Unit 5 Nature's Temper（单元自测·湖南省卷专用）英语新教材人教版八年级下册

2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测（湖南省卷专用） Unit 5·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：100分） I．听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。（共5小题，计5分） 1．Where did the disaster happen? A．In the mountain. B．In the city. C．Along the coast. 1．C 【原文】M: Did you hear the news? The tsunami along the coast took away many people’s lives. W: No, dear. It’s so shocking! 2．Who was John with at the time of the wildfire? A．His brother. B．His dad. C．His neighbour. 2．B 【原文】W: Hey, John. What were you doing at the time of the wildfire? M: I was helping my dad wash his car. 3．What was Linda doing at nine last night? A．Watching TV. B．Reading books. C．Doing her homework. 3．C 【原文】M: What were you doing at nine last night, Linda? W: I was doing my homework. 4．What are the speakers talking about? A．An earthquake. B．A fire. C．A flood. 4．A 【原文】A: What’s up, Ling Ling? B: I’ll never forget the terrible experience. Yesterday afternoon, I was watching TV. Suddenly the light on the table fell over. Then my mother shouted, “An earthquake!” A: We ran out quickly. Our house fell down as soon as we were out. We were frightened but happy that neither of us was hurt. B: How lucky! 5．What was the man doing at the time of the rainstorm? A．He was reading. B．He was studying. C．He was waiting for the bus. 5．C 【原文】M: Were you reading at the time of the rainstorm? W: No, I wasn’t. I was waiting for the bus. 第二节 听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听材料，回答以下各小题。 6．What happened to Jane last night? A．She met a strange man. B．She saw a strange animal. C．She heard a strange noise. 7．How was the weather last night? A．Snowy. B．Windy. C．Rainy. 6．C 7．B 【原文】W: I heard a strange noise outside my house last night. M: Oh? It sounds scary. What happened, Jane? W: At first, I thought it might be an animal near the window. But when I went to look, I found nothing. M: It might be the wind. There was a strong wind last night. W: You are right. 听材料，回答以下各小题。 8．What are the speakers talking about? A．A rain. B．A sandstorm. C．A fire. 9．When did the woman watch the report? A．Yesterday morning. B．Last night. C．This morning. 10．What did the man advise to do to make their city greener? A．To plant more trees. B．Not to smoke in public. C．Not to throw rubbish everywhere. 8．B 9．C 10．A 【原文】M: A sandstorm is coming. Do you know? W: Yes. I watched the report on TV this morning. M: Why do the sandstorms come into being? W: People cut down too many trees. As a result, a lot of land changes into desert. M: We should plant more trees to make our city greener. W: Good idea! It’s our duty to make it more beautiful. 听材料，回答以下各小题。 11．What were the two speakers talking about? A．Earthquake. B．Typhoon (台风). C．Flood. 12．What was the boy doing when the earthquake happened? A．He was having a class. B．He was sleeping. C．He was watching TV. 13．Was the boy hurt in the earthquake? A．Yes, he was. B．No, he wasn’t. C．He was under the buildings. 11．A 12．C 13．B 【原文】W: Do you mind if I ask you some questions? M: Of course not. I’m glad to answer them. W: Do you remember the earthquake last year? M: Yes, I do. I can never forget it. W: What were you doing when the earthquake happened? M: I was watching TV with my parents at home. W: What did you do then? M: We ran out of the room quickly. W: What did you see? M: We saw a lot of buildings fell down and some people were under the buildings. W: Oh, how lucky you were! M: Yes, I was really lucky. 听材料，回答以下各小题。 14．What are they talking about? A．A flood. B．A storm. C．A fire. 15．Where does the event happen? A．At 409 Lincoln Drive. B．At 904 Lincoln Drive. C．At 940 Lincoln Drive. 16．Who will get to the fire place in 4 minutes? A．The rescue (救援) workers. B．The woman. C．The house keeper. 14．C 15．B 16．A 【原文】W: Fire department. Can I help you? M: Yes, I want to report a fire. W: Where are you, sir? M: I’m at 904 Lincoln Drive. I think there’s a fire in one of my neighbor’s houses. W: Can you see any flames? M: No, I can’t see flames yet. But there is smoke coming out of the back of the house. W: All right. We’ll get someone there right away. It will take about four minutes. M: OK. 听独白，回答小题。 17．What time did the Johnson family hear a loud noise? A．At 8 p.m. B．At 8 a.m. C．At noon. 18．What was found on the ground near Johnsons’ house? A．UFO on the ground. B．The police on the ground. C．A bird lying on the ground. 19．How long did it take the police to get to Johnsons’ house? A．Ten hours. B．Twenty minutes. C．Ten minutes. 20．How did Tony feel at the end of the story? A．Exciting. B．Sad. C．Not at all. 17．A 18．C 19．C 20．B 【详解】Many people say they have seen ufos. The Johnson family is one of them. The Johnson family heard a loud noise at eight P. M. Then they saw a bright light in the sky and something falling on the ground near their house. Tony, the little son of the family, was very excited and ran out to see what happened. However, he could see nothing but his dearest bird lying on the ground. Missus Johnson called the police at once. Ten minutes later, the police arrived, said. They said the bird hit the power line above the house and then died. No, there must be an alien. It killed my bird. Tony cried to the police. II．阅读（共三节，满分30分） 第一节 （共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A flood disaster Place: Changsheng Village Date: June 4th Weather: Sunny Cloudy Windy Rainy 8 am 11 am 1 pm 3 pm-12 amThe flood: ● The flood first appeared in the south of the village, and soon it covered the whole village. ● About 50 houses fell down and about 200 people lost their homes. ● 10 people died in the flood and about 15 people were missing. When the flood came: ● Mr. Smith was reading newspapers on the sofa. ● Mrs. Smith was washing clothes in the bathroom. ● Annie Smith was playing the piano while Eric Smith was doing homework.Action: ● Policemen arrived there on the second day by plane. ● People from other villages sent clothes, food and water to Changsheng Village. 21．How many people lost their lives in the flood? A．10. B．15. C．50. 22．We can’t find in the passage. A．the flood area B．the date of the flood C．when the flood disappeared 23．What can we learn from the passage? A．The flood first appeared in the north of the village. B．Mr. Smith has only one child. C．Many people from other places offered help. 21．A 22．C 23．C 【导语】本文介绍6月4日在长生村发生的一场洪水灾害。 21．细节理解题。根据文中“10 people died in the flood”可知，有10人因洪水死亡。故选A。 22．推理判断题。“Place: Changsheng Village”洪水发生的区域；“Date: June 4th”洪水发生的日期；“The flood first appeared in the south of the village, and soon it covered the whole village. About 50 houses fell down and about 200 people lost their homes. 10 people died in the flood and about 15 people were missing.”洪水带来的危害；可知，文中没有提到洪水什么时候消失。故选C。 23．推理判断题。根据文中“People from other villages sent clothes, food and water to Changsheng Village.”许多人从其他地方送来了衣物、食物和水；可知，外界援助众多。故选C。 B Many people like to go to the beach on holiday. But sometimes natural disasters (自然灾害) happen near the sea. They can do harm to people by the sea. What should you do if you experience a natural disaster happening near the sea? Here is some advice for you. If there’s a tsunami (海啸), you can notice the water moving away unusually far back from the beach. At this time, you should run to higher ground as fast as you can. It is not safe to stay near the beach or in low-lying areas. You should also keep away from buildings or trees because they could fall down in strong waves (浪). If you are near the sea and you experience a strong earthquake, you should move to the high ground as quickly as possible. This is because strong earthquakes can make tsunamis happen again. If a storm happens on the beach, you must be very careful. When the sky starts to get dark and the wind starts to blow, you need to leave the water quickly. Swimming or playing in the water during a storm is very dangerous. The waves can be big and strong. And they can pull you into the sea. Whether you live by the sea or go on holiday to it, you need to keep an eye on the weather and disaster warnings. It’s important for you to know how to prepare for possible disasters before they become disasters. 24．If there is a tsunami, people near the sea should ________. A．stay near the beach B．run to the high ground C．stay under a big tree 25．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Tsunamis. B．Winds. C．Waves. 26．What is the correct structure of the passage? A． B． C． 27．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To give people some safety advice B．To show some kinds of natural disasters C．To ask people to learn more about disaster warnings 24．B 25．C 26．B 27．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要针对在海边可能遭遇的自然灾害（海啸、强地震、风暴），提供了具体的安全建议和行动指南。 24．细节理解题。根据第2段“If there’s a tsunami...you should run to higher ground as fast as you can.”可知，发生海啸时，海边的人应跑向高地。故选B。 25．词句猜测题。根据第4段“The waves can be big and strong. And they can pull you into the sea.”可知，“they”指代前一句的主语“The waves”，即“海浪”。“they”在这里表示“海浪”的意思。故选C。 26．篇章结构题。分析文章结构：第1段引出主题（海边遇险怎么办）；第2段针对海啸给出建议；第3段针对强地震给出建议；第4段针对风暴给出建议；第5段总结（要关注预警并提前准备）。这是一个“总分总”的结构。故选B。 27．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要在提供应对不同海边自然灾害的具体安全建议。故选A。 C Climate change is the biggest threat (威胁) to our planet. As temperatures increase, the ice caps and glaciers (冰川) around the world are starting to melt (融化). This means that sea levels will rise. We are already seeing the results of climate change with an increase in extreme weather events such as hurricanes and wildfires and serious shortage of water. People all over the world are living in difficult conditions. But difficult conditions often inspire creative solutions. Every year the Philippines are hit by typhoons. These violent storms often kill hundreds of people and cause a lot of damage (破坏) to the islands. One company has built a special kind of house that can stand up to strong winds. The houses built in a dome (穹顶) shape and the curved surfaces are much better at surviving storms than traditional flat roofs and walls. They are also better at surviving earthquakes. Wildfires often cause a lot of damage in many places around the world. In 2015, bush fires burned down plants in South Australia. This made the land difficult to farm as strong winds blew the soil away. A farmer called Brian Fischer had a great idea. He ploughed (耕) the fields in spirals (螺旋形). This means that it doesn’t matter which way the wind blows because it can never blow away the soil. A lack of water is also a serious problem. In the Himalayas, water is difficult to find in spring. But the Ice Stupa project has thought of a clever solution. In winter, water is taken from the mountains through a pipe (管道) to the desert. The water comes out like a fountain (喷泉) and freezes into big towers of ice because it’s so cold. In spring, the ice melts and gives farmers the water they need for their land. 28．What does Paragraph 1 mainly focus on? A．What solution people come up with. B．What the topic of the passage is. C．How people change the climate. 29．What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A．Houses that are designed to stand up to strong winds. B．Violent storms that kill hundreds of people. C．The companies that built houses in a round shape. 30．新考向 细节组合 Which of the following extreme weather are mentioned in the passage? ①typhoons  ②heavy rain  ③hurricanes  ④wildfires  ⑤thunder A．①③④ B．①③⑤ C．②③④ 31．What is the writer’s main purpose? A．To remind people to save water. B．To find results of serious problems. C．To make people come up with smart ideas. 28．B 29．A 30．A 31．C 【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了气候变化给地球带来的威胁，以及世界各地人们针对不同气候问题所提出的创新解决方案。 28．主旨大意题。第一段开篇点明气候变化是地球最大的威胁，介绍了其带来的影响，并引出“困境往往能激发创新解决方案”的文章主题，因此本段主要聚焦于文章的主题是什么。故选B。 29．词句猜测题。根据前文“One company has built a special kind of house that can stand up to strong winds. The houses built in a dome shape and the curved surfaces are much better at surviving storms than traditional flat roofs and walls.”可知，这里的“They”指代的是这种被设计来抵御强风的圆顶形房屋。故选A。 30．细节理解题。根据“We are already seeing the results of climate change with an increase in extreme weather events such as hurricanes and wildfires”以及“Every year the Philippines are hit by typhoons”可知文章提到了台风、飓风和野火。故选A。 31．推理判断题。文章先阐述了气候变化带来的严峻问题，随后重点介绍了各地人们针对这些问题想出的创新解决方案，并传递出“困境激发创意”的理念，其主要目的是鼓励人们想出应对气候问题的聪明办法。故选C。 第二节 (共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分) 根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项是多余项。 Typhoons are some of the worst storms, usually around the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea. Most happen in July, August and September. 32 When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates (蒸发) into the air. This makes the air hotter. When the air gets warm enough, it starts to move higher up into the sky. Then cooler air around it rushes in. It fills the space that is left. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. The wind goes in circles (圆圈) and it keeps moving higher in the sky. 33 And when the wind moves faster than 30 metres a second, a typhoon begins. A typhoon has two parts. One is called the “eye”. In the eye, the wind does not move so fast. The other part is the wall of clouds around the eye. This is where the strongest winds and hardest rain are. 34 In November 2013, Typhoon Haiyan killed around 6,000 people in the Philippines. More people were badly hurt and some others were missing. 35 ·Stay inside. Close all the windows and stay away from them. ·Try to bring all of your things inside. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes! ·Listen to the radio or watch TV for important information. ·If you’re told to go to a safe place, do it right away. A．How does a typhoon happen? B．What should we do when a typhoon hits? C．Typhoons often happen in the hot months. D．Typhoons can be very dangerous sometimes. E．The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind moves. 32．A 33．E 34．D 35．B 【导语】本文介绍了台风的形成过程、结构特点以及台风来临时的安全应对措施。 32．第二段主要介绍台风是如何形成的，如“When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates into the air.”以及后文空气上升、冷空气进入并形成风等过程，因此这里需要一个问题来引出形成过程。“台风是如何形成的？”符合语境。 33．第二段提到“The wind goes in circles and it keeps moving higher in the sky.”并接着说“And when the wind moves faster than 30 metres a second, a typhoon begins.”说明空气越热，风移动得越快，从而形成台风。“空气越热，风移动得越快。”符合语境。 34．第四段提到“In November 2013, Typhoon Haiyan killed around 6,000 people in the Philippines.”说明台风会造成严重伤亡，因此这里需要一句话概括台风的危险性。“台风有时非常危险。”符合语境。 35．后文列举“Stay inside… Close all the windows… Listen to the radio…”等内容，都是台风来临时的应对措施，因此这里需要一句话引出建议。“当台风来临时我们应该做什么？”符合语境。 III．语言运用（共三节，满分35分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I am Jonas from China. Last year I met a terrible flood. It 36 raining in July and kept raining for almost a month. The level of water on the streets got 37 every day. We used boats instead of cars. We lost lots of things. Schools closed and farms were destroyed. We 38 food and clean water. In some places the water was higher than the buildings. I felt like we lived in a 39 world. Because of the flood, lots of hardness broke out. Some people died. The soil and other things made the water become very 40 . It was in summer, so the hot weather and dirty water made the air very bad. People got ill and hospitals didn’t have enough rooms for 41 . When the flood was over, I 42 my city. Everything was destroyed and lots of people were sick, but we were still very 43 , I think. We had to rebuild our city, take care of the 44 people, and help them out of the hospitals. I just hope that one day, people can 45 the natural disasters (灾难) effectively whenever they happen. In fact, people are very clever and disasters bring people closer together. 36．A．started B．finished C．wanted 37．A．less and less B．higher and higher C．dirtier and dirtier 38．A．spent B．lost C．bought 39．A．fire B．water C．tree 40．A．black B．fresh C．dirty 41．A．doctors B．nurses C．patients 42．A．looked into B．looked up C．looked around 43．A．strong B．weak C．clever 44．A．poor B．sick C．homeless 45．A．face B．continue C．help 36．A 37．B 38．B 39．B 40．C 41．C 42．C 43．A 44．B 45．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了去年家乡遭遇洪水的经历，描述了洪水带来的破坏、困难以及灾后人们坚强重建家园的故事，表达了希望人们能有效面对自然灾害的愿望。 36．句意：七月开始下雨，并且持续下了几乎一个月。 started开始；finished结束；wanted想要。根据上文“Last year I met a terrible flood.”以及“kept raining almost a month”可知，此处表示开始下雨。故选A。 37．句意：街道上的水位一天比一天高。 less and less越来越少；higher and higher越来越高；dirtier and dirtier越来越脏。根据上文“kept raining almost a month”以及“We used boats instead of cars.”可知，此处表示水位越来越高。故选B。 38．句意：我们失去了食物和干净的水。 spent花费；lost失去；bought买。根据上文“We lost lots of things. Schools closed and farms were destroyed.”可知，此处表示失去食物和干净的水。故选B。 39．句意：我感觉我们好像生活在水的世界里。 fire火；water水；tree树。根据上文“In some places the water was higher than the buildings.”可知，此处表示水的世界。故选B。 40．句意：泥土和其他东西让水变得非常脏。 black黑色的；fresh新鲜的；dirty脏的。根据上文“The soil and other things”以及下文“dirty water”可知，此处表示水变脏。故选C。 41．句意：人们生病了，医院没有足够的房间给病人。 doctors医生；nurses护士；patients病人。根据上文“People got ill”可知，此处表示医院没有足够的房间给病人。故选C。 42．句意：洪水结束后，我环顾我的城市。 looked into调查；looked up查阅；looked around环顾四周。根据下文“Everything was destroyed”可知，此处表示环顾城市。故选C。 43．句意：一切都被毁了，很多人病了，但我认为我们仍然非常坚强。 strong坚强的；weak虚弱的；clever聪明的。根据下文“We had to rebuild our city”可知，此处表示人们仍然坚强。故选A。 44．句意：我们必须重建我们的城市，照顾生病的人，帮助他们出院。 poor贫穷的；sick生病的；homeless无家可归的。根据上文“lots of people were sick”以及下文“help them out of the hospitals”可知，此处表示照顾生病的人。故选B。 45．句意：我只希望有一天，无论自然灾害何时发生，人们都能有效地面对它们。 face面对；continue继续；help帮助。根据下文“natural disasters”可知，此处表示面对自然灾害。故选A。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。 able   suddenly   she   eat   top   mile   but   useful   plan   supply Cindy is a 17-year-old teenager from the US. She is a skiing lover. On 3rd March, she went skiing in Maine. While she was 46 to go home, a heavy snowstorm hit the area. Cindy wasn’t 47 to see far. Before she knew it, she had lost her way. The girl was alone. She didn’t have any food, water, a phone or other 48 . She was getting colder and colder. Cindy didn’t know where she was. She tried her best to calm herself down. 49 , she thought of the survival shows she watched on television. It was time to use the lessons she had learned. She should find a place to keep 50 warm. The first thing she did was to build a small snow cave. Then she got many branches. She put them on 51 of the cave to stay warm. In the evening, Cindy was really hungry. She 52 some snow and drank water from a river. She slept in the cave with her arms and legs close to her body. The next day, Cindy went out to look for help, 53 she couldn’t find anybody. So she went back to her cave. Two days later, Cindy went out again. She walked for about a 54 when somebody found her. Finally, Cindy was saved. Cindy felt lucky to be a fan of the show Man vs Wild. She learned 55 lessons from it, which helped save her life. 46．planning 47．able 48．supplies 49．Suddenly 50．herself 51．top 52．ate 53．but 54．mile 55．useful 【导语】本文主要讲述了美国17岁滑雪爱好者辛迪在滑雪时遭遇暴风雪迷路，凭借从电视节目中学到的生存知识自救，最终获救的故事。 46．句意：正当她计划回家时，一场猛烈的暴风雪袭击了该地区。根据“While she was...to go home, a heavy snowstorm hit the area.”及备选词可知，此处是过去发生的事，用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were + 动词 - ing”；plan表示“计划”，planning表示正在计划。故填planning。 47．句意：辛迪无法看清远方。根据“ Cindy wasn’t...to see far.”及备选词可知，此处是常用搭配be able to do sth，表示“能够做某事”。故填able。 48．句意：她没有任何食物、水、手机或其他补给品。根据“She didn’t have any food, water, a phone or other”及备选词可知，此处指其他物资用品，supply“供给”为可数名词，other后接可数名词复数形式，故用supplies。故填supplies。 49．句意：突然，她想起了自己在电视上看过的生存节目。根据“...she thought of the survival shows she watched on television.”及备选词可知，此处是用副词修饰整个句子，suddenly表示“突然地”，符合语境，位于句首首字母大写。故填Suddenly。 50．句意：她需要找个地方让自己保持温暖。根据“She should find a place to keep...warm.”及备选词可知，此处需要用反身代词作宾语，与主语she指代的是同一个人，she的反身代词是herself，表示“她自己”。故填herself。 51．句意：她把它们（树枝）铺在洞穴的顶部来保暖。根据“Then she got many branches. She put them on...of the cave to stay warm.”及备选词可知，此处是说把树枝铺在洞穴的顶部，top表示“顶部”，符合语境。故填top。 52．句意：她吃了些雪，又从河里喝了点水。根据“She...some snow and drank water from a river.”及备选词可知，此处是说她吃了雪，eat表示“吃”，符合语境；and前后的动词时态需保持一致，drank是一般过去时，eat应用过去式ate。故填ate。 53．句意：第二天，辛迪出去寻求帮助，但是她没有找到任何人。根据“The next day, Cindy went out to look for help...she couldn’t find anybody.”及备选词可知，前后句为转折关系，but表示“但是”，符合语境。故填but。 54．句意：她走了大约一英里后，有人发现了她。根据“She walked for about a...when somebody found her.”及备选词可知，此处是说行走距离，mile表示“英里”，符合语境；前面有不定冠词a修饰，需用单数形式。故填mile。 55．句意：她从中学到了有用的经验，这些经验帮助她挽救了自己的生命。根据“Cindy felt lucky to be a fan of the show Man vs Wild. She learned...lessons from it, which helped save her life.”及备选词可知，此处用形容词修饰名词lessons，useful表示“有用的”，符合语境。故填useful。 第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 A storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying fourteen homes. Seven other houses were badly damaged and their owners had to leave them, and fifteen other houses had broken windows or broken roofs. The storm killed one person and made several persons get hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm. A farmer , Mr Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. “I was eating with my wife and children when we heard a loud noise,” he said. “A few minutes later, our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I noticed that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, safe but very scared.” Mrs Smith said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children. “There was no time to take anything,” she said. “A few minutes later, the roof came down.” It rained heavily. Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded area. The welfare department brought them some food, dry clothes and shelter. 56．How many people altogether were homeless after the storm? 57．How long did the storm last? 58．What was Mr Tan doing when he heard a loud noise? 59．As a student, what can you do to help the homeless people? Write 30 words or more. 60．将画线句翻译成中文。 56．Over two hundred people. 57．For over an hour. 58．Eating with his wife and children. 59．As a student, I can help the homeless in multiple ways: donating my pocket money, organizing charity events with classmates, and volunteering weekly to collect and distribute essential supplies. （开放性试题，言之有理即可）60. 没有时间带任何东西了。 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要描述了风暴袭击两个村庄的破坏事件。 56．根据“Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.”可知，风暴造成200多人无家可归。故填Over two hundred people. 57．根据第二段“lasted for over an hour”可知，风暴持续了一个多小时。故填For over an hour. 58．根据第三段“I was eating with my wife and children ...”可知，他正在与家人吃饭。故填Eating with his wife and children. 59．开放性问题，答案不唯一，合理即可。参考答案为As a student, I can help the homeless in multiple ways: donating my pocket money, organizing charity events with classmates, and volunteering weekly to collect and distribute essential supplies. 60. 没有时间带任何东西了 IV．写作（满分15分） 61． Daming 所在的城市昨天晚上遭遇了一场暴风雪。幸运的是，暴风雪持续的时间并不长，他们全家安然无恙。假如你是Daming，请描述暴风雪发生时家里人的活动情景。 内容要点: 1. 暴风雪的时间: yesterday evening 2. 暴风雪时全家人都在做什么: My mother was. . . 3. 暴风雪时的心情: scared. . . 4. 暴风雪的后果: all safe 5. 暴风雪后的思考: keep calm 要求: 1. 不得使用真实的姓名和学校名； 2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯； 3. 字迹 工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。80~100 词(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 My name is Daming. In my city, there was ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ My name is Daming. In my city, there was a snowstorm yesterday evening. My mother was cooking dinner in the kitchen when it started.My father was watching TV, and I was doing my homework in my room. Suddenly, the wind howled loudly, and the snow fell heavily. We were all scared because it was so loud.Luckily, the storm didn’t last long. After it ended, we checked everything and felt happy that we were all safe. Remember to stay indoors during bad weather. In order to keep ourselves safe, I think we should keep calm and call 110 for help. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：材料作文； ②时态：一般过去时； ③提示：根据要点描述暴风雪发生的时间、家人活动、心情、结果及思考，需补充细节使内容连贯。 [写作步骤] 第一步：用1-2句交代人物和暴风雪发生的时间； 第二步：按要点描述家人活动及心情，用并列结构连接； 第三步：说明结果并自然引出思考。 [亮点词汇] ①snowstorm 暴风雪 ②last long 持续很久 ③keep calm 保持冷静 [高分句型] ①We were all scared because it was so loud.（运用了原因状语从句） ②In order to keep ourselves safe, I think we should keep calm and call 110 for help.（运用了不定式作目的状语） 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测（湖南省卷专用） Unit 5·培优卷·参考答案 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分） I．听力（共两节，每小题1分，满分20分） 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．A 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．B 16．A 17．A 18．C 19．C 20．B II．阅读（共三节，每小题2分，满分30分） 21．A 22．C 23．C 24．B 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．B 29．A 30．A 31．C 32．A 33．E 34．D 35．B III．语言运用（共三节，满分35分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 36．A 37．B 38．B 39．B 40．C 41．C 42．C 43．A 44．B 45．A 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 46．planning 47．able 48．supplies 49．Suddenly 50．herself 51．top 52．ate 53．but 54．mile 55．useful 第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 56．Over two hundred people. 57．For over an hour. 58．Eating with his wife and children. 59．As a student, I can help the homeless in multiple ways: donating my pocket money, organizing charity events with classmates, and volunteering weekly to collect and distribute essential supplies. （开放性试题，言之有理即可）60. 没有时间带任何东西了。 IV．写作（满分15分） 61．例文 My name is Daming. In my city, there was a snowstorm yesterday evening. My mother was cooking dinner in the kitchen when it started.My father was watching TV, and I was doing my homework in my room. Suddenly, the wind howled loudly, and the snow fell heavily. We were all scared because it was so loud.Luckily, the storm didn’t last long. After it ended, we checked everything and felt happy that we were all safe. Remember to stay indoors during bad weather. In order to keep ourselves safe, I think we should keep calm and call 110 for help. 1 / 2 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测（湖南省卷专用） Unit 5·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：100分） I．听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。（共5小题，计5分） 1．Where did the disaster happen? A．In the mountain. B．In the city. C．Along the coast. 2．Who was John with at the time of the wildfire? A．His brother. B．His dad. C．His neighbour. 3．What was Linda doing at nine last night? A．Watching TV. B．Reading books. C．Doing her homework. 4．What are the speakers talking about? A．An earthquake. B．A fire. C．A flood. 5．What was the man doing at the time of the rainstorm? A．He was reading. B．He was studying. C．He was waiting for the bus. 第二节 听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听材料，回答以下各小题。 6．What happened to Jane last night? A．She met a strange man. B．She saw a strange animal. C．She heard a strange noise. 7．How was the weather last night? A．Snowy. B．Windy. C．Rainy. 听材料，回答以下各小题。 8．What are the speakers talking about? A．A rain. B．A sandstorm. C．A fire. 9．When did the woman watch the report? A．Yesterday morning. B．Last night. C．This morning. 10．What did the man advise to do to make their city greener? A．To plant more trees. B．Not to smoke in public. C．Not to throw rubbish everywhere. 听材料，回答以下各小题。 11．What were the two speakers talking about? A．Earthquake. B．Typhoon (台风). C．Flood. 12．What was the boy doing when the earthquake happened? A．He was having a class. B．He was sleeping. C．He was watching TV. 13．Was the boy hurt in the earthquake? A．Yes, he was. B．No, he wasn’t. C．He was under the buildings. 听材料，回答以下各小题。 14．What are they talking about? A．A flood. B．A storm. C．A fire. 15．Where does the event happen? A．At 409 Lincoln Drive. B．At 904 Lincoln Drive. C．At 940 Lincoln Drive. 16．Who will get to the fire place in 4 minutes? A．The rescue (救援) workers. B．The woman. C．The house keeper. 听独白，回答小题。 17．What time did the Johnson family hear a loud noise? A．At 8 p.m. B．At 8 a.m. C．At noon. 18．What was found on the ground near Johnsons’ house? A．UFO on the ground. B．The police on the ground. C．A bird lying on the ground. 19．How long did it take the police to get to Johnsons’ house? A．Ten hours. B．Twenty minutes. C．Ten minutes. 20．How did Tony feel at the end of the story? A．Exciting. B．Sad. C．Not at all. II．阅读（共三节，满分30分） 第一节 （共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A flood disaster Place: Changsheng Village Date: June 4th Weather: Sunny Cloudy Windy Rainy 8 am 11 am 1 pm 3 pm-12 amThe flood: ● The flood first appeared in the south of the village, and soon it covered the whole village. ● About 50 houses fell down and about 200 people lost their homes. ● 10 people died in the flood and about 15 people were missing. When the flood came: ● Mr. Smith was reading newspapers on the sofa. ● Mrs. Smith was washing clothes in the bathroom. ● Annie Smith was playing the piano while Eric Smith was doing homework.Action: ● Policemen arrived there on the second day by plane. ● People from other villages sent clothes, food and water to Changsheng Village. 21．How many people lost their lives in the flood? A．10. B．15. C．50. 22．We can’t find in the passage. A．the flood area B．the date of the flood C．when the flood disappeared 23．What can we learn from the passage? A．The flood first appeared in the north of the village. B．Mr. Smith has only one child. C．Many people from other places offered help. B Many people like to go to the beach on holiday. But sometimes natural disasters (自然灾害) happen near the sea. They can do harm to people by the sea. What should you do if you experience a natural disaster happening near the sea? Here is some advice for you. If there’s a tsunami (海啸), you can notice the water moving away unusually far back from the beach. At this time, you should run to higher ground as fast as you can. It is not safe to stay near the beach or in low-lying areas. You should also keep away from buildings or trees because they could fall down in strong waves (浪). If you are near the sea and you experience a strong earthquake, you should move to the high ground as quickly as possible. This is because strong earthquakes can make tsunamis happen again. If a storm happens on the beach, you must be very careful. When the sky starts to get dark and the wind starts to blow, you need to leave the water quickly. Swimming or playing in the water during a storm is very dangerous. The waves can be big and strong. And they can pull you into the sea. Whether you live by the sea or go on holiday to it, you need to keep an eye on the weather and disaster warnings. It’s important for you to know how to prepare for possible disasters before they become disasters. 24．If there is a tsunami, people near the sea should ________. A．stay near the beach B．run to the high ground C．stay under a big tree 25．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Tsunamis. B．Winds. C．Waves. 26．What is the correct structure of the passage? A． B． C． 27．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To give people some safety advice B．To show some kinds of natural disasters C．To ask people to learn more about disaster warnings C Climate change is the biggest threat (威胁) to our planet. As temperatures increase, the ice caps and glaciers (冰川) around the world are starting to melt (融化). This means that sea levels will rise. We are already seeing the results of climate change with an increase in extreme weather events such as hurricanes and wildfires and serious shortage of water. People all over the world are living in difficult conditions. But difficult conditions often inspire creative solutions. Every year the Philippines are hit by typhoons. These violent storms often kill hundreds of people and cause a lot of damage (破坏) to the islands. One company has built a special kind of house that can stand up to strong winds. The houses built in a dome (穹顶) shape and the curved surfaces are much better at surviving storms than traditional flat roofs and walls. They are also better at surviving earthquakes. Wildfires often cause a lot of damage in many places around the world. In 2015, bush fires burned down plants in South Australia. This made the land difficult to farm as strong winds blew the soil away. A farmer called Brian Fischer had a great idea. He ploughed (耕) the fields in spirals (螺旋形). This means that it doesn’t matter which way the wind blows because it can never blow away the soil. A lack of water is also a serious problem. In the Himalayas, water is difficult to find in spring. But the Ice Stupa project has thought of a clever solution. In winter, water is taken from the mountains through a pipe (管道) to the desert. The water comes out like a fountain (喷泉) and freezes into big towers of ice because it’s so cold. In spring, the ice melts and gives farmers the water they need for their land. 28．What does Paragraph 1 mainly focus on? A．What solution people come up with. B．What the topic of the passage is. C．How people change the climate. 29．What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A．Houses that are designed to stand up to strong winds. B．Violent storms that kill hundreds of people. C．The companies that built houses in a round shape. 30．新考向 细节组合 Which of the following extreme weather are mentioned in the passage? ①typhoons  ②heavy rain  ③hurricanes  ④wildfires  ⑤thunder A．①③④ B．①③⑤ C．②③④ 31．What is the writer’s main purpose? A．To remind people to save water. B．To find results of serious problems. C．To make people come up with smart ideas. 第二节 (共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分) 根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项是多余项。 Typhoons are some of the worst storms, usually around the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea. Most happen in July, August and September. 32 When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates (蒸发) into the air. This makes the air hotter. When the air gets warm enough, it starts to move higher up into the sky. Then cooler air around it rushes in. It fills the space that is left. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. The wind goes in circles (圆圈) and it keeps moving higher in the sky. 33 And when the wind moves faster than 30 metres a second, a typhoon begins. A typhoon has two parts. One is called the “eye”. In the eye, the wind does not move so fast. The other part is the wall of clouds around the eye. This is where the strongest winds and hardest rain are. 34 In November 2013, Typhoon Haiyan killed around 6,000 people in the Philippines. More people were badly hurt and some others were missing. 35 ·Stay inside. Close all the windows and stay away from them. ·Try to bring all of your things inside. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes! ·Listen to the radio or watch TV for important information. ·If you’re told to go to a safe place, do it right away. A．How does a typhoon happen? B．What should we do when a typhoon hits? C．Typhoons often happen in the hot months. D．Typhoons can be very dangerous sometimes. E．The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind moves. III．语言运用（共三节，满分35分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I am Jonas from China. Last year I met a terrible flood. It 36 raining in July and kept raining for almost a month. The level of water on the streets got 37 every day. We used boats instead of cars. We lost lots of things. Schools closed and farms were destroyed. We 38 food and clean water. In some places the water was higher than the buildings. I felt like we lived in a 39 world. Because of the flood, lots of hardness broke out. Some people died. The soil and other things made the water become very 40 . It was in summer, so the hot weather and dirty water made the air very bad. People got ill and hospitals didn’t have enough rooms for 41 . When the flood was over, I 42 my city. Everything was destroyed and lots of people were sick, but we were still very 43 , I think. We had to rebuild our city, take care of the 44 people, and help them out of the hospitals. I just hope that one day, people can 45 the natural disasters (灾难) effectively whenever they happen. In fact, people are very clever and disasters bring people closer together. 36．A．started B．finished C．wanted 37．A．less and less B．higher and higher C．dirtier and dirtier 38．A．spent B．lost C．bought 39．A．fire B．water C．tree 40．A．black B．fresh C．dirty 41．A．doctors B．nurses C．patients 42．A．looked into B．looked up C．looked around 43．A．strong B．weak C．clever 44．A．poor B．sick C．homeless 45．A．face B．continue C．help 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。 able   suddenly   she   eat   top   mile   but   useful   plan   supply Cindy is a 17-year-old teenager from the US. She is a skiing lover. On 3rd March, she went skiing in Maine. While she was 46 to go home, a heavy snowstorm hit the area. Cindy wasn’t 47 to see far. Before she knew it, she had lost her way. The girl was alone. She didn’t have any food, water, a phone or other 48 . She was getting colder and colder. Cindy didn’t know where she was. She tried her best to calm herself down. 49 , she thought of the survival shows she watched on television. It was time to use the lessons she had learned. She should find a place to keep 50 warm. The first thing she did was to build a small snow cave. Then she got many branches. She put them on 51 of the cave to stay warm. In the evening, Cindy was really hungry. She 52 some snow and drank water from a river. She slept in the cave with her arms and legs close to her body. The next day, Cindy went out to look for help, 53 she couldn’t find anybody. So she went back to her cave. Two days later, Cindy went out again. She walked for about a 54 when somebody found her. Finally, Cindy was saved. Cindy felt lucky to be a fan of the show Man vs Wild. She learned 55 lessons from it, which helped save her life. 第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 A storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying fourteen homes. Seven other houses were badly damaged and their owners had to leave them, and fifteen other houses had broken windows or broken roofs. The storm killed one person and made several persons get hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm. A farmer , Mr Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. “I was eating with my wife and children when we heard a loud noise,” he said. “A few minutes later, our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I noticed that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, safe but very scared.” Mrs Smith said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children. “There was no time to take anything,” she said. “A few minutes later, the roof came down.” It rained heavily. Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded area. The welfare department brought them some food, dry clothes and shelter. 56．How many people altogether were homeless after the storm? 57．How long did the storm last? 58．What was Mr Tan doing when he heard a loud noise? 59．As a student, what can you do to help the homeless people? Write 30 words or more. 60．将画线句翻译成中文。 IV．写作（满分15分） 61． Daming 所在的城市昨天晚上遭遇了一场暴风雪。幸运的是，暴风雪持续的时间并不长，他们全家安然无恙。假如你是Daming，请描述暴风雪发生时家里人的活动情景。 内容要点: 1. 暴风雪的时间: yesterday evening 2. 暴风雪时全家人都在做什么: My mother was. . . 3. 暴风雪时的心情: scared. . . 4. 暴风雪的后果: all safe 5. 暴风雪后的思考: keep calm 要求: 1. 不得使用真实的姓名和学校名； 2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯； 3. 字迹 工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。80~100 词(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 My name is Daming. In my city, there was ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共10页） 试题 第4页（共10页） 试题 第1页（共10页） 试题 第2页（共10页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测（湖南省卷专用） Unit 5·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：100分） I．听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。（共5小题，计5分） 1．Where did the disaster happen? A．In the mountain. B．In the city. C．Along the coast. 2．Who was John with at the time of the wildfire? A．His brother. B．His dad. C．His neighbour. 3．What was Linda doing at nine last night? A．Watching TV. B．Reading books. C．Doing her homework. 4．What are the speakers talking about? A．An earthquake. B．A fire. C．A flood. 5．What was the man doing at the time of the rainstorm? A．He was reading. B．He was studying. C．He was waiting for the bus. 第二节 听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听材料，回答以下各小题。 6．What happened to Jane last night? A．She met a strange man. B．She saw a strange animal. C．She heard a strange noise. 7．How was the weather last night? A．Snowy. B．Windy. C．Rainy. 听材料，回答以下各小题。 8．What are the speakers talking about? A．A rain. B．A sandstorm. C．A fire. 9．When did the woman watch the report? A．Yesterday morning. B．Last night. C．This morning. 10．What did the man advise to do to make their city greener? A．To plant more trees. B．Not to smoke in public. C．Not to throw rubbish everywhere. 听材料，回答以下各小题。 11．What were the two speakers talking about? A．Earthquake. B．Typhoon (台风). C．Flood. 12．What was the boy doing when the earthquake happened? A．He was having a class. B．He was sleeping. C．He was watching TV. 13．Was the boy hurt in the earthquake? A．Yes, he was. B．No, he wasn’t. C．He was under the buildings. 听材料，回答以下各小题。 14．What are they talking about? A．A flood. B．A storm. C．A fire. 15．Where does the event happen? A．At 409 Lincoln Drive. B．At 904 Lincoln Drive. C．At 940 Lincoln Drive. 16．Who will get to the fire place in 4 minutes? A．The rescue (救援) workers. B．The woman. C．The house keeper. 听独白，回答小题。 17．What time did the Johnson family hear a loud noise? A．At 8 p.m. B．At 8 a.m. C．At noon. 18．What was found on the ground near Johnsons’ house? A．UFO on the ground. B．The police on the ground. C．A bird lying on the ground. 19．How long did it take the police to get to Johnsons’ house? A．Ten hours. B．Twenty minutes. C．Ten minutes. 20．How did Tony feel at the end of the story? A．Exciting. B．Sad. C．Not at all. II．阅读（共三节，满分30分） 第一节 （共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A flood disaster Place: Changsheng Village Date: June 4th Weather: Sunny Cloudy Windy Rainy 8 am 11 am 1 pm 3 pm-12 amThe flood: ● The flood first appeared in the south of the village, and soon it covered the whole village. ● About 50 houses fell down and about 200 people lost their homes. ● 10 people died in the flood and about 15 people were missing. When the flood came: ● Mr. Smith was reading newspapers on the sofa. ● Mrs. Smith was washing clothes in the bathroom. ● Annie Smith was playing the piano while Eric Smith was doing homework.Action: ● Policemen arrived there on the second day by plane. ● People from other villages sent clothes, food and water to Changsheng Village. 21．How many people lost their lives in the flood? A．10. B．15. C．50. 22．We can’t find in the passage. A．the flood area B．the date of the flood C．when the flood disappeared 23．What can we learn from the passage? A．The flood first appeared in the north of the village. B．Mr. Smith has only one child. C．Many people from other places offered help. B Many people like to go to the beach on holiday. But sometimes natural disasters (自然灾害) happen near the sea. They can do harm to people by the sea. What should you do if you experience a natural disaster happening near the sea? Here is some advice for you. If there’s a tsunami (海啸), you can notice the water moving away unusually far back from the beach. At this time, you should run to higher ground as fast as you can. It is not safe to stay near the beach or in low-lying areas. You should also keep away from buildings or trees because they could fall down in strong waves (浪). If you are near the sea and you experience a strong earthquake, you should move to the high ground as quickly as possible. This is because strong earthquakes can make tsunamis happen again. If a storm happens on the beach, you must be very careful. When the sky starts to get dark and the wind starts to blow, you need to leave the water quickly. Swimming or playing in the water during a storm is very dangerous. The waves can be big and strong. And they can pull you into the sea. Whether you live by the sea or go on holiday to it, you need to keep an eye on the weather and disaster warnings. It’s important for you to know how to prepare for possible disasters before they become disasters. 24．If there is a tsunami, people near the sea should ________. A．stay near the beach B．run to the high ground C．stay under a big tree 25．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Tsunamis. B．Winds. C．Waves. 26．What is the correct structure of the passage? A． B． C． 27．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To give people some safety advice B．To show some kinds of natural disasters C．To ask people to learn more about disaster warnings C Climate change is the biggest threat (威胁) to our planet. As temperatures increase, the ice caps and glaciers (冰川) around the world are starting to melt (融化). This means that sea levels will rise. We are already seeing the results of climate change with an increase in extreme weather events such as hurricanes and wildfires and serious shortage of water. People all over the world are living in difficult conditions. But difficult conditions often inspire creative solutions. Every year the Philippines are hit by typhoons. These violent storms often kill hundreds of people and cause a lot of damage (破坏) to the islands. One company has built a special kind of house that can stand up to strong winds. The houses built in a dome (穹顶) shape and the curved surfaces are much better at surviving storms than traditional flat roofs and walls. They are also better at surviving earthquakes. Wildfires often cause a lot of damage in many places around the world. In 2015, bush fires burned down plants in South Australia. This made the land difficult to farm as strong winds blew the soil away. A farmer called Brian Fischer had a great idea. He ploughed (耕) the fields in spirals (螺旋形). This means that it doesn’t matter which way the wind blows because it can never blow away the soil. A lack of water is also a serious problem. In the Himalayas, water is difficult to find in spring. But the Ice Stupa project has thought of a clever solution. In winter, water is taken from the mountains through a pipe (管道) to the desert. The water comes out like a fountain (喷泉) and freezes into big towers of ice because it’s so cold. In spring, the ice melts and gives farmers the water they need for their land. 28．What does Paragraph 1 mainly focus on? A．What solution people come up with. B．What the topic of the passage is. C．How people change the climate. 29．What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A．Houses that are designed to stand up to strong winds. B．Violent storms that kill hundreds of people. C．The companies that built houses in a round shape. 30．新考向 细节组合 Which of the following extreme weather are mentioned in the passage? ①typhoons  ②heavy rain  ③hurricanes  ④wildfires  ⑤thunder A．①③④ B．①③⑤ C．②③④ 31．What is the writer’s main purpose? A．To remind people to save water. B．To find results of serious problems. C．To make people come up with smart ideas. 第二节 (共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分) 根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项是多余项。 Typhoons are some of the worst storms, usually around the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea. Most happen in July, August and September. 32 When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates (蒸发) into the air. This makes the air hotter. When the air gets warm enough, it starts to move higher up into the sky. Then cooler air around it rushes in. It fills the space that is left. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. The wind goes in circles (圆圈) and it keeps moving higher in the sky. 33 And when the wind moves faster than 30 metres a second, a typhoon begins. A typhoon has two parts. One is called the “eye”. In the eye, the wind does not move so fast. The other part is the wall of clouds around the eye. This is where the strongest winds and hardest rain are. 34 In November 2013, Typhoon Haiyan killed around 6,000 people in the Philippines. More people were badly hurt and some others were missing. 35 ·Stay inside. Close all the windows and stay away from them. ·Try to bring all of your things inside. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes! ·Listen to the radio or watch TV for important information. ·If you’re told to go to a safe place, do it right away. A．How does a typhoon happen? B．What should we do when a typhoon hits? C．Typhoons often happen in the hot months. D．Typhoons can be very dangerous sometimes. E．The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind moves. III．语言运用（共三节，满分35分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I am Jonas from China. Last year I met a terrible flood. It 36 raining in July and kept raining for almost a month. The level of water on the streets got 37 every day. We used boats instead of cars. We lost lots of things. Schools closed and farms were destroyed. We 38 food and clean water. In some places the water was higher than the buildings. I felt like we lived in a 39 world. Because of the flood, lots of hardness broke out. Some people died. The soil and other things made the water become very 40 . It was in summer, so the hot weather and dirty water made the air very bad. People got ill and hospitals didn’t have enough rooms for 41 . When the flood was over, I 42 my city. Everything was destroyed and lots of people were sick, but we were still very 43 , I think. We had to rebuild our city, take care of the 44 people, and help them out of the hospitals. I just hope that one day, people can 45 the natural disasters (灾难) effectively whenever they happen. In fact, people are very clever and disasters bring people closer together. 36．A．started B．finished C．wanted 37．A．less and less B．higher and higher C．dirtier and dirtier 38．A．spent B．lost C．bought 39．A．fire B．water C．tree 40．A．black B．fresh C．dirty 41．A．doctors B．nurses C．patients 42．A．looked into B．looked up C．looked around 43．A．strong B．weak C．clever 44．A．poor B．sick C．homeless 45．A．face B．continue C．help 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。 able   suddenly   she   eat   top   mile   but   useful   plan   supply Cindy is a 17-year-old teenager from the US. She is a skiing lover. On 3rd March, she went skiing in Maine. While she was 46 to go home, a heavy snowstorm hit the area. Cindy wasn’t 47 to see far. Before she knew it, she had lost her way. The girl was alone. She didn’t have any food, water, a phone or other 48 . She was getting colder and colder. Cindy didn’t know where she was. She tried her best to calm herself down. 49 , she thought of the survival shows she watched on television. It was time to use the lessons she had learned. She should find a place to keep 50 warm. The first thing she did was to build a small snow cave. Then she got many branches. She put them on 51 of the cave to stay warm. In the evening, Cindy was really hungry. She 52 some snow and drank water from a river. She slept in the cave with her arms and legs close to her body. The next day, Cindy went out to look for help, 53 she couldn’t find anybody. So she went back to her cave. Two days later, Cindy went out again. She walked for about a 54 when somebody found her. Finally, Cindy was saved. Cindy felt lucky to be a fan of the show Man vs Wild. She learned 55 lessons from it, which helped save her life. 第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 A storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying fourteen homes. Seven other houses were badly damaged and their owners had to leave them, and fifteen other houses had broken windows or broken roofs. The storm killed one person and made several persons get hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm. A farmer , Mr Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. “I was eating with my wife and children when we heard a loud noise,” he said. “A few minutes later, our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I noticed that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, safe but very scared.” Mrs Smith said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children. “There was no time to take anything,” she said. “A few minutes later, the roof came down.” It rained heavily. Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded area. The welfare department brought them some food, dry clothes and shelter. 56．How many people altogether were homeless after the storm? 57．How long did the storm last? 58．What was Mr Tan doing when he heard a loud noise? 59．As a student, what can you do to help the homeless people? Write 30 words or more. 60．将画线句翻译成中文。 IV．写作（满分15分） 61． Daming 所在的城市昨天晚上遭遇了一场暴风雪。幸运的是，暴风雪持续的时间并不长，他们全家安然无恙。假如你是Daming，请描述暴风雪发生时家里人的活动情景。 内容要点: 1. 暴风雪的时间: yesterday evening 2. 暴风雪时全家人都在做什么: My mother was. . . 3. 暴风雪时的心情: scared. . . 4. 暴风雪的后果: all safe 5. 暴风雪后的思考: keep calm 要求: 1. 不得使用真实的姓名和学校名； 2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯； 3. 字迹 工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。80~100 词(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 My name is Daming. In my city, there was ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $听力考试正式开始。Did you hear the news? The tsunami along the coast took away many people's lives. No, dear, it's so shocking. Did you hear the news? But tsa, I along the coast took away many people's lives. No, dear, it's so shocking. Listen to the next question. Hey, john, what were you doing at the time of the wild fire? I was helping my dad wash his car. Hey, john, what were you doing at the time of the wildfire? I was helping my dad wash his car. Listen to the next question. What were you doing at nine last night? Linda. I was doing my homework. What were you doing at nine last night? Linda, I was doing my homework. Listen to the next . question. What's. i'll never forget the terrible experience. Yesterday afternoon, I was watching T. V. Suddenly the light on the table fell over. Then my mother showed on earthquake. We ran out quickly. Our house fell down. As soon as we were out, we were frightened, but happy that neither . of us was hurt. How lucky. What's up lining? I'll never forget the terrible experience. Yesterday afternoon, I was watching T. V. Suddenly the light on the table fell over. Then my mother shouted on earthquake. We ran out quickly. Our house fell down as soon as we were old. We were frightened, but happy that neither . of us was hurt. How lucky. Listen to the next question. Were you reading at the time of . the rainstorm? No, I wasn't. I was waiting for the bus. Were you reading at the time of . the rainstorm? No, I wasn't. I was waiting for the bus. Listen to the next question. I heard a strange noise outside my house last night. Oh, IT sounds scary. What happened, jane? At first I thought I might be an animal near the window, but when I went to look, I found nothing . IT might be the wind. There was a strong wind last night. You're right. I heard a strange noise outside . my house last night. Oh, IT sounds scary. What happened, jane? At first I thought I might be an animal near the window, but when I went to look, I found nothing . IT might be the wind. There was a strong wind last night. You are right. Listen to the next question. A sandstorm is coming. Do you know? Yes, I watched the report on TV this morning. Why do the sandstorms come into being? People cut down too many trees. As a result, a lot of land changes into desert. We should plant more trees to make our city Greener. Good idea. It's our duty to make IT more beautiful. A sandstorm is coming. Do you know? I watched the report on T. V this morning. Why do the sandstorms come into being? People cut down too many trees. As a result, a lot of land changes into desert. We should plant more trees to make our . city Greener. Good idea. It's our duty to make IT more beautiful. Listen to the next question. Do you mind if I ask you some questions? Of course not. I'm glad to answer them. Do you remember the earthquake last year? Yes, I do. I can never forget IT. What were you doing when the earthquake happened? I was watching T. V. With my parents at home. What did you do then? We ran out of the room quickly. What did you see? We saw a lot of buildings fell down, and some people were under the buildings. Oh, how lucky you were. Yes, I was really lucky. Do you mind if I ask you some . questions? Of course not. I'm glad to answer them. Do you remember the earthquake . last year? Yes, I do. I can never forget what were . you doing when the earthquake happened? I was watching T, V. With my parents at home. what did you do then? We ran out of the room quickly. What did you see? We saw a lot of buildings fell down, and some people were under the buildings. Oh, how lucky you were. Yes, I was really lucky. Listen to the next question. Fire department, can I help you? Yes, I want to report a fire. Where are you. sir? I met nine zero four link and drive. I think there's a fire in one of my neighbor's houses. Can you see any flames? No. I can't see flames yet, but there is smoke coming out of the back of the house. All right, we'll get someone there right away. IT will take about . four minutes. Okay. fire department, can I help you? Yes, I want to report a fire. Where are you, sir? I met nine zero four linking drive. I think there's a fire in one of my neighbor's houses. Can you see any flames? No, I can't see flames yet, but there is smoke coming out of the back of the house. All right, we'll get someone there right away. I will take about . four minutes. okay? Listen to the next question. Many people say they have seen uf. The Johnson family is one of them. The Johnson family heard a loud noise at eight P. M. Then they saw a bright light in the sky and something falling on the ground near their house. Tony, the little son of the family, was very excited and ran out to see what happened. However, he could see nothing but his geri's bird lying on the ground. mrs. Johnson called the police at once. Ten minutes later, the police arrived. They said the bird hit the power line above the house and then died. No, there must be an alien IT killed my bird. Tony cried to the police. Many people say they have seen U. F. S. The Johnson family is one of them. The Johnson family heard a loud noise at eight P. M. Then they saw a bright light in the sky and something falling on the ground near their house. Tony, the little son of the family, was very excited and ran out to see what happened. However, he could see nothing but his dealest bird lying on the ground. mrs. Johnson called the police at once. Ten minutes later, the police arrived. They said the bird hit the power line above the house and then died. No, there must be an alien. He killed my bird. Tony cried to the police. 听力部分到此结束。