in history had the same economy. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了家长可以通过参与趣味学习活动、日常交流、简单解答问题、实地参观这四种方法，引导孩子学习了解经济相关知识。 1．小标题“Join Learning Activities.”中指出：“One of the best ways to teach a child something is to develop his brain with fun activities.”，本段对应方法为参与学习活动，由此证明以趣味方式开发孩子大脑的最佳方式是参与学习活动。 2．小标题“Have Daily Conversations.”指出：“At first, you should talk about its rules... After that, you can explain some important terms...”，先是谈论规则，之后再解释术语，因此that指代前文的谈论规则。 3．小标题“Answer Every Question with a Simple Explanation.”指出：“You need to do your best to explain things in very simple words and terms.”，说明家长要用简洁易懂的话语解释内容，帮助孩子更好理解。 4．小标题“Answer Every Question with a Simple Explanation.”指出：“You need to do your best to explain things in very simple words and terms.”，体现家长要用心解答孩子问题。 抢分04 智能生活 1． 【新情境·AI带来的负面困扰】 Do you care about the environment? If so, you might feel a bit unsure about using AI chatbots after learning how they work. Every time you ask an AI chatbot a question, the data centers (数据中心) behind it consume electricity to think and respond. In the process, they also give off heat. Keeping those powerful computers cool requires large amounts of fresh water. Asking AI one or two — or even a thousand — questions won’t harm the Earth much. But consider what would happen if thousands of people consume AI at the same time. These small environmental costs would quickly add up. That doesn’t mean you have to avoid using AI. However, you can be more thoughtful about when and how you use it. For simple tasks, such as checking a store’s opening hours, a traditional search engine is usually the better choice. A normal web search consumes about ten times less energy than asking AI. If you have a trickier question, then it’s worth turning to an AI chatbot. In some cases, using AI may even be better for the environment than doing the task yourself. For example, an AI model can create a picture in about a minute. Drawing the same picture yourself might take an hour on your computer. During that time, you and your computer would consume as much — if not more — energy. “The real question isn’t, ‘Will AI influence the environment?’ It clearly will,” said Bill Tomlinson, a computer science professor. “You should ask yourself, ‘What are you replacing?’” AI models consume more energy for every extra word they process. For this reason, you can save energy by asking AI for brief answers when long ones aren’t necessary. Also, keep your questions short and to the point. There’s no need to add “please” or “thank you.” The AI model won’t take it personally. 1．What does the word “consume” most likely mean? A．Save or keep. B．Use up or take in. C．Waste or destroy. D．Require or demand. 2．Why does the writer recommend using traditional search engines for simple tasks? A．They give more exact answers for simple questions. B．They provide faster results with less network delay. C．They consume less energy than AI for the same task. D．They allow users to get answers without AI mistakes. 3．What can we learn about AI’s effect on the environment? A．AI’s environmental effect is small if millions of people use it. B．Repeated AI use has no greater effect than just one use. C．New technology will stop AI’s environmental problems. D．The environmental cost grows quickly when many people use AI at once. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．We need to use AI carefully to reduce harm to Earth. B．Search engines are always better than AI chatbots. C．We should stop using AI to protect nature. D．The harm AI does to nature is not important. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文介绍人工智能运行会消耗水电、产生环境负担，指导人们按需理性使用AI并给出节能提问技巧。 1．第二段描述：“the data centers behind it consume electricity to think and respond.”，结合语境数据中心运转要耗用电力，可推断consume为“消耗、耗用”。 2．第五段介绍：“A normal web search consumes about ten times less energy than asking AI.”，说明简单任务用传统搜索引擎，是因为同等情况下它比人工智能耗能更少。 3．第三段分析：“These small environmental costs would quickly add up.”，阐明成千上万人同时使用AI时，环境成本会快速累积。 4．第四段点明：“you can be more thoughtful about when and how you use it.”，文章先讲AI的环境弊端，再给出合理使用的方法，核心是倡导谨慎使用AI，减少对地球的伤害。 2． 【新情境·科技进步】 In recent years, China has made great progress in science and technology. From space to the deep sea, from smart machines to clean energy, our country is now a leader in many important fields. Every Chinese can be proud of these achievements. Our scientists and engineers work hard day and night, using their knowledge to make new discoveries and create helpful inventions for people everywhere. In space, China has its own space station, Tiangong, where Chinese astronauts live and work. They do experiments (实验) and study how to live in space. The Chang’e project has successfully brought back moon rocks, helping us learn about the moon. Tianwen-1 has landed on Mars (火星), making China one of the few countries to land space machines on the red planet. On Earth, the “China Sky Eye” is the world’s largest radio telescope (望远镜). It listens to signals (信号) from faraway stars and helps scientists understand our universe better. These amazing projects show China’s growing abilities and bright thinking. In daily life, Chinese technology makes life better and easier. High-speed trains connect cities safely and quickly, saving people’s travel time. The BeiDou system (系统), made by China, helps millions find their way when driving, walking, or even farming. In smart machines, Chinese companies create helpful robots and smart programs that can talk with people, help with housework, or make work simpler. China also leads in clean energy, producing more solar panels (太阳电池板) and using more wind power than any other country. This helps protect our Earth and gives us cleaner air to breathe. All these successes show China’s strong ability to make new and useful things. More young Chinese are now choosing to study science, technology, engineering, and math. This means our country’s future in technology will be even brighter. We should all work hard, study well, and stay curious to help China do more in technology. Together, we can make our country stronger, smarter, and better, creating a beautiful future for everyone. 1．The writer begins the passage by describing China’s technological progress to show that ________. A．China leads in all technology fields B．China has improved fast in many areas C．China started its technology work long ago D．China is the only country with good technology 2．What is mentioned as an achievement of China’s space program? A．Making smart home robots. B．Making the cheapest solar panels. C．Landing a space machine on Mars. D．Building the fastest train in the world. 3．How does the writer show that Chinese technology is everywhere in daily life? A．By saying how technology helps students. B．By telling how many people use computers. C．By comparing China’s technology with others’. D．By giving examples like fast trains and the BeiDou system. 4．What does the writer think about China’s future in technology? A．Technology will only work on space travel. B．Technology will need help from other countries. C．It will be harder because technology costs more money. D．It’ll be better because more young people are studying technology. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了中国近年来在科技领域取得的诸多成就，涵盖航天、日常生活等方面，并对未来科技发展表达了积极展望。 1．第一段提到“In recent years, China has made great progress in science and technology... our country is now a leader in many important fields.”，作者通过描述中国的科技进步，意在说明中国在多个领域发展迅速。 2．第二段提到“Tianwen-1 has landed on Mars, making China one of the few countries to land space machines on the red planet.”，天问一号登陆火星是中国航天项目的一项成就。 3．第三段提到“High-speed trains connect cities safely and quickly... The BeiDou system, made by China, helps millions find their way... producing more solar panels and using more wind power...”，作者通过高铁、北斗系统等例子，说明科技在日常生活中无处不在。 4．第四段提到“More young Chinese are now choosing to study science, technology, engineering, and math. This means our country’s future in technology will be even brighter.”，作者认为随着更多年轻人学习科技相关专业，中国科技的未来会更好。 3． 【新情境·新材料】 Are you sad because you bought a phone less than a year ago and now have to charge  (充电) it twice a day? In the future, a shot to the battery might solve the problem, a recent study suggested. Researchers at Fudan University found a way to make old batteries last much longer. Their study was published on February 12 in the leading science journal Nature. How does a lithium-ion (锂离子) battery work? It uses lithium ions to store and give out energy. But over time, some of these ions become “dead”, which reduces the battery’s life. When a battery’s power drops below 80% of its original (原始的) level, it is considered failed. This problem has been like this since the invention of the lithium-ion in 1990. Instead of dead batteries, the Chinese researchers saw them as sick patients. If the broken part can be fixed, the battery can be made good again. They injected (注射) an organic (有机的) lithium salt into the batteries. This chemical replaced the “dead” lithium and made the batteries healthy again. The treatment can be done many times. As a result, the number of charges could increase from between 500 to 2,000 to as many as 60,000. This has never been achieved before. The magical treatment can not only solve your phone’s battery problem but also help China and the world in many other ways. China is the world’s leading producer of lithium-ion batteries, making about 70% of the world’s total. It also uses many of them in new energy vehicles (车辆) and in storing solar and wind power. Longer-lasting batteries mean lower costs for car owners and the power industry. Last but not least, they can help cut the rising pollution caused by making and throwing away batteries. 1．What does the word “shot” in the first paragraph most probably mean? A．子弹 B．射门 C．注射 D．拍照 2．According to the passage, what happens when a lithium-ion battery becomes “dead”? A．It stops working completely and cannot be used again. B．Its power drops below 80% of its original level. C．It needs to be charged five times a day. D．Its organic lithium salt runs out. 3．What can we know from the last paragraph about the new battery treatment? A．It may greatly cut down battery change costs. B．It has already been used in most new phones. C．It will make batteries last forever without any loss. D．It works better for car batteries than for phone batteries. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．How to Charge Your Phone Less Often B．A “Shot” to Give Old Batteries New Life C．The History of Lithium-ion Batteries D．Why China Produces the Most Batteries 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了复旦大学研究人员通过向电池注射有机锂盐来修复“死”锂离子，从而大幅延长锂电池寿命的新技术及其应用前景。 1．第一段提到“a shot to the battery might solve the problem”，结合下文研究人员向电池中注射有机锂盐的描述，可知shot在此处意为“注射”。 2．第三段提到“When a battery’s power drops below 80% of its original level, it is considered failed.”，说明锂电池“失效”时其电量低于原始水平的80%。 3．最后一段提到“Longer-lasting batteries mean lower costs for car owners and the power industry.”，说明这项新电池处理技术可以大大降低电池更换成本。 4．全文围绕给旧电池“注射”以恢复其性能这一核心技术展开，介绍了技术原理、效果和应用前景，因此“给旧电池新生命的‘注射’”最能概括全文主旨。 4． 【新情境·智能机器人】 During this year’s Spring Festival, Mount Tai in Shandong Province introduced a creative exoskeleton robot (外骨骼机器人). This wearable tool is designed to help with climbing. It draws attention for its ability to make the hard mountain climbing easier, especially for the elderly and the mobility-impaired. Weighing 1.8 kg, the exoskeleton is worn around the waist (腰) and legs. The exoskeleton is controlled by AI technology. It senses the wearer’s movement and offers necessary help to reduce tiredness. A 68-year-old tourist shared, “It works! My legs didn’t hurt after wearing it.” The exoskeleton was introduced to give elderly visitors a better chance to enjoy the mountain scenery while climbing. “Taking a cable (缆绳) car limits the view, but with these robots, they can truly experience climbing,” said a worker in Mount Tai. This has caused wider discussions about using exoskeletons in elderly care. A tech company focusing on exoskeleton research and development plans to come out with a new model this year, with lighter materials and smarter algorithms (算法). “Larger-area use will lower costs and make them less expensive for families,” its manager said. It’s believed that with the development of technology, more high-tech products like exoskeletons will show up in daily life. They will provide people with a more convenient life. 1．What does the underlined word “mobility-impaired” mean in Paragraph 1? A．Someone who has the ability to move easily. B．Someone who has a serious cut on his hand. C．Someone who has difficulty moving. D．Someone who has a common cold. 2．The exoskeleton robot can mainly help the elderly________according to the passage. A．walk without the legs B．go on a cable car tour C．lower tiredness in legs D．enjoy the mountain air 3．Why does the worker in Mount Tai mention the cable car? A．To show the cable car is more convenient. B．To explain the high cost of the exoskeleton. C．To compare the weights of different climbing tools. D．To describe the robot’s advantage in real climbing. 4．What can we infer (推断) about the future of exoskeleton robots? A．They will only be used for climbing Mount Tai. B．They will be too expensive for common families. C．They will totally replace traditional climbing tools. D．They will be common in elderly care and daily life. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文介绍泰山引入助力登山的外骨骼机器人，介绍其功能、优势，同时展望这类高科技设备未来会在养老与日常生活中普及应用。 1．第一段指出：“…make the hard mountain climbing easier, especially for the elderly and the mobility-impaired.”，前文说明该机器人助力爬山、减轻困难，and表并列，the elderly（老人）行动不便，可推断mobility-impaired指行动有困难的人。 2．第二段指出：“It senses the wearer’s movement and offers necessary help to reduce tiredness.”，且老人反馈穿戴后腿不疼，说明机器人主要帮助老人减轻腿部疲惫。 3．第三段指出：“Taking a cable car limits the view, but with these robots, they can truly experience climbing…”，通过缆车观景受限做对比，突出外骨骼机器人能让人真实体验登山的优势。 4．第四段指出：“This has caused wider discussions about using exoskeletons in elderly care.”；第五段指出：“…more high-tech products like exoskeletons will show up in daily life.”，可推断未来它会广泛用于养老与日常生活。 抢分05 绿色低碳 1． 【新情境·海洋污染】 Plastic pollution is a big problem for our oceans. Every year, millions of tons of plastic waste end up in the sea. In the water, plastic breaks into tiny pieces called microplastics. These tiny pieces hurt fish, seabirds, and other ocean animals. Scientists have found something surprising: many ocean bacteria (细菌) are learning to eat plastic. Researchers found a type of bacteria that could break down PET plastic—the kind used in water bottles. After that, scientists wanted to know if similar bacteria lived in the ocean. To find out, a team led by Dr. Carlos Duarte collected more than 400 ocean water samples from around the world. Using AI and genetic testing, the researchers looked for a special enzyme (酶) called PETase. This enzyme is like a tool that helps bacteria break down PET plastic. They found a special sign called the M5 motif that shows an enzyme can eat plastic. And the result was amazing: nearly 80% of the water samples had bacteria with this enzyme. These bacteria lived everywhere—from surface water with lots of plastic to the deep sea, two kilometers below the surface. Dr. Duarte explains: “In the ocean, where food is hard to find, microbes seem to have learned to use plastic as a new food source.” In other words, bacteria are treating our plastic waste as food. But there is bad news too. These bacteria break down plastic very slowly. They cannot clean up the plastic that is already in the ocean. “By the time plastics reach the deep sea, the harm to sea life has already been done,” says Dr. Duarte. Still, there is hope. The enzymes found in the deep sea give scientists new ideas. Researchers can study these enzymes and make them better in the lab. This could help us build better plastic recycling systems on land, and maybe one day even at home. Nature has started to fight back against plastic pollution. Now it is our turn to help. 1．Based on the passage, what can we most reasonably infer about the bacteria that can eat PET plastic? A．They evolved (进化) this ability after humans started putting plastic into the ocean. B．They will completely clean up all the plastic in the ocean within the next few years. C．They were created by scientists in a laboratory and then released into the ocean. D．They only live in surface water and cannot survive in the deep sea. 2．Which sentence should go in the empty box in paragraph 2? A．But nature may be fighting back. B．Therefore, humans must stop using plastic. C．However, bacteria cannot survive in the ocean. D．As a result, the problem is getting worse every day. 3．Which of the following best describes how the passage is organized? A．Enzyme definition → Past research → future trend B．Scientists’ findings → Bacteria’s action → Readers’ hope C．Problem → Experiment → Warning → Ways D．Problem → Discovery → Limitation →Hope 4．What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To persuade readers to stop using plastic products immediately. B．To inform readers about a new scientific discovery and its possible uses. C．To describe how plastic pollution harms different sea animals. D．To teach readers how to recycle plastic at home. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文为说明文，本文先介绍海洋塑料污染难题，讲述海洋细菌可分解塑料的发现，点明局限并给出治理希望。 1．第一段交代现状：“Plastic pollution is a big problem for our oceans”，引出严峻的海洋塑料污染问题；第四段说明原因：“In the ocean, where food is hard to find, microbes seem to have learned to use plastic as a new food source”，表明海洋食物匮乏促使细菌进化出分解塑料的能力，由此可推出这类细菌是在塑料进入海洋后进化出该能力。 2．首段描述塑料污染危害海洋生物，第二段“Scientists have found something surprising...”引出细菌吞食塑料的意外发现，需要过渡句衔接危机与自然的应对，A项“But nature may be fighting back.”衔接上下文逻辑通顺。 3．文章行文逻辑：首先提出海洋塑料污染问题，接着介绍海洋细菌分解塑料的科学发现，而后点明细菌分解速度慢的局限性，最后说明酶研究带来的治理希望，对应结构为问题→发现→局限→希望。 4．通读全文可知，文章客观介绍海洋食塑细菌的科研发现，讲解该发现的短板与潜在利用价值，目的是向读者科普新知与应用前景。 2． 【新情境·海洋污染】 Chinese researchers have found a new microbial weed (杂草) killer. It can control weeds without polluting the environment and also helps crops (农作物) grow. It may take the place of traditional chemical weed killers in the future. The discovery was made by a research team led by Sun Juan from Qingdao Agricultural University after years of hard work. The team spent a long time doing research and testing to make sure the new weed killer is safe and useful. Their findings were recently published online in an international magazine called Crop Protection and got worldwide attention. Alfalfa (苜蓿草) is one of the world’s most important crops to feed animals. However, it has long been a big problem in growing alfalfa. Farmers usually use lots of chemical weed killers to get rid of the weeds. These chemicals not only pollute the land and water but also bring serious risks to food safety and human health. To solve the problems, the research team found a new kind of fungus (真菌) in the soil (土壤) around alfalfa roots. They named it MXBP304. It can help kill weed seeds but do little harm to alfalfa’s seeds to sprout or the growth of young alfalfa plants. It also keeps the natural balance of the soil, so it can control weeds in a “zero pollution” way. Now the team is still working hard to improve MXBP304 and related technologies. They want to put the eco-friendly weed killer into practical use soon. If it is successfully used, farmers will have a greener and safer way to control weeds. 1．Who found the new kind of weed killer? A．A farmer from Qingdao. B．A team from a university. C．A researcher from Crop Protection. D．A group from a farming company. 2．What problem have farmers had in growing alfalfa for a long time? A．Costing too much. B．Not enough land. C．Controlling weeds safely. D．Not enough water. 3．What does the underlined word “sprout” probably mean? A．Die in the soil. B．Be eaten by insects. C．Turn into weeds. D．Produce new leaves. 4．Why does the writer write the passage? A．To introduce an eco-friendly discovery. B．To warn people about the dangers of weeds. C．To teach readers the way of growing alfalfa. D．To advertise some famous Chinese inventions. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国研究人员发现的一种新型微生物除草剂，这种除草剂能控制杂草且不污染环境，还能帮助农作物生长，未来或许会取代传统化学除草剂。 1．文章第二段指出“The discovery was made by a research team led by Sun Juan from Qingdao Agricultural University...”，说明是青岛农业大学的一个研究团队发现了这种新型除草剂。 2． 文章第三段提到“However, it has long been a big problem in growing alfalfa. Farmers usually use lots of chemical weed killers to get rid of the weeds. These chemicals not only pollute the land and water but also bring serious risks to food safety and human health.”，表明长期以来农民种植苜蓿草面临的问题是安全地控制杂草。 3．文章第四段提及“It can help kill weed seeds but do little harm to alfalfa’s seeds to sprout or the growth of young alfalfa plants.”，结合语境可知，这种真菌能帮助杀死杂草种子，但对苜蓿种子发芽或幼苗生长危害很小，所以“sprout”意思是“发芽，长出新叶”，与“Produce new leaves”意思相近。 4．文章第一段“Chinese researchers have found a new microbial weed (杂草) killer. It can control weeds without polluting the environment and also helps crops (农作物) grow. It may take the place of traditional chemical weed killers in the future.”点明主旨，介绍了中国研究人员发现的一种环保的新型除草剂，所以作者写这篇文章是为了介绍这一环保发现。 3． 【新情境·湿地的作用】 If you search for places of beauty, wetlands probably won’t be high on your list. Wetlands are areas of land that are often completely wet with water. The roles that the wetlands play in nature might go beyond many people’s imagination. Wetlands appear naturally in almost every part of the world. There are many different types of wetlands on Earth. Along with rainforests, they are among the most diverse (多样的) places on Earth. Besides natural wetlands, humans are also creating man-made ones for a number of purposes about water management. One of the main advantages of wetlands is that they can prevent floods. They do so by storing water for a certain time and then slowly releasing (释放) it over time. Wetlands operate similarly to a sponge (海绵). When it rains heavily and water levels rise, they take in the extra water which may cause floods. Then, when water levels become low later, they will release it. In many cases, wetlands offer a much more natural way than dams (坝). However, it’s important to note that wetlands, like dams, don’t stop all dangers from flooding. Wetlands also play a part in cleaning water. Farming actions and city waste are main causes of water pollution. Wetlands include plants and organisms that can reduce this pollution. Wetlands have other advantages for the environment as well. They can help to feed nearby fish populations by releasing something that can be used as food for them into rivers. Also, many animals like frogs use wetlands as baby-raising grounds because they provide the place for catching food and the water required. Although wetlands may not look pretty, it’s clear that they are able to do the important work which is necessary to make sure that the circle of life remains unbroken. 1．What are wetlands according to the passage? A．Dry land with many rare plants. B．Land areas that are often fully covered with water. C．Man-made places for water management only. D．The most beautiful natural places in the world. 2．What does the underlined word “operate” probably mean in Paragraph 3? A．Look. B．Work. C．Change. D．Form. 3．Which of the following is NOT a way wetlands help the environment? A．Cleaning water by reducing pollution. B．Providing food and living places for animals. C．Feeding nearby fish populations indirectly. D．Stopping all the flood dangers completely. 4．We can infer from the passage that ________. A．wetlands are less diverse than rainforests B．man-made wetlands have no environmental value C．wetlands are important for keeping the food chain balanced D．most people know the great importance of wetlands well 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了湿地的定义、类型，以及湿地在防洪、净化水质、为动物提供食物和栖息地等方面对环境的重要作用，强调了湿地对维持生态平衡的重要性。 1．第一段指出定义：“Wetlands are areas of land that are often completely wet with water”，这直接说明湿地是经常完全被水覆盖的陆地区域。 2．第三段解释词义：结合上下文“they can prevent floods. They do so by storing water for a certain time and then slowly releasing it over time”可知，湿地通过储存水分再缓慢释放来防洪，类似海绵的作用，因此“operate”在此处表示“工作；发挥作用”，与“Work”含义相近。 3．第三、四段说明排除项：第三段提到“wetlands, like dams, don’t stop all dangers from flooding”，第四段提到湿地能“cleaning water by reducing pollution”“feed nearby fish populations by releasing something that can be used as food”“provide the place for catching food and the water required”，由此可知“完全阻止所有洪水危险”并非湿地对环境的帮助方式。 4．第四段推断结论：“they are able to do the important work which is necessary to make sure that the circle of life remains unbroken”，说明湿地能保障生命循环的完整，可推断出湿地对维持食物链平衡至关重要。 2 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 抢分03 阅读理解之说明文（辽宁专用） 抢分预测 抢分秘籍 抢分特训 2年考情 抢分依据 命题预测 2025年 赤脚行走的好处及建议 2024年 介绍家养绿植的相关信息 1. 选材生活化、轻量化：近两年真题均围绕日常生活场景展开。 注重考查应用文体（均为回信），要求语言简洁、逻辑清晰。 2. 紧扣时代热点，避开敏感话题：弱化硬核科技、国际争议话题，选材积极正向，贴合立德树人导向。 题目常隐含“立德树人”导向，有益于青少年身心健康。 题材趋势： 1.绿色低碳 ： 垃圾分类、节约资源、低碳出行、塑料污染治理。 2.智能生活： 人工智能日常应用、数字阅读、简易科普。 3.中外文化融合： 中国传统节日、非遗文化、传统手工艺、中外礼仪差异、饮食文化科普。 4.青少年健康成长 科学运动、睡眠健康、网络使用规范、情绪调节、远离焦虑、合理用眼。 第一步：通读全文，把握脉络快速读首尾段 + 每段首句，明确：说明对象是什么、有什么特点、分几方面介绍。标记：数字、时间、转折词（but, however, though）、因果词（so, because）、定义词（is called, means）。 第二步：审题定位，精准突破（分题型技巧） （1） 细节理解题：一找二定三核对找关键词：题干中的数字、地名、专有名词、大写字母、特殊短语。定位原文：回文快速扫读，找到对应句子。排除干扰：无中生有、张冠李戴、绝对化（only, all, never）。 （2） 推理判断题：立足原文，合理推断情感态度：抓形容词、副词、评价性表达。因果推断：找 because, so, as a result, therefore, lead to。作者意图：看结尾总结、专家观点、建议句，提炼道理。 （3） 主旨 / 标题题：抓核心，避陷阱标题三原则：概括性、针对性、醒目性。排除只对应某一段的选项。排除范围过大 / 过小的选项。排除无关关键词、偏离主题的选项。 （4）词义 / 代词猜测题：语境为王代词指代：就近原则，往前看 1–2 句，找单 / 复数匹配的名词事件。逻辑线索：and, but, however, instead（并列 / 转折）。定义线索：that is, in other words, such as, is called。因果线索：because, so, lead to。 第三步：比对验证，排除干扰 将圈画的题干关键词与原文信息逐一对应，重点排查三类干扰项： 1. 偷换概念 2. 信息拼凑 3. 绝对化表述 第四步：复核检查，规避失误 抢分01 青少年健康成长 1． 【新情境】 Fear of failure is one of the most common emotions that hold people back from running after their dreams, which prevents them from taking risks and trying new things. The fear of being seen as a failure often drives people to stay within their comfort zones. It is human nature to feel afraid of failure, but letting this fear control us can limit our growth greatly. When we understand and accept failure’s role in our journey, we can face challenges with a more positive attitude, and gain wisdom from our experiences. Viewing failure as a learning opportunity can lead to profound personal growth and development. Instead of feeling discouraged when things go wrong, we can choose to view setbacks as necessary steps toward success. This mindset shift is important for building resilience (韧性) —it empowers us to see difficulties as lessons to learn from, not barriers (阻碍) to stop us. Building resilience through failure is a key part of growing into a capable person. It actually offers valuable chances to reflect and improve. When we use failure as a catalyst (催化剂) for career growth, we learn to adapt to change, stick to our goals through hard times, and find new paths to what we want to achieve. This way of thinking gives us the strength and resolve to overcome life’s difficulties. Failure also helps improve our creativity and problem-solving skills. When we accept that failure is a natural part of learning, we open our minds to new ideas and possibilities. This encourages us to think outside the box, test new ways, and expand our abilities. Adapting to failure to get better results leads to innovation (创新) and growth, turning our mistakes into meaningful lessons. The journey of embracing (拥抱) failure is exemplified by real-life examples, both of individuals and companies. Successful individuals often say their achievements come directly from the lessons they learned from past mistakes. Similarly, innovative companies that have grown big usually have a history of conquering many setbacks. These examples prove that embracing failure can lead to amazing growth and success. To truly gain from failure, we need simple, actionable plans. First, create a safe space where it’s okay to take risks and make mistakes—this lets us try new things without fear. Second, take time to analyze (分析) what went wrong and figure out how to avoid similar mistakes later. Most importantly, choose a growth mindset: see setbacks as chances to learn, not as proof of our limits. In the end, embracing failure is important for both personal and career growth. With a positive attitude toward failure, we can overcome challenges, learn valuable lessons, and build a more successful and fulfilling life. 1．According to the passage, which is a good way to face failures? A．Avoiding taking any risks to prevent mistakes. B．Viewing failures as barriers when things go wrong. C．Analyzing what caused the failures to avoid repeating them. D．Staying in the comfort zones to stop moving forward. 2．What are Paragraphs 3-4 mainly talking about? A．New findings in building resilience. B．The rules for finding new paths to success. C．The best solutions to life’s problems. D．The role of failure in personal growth. 3．What does the word “conquering” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A．Getting through. B．Staying away from. C．Finding out. D．Giving up. 4．What does the writer want to tell us? A．People should avoid failures in order to achieve success. B．People should turn failures into growth opportunities. C．People should accept failures to take more risks. D．People should be in a safe place to avoid making mistakes. 2． 【新情境】 Founded by singer, author and broadcaster Cerys Matthews, the Good Life Experience is all about connecting guests with things that really matter, through music, food, literature, ideas, workshops and the great outdoors. It’s a festival that feels both timely and necessary. In an age of deliberately designed online lives, it offers something genuine: the chance to light a campfire, learn a craft from an expert, share stories face-to-face, or simply enjoy a moment of collective silence under the stars. The event, held on a beautiful country estate in Wales, is built on the belief that happiness is found in participation and creation, not just consumption. Its programme, accordingly, is a thoughtfully curated (筹办) mix of the hands-on and the inspirational. You might find yourself learning to forge a knife one hour, and listening to a celebrated author read by the river the next. There are workshops in leather-working and woodcraft, opportunities to try wild swimming, and countless campfires around which strangers become friends through conversation. The food stalls prioritize local and seasonal produce, and the music stages feature everything from folk to soul, often inviting audience participation. “We wanted to create a space where people could switch off from the digital noise and reconnect with their own hands, minds, and with each other,” says Matthews. “It’s about the joy of making something, the satisfaction of learning a skill your ancestors might have known, and the deep connections that form when you share that experience.” The festival challenges the modern idea of entertainment as a passive activity. It’s a cure for the speed and isolation of contemporary life, promoting slowness, skill-sharing, and community. It’s an example of a richer, more connected way of living. 1．Why did the author describe the festival as timely and necessary? A．Because it promotes Welsh tourism. B．Because it was founded by a famous singer. C．Because it promotes hands-on activities. D．Because it resists unreal online lives. 2．What is the core value of the Good Life Experience? A．Passive enjoyment of wonderful scenery. B．Consumption of expensive local produce. C．Active participation and connection between people. D．Promotion of digital entertainment culture. 3．What can we learn about the programs of the festival? A．They are all held indoors due to weather concerns. B．They mix practical activities with inspiring talks. C．They focus mostly on digital entertainment. D．They need professional skills to join in. 4．What can we infer from Cerys Matthews’ words? A．She hopes people can escape digital noise. B．She thinks ancestors’ skills are outdated. C．She prefers online interaction to face-to-face talks. D．She aims to make the festival a commercial success. 3． 【新情境﹡追求时尚】 Which is more important in your mind, looking fashionable (时髦的) or feeling comfortable? You may find many people choose style over comfort and some even go to extremes(极端) to follow fashion. But we should remember：being fashionable isn’t everything. It’s more important to be healthy. Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So they start extreme diets(饮食) that are not good for their health. They might not eat meals or eat too little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way to live? Also, many girls wear shoes with very high heels (鞋跟). They might think high heels make them look taller. But these shoes can hurt their feet and make it hard to walk comfortably, and they can increase the risk of falls. Some even wear tight clothes that influence blood circulation(循环), making it hard to breathe. Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health? Besides, some boys and girls spend a lot of time and money changing their hair colors. The material they use to change hair colors is usually harmful to their health. To make their hair straight or curly, they also use tools that are hot enough to burn their hair. But using these tools too often or at very high temperatures can make the hair dry or even burnt. Is it really worth risking our health, spending so much time and money? So, let’s think again what’s really important. Is it fashion or is it our well-being?Remember, health comes first. Instead of following extreme diets, let’s eat properly and exercise every day. And instead of spending a lot of time choosing clothes, we could use the time to do fun things with friends. Clothes or hairstyles don’t tell us anything about a person’s character. Your value is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person. 1．Why do some people go on extreme diets? A．Because they want to look good B．Because they want to save time. C．Because the diets are healthy. D．Because they want to save money. 2．Why does the writer use a question in each paragraph? A．To get answers from readers. B．To lead readers to think deeply. C．To introduce the latest fashion. D．To let readers start extreme diets. 3．What can we infer(推断) from the passage? A．People who wear high heels will protect themselves from falling down. B．Changing hair colors never does harm to people’s health. C．A person’s value doesn’t depend on his appearance. D．People should spend so much time and money to look fashionable(时髦的)or feel comfortable. 4．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Straight or Curly. B．Harmful or Colorful. C．Healthy or Sick D．Fashionable or Comfortable. 4． 【新情境】 ① Life is full of moments, but some are “special” and stay in our hearts forever. For example, the first time you rode a bike alone, a friend’s hug when you were sad, or in the evening talking with family. These moments aren’t always big, but they change how we feel about ourselves and the world. ② Special moments are like treasures. We don’t need to write them down—our hearts remember them. A teacher might praise a shy student’s drawing, making the child feel important. A parent could bake cookies with you on a rainy day, filling the kitchen with laughter. Even strangers can create them: a barista who knows your coffee order, or a neighbor who helps carry groceries(杂货). These small acts stay in our minds because they make us feel loved. ③ Businesses also use special moments. A café might play soft music and serve warm cookies on cold days to make customers feel welcome. A bookstore could hold story time for kids every weekend, turning a visit into a happy memory. An ice-cream shop lets customers decorate their own cones(冰激凌蛋筒)—seeing a child smile while adding something is a moment everyone remembers. ④ In the end, special moments are everywhere. They don’t need money or planning—just a little care. A kind word, a smile, or a small surprise can make life richer. So take time to enjoy these moments—they make life worth living. 1．What does the passage say about special moments? A．They are always big and exciting. B．We can keep the special moments in mind. C．We need to write them down to remember. D．They have nothing to do with how we feel. 2．What does the ice-cream shop probably do according to the passage? A．Refuses to let kids enter. B．Closes early on weekends. C．Sells the cheapest ice-cream. D．Creates ice-cream moments for guests. 3．Which of the following would be the best structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．How to use the power of the moment. B．Why people forget small moments. C．When to plan big and exciting events. D．Where to find the most expensive treasures. 5． 【新情境】 Nowadays, many people are choosing to refill (再填充) their old bottles instead of throwing them away. At special stores, customers bring their own clean containers (容器) to fill with soap, shampoo or cleaning liquids. They only pay for the weight of the product they add. This way, no new plastic packaging is created. Some customers have used the same bottle for six years, which saves much money and stops a lot of waste. ▲ Years ago, people returned glass bottles for milk, soda and beer. This allowed the bottles to be reused. However, companies later started to use plastic and paper packaging because they were cheaper and easier to handle. Today, the idea of reusing is coming back. More companies sell some products without any packaging. Meanwhile (与此同时), there are more and more kinds of cool, strong, and useful reusable bottles and containers in the market now. These products are made to be used again and again. However, refill systems still face challenges. Cleaning and collecting the bottles takes time, work, and money. It can make the products more expensive. Experts say that reusing is better than recycling, but only if people use the container many times. For example, a heavy ceramic (陶瓷的) coffee cup must be used over 20 times to be truly better for the environment than a paper cup. Also, if you drive about 30 miles just to refill a bottle, the car pollution might cancel out the environmental benefit. Even though refilling is not perfect, it has become a popular lifestyle. On social media, many people share photos and videos of how they refill their bottles. Bringing your own bottle is more than just a useful habit—it shows that you care about the environment. When more people are doing the same, that really can make a difference. 1．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To tell people how to save money and time by refilling. B．To teach us how to clean and collect old bottles for refilling. C．To explain the differences between refilling, recycling and reusing. D．To introduce the refilling lifestyle to spread an environmental idea. 2．Which of the following can be put in ▲ in paragraph 2? A．This idea is not new. B．It’s a wonderful idea. C．The idea helps a lot. D．The idea doesn’t work. 3．What methods does the writer use to explain the problems refill systems face? ① Giving examples ② Listing numbers ③ Explaining meanings ④ Comparing things A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 4．Based on this passage, which project is proper for Jim, a student, to carry out as a social practice? A．Open a Bottle Return Shop. B．DIY a Paper Cup for Your Friend. C．Bring Your Own Bottles to School. D．Collect Bottles for Kindness and Future. 抢分02 科普与文化 1． 【新情境·科学探究】 ①Do you like blueberries (蓝莓)? Have you ever wondered why these tiny berries appear such a bright blue color while their flesh is clearly white? If so, the next time you’re about to enjoy these delicious berries, take a good look at them. Then ask yourself: Are blueberries really blue? ②For the most part, blueberries aren’t blue. If you carefully peel (剥) the skin off one, you’ll see that the flesh inside is white. If you rub the inside of the skin on a white piece of paper, you’ll see a reddish-purple color. And if you gently rub the outside of a blueberry, the blue color disappears and the berry looks almost black. But the moment you pick one, it does look blue. What’s going on? ③Well, there are two ways to create colors. The first is through pigments, which are things that can show the color of the light they don’t take in. The most usual thing in plants is chlorophyll (叶绿素), a green pigment. Plant leaves appear green because chlorophyll doesn’t take in green light. Instead, it sends it out while taking in blue and red light. Plants prefer to take in blue light because it has more energy than any other light. In fact, there aren’t any “true blue” pigments in the plant world. ④The second way to make color is through “structural color.” This happens when the structure of a surface makes some colors of light look different. Have you ever seen the rainbow colors on a CD? These colors show up because of the tiny spaces between the disk’s thin layers. These spaces only allow certain colors to reach our eyes. ⑤Now your bowl of blueberries suddenly looks a lot more interesting. The fruit is beautiful, but its beauty is only skin deep! 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving examples. C．By explaining reasons. D．By asking questions. 2．What does the word “pigments” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Places that plants grow. B．Energy that helps plants grow. C．Light that plants take in. D．Things that give colors to plants. 3．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Why blueberries appear blue. B．How blueberries got their name. C．Why blueberries taste delicious. D．How blueberries spread their seeds. 4．Which is the best structure of the passage? A．①→②→③→④→⑤ B．①②→③④→⑤ C．①→②→③④→⑤ D．①→②③→④→⑤ 2． 【新情境·文化传播】 Many people waited in line outside a new Mixue (蜜雪) store in New York. It was cold, but they still waited. This shows that Chinese tea drinks are becoming popular in the US. Mixue sells cheap drinks, like a $1.19 ice cream. This is very different from expensive local coffee. But low price is not the only reason for its success. Other Chinese tea shops like HeyTea (喜茶) also have long lines. Their drinks cost about $10. One reason is that young Americans are interested in foods from other countries. For example, HeyTea’s store in Times Square sells over 2,000 cups every day. That is much more than a usual coffee shop. These tea shops are growing fast. HeyTea had only a few stores in the US at the start of this year. Now it has over 30 shops. A worker at HeyTea said, “You might think most customers are Asians, but in fact, we have people from all over the world.” These shops want to be more international. They hire local people so that everyone can talk easily. For Chinese people living in the US, these drinks remind people of home. One customer said, “Seeing Mixue here makes me feel closer to home.” For others, it is about trying new tastes. A student said, “You can try different things like grass jelly (果冻). They are very nice.” These shops also help people from different cultures know one another. As one young customer said, “People get to see a different side of the world.” 1．How much does an ice-cream at Mixue usually cost in the US? A．$1.19. B．$10. C．$20. D．$30. 2．According to Paragraph 2, why are Chinese tea drinks becoming popular in the US? A．Because their drinks are very cheap. B．Because they have many stores in the US. C．Because young Americans like foreign foods. D．Because people can try different things. 3．What does the word “hire” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．To talk with someone. B．To kick someone off. C．To be friends with someone. D．To give a job to someone. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Chinese tea drinks are only popular among Chinese people. B．These drinks remind people of home and help share cultures. C．American students do not like Chinese tea drinks. D．It is very hard to find Chinese tea shops in the US now. 3． 【新情境】 The importance of biodiversity (生物多样性) What is biodiversity? You can think of it as a big family album (相册) that has photos of all the living things on the earth, from plants to animals, from fungi (真菌) to humans. The UN said that the biodiversity we see today is the result of 4.5 billion years of evolution (进化). Biodiversity is a web of life in which all species (物种) have their role. It is important because we depend on nature for so many things. According to the UN, more than 1 billion people depend on forests for their living. The loss (亏损) of biodiversity influences us directly. For example, if there are fewer animals that eat harmful insects, the insects will grow in number. This can harm our crops and make it hard for us to get enough food. Biodiversity usually grows slowly, but it can drop fast. According to a 2016 report of the World Wildlife Fund (基金会), the number of vertebrate animals (脊椎动物) went down by 58 percent between 1970 and 2012. Some scientists said that by the end of the 21st century, 5 percent of species will die out. ________ While extinction (灭绝) is natural, human activities like pollution and growing food, have already changed the conditions of the land. About 85 percent of wetlands have gone away, according to the UN. To help with the problem, the UN has asked the whole world to work together. In China, more than 300 endangered wildlife animals, including Asian elephants, have seen their numbers rise in 2025, said Xinhua. “Ecological civilization (生态文明) plays a big part in Chinese direction,” Inger Andersen with the UNEP (联合国环境规划署) told Xinhua. “And we look forward to that direction forming a part of the global direction for an ecological balance (平衡) with our planet.” 1．Why is biodiversity important according to the passage? A．Because it grows slowly but it can drop fast. B．Because it is a big family album with photos of all the living things on the earth. C．Because it plays an important role in protecting nature and supporting human life. D．Because it is the result of 4.5 billion years of evolution. 2．What does the example in Paragraph 3 show? A．We should keep more animals to eat harmful insects. B．The loss of biodiversity can lead to food problems. C．Biodiversity has nothing to do with food production. D．Biodiversity usually grows fast, but it can drop slowly. 3．Which of the following can be put in ________? A．Calling the world to work together B．Protecting biodiversity in China C．Keeping the balance of nature D．Reducing the humans’ activities 4．What can we learn from the text? A．Biodiversity grows and drops at a similar speed. B．Human activities like pollution have a bad influence on biodiversity. C．The number of vertebrate animals has increased by 58% from 1970 to 2012. D．In China, less than 300 endangered wildlife animals have seen their numbers rise in 2025. 抢分03 方法、策略 1． 【新情境】 For many teenagers, growing up means stepping out of family life to build friendships. Hanging out after school and sharing secrets may seem like simple fun, but scientists say these experiences are important as they shape a teen’s “social brain”—the system for understanding others and managing feelings. Recently, however, teens in many places spend far less time face-to-face with friends, mainly connecting through screens instead. Being alone from time to time is not necessarily bad, but the social habit of overusing screens often leads to a serious problem: long-term social isolation. In such a situation, teens are unwilling to be with people their age and hardly have meaningful face-to-face communication outside the home, which is quite different from choosing to be alone voluntarily. During the teenage years, the brain changes rapidly and strengthens connections between its different areas. It is in this period that the social brain becomes better at reading facial expressions, understanding others’ thoughts, and making proper behavioral choices. One researcher compares this process to language learning: the brain is born with such an ability, yet it still requires plenty of practice to use the ability properly. Similarly, teenagers need real-life social connections to improve the systems supporting their social understanding and behavior. Scientists have been carrying out long-term studies to explore the effects of social isolation on teenagers. They follow large groups of teens, collecting both brain scans and daily-life information. In one recent project, researchers compared the brain scans of socially isolated teens with those of teens who had more face-to-face social activities, and used parents’ reports to judge the social isolation levels of these teens, such as whether they often stayed away from group activities. There were worrying differences: teenagers with long-term social isolation had underdeveloped signs in brain areas related to social understanding and emotional control. Surprisingly, brain areas for attention and decision-making also performed poorly, something that researchers had not expected, as they never thought isolation would harm so many brain parts. This finding matters because these negative changes during the teenage years can leave long-lasting effects on a developing brain, making it harder for them to succeed in the future. The hopeful news is that teenage brains can still be shaped, so early support can reduce the risks of long-term social isolation. This can be achieved by offering teens more opportunities to socialize or asking a trusted adult or a doctor for help. What matters most is that teenagers keep meaningful face-to-face connections with others their age, and with proper support and balance, most can develop healthy social habits that benefit both their brains and overall well-being. 1．What does the word “isolation” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．A feeling of being lonely. B．A preference for quiet environments. C．A habit of avoiding group activities. D．A state of staying away from others. 2．Which of the experiences listed below is the most helpful for a teen’s social brain? A．Planting a tree in the backyard with a family member. B．Learning how to play the piano with a private teacher. C．Joining a football club and practising together at school. D．Communicating with friends mainly through social media. 3．What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A．The methods researchers used to collect information from teens. B．The findings about brain areas influenced by long-term isolation. C．The solutions to prevent long-term social isolation among teenagers. D．The reasons why teenagers prefer staying alone instead of going out. 4．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．Being alone voluntarily leads to negative emotions. B．Timely help protects teenagers from lasting brain harm. C．Using screens sometimes is harmful to the social brain. D．Social isolation mainly influences social understanding. 2． 【新情境】 ①These days, teenagers have a lot of pressure, from school to family. When stress comes, it’s easy to forget to care for themselves. Here are some ways for keeping your body and mind healthy. ②Spend time each day doing relaxing activities. Meditation (冥想) is a good way because it makes you relaxed. You can also try yoga which helps to keep your body and mind relaxed. If you don’t like meditation or yoga, then try swimming or running. Such exercise can help to improve your physical health and reduce your stress. ③Try to get more sleep. Most teenagers need eight to nine hours of sleep a night to show the best in themselves. Sleep and wake up at regular times as well so that your body can follow a regular sleep habit. ④Connect with nature. Spending time outside can help to cheer you up and make you think about life in a different way. So climb mountains, ride your bike, or simply take a walk in the park. Take your eyes off your books and you need to look at the trees and sky. ⑤Pay attention to what you eat. Poor food can make you feel weak and unhappy, while healthy food energizes you. Try to cut down the number of snacks and fast food which usually include salt, sugar, and solid fats. Eat more healthy foods like fresh nuts, fruits, and vegetables. ⑥These steps don’t take a lot of time or effort. However, they will make a difference in improving your mental and physical health. 1．Which of the following are mentioned as relaxing activities? ①Meditation.    ②Yoga.    ③Sleeping.    ④Running. A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④ 2．What can we know from the passage? A．These days most teenagers pay much attention to their health. B．It’s necessary for teenagers to sleep for eight to nine hours a night. C．The writer thinks teenagers shouldn’t eat snacks or fast food. D．Yoga isn’t so good for improving health as swimming or running. 3．Which of the following can show the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To ask teenagers to study harder at school. B．To explain why teenagers have a lot of pressure. C．To let teenagers do exercise as much as possible. D．To tell teenagers how to deal with pressure and stay healthy. 3． 【新情境】 Our kids are the future. They have the right to learn about our country. It is your responsibility, as a parent, to make sure your kids know about the economy. Here are some tips to help you teach your kids about economy. Join Learning Activities. One of the best ways to teach a child something is to develop his brain with fun activities. The game of Monopoly (大富翁) is a great way to explain the simple knowledge of finances (金融). Your local library may also have fun activities or books that can help you teach your child about the economy. Have Daily Conversations. Repetition is the key to learning about the economy. At first, you should talk about its rules, such as how money works or how loans (贷款) work. After that, you can explain some important terms (术语) and why they are important. Answer Every Question with a Simple Explanation. Your children will have a hard time to understand difficult words and sentences. You need to do your best to explain things in very simple words and terms. It can help children understand easily. Take Your Kids on Field Trips. Sometimes, the best way to learn something is to see it. For example, if you take your kids to a museum of American history, you can show them how different the economy was at different times in the nation’s history. 1．What is the best way for parents to develop their children’s brain in a fun way? A．Join Learning Activities. B．Have Daily Conversations. C．Answer Every Question with a Simple Explanation. D．Take Your Kids on Field Trips. 2．The underlined word “that” refers to ________. A．repeating important terms B．talking about the rules C．explaining important terms D．having conversations with kids 3．What can parents do to help their kids understand better, according to the material? A．Play fun games with them or read books to them. B．Say the most important information at first. C．Explain difficult words in a clear and simple way. D．Tell them more useful information. 4．What can we learn from the material? A．The game of Monopoly is of little help in understanding the economy. B．Children should learn terms about the economy before knowing the rules. C．Parents should make a great effort in dealing with their kids’ questions. D．Different periods of time in history had the same economy. 抢分04 智能生活 1． 【新情境·AI带来的负面困扰】 Do you care about the environment? If so, you might feel a bit unsure about using AI chatbots after learning how they work. Every time you ask an AI chatbot a question, the data centers (数据中心) behind it consume electricity to think and respond. In the process, they also give off heat. Keeping those powerful computers cool requires large amounts of fresh water. Asking AI one or two — or even a thousand — questions won’t harm the Earth much. But consider what would happen if thousands of people consume AI at the same time. These small environmental costs would quickly add up. That doesn’t mean you have to avoid using AI. However, you can be more thoughtful about when and how you use it. For simple tasks, such as checking a store’s opening hours, a traditional search engine is usually the better choice. A normal web search consumes about ten times less energy than asking AI. If you have a trickier question, then it’s worth turning to an AI chatbot. In some cases, using AI may even be better for the environment than doing the task yourself. For example, an AI model can create a picture in about a minute. Drawing the same picture yourself might take an hour on your computer. During that time, you and your computer would consume as much — if not more — energy. “The real question isn’t, ‘Will AI influence the environment?’ It clearly will,” said Bill Tomlinson, a computer science professor. “You should ask yourself, ‘What are you replacing?’” AI models consume more energy for every extra word they process. For this reason, you can save energy by asking AI for brief answers when long ones aren’t necessary. Also, keep your questions short and to the point. There’s no need to add “please” or “thank you.” The AI model won’t take it personally. 1．What does the word “consume” most likely mean? A．Save or keep. B．Use up or take in. C．Waste or destroy. D．Require or demand. 2．Why does the writer recommend using traditional search engines for simple tasks? A．They give more exact answers for simple questions. B．They provide faster results with less network delay. C．They consume less energy than AI for the same task. D．They allow users to get answers without AI mistakes. 3．What can we learn about AI’s effect on the environment? A．AI’s environmental effect is small if millions of people use it. B．Repeated AI use has no greater effect than just one use. C．New technology will stop AI’s environmental problems. D．The environmental cost grows quickly when many people use AI at once. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．We need to use AI carefully to reduce harm to Earth. B．Search engines are always better than AI chatbots. C．We should stop using AI to protect nature. D．The harm AI does to nature is not important. 2． 【新情境·科技进步】 In recent years, China has made great progress in science and technology. From space to the deep sea, from smart machines to clean energy, our country is now a leader in many important fields. Every Chinese can be proud of these achievements. Our scientists and engineers work hard day and night, using their knowledge to make new discoveries and create helpful inventions for people everywhere. In space, China has its own space station, Tiangong, where Chinese astronauts live and work. They do experiments (实验) and study how to live in space. The Chang’e project has successfully brought back moon rocks, helping us learn about the moon. Tianwen-1 has landed on Mars (火星), making China one of the few countries to land space machines on the red planet. On Earth, the “China Sky Eye” is the world’s largest radio telescope (望远镜). It listens to signals (信号) from faraway stars and helps scientists understand our universe better. These amazing projects show China’s growing abilities and bright thinking. In daily life, Chinese technology makes life better and easier. High-speed trains connect cities safely and quickly, saving people’s travel time. The BeiDou system (系统), made by China, helps millions find their way when driving, walking, or even farming. In smart machines, Chinese companies create helpful robots and smart programs that can talk with people, help with housework, or make work simpler. China also leads in clean energy, producing more solar panels (太阳电池板) and using more wind power than any other country. This helps protect our Earth and gives us cleaner air to breathe. All these successes show China’s strong ability to make new and useful things. More young Chinese are now choosing to study science, technology, engineering, and math. This means our country’s future in technology will be even brighter. We should all work hard, study well, and stay curious to help China do more in technology. Together, we can make our country stronger, smarter, and better, creating a beautiful future for everyone. 1．The writer begins the passage by describing China’s technological progress to show that ________. A．China leads in all technology fields B．China has improved fast in many areas C．China started its technology work long ago D．China is the only country with good technology 2．What is mentioned as an achievement of China’s space program? A．Making smart home robots. B．Making the cheapest solar panels. C．Landing a space machine on Mars. D．Building the fastest train in the world. 3．How does the writer show that Chinese technology is everywhere in daily life? A．By saying how technology helps students. B．By telling how many people use computers. C．By comparing China’s technology with others’. D．By giving examples like fast trains and the BeiDou system. 4．What does the writer think about China’s future in technology? A．Technology will only work on space travel. B．Technology will need help from other countries. C．It will be harder because technology costs more money. D．It’ll be better because more young people are studying technology. 3． 【新情境·新材料】 Are you sad because you bought a phone less than a year ago and now have to charge  (充电) it twice a day? In the future, a shot to the battery might solve the problem, a recent study suggested. Researchers at Fudan University found a way to make old batteries last much longer. Their study was published on February 12 in the leading science journal Nature. How does a lithium-ion (锂离子) battery work? It uses lithium ions to store and give out energy. But over time, some of these ions become “dead”, which reduces the battery’s life. When a battery’s power drops below 80% of its original (原始的) level, it is considered failed. This problem has been like this since the invention of the lithium-ion in 1990. Instead of dead batteries, the Chinese researchers saw them as sick patients. If the broken part can be fixed, the battery can be made good again. They injected (注射) an organic (有机的) lithium salt into the batteries. This chemical replaced the “dead” lithium and made the batteries healthy again. The treatment can be done many times. As a result, the number of charges could increase from between 500 to 2,000 to as many as 60,000. This has never been achieved before. The magical treatment can not only solve your phone’s battery problem but also help China and the world in many other ways. China is the world’s leading producer of lithium-ion batteries, making about 70% of the world’s total. It also uses many of them in new energy vehicles (车辆) and in storing solar and wind power. Longer-lasting batteries mean lower costs for car owners and the power industry. Last but not least, they can help cut the rising pollution caused by making and throwing away batteries. 1．What does the word “shot” in the first paragraph most probably mean? A．子弹 B．射门 C．注射 D．拍照 2．According to the passage, what happens when a lithium-ion battery becomes “dead”? A．It stops working completely and cannot be used again. B．Its power drops below 80% of its original level. C．It needs to be charged five times a day. D．Its organic lithium salt runs out. 3．What can we know from the last paragraph about the new battery treatment? A．It may greatly cut down battery change costs. B．It has already been used in most new phones. C．It will make batteries last forever without any loss. D．It works better for car batteries than for phone batteries. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．How to Charge Your Phone Less Often B．A “Shot” to Give Old Batteries New Life C．The History of Lithium-ion Batteries D．Why China Produces the Most Batteries 4． 【新情境·智能机器人】 During this year’s Spring Festival, Mount Tai in Shandong Province introduced a creative exoskeleton robot (外骨骼机器人). This wearable tool is designed to help with climbing. It draws attention for its ability to make the hard mountain climbing easier, especially for the elderly and the mobility-impaired. Weighing 1.8 kg, the exoskeleton is worn around the waist (腰) and legs. The exoskeleton is controlled by AI technology. It senses the wearer’s movement and offers necessary help to reduce tiredness. A 68-year-old tourist shared, “It works! My legs didn’t hurt after wearing it.” The exoskeleton was introduced to give elderly visitors a better chance to enjoy the mountain scenery while climbing. “Taking a cable (缆绳) car limits the view, but with these robots, they can truly experience climbing,” said a worker in Mount Tai. This has caused wider discussions about using exoskeletons in elderly care. A tech company focusing on exoskeleton research and development plans to come out with a new model this year, with lighter materials and smarter algorithms (算法). “Larger-area use will lower costs and make them less expensive for families,” its manager said. It’s believed that with the development of technology, more high-tech products like exoskeletons will show up in daily life. They will provide people with a more convenient life. 1．What does the underlined word “mobility-impaired” mean in Paragraph 1? A．Someone who has the ability to move easily. B．Someone who has a serious cut on his hand. C．Someone who has difficulty moving. D．Someone who has a common cold. 2．The exoskeleton robot can mainly help the elderly________according to the passage. A．walk without the legs B．go on a cable car tour C．lower tiredness in legs D．enjoy the mountain air 3．Why does the worker in Mount Tai mention the cable car? A．To show the cable car is more convenient. B．To explain the high cost of the exoskeleton. C．To compare the weights of different climbing tools. D．To describe the robot’s advantage in real climbing. 4．What can we infer (推断) about the future of exoskeleton robots? A．They will only be used for climbing Mount Tai. B．They will be too expensive for common families. C．They will totally replace traditional climbing tools. D．They will be common in elderly care and daily life. 抢分05 绿色低碳 1． 【新情境·海洋污染】 Plastic pollution is a big problem for our oceans. Every year, millions of tons of plastic waste end up in the sea. In the water, plastic breaks into tiny pieces called microplastics. These tiny pieces hurt fish, seabirds, and other ocean animals. Scientists have found something surprising: many ocean bacteria (细菌) are learning to eat plastic. Researchers found a type of bacteria that could break down PET plastic—the kind used in water bottles. After that, scientists wanted to know if similar bacteria lived in the ocean. To find out, a team led by Dr. Carlos Duarte collected more than 400 ocean water samples from around the world. Using AI and genetic testing, the researchers looked for a special enzyme (酶) called PETase. This enzyme is like a tool that helps bacteria break down PET plastic. They found a special sign called the M5 motif that shows an enzyme can eat plastic. And the result was amazing: nearly 80% of the water samples had bacteria with this enzyme. These bacteria lived everywhere—from surface water with lots of plastic to the deep sea, two kilometers below the surface. Dr. Duarte explains: “In the ocean, where food is hard to find, microbes seem to have learned to use plastic as a new food source.” In other words, bacteria are treating our plastic waste as food. But there is bad news too. These bacteria break down plastic very slowly. They cannot clean up the plastic that is already in the ocean. “By the time plastics reach the deep sea, the harm to sea life has already been done,” says Dr. Duarte. Still, there is hope. The enzymes found in the deep sea give scientists new ideas. Researchers can study these enzymes and make them better in the lab. This could help us build better plastic recycling systems on land, and maybe one day even at home. Nature has started to fight back against plastic pollution. Now it is our turn to help. 1．Based on the passage, what can we most reasonably infer about the bacteria that can eat PET plastic? A．They evolved (进化) this ability after humans started putting plastic into the ocean. B．They will completely clean up all the plastic in the ocean within the next few years. C．They were created by scientists in a laboratory and then released into the ocean. D．They only live in surface water and cannot survive in the deep sea. 2．Which sentence should go in the empty box in paragraph 2? A．But nature may be fighting back. B．Therefore, humans must stop using plastic. C．However, bacteria cannot survive in the ocean. D．As a result, the problem is getting worse every day. 3．Which of the following best describes how the passage is organized? A．Enzyme definition → Past research → future trend B．Scientists’ findings → Bacteria’s action → Readers’ hope C．Problem → Experiment → Warning → Ways D．Problem → Discovery → Limitation →Hope 4．What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To persuade readers to stop using plastic products immediately. B．To inform readers about a new scientific discovery and its possible uses. C．To describe how plastic pollution harms different sea animals. D．To teach readers how to recycle plastic at home. 2． 【新情境·海洋污染】 Chinese researchers have found a new microbial weed (杂草) killer. It can control weeds without polluting the environment and also helps crops (农作物) grow. It may take the place of traditional chemical weed killers in the future. The discovery was made by a research team led by Sun Juan from Qingdao Agricultural University after years of hard work. The team spent a long time doing research and testing to make sure the new weed killer is safe and useful. Their findings were recently published online in an international magazine called Crop Protection and got worldwide attention. Alfalfa (苜蓿草) is one of the world’s most important crops to feed animals. However, it has long been a big problem in growing alfalfa. Farmers usually use lots of chemical weed killers to get rid of the weeds. These chemicals not only pollute the land and water but also bring serious risks to food safety and human health. To solve the problems, the research team found a new kind of fungus (真菌) in the soil (土壤) around alfalfa roots. They named it MXBP304. It can help kill weed seeds but do little harm to alfalfa’s seeds to sprout or the growth of young alfalfa plants. It also keeps the natural balance of the soil, so it can control weeds in a “zero pollution” way. Now the team is still working hard to improve MXBP304 and related technologies. They want to put the eco-friendly weed killer into practical use soon. If it is successfully used, farmers will have a greener and safer way to control weeds. 1．Who found the new kind of weed killer? A．A farmer from Qingdao. B．A team from a university. C．A researcher from Crop Protection. D．A group from a farming company. 2．What problem have farmers had in growing alfalfa for a long time? A．Costing too much. B．Not enough land. C．Controlling weeds safely. D．Not enough water. 3．What does the underlined word “sprout” probably mean? A．Die in the soil. B．Be eaten by insects. C．Turn into weeds. D．Produce new leaves. 4．Why does the writer write the passage? A．To introduce an eco-friendly discovery. B．To warn people about the dangers of weeds. C．To teach readers the way of growing alfalfa. D．To advertise some famous Chinese inventions. 3． 【新情境·湿地的作用】 If you search for places of beauty, wetlands probably won’t be high on your list. Wetlands are areas of land that are often completely wet with water. The roles that the wetlands play in nature might go beyond many people’s imagination. Wetlands appear naturally in almost every part of the world. There are many different types of wetlands on Earth. Along with rainforests, they are among the most diverse (多样的) places on Earth. Besides natural wetlands, humans are also creating man-made ones for a number of purposes about water management. One of the main advantages of wetlands is that they can prevent floods. They do so by storing water for a certain time and then slowly releasing (释放) it over time. Wetlands operate similarly to a sponge (海绵). When it rains heavily and water levels rise, they take in the extra water which may cause floods. Then, when water levels become low later, they will release it. In many cases, wetlands offer a much more natural way than dams (坝). However, it’s important to note that wetlands, like dams, don’t stop all dangers from flooding. Wetlands also play a part in cleaning water. Farming actions and city waste are main causes of water pollution. Wetlands include plants and organisms that can reduce this pollution. Wetlands have other advantages for the environment as well. They can help to feed nearby fish populations by releasing something that can be used as food for them into rivers. Also, many animals like frogs use wetlands as baby-raising grounds because they provide the place for catching food and the water required. Although wetlands may not look pretty, it’s clear that they are able to do the important work which is necessary to make sure that the circle of life remains unbroken. 1．What are wetlands according to the passage? A．Dry land with many rare plants. B．Land areas that are often fully covered with water. C．Man-made places for water management only. D．The most beautiful natural places in the world. 2．What does the underlined word “operate” probably mean in Paragraph 3? A．Look. B．Work. C．Change. D．Form. 3．Which of the following is NOT a way wetlands help the environment? A．Cleaning water by reducing pollution. B．Providing food and living places for animals. C．Feeding nearby fish populations indirectly. D．Stopping all the flood dangers completely. 4．We can infer from the passage that ________. A．wetlands are less diverse than rainforests B．man-made wetlands have no environmental value C．wetlands are important for keeping the food chain balanced D．most people know the great importance of wetlands well 2 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $