专题25 策略知识结构化与题型强化（阅读理解之主旨大意题）-2026年中考英语系统化复习讲练（浙江专用）

该初中英语中考复习知识清单聚焦阅读理解主旨大意题，系统梳理常见设问类型、命题干扰陷阱及三步解题策略，构建从“题型识别”到“技巧应用”再到“实例分析”的完整知识框架。 清单通过表格分类呈现设问类型与干扰项特征，如将全文主旨、最佳标题等设问方式对比常见句式与考查重点，培养学生语言能力。三步解题法中“寻主题句、抓高频词、逆向排除”的操作要点，结合实例分析中的结构分析与关键词定位，引导学生逻辑推理，提升思维品质。配套14篇不同主题的深度化拓展训练，助力学生自主应用技巧，增强学习能力，为教师教学提供系统支持。

2026年中考英语系统化复习讲练（浙江专用） 专题25 策略知识结构化与题型强化（阅读理解之主旨大意题） 目录清单 第一部分 核心知识清单知识结构化 高效复习 第二部分 要点强化训练练习深度化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 核心知识结构化清单 主旨大意题的常见设问方式 设问类型 常见提问句式 考查重点 全文主旨 1. What is the passage mainly about?2. What is the main idea of the text?3. The text is mainly about... 考查对整篇文章中心思想的概括能力。 最佳标题 1. What is the best title for the passage?2. Which of the following can be the best title?3. The best headline for this passage is... 考查对文章主题的高度提炼能力，标题通常短小精悍且具有概括性。 段落大意 1. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?2. The last paragraph is chiefly concerned with... 考查对特定段落核心内容的归纳能力。 写作目的 1. The author’s purpose in writing this text is to...2. Why did the writer write this passage? 考查对作者意图（如告知、说服、娱乐等）的推断。 命题思路与干扰项陷阱 选项类型 特征描述 举例（假设文章主题是“保护蜜蜂的重要性”） 正确选项 概括性强：涵盖全文主要内容，不偏不倚。 抽象度高：通常是对具体事实的升华或总结。 "The Importance of Protecting Pollinators"（保护传粉者的重要性）——涵盖了蜜蜂及其作用。 干扰项：以偏概全 仅包含文章某一部分的细节，未能覆盖全文。 "How Pesticides Affect Bees"（杀虫剂如何影响蜜蜂）——这只是文章中的一个论据或细节，而非全文主旨。 干扰项：范围过大 概括的范围超过了文章实际讨论的内容。 "The Life of Insects"（昆虫的一生）——文章只讲了蜜蜂，没讲所有昆虫。 干扰项：张冠李戴 包含文章提到的关键词，但逻辑关系错误或对象混淆。 "The History of Honey Production"（蜂蜜生产的历史）——文章讲的是生态保护，而非生产历史。 答题策略与技巧:三步解题法 步骤 操作要点 技巧说明 第一步：寻主题句 看首尾：重点关注文章的第一段和最后一段，以及各段落的首句。 找转折：注意 , , 等词后的内容，往往是作者真实观点。 约80%的说明文和议论文的主题句出现在段首或篇首。 第二步：抓高频词 统计词频：在文中反复出现（3次以上）的名词或短语，通常是文章的主题词。 串联信息：将高频词串联起来，看哪个选项能包含这些核心概念。 如果文中反复出现 "AI", "education", "change"，主旨很可能与“AI改变教育”有关。 第三步：逆向排除 比对选项：利用“逆向思维”，排除细节项、过于宽泛项和无关项。 标题反推：如果是选标题，试想如果选了这个标题，文章应该写什么，看是否与原文相符。 若文章讲了A、B、C三点，选项只涵盖了A，则排除。 【实例分析】 Many people think that exercise is only good for our bodies. They run or play sports to keep fit. However, recent studies show that exercise is also very important for our minds. According to the research, doing sports can help reduce stress and anxiety. When we exercise, our brains produce chemicals that make us feel relaxed and happy. This is why many people feel better after a good workout. Besides, exercise can improve our memory and concentration. Students who exercise regularly often get better grades than those who do not. It helps the brain work more efficiently. Therefore, next time you feel stressed or tired, don't just sit there. Go out and do some exercise. It will not only build your body but also refresh your mind. [题目]What is the best title for the passage? A. How to Keep Fit in Our Daily Life B. The Benefits of Sports for Body and Mind C. Ways to Reduce Stress in School Study D. Exercise and Good Grades Are Important [分析] 分析维度 具体分析过程 1. 结构分析 首段转折：第一段先说人们认为运动对身体好，然后用 转折，提出核心观点——运动对“头脑/心理”也很重要。中间段落：第二段讲运动减少压力（心理），第三段讲运动提高记忆力（脑力）。尾段总结：最后一段总结，运动既能强身又能健脑。 2. 关键词定位 高频词包括： also very important for our minds/reduce stress and anxiety/feel relaxed and happy/improve our memory and concentration(心理/脑力相关词汇)。 3. 选项辨析 A. How to Keep Fit（如何保持健康）：范围太大，且文章重点不在“如何练”，而在“练的好处”。B. The Benefits of Sports for Body and Mind（运动对身心的好处）：完美概括。既包含了传统的“身体”好处，也涵盖了文章强调的“心理/大脑”好处。C. Ways to Reduce Stress（减压的方法）：这是文章第二段的一个细节，属于“以偏概全”。D. Exercise and Good Grades（运动与好成绩）：这是第三段提到的一个论据，也是“以偏概全”。 4. 答案选择 B ◇Part 02 题型深度化拓展训练 1 Nowadays, many teenagers dream of becoming online influencers. They think being an influencer means getting lots of fans, making easy money and living a cool life. But is it really as good as it looks? A 14-year-old girl named Lily started posting dance videos on social media last year. At first, she did it just for fun. But as she got more followers, she felt great pressure. She had to post new videos every day, even when she was tired or sick. She spent hours editing videos instead of doing homework, and her grades dropped a lot. What’s worse, some people left mean comments on her videos, which made her feel sad and worried. Experts say that being a successful influencer is not easy. Only a small number of influencers can make a lot of money. Most of them work long hours for little pay. They also have to face the control of algorithms, which decide how many people see their posts. If their videos are not popular enough, they may lose fans quickly. Many schools are now teaching students about the risks of being an influencer. They want teenagers to know that chasing online fame is not the only way to be successful. It’s important to focus on study and real-life relationships first. 1．Why did Lily start posting dance videos at first? A．To make lots of money. B．Just for fun. C．To become famous. D．To improve her grades. 2．What problem did Lily have after becoming an influencer? A．Her grades got better. B．She had no free time to study. C．She got more support from her family. D．She made many new real friends. 3．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．All influencers can make a lot of money easily. B．Algorithms never affect influencers’ posts. C．Only a few influencers can be very successful. D．Teenagers should all try to become influencers. 4．What does the writer want to tell us? A．Being an influencer is a perfect job for teenagers. B．We should focus on study instead of only chasing online fame. C．It’s easy to become a successful online influencer. D．Teenagers should post videos every day to get famous. 2 “The red walls and green tiles (瓦) set each other off beautifully. It’s so Beijing,” said a 33-year-old Beijing person with the family name of Lin. Lin and her 14-year-old cousin were enjoying a city walk along the Beijing Central Axis (中轴线). On this walk, they saw most of the old buildings of Beijing, like the Forbidden City and the Bell and Drum Towers. Since the show “Glory Is Back! Beijing (《登场了!北京中轴线》)” was on, more and more people have become interested in the Central Axis. Some even travel on foot to know it better themselves. Dating back to the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), the 7.8-kilometre-long Beijing Central Axis connected royal (皇家) palaces and marketplaces for common people in the past. Though time changes many things, the Central Axis has left a special feeling with many Chinese people. Chinese professor Lyu Zhou said that when he walked around the Bell and Drum Towers, he could find peace in the busy city life. At a square between the Bell Tower and the Drum Tower, you can see people relaxing, cycling and playing games and even celebrating life events. “This was one of our meeting places when we went on dates (约会). You could say that the towers have seen our love grow,” said a young couple who were taking wedding photos under the Bell and Drum Towers. A number of visitors from other parts of the world have been amazed by the Beijing Central Axis too. The traveller Marco Polo (1254-1324), for example, wrote about what he saw along the Central Axis back in the Yuan dynasty in “The Travels of Marco Polo”. “Up and down the city there are beautiful palaces..., and fine houses in great numbers.” And Oswald Sirén (1879-1966) from Sweden took many photos in Beijing back in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. These Western records have given people around the world a taste of its history. 5．What does “It’s so Beijing” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．It’s the same as Beijing. B．It’s much of Beijing style. C．It’s in the middle of Beijing. D．It’s the most beautiful in Beijing. 6．How does the young couple probably feel about the Central Axis according to their words? A．Confident. B．Thankful. C．Worried. D．Sorry. 7．What made Marco Polo feel surprised? A．The relaxing life. B．The history of the Yuan Dynasty. C．People around Beijing. D．Beautiful buildings in ancient Beijing. 8．What’s the purpose in writing the last paragraph? A．To call on us to remember Chinese history. B．To describe the beauty of the Bell and Drum Towers. C．To show that the Central Axis has long been known around the world. D．To ask foreigners to learn more about the history of Beijing. 3 In our daily life, a small act of kindness can warm many hearts. Here is a true story that happened in China. A young man named Zhao Chen was very worried. His 69-year-old mother was going to fly alone from Xi’an to Dalian to take care of her grandchild. The old woman could not read well and did not speak Mandarin (普通话). The airline (航空公司) did not offer a special service for old people traveling alone. So Zhao Chen decided to ask for help online. He posted a message on social media: “Is anyone on flight HU6262? Please keep an eye on my mother.” The post was seen by many people. A 21-year-old college student named Lei Yuming saw it. He was at the airport for a transfer flight. He spent nearly 30 minutes looking for the old woman in the airport. When he finally found her, he introduced himself and stayed with her all the way. During the flight, the woman felt airsick (晕机). The flight attendants (服务人员) and Lei Yuming took good care of her. After the plane landed in Dalian, Lei Yuming helped her get her luggage and walked with her to the exit. He helped her find her family. The family thanked him, but Lei Yuming politely refused any reward. Zhao Chen was deeply moved. He said, “The ‘Help Each Other’s Parents in Public’ agreement we talk about online really worked for my family.” 9．Why did Zhao Chen worry about his mother? A．She could not find her plane ticket. B．She felt airsick on the plane. C．She did not take the plane before. D．She could not read well or speak Mandarin. 10．What does the underlined word “He” in Para.4 refer to? A．The flight attendant. B．Lei Yuming. C．Zhao Chen. D．The woman’s son. 11．How did the family feel when they saw the college student’s act? A．Worried and surprised. B．Nervous and tired. C．Thankful and moved. D．Surprised and excited. 12．What is the best title for the text? A．A Worried Young Man. B．A Special Flight. C．Strangers Help Each Other. D．How to Help Old People. 4 16-year-old Jared Lepora from the UK has created a robotic arm that imitates the natural movements of a human hand using only ready-made Lego Mindstorms parts. He showcased this invention at the 2025 International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems in Hangzhou, China. The teenager co-authored research recently published along with colleagues including his father Nathan Lepora, a professor of robotics and artificial intelligence at the University of Bristol. Jared used Lego Mindstorms, a Lego robotics kit, to build a Lego version of SoftHand-A, a 3D-printed robot hand introduced in an earlier study. “My dad has always been working on robotics. He designs robotic systems with complicated mechanisms, that have lots of real-world applications,” Jared said: “My goal was to create an educational design which shows professional mechanisms in a simple educational way understandable by children.” The design is a playful interpretation of a serious line of robotics research. It is based on the Pisa/IIT SoftHand model, a world-leading development in soft robotics that uses a single tendon (肌腱) system to coordinate finger movements. Jared adapted this concept for educational purposes, replacing the 3D-printed parts and metal bearings with standard Lego components and over 100 plastic Lego bearings. Despite its toy origins, the Lego SoftHand performs remarkably well. Lab tests have shown that it can grip objects with about 90% of the force of a professional 3D-printed SoftHand, and perform open-close cycles in about one second. Since the hand can be constructed from Lego pieces and uses state-of-the-art design concepts for robotic hands, it has the potential to educate and inspire children to learn about the frontiers of modern robotics. “My generation and younger are the future of robotics, so it is essential that we understand and take interest in this field,” Jared says. “Building a robot hand with your own hands is a great way to learn about robotics.” 13．What can be learned about Jared from the first two paragraphs? A．He has an inquiring mind. B．He is keen on cutting-edge tech. C．He is fond of Lego bricks. D．He excels at hands-on projects. 14．What is Jared’s design like? A．Rare and mind-blowing. B．User-friendly and informative. C．Creative and educational. D．Cost-effective and professional. 15．What is the basis for Jared’s design? A．A novel concept of movements. B．Earlier research of Lego robotics. C．An advanced model in soft robotics. D．The availability of Lego components. 16．What message does the text mainly convey? A．Professional tech can be simplified for education. B．Family inspiration fuels scientific innovation. C．Hands-on practice matters in tech learning. D．Think outside the Lego box for tech education. 5 We use money every day, but have you ever thought about what it really is? Long ago, people did not have coins or paper money. They traded things directly. For example, a person might give a chicken to get some rice. This was often not easy. Why? It was hard to decide how many chickens were equal (均等的) to a bag of rice. So, people started to use things that everyone agreed were valuable. They used shells (贝壳), salt, or even large stones. This was how money began. Money has three main jobs. First, it is a way to exchange (交换) things. This is its most common use. Instead of carrying a chicken to the market, we can use money to buy what we need. Second, it helps us measure (衡量) and compare value. It acts as a unit of account. This means we use money to put a price on things, so we can easily tell a book costing 20 yuan is cheaper than a toy costing 50 yuan. Third, it allows us to save value for the future. We can keep money today and use it next month or next year. A piggy bank helps people do this. Look at a coin. A new coin is bright and clear. An old coin becomes smooth, and its pictures are not so clear. Why? Because it has passed through many, many hands. This change shows the coin is working. It is being used by people to buy and sell things. Its story is part of our economy (经济). Money keeps changing. Now, many people pay with their phones. This is called digital money. It is not paper or metal (金属). It is just numbers. It is quick and easy. Money may change its form, but its main jobs stay the same. 17．According to the passage, why was direct trading difficult in the past? A．Chickens and rice were not important. B．Shells and salt were not helpful to people. C．People did not have enough things to trade. D．It was hard to decide the value of different things. 18．The underlined phrase (短语) “unit of account” probably means money is used to ________. A．trade for money from abroad B．buy the cheapest things in the market C．save for a very long time in the future D．measure and compare the value of things 19．What is the writer’s main purpose in describing an old coin that becomes smooth? A．To show that the coin is old and not valuable. B．To show that money is useful in everyday life. C．To tell people that new coins are more beautiful. D．To explain why we should not use coins any more. 20．How is the text organized? A．Facts→Arguments→Results→Hope B．Questions→Stories→Reasons→Opinions C．History→Main uses→An example→Changes today D．Present situation→Problems in the past→Examples→Advice 6 Hair was once my biggest problem. While my classmates had long and silky hair down their backs, my hair was short and curly. I was quite embarrassed (尴尬的). “Your hair doesn’t embarrass you. It is beautiful,” my mother would try to comfort me. However, her support did little to calm me. Why couldn’t I have long hair like everyone else? I wanted to fit in and be accepted. It wasn’t that I hated my hair, but rather I believed others did. I was afraid my classmates would think it was ugly. I also worried if they learned I wore extensions (假发片), I would be judged. This was a secret for me. At school, I faced lots of questions about my hair. “Does your hair ever grow? Are those extensions or your real hair?” In the 10th grade, I changed. I realized I had two choices. I could either believe my classmates were truly curious or consider the questions as judgments. Actually, their opinions didn’t matter. I could choose not to base my happiness on what I believed others thought of me, but on my own standards. Over the next two years, I pushed myself out of my comfort zone (舒适区) and was active in different school or social activities. There I was surrounded by different people. Wearing my natural hair, I made it my goal to stand out. I developed into a more confident person. I no longer live my life limited (限制) by what I believe others think of me. I don’t hide behind extensions and if I choose to wear them, I do so proudly and no longer keep it a secret. Now, I wear my hair and live my life however I want to. 21．What did the writer’s hair look like? A．Long and curly. B．Short and curly. C．Long and silky. D．Short and straight. 22．Why did the author wear hair extensions? A．Because her mother asked her to do so. B．Because she wanted to make her hair curlier. C．Because she wanted to fit in and be accepted. D．Because all her classmates wore extensions. 23．What can we infer about the writer now? A．She still worries about what others think of her. B．She has become more confident and true to herself. C．She prefers wearing extensions to feel more beautiful. D．She doesn’t wear extensions any longer. 24．What is the text mainly about? A．The writer’s changes in her thinking. B．The writer’s different hairstyles. C．The story of the writer and her classmates. D．The writer’s school life. 7 “Just be yourself” is among the most common pieces of advice we hear. We often think that what feels easy and comfortable must be our authentic (真实的) selves. When we try something new, we may feel like we are not being our true selves. For example, you stay quiet in discussions because you’ve accepted that you’re “not the forward-thinking type”. In this case, the so-called authenticity is actually the unchanging belief in your default patterns (默认模式), even if those patterns are keeping you stuck. Then, what does true authenticity mean? True authenticity is not just about staying stuck in your usual patterns, but about acting in line with what you care about most. You don’t lose yourself when you practice new ways of thinking and behaving. Instead, you become more attuned to what your goals require. And according to the latest Personality Science, it is believed that we can change our features purposefully to better match a life we value. Changing personality features actually means stepping out of your comfort zone (区域) and pushing you to grow beyond your limits, like bravely voicing your ideas in discussions. When you start to do so, you may feel untrue and uncomfortable, thinking that “This just isn’t me” or “I don’t want to be someone I’m not”. However, such discomfort doesn’t mean that you’re inauthentic, but it is a natural feeling when you step outside of your comfort zone. So, is it possible to stay authentic while actively trying to change? Of course. At first sight, accepting your true self and making a change may appear to be opposites. But they are not. Accepting yourself means getting clear about how you typically think, feel, and behave, while also understanding why those patterns may have developed. Change, on the other hand, is not about turning against yourself. Instead, it’s about reflecting (反思) on whether your present habits and patterns fit the life you truly want to live. Your story could be like this: It makes sense I’m guarded around others because I’ve been hurt before, but that could be another story: Even though being guarded has protected me, it is also keeping me from developing the close relationships I want, so I have to be more active in socializing. Remember: to be authentic is not to stay frozen in your old patterns. It’s to grow into the version of yourself that matters most. Be brave to push beyond your limits! 25．What does the underlined phrase “attuned to” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Matched with. B．Dependent on. C．Interested in. D．Separate from. 26．According to the writer, which behavior best shows “true authenticity”? A．Play basketball with support from parents. B．Refuse to lead a group for fear of mistakes. C．Stay quiet around strangers due to shyness. D．Share good ideas even when feeling nervous. 27．Which idea would the writer most probably agree with? A．Natural changes follow self-understanding. B．Growth comes from breaking through limits. C．Reflection on oneself leads to self-acceptance. D．New ways of thinking matters more than behaving. 28．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To list views on leaving the comfort zone. B．To explain the importance of true authenticity. C．To encourage positive changes out of old patterns. D．To share personal experiences of self-improvement. 8 Chinese New Year painting, called nianhua in Chinese, is a kind of traditional art to be put up on walls and windows during the Spring Festival. Its bright colors and different subjects show the Chinese people’s hope for happiness and wealth. This art has a long history. Its earliest form was a picture of a door god during the Han Dynasty. Later, more subjects such as the Kitchen God, women and babies appeared. As the Chinese New Year arrives, every family puts up its New Year paintings in order to say goodbye to the past and welcome the future. One of the most famous woodblock (木刻板) New Year paintings comes from Yangjiabu of Shandong Province. They cover many different themes and forms. They reflect people’s everyday life. As time went by, some people found New Year paintings old-fashioned (过时的). What’s more, they thought the traditional door gods too frightening to hang in their homes and preferred something more artistic (艺术的)—because these door gods usually looked strong, serious and angry-faced, holding sharp weapons (锋利的兵器) in their hands. So the sales of New Year paintings dropped sharply in the mid-1980s. Usually, colorful woodblock New Year paintings are produced in four steps. First, artists draw a simple sketch (素描) on the paper. Next, they copy it onto a wooden board and print a few samples (样品). Then, they add color to the samples. Finally, printers paint colors on the board, put paper on it, and brush the paper. Then the colorful woodblock New Year paintings are ready. 29．Which is the first form of Chinese New Year painting? A．A picture of babies. B．A picture of a door god. C．A picture of women. D．A picture of the Kitchen God. 30．What does the underlined word “frightening” mean? A．Scary. B．Lively. C．Common. D．Lovely. 31．Why did the sales of New Year paintings drop greatly in the middle of the 1980s? A．Because people found New Year paintings unimportant. B．Because people wanted something that was full of art. C．Because people thought the door god couldn’t bring good luck. D．Because people found it hard to produce New Year paintings. 32．What is the best title for the passage? A．The History of Traditional Chinese Door Gods B．Why New Year Paintings Lost Their Popularity C．The Steps to Make Woodblock New Year Paintings D．Chinese New Year Paintings: A Traditional Art 9 Ludwick Marishane, a 17-year-old South African, was with his friends in Limpopo when they started talking about inventing something to put on your skin so you don’t have to take a bath. Ludwick thought this was a great idea. He used his mobile to do some research on the Internet and found a surprising fact: 2.5 billion people around the world haven’t got clean water. This is a huge problem because dirty water can create terrible illnesses. Ludwick started thinking. He wanted to make something to help people in parts of the world where it’s difficult to find clean water. He did more research on his mobile, and he did some more thinking. Then Ludwick had a plan. He wanted to make a gel（凝胶）for people to put on their skin so they don’t have to take a bath. He wrote the formula（配方）for the gel on his mobile phone. When he was at university, he never stopped thinking about his invention. He started to talk to other people about it, and three years later, his dream came true. He made the gel and called it “DryBath”. Ludwick Marishane is the winner of lots of prizes. People call him “one of the brightest young men in the world”. He is very happy about his success. DryBath is helping people stay healthy. And DryBath also helps to save water. That’s important in many parts of the world where it’s difficult to find clean water. Now he wants to invent other things, and he wants to help other young people to become inventors too. 33．What did Ludwick and his friends talk about? A．How to get clean water. B．Protecting people from trachoma. C．Finding a way to avoid taking a bath. D．How to ask for help on the Internet. 34．What was the fact Ludwick found? A．Many people in Africa didn’t know how to reuse dirty water. B．Many people faced the difficulty of not having clean water. C．People didn’t realize the danger of trachoma. D．People cleaned their hands in wrong ways. 35．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．What encouraged Ludwick to create the gel. B．The advantages the gel gave to people. C．How Ludwick invented the gel. D．The huge popularity of the gel. 36．Which of the following can best describe Ludwick? A．Helpful and creative. B．Caring and honest. C．Brave and fearless. D．Kind and strict. 10 2025 is the Year of the Snake according to the Chinese lunar calendar. The snake is the sixth animal in the 12-year cycle of Chinese zodiac. It is not only important to understand cultural meanings linked to this animal but also necessary to know about the personality traits (性格特征) of those born in the Year of the Snake. In Chinese culture, the snake carries rich symbolic meanings and is seen as the symbol of luck, wisdom and power. Snakes are divided into house snakes and wild snakes. The house snakes are considered as a positive sign. The snake also symbolizes longevity and vitality, much like turtles, which are known for their long lives. According to Taoist theory (道家思想), there is a kind of energy in the human body that moves like a snake. This snake-like energy is believed to keep people alive and healthy. Through Taoist practice, it can be controlled, helping people feel more energetic and live longer. Meanwhile, the snake represents the pursuit of true love and happiness, as shown in the famous Chinese folk tale, The Legend of the White Snake. The story of a white snake spirit changing into a woman to pursue love really shows the snake’s link with romance. What might people be like if they were born in the Year of the Snake? It’s believed that people born in the Year of the Snake are often described as smart, wise, imaginative, and passionate. Such traits might give them an advantage on the path to achievements. Many famous people, such as Hua Tuo, Liu Bang, Lu Xun, and Mao Zedong, were born in the Snake Year. The Year of the Snake holds deep cultural importance and is connected to unique personality traits. Understanding them helps us to better understand Chinese culture and the fascinating stories behind this animal. 37．Which year is the next snake year according to the passage? A．2024. B．2035. C．2037. D．2026. 38．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The Year of the Snake. B．The snake-like energy. C．The Taoist practice. D．Long life and power. 39．What can be inferred from the passage? A．The snake is considered as a symbol of bad luck in Chinese culture. B．The snake can be seen as the pursuit of longevity and power in the folk tale. C．People born in the Year of the Snake are more likely to achieve success because of their traits. D．Understanding the snake’s symbolic meanings helps us better understand Chinese culture. 40．What’s the purpose of writing the passage? A．To explain the importance of snakes in Chinese traditional culture. B．To call on more and more people in China to protect snakes. C．To introduce the personality traits and culture connected to snakes. D．To discuss symbolic meanings of snakes in Chinese traditional culture. 11 People know animals do have feelings, but they are not sure if these feelings are correctly understood. In recent years, scientists have done research about the feelings of cows, frogs and pandas. A new study adds chickens to the list. It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls. The researchers put a bowl behind a door. Inside the bowl, sometimes, there was something chickens love to eat, such as rice or insects. Sometimes, there was nothing. When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds, known as food calls. When there wasn’t food, the chickens made low and long noises to express disappointment.The researchers recorded all these sounds and studied their waves. Then the researchers chose 16 recordings of such chicken noises. Half were from the chickens seeing the food and half were from the chickens finding no food. The recordings were played to 194 volunteers. Sixty-nine percent of the volunteers correctly understood whether the chickens were feeling happy or not, and some of them even had no experience of taking care of chickens. The result shows that humans have the natural ability to understand the feelings of chickens.Hopefully, this finding can bring about new technology to help with chicken-raising, a big industry in many countries. Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens’ feelings. This is good news for farmers who want to make the chickens happier and healthier. 41．Which is most probably the sound wave of a happy call by a chicken (t for time; s for sound volume音量) A． B． C． D． 42．How did the volunteers help with the research? A．By listening to the chicken calls. B．By taking care of the chickens. C．By finding food for the chickens. D．By making the chickens happy. 43．What does the underlined word “identify” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Control. B．Hide. C．Recognize. D．Hurt. 44．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To show a possible use in farming with animals’ feelings. B．To prove animals have similar feelings like humans. C．To describe different sounds that chickens are able to make. D．To tell how easily humans can understand animals’ feelings. 12 Thanks to Earth, we have fresh air to breathe, clean water to drink and warm sunshine to enjoy. But it seems that we may think these things are normal and not realize that our planet is getting “sick”. Among all the environmental problems, climate change sits at the top. Global average (平均的) temperatures have risen by more than 0.5℃ since 1992. A half-degree temperature rise is a big thing. It means that heat waves can last around one third longer and rainstorms will be about one third stronger. The increase in sea levels will be much higher, according to NASA．Countries like Singapore that are at low places may be covered by the ocean in the future. But this is not the only problem people are facing. It’s getting harder to get fresh water. Ocean pollution has become serious. Since 1992, the human population has grown by 2 billion, while the populations of all other animals have fallen by nearly 30 percent. Scientists say that we are experiencing the sixth huge dying out in history. More than two-thirds of the world’s wildlife could be gone by the end of the decade (十年) if action isn’t taken soon, according to the World Wildlife Fund. The Amur leopard, black rhino and Cross River gorilla are some animals that are in danger of dying out completely. However, we have made some progress by making the hole in the ozone layer (臭氧层) smaller. That’s because we gradually stopped using chemicals that can break down ozone. This shows that when we make quick and strong decisions, we can make positive changes. 45．What may happen if global average temperatures rise by 0.5℃? A．The ocean will cover high places like Singapore. B．Heat waves can’t last one third longer. C．Sea levels will be three times higher. D．Rainstorms will be more serious. 46．Which of the following environmental problems are mentioned in the text? ①Air pollution.    ②Ocean pollution.    ③Fewer animals.    ④Smaller ozone layer. A．①② B．②④ C．①③ D．②③ 47．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 48．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．How to protect the earth. B．The balance between humans and nature. C．The sick planet D．Challenges we face in the modern world 13 Mr. Dunsmuir, the English teacher, gave the class a writing task. “Write something in some way connected to summer holiday,” he said. “Be as creative as you can. Let your imagination run wild. But,” the teacher added, “make sure you use proper spelling and grammar.” That night Jennie sat at her desk at home and looked at a blank sheet of paper. She didn’t want to write about her summer holiday as usual. What could she write about, except a cat, a water park, and two weeks of camp? Boring... She’d actually been happy to get back to school. So she decided to write what she wanted. Not an article at all but a short story. It was about a faraway planet that didn’t have summer — it was spring all the time. And it didn’t have holidays either. The aliens on the planet worked 24 hours a day. They wished they had holidays. The next morning, Jennie handed in the story, but later that night she lay awake until 3 a.m., thinking, “Why did I do that? Will Mr. Dunsmuir think I ignored (忽视) the task?” English was her favourite class. Maybe she would beg Mr. Dunsmuir for a chance to write another one, the kind he wanted. But when she got to class the following day, it turned out that Mr. Dunsmuir had already read and graded the articles. The teacher said, “I’m going to pass back your summer holiday writing in a minute. I’m afraid I’ve got some rather harsh words to say. Almost everyone in class simply wrote an article about his or her summer holiday... Almost everyone.” “This is bad,” Jennie thought, “I’m getting an F, I know it.” “But,” the teacher continued, “one of you had the courage to be as imaginative as I asked you to be. Jennie Anderson was the only one who got an A on the task.” Jennie couldn’t believe her ears. 49．Why did Jennie get an A on her writing? A．Because she wrote one more article. B．Because she followed her heart bravely. C．Because she asked the teacher for some advice. D．Because she introduced a wonderful summer holiday. 50．In the mind map below, which of the following can be put in ▲ ? Jennie’s experience A．Writing a story; Afraid B．Returning to school; Glad C．Begging a chance; Worried D．Making a decision; Surprised 51．In what tone (语气) was the teacher saying the underlined sentence? A．Angry. B．Satisfied. C．Patient. D．Cheerful. 52．Which can be the best title of the passage? A．A Boring Story B．A Different Writing Task C．A Strange Planet D．A Strict English Teacher 14 Anger often makes us uncomfortable. Seeing your child’s anger can be especially uncomfortable. In order to relieve (缓解) this feeling, parents often encourage children to “stop crying” and say things like “It’s nothing to cry about.” It’s moments like those that plant the seeds of unhealthy anger. The “stop crying” parents are just doing what they were taught by their own parents, who were probably taught by their parents on and on. However, we should learn how to create healthy anger in our kids. If a child never sees his or her parents express anger, he or she should never express anger, either. But if parents always express their anger loudly, their child may start to think of anger as something that is always frightening. The first thing you can do to create healthy anger in your children is to practice creating healthy anger in yourself. Once you’re better at experiencing anger and expressing it in a healthy way, you’ll be able to set a good example for your kids. Stopping kids from expressing their feelings is wrong. You may feel bad when you believe you are wrong. When children express their feelings and are told that it’s nothing to cry about, they come to know that they themselves are bad. We need to raise them in an environment where it’s safe to express feelings. Once you feel more comfortable with your own anger, you can teach your children why anger is a helpful feeling. When your kids express anger, help them examine what it is that has made them angry. Why did it make them angry? How did it do that? Then, you can teach them that those feelings are never wrong and our expressions of feelings are in our control. Anger is natural and normal, and it can be experienced and expressed in a healthy way. 53．Why do parents say “It’s nothing to cry about” to their children? A．To relieve their anger. B．To encourage them to create healthy anger. C．To make them uncomfortable. D．To plant the seeds of unhealthy anger. 54．Parents should set a good example for children by ________. A．stopping them from expressing their anger B．expressing their own anger in a healthy way C．letting them know they are right or wrong D．raising them in a safe environment 55．The writer thinks that anger is a kind of feeling that is always ________. A．wrong B．uncomfortable C．harmful D．helpful 56．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Anger often makes us and our children uncomfortable. B．Parents should create healthy anger in themselves. C．Parents should create healthy anger in their kids. D．Parents should never express their anger. ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年中考英语系统化复习讲练（浙江专用） 专题25 策略知识结构化与题型强化（阅读理解之主旨大意题） 目录清单 第一部分 核心知识清单知识结构化 高效复习 第二部分 要点强化训练练习深度化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 核心知识结构化清单 主旨大意题的常见设问方式 设问类型 常见提问句式 考查重点 全文主旨 1. What is the passage mainly about?2. What is the main idea of the text?3. The text is mainly about... 考查对整篇文章中心思想的概括能力。 最佳标题 1. What is the best title for the passage?2. Which of the following can be the best title?3. The best headline for this passage is... 考查对文章主题的高度提炼能力，标题通常短小精悍且具有概括性。 段落大意 1. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?2. The last paragraph is chiefly concerned with... 考查对特定段落核心内容的归纳能力。 写作目的 1. The author’s purpose in writing this text is to...2. Why did the writer write this passage? 考查对作者意图（如告知、说服、娱乐等）的推断。 命题思路与干扰项陷阱 选项类型 特征描述 举例（假设文章主题是“保护蜜蜂的重要性”） 正确选项 概括性强：涵盖全文主要内容，不偏不倚。 抽象度高：通常是对具体事实的升华或总结。 "The Importance of Protecting Pollinators"（保护传粉者的重要性）——涵盖了蜜蜂及其作用。 干扰项：以偏概全 仅包含文章某一部分的细节，未能覆盖全文。 "How Pesticides Affect Bees"（杀虫剂如何影响蜜蜂）——这只是文章中的一个论据或细节，而非全文主旨。 干扰项：范围过大 概括的范围超过了文章实际讨论的内容。 "The Life of Insects"（昆虫的一生）——文章只讲了蜜蜂，没讲所有昆虫。 干扰项：张冠李戴 包含文章提到的关键词，但逻辑关系错误或对象混淆。 "The History of Honey Production"（蜂蜜生产的历史）——文章讲的是生态保护，而非生产历史。 答题策略与技巧:三步解题法 步骤 操作要点 技巧说明 第一步：寻主题句 看首尾：重点关注文章的第一段和最后一段，以及各段落的首句。 找转折：注意 , , 等词后的内容，往往是作者真实观点。 约80%的说明文和议论文的主题句出现在段首或篇首。 第二步：抓高频词 统计词频：在文中反复出现（3次以上）的名词或短语，通常是文章的主题词。 串联信息：将高频词串联起来，看哪个选项能包含这些核心概念。 如果文中反复出现 "AI", "education", "change"，主旨很可能与“AI改变教育”有关。 第三步：逆向排除 比对选项：利用“逆向思维”，排除细节项、过于宽泛项和无关项。 标题反推：如果是选标题，试想如果选了这个标题，文章应该写什么，看是否与原文相符。 若文章讲了A、B、C三点，选项只涵盖了A，则排除。 【实例分析】 Many people think that exercise is only good for our bodies. They run or play sports to keep fit. However, recent studies show that exercise is also very important for our minds. According to the research, doing sports can help reduce stress and anxiety. When we exercise, our brains produce chemicals that make us feel relaxed and happy. This is why many people feel better after a good workout. Besides, exercise can improve our memory and concentration. Students who exercise regularly often get better grades than those who do not. It helps the brain work more efficiently. Therefore, next time you feel stressed or tired, don't just sit there. Go out and do some exercise. It will not only build your body but also refresh your mind. [题目]What is the best title for the passage? A. How to Keep Fit in Our Daily Life B. The Benefits of Sports for Body and Mind C. Ways to Reduce Stress in School Study D. Exercise and Good Grades Are Important [分析] 分析维度 具体分析过程 1. 结构分析 首段转折：第一段先说人们认为运动对身体好，然后用 转折，提出核心观点——运动对“头脑/心理”也很重要。中间段落：第二段讲运动减少压力（心理），第三段讲运动提高记忆力（脑力）。尾段总结：最后一段总结，运动既能强身又能健脑。 2. 关键词定位 高频词包括： also very important for our minds/reduce stress and anxiety/feel relaxed and happy/improve our memory and concentration(心理/脑力相关词汇)。 3. 选项辨析 A. How to Keep Fit（如何保持健康）：范围太大，且文章重点不在“如何练”，而在“练的好处”。B. The Benefits of Sports for Body and Mind（运动对身心的好处）：完美概括。既包含了传统的“身体”好处，也涵盖了文章强调的“心理/大脑”好处。C. Ways to Reduce Stress（减压的方法）：这是文章第二段的一个细节，属于“以偏概全”。D. Exercise and Good Grades（运动与好成绩）：这是第三段提到的一个论据，也是“以偏概全”。 4. 答案选择 B ◇Part 02 题型深度化拓展训练 1 Nowadays, many teenagers dream of becoming online influencers. They think being an influencer means getting lots of fans, making easy money and living a cool life. But is it really as good as it looks? A 14-year-old girl named Lily started posting dance videos on social media last year. At first, she did it just for fun. But as she got more followers, she felt great pressure. She had to post new videos every day, even when she was tired or sick. She spent hours editing videos instead of doing homework, and her grades dropped a lot. What’s worse, some people left mean comments on her videos, which made her feel sad and worried. Experts say that being a successful influencer is not easy. Only a small number of influencers can make a lot of money. Most of them work long hours for little pay. They also have to face the control of algorithms, which decide how many people see their posts. If their videos are not popular enough, they may lose fans quickly. Many schools are now teaching students about the risks of being an influencer. They want teenagers to know that chasing online fame is not the only way to be successful. It’s important to focus on study and real-life relationships first. 1．Why did Lily start posting dance videos at first? A．To make lots of money. B．Just for fun. C．To become famous. D．To improve her grades. 2．What problem did Lily have after becoming an influencer? A．Her grades got better. B．She had no free time to study. C．She got more support from her family. D．She made many new real friends. 3．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．All influencers can make a lot of money easily. B．Algorithms never affect influencers’ posts. C．Only a few influencers can be very successful. D．Teenagers should all try to become influencers. 4．What does the writer want to tell us? A．Being an influencer is a perfect job for teenagers. B．We should focus on study instead of only chasing online fame. C．It’s easy to become a successful online influencer. D．Teenagers should post videos every day to get famous. 2 “The red walls and green tiles (瓦) set each other off beautifully. It’s so Beijing,” said a 33-year-old Beijing person with the family name of Lin. Lin and her 14-year-old cousin were enjoying a city walk along the Beijing Central Axis (中轴线). On this walk, they saw most of the old buildings of Beijing, like the Forbidden City and the Bell and Drum Towers. Since the show “Glory Is Back! Beijing (《登场了!北京中轴线》)” was on, more and more people have become interested in the Central Axis. Some even travel on foot to know it better themselves. Dating back to the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), the 7.8-kilometre-long Beijing Central Axis connected royal (皇家) palaces and marketplaces for common people in the past. Though time changes many things, the Central Axis has left a special feeling with many Chinese people. Chinese professor Lyu Zhou said that when he walked around the Bell and Drum Towers, he could find peace in the busy city life. At a square between the Bell Tower and the Drum Tower, you can see people relaxing, cycling and playing games and even celebrating life events. “This was one of our meeting places when we went on dates (约会). You could say that the towers have seen our love grow,” said a young couple who were taking wedding photos under the Bell and Drum Towers. A number of visitors from other parts of the world have been amazed by the Beijing Central Axis too. The traveller Marco Polo (1254-1324), for example, wrote about what he saw along the Central Axis back in the Yuan dynasty in “The Travels of Marco Polo”. “Up and down the city there are beautiful palaces..., and fine houses in great numbers.” And Oswald Sirén (1879-1966) from Sweden took many photos in Beijing back in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. These Western records have given people around the world a taste of its history. 5．What does “It’s so Beijing” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．It’s the same as Beijing. B．It’s much of Beijing style. C．It’s in the middle of Beijing. D．It’s the most beautiful in Beijing. 6．How does the young couple probably feel about the Central Axis according to their words? A．Confident. B．Thankful. C．Worried. D．Sorry. 7．What made Marco Polo feel surprised? A．The relaxing life. B．The history of the Yuan Dynasty. C．People around Beijing. D．Beautiful buildings in ancient Beijing. 8．What’s the purpose in writing the last paragraph? A．To call on us to remember Chinese history. B．To describe the beauty of the Bell and Drum Towers. C．To show that the Central Axis has long been known around the world. D．To ask foreigners to learn more about the history of Beijing. 3 In our daily life, a small act of kindness can warm many hearts. Here is a true story that happened in China. A young man named Zhao Chen was very worried. His 69-year-old mother was going to fly alone from Xi’an to Dalian to take care of her grandchild. The old woman could not read well and did not speak Mandarin (普通话). The airline (航空公司) did not offer a special service for old people traveling alone. So Zhao Chen decided to ask for help online. He posted a message on social media: “Is anyone on flight HU6262? Please keep an eye on my mother.” The post was seen by many people. A 21-year-old college student named Lei Yuming saw it. He was at the airport for a transfer flight. He spent nearly 30 minutes looking for the old woman in the airport. When he finally found her, he introduced himself and stayed with her all the way. During the flight, the woman felt airsick (晕机). The flight attendants (服务人员) and Lei Yuming took good care of her. After the plane landed in Dalian, Lei Yuming helped her get her luggage and walked with her to the exit. He helped her find her family. The family thanked him, but Lei Yuming politely refused any reward. Zhao Chen was deeply moved. He said, “The ‘Help Each Other’s Parents in Public’ agreement we talk about online really worked for my family.” 9．Why did Zhao Chen worry about his mother? A．She could not find her plane ticket. B．She felt airsick on the plane. C．She did not take the plane before. D．She could not read well or speak Mandarin. 10．What does the underlined word “He” in Para.4 refer to? A．The flight attendant. B．Lei Yuming. C．Zhao Chen. D．The woman’s son. 11．How did the family feel when they saw the college student’s act? A．Worried and surprised. B．Nervous and tired. C．Thankful and moved. D．Surprised and excited. 12．What is the best title for the text? A．A Worried Young Man. B．A Special Flight. C．Strangers Help Each Other. D．How to Help Old People. 4 16-year-old Jared Lepora from the UK has created a robotic arm that imitates the natural movements of a human hand using only ready-made Lego Mindstorms parts. He showcased this invention at the 2025 International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems in Hangzhou, China. The teenager co-authored research recently published along with colleagues including his father Nathan Lepora, a professor of robotics and artificial intelligence at the University of Bristol. Jared used Lego Mindstorms, a Lego robotics kit, to build a Lego version of SoftHand-A, a 3D-printed robot hand introduced in an earlier study. “My dad has always been working on robotics. He designs robotic systems with complicated mechanisms, that have lots of real-world applications,” Jared said: “My goal was to create an educational design which shows professional mechanisms in a simple educational way understandable by children.” The design is a playful interpretation of a serious line of robotics research. It is based on the Pisa/IIT SoftHand model, a world-leading development in soft robotics that uses a single tendon (肌腱) system to coordinate finger movements. Jared adapted this concept for educational purposes, replacing the 3D-printed parts and metal bearings with standard Lego components and over 100 plastic Lego bearings. Despite its toy origins, the Lego SoftHand performs remarkably well. Lab tests have shown that it can grip objects with about 90% of the force of a professional 3D-printed SoftHand, and perform open-close cycles in about one second. Since the hand can be constructed from Lego pieces and uses state-of-the-art design concepts for robotic hands, it has the potential to educate and inspire children to learn about the frontiers of modern robotics. “My generation and younger are the future of robotics, so it is essential that we understand and take interest in this field,” Jared says. “Building a robot hand with your own hands is a great way to learn about robotics.” 13．What can be learned about Jared from the first two paragraphs? A．He has an inquiring mind. B．He is keen on cutting-edge tech. C．He is fond of Lego bricks. D．He excels at hands-on projects. 14．What is Jared’s design like? A．Rare and mind-blowing. B．User-friendly and informative. C．Creative and educational. D．Cost-effective and professional. 15．What is the basis for Jared’s design? A．A novel concept of movements. B．Earlier research of Lego robotics. C．An advanced model in soft robotics. D．The availability of Lego components. 16．What message does the text mainly convey? A．Professional tech can be simplified for education. B．Family inspiration fuels scientific innovation. C．Hands-on practice matters in tech learning. D．Think outside the Lego box for tech education. 5 We use money every day, but have you ever thought about what it really is? Long ago, people did not have coins or paper money. They traded things directly. For example, a person might give a chicken to get some rice. This was often not easy. Why? It was hard to decide how many chickens were equal (均等的) to a bag of rice. So, people started to use things that everyone agreed were valuable. They used shells (贝壳), salt, or even large stones. This was how money began. Money has three main jobs. First, it is a way to exchange (交换) things. This is its most common use. Instead of carrying a chicken to the market, we can use money to buy what we need. Second, it helps us measure (衡量) and compare value. It acts as a unit of account. This means we use money to put a price on things, so we can easily tell a book costing 20 yuan is cheaper than a toy costing 50 yuan. Third, it allows us to save value for the future. We can keep money today and use it next month or next year. A piggy bank helps people do this. Look at a coin. A new coin is bright and clear. An old coin becomes smooth, and its pictures are not so clear. Why? Because it has passed through many, many hands. This change shows the coin is working. It is being used by people to buy and sell things. Its story is part of our economy (经济). Money keeps changing. Now, many people pay with their phones. This is called digital money. It is not paper or metal (金属). It is just numbers. It is quick and easy. Money may change its form, but its main jobs stay the same. 17．According to the passage, why was direct trading difficult in the past? A．Chickens and rice were not important. B．Shells and salt were not helpful to people. C．People did not have enough things to trade. D．It was hard to decide the value of different things. 18．The underlined phrase (短语) “unit of account” probably means money is used to ________. A．trade for money from abroad B．buy the cheapest things in the market C．save for a very long time in the future D．measure and compare the value of things 19．What is the writer’s main purpose in describing an old coin that becomes smooth? A．To show that the coin is old and not valuable. B．To show that money is useful in everyday life. C．To tell people that new coins are more beautiful. D．To explain why we should not use coins any more. 20．How is the text organized? A．Facts→Arguments→Results→Hope B．Questions→Stories→Reasons→Opinions C．History→Main uses→An example→Changes today D．Present situation→Problems in the past→Examples→Advice 6 Hair was once my biggest problem. While my classmates had long and silky hair down their backs, my hair was short and curly. I was quite embarrassed (尴尬的). “Your hair doesn’t embarrass you. It is beautiful,” my mother would try to comfort me. However, her support did little to calm me. Why couldn’t I have long hair like everyone else? I wanted to fit in and be accepted. It wasn’t that I hated my hair, but rather I believed others did. I was afraid my classmates would think it was ugly. I also worried if they learned I wore extensions (假发片), I would be judged. This was a secret for me. At school, I faced lots of questions about my hair. “Does your hair ever grow? Are those extensions or your real hair?” In the 10th grade, I changed. I realized I had two choices. I could either believe my classmates were truly curious or consider the questions as judgments. Actually, their opinions didn’t matter. I could choose not to base my happiness on what I believed others thought of me, but on my own standards. Over the next two years, I pushed myself out of my comfort zone (舒适区) and was active in different school or social activities. There I was surrounded by different people. Wearing my natural hair, I made it my goal to stand out. I developed into a more confident person. I no longer live my life limited (限制) by what I believe others think of me. I don’t hide behind extensions and if I choose to wear them, I do so proudly and no longer keep it a secret. Now, I wear my hair and live my life however I want to. 21．What did the writer’s hair look like? A．Long and curly. B．Short and curly. C．Long and silky. D．Short and straight. 22．Why did the author wear hair extensions? A．Because her mother asked her to do so. B．Because she wanted to make her hair curlier. C．Because she wanted to fit in and be accepted. D．Because all her classmates wore extensions. 23．What can we infer about the writer now? A．She still worries about what others think of her. B．She has become more confident and true to herself. C．She prefers wearing extensions to feel more beautiful. D．She doesn’t wear extensions any longer. 24．What is the text mainly about? A．The writer’s changes in her thinking. B．The writer’s different hairstyles. C．The story of the writer and her classmates. D．The writer’s school life. 7 “Just be yourself” is among the most common pieces of advice we hear. We often think that what feels easy and comfortable must be our authentic (真实的) selves. When we try something new, we may feel like we are not being our true selves. For example, you stay quiet in discussions because you’ve accepted that you’re “not the forward-thinking type”. In this case, the so-called authenticity is actually the unchanging belief in your default patterns (默认模式), even if those patterns are keeping you stuck. Then, what does true authenticity mean? True authenticity is not just about staying stuck in your usual patterns, but about acting in line with what you care about most. You don’t lose yourself when you practice new ways of thinking and behaving. Instead, you become more attuned to what your goals require. And according to the latest Personality Science, it is believed that we can change our features purposefully to better match a life we value. Changing personality features actually means stepping out of your comfort zone (区域) and pushing you to grow beyond your limits, like bravely voicing your ideas in discussions. When you start to do so, you may feel untrue and uncomfortable, thinking that “This just isn’t me” or “I don’t want to be someone I’m not”. However, such discomfort doesn’t mean that you’re inauthentic, but it is a natural feeling when you step outside of your comfort zone. So, is it possible to stay authentic while actively trying to change? Of course. At first sight, accepting your true self and making a change may appear to be opposites. But they are not. Accepting yourself means getting clear about how you typically think, feel, and behave, while also understanding why those patterns may have developed. Change, on the other hand, is not about turning against yourself. Instead, it’s about reflecting (反思) on whether your present habits and patterns fit the life you truly want to live. Your story could be like this: It makes sense I’m guarded around others because I’ve been hurt before, but that could be another story: Even though being guarded has protected me, it is also keeping me from developing the close relationships I want, so I have to be more active in socializing. Remember: to be authentic is not to stay frozen in your old patterns. It’s to grow into the version of yourself that matters most. Be brave to push beyond your limits! 25．What does the underlined phrase “attuned to” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Matched with. B．Dependent on. C．Interested in. D．Separate from. 26．According to the writer, which behavior best shows “true authenticity”? A．Play basketball with support from parents. B．Refuse to lead a group for fear of mistakes. C．Stay quiet around strangers due to shyness. D．Share good ideas even when feeling nervous. 27．Which idea would the writer most probably agree with? A．Natural changes follow self-understanding. B．Growth comes from breaking through limits. C．Reflection on oneself leads to self-acceptance. D．New ways of thinking matters more than behaving. 28．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To list views on leaving the comfort zone. B．To explain the importance of true authenticity. C．To encourage positive changes out of old patterns. D．To share personal experiences of self-improvement. 8 Chinese New Year painting, called nianhua in Chinese, is a kind of traditional art to be put up on walls and windows during the Spring Festival. Its bright colors and different subjects show the Chinese people’s hope for happiness and wealth. This art has a long history. Its earliest form was a picture of a door god during the Han Dynasty. Later, more subjects such as the Kitchen God, women and babies appeared. As the Chinese New Year arrives, every family puts up its New Year paintings in order to say goodbye to the past and welcome the future. One of the most famous woodblock (木刻板) New Year paintings comes from Yangjiabu of Shandong Province. They cover many different themes and forms. They reflect people’s everyday life. As time went by, some people found New Year paintings old-fashioned (过时的). What’s more, they thought the traditional door gods too frightening to hang in their homes and preferred something more artistic (艺术的)—because these door gods usually looked strong, serious and angry-faced, holding sharp weapons (锋利的兵器) in their hands. So the sales of New Year paintings dropped sharply in the mid-1980s. Usually, colorful woodblock New Year paintings are produced in four steps. First, artists draw a simple sketch (素描) on the paper. Next, they copy it onto a wooden board and print a few samples (样品). Then, they add color to the samples. Finally, printers paint colors on the board, put paper on it, and brush the paper. Then the colorful woodblock New Year paintings are ready. 29．Which is the first form of Chinese New Year painting? A．A picture of babies. B．A picture of a door god. C．A picture of women. D．A picture of the Kitchen God. 30．What does the underlined word “frightening” mean? A．Scary. B．Lively. C．Common. D．Lovely. 31．Why did the sales of New Year paintings drop greatly in the middle of the 1980s? A．Because people found New Year paintings unimportant. B．Because people wanted something that was full of art. C．Because people thought the door god couldn’t bring good luck. D．Because people found it hard to produce New Year paintings. 32．What is the best title for the passage? A．The History of Traditional Chinese Door Gods B．Why New Year Paintings Lost Their Popularity C．The Steps to Make Woodblock New Year Paintings D．Chinese New Year Paintings: A Traditional Art 9 Ludwick Marishane, a 17-year-old South African, was with his friends in Limpopo when they started talking about inventing something to put on your skin so you don’t have to take a bath. Ludwick thought this was a great idea. He used his mobile to do some research on the Internet and found a surprising fact: 2.5 billion people around the world haven’t got clean water. This is a huge problem because dirty water can create terrible illnesses. Ludwick started thinking. He wanted to make something to help people in parts of the world where it’s difficult to find clean water. He did more research on his mobile, and he did some more thinking. Then Ludwick had a plan. He wanted to make a gel（凝胶）for people to put on their skin so they don’t have to take a bath. He wrote the formula（配方）for the gel on his mobile phone. When he was at university, he never stopped thinking about his invention. He started to talk to other people about it, and three years later, his dream came true. He made the gel and called it “DryBath”. Ludwick Marishane is the winner of lots of prizes. People call him “one of the brightest young men in the world”. He is very happy about his success. DryBath is helping people stay healthy. And DryBath also helps to save water. That’s important in many parts of the world where it’s difficult to find clean water. Now he wants to invent other things, and he wants to help other young people to become inventors too. 33．What did Ludwick and his friends talk about? A．How to get clean water. B．Protecting people from trachoma. C．Finding a way to avoid taking a bath. D．How to ask for help on the Internet. 34．What was the fact Ludwick found? A．Many people in Africa didn’t know how to reuse dirty water. B．Many people faced the difficulty of not having clean water. C．People didn’t realize the danger of trachoma. D．People cleaned their hands in wrong ways. 35．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．What encouraged Ludwick to create the gel. B．The advantages the gel gave to people. C．How Ludwick invented the gel. D．The huge popularity of the gel. 36．Which of the following can best describe Ludwick? A．Helpful and creative. B．Caring and honest. C．Brave and fearless. D．Kind and strict. 10 2025 is the Year of the Snake according to the Chinese lunar calendar. The snake is the sixth animal in the 12-year cycle of Chinese zodiac. It is not only important to understand cultural meanings linked to this animal but also necessary to know about the personality traits (性格特征) of those born in the Year of the Snake. In Chinese culture, the snake carries rich symbolic meanings and is seen as the symbol of luck, wisdom and power. Snakes are divided into house snakes and wild snakes. The house snakes are considered as a positive sign. The snake also symbolizes longevity and vitality, much like turtles, which are known for their long lives. According to Taoist theory (道家思想), there is a kind of energy in the human body that moves like a snake. This snake-like energy is believed to keep people alive and healthy. Through Taoist practice, it can be controlled, helping people feel more energetic and live longer. Meanwhile, the snake represents the pursuit of true love and happiness, as shown in the famous Chinese folk tale, The Legend of the White Snake. The story of a white snake spirit changing into a woman to pursue love really shows the snake’s link with romance. What might people be like if they were born in the Year of the Snake? It’s believed that people born in the Year of the Snake are often described as smart, wise, imaginative, and passionate. Such traits might give them an advantage on the path to achievements. Many famous people, such as Hua Tuo, Liu Bang, Lu Xun, and Mao Zedong, were born in the Snake Year. The Year of the Snake holds deep cultural importance and is connected to unique personality traits. Understanding them helps us to better understand Chinese culture and the fascinating stories behind this animal. 37．Which year is the next snake year according to the passage? A．2024. B．2035. C．2037. D．2026. 38．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The Year of the Snake. B．The snake-like energy. C．The Taoist practice. D．Long life and power. 39．What can be inferred from the passage? A．The snake is considered as a symbol of bad luck in Chinese culture. B．The snake can be seen as the pursuit of longevity and power in the folk tale. C．People born in the Year of the Snake are more likely to achieve success because of their traits. D．Understanding the snake’s symbolic meanings helps us better understand Chinese culture. 40．What’s the purpose of writing the passage? A．To explain the importance of snakes in Chinese traditional culture. B．To call on more and more people in China to protect snakes. C．To introduce the personality traits and culture connected to snakes. D．To discuss symbolic meanings of snakes in Chinese traditional culture. 11 People know animals do have feelings, but they are not sure if these feelings are correctly understood. In recent years, scientists have done research about the feelings of cows, frogs and pandas. A new study adds chickens to the list. It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls. The researchers put a bowl behind a door. Inside the bowl, sometimes, there was something chickens love to eat, such as rice or insects. Sometimes, there was nothing. When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds, known as food calls. When there wasn’t food, the chickens made low and long noises to express disappointment.The researchers recorded all these sounds and studied their waves. Then the researchers chose 16 recordings of such chicken noises. Half were from the chickens seeing the food and half were from the chickens finding no food. The recordings were played to 194 volunteers. Sixty-nine percent of the volunteers correctly understood whether the chickens were feeling happy or not, and some of them even had no experience of taking care of chickens. The result shows that humans have the natural ability to understand the feelings of chickens.Hopefully, this finding can bring about new technology to help with chicken-raising, a big industry in many countries. Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens’ feelings. This is good news for farmers who want to make the chickens happier and healthier. 41．Which is most probably the sound wave of a happy call by a chicken (t for time; s for sound volume音量) A． B． C． D． 42．How did the volunteers help with the research? A．By listening to the chicken calls. B．By taking care of the chickens. C．By finding food for the chickens. D．By making the chickens happy. 43．What does the underlined word “identify” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Control. B．Hide. C．Recognize. D．Hurt. 44．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To show a possible use in farming with animals’ feelings. B．To prove animals have similar feelings like humans. C．To describe different sounds that chickens are able to make. D．To tell how easily humans can understand animals’ feelings. 12 Thanks to Earth, we have fresh air to breathe, clean water to drink and warm sunshine to enjoy. But it seems that we may think these things are normal and not realize that our planet is getting “sick”. Among all the environmental problems, climate change sits at the top. Global average (平均的) temperatures have risen by more than 0.5℃ since 1992. A half-degree temperature rise is a big thing. It means that heat waves can last around one third longer and rainstorms will be about one third stronger. The increase in sea levels will be much higher, according to NASA．Countries like Singapore that are at low places may be covered by the ocean in the future. But this is not the only problem people are facing. It’s getting harder to get fresh water. Ocean pollution has become serious. Since 1992, the human population has grown by 2 billion, while the populations of all other animals have fallen by nearly 30 percent. Scientists say that we are experiencing the sixth huge dying out in history. More than two-thirds of the world’s wildlife could be gone by the end of the decade (十年) if action isn’t taken soon, according to the World Wildlife Fund. The Amur leopard, black rhino and Cross River gorilla are some animals that are in danger of dying out completely. However, we have made some progress by making the hole in the ozone layer (臭氧层) smaller. That’s because we gradually stopped using chemicals that can break down ozone. This shows that when we make quick and strong decisions, we can make positive changes. 45．What may happen if global average temperatures rise by 0.5℃? A．The ocean will cover high places like Singapore. B．Heat waves can’t last one third longer. C．Sea levels will be three times higher. D．Rainstorms will be more serious. 46．Which of the following environmental problems are mentioned in the text? ①Air pollution.    ②Ocean pollution.    ③Fewer animals.    ④Smaller ozone layer. A．①② B．②④ C．①③ D．②③ 47．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 48．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．How to protect the earth. B．The balance between humans and nature. C．The sick planet D．Challenges we face in the modern world 13 Mr. Dunsmuir, the English teacher, gave the class a writing task. “Write something in some way connected to summer holiday,” he said. “Be as creative as you can. Let your imagination run wild. But,” the teacher added, “make sure you use proper spelling and grammar.” That night Jennie sat at her desk at home and looked at a blank sheet of paper. She didn’t want to write about her summer holiday as usual. What could she write about, except a cat, a water park, and two weeks of camp? Boring... She’d actually been happy to get back to school. So she decided to write what she wanted. Not an article at all but a short story. It was about a faraway planet that didn’t have summer — it was spring all the time. And it didn’t have holidays either. The aliens on the planet worked 24 hours a day. They wished they had holidays. The next morning, Jennie handed in the story, but later that night she lay awake until 3 a.m., thinking, “Why did I do that? Will Mr. Dunsmuir think I ignored (忽视) the task?” English was her favourite class. Maybe she would beg Mr. Dunsmuir for a chance to write another one, the kind he wanted. But when she got to class the following day, it turned out that Mr. Dunsmuir had already read and graded the articles. The teacher said, “I’m going to pass back your summer holiday writing in a minute. I’m afraid I’ve got some rather harsh words to say. Almost everyone in class simply wrote an article about his or her summer holiday... Almost everyone.” “This is bad,” Jennie thought, “I’m getting an F, I know it.” “But,” the teacher continued, “one of you had the courage to be as imaginative as I asked you to be. Jennie Anderson was the only one who got an A on the task.” Jennie couldn’t believe her ears. 49．Why did Jennie get an A on her writing? A．Because she wrote one more article. B．Because she followed her heart bravely. C．Because she asked the teacher for some advice. D．Because she introduced a wonderful summer holiday. 50．In the mind map below, which of the following can be put in ▲ ? Jennie’s experience A．Writing a story; Afraid B．Returning to school; Glad C．Begging a chance; Worried D．Making a decision; Surprised 51．In what tone (语气) was the teacher saying the underlined sentence? A．Angry. B．Satisfied. C．Patient. D．Cheerful. 52．Which can be the best title of the passage? A．A Boring Story B．A Different Writing Task C．A Strange Planet D．A Strict English Teacher 14 Anger often makes us uncomfortable. Seeing your child’s anger can be especially uncomfortable. In order to relieve (缓解) this feeling, parents often encourage children to “stop crying” and say things like “It’s nothing to cry about.” It’s moments like those that plant the seeds of unhealthy anger. The “stop crying” parents are just doing what they were taught by their own parents, who were probably taught by their parents on and on. However, we should learn how to create healthy anger in our kids. If a child never sees his or her parents express anger, he or she should never express anger, either. But if parents always express their anger loudly, their child may start to think of anger as something that is always frightening. The first thing you can do to create healthy anger in your children is to practice creating healthy anger in yourself. Once you’re better at experiencing anger and expressing it in a healthy way, you’ll be able to set a good example for your kids. Stopping kids from expressing their feelings is wrong. You may feel bad when you believe you are wrong. When children express their feelings and are told that it’s nothing to cry about, they come to know that they themselves are bad. We need to raise them in an environment where it’s safe to express feelings. Once you feel more comfortable with your own anger, you can teach your children why anger is a helpful feeling. When your kids express anger, help them examine what it is that has made them angry. Why did it make them angry? How did it do that? Then, you can teach them that those feelings are never wrong and our expressions of feelings are in our control. Anger is natural and normal, and it can be experienced and expressed in a healthy way. 53．Why do parents say “It’s nothing to cry about” to their children? A．To relieve their anger. B．To encourage them to create healthy anger. C．To make them uncomfortable. D．To plant the seeds of unhealthy anger. 54．Parents should set a good example for children by ________. A．stopping them from expressing their anger B．expressing their own anger in a healthy way C．letting them know they are right or wrong D．raising them in a safe environment 55．The writer thinks that anger is a kind of feeling that is always ________. A．wrong B．uncomfortable C．harmful D．helpful 56．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Anger often makes us and our children uncomfortable. B．Parents should create healthy anger in themselves. C．Parents should create healthy anger in their kids. D．Parents should never express their anger. 参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 B B C B B B D C D B 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 C C D C C A D D B C 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 B C B A A D B C B A 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 答案 B D C B C A C B C C 题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 答案 D A C A D D A C B D 题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 答案 A B A B D C 1 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 【解析】本文介绍了当今众多青少年都想成为网红这一社会现象，并给出了建议。 1．根据第二段“At first, she did it just for fun”，可知莉莉开始上传跳舞视频只是为了乐趣。 2．由第二段“But as she got more followers, she felt great pressure...and her grades dropped a lot”可知，莉莉成为网红之后，需要投入大量时间编辑视频，导致她没有时间写作业，因此成绩大幅下滑。B项符合句意。 3．第三段明确指出“Only a small number of influencers can make a lot of money”，只有一小部分网红能赚到大量的钱，排除A项，C项正确；根据第三段“They also have to face the control of algorithms”，可知网红也要面临算法控制，B项错误；最后一段明确指出“They want teenagers to know that chasing online fame is not the only way to be successful”，成为网红不是青少年通往成功的唯一道路，D项错误。 4．根据最后一段“They want teenagers to know that chasing online fame is not the only way to be successful. It’s important to focus on study and real-life relationships first”，可知作者建议青少年首先集中于学习和现实生活，网红不是唯一的成功之路，B项符合文章主旨。 2 5．B 6．B 7．D 8．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍北京中轴线的历史、风貌与文化魅力，讲述市民与游客在此的体验，并通过中外记载展现其长久以来的国内外影响力。 5．第一段提到“The red walls and green tiles (瓦) set each other off beautifully. It’s so Beijing,”这直接说明红墙绿瓦极具北京特色，是典型的北京风格。 6．第五段情侣的话语提到“This was one of our meeting places when we went on dates (约会). You could say that the towers have seen our love grow,”体现出他们对中轴线充满感激之情，因为这里见证了他们的爱情成长。 7．第六段提到“Up and down the city there are beautiful palaces..., and fine houses in great numbers.”说明马可・波罗对古北京精美的宫殿与建筑感到惊叹。 8．最后一段提到马可・波罗与瑞典学者对北京中轴线的记录，表明“These Western records have given people around the world a taste of its history.”这说明中轴线早已被世界知晓，展现其国际影响力。 3 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．C 【解析】本文讲述了大学生雷宇明在飞机上帮助独自出行的老人，传递善意的真实故事。 9．原文第2段“His 69-year-old mother was going to fly alone…The old woman could not read well and did not speak Mandarin.”提到老人识字不多且不会说普通话，这是儿子担心的原因。 10．该段前文指出飞机降落后，雷宇明帮老人拿行李并陪她走到出口，因此后续帮助老人找家人这个动作的发出者仍是雷宇明，故划线单词He指代雷宇明。 11．原文第5段“The family thanked him…Zhao Chen was deeply moved.”明确提到老人的家人感谢雷宇明，赵晨被他的行为深深打动，因此家人的感受是感激且感动的，对应选项C的表述。 12．本文核心围绕陌生人出手帮助他人家人的暖心故事展开，主旨是展现陌生人之间的善意互助。C选项“Strangers Help Each Other(陌生人互相帮助)”最能概括全文主旨。A、B选项仅描述了部分情节，D选项过于宽泛，均不合适。 4 13．D 14．C 15．C 16．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了英国16岁少年Jared Lepora利用乐高积木制作出一款高性能仿生机械手的故事。 13．第一段提到Jared“created a robotic arm…using only ready-made Lego Mindstorms parts”，第二段提到他“co-authored research”。这说明他不仅动手实践能力强，还具备科研素养，在动手项目上表现出色。 14．第四段“The design is a playful interpretation of a serious line of robotics research…replacing the 3D-printed parts and metal bearings with standard Lego components and over 100 plastic Lego bearings.”以及第三段指出“My goal was to create an educational design which shows professional mechanisms in a simple educational way understandable by children.”可知，Jared的设计既将专业的机械结构进行了趣味化呈现，又专为儿童设计，具有创意性和教育性。 15．第四段指出“It is based on the Pisa/Ⅱ T SoftHand model, a world-leading development in soft robotics that uses a single tendon system to coordinate finger movements.”，Jared的设计基础是软机器人领域的先进模型。 16．前三段引出Jared的发明，第四段详细说明设计基础，最后一段强调“My generation and younger are the future of robotics…Building a robot hand with your own hands is a great way to learn about robotics.”，核心在于强调专业技术可以简化为教育工具，用于科普和学习。 5 17．D 18．D 19．B 20．C 【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了钱的起源、主要用途、发展变化，从早期的以物易物到现代的数字货币。 17．由第一段“It was hard to decide how many chickens were equal to a bag of rice.”可知，直接交易的困难在于难以决定不同物品的价值。 18．由第二段“Second, it helps us measure ( 衡量 ) and compare value. It acts as a unit of account. This means we use money to put a price on things, so we can easily tell a book costing 20 yuan is cheaper than a toy costing 50 yuan.”可知，前文明确指出货币的第二个职能是帮助人们衡量、比较物品的价值，后文对该短语做出解释。因此“unit of account”指的是用货币来衡量和比较物品的价值。 19．由第三段“An old coin becomes smooth, and its pictures are not so clear. Why? Because it has passed through many, many hands. This change shows the coin is working.”可知，作者描述旧币变光滑的目的是说明货币在日常生活中被使用，是有用的。 20．通读全文，文章先介绍了钱的起源（历史），接着讲了钱的三个主要用途，然后以硬币为例说明钱的使用，最后讲了现在的数字货币（今天的变化），整体结构为“History—Main uses—An example—Changes today”。 6 21．B 22．C 23．B 24．A 【解析】本文讲述了作者因自己短而卷曲的头发一度感到自卑、刻意迎合他人看法，后来走出舒适区、转变心态，最终变得自信、遵从本心成长的故事。 21．第一段指出“my hair was short and curly”，直接点明作者头发又短又卷。 22．第二段指出“I wanted to fit in and be accepted”，说明作者佩戴假发片，是为了融入集体、被他人接纳。 23．最后一段指出“I developed into a more confident person...live my life however I want to”，可以推断出作者如今变得更加自信，敢于做真实的自己。 24．全文从作者自卑、在意他人眼光，到主动改变、建立自我评判标准、活出自我，核心全程围绕作者思想与心态的转变展开。 7 25．A 26．D 27．B 28．C 【解析】本文解读了“真实地做自己”的含义，指出真正的真实并非固守旧习惯，而是突破舒适区、做出积极改变，成长为自己想成为的人。 25．第二段提到“You don’t lose yourself when you practice new ways of thinking and behaving.”你尝试新的思维和行为方式时，并没有失去自我，中间“Instead”转折，后文要表达的是“你的行为会更契合目标的要求”，因此“attuned to”意为“与……匹配/贴合”，对应A项。 26．文中第二段“True authenticity is not just about staying stuck in your usual patterns, ... Changing personality features actually means stepping out of your comfort zone and pushing you to grow beyond your limits, like bravely voicing your ideas in discussions. ”明确指出真正的真实是突破舒适区，为了在乎的事做出改变，比如在讨论中勇敢说出想法。D项“即使紧张也分享好想法”符合定义。 27．文章反复强调“走出舒适区、突破极限、做出改变”的重要性，最后一段“Remember: to be authentic is not to stay frozen in your old patterns ... Be brave to push beyond your limits!”也号召勇敢地突破极限吧！B项“成长来自突破极限”直接对应这一核心观点。 28．文章通过重新定义“真实自我”，打破“真实就是固守旧习惯”的误区，最终目的是鼓励读者突破舒适区、做出积极改变，成长为更好的自己。C项“鼓励突破旧模式的积极改变”准确概括了这一目的。 8 29．B 30．A 31．B 32．D 【解析】本文介绍了中国传统艺术形式——年画，包括它的历史发展、题材变化、制作工艺以及现代的流行变化。 29．原文第二段提到“Its earliest form was a picture of a door god during the Han Dynasty”，说明年画的最早形式是门神画。 30．原文第三段提到“they thought the traditional door gods too frightening to hang in their homes and preferred something more artistic — because these door gods usually looked strong, serious and angry-faced, holding sharp weapons in their hands”，上下文提到门神表情严肃、手持利器，因此“frightening”意为“吓人的”，与“Scary”意思相近。 31．原文第三段提到“What’s more, they thought the traditional door gods too frightening to hang in their homes and preferred something more artistic... So the sales of New Year paintings dropped sharply in the mid-1980s”，说明销量下降是因为人们想要更具艺术性的东西。 32．全文围绕年画这一传统艺术展开，介绍了它的定义、历史、制作工艺和现代变化。 9 33．C 34．B 35．C 36．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了南非青年Ludwick Marishane发明免洗凝胶“DryBath”的背景、过程及意义。 33．根据第一段第一句“...they started talking about inventing something to put on your skin so you don’t have to take a bath.”可知，Ludwick和朋友讨论的是发明一种可以涂抹在皮肤上从而不必洗澡的东西。选项C“Finding a way to avoid taking a bath.”（找到避免洗澡的方法）与此相符。A、B、D项文中未提及。 34．根据第一段最后两句“He used his mobile...found a surprising fact: 2.5 billion people around the world haven’t got clean water. This is a huge problem...”可知，Ludwick发现的令人惊讶的事实是：全球25亿人没有干净水可用。选项B“Many people faced the difficulty of not having clean water.”（许多人面临缺少干净水的困难）与此相符。A、C、D项文中未提及。 35．第二段按时间顺序讲述了Ludwick从产生想法、做研究、制定计划、写出配方，到大学期间继续推进、最终发明出DryBath的完整过程。选项C“How Ludwick invented the gel.”（Ludwick是如何发明这种凝胶的）准确概括了本段内容。A项“是什么鼓励了他”只在段首隐含提及，并非全段主旨；B项和D项涉及凝胶的优势和受欢迎程度，文中未在本段展开。 36．全文多处体现Ludwick的品质：他因关注缺水地区人们的健康问题而发明DryBath，帮助人们保持健康并节约用水，体现了“helpful”（乐于助人）；他通过手机自学、独立写出配方并坚持三年实现梦想，体现了“creative”（有创造力）和“persistent”（坚持不懈），选项中“Helpful and creative”最为贴切。B项“honest”（诚实）文中未体现；C项“brave and fearless”（勇敢无畏）未突出；D项“strict”（严格）与文意无关。故对应选项A。 10 37．C 38．B 39．C 40．C 【解析】本文介绍了中国传统文化中蛇的象征意义（吉祥、智慧、长寿、追求真爱）以及蛇年出生者的性格特征。 37．第一段提到2025年是蛇年，生肖以12年为一个周期，因此下一个蛇年为2025+12=2037年。 38．第三段提到“There is a kind of energy in the human body that moves like a snake. This snake-like energy is believed to keep people alive and healthy. Through Taoist practice, it can be controlled...”，it指代前文提到的“the snake-like energy”。 39．第四段提到蛇年出生的人通常聪明、有智慧、富有想象力和热情，这些特质可能让他们在取得成就的道路上更有优势，因此可以推断他们更有可能因为这些特质而取得成功。A项与第二段“symbol of luck”矛盾；B项追求长寿和活力是第三段内容，与民间故事无关；D项是文章最后一段直接陈述的内容，不属于推断。 40．全文既介绍了蛇在中国文化中的象征意义（第二、三、四段），也介绍了蛇年出生者的性格特征（第五段），因此作者的目的是介绍与蛇相关的性格特征和文化内涵。 11 41．D 42．A 43．C 44．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项关于鸡的情感表达的新研究。研究发现人类可以通过聆听鸡的叫声来判断它们是快乐还是悲伤，这项发现有望应用于养殖业，帮助农民更好地了解鸡的感受，从而改善它们的健康和福利。 41．根据文章第二段中的描述“When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds”可知，当鸡看到食物时，它们会发出快速且响亮的声音。选项D的声波图显示了频率高（波形密集）且振幅大（波峰高，代表音量大）的特点，符合“fast and loud”的描述。 42．根据文章第三段中的描述“The recordings were played to 194 volunteers. Sixty-nine percent of the volunteers correctly understood whether the chickens were feeling happy or not...”可知，研究人员将录制的鸡叫声播放给志愿者听，志愿者通过“听”鸡的叫声来帮助研究，判断鸡的情绪。 43．根据文章最后一段提到的“smart computer program”和“chickens’ feelings”可知，科学家正在开发一种智能程序来“识别”或“判断”鸡的情感。Identify在此处意为“识别、辨认”，与Recognize意思相近。Control意为“控制”，Hide意为“隐藏”，Hurt意为“伤害”，均不符合语境。 44．文章最后一段明确指出了这项研究的应用前景：“Hopefully, this finding can bring about new technology to help with chicken-raising...This is good news for farmers who want to make the chickens happier and healthier.”这表明文章的主要目的是展示这项关于动物情感的研究在农业养殖方面的潜在用途。 12 45．D 46．D 47．A 48．C 【解析】本文介绍了地球目前遭遇的多种环境问题，说明及时行动可以带来积极改变，呼吁人们关注地球环境问题。 45．根据第二段内容“A half-degree temperature rise is a big thing. It means that heat waves can last around one third longer and rainstorms will be about one third stronger. The increase in sea levels will be much higher, according to NASA.”可知，全球气温升0.5℃后，热浪持续时间会延长三分之一，暴雨强度会增强三分之一，低海拔国家未来可能被海水淹没。A项，新加坡是低海拔国家，不是高地；B项，原文明确说热浪会多持续三分之一，和选项描述相反；C项，原文没有提海平面升高三倍，无依据；D项，暴雨强度变强，也就是会更严重，符合原文描述。 46．根据“Ocean pollution has become serious”和“More than two-thirds of the world’s wildlife could be gone by the end of the decade (十年) if action isn’t taken soon, according to the World Wildlife Fund. ”可知，文章提到了海洋污染以及数量更少的动物， 因此②③正确。 47．文章第一段讲述了介绍了我们的星球正在“生病”；第二段到第四段介绍了地球出现的问题；第五段介绍人类在保护环境上取得了一些进展；第六段总结全文。所以文章结构如A选项所示。 48．文章开头就点出our planet is getting “sick”，全文围绕地球的环境问题展开，C项The sick planet“病态的星球”这个标题贴合主旨。 13 49．B 50．D 51．A 52．B 【解析】本文讲述老师布置暑假创意写作任务，全班都写常规假期内容，只有Jennie勇敢发挥想象力创作了外星短篇故事，最终获得全班唯一A的故事。 49．倒数第二段原文：“one of you had the courage to be as imaginative as I asked you to be. Jennie Anderson was the only one who got an A”，Jennie拿到A，是因为她没有按常规套路写作，勇敢遵从自己内心、大胆发挥创意。 50．Jennie情绪与事件顺序： 收到写作任务：感到无聊→下定决心创作外星故事→上交作文，整夜紧张不安、害怕不符合老师要求→得知自己拿A，难以置信、惊喜， Making a decision; Surprised完全匹配。 51．划线句子：“I’m afraid I’ve got some rather harsh words to say”，老师此时在批评全班作品缺乏创意，语气严肃严厉，对应Angry。 52．全文围绕一次与众不同、大胆创新的写作作业展开，最佳标题为“A Different Writing Task”。 14 53．A 54．B 55．D 56．C 【解析】本文主要探讨了父母如何帮助孩子培养健康的愤怒情绪，包括避免简单制止孩子哭泣、父母自身先学会健康表达愤怒、以及为孩子创造安全的情绪表达环境。 53．由第一段“In order to relieve this feeling, parents often encourage children to ‘stop crying’ and say things like ‘It’s nothing to cry about.’”可知，父母对孩子说“没什么好哭的”是为了缓解自己的不适感。 54．由第三段“Once you‘re better at experiencing anger and expressing it in a healthy way, you’ll be able to set a good example for your kids”可知，父母应以健康的方式表达自己的愤怒来为孩子树立榜样。 55．由最后一段“Anger is natural and normal, and it can be experienced and expressed in a healthy way”以及第五段“teach your children why anger is a helpful feeling”可知，作者认为愤怒是一种有帮助的（helpful）情绪。 56．全文围绕父母如何帮助孩子培养健康的愤怒情绪展开，第一段指出问题，第二至五段给出具体方法，最后一段总结愤怒可以健康地表达，因此主旨是父母应该在孩子身上培养健康的愤怒。 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $