Unit 5 Nature’s Temple（单元自测·湖北省卷专用）英语新教材人教版八年级下册

**基本信息** 以“灾害与防护”为主题，整合完形填空（风暴经历）、阅读理解（雷暴安全、洪水新闻、学习类型）、读写综合（全球变暖）等题型，融合语言能力与思维品质培养，适配八年级下册Unit 5单元复习。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|15题/15分|动词、连词、介词等语法|以个人风暴经历为情境，考查上下文理解与词汇运用| |阅读理解|20题/40分|细节理解、推理判断、主旨归纳|A篇雷暴安全指南（实用信息）、B篇甘肃洪水新闻（社会热点）、C篇学习类型（学习能力），第二节七选五补全台风形成与防护（逻辑思维）| |选词填空|10题/10分|动词、名词等词形变化|围绕“改善亲子关系”，考查词汇辨析与语境运用| |读写综合|25分|信息提取、书面表达|任务型阅读分析全球变暖（跨学科关联），书面表达介绍灾害防护方法（问题解决能力）|

2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测（湖北省卷专用） Unit 5·培优卷（参考答案） 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．A 16．D 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．A 21．B 22．C 23．C 24．D 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．B 30．C 31．D 32．C 33．F 34．B 35．A 36．improve 37．Spend 38．Instead 39．about 40．way 41．harder 42．Share 43．heart 44．proud 45．win 46．Global warming and the El Niño phenomenon 47．Results 48．Be harmful to crops/Harm crops 49．Develop technology and plant more trees 50．We can ride a bike to school to reduce carbon emissions./We can save energy by turning off the lights when we go out. 范文： In recent years, there have been many disasters, such as floods, earthquakes, fires and so on. When floods come, we should get to high ground. During earthquakes, we can hide under a strong desk. If a fire happens, we should cover our mouths and noses with a wet towel. To prevent future disasters, we should plant more trees and learn about disaster-related knowledge. We can also share some related information with others. If we keep these in mind, we can protect ourselves well and stay safe. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测（湖北省卷专用） Unit 5·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：90分） 一、完形填空（共 15小题，每小题 1分，满分 15分） 阅读短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Have you ever experienced anything really terrible that made you have scary dreams at night? One of the 1 experiences of mine was going through a storm. One morning when I was eight years old, the news on TV 2 that there was a storm that might soon move into our town. But my parents and I were not going to leave our house because we thought the 3 wouldn’t be too serious. Around 8:00 p.m., the wind 4 to blow. We could see the leaves 5 everywhere. About an hour later, it started to rain 6 . The branches (树枝) of the trees started to break off. I felt the wind pushing me back 7 I opened the door. At about 10:00 p.m., I tried to 8 but the wind kept making noises. Suddenly, my parents and I heard a 9 noise and knew that something bad happened. The storm broke a 10 into pieces and started to come in. After seeing this, we were so shocked that we couldn’t say a word. We kept 11 for a while and decided to do something. I got some rubbish bags to cover the TV and computer in our house. My parents pushed an old bed to block the window, but the wind kept blowing it down. So they found 12 to prop up (支撑) the bed. Luckily, the storm didn’t become worse again. The storm lasted 13 12 hours and stopped the next morning. When we went out, we saw the 14 trees everywhere. This storm experience made us 15 that storms are very dangerous. We should take them seriously and make full preparations before they come. 1．A．longest B．busiest C．happiest D．worst 2．A．pointed B．remembered C．reported D．shared 3．A．snow B．storm C．sunshine D．thunder 4．A．began B．meant C．continued D．planned 5．A．losing B．watering C．feeding D．flying 6．A．slowly B．hardly C．heavily D．lightly 7．A．now that B．as soon as C．even if D．so that 8．A．fall asleep B．wake up C．come back D．sit down 9．A．usual B．loud C．soft D．clear 10．A．table B．chair C．door D．window 11．A．brave B．curious C．still D．safe 12．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 13．A．in B．on C．for D．at 14．A．strong B．fallen C．fresh D．sick 15．A．realize B．wonder C．change D．imagine 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文讲述作者儿时遭遇暴风雨的可怕经历，以及这次经历让他意识到风暴危险、应认真对待的道理。 1．句意：我最糟糕的经历之一就是经历了一场暴风雨。 上文提到会让人做噩梦的可怕事情，此处需要一个形容经历糟糕的形容词，与可怕、恐怖的语境相呼应，worst“最糟糕的”符合语境。longest“最长的”、busiest“最忙的”、happiest“最开心的”均为积极或中性含义，无法对应前文的可怕体验。 2．句意：在我八岁的一个早上，电视新闻报道说一场暴风雨可能很快会移到我们镇。 上文提到“the news on TV”电视新闻，新闻的核心功能是发布、报道消息，reported“报道”符合这一职业行为逻辑。pointed“指向”、remembered“记得”、shared“分享”均不是新闻的常规动作。 3．句意：但是我和父母不打算离开家，因为我们认为这场暴风雨不会太严重。 上文多次提到即将来临的“storm”，本句承接上文内容，继续讨论这场风暴，storm“暴风雨”符合上下文话题。snow“雪”、sunshine“阳光”、thunder“雷声”均与前文提到的风暴无关。 4．句意：晚上八点左右，风开始刮起来。 上文提到风暴即将来临，此处描述风暴开始出现的具体表现，began“开始”体现动作的起始状态。meant“意味着”、continued“继续”、planned“计划”均不能描述风刚开始刮的情景。 5．句意：我们能看到树叶到处飞。 上文提到风开始刮，刮风时树叶会被风吹得四处飞舞，flying“飞”符合这一自然现象。losing“丢失”、watering“浇水”、feeding“喂养”均与树叶在风中的状态无关。 6．句意：大约一小时后，雨开始下得很大。 上文描述风暴逐步加剧，此处形容雨势猛烈，heavily“猛烈地”是修饰雨下得大的常用副词。slowly“缓慢地”、hardly“几乎不”、lightly“轻微地”均无法体现暴雨的强度。 7．句意：我一打开门，就感觉风把我往后推。 上文描述风很大，本句表达开门与风吹来的时间先后关系，as soon as“一……就……”用于引导时间状语从句，符合语境逻辑。now that“既然”、even if“即使”、so that“以便”均不表示时间先后。 8．句意：晚上十点左右，我尽力入睡，但是风一直发出噪音。 上文时间是“At about 10:00 p.m.”晚上十点，属于正常休息睡觉的时间，后文又提到噪音影响休息，fall asleep“入睡”符合这一情境。wake up“醒来”、come back“回来”、sit down“坐下”均与睡觉的语境不符。 9．句意：突然，我和父母听到一声巨响，知道有不好的事情发生了。 上文风暴越来越猛烈，发生破坏时通常会伴随巨大的声响，loud“大声的”符合危险发生时的声音特征。usual“平常的”、soft“轻柔的”、clear“清晰的”均不能体现突发的破坏性声响。 10．句意：暴风雨把一扇窗户打碎了，风开始吹进来。 下文提到父母用旧床挡住窗户，与之对应被破坏的物品就是窗户，window“窗户”符合上下文线索。table“桌子”、chair“椅子”、door“门”均与后文遮挡窗户的内容不对应。 11．句意：我们静静地待了一会儿，然后决定做些什么。 上文看到窗户被破坏的景象让我们十分震惊，以至于呆住不动、说不出话，still“静止的”表示静止、不动的状态，符合当时的反应。brave“勇敢的”、curious“好奇的”、safe“安全的”均不符合震惊发呆的情境。 12．句意：所以他们找了些东西来支撑床。 上文提到床一直被风吹倒，需要找某个物品来支撑，肯定句中用something“某物”表示某物。anything“任何事物”多用于否定句和疑问句，nothing“没有什么”表示没有东西，everything“一切”表示所有东西，均不符合语境。 13．句意：暴风雨持续了12个小时，第二天早上停了。 下文接时间段“12 hours”，表示动作持续多长时间要用介词for“达，计”。in“在……里面”、on“在……上面”、at“在”均不能用于接时间段表示持续。 14．句意：我们出去后，看到到处都是倒下的树。 上文经历了强烈的暴风雨，树木会被狂风刮倒在地，fallen“倒下的”表示倒下的，符合风暴后的场景。strong“强壮的”、fresh“新鲜的”、sick“生病的”均不能描述风暴对树木造成的结果。 15．句意：这次暴风雨经历让我们意识到暴风雨非常危险。 上文完整讲述了经历风暴的全过程，下文由此得出感悟和认知，realize“意识到、领悟到”符合从经历中获得道理的逻辑。wonder“想知道”、change“改变”、imagine“想象”均无法表达这种感悟。 二、阅读理解（共 20小题，每小题 2分，满分 40分） 第一节 （共 15小题，每小题 2分，满分 30分） 阅读三篇短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。 A 16．What is safe to use during a thunderstorm? A．Radios. B．Corded telephones. C．Computers. D．Mobile phones. 17．What should we do first during a thunderstorm? A．Find a safe shelter. B．Power off mobile phones. C．Protect ears from loud thunder. D．Stay away from metal objects. 18．Which of the following is the best shelter during a thunderstorm? A．A tall tree in an open field. B．A small tent on the grass. C．A closed-window car. D．A bus stop with a metal roof. 19．A family camping in an open area meets a thunderstorm. What should they do? A．Stand together under the tallest tree. B．Crouch low with their heels together. C．Keep their feet touching the ground. D．Stay out and lie down on the ground. 20．Where might we read this passage? A．On a weather website. B．In a travel magazine. C．In a sports newspaper. D．In a museum guidebook. 【答案】16．D 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了雷暴天气中应对雷电的安全防护知识，详细说明了遭遇雷电时的正确做法。 16．文章左侧部分“Stay off corded telephones, computers and radios except mobile phones.”表明雷暴天气中，手机是安全的使用设备，收音机、有线电话、电脑均不安全。 17．文章左侧部分“SEEK SHELTER FIRST”表明雷暴天气中，首要做法是寻找安全的庇护所。 18．文章左侧部分“Move to a building or a car with windows closed.”表明关闭车窗的汽车是雷暴天气中合适的庇护所，而大树、小帐篷、金属顶公交站均存在安全隐患。 19．文章右侧部分“Crouch down as low as possible.”以及“Keep your heels touching each other.”表明外出露营遭遇雷暴时，应蹲低身体并并拢脚后跟。 20．文章介绍的是雷暴天气的安全防护知识，这类内容通常出现在天气相关的网站上，而非旅游杂志、体育报纸或博物馆指南中。 B Fifteen people died and 28 were missing after flash floods hit Yuzhong County and nearby areas in Lanzhou, Gansu Province. CCTV reported this news, at 6 p.m. on Saturday, according to the local flood control office. Heavy rains from Thursday to Friday caused the disaster. The rain was very heavy. In some places, 220 millimeters (毫米) of rain fell in just 15 hours. That’s more than half of what the area gets in a whole year! The floods damaged many things: roads were washed out, power lines fell down, and some houses were destroyed. Over 30,000 people had to leave their homes. They couldn’t get clean water or electricity easily. Two important roads were badly hit: the S104 highway and Xinghuang Road. Nearly 40 kilometres of these roads were damaged. These roads are very useful. People use them to carry food and other goods, and to go from one place to another. Now that the roads are closed, it’s hard for workers to deliver (运送) aid to those in need. It’s also difficult for people to go out daily. But many people are working hard to help. By 6 p.m. on Friday, the provincial transport department (省交通部门) had sent more than 40 big machines, like diggers, and over 200 workers. They worked to fix the roads. So far, they have opened three parts of the S104 highway and four parts of Xinghuang Road again. Other workers are trying to fix the power and water. Many companies are giving help too, like sending tents and food. The rescue and repair work is still going on. Everyone hopes things will get better soon. 21．How much rain fell compared to the area’s usual yearly rain? A．Double the yearly rain. B．Over half of yearly rain. C．About 1/3 of yearly rain. D．Exactly half of yearly rain. 22．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．heavy rains B．the floods C．people D．power lines 23．What does the underlined word “diggers” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Tools cleaning water. B．Doctors saving people. C．Machines fixing roads. D．Helicopters (直升机) finding people. 24．What is the report mainly about? A．How many people were hurt. B．Why the heavy rain happened. C．Money lost from road damage. D．The flood’s harm and help given. 25．Why does the writer give numbers of machines and workers? A．To say help came too late. B．To compare different helpers. C．To explain why power went out. D．To show how hard people are working. 【答案】21．B 22．C 23．C 24．D 25．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了甘肃省兰州市榆中县及周边地区遭遇暴雨引发的洪水灾害，介绍了灾害造成的损失、影响以及各方救援情况。 21．第一段提到“In some places, 220 millimeters (毫米) of rain fell in just 15 hours. That’s more than half of what the area gets in a whole year!”，这直接表明有些地方15小时的降雨量超过了该地区全年降雨量的一半。 22．第二段“The floods damaged many things: roads were washed out, power lines fell down, and some houses were destroyed. Over 30,000 people had to leave their homes. They couldn’t get clean water or electricity easily.”中，前文描述了洪水造成的各种破坏，接着说这些人不能轻易获得干净的水和电，所以“they”指代的是受洪水影响的人们。 23．第四段“the provincial transport department (省交通部门) had sent more than 40 big machines, like diggers, and over 200 workers. They worked to fix the roads.”中，省交通部门派机器和工人去修路，所以“diggers”应该是用于修路的机器。 24．文章先介绍了洪水造成的危害，如人员伤亡、道路损坏、人们生活受影响等，接着又讲述了很多人努力救援，省交通部门派机器和工人修路，其他工人修复水电，公司也提供帮助等情况，所以报告主要是关于洪水的危害和给予的帮助。 25．第四段提到省交通部门派了40多台大机器和200多名工人去修路，结合前文道路损坏严重以及后文“So far, they have opened three parts of the S104 highway and four parts of Xinghuang Road again.”可知，作者给出机器和工人的数量是为了表明人们工作多么努力。 C Why are your study habits different from those of your friends? Why do you seem to learn faster in some classes while more slowly in others? One reason you may not know is that people have different types (类型). Scientists say there are three different learning types: Visual (视觉型), Auditory (听觉型) and Kinesthetic (动觉型). Visual learners learn best by seeing. If you seem to easily remember information from pictures, graphs (图表) and videos, you are probably a visual learner. You’re not good at copying down what the teacher says in class. Never mind. You can draw graphs or pictures instead, if you find that works better for you. Auditory learners learn best by hearing. If you seem to easily remember things by hearing them, then you are probably an auditory learner. You must listen carefully while the teacher is speaking because it’s the easiest way for you to learn. Sometimes you may find that taking notes stops you from listening carefully. After class, you can write down what you remember or borrow your friend’s notes to copy. Kinesthetic learners learn best by doing. If you seem to learn best by working with your hands, you are probably a kinesthetic learner. Taking notes by writing can make you pay close attention to information as you receive it. Of course, you can learn best by making full use of labs or other class activities. Hope you learn better by knowing what your personal learning type is. 26．There are ________ different learning types according to the passage. A．two B．three C．four D．five 27．Jude can remember the words of a song quickly by listening to it once or twice. She might be a/an ________ according to the passage. A．auditory learner B．visual learner C．strange learner D．usual learner 28．Kinesthetic learners learn best by ________. A．remembering information from videos B．listening to teachers in class C．drawing graphs or pictures D．doing things with their hands 29．If you are a visual learner, which way helps you learn best? A．Listening to the teacher’s words carefully. B．Drawing graphs or pictures to remember information. C．Taking notes while the teacher is speaking. D．Doing hands-on activities in labs. 30．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to take good notes in class. B．Why people have different study habits. C．Three types of learning and how to learn best for each. D．The importance of listening carefully in class. 【答案】26．B 27．A 28．D 29．B 30．C 【导语】本文介绍了三种不同的学习类型（视觉型、听觉型、动觉型），并说明了每种类型的学习特点与对应的最佳学习方式。 26．第一段提到：“Scientists say there are three different learning types: Visual, Auditory and Kinesthetic”，说明文中提到的学习类型有3种。 27．第三段指出：“Auditory learners learn best by hearing”，Jude通过听歌曲快速记歌词，符合听觉型学习者的特点。 28．第四段提到：“Kinesthetic learners learn best by doing...by working with your hands”，可知动觉型学习者通过动手实践学习效果最好。 29．第二段提到视觉型学习者：“learn best by seeing...draw graphs or pictures to remember information”，因此画图记信息是最适合的方式。 30．全文围绕“三种学习类型及每种类型的最佳学习方式”展开，“Three types of learning and how to learn best for each”最能概括文章主旨。 第二节 （共 5小题，每小题 2分，满分10分） 请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。 Typhoons are some of the worst storms, usually around the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea. Most happen in July, August and September. 31 When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates (蒸发) into the air. This makes the air hotter. When the air gets warm enough, it starts to move higher up into the sky. Then cooler air around it rushes in. It fills the space that is left. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. The wind goes in circles and it keeps moving higher in the sky. 32 And when the wind moves faster than 30 metres a second, a typhoon begins. A typhoon has two parts. One is called the “eye”. In the eye, the wind does not move so fast. 33 This is where the stronger winds and heaviest rain are. 34 In November 2013, Typhoon Haiyan killed around 6,000 people in the Philippines. More people were badly hurt and some others were missing. 35 * Stay inside. Close all the windows and stay away from them. * Try to bring all of your things inside. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes! * Listen to the radio or TV for important information. * If you’re told to go to a safer place, do it right away. A．What should we do when a typhoon hits? B．Typhoons are very dangerous. C．The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind moves. D．How does a typhoon happen? E．Typhoons often happen in the hot season. F．The other part is the wall of clouds around the eye. 【答案】31．D 32．C 33．F 34．B 35．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了台风形成的过程、结构和危害，并给出了台风来临时应采取的措施。 31．根据下文“When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates into the air... And when the wind moves faster than 30 metres a second, a typhoon begins.”，此处是介绍台风的形成，选项D“台风是如何发生的”引出下文。 32．根据上文“After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. The wind goes in circles and it keeps moving higher in the sky.”和下文“And when the wind moves faster than 30 metres a second, a typhoon begins.”，此处是介绍温度越高，风移动得就越快，就形成了台风。选项C“空气越热，风吹得越快”表述台风的形成原理。 33．根据上文“A typhoon has two parts. One is called the ‘eye’. In the eye, the wind does not move so fast.”，前文提到台风分为两部分，此处应介绍台风的另一部分，选项F“另一部分是台风眼周围的云墙”符合语境。 34．根据下文“In November 2013, Typhoon Haiyan killed around 6,000 people in the Philippines.”，此处表明台风是危险的，选项B“台风是非常危险的”，承接下文台风造成的灾难。 35．根据下文“Stay inside... Try to bring all of your things inside... Listen to the radio or TV for important information... If you’re told to go to a safer place, do it right away.”，此处介绍台风来袭时我们应该怎么办，选项A“台风来袭时我们应该怎么办”，引出下文具体措施。 三、选词填空（共 10小题，每小题 1分，满分 10分） 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一空，每词限用一次。 win，improve，instead，way，hard，share，heart，proud，spend，about Sometimes you might feel it impossible to get on well (相处) with your parents. But in fact, it isn’t as difficult as you think. Follow these ways, and then you’ll 36 your relationship with them. 37 more time with your parents. Your parents won’t always be around, so try to spend more time with them. This doesn’t mean just sitting in front of TV together. 38 , you should do more activities with your parents. By doing so, all of you will feel happy and relaxed. Talk with your parents more often. In order to understand them better, you should talk with them more often. Try to learn more about them. For example, you could ask them 39 their own childhood. In this 40 ,  you will understand them better. Always listen to your parents. This may seem simple, but it’s often 41 than you think. Look at your parents when they are talking. Don’t interrupt (打断) them, and then speak clearly when replying to them. 42 your feelings with your parents. Sometimes your parents also want to learn more about you. Just do your best to open your 43 to them. When possible, talk to them about something at school or what you really want to be in the future. Make your parents feel 44 There are always some ways to make your parents feel good about you. By working hard, you can do well at school or 45 prizes in games. They will think how lucky they are to have you and be more willing to talk about you in front of others. 【答案】 36．improve 37．Spend 38．Instead 39．about 40．way 41．harder 42．Share 43．heart 44．proud 45．win 【导语】本文介绍了改善与父母关系的方法，包括多陪伴、多沟通等，帮助读者更好地与父母相处。 36．句意：遵循这些方法，你会改善和他们的关系。结合“get on well with your parents”的语境，此处需填表示“改善”的动词，选单词improve，符合“提升亲子关系”的语义。 37．句意：多花时间和父母在一起。此处是祈使句，需填动词原形开头，结合“spend more time with them”的细节，选单词Spend（首字母大写），符合语义。 38．句意：相反，你应该和父母一起做更多活动。结合“not just sitting in front of TV”的转折语境，此处需填表示“相反”的副词，选单词Instead（首字母大写），符合逻辑。 39．句意：比如，你可以问他们关于自己童年的事。“ask sb. about sth.”是固定搭配表示“询问某人关于某事”，此处填about，符合搭配。 40．句意：通过这种方式，你会更好地理解他们。“in this way”是固定短语表示“通过这种方式”，选单词way，符合搭配。 41．句意：这可能看起来简单，但往往比你想的更难。结合“than”的比较级标志，此处需填hard的比较级harder，符合语义。 42．句意：和父母分享你的感受。此处是祈使句，需填动词原形开头，“share...with...”表示“与……分享……”，选单词Share（首字母大写），符合搭配。 43．句意：尽量向他们敞开心扉。“open one’s heart to sb.”是固定搭配表示“向某人敞开心扉”，选单词heart，符合搭配。 44．句意：让你的父母感到自豪。“feel proud”表示“感到自豪”，结合“make your parents feel good about you”的语境，选单词proud，符合语义。 45．句意：通过努力学习，你可以在学校表现出色，或者在比赛中赢得奖品。结合“prizes in games”的语境，此处需填表示“赢得”的动词，选单词win，情态动词can后跟动词原形，符合语义。 四、读写综合（共两节，满分 25分） 第一节 任务型阅读 （共 5小题，每小题 2分，满分 10分） 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题，要求所写答案语法正确，语义完整且切题。 According to official records, the average temperature in 2024 is 1.03℃ higher than the usual average. Global warming is the main reason for China’s higher-than-normal temperatures. It has caused rising sea levels and more extreme (极端的) weather, including longer heatwaves and fewer cold days. The El Niño phenomenon (厄尔尼诺现象)—the warming of water in the Pacific Ocean—also adds to rising temperatures. During the later stages of an El Niño event, global temperatures usually rise, making global warming worse and causing more extreme weather. A 1℃ rise in temperature has a strong influence on nature. It makes coastal areas face flooding as sea levels rise over time. Warmer temperatures are also harmful to crops (庄稼). Studies also warn that a 1.58℃ rise could lead to the loss of over 10% of species (物种). Higher temperatures may increase crop production in some places for a short time.However, in the long term, farming will face bigger challenges because of unbalanced rainfall and heat. Water shortages caused by less rain could get worse, possibly influencing up to 1.7 billion people. Illnesses related to heat are becoming more common. Longer heatwaves raise health risks, showing the need for better healthcare and safety methods. To deal with these problems, experts suggest developing technology to reduce carbon emissions (碳排放) and planting more trees to absorb (吸收) CO₂. Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Rising Temperatures Causes 46 . (不超过8词) 47 (仅填1词) Cause coastal flooding and water shortages. 48 . (不超过5词) Make species disappear. Make people suffer from illnesses caused by heat. Solutions 49 . (不超过8词) What else can we do to deal with rising temperatures in our daily life? 50 (结合自身实际，不超过15词) 【答案】46．Global warming and the El Niño phenomenon 47．Results 48．Be harmful to crops/Harm crops 49．Develop technology and plant more trees 50．We can ride a bike to school to reduce carbon emissions./We can save energy by turning off the lights when we go out. 【导语】本文主要介绍了全球气温上升的原因、影响以及应对措施，同时鼓励思考个人在日常生活中应对气温上升的做法。 46．第一段明确提到“Global warming is the main reason for China’s higher-than-normal temperatures.”以及“The El Niño phenomenon—the warming of water in the Pacific Ocean—also adds to rising temperatures.”，说明全球变暖和厄尔尼诺现象是气温上升的原因，所以答案是“Global warming and the El Niño phenomenon”。 47．根据表格结构，此空对应的是气温上升带来的结果部分，“Cause coastal flooding and water shortages.”是气温上升导致的结果，所以这里填表示“结果”的“Results”。 48．第三段提到“Warmer temperatures are also harmful to crops (庄稼).”，意思是对庄稼有害，也就是使庄稼受到伤害，可表达为“Be harmful to crops/Harm crops”。 49．最后一段提到“To deal with these problems, experts suggest developing technology to reduce carbon emissions (碳排放) and planting more trees to absorb (吸收) CO₂.”，即专家建议开发技术和种植更多树木来应对问题，所以答案是“Develop technology and plant more trees”。 50．开放题，答案不唯一。结合自身实际，从减少碳排放、节约能源等方面回答即可，例如“We can ride a bike to school to reduce carbon emissions.”或者“We can save energy by turning off the lights when we go out.” 第二节 书面表达 （共1题，满分 15分） 近年来，我们身边发生了各种灾害。假如你是一名中学生，正参加英语写作大赛，请你根据以下内容写一篇英语短文，介绍在不同的灾害中保护自己的方法，同时提出预防措施。 注意事项： 1. 要点齐全，语句通顺，意思连贯，符合题意； 2. 词数80左右; 3. 文中不得使用真实的个人姓名或学校名称。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文： In recent years, there have been many disasters, such as floods, earthquakes, fires and so on. When floods come, we should get to high ground. During earthquakes, we can hide under a strong desk. If a fire happens, we should cover our mouths and noses with a wet towel. To prevent future disasters, we should plant more trees and learn about disaster-related knowledge. We can also share some related information with others. If we keep these in mind, we can protect ourselves well and stay safe. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：介绍性说明文，用一般现在时为主 明确要点：灾害类型（洪水、地震、火灾等）；自救方法（洪水前往高地、地震躲桌下、火灾用湿毛巾捂口鼻）；预防措施（植树、学习防灾知识等） 确定人称：第一人称（we/our） 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名、学校名称 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句，点明近年来灾害频发 主体段：分场景介绍不同灾害的自救方法，同时说明预防措施 结尾段：总结升华，强调牢记防灾知识、保护自身安全的重要性 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：灾害类型与自救方法 灾害类型：floods/earthquakes/fires/typhoons等 自救方法：get to high ground/hide under a strong desk/cover our mouths and noses with a wet towel/stay indoors/close all windows等 要点二：预防措施 植树：plant more trees/protect forests等 学习防灾知识：learn about disaster-related knowledge/watch educational safety videos等 其他方式：share some related information with others/pay attention to weather reports等 要点三：结尾升华 总结呼吁：keep these in mind/remember these tips等 点明结果：protect ourselves well/stay safe/keep ourselves from danger等 1 / 14 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测（湖北省卷专用） Unit 5·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：90分） 一、完形填空（共 15小题，每小题 1分，满分 15分） 阅读短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Have you ever experienced anything really terrible that made you have scary dreams at night? One of the 1 experiences of mine was going through a storm. One morning when I was eight years old, the news on TV 2 that there was a storm that might soon move into our town. But my parents and I were not going to leave our house because we thought the 3 wouldn’t be too serious. Around 8:00 p.m., the wind 4 to blow. We could see the leaves 5 everywhere. About an hour later, it started to rain 6 . The branches (树枝) of the trees started to break off. I felt the wind pushing me back 7 I opened the door. At about 10:00 p.m., I tried to 8 but the wind kept making noises. Suddenly, my parents and I heard a 9 noise and knew that something bad happened. The storm broke a 10 into pieces and started to come in. After seeing this, we were so shocked that we couldn’t say a word. We kept 11 for a while and decided to do something. I got some rubbish bags to cover the TV and computer in our house. My parents pushed an old bed to block the window, but the wind kept blowing it down. So they found 12 to prop up (支撑) the bed. Luckily, the storm didn’t become worse again. The storm lasted 13 12 hours and stopped the next morning. When we went out, we saw the 14 trees everywhere. This storm experience made us 15 that storms are very dangerous. We should take them seriously and make full preparations before they come. 1．A．longest B．busiest C．happiest D．worst 2．A．pointed B．remembered C．reported D．shared 3．A．snow B．storm C．sunshine D．thunder 4．A．began B．meant C．continued D．planned 5．A．losing B．watering C．feeding D．flying 6．A．slowly B．hardly C．heavily D．lightly 7．A．now that B．as soon as C．even if D．so that 8．A．fall asleep B．wake up C．come back D．sit down 9．A．usual B．loud C．soft D．clear 10．A．table B．chair C．door D．window 11．A．brave B．curious C．still D．safe 12．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 13．A．in B．on C．for D．at 14．A．strong B．fallen C．fresh D．sick 15．A．realize B．wonder C．change D．imagine 二、阅读理解（共 20小题，每小题 2分，满分 40分） 第一节 （共 15小题，每小题 2分，满分 30分） 阅读三篇短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。 A 16．What is safe to use during a thunderstorm? A．Radios. B．Corded telephones. C．Computers. D．Mobile phones. 17．What should we do first during a thunderstorm? A．Find a safe shelter. B．Power off mobile phones. C．Protect ears from loud thunder. D．Stay away from metal objects. 18．Which of the following is the best shelter during a thunderstorm? A．A tall tree in an open field. B．A small tent on the grass. C．A closed-window car. D．A bus stop with a metal roof. 19．A family camping in an open area meets a thunderstorm. What should they do? A．Stand together under the tallest tree. B．Crouch low with their heels together. C．Keep their feet touching the ground. D．Stay out and lie down on the ground. 20．Where might we read this passage? A．On a weather website. B．In a travel magazine. C．In a sports newspaper. D．In a museum guidebook. B Fifteen people died and 28 were missing after flash floods hit Yuzhong County and nearby areas in Lanzhou, Gansu Province. CCTV reported this news, at 6 p.m. on Saturday, according to the local flood control office. Heavy rains from Thursday to Friday caused the disaster. The rain was very heavy. In some places, 220 millimeters (毫米) of rain fell in just 15 hours. That’s more than half of what the area gets in a whole year! The floods damaged many things: roads were washed out, power lines fell down, and some houses were destroyed. Over 30,000 people had to leave their homes. They couldn’t get clean water or electricity easily. Two important roads were badly hit: the S104 highway and Xinghuang Road. Nearly 40 kilometres of these roads were damaged. These roads are very useful. People use them to carry food and other goods, and to go from one place to another. Now that the roads are closed, it’s hard for workers to deliver (运送) aid to those in need. It’s also difficult for people to go out daily. But many people are working hard to help. By 6 p.m. on Friday, the provincial transport department (省交通部门) had sent more than 40 big machines, like diggers, and over 200 workers. They worked to fix the roads. So far, they have opened three parts of the S104 highway and four parts of Xinghuang Road again. Other workers are trying to fix the power and water. Many companies are giving help too, like sending tents and food. The rescue and repair work is still going on. Everyone hopes things will get better soon. 21．How much rain fell compared to the area’s usual yearly rain? A．Double the yearly rain. B．Over half of yearly rain. C．About 1/3 of yearly rain. D．Exactly half of yearly rain. 22．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．heavy rains B．the floods C．people D．power lines 23．What does the underlined word “diggers” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Tools cleaning water. B．Doctors saving people. C．Machines fixing roads. D．Helicopters (直升机) finding people. 24．What is the report mainly about? A．How many people were hurt. B．Why the heavy rain happened. C．Money lost from road damage. D．The flood’s harm and help given. 25．Why does the writer give numbers of machines and workers? A．To say help came too late. B．To compare different helpers. C．To explain why power went out. D．To show how hard people are working. C Why are your study habits different from those of your friends? Why do you seem to learn faster in some classes while more slowly in others? One reason you may not know is that people have different types (类型). Scientists say there are three different learning types: Visual (视觉型), Auditory (听觉型) and Kinesthetic (动觉型). Visual learners learn best by seeing. If you seem to easily remember information from pictures, graphs (图表) and videos, you are probably a visual learner. You’re not good at copying down what the teacher says in class. Never mind. You can draw graphs or pictures instead, if you find that works better for you. Auditory learners learn best by hearing. If you seem to easily remember things by hearing them, then you are probably an auditory learner. You must listen carefully while the teacher is speaking because it’s the easiest way for you to learn. Sometimes you may find that taking notes stops you from listening carefully. After class, you can write down what you remember or borrow your friend’s notes to copy. Kinesthetic learners learn best by doing. If you seem to learn best by working with your hands, you are probably a kinesthetic learner. Taking notes by writing can make you pay close attention to information as you receive it. Of course, you can learn best by making full use of labs or other class activities. Hope you learn better by knowing what your personal learning type is. 26．There are ________ different learning types according to the passage. A．two B．three C．four D．five 27．Jude can remember the words of a song quickly by listening to it once or twice. She might be a/an ________ according to the passage. A．auditory learner B．visual learner C．strange learner D．usual learner 28．Kinesthetic learners learn best by ________. A．remembering information from videos B．listening to teachers in class C．drawing graphs or pictures D．doing things with their hands 29．If you are a visual learner, which way helps you learn best? A．Listening to the teacher’s words carefully. B．Drawing graphs or pictures to remember information. C．Taking notes while the teacher is speaking. D．Doing hands-on activities in labs. 30．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to take good notes in class. B．Why people have different study habits. C．Three types of learning and how to learn best for each. D．The importance of listening carefully in class. 第二节 （共 5小题，每小题 2分，满分10分） 请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。 Typhoons are some of the worst storms, usually around the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea. Most happen in July, August and September. 31 When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates (蒸发) into the air. This makes the air hotter. When the air gets warm enough, it starts to move higher up into the sky. Then cooler air around it rushes in. It fills the space that is left. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. The wind goes in circles and it keeps moving higher in the sky. 32 And when the wind moves faster than 30 metres a second, a typhoon begins. A typhoon has two parts. One is called the “eye”. In the eye, the wind does not move so fast. 33 This is where the stronger winds and heaviest rain are. 34 In November 2013, Typhoon Haiyan killed around 6,000 people in the Philippines. More people were badly hurt and some others were missing. 35 * Stay inside. Close all the windows and stay away from them. * Try to bring all of your things inside. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes! * Listen to the radio or TV for important information. * If you’re told to go to a safer place, do it right away. A．What should we do when a typhoon hits? B．Typhoons are very dangerous. C．The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind moves. D．How does a typhoon happen? E．Typhoons often happen in the hot season. F．The other part is the wall of clouds around the eye. 三、选词填空（共 10小题，每小题 1分，满分 10分） 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一空，每词限用一次。 win，improve，instead，way，hard，share，heart，proud，spend，about Sometimes you might feel it impossible to get on well (相处) with your parents. But in fact, it isn’t as difficult as you think. Follow these ways, and then you’ll 36 your relationship with them. 37 more time with your parents. Your parents won’t always be around, so try to spend more time with them. This doesn’t mean just sitting in front of TV together. 38 , you should do more activities with your parents. By doing so, all of you will feel happy and relaxed. Talk with your parents more often. In order to understand them better, you should talk with them more often. Try to learn more about them. For example, you could ask them 39 their own childhood. In this 40 ,  you will understand them better. Always listen to your parents. This may seem simple, but it’s often 41 than you think. Look at your parents when they are talking. Don’t interrupt (打断) them, and then speak clearly when replying to them. 42 your feelings with your parents. Sometimes your parents also want to learn more about you. Just do your best to open your 43 to them. When possible, talk to them about something at school or what you really want to be in the future. Make your parents feel 44 There are always some ways to make your parents feel good about you. By working hard, you can do well at school or 45 prizes in games. They will think how lucky they are to have you and be more willing to talk about you in front of others. 四、读写综合（共两节，满分 25分） 第一节 任务型阅读 （共 5小题，每小题 2分，满分 10分） 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题，要求所写答案语法正确，语义完整且切题。 According to official records, the average temperature in 2024 is 1.03℃ higher than the usual average. Global warming is the main reason for China’s higher-than-normal temperatures. It has caused rising sea levels and more extreme (极端的) weather, including longer heatwaves and fewer cold days. The El Niño phenomenon (厄尔尼诺现象)—the warming of water in the Pacific Ocean—also adds to rising temperatures. During the later stages of an El Niño event, global temperatures usually rise, making global warming worse and causing more extreme weather. A 1℃ rise in temperature has a strong influence on nature. It makes coastal areas face flooding as sea levels rise over time. Warmer temperatures are also harmful to crops (庄稼). Studies also warn that a 1.58℃ rise could lead to the loss of over 10% of species (物种). Higher temperatures may increase crop production in some places for a short time.However, in the long term, farming will face bigger challenges because of unbalanced rainfall and heat. Water shortages caused by less rain could get worse, possibly influencing up to 1.7 billion people. Illnesses related to heat are becoming more common. Longer heatwaves raise health risks, showing the need for better healthcare and safety methods. To deal with these problems, experts suggest developing technology to reduce carbon emissions (碳排放) and planting more trees to absorb (吸收) CO₂. Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Rising Temperatures Causes 46 . (不超过8词) 47 (仅填1词) Cause coastal flooding and water shortages. 48 . (不超过5词) Make species disappear. Make people suffer from illnesses caused by heat. Solutions 49 . (不超过8词) What else can we do to deal with rising temperatures in our daily life? 50 (结合自身实际，不超过15词) 第二节 书面表达 （共1题，满分 15分） 近年来，我们身边发生了各种灾害。假如你是一名中学生，正参加英语写作大赛，请你根据以下内容写一篇英语短文，介绍在不同的灾害中保护自己的方法，同时提出预防措施。 注意事项： 1. 要点齐全，语句通顺，意思连贯，符合题意； 2. 词数80左右; 3. 文中不得使用真实的个人姓名或学校名称。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测（湖北省卷专用） Unit 5·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：90分） 一、完形填空（共 15小题，每小题 1分，满分 15分） 阅读短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Have you ever experienced anything really terrible that made you have scary dreams at night? One of the 1 experiences of mine was going through a storm. One morning when I was eight years old, the news on TV 2 that there was a storm that might soon move into our town. But my parents and I were not going to leave our house because we thought the 3 wouldn’t be too serious. Around 8:00 p.m., the wind 4 to blow. We could see the leaves 5 everywhere. About an hour later, it started to rain 6 . The branches (树枝) of the trees started to break off. I felt the wind pushing me back 7 I opened the door. At about 10:00 p.m., I tried to 8 but the wind kept making noises. Suddenly, my parents and I heard a 9 noise and knew that something bad happened. The storm broke a 10 into pieces and started to come in. After seeing this, we were so shocked that we couldn’t say a word. We kept 11 for a while and decided to do something. I got some rubbish bags to cover the TV and computer in our house. My parents pushed an old bed to block the window, but the wind kept blowing it down. So they found 12 to prop up (支撑) the bed. Luckily, the storm didn’t become worse again. The storm lasted 13 12 hours and stopped the next morning. When we went out, we saw the 14 trees everywhere. This storm experience made us 15 that storms are very dangerous. We should take them seriously and make full preparations before they come. 1．A．longest B．busiest C．happiest D．worst 2．A．pointed B．remembered C．reported D．shared 3．A．snow B．storm C．sunshine D．thunder 4．A．began B．meant C．continued D．planned 5．A．losing B．watering C．feeding D．flying 6．A．slowly B．hardly C．heavily D．lightly 7．A．now that B．as soon as C．even if D．so that 8．A．fall asleep B．wake up C．come back D．sit down 9．A．usual B．loud C．soft D．clear 10．A．table B．chair C．door D．window 11．A．brave B．curious C．still D．safe 12．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 13．A．in B．on C．for D．at 14．A．strong B．fallen C．fresh D．sick 15．A．realize B．wonder C．change D．imagine 二、阅读理解（共 20小题，每小题 2分，满分 40分） 第一节 （共 15小题，每小题 2分，满分 30分） 阅读三篇短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。 A 16．What is safe to use during a thunderstorm? A．Radios. B．Corded telephones. C．Computers. D．Mobile phones. 17．What should we do first during a thunderstorm? A．Find a safe shelter. B．Power off mobile phones. C．Protect ears from loud thunder. D．Stay away from metal objects. 18．Which of the following is the best shelter during a thunderstorm? A．A tall tree in an open field. B．A small tent on the grass. C．A closed-window car. D．A bus stop with a metal roof. 19．A family camping in an open area meets a thunderstorm. What should they do? A．Stand together under the tallest tree. B．Crouch low with their heels together. C．Keep their feet touching the ground. D．Stay out and lie down on the ground. 20．Where might we read this passage? A．On a weather website. B．In a travel magazine. C．In a sports newspaper. D．In a museum guidebook. B Fifteen people died and 28 were missing after flash floods hit Yuzhong County and nearby areas in Lanzhou, Gansu Province. CCTV reported this news, at 6 p.m. on Saturday, according to the local flood control office. Heavy rains from Thursday to Friday caused the disaster. The rain was very heavy. In some places, 220 millimeters (毫米) of rain fell in just 15 hours. That’s more than half of what the area gets in a whole year! The floods damaged many things: roads were washed out, power lines fell down, and some houses were destroyed. Over 30,000 people had to leave their homes. They couldn’t get clean water or electricity easily. Two important roads were badly hit: the S104 highway and Xinghuang Road. Nearly 40 kilometres of these roads were damaged. These roads are very useful. People use them to carry food and other goods, and to go from one place to another. Now that the roads are closed, it’s hard for workers to deliver (运送) aid to those in need. It’s also difficult for people to go out daily. But many people are working hard to help. By 6 p.m. on Friday, the provincial transport department (省交通部门) had sent more than 40 big machines, like diggers, and over 200 workers. They worked to fix the roads. So far, they have opened three parts of the S104 highway and four parts of Xinghuang Road again. Other workers are trying to fix the power and water. Many companies are giving help too, like sending tents and food. The rescue and repair work is still going on. Everyone hopes things will get better soon. 21．How much rain fell compared to the area’s usual yearly rain? A．Double the yearly rain. B．Over half of yearly rain. C．About 1/3 of yearly rain. D．Exactly half of yearly rain. 22．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．heavy rains B．the floods C．people D．power lines 23．What does the underlined word “diggers” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Tools cleaning water. B．Doctors saving people. C．Machines fixing roads. D．Helicopters (直升机) finding people. 24．What is the report mainly about? A．How many people were hurt. B．Why the heavy rain happened. C．Money lost from road damage. D．The flood’s harm and help given. 25．Why does the writer give numbers of machines and workers? A．To say help came too late. B．To compare different helpers. C．To explain why power went out. D．To show how hard people are working. C Why are your study habits different from those of your friends? Why do you seem to learn faster in some classes while more slowly in others? One reason you may not know is that people have different types (类型). Scientists say there are three different learning types: Visual (视觉型), Auditory (听觉型) and Kinesthetic (动觉型). Visual learners learn best by seeing. If you seem to easily remember information from pictures, graphs (图表) and videos, you are probably a visual learner. You’re not good at copying down what the teacher says in class. Never mind. You can draw graphs or pictures instead, if you find that works better for you. Auditory learners learn best by hearing. If you seem to easily remember things by hearing them, then you are probably an auditory learner. You must listen carefully while the teacher is speaking because it’s the easiest way for you to learn. Sometimes you may find that taking notes stops you from listening carefully. After class, you can write down what you remember or borrow your friend’s notes to copy. Kinesthetic learners learn best by doing. If you seem to learn best by working with your hands, you are probably a kinesthetic learner. Taking notes by writing can make you pay close attention to information as you receive it. Of course, you can learn best by making full use of labs or other class activities. Hope you learn better by knowing what your personal learning type is. 26．There are ________ different learning types according to the passage. A．two B．three C．four D．five 27．Jude can remember the words of a song quickly by listening to it once or twice. She might be a/an ________ according to the passage. A．auditory learner B．visual learner C．strange learner D．usual learner 28．Kinesthetic learners learn best by ________. A．remembering information from videos B．listening to teachers in class C．drawing graphs or pictures D．doing things with their hands 29．If you are a visual learner, which way helps you learn best? A．Listening to the teacher’s words carefully. B．Drawing graphs or pictures to remember information. C．Taking notes while the teacher is speaking. D．Doing hands-on activities in labs. 30．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to take good notes in class. B．Why people have different study habits. C．Three types of learning and how to learn best for each. D．The importance of listening carefully in class. 第二节 （共 5小题，每小题 2分，满分10分） 请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。 Typhoons are some of the worst storms, usually around the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea. Most happen in July, August and September. 31 When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates (蒸发) into the air. This makes the air hotter. When the air gets warm enough, it starts to move higher up into the sky. Then cooler air around it rushes in. It fills the space that is left. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. The wind goes in circles and it keeps moving higher in the sky. 32 And when the wind moves faster than 30 metres a second, a typhoon begins. A typhoon has two parts. One is called the “eye”. In the eye, the wind does not move so fast. 33 This is where the stronger winds and heaviest rain are. 34 In November 2013, Typhoon Haiyan killed around 6,000 people in the Philippines. More people were badly hurt and some others were missing. 35 * Stay inside. Close all the windows and stay away from them. * Try to bring all of your things inside. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes! * Listen to the radio or TV for important information. * If you’re told to go to a safer place, do it right away. A．What should we do when a typhoon hits? B．Typhoons are very dangerous. C．The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind moves. D．How does a typhoon happen? E．Typhoons often happen in the hot season. F．The other part is the wall of clouds around the eye. 三、选词填空（共 10小题，每小题 1分，满分 10分） 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一空，每词限用一次。 win，improve，instead，way，hard，share，heart，proud，spend，about Sometimes you might feel it impossible to get on well (相处) with your parents. But in fact, it isn’t as difficult as you think. Follow these ways, and then you’ll 36 your relationship with them. 37 more time with your parents. Your parents won’t always be around, so try to spend more time with them. This doesn’t mean just sitting in front of TV together. 38 , you should do more activities with your parents. By doing so, all of you will feel happy and relaxed. Talk with your parents more often. In order to understand them better, you should talk with them more often. Try to learn more about them. For example, you could ask them 39 their own childhood. In this 40 ,  you will understand them better. Always listen to your parents. This may seem simple, but it’s often 41 than you think. Look at your parents when they are talking. Don’t interrupt (打断) them, and then speak clearly when replying to them. 42 your feelings with your parents. Sometimes your parents also want to learn more about you. Just do your best to open your 43 to them. When possible, talk to them about something at school or what you really want to be in the future. Make your parents feel 44 There are always some ways to make your parents feel good about you. By working hard, you can do well at school or 45 prizes in games. They will think how lucky they are to have you and be more willing to talk about you in front of others. 四、读写综合（共两节，满分 25分） 第一节 任务型阅读 （共 5小题，每小题 2分，满分 10分） 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题，要求所写答案语法正确，语义完整且切题。 According to official records, the average temperature in 2024 is 1.03℃ higher than the usual average. Global warming is the main reason for China’s higher-than-normal temperatures. It has caused rising sea levels and more extreme (极端的) weather, including longer heatwaves and fewer cold days. The El Niño phenomenon (厄尔尼诺现象)—the warming of water in the Pacific Ocean—also adds to rising temperatures. During the later stages of an El Niño event, global temperatures usually rise, making global warming worse and causing more extreme weather. A 1℃ rise in temperature has a strong influence on nature. It makes coastal areas face flooding as sea levels rise over time. Warmer temperatures are also harmful to crops (庄稼). Studies also warn that a 1.58℃ rise could lead to the loss of over 10% of species (物种). Higher temperatures may increase crop production in some places for a short time.However, in the long term, farming will face bigger challenges because of unbalanced rainfall and heat. Water shortages caused by less rain could get worse, possibly influencing up to 1.7 billion people. Illnesses related to heat are becoming more common. Longer heatwaves raise health risks, showing the need for better healthcare and safety methods. To deal with these problems, experts suggest developing technology to reduce carbon emissions (碳排放) and planting more trees to absorb (吸收) CO₂. Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Rising Temperatures Causes 46 . (不超过8词) 47 (仅填1词) Cause coastal flooding and water shortages. 48 . (不超过5词) Make species disappear. Make people suffer from illnesses caused by heat. Solutions 49 . (不超过8词) What else can we do to deal with rising temperatures in our daily life? 50 (结合自身实际，不超过15词) 第二节 书面表达 （共1题，满分 15分） 近年来，我们身边发生了各种灾害。假如你是一名中学生，正参加英语写作大赛，请你根据以下内容写一篇英语短文，介绍在不同的灾害中保护自己的方法，同时提出预防措施。 注意事项： 1. 要点齐全，语句通顺，意思连贯，符合题意； 2. 词数80左右; 3. 文中不得使用真实的个人姓名或学校名称。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 14 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $