Unit5一对一讲义2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 5 Section A 1a-2c 一、单词巩固 1. temper n. 2. earthquake n. 3. typhoon n. 4. wildfire n. 5. snowstorm n. 6. flood n. 7. drought n. 8. warn v. 9. do chores 10. wave n./v. 11. tsunami n. 12. interview v./n. 13. slow down 14. neighbourhood n. 15. roof n. 16. nearly adv. 17. come off 18. report v. 19. trouble n. /v. 二、知识点练习 （一）课内练习 1、英汉互译 1. 暴风雨；暴雨 __________ 2. 闹钟 __________ 3. （闹钟）发出响声 __________ 4. 接电话 __________ 5. 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 __________ 6. 进入梦乡；睡着 __________ 7. fall down __________ 8. beat against the window __________ 9. have a look __________ 10. When the rainstorm came, I was reading in the library. __________ 2、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The alarm clock __________ (go off) at 6:30 every morning. 2. I __________ (read) a novel when the rainstorm suddenly came. 3. The wind was blowing __________ (heavy) and the rain beat against the windows. 4. After the storm, many trees __________ (fall) down on the street. 5. She couldn’t fall __________ (sleep) because of the noisy rain. 6. The radio is giving a weather __________ (report) about the coming storm. （二）阅读专练 When I was in middle school, I experienced a strong earthquake. One afternoon I was listening to the teacher carefully when the ground began to shake. Desks and chairs hit each other, and books fell from desks. Everyone panicked at first, but thanks to our regular earthquake drills(演习),we quickly calmed down. We got under our desks to protect ourselves. When the shaking stopped, the teacher guided us out of the classroom in order. Outside, we saw the windows of our library break. The roof of our dining hall nearly came off. We quickly got to the playground. There we stood in lines by class, and teachers called the roll(点名) to make sure no one was missing. We still felt light aftershocks, but everyone stayed calm with teachers and classmates around. Later, parents arrived to pick up their children. After I returned home with my parents, I found that our house was a mess. But I didn't care. I was just so glad because my family was safe. That night, we learned that the earthquake caused a lot of damage to the city. Many buildings fell down and lots of people lost their homes and families. I was sad to hear that. From the experience, I know natural disasters are unexpected, but being prepared through drills can protect us. 1.What was the writer doing when the ground started shaking? A. Reading at the library. B. Eating at the dining hall. C. Playing on the playground. D. Taking a class in the classroom. 2.Why could the students calm down quickly? A. Because they had regular earthquake drills. B. Because the teacher comforted them. C. Because the earthquake was not strong. D. Because the shaking ended quickly. 3.How did the writer's feelings change according to the passage? A. Scared sad lucky. B. Scared lucky sad. C. Calm sad surprised. D. Lucky worried scared. 4.What did the writer learn from this experience? A. Predicting earthquakes can save people's lives. B. Preparations for natural disasters are important. C. It's important to stay with your family during disasters. D. Staying calm in dangerous situations can prevent injuries. 完形填空 Grace Darling was a very brave（勇敢的） girl. She lived in a lighthouse（灯塔）with her father. One night there was a terrible storm. A ship suddenly hit the      (1)     . The wind was so      (2)      that the lighthouse keeper couldn't take his boat out to save the people on the ship. All night long the terrible waves were      (3)      against the ship and at last broke it up. The storm lasted all night. It seemed that no one could      (4)     . When morning was coming, Grace Darling could see that a few people were     (5)      on the ship. So she asked her father to go to help them. Though she was only a young girl, she went with her father and helped      (6)      to row（划船）. She didn't      (7)      herself. All she wanted was to save the poor people on the broken      (8)     . In the end, Grace and her father reached them. It wasn't easy to get them on their little boat, because they were nearly frozen with cold, and could      (9)      move. But they tried their best and at last they      (10)      in taking the few remaining people to the lighthouse. It was because of Grace's great courage（勇气） that their lives were saved. 1.A. chairs B. roofs C. stages D. rocks 2.A. sick B. strong C. rich D. poor 3.A. beating B. touching C. arguing D. protecting 4.A. stop B. enter C. die D. survive 5.A. still B. also C. even D. never 6.A. me B. you C. him D. her 7.A. look after B. think of C. search for D. agree with 8.A. earth B. ship C. pool D. beach 9.A. hardly B. early C. nearly D. quickly 10.A. failed B. succeeded C. joined D. believed 课后作业 阅读理解（主题：人与自然 -- 自然灾害・龙卷风） 阅读短文，完成下列小题。 One Saturday Maria and I had a 30-mile bike ride. It seemed perfect. We started at 7:00 a.m. in beautiful spring weather. At 10:30 a.m., when we stopped for a rest, dark clouds rolled in from the southeast. A stinging wind blew in our faces. There was no way to stay out of the thunderstorm. We would have to ride it out. The temperature dropped suddenly. I looked up and saw the sky turned dark green. Trees and crops bent over under the wind. No animals were in sight. Then a blue car stopped beside our bikes. The driver shouted, "Get in!" She looked scared, and so did we. We did as she said. That was when the hail (冰雹) started. It, the size of golf balls, hit the windows of the car. She drove fast to the north. Maria and I looked back at the black sky. Maria screamed, "Tornado!" I could see trees, cars, and all kinds of other things that this monster swallowed. My heart moved up to my throat and was beating so hard. I thought it would jump out of my body. I had never seen a tornado before. I was sure we would never run faster than the tornado! The driver turned to us and said calmly, "There's an overpass (立交桥) ahead. We'll stay under it for protection." When we parked, we jumped out of the car and ran to the wall of the overpass. Before I could count to 20, there came a loud noise. It sounded like a train passing overhead. Suddenly, it was over. We made it. Maria and I were all laughing with relief (轻松). We were shaken but excited. What a story I would have to tell at school! （ ）1.What was the writer doing on the day of the tornado? A. Resting at home. B. Playing outside. C. Riding a bike. D. Driving a car. （ ）2.What happened first when the tornado began? A. Dark clouds rolled up B. The hail came suddenly. C. The temperature dropped. D. Animals ran out of sight. （ ）3.What is the right order of the story? ①The woman drove to the overpass. ②Maria and I had a bike ride. ③A thunderstorm was blowing our way. ④Ice hit the windows of the car. ⑤We got into a woman's car. A.②③①④⑤ B.②③⑤④① C.③②⑤④① D.③②④⑤① （ ）4.Which of the following can be put in Paragraph 3? A. Things got better slowly. B. Then everything worked out well. C. It seemed that the weather got hot. D. Then things went from bad to worse. （ ）5. What can we infer from the driver's calm behavior (表现)? A. She didn't feel afraid at all. B. She may have some experience in dealing with tornadoes. C. She also felt very scared. D. She knew the overpass could certainly keep them safe. （三）阅读还原 阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容，从短文后的方框中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，使短文内容完整，意思通顺。选项中有一项多余。 （主题：人与自然 -- 自然灾害・地震） On 18 December 2023, a big earthquake hit Jishishan County in Gansu. Ding Xiaolong was a sleep at home when the earthquake happened.1. He felt lucky to be alive but he was sorry for what happened to his friend's family. 1. 2. He was working in another city then. The friend asked Ding to see if his family were OK. However, all of the houses had fallen down. 3.____ All four members of his friend's family had lost their lives. Ma Shijun,a student at Dahejia Middle School, ran out of the dormitory (宿舍) without shoes or a coat. Following the earthquake, teachers quickly asked all of the students to go to the playground. Ma said, "4. " Members of the Blue Sky Rescue Team set up lots of tents. Some villages provided hot water. Taxi drivers were busy carrying the injured to hospitals. 5 . "Life is the most important, "said the head of a hospital. "There is hope as long as people are alive." A. He went to look for his family. B. He couldn't find his house. C. Ding started to search, but it was too late. D. After the earthquake, Ding got a phone call from his friend. E. Medical teams also came to help those in need. F. When I saw more and more rescue workers arriving, I found myself less afraid. Unit 5 Section A 3a-4c 一、单词巩固 1. relative 2. truck 3. supply 4. preparation 5. make preparations 6. power 7. soundly 8. thick 9. beat 10. hide 11. tornado 二、课文回顾 三、语法专项 三、知识点练习 （一）课内练习 用所给单词或短语的正确形式填空。注意：有些词可能需要变化形式（如动词时态、名词单复数等）。 1. My grandfather is my closest __________. I visit him every weekend.（亲属） 2. A big __________ was carrying vegetables to the supermarket.(卡车) 3. The hospital has a good __________ of medicine for emergencies.（供应） 4. Before the trip, we did a lot of __________, like booking hotels and packing bags.（prepare） 5. Please __________ for the exam. You should start studying now.(做好准备) 6. The president gave a speech full of __________, and everyone listened carefully.（力量） 7. After a long walk, I was so tired that I slept __________ all night.（sound） 8. The book is very __________. It has over 500 pages.(厚的) 9. The rain __________ against the window loudly. 10. The little boy wanted to __________ behind the door and scare his mom. 11. A __________ can destroy houses in seconds. It is very dangerous. （二）语法精练 Ⅰ. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. I ______ (watch) TV when she ______ (call). 2. When the phone ______ (ring), she ______ (write) a letter. 3. While we ______ (have) a picnic, it ______ (start) to rain. 4. The door bell ______ (ring) while my mother ______ (make) the bed. 5. My mother ______ (work) while I ______ (do) my homework. 6. He ______ (play) computer games when his mother ______ (come) back home. 7. I ______ (read) a book when the light ______ (go) out. 8. They ______ (walk) in the park when it ______ (begin) to rain heavily. 9. She ______ (cook) dinner when I ______ (knock) at the door. 10. The students ______ (have) a class when the visitors ______ (arrive). 11. He ______ (leave) the office while I ______ (talk) with my friend. 12. My brother ______ (play) football when I ______ (see) him on the playground. 13. I ______ (take) a shower when the earthquake ______ (happen) last night. 14. While my father ______ (read) newspapers, my mother ______ (clean) the room. 15. She ______ (practice) the piano at this time yesterday. Ⅱ. 单项选择 ( )1. When Li Lei came into the room, his friends ______ for his birthday party. A. prepare B. prepared C. are preparing D. were preparing ( )2. —Helen, I didn't see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon. —Oh, I ______ singing for the graduation ceremony at that time. A. will practise B. have practised C. am practising D. was practising ( )3. When I saw Xiao Wang yesterday, he ______ an old man cross the road. A. helps B. was helping C. will help D. helped ( )4. My brother ______ his homework when I ______ home yesterday. A. did; got B. was doing; got C. did; was getting D. was doing; was getting ( )5. —What were you doing at 8 last night? —I ______ a movie with my parents. A. watch B. watched C. was watching D. am watching ( )6. While my mother ______ the housework, my father ______ a newspaper. A. did; read B. was doing; read C. did; was reading D. was doing; was reading ( )7. I ______ my homework when the telephone ______. A. did; was ringing B. was doing; rang C. did; rang D. was doing; was ringing ( )8. —______ you ______ TV at 7 yesterday evening? —No, I was reading books. A. Do; watch B. Did; watch C. Were; watching D. Are; watching ( )9. The students ______ on the playground when it began to rain. A. run B. ran C. were running D. are running ( )10. While she ______, she ______ a beautiful song. A. cooked; was hearing B. was cooking; heard C. cooked; heard D. was cooking; was hearing ( )11. I ______ a shower when the earthquake happened last night. A. take B. took C. was taking D. am taking ( )12. —What was your sister doing at this time yesterday? —She ______ the guitar in her room. A. plays B. played C. was playing D. is playing ( )13. He ______ in the library when I saw him. A. reads B. read C. was reading D. is reading ( )14. While my father ______ newspapers, my mother ______ the room. A. read; was cleaning B. was reading; cleaned C. was reading; was cleaning D. read; cleaned ( )15. I ______ for the bus when I met my old friend. A. wait B. waited C. was waiting D. am waiting ( )16. He ______ his homework last night, so he couldn't go out with us. A. did B. was doing C. does D. is doing ( )17. When I got up this morning, my mom ______ breakfast in the kitchen. A. makes B. made C. was making D. is making ( )18. —What did you do last weekend? —I ______ fishing with my father. A. go B. went C. was going D. am going ( )19. While I ______ my homework, my sister ______ TV. A. did; watched B. was doing; watched C. did; was watching D. was doing; was watching ( )20. He ______ to bed when I ______ to his home last night. A. went; got B. was going; got C. went; was getting D. was going; was getting （三）阅读专练 The weatherman said there was going to be a terrible storm, but the weather was so nice. Molly's mother was going to buy some batteries (电池) in the corner store to prepare for the storm, although Molly thought it wasn't necessary. Her mum left and was back an hour later. It was about 6:00 p.m., and the sky began to turn dark because of the black clouds. The wind also started to pick up. Then the rain started to beat against the windows. The trees shook hard. Some of the neighbours’ plants fell off their windows.“I'm scared,” said Molly to her mother. The storm lasted for about thirty minutes, long enough to make the lights go out and the old trees fall over. Even Gretchen, the cat, was staying quietly under the sofa. Molly's mother lit some candles so they could see their way around the house.“What about dinner?” asked Molly. Her mother bought some fish when she went to the corner store.“I had a feeling that we wouldn't be able to cook, so I bought the food and some bread,” said Molly's mother. They ate the fish and the bread by candlelight. “You know, this is kind of fun. It's almost like camping,” said Molly. Later that night, the lights came back on. Molly said,“Although it was a scary time, my mother stayed with me all the time.” 5.Why did Molly's mother go to the corner store? A. To get some newspapers. B. To get candles. C. To get batteries. D. To get cat food. 6.What did Molly eat for dinner? A. Some cakes. B. The fish and the bread. C. She ate nothing at all. D. Some cat food. 7.What does the underlined word “lit” mean in Paragraph 2? A. To make something start to burn. B. To make a fire stop burning. C. To offer something for people to buy. D. To make something fall quickly. 8.What can we know from the passage? A. Molly's mother got wet because of the rainstorm. B. The rainstorm started in the morning. C. The rainstorm lasted for about half an hour. D. Gretchen liked staying quietly under the sofa all the time. 9.What is the best title for the passage? A. A Night with a Rainstorm B. Molly and Her Cat C. Molly's Busy Night D. Mum's Trip to the Store 完形填空 “Boys and girls, today we are going on （11） special trip to the fire station to meet Charlie, a firefighter,” Mr Clark told the class. The children all jumped up and down in （12）. When they arrived at the fire station, Charlie greeted them （13） and showed them around.“Who wants to try the fire hose(消防水带)?” he asked. Alex raised his hand quickly,“Me! I can't wait （14） it!” he said. But when he tried to hold the hose, he （15） to lift it by himself. It was too heavy. Charlie smiled,“Sometimes, things are easier （16） we work together.” He called on more kids to join Alex. （17） their help, Alex finally made it.“Great job!” Charlie said.“Remember, even though you're strong, you need others' help. Teamwork can make us much （18）!” Everyone nodded in agreement. （19） a meaningful class! As the class got ready to leave, Alex walked over to Charlie and asked,“Charlie, can I be a firefighter when I grow up?” Charlie smiled and said,“You can be whatever you want to be. The best thing you can be is （20）.” 11.A. a B. an C. the 12.A. excited B. exciting C. excitement 13.A. warm B. warmly C. warmth 14.A. to try B. try C. trying 15.A. fail B. fails C. failed 16.A. before B. unless C. when 17.A. With B. In C. On 18.A. strong B. stronger C. strongest 19.A. How B. What C. Which 20.A. your B. yours C. yourself 课后作业 A Do you have anything special that you will never forget? Here is      (1)      true story in my life. It was in the      (2)      (one) day of March, 1982. I was      (3)      vacation and stayed at home that week.      (4)      the tornado came, it was always windy. My dog stood outside and did something strange. She never acted like that before. In the evening, we      (5)      (eat) dinner when the tornado sirens（警报器）went off. My best friend's dad stood on his car. He tried his best      (6)      (see) where the tornado might be. Suddenly, he turned back and started shouting,"Get inside! Get inside now!" Hearing his      (7)      (word), I knew the tornado was coming. My parents and I      (8)      (hide) at home quietly. Our dog also waited      (9)     (nervous). My dad said,"Here it comes. Get ready!" In a few minutes, we heard the low sound getting louder and louder. I even thought it was      (10)      (loud) noise that I've ever heard. It was really scary. Finally, it was over. After the tornado, our dog ran to us quickly. Through such a terrible experience, we realized the value（价值）of life. B After a heavy storm in the sea, a man was washed up on a small island in the dark. As the morning came, he   (11)   (find) himself lying next to a big rock and there were pieces of wood of his ship on the sand. He walked around only to find it was an island   (12)   anyone else. Because of the terrible situation, he had to make a place to live and protect himself first. He came up with   (13)   idea. Then he built a little hut（棚屋）with the wood of his ship. The longer he lived on the island, the   (14)   (good) he could care for himself.   (15)   it was difficult, he seemed to get used to living alone on the island. But then, one day, when the man came back from looking for food, dark smoke   (16)   (rise) up to the sky from his hut at that time. There was a fire! To make things worse, the wind helped the fire make everything in a mess. The man couldn't put out the fire. He cried and just waited for his   (17)   (die). Early the next day, the man was   (18)   (shock) to see a ship landing on the island. “How did you know I was here?” asked the man. “As soon as we noticed the smoke, we decided   (19)   (have) a look,” the sailor（驾船人）answered. In the end, the man was saved. When things are going bad, we may feel like giving up   (20)   (easy). But we should remember, even our little hut has gone, the smoke may help. For all the bad situations, we should always believe there is still a good answer for it. Unit 5 Section B 1a-1d 一、单词巩固 1. worst 2. schoolgirl 3. froth 4. unfortunately 5. refuse 6. security 7. guard 8. nearby 9. scream 10. thankfully 11. knowledge 12. yhinking 13. as soon as 14. hero 二、课文回顾 三、知识点练习 （一）课内练习 1、选词填空（从方框中选择正确的单词填入句子） | worst | schoolgirl | froth | unfortunately | refuse | security | guard | nearby | scream | thankfully | knowledge | thinking | as soon as | hero | 1. The __________ was nervous before her first day at the new school. 2. Please __________ to shout inside the library. 3. The coffee had too much __________ on top, so I scooped it off. 4. __________, it started to rain right before the outdoor concert began. 5. A __________ stood at the entrance, checking everyone’s ID. 6. She let out a loud __________ when she saw the spider. 7. __________, no one was hurt in the accident. 8. His __________ of history is impressive for someone so young. 9. The store is __________, just a fiveminute walk away. 10. That was the __________ meal I’ve ever had at a restaurant. warn, usual, preparation, power, sudden, rescue, hero, thankful, thick, flood 1. The river rose and _____________ many houses last night. 2. Thanks to the brave _____________, the boy was saved in time. 3. We should be _____________ for the help from others. 4. Do you know the _____________ of this piece of wood? 5. It is _____________ for him to be late for school. 6. The government gave a _____________ about the coming storm. 7. We are busy with the _____________ for the sports meeting. 8. The machine is very _____________ and works well. 9. We look up to those _____________ who help people in need. 10. _____________, it began to rain heavily. (二)阅读理解 An earthquake happened in Luding, Sichuan Province in China at 12:52 p. m. on 5th September, 2022. What were you doing when you heard the news? We asked some people about it and here are their answers. That afternoon, I came back from the supermarket and then turned on my computer. Then I read the news saying an earthquake happened in Luding half an hour ago. Then I looked through a lot of information online. Dave When my cousin told me that an earthquake happened in Luding, I was doing my homework in the bedroom. I was surprised and turned on my computer quickly to go online. I was really worried about the local (当地的) people. Sally I was playing the guitar when I got a text message from my classmate Ted. He just said, “An earthquake happened in Luding just now.” I thought he was just joking. Then I put my guitar down and began to go on the Internet. It turned out that the news was true. I told my mother the news. She was very surprised. Leo I don’t usually watch TV on weekdays. That afternoon I finished my homework earlier than before, so I turned on the TV. I got the news from the reporters on TV. Alice 1．When did Dave read the news about the earthquake? A．At 12:52 p. m. B．At 1:10 p. m. C．At 1:12 p. m. D．At 1:22 p. m. 2．According to the material, Leo ________. A．didn’t believe the news at first B．was worried about the local people C．was doing his homework when the earthquake happened D．was playing the guitar with Ted when the earthquake happened 3．Who got the news from the TV? A．Dave. B．Alice. C．Leo. D．Sally. 4．What can we learn from the material? A．Leo’s father was sad about the news. B．Dave wasn’t at home when the earthquake happened. C．Alice usually watches TV on weekdays. D．Sally went to the supermarket that afternoon. 5．In which part of a newspaper can you read the material? A．School Life. B．Travel. C．Experiences. D．Science. （2） A terrible storm happened this morning. Four children were late for school, so their teacher asked what they were doing at that time. I was passing a bank. I had to wait for the storm to stop with so many people in it. I was there for about forty minutes. Then I took a taxi, but I was still a little late. Marc When it began, I was having breakfast with my uncle in a restaurant. He was a taxi driver and we had to stay there for twenty minutes. Then he drove me to school. Linda My mother was driving me to school when it happened. We had to stop at once and ran into a library quickly. It took us about thirty-five minutes to start to school again. On the half way, we helped to send an old solitary (孤独的) man home. Peter As the storm happened, I was walking near a subway station. I ran into it quickly. About ten minutes later, I met one of my old friends, Jill. We talked for about another ten minutes and then it stopped, so I continued walking to school. Molly 6．Where was Linda when the storm happened? A．In a bank. B．In a restaurant. C．In a library. D．In a subway station. 7．How did Marc go to school after the storm? A．On foot. B．By subway. C．By bus. D．By taxi. 8．How long did Molly stay in the subway station? A．About 40 minutes. B．About 20 minutes. C．About 35 minutes. D．About 10 minutes. 9．What did Molly do before getting to school? A．Read a book. B．Helped an old man. C．Met a friend. D．Got some money from the bank. 10．Who is the kindest to help others of all the children? A．Peter. B．Molly. C．Marc. D．Linda. 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能填入文中相应空白处的最佳答案。 Have you ever experienced anything really terrible that made you have scary dreams at night? One of the 1_________ experiences of mine was going through a storm. One morning when I was eight years old, the news on TV 2_________ that there was a storm that might soon move into our town. But my parents and I were not going to leave our house because we thought the 3_________ wouldn’t be too serious. Around 8:00 p.m., the wind began to blow. We could see the leaves flying everywhere. About an hour later, it started to rain 4_________. The branches of the trees started to break off. I felt the wind pushing me back 5_________. I opened the door. At about 10:00 p.m., I tried to fall asleep but the wind kept making noises. Suddenly, my parents and I heard a 6_________ noise and knew that something bad happened. The storm broke a 7_________ into pieces and started to come in. After seeing this, we were so 8_________ that we couldn’t say a word. We were in shock for a moment, and then we decided to do something. I used rubbish bags to cover the TV and computer. My parents used an old bed to block (堵住) the window. The wind was strong, so they found some wood to keep it in place. Luckily, the storm did not get worse. This storm experience made us 9_________ that storms are very dangerous. We should take them seriously and make full 10_________ before they come. ( )1. A. longest B. busiest C.happiest D. worst ( )2.A. pointed B. remembered C. reported D. shared ( )3. A. snow B. storm C. sunshine D. thunder ( )4. A. slowly B. hardly C. heavily D. lightly ( )5. A. now that B. as soon as C. even though D. so that ( )6. A. usual B. loud C. soft D. clear ( )7. A. table B. chair C. door D. window ( )8. A. shocked B. low C. unlucky D. joyful ( )9. A. realize B. wonder C. change D. imagine ( )10. A. information B. steps C. situations D. preparations 课后作业 阅读理解 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 My mother and I were staying in a town near Pompeii（庞贝）. The earth shook those days. That night, I was sleeping when the ground shook very hard. My mother rushed into my room to wake me up. We had to stay outside for the night. My mother was so scared. She didn’t shut her eyes for even one second. By six o’clock the next morning, many buildings were still shaking. We decided to leave the town. The road was crowded. We were at a place out of town. Just then, shocking things happened. Our coach (四轮大马车) couldn’t go straight ahead. It began to move from side to side. The sea moved back suddenly, and many sea animals were left on the sand. We noticed a very dark cloud over Mount Vesuvius (维苏威火山). Soon, the cloud moved down and covered the sea. My mother asked me to continue without her, but I refused to leave her behind. We moved on while the cloud was spreading over the land like a flood. It turned day into night. The air was thick with smoke and ash (火山灰) began to fall in heavy showers. All around us, women were calling, children were crying and men were shouting. People were trying to find their families in the dark. Thankfully, after a while, the daylight returned! Everything was covered in ash, like the snow in winter. After a night of living between hope and fear, we had no thoughts of things to come. Pliny the Younger ( )1. Where were the writer and his mother staying? A. In Pompeii. B. In a town near Pompeii. C. On Mount Vesuvius. D. By the sea. ( )2. When did the ground shake very hard? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. At night. D. At noon. ( )3. What happened to the sea before the dark cloud spread? A. It became very rough. B. It moved back suddenly. C. It froze completely D. It rose quickly. ( )4. What is the passage mainly about? A. A trip to Mount Vesuvius. B. A terrible natural disaster the writer experienced. C. How to keep safe during an earthquake. D. The history of Pompeii. 三、短文还原 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 Typhoons are some of the worst storms, usually around the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea. Most happen in July, August and September. 1.________When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates (蒸发) into the air. This makes the air hotter. When the air gets warm enough, it starts to move higher up into the sky. Then cooler air around it rushes in. It fills the space that is left. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. The wind goes in circles (圆圈) and it keeps moving higher in the sky. 2.________ And when the wind moves faster than 30 metres a second, a typhoon begins. A typhoon has two parts. One is called the “eye”. In the eye, the wind does not move so fast. The other part is the wall of clouds around the eye. This is where the strongest winds and hardest rain are. 3. _________In November 2013, Typhoon Haiyan killed around 6,000 people in the Philippines. More people were badly hurt and some others were missing. 4. ___________ · Stay inside. Close all the windows and stay away from them. · Try to bring all of your things inside. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes! · Listen to the radio or watch TV for important information. · If you’re told to go to a safe place, do it right away. A. How does a typhoon happen? B. What should we do when a typhoon hits? C. Typhoons often happen in the hot months. D. Typhoons can be very dangerous sometimes. E. The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind moves. Unit 5 Section B 2a-3c 一、单词巩固1. landslide 2. safeguard 3. floodwater 4. manpower 5. heartbeat 6. rescue 7. heatwave 8. southwestern 9. firefighter 10. volunteer 11. terribly 12. alarm 13. go off 14. review 15. sudden 16. thunder 17. by the time 18. usual 19. out of breath 20. rainstorm 21. as a result 22. unlucky 二、知识点练习 （一）课内练习 一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. He is a bad-tempered boy. He always loses his ____________ (temper). 2. Many houses were flooded because of the heavy ____________ (rainy) last week. 3. The farmers are worried about the terrible ____________ (drought). 4. The teacher gave us a ____________ (warn) before the test. 5. I often help my mother do some ____________ (chore) at home. 6. She has long ____________ (wave) hair. 7. The ____________ (interview) asked me many difficult questions. 8. It is ____________ (possible) for us to finish the work in an hour. It’s too hard. 9. My uncle works as a ____________ (report) in a TV station. 10. The storm blew the ____________ (roof) off many houses. 11. She looked ____________ (trouble) when she heard the news. 12. He has no ____________ (relative) in this city. He lives alone. 13. The ____________ (truck) drove the truck carefully on the wet road. 14. We are busy with the ____________ (prepare) for the English party. 15. The ____________ (power) machine can cut down big trees easily. 16. He was so tired that he fell asleep ____________ (sound). 17. The ____________ (thick) of the ice is about 10 cm. 18. He ____________ (beat) the drum loudly just now. 19. There is a ____________ (hide) box under the bed. 20. This is the ____________ (bad) movie I have ever seen. 21. The beer has a lot of ____________ (froth) on top. 22. We all want to live in a ____________ (security) world. 23. The ____________ (guard) stopped him from entering the building. 24. I heard a loud ____________ (scream) in the dark. 25. ____________ (thank), nobody was hurt in the accident. 26. He is a ____________ (knowledge) teacher. He knows a lot. 27. She told me her ____________ (think) about the plan. 28. We admire those ____________ (hero) who saved people in the fire. 29. The ____________ (rescue) arrived quickly and saved the boy. 30. It is ____________ (usual) for him to get up late. He is always early. 二、选词填空，需用其适当形式填空。 warn, usual, preparation, power, sudden, rescue, hero, thankful, thick, flood 1. The river rose and _____________ many houses last night. 2. Thanks to the brave _____________, the boy was saved in time. 3. We should be _____________ for the help from others. 4. Do you know the _____________ of this piece of wood? 5. It is _____________ for him to be late for school. 6. The government gave a _____________ about the coming storm. 7. We are busy with the _____________ for the sports meeting. 8. The machine is very _____________ and works well. 9. We look up to those _____________ who help people in need. 10. _____________, it began to rain heavily. (二)阅读理解 Fifteen people died and 28 were missing after flash floods hit Yuzhong County and nearby areas in Lanzhou, Gansu Province. CCTV reported this news, at 6 p.m. on Saturday, according to the local flood control office. Heavy rains from Thursday to Friday caused the disaster. The rain was very heavy. In some places, 220 millimetres (毫米) of rain fell in just 15 hours. That’s more than half of what the area gets in a whole year! The floods damaged many things: roads were washed out, power lines fell down, and some houses were destroyed. Over 30,000 people had to leave their homes. They couldn’t get clean water or electricity easily. Two important roads were badly hit: the S104 highway and Xinghuang Road. Nearly 40 kilometres of these roads were damaged. These roads are very useful. People use them to carry food and other goods, and to go from one place to another. Now that the roads are closed, it's hard for workers to deliver (运送) aid to those in need. It's also difficult for people to go out daily. But many people are working hard to help. By 6 p.m. on Friday, the provincial transport department (省交通部门) had sent more than 40 big machines, like diggers, and over 200 workers. They worked to fix the roads. So far, they have opened three parts of the S104 highway and four parts of Xinghuang Road again. Other workers are trying to fix the power and water. Many companies are giving help too, like sending tents and food. The rescue and repair work is still going on. Everyone hopes things will get better soon. 21．How much rain fell compared to the area’s usual yearly rain? A．Double the yearly rain. B．Over half of yearly rain. C．About 1/3 of yearly rain. D．Exactly half of yearly rain. 22．What does the underlined word “diggers” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Tools cleaning water. B．Doctors saving people. C．Machines fixing roads. D．Helicopters (直升机) finding people. 23．Why did broken roads cause big trouble? A．They made all houses fall. B．They made the rain heavier. C．They broke power lines forever. D．They stopped help from coming and people from travelling. 24．What is the report mainly about? A．How many people were hurt. B．Why the heavy rain happened. C．Money lost from road damage. D．The flood’s harm and help given. 25．Why does the writer give numbers of machines and workers? A．To say help came too late. B．To compare different helpers. C．To explain why power went out. D．To show how hard people are working. （6） Yesterday I had one of the most terrible experiences of my life! A storm woke me up early. I got up and looked out of the window of our hotel. I listened to the thunder and watched the lightning. It wasn’t scary at that time—it was exciting! But then I looked at my phone and saw on the news that a hurricane was coming. I asked my dad what a hurricane was and asked him if he knew what to do. He told me not to worry because a hurricane was just a big storm. We stayed in our hotel room and by the afternoon, there was even more rain. And the winds were getting stronger and stronger. In the evening, a hotel worker asked all the visitors to go to the dining hall. When we were all inside, we put tables in front of the doors and then we got down on the floor together in the corner. We waited and waited. The winds got louder, the rain became heavier and then it suddenly went dark. I was so scared that I held my dad’s hand. We stayed there for a long time. Finally, morning arrived. ________ I felt so happy that we were safe. I hope I will never have a night like that again. 26．The writer learned what a hurricane was ________. A．on his phone B．from a visitor C．from his father D．on the computer 27．Where did the writer spend the night? A．In the music hall. B．In the dining hall. C．In his father’s room. D．In the worker’s room. 28．Which sentence is best for “________” in the last paragraph? A．I was so nervous. B．The storm was over. C．I went to the hotel again. D．My room was in a mess. 29．新考法How did the writer’s feelings change in the text? A．Excited→worried→scared→happy. B．Worried→excited→happy→scared. C．Scared→excited→worried→happy. D．Happy→excited→worried→scared. 30．What is the best title for the text? A．A nice hotel worker B．A piece of bad news C．Visiting a special hotel D．Experiencing a hurricane I remember driving to Palm Springs from San Diego two Thanksgivings ago. None of us pictured a snowstorm on our California vacation, but one hour into the drive, the first snowflake fell. My eyes lit up. I’d missed snow. Seeing it land on a prickly cactus (仙人掌) made my tears well up. How I longed for cold Minnesota, my hometown. As the altitude rose, the storm got fiercer. It wasn’t long before we had no choice but to pull over. As our car slid to a stop, I looked into the distance. A line of cars as long as the Mississippi River was lined up. Just then, a car came from behind, suddenly changing direction to avoid hitting our car. The driver, an old man, slammed on the brakes (刹车), and his car drifted across the path. It didn’t take us too long to realize his car was awfully near the edge of the mountain and slowly creeping (慢慢移动) more and more towards the side of the cliff. Suddenly, ten people who were sitting in their cars jumped out. From the car window, I watched an inspiring scene. Four people took the chains off their own cars’ tires (轮胎) and put them on the old man’s tires. One person shoveled (铲) the snow out from his tires and tried to break the ice with his boot. Just as the old man’s car and all his belongings were about to be lost off the edge of the cliff, people stepped up and let their kind hearts override the snowstorm. Though it was -30 °C, my heart was as warm as ever. This act of kindness just reminded me how thankful I am for people and moments like these. 31．Why did the writer cry when he saw the snow? A．He felt a little homesick. B．He disliked the bad weather. C．He was surprised to see the snow. D．He was anxious about the traffic delay. 32．What happened to the old man’s car? A．Its braking system failed. B．It ran into the writer’s car. C．It was about to drop from the cliff. D．It lost control due to the sudden speeding. 33．What can we learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4? A．Kind hearts can beat any natural disasters. B．The old man lost everything in the snowstorm. C．The snowstorm was so strong that they failed. D．They successfully saved the old man and his car. 34．Which of the following can best describe the people involved? A．Reliable and modest. B．Kind and easy-going. C．Brave and team-spirited. D．Enthusiastic and ambitious. 35．Why was the writer’s heart warm in the freezing weather? A．He wore more thick clothes. B．He was moved by people’s kindness. C．People gave him hot water to keep warm. D．He was thankful that people helped him a lot. （9） Nowadays, we have many different kinds of technologies to protect us from different disasters. We can even know where and when some disasters, like the typhoon, the flood and the earthquake, happen. While most of the new technologies are far away from us, some around us can help people in disasters. The drone (无人机) is one of them. It can be used to send things like food and water when a natural disaster happens. It’s often too dangerous for the rescue teams to get into the buildings. So they make the drone fly into the buildings to search for those who are still alive. The drone is also a useful tool for firefighters to find and fight wildfires. In some faraway places in the world, drones are the fastest way to send medicine to people who are in great need of it. Social media platforms (平台) are also useful when it comes to natural disasters. With their help, people can know about the natural disasters before they hit. And some social media platforms allow people to mark themselves as safe after disasters, so others can know their situations. Social media platforms are also places for up-to-date news, so people can learn what is going on in disaster areas. Besides, many social media platforms allow people to donate (捐赠) money to help people in disaster areas. The money will help them get back to their normal life as soon as possible. For example, live streaming (直播) helped raise a lot of money for Henan after the flood in 2021. Although these technologies can help us a lot when there is a natural disaster, we still need to prepare necessary tools and learn important skills to protect ourselves. 41．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Drones. B．The rescue teams. C．The people in disaster areas. D．The social media platforms. 42．According to the passage, the drone can fly into dangerous buildings to ________ after disasters. A．call rescue teams B．send food and water C．search for people alive D．remind people of danger 43．Why does the writer mention live streaming? A．To show social media platforms can provide up-to-date news. B．To show people can know about coming disasters through social media platforms. C．To show social media platforms can help raise money after a disaster. D．To show people can tell others they are safe through social media platforms. 44．What is the correct structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1) A． B． C． D． 45．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．It tells us what to do when disasters come. B．It advises us to use social media platforms more often. C．It tells us how some technologies help people in disasters. D．It suggests that we should learn self-protection skills during disasters. 课后作业 语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Did you experience an earthquake? There was a bad earthquake in Mexico City on September 19th, 1984. All of 1. _______ sudden, a lot of buildings fell down, and hundreds of people were in danger. Many people 2. _______ (sleep) when the earthquake happened. After the earthquake, of Mexico City was without electricity (电). It was reported that about 230 people died in the earthquake. Lots of people in Mexico City became 3. ________ (volunteer) to help others. Some people in other areas also offered 4. ________ (help). They took risks bringing clean water, enough clothes and food to Mexico City. Some doctors and nurses began to give people medicine and tried their best to help people on crowded streets. The aftershock (余震) happened 5. ________ the evening of September 20th. It was the 6. ________ (strong) after shock in Mexico. “I told my students two things. First, we should protect 7. ________(we), because it is not a game. 8. ________(two), we should get ready for everything in time,” said Adelina, a teacher of the Morelos Middle School. Although all the buildings in the school were broken, 9. ________ (thankful), everyone was safe. Because both the students 10 ________. the teachers had learned some life-saving skills, they quickly ran out of the buildings. 阅读与表达 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 Floods, droughts, storms, hot days… extreme (极端的) weather is becoming more and more common all over the world. This is caused by greenhouse gas emissions (温室气体排放) from human activities, reported China Daily. In the summer of 2024, big storms hit areas of Europe. At least 13 people died in Austria, France and Italy by Aug. 19. In Portugal and Spain, huge wildfires forced thousands of people to leave their homes. In the US, more than 80 percent of the west was in drought, causing three-quarters of farmers in these areas to stop growing food. In China, the heat hit the south starting from June 2024. The duration (持续时间) of 2024’s high temperatures broke the 62-day record in 2013, becoming the longest heat wave in 61 years. If you visited Chongqing in the summer of 2024, you may have seen a very “dark” city: no more neon lights (霓虹灯) in the streets with only a few lights on in shopping malls. The highest temperature there reached ! People there had no choice but to turn on the air conditioner the whole day, which was a big burden for the power system. Extreme weather has also made 218 of the known 375 diseases more serious. You may have heard the word “thermoplegia (热射病)” in 2024. It is the most serious type of sunstroke (中暑). Many cases of death were reported to be caused by it that summer. If people stay in high temperatures for too long, the heat will damage their organs (器官) and make people feel sick, even die. 1. What does “This” refer to (指的是) in Paragraph One? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 1. What made Chongqing a “dark” city according to the passage? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 1. What is thermoplegia? ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 1. How can we, as middle school students, help deal with extreme weather problems in daily life? Write 30 words or more. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $