精品解析：普通高中2025-2026学年(下)高二年级期中考试英语试题

普通高中2025-2026学年（下）高二年级期中考试 英语 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To hand in an essay. B. To borrow a computer. C. To ask for her brother. 2. What will the speakers probably do tomorrow? A. Go for a hike. B. Go ice skating. C. Visit an exhibition. 3. How will the man probably get to the station? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By subway. 4. What is the man dissatisfied with? A. The steak. B. The salad. C. The soup. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A convenient lifestyle. B. A new device. C. A daily habit. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where did the woman work last year? A. In a bookstore. B. In a cafe. C. In a university. 7. Why does the woman want to work at the bookstore? A. To enjoy a quieter environment. B. To earn more money than before. C. To practice customer service skills. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What problem does the woman face? A. No suitable place. B. No available band. C. No enough funds. 9. What will the man do later? A. Text the woman. B. Call the club. C. Clean the dormitory. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Professor and student. B. Classmates. C. Boss and secretary. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is Emily’s main purpose for the trip? A. To see wildlife. B. To visit locals. C. To protect the environment. 12. Where did Mark stay during his trip? A. In a hotel. B. In a village. C. In a tent. 13. Why does Mark suggest booking quickly? A. The price is rising. B. The space is limited. C. The dry season is ending. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does the woman originally want to buy? A. A mobile phone. B. Gardening tools. C. Rose seeds. 15. How did Grandpa feel about video calling last time? A. Upset. B. Curious. C. Excited. 16. What does Grandpa spend a lot of time doing every day? A. Watching TV. B. Making gardening tools. C. Working in his garden. 17. When will the speakers go shopping? A. This Sunday. B. Next month. C. Next Saturday. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What problem can too much screen time cause according to the speech? A. Physical pain. B. Sleeping trouble. C. Poor eyesight. 19. What is the main idea of a digital detox? A. Going for long walks. B. Buying new printed books. C. Staying away from screens. 20. What is the speech intended for? A. Parents. B. Teachers. C. Researchers. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A LugLess: The Easiest Way to Ship Luggage (行李) Are you tired of carrying heavy bags to the airport? LugLess has built a luggage shipping platform that is easy and cheap for everyone. We find you the lowest rates and let you choose the options you need, so you only pay for what you use. What can I ship? You can ship luggage, golf equipment, skis, or boxes. If you don’t carry your bags to the airport, you’ll never worry about packing too much again. We make it easy to send golf equipment to the course or boxes to your school. Digital shipping labels No printer? No problem. Ship with just your phone! You’ll always have the most convenient option for a nearby drop-off at more than 10,000 locations nationwide without printing anything. Contactless travel Shipping luggage ahead is the fastest and safest way through the airport. You can save time, minimize interactions at check-in, and avoid crowded places like the baggage area. How much does it cost? Pricing starts at around $15 per bag. It is mainly decided by three factors: Size: What are the weight and size of your luggage? Speed: How fast do you need it shipped? Distance: How far is the luggage going? (Note: If your bag is over the maximum size, an extra charge of up to $2,000 per bag will apply. If you change your delivery address after shipping, you need to pay an extra $30 per bag.) How does it work? Book: We’ll find the cheapest rate and send a label to your phone. Ship: Bring bags to a nearby location. Or, pay for a pickup. Relax: Head to the airport with just the essentials. Arrive: Your luggage safely arrives at your final destination. 1. What is an advantage of using LugLess? A. You travel without heavy bags. B. You print labels for free. C. You get free new golf equipment. D. You pick up deliveries faster. 2. Which factor fails to affect the basic shipping price? A. The size of the bag. B. The time of the booking. C. The distance of the trip. D. The speed of the delivery. 3. How much extra is needed if you change the address after shipping? A. $15 per bag. B. $30 per bag. C. $45 per bag. D. $2,000 per bag. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了LugLess行李托运平台的服务内容、优势、价格及操作流程。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Are you tired of carrying heavy bags to the airport? LugLess has built a luggage shipping platform that is easy and cheap for everyone.(你是否厌倦了携带沉重的行李去机场？LugLess建立了一个行李托运平台，对每个人来说都简单又便宜。)”以及What can I ship?部分中“If you don’t carry your bags to the airport, you’ll never worry about packing too much again.(如果你不把行李带到机场，你就再也不用担心行李装得太多了。)”可知，使用LugLess的优势是旅行时不用携带沉重的行李。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据How much does it cost?部分中“Pricing starts at around $15 per bag. It is mainly decided by three factors: Size: What are the weight and size of your luggage? Speed: How fast do you need it shipped? Distance: How far is the luggage going?(价格从每件15美元左右开始。它主要由三个因素决定：尺寸：你的行李的重量和尺寸是多少？速度：你需要多快把它运走？距离：行李要走多远？)”可知，预订时间不影响基本运费。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据How much does it cost?部分中“(Note: If your bag is over the maximum size, an extra charge of up to $2,000 per bag will apply. If you change your delivery address after shipping, you need to pay an extra $30 per bag.)(注意：如果你的行李超过最大尺寸，每件行李将额外收取高达2000美元的费用。如果你在发货后更改送货地址，每件行李需要额外支付30美元。)”可知，如果你在发货后更改地址，每件行李需要额外支付30美元。 B Every winter in Brussels, students gather at the École Van der Kelen. Founded in 1892 and run by the same family, it is a painting school unlike any other. The rules here are strict. Students must arrive by 9 a.m. and work in silence. They cannot bring phones or cameras, and they must wear white coats. They also need to stand the cold, as the studio is poorly heated by an old stove (火炉). If students can tolerate these rules for the six-month course, they will master special skills. The school is most famous for trompe l’oeil, a painting style that means “cheat the eye”. Artists use tricks of light and shadow to create 3D illusions (幻觉) on two-dimensional settings. At the school, students learn to paint copies of 28 types of wood and 33 types of marble (大理石), or even a perfect sky. The school was very popular in the past, but in the 21st century, it faced huge challenges. As this painting style fell out of fashion, student numbers dropped sharply. Fortunately, the Scottish painter Lucy McKenzie helped save it. After discovering the school in a book in 2007, she signed up. She later used its techniques to create amazing large-scale paintings, which attracted a steady stream of new students from across the world. Many of them, like modern designers and architects, come here because they are tired of working on computers all day. These people come to have a break and experience a completely new way of living. Today, 52-year-old Sylvie oversees the school with the help of her 82-year-old mother, Denise. They believe their work is vital to preserving these traditional techniques, many of which are not taught anywhere else. As for the future, Sylvie’s 10-year-old son, Hilaire, often plays in the studio. While he is still unsure about his future, his grandmother is confident that he will eventually take over the family business. 4. What is a strict rule for the students at the École Van der Kelen? A. To wear black clothes. B. To arrive before 8 a.m. C. To work without speaking. D. To bring their own cameras. 5. What is the main feature of trompe l’oeil painting? A. Copying old history books. B. Using 28 types of real wood. C. Painting with modern computers. D. Producing 3D effects on flat surfaces. 6. Why do some designers choose to attend this school today? A. To buy large-scale paintings. B. To design modern architecture. C. To meet the painter Lucy McKenzie. D. To break free from routine and live anew. 7. What does Denise believe Hilaire will do in the future? A. He will close the school. B. He will become an architect. C. He will run the family business. D. He will move out of Brussels. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了布鲁塞尔一所独特的绘画学校Ecole Van der Kelen，及其传统技法trompe l’oeil的传承与复兴。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Students must arrive by 9 a.m. and work in silence.(学生必须在上午9点前到达，并保持安静工作。)”可知，学生在工作时需保持安静。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Artists use tricks of light and shadow to create 3D illusions (幻觉) on two-dimensional settings.(艺术家们利用光影技巧，在二维场景中营造出3D视觉幻觉。)”可知，trompe l’oeil技法的主要特点是在平面上产生3D效果。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Many of them, like modern designers and architects, come here because they are tired of working on computers all day. These people come to have a break and experience a completely new way of living.(他们中的许多人，和现代设计师、建筑师一样，来到这里是因为厌倦了整日对着电脑工作。这些人前来休整身心，体验一种全新的生活方式。)”可知，设计师们因厌倦整天面对电脑的日常工作，希望休息一下并体验全新的生活方式。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“While he is still unsure about his future, his grandmother is confident that he will eventually take over the family business.(尽管他对自己的未来尚无明确规划，但他的祖母坚信，他终将接手家族生意。)”可知，Denise相信Hilaire最终会接管家族生意。 C Today, artificial intelligence (AI) tools show both great power and clear weakness. On the one hand, modern systems such as large language models can answer difficult questions about science or history in fluent and confident language. They often sound like experts and can provide quick help in daily study and work. However, these systems are not always reliable. Sometimes they give wrong information or even create facts that do not exist. This problem is often called “hallucination”. For example, when asked for book references, AI may produce titles or authors that are completely made up. Such mistakes can mislead users who trust the answers too easily. Another problem is that AI can be guided to give harmful or inappropriate responses. In some cases, users can design special questions to trick the system into saying something offensive or dangerous. This happens partly because AI is designed to be helpful. It tries to give an answer to every question, even when it should refuse. As a result, it may provide advice that is not safe. To address the risks posed by AI, developers have carried out a series of regulatory mechanisms termed “guardrails”. These mechanisms represent formal restrictions and procedural guidelines designed to block and prohibit the formulation of malicious (恶意的) questions as well as the generation of harmful outputs. Despite these protective measures, they are not completely effective. Experienced users can still discover methods to get around these limitations by using indirect expressions or fictional situations. One important method to improve AI is to train it with human feedback. In this process, people judge whether AI’s answers are correct and appropriate. Their opinions help guide the system to produce better responses. Another method is to study how AI behaves within the system and try to guide it toward positive behavior. Although progress is being made, AI is still not fully reliable. It is a complex tool that must be used carefully. In the future, more research is needed to make AI both useful and safe for everyone. 8. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By discussing the risks of AI use. B. By giving an example of AI mistakes. C. By presenting a contrast about AI abilities. D. By explaining how AI systems are trained. 9. Why can AI give harmful answers? A. It lacks enough data. B. It works without rules. C. It ignores user instructions. D. It tries to respond to every question. 10. What does the underlined word “guardrails” in paragraph 4 probably refer to? A. Tools increasing AI speed. B. People monitoring AI systems. C. Physical devices controlling AI. D. Rules limiting harmful AI behavior. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. The Strengths and Risks of AI B. The Causes and Results of AI C. The History and Future of AI D. The Methods and Steps of AI 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了人工智能工具展现出的优势与存在的缺陷，分析了其产生有害回答的原因、相关管控措施及改进方法，并指出人工智能仍需谨慎使用、持续完善。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Today, artificial intelligence (AI) tools show both great power and clear weakness. On the one hand, modern systems such as large language models can answer difficult questions about science or history in fluent and confident language. They often sound like experts and can provide quick help in daily study and work.(如今，人工智能工具既展现出强大能力，也存在明显缺陷。一方面，大型语言模型等现代系统能够用流畅自信的语言解答科学或历史方面的难题。它们常听上去如同专家，能在日常学习和工作中提供快速帮助。)”可知，作者通过对比人工智能的能力表现引出话题。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“This happens partly because AI is designed to be helpful. It tries to give an answer to every question, even when it should refuse. As a result, it may provide advice that is not safe.(出现这种情况的部分原因是人工智能的设计初衷是提供帮助。它会尽力回答每一个问题，即便本该拒绝作答，最终可能给出不安全的建议。)”可知，人工智能给出有害答案的原因是它试图回应每一个问题。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“To address the risks posed by AI, developers have carried out a series of regulatory mechanisms termed “guardrails”. These mechanisms represent formal restrictions and procedural guidelines designed to block and prohibit the formulation of malicious (恶意的) questions as well as the generation of harmful outputs.(为应对人工智能带来的风险，开发者实施了一系列名为“guardrails”的管控机制。这些机制是正式的限制规定和流程准则，旨在拦截、禁止恶意问题的提出及有害输出内容的生成。)”可知，“guardrails”指限制人工智能有害行为的规则。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Today, artificial intelligence (AI) tools show both great power and clear weakness.(如今，人工智能工具既展现出强大能力，也存在明显缺陷。)”及最后一段“Although progress is being made, AI is still not fully reliable. It is a complex tool that must be used carefully. In the future, more research is needed to make AI both useful and safe for everyone.(尽管相关研究已取得进展，但人工智能仍未完全可靠。它是一种需要谨慎使用的复杂工具。未来仍需开展更多研究，让人工智能兼顾实用性与安全性，造福所有人。)”可知，全文围绕人工智能的优势与风险展开介绍，A选项“The Strengths and Risks of AI(人工智能的优势与风险)”最能概括文章大意。 D I am not a green-fingered person. I once managed to kill a cactus (仙人掌), so I am qualified to sit in a garden but not to care for it. David George Haskell, on the other hand, clearly knows his flowers. His latest book, How Flowers Made Our World, argues that our cultural conception of flowers is entirely wrong. In many Western societies, flowers are seen as “weak and merely decorative”. In fact, says Haskell, “flowers are world changers.” When flowering plants developed, they completely transformed ecosystems. Rainforests, honeybees, and even our own species depend on flowers for survival. Haskell devotes most of his book to the biology of flowers and their importance. He begins with the magnolia (木兰花), which offers an insight of early flowering plants. He moves on to orchids (兰花), which show how flowers form relationships with other species, and seagrass, which creates shelters for wildlife. In the second half of the book, Haskell focuses on humanity’s relationship with flowering plants. He points out that all our major crops like wheat are flowering plants. Without them, we could never feed the global population. There are times when Haskell overdoes it. He gives an account of the world before flowers as a boring one with little color. Still, he is right to stress the vital importance of flowering plants and the need to conserve their diversity. My one real complaint with the book is that there is no overall story. Haskell has collected a series of loosely linked essays. Readers should not expect to be pulled through by an absorbing story. Instead, they are encouraged to enjoy his poetic language. The book also contains vivid illustrations that help explain the flowers. However, what truly sets this book apart is its deep research and rich ideas — these are where it shines, with much to recommend it. 12. Which of the following can best describe the author’s gardening skills? A. Expert. B. Incompetent. C. Informed. D. Average. 13. What is Haskell’s central argument in his book? A. Flowers are delicate and weak. B. Flowers are a direct source of food. C. Flowers are merely decorative. D. Flowers are world-changing beings. 14. What does the author consider the book’s greatest strength? A. Its deep insight. B. Its absorbing story. C. Its poetic language. D. Its lifelike illustrations. 15. What is the main purpose of this text? A. To explain a method. B. To review a book. C. To introduce a discovery. D. To make an appeal. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了David George Haskell的著作《花朵如何塑造我们的世界》，介绍了书中的核心观点、内容结构，并对这本书的优缺点进行了评价。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“I am not a green-fingered person. I once managed to kill a cactus (仙人掌), so I am qualified to sit in a garden but not to care for it.(我不是擅长园艺的人。我曾经连仙人掌都养死过，所以我只配坐在花园里，却不配打理它。)”可知，作者非常不擅长养植物，园艺技能极差。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In fact, says Haskell, ‘flowers are world changers.’(事实上，Haskell称：‘花朵是改变世界的事物。’)”可知，Haskell在书中的核心观点是花朵能够改变世界。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“However, what truly sets this book apart is its deep research and rich ideas — these are where it shines, with much to recommend it.(然而，真正让这本书脱颖而出的是其深入的研究与丰富的观点——这正是它的亮点，极具推荐价值。)”可知，作者认为这本书最大的优点是深刻的见解。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“His latest book, How Flowers Made Our World, argues that our cultural conception of flowers is entirely wrong.(他的新作《花朵如何塑造我们的世界》指出，我们对花朵的固有文化认知存在根本性偏差。)”以及最后一段“However, what truly sets this book apart is its deep research and rich ideas — these are where it shines, with much to recommend it.(然而，真正让这本书脱颖而出的是其深入的研究与丰富的观点——这正是它的亮点，极具推荐价值。)”可知，全文围绕Haskell的新书展开，旨在评述推荐这本书，是一篇书评。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When was the last time you told a small lie? Maybe you said a cheap shirt cost even less than it did, or you made an expensive meal sound more costly, just to shock people. ____16____ However, what cannot be ignored is that they can add up. Too many harmless lies can cause disbelief and weaken trust. Relationship expert Jessica Alderson explains that lying is often a survival mechanism. People lie to protect their reputation, keep social bonds, or encourage others, especially children. However, even a small lie can destroy trust and damage our integrity. ____17____ Prosocial (亲社会的) lies aim to protect someone’s feelings — for example, telling a friend their haircut looks nice when you know they are insecure about it. These can be acceptable in certain situations. Self-serving lies, however, are told for personal gain, often at the expense of others. Communication expert Christopher Richards believes all lies should be avoided. ____18____ When people frequently exaggerate (夸张), others may begin to doubt their credibility. Telling lies also affects our bodies. ____19____ Our brains work harder to keep the story straight, which can disturb sleep, lead to anxiety, and harm decision-making. Over time, this extra stress can harm our health. ____20____ Practice telling the truth in certain situations, like admitting what something really cost. If you feel the urge to lie, ask yourself what you are afraid of. Understanding the root cause makes it easier to choose honesty. While the truth may hurt momentarily, it spares us from the ongoing stress of keeping lies alive. A. Lies fall into two types. B. These little lies may seem harmless. C. To become more honest, experts suggest starting small. D. Even well-intentioned lies can lead to doubt when overused. E. The more you lie, the easier it becomes to lose sight of true love. F. White lies may be harmful, but they are told out of people’s kindness. G. Research shows that lying demands much more energy than truth-telling. 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了谎言的不同类型、产生的负面影响以及如何培养诚实的品质。 【16题详解】 由上文“Maybe you said a cheap shirt cost even less than it did, or you made an expensive meal sound more costly, just to shock people.(也许你会说一件便宜的衬衫比实际价格更便宜，或者把一顿昂贵的饭菜说得更贵，只是为了让别人感到惊讶。)”以及下文“However, what cannot be ignored is that they can add up. Too many harmless lies can cause disbelief and weaken trust.(然而，不可忽视的是，这些谎言会累积起来。过多无伤大雅的谎言会引发猜忌并削弱信任。)”可知，本空要对上文的小谎言进行评价，B选项“These little lies may seem harmless.(这些小谎言看似毫无害处。)”能承上启下，符合题意。 【17题详解】 由下文“Prosocial (亲社会的) lies aim to protect someone’s feelings — for example, telling a friend their haircut looks nice when you know they are insecure about it. These can be acceptable in certain situations. Self-serving lies, however, are told for personal gain, often at the expense of others.(亲社会谎言旨在顾及他人感受——例如，明明知道朋友对自己的发型没有信心，却仍夸赞对方发型好看。这类谎言在某些情况下是可以被接受的。然而，利己谎言则是为谋取个人利益而编造的，往往会损害他人的利益。)”可知，本段主要对谎言进行分类介绍，A选项“Lies fall into two types.(谎言分为两种类型。)”能概括本段内容，符合题意。 【18题详解】 由上文“Communication expert Christopher Richards believes all lies should be avoided.(沟通专家Christopher Richards认为所有谎言都应避免。)”以及下文“When people frequently exaggerate (夸张), others may begin to doubt their credibility.(当人们频繁夸张其词时，他人可能会开始质疑其可信度。)”可知，本空要承接上文，说明即便是善意的谎言使用过多也会带来负面影响，D选项“Even well-intentioned lies can lead to doubt when overused.(即便是善意的谎言，过度使用也会引发猜忌。)”能承上启下，符合题意。 【19题详解】 由上文“Telling lies also affects our bodies.(说谎也会影响我们的身体。)”以及下文“Our brains work harder to keep the story straight, which can disturb sleep, lead to anxiety, and harm decision-making.(我们的大脑需要更费力地维持谎言逻辑，这会扰乱睡眠、引发焦虑并损害决策能力。)”可知，本空要说明说谎对身体产生影响的具体表现，G选项“Research shows that lying demands much more energy than truth-telling.(研究表明，说谎比说真话需要消耗更多精力。)”能承上启下，符合题意。 【20题详解】 由下文“Practice telling the truth in certain situations, like admitting what something really cost. If you feel the urge to lie, ask yourself what you are afraid of.(在特定场景练习说真话，比如如实承认物品的真实价格。当你产生说谎的冲动时，问问自己在害怕什么。)”可知，本段主要介绍培养诚实品质的具体做法，C选项“To become more honest, experts suggest starting small.(想要变得更诚实，专家建议从小事做起。)”能概括本段内容，符合题意。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I still remember my first flight, in 2002. It was magical. Working as a tour guide in Myanmar, I met a British balloon pilot who ____21____ to take me up. I don’t usually enjoy flying in planes, but this was ____22____. Floating gently with the wind, it was ____23____ and picturesque. I fell in love with ballooning ____24____. Growing up in Germany, I once thought I’d become a doctor. But a backpacking trip through China after high school ____25____ a passion for travel. After university, I led hiking trips across Asia and the UK. It was ____26____ work, but I loved every moment. That first balloon trip gave me a real ____27____ for what else life could offer. I started to get a real feel for flying, and soon I was ____28____ every day to become a pilot myself. It’s a special profession, so I was proud to become the UK’s first female hot-air balloon flight examiner. In 2010, I ____29____ the Women’s Balloon Event and ran it myself for the whole decade to encourage women and girls to ____30____ aviation (航空业). For over 17 years, I’ve piloted commercial balloon flights in 124 countries, and though it’s not an official Guinness record, it’s ____31____ in the international ballooning community. I’m now ____32____ a long expedition (探险) around Africa next year, hoping to reach 150 countries. I’ve ____33____ fixed-wing planes, and even helicopter lessons, but nothing ____34____ to ballooning. You don’t need special skills — just an adventurous spirit, and a deep ____35____ for the skies. 21. A. offered B. refused C. hesitated D. prepared 22. A. familiar B. ordinary C. different D. strange 23. A. frightening B. peaceful C. rough D. tense 24. A. unwillingly B. patiently C. unfortunately D. instantly 25. A. inspired B. expressed C. followed D. displayed 26. A. remarkable B. meaningful C. annoying D. hard 27. A. worry B. appreciation C. complaint D. excuse 28. A. training B. applying C. pretending D. begging 29. A. discovered B. founded C. joined D. visited 30. A. give out B. put off C. take up D. turn around 31. A. ignored B. criticized C. recognized D. announced 32. A. completing B. planning C. reminding D. conducting 33. A. invented B. rejected C. described D. tried 34. A. compares B. contributes C. sticks D. admits 35. A. understanding B. regret C. sympathy D. love 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了作者2002年第一次乘坐热气球的难忘经历，介绍了自己从热爱旅行到立志成为热气球飞行员的职业转变，以及多年来在全球多国开展热气球飞行、推动女性参与航空事业的经历。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：在缅甸担任导游时，我遇到一位英国热气球飞行员，他主动提出带我升空。A. offered主动提出；B. refused拒绝；C. hesitated犹豫；D. prepared准备。根据下文“I don’t usually enjoy flying in planes, but this was ”可知，作者成功乘坐了热气球，由此可知飞行员主动提出带作者飞行。 【22题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我通常不喜欢坐飞机，但这次截然不同。A. familiar熟悉的；B. ordinary普通的；C. different不同的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文“I don’t usually enjoy flying in planes”和下文“I fell in love with ballooning”可知，作者不喜欢坐飞机，却爱上了热气球飞行，说明此次体验和以往坐飞机的感受完全不同。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：随风缓缓漂浮，氛围宁静又风景如画。A. frightening令人恐惧的；B. peaceful平静的；C. rough粗糙的；D. tense紧张的。根据上文“Floating gently with the wind”可知，热气球随风缓慢漂浮，飞行状态舒缓宁静。 【24题详解】 考查副词。句意：我立刻就爱上了热气球飞行。A. unwillingly不情愿地；B. patiently耐心地；C. unfortunately不幸地；D. instantly立刻。根据上文“Floating gently with the wind, it was and picturesque”可知，这次热气球飞行体验十分美好，作者当即就爱上了这项活动。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：但高中毕业后的一次中国背包旅行激发了我对旅行的热爱。A. inspired激发；B. expressed表达；C. followed跟随；D. displayed展示。根据上文“Growing up in Germany, I once thought I’d become a doctor. But...After university, I led hiking trips across Asia and the UK.”可知，作者原本认为自己会成为一名医生，大学毕业后又从事徒步带队工作，由此可知这次背包旅行唤起了作者对旅行的热情。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这份工作很辛苦，但我热爱其中的每一刻。A. remarkable卓越的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. annoying令人恼怒的；D. hard辛苦的。根据下文“but I loved every moment”可知，前后语义存在转折，可知这份工作并不轻松。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：第一次热气球旅行让我真切意识到生活还能有其他可能。A. worry担忧；B. appreciation认识，理解；C. complaint抱怨；D. excuse借口。根据下文“soon I was every day to become a pilot myself”可知，这次经历让作者萌生了当飞行员的想法，领悟到了生活的其他选择。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：我开始真切感受飞行，很快便每天训练，立志成为一名飞行员。A. training训练；B. applying申请；C. pretending假装；D. begging乞求。根据下文“to become a pilot”可知，作者通过日常训练来实现目标。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：2010年，我创办了女子热气球赛事，并亲自运营了整整十年旨在鼓励女性和女孩投身航空业。A. discovered发现；B. founded创办；C. joined加入；D. visited参观。根据下文“ran it myself for the whole decade”可知，作者亲自运营该赛事长达十年，说明这项赛事由作者创立。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：2010年，我创办了女子热气球赛事，并亲自运营了整整十年旨在鼓励女性和女孩投身航空业。A. give out分发；B. put off推迟；C. take up开始从事；D. turn around转身。根据上文“In 2010, I the Women’s Balloon Event...to encourage women and girls”可知，作者创办女子热气球赛事，目的是鼓励女性参与航空相关事业。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：17年来，我已在124个国家驾驶商业热气球完成飞行；尽管这并非官方吉尼斯纪录，但在国际热气球界得到了公认。A. ignored忽视；B. criticized批评；C. recognized认可；D. announced宣布。根据上文“though it’s not an official Guinness record”可知，前后语义存在转折，说明虽无官方认证，但在行业内得到承认。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：我目前正计划明年开启一场环绕非洲的长途探险，希望能抵达150个国家。A. completing完成；B. planning计划；C. reminding提醒；D. conducting实施。根据下文“next year”可知，此次非洲探险尚未开展，还处于筹备规划阶段。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：我尝试过固定翼飞机，甚至学习过直升机课程，但没有任何事物能比得上热气球飞行。A. invented发明；B. rejected拒绝；C. described描述；D. tried尝试。根据下文“but nothing to ballooning”可知，作者将其他飞行方式与热气球飞行进行对比，说明作者体验过多种飞行方式。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：我尝试过固定翼飞机，甚至学习过直升机课程，但没有任何事物能比得上热气球飞行。A. compares比得上；B. contributes贡献；C. sticks粘贴；D. admits承认。根据上文“I’ve fixed-wing planes, and even helicopter lessons”和转折词but可知，其他飞行方式都无法和热气球飞行媲美。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：你无需特殊技能——只需一颗冒险之心，以及对天空深深的热爱。A. understanding理解；B. regret遗憾；C. sympathy同情；D. love热爱。根据上文“I fell in love with ballooning”以及“get a real feel for flying”可知，作者坚持的核心源于对天空的喜爱。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A new generation of Chinese influencers is gaining fame. They travel to places ____36____ traditional culture is still practiced, filming performances, customs, and artworks. Many of these influencers refer to cultural objects and traditions ____37____ a bridge between past and present. Shi Haifeng, known online as “Nanxiang doesn’t like to eat”, creates videos about lacquerware (漆器). He spent weeks with local craftsmen learning to craft plates, collected sap (树液) from trees, ____38____ polished his own creations. Similarly, Liu Yaqing, or “Jiang Xunqian”, often ____39____ (film) traditional clothing and rolling lanterns in her daily life, including detailed guides that attract millions of viewers. Their work demonstrates the value and ____40____ (popular) of cultural heritage in modern media. Both Shi and Liu started as food vloggers but later shifted to cultural content, inspiring audiences and preserving traditions. Their videos often include historical background, practical ____41____ (entry) for viewers, and explanations of why these arts matter. The creators have been recognized by the Chinese government and are praised ____42____ (public) for their contributions. The influencers’ storytelling connects past and present: for instance, Shi links mother-of-pearl crafts to China’s space program. Audiences enjoy the combination of spectacle (奇观), history, and education, seeing it as ____43____ form of national pride. These videos, ____44____ (celebrate) by both viewers and officials, highlight that cultural heritage is alive, ____45____ (offer) a unique experience that connects tradition with modern life. 【答案】36. where 37. as 38. and 39. films 40. popularity 41. entries 42. publicly 43. a 44. celebrated 45. offering 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍新生代网红以短视频传播传统文化，借助新媒体活化文化遗产，搭建起传统与现代沟通的桥梁。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他们前往依然留存传统文化习俗的地方，拍摄民俗表演、风土习俗以及艺术作品。此处引导定语从句，先行词为地点名词places，从句缺少地点状语，用关系副词where。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：许多这类网红将文物与传统文化视作衔接过去与现代的桥梁。此处为固定搭配refer to...as...，意为“把……看作……”，所以此处使用介词as。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：他花费数周时间跟随当地手艺人学习制作漆盘，收集树木树液，并且打磨自己的作品。此处三个连续的并列动作，为顺承关系，用并列连词and连接。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：同样，刘雅卿平日里经常拍摄传统服饰与走马灯，还制作详细科普内容，吸引了数百万观众。句子陈述客观常态，用一般现在时，主语为单数人名，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式films。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们的作品展现出文化遗产在现代媒体中的价值与普及度。空格与名词value并列，需填入名词，popular的名词形式为popularity意为“普及”。 【41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：他们的视频往往包含历史背景、实用参考内容，以及阐释这些传统技艺重要性的解说。entry为可数名词，此处表泛指多条实用内容，用复数形式entries。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些创作者得到了中国官方的认可，并且因其贡献受到公开的称赞。此处修饰动词are praised，需用副词，public的副词形式为publicly意为“公开地”符合句意。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：观众喜欢这种集景观、历史与教育为一体的内容，并将其视为一种民族自豪感的体现。form为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以使用冠词，结合句意，此处表泛指一种形式，form的首字母为辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些受到观众和官方共同赞誉的视频，彰显出文化遗产富有生命力。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，videos与celebrate为被动关系，用过去分词celebrated。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些受到观众和官方共同赞誉的视频，彰显出文化遗产富有生命力，提供了一种联结传统与现代生活的独特体验。此处为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语these videos与offer为主动关系，用现在分词offering作状语。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，最近你们班英语课将举行一场主题为“高中生要不要统一穿校服？”的讨论，请你写一篇英语短文表达自己的观点，内容包括： 1.你的观点； 2.你的理由。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Should High School Students Wear Uniforms? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】【参考范文】 Should High School Students Wear Uniforms? Regarding whether high school students should wear uniforms, I hold the firm view that high school students should wear uniforms. Firstly, uniforms help create a sense of equality. When everyone wears the same clothes, there is less pressure to follow fashion trends or show off expensive brands. This reduces comparison and jealousy among students. Secondly, school uniforms build school spirit and a sense of belonging. They remind us that we are part of a community with shared values. Of course, some may say uniforms limit personal expression, but students can still show their personality through hobbies, words and actions. Therefore, I strongly support school uniforms in high school. 【解析】 【导语】题目要求考生针对“高中生要不要统一穿校服”这一主题阐述个人观点并给出理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 坚定的：firm → resolute 趋势：trend → tendency 昂贵的：expensive→ costly 嫉妒：jealousy → envy 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Of course, some may say uniforms limit personal expression, but students can still show their personality through hobbies, words and actions. 拓展句：Although some may say that uniforms limit personal expression, students can still show their personality through hobbies, words and actions. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Regarding whether high school students should wear uniforms, I hold the firm view that high school students should wear uniforms. (运用了whether引导的宾语从句、that引导的同位语从句) 【高分句型2】They remind us that we are part of a community with shared values. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My dad was a master planner and an adventurer at heart. Growing up as the youngest of five boys, I viewed him as unbeatable; there was no barrier too big and no problem he couldn’t solve. He and Mom loved the outdoors, leading us on full-day drives into the mountains to chase breathtaking views. Dad always believed that the true joy of any trip wasn’t just arriving at the final stop, but the shared laughs and breathtaking sights experienced along the way. During the spring break when I was 16, he announced an exciting new plan: we were taking our van (面包车) to La Barge Box Canyon in the Superstition Mountains. Instead of a traditional hike, we were going to drive along a dry riverbed to explore the canyon (峡谷) floor. We eagerly loaded the van with food and blankets, excited for the hidden beauty Dad always managed to find. The morning dawned bright and sunny. Towering green mountains, reaching heights above 6,000 feet, filled the van’s windows. Dad turned off the highway, directing past fallen rocks until he found a rough passageway down into the canyon. “Here we go!” he shouted, turning sharply onto the dry riverbed. The van bumped (颠簸) and kicked up dust as we turned sharply around massive rocks. My brothers and I cheered from the back seat, laughing as we bumped along the rough road. Eventually, the expansive canyon floor opened up around us, its walls reaching dramatically toward the clear sky. It felt like a hidden world meant just for our family. We all got out and were amazed at the rock formations, enjoying the peaceful moment and each other’s company. But just as we laid out our picnic, dark clouds blocked out the sun. A misty rain rapidly transformed into a desert downpour, forcing us to rush back into the van. Looking out the window, the ground soon turned muddy and messy. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The rain eventually stopped, but our van was stuck in the mud. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Although we were saved by a jeep, I felt a bit upset about the early return. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】【参考范文】 The rain eventually stopped, but our van was stuck in the mud. Dad tried everything, rocking the van back and forth, placing stones under the wheels, and even pushing with all his strength. But the wheels only sank deeper. The sky remained gray, and a cold wind swept through the canyon. My brothers and I hurried inside, our earlier excitement replaced by worry. Dad, however, didn’t lose his calm. “We’ll get out,” he said firmly. He pulled out the emergency kit and flagged down a passing jeep. The driver, a kind stranger, attached a rope and pulled us free. We thanked him warmly, and Dad promised to pay it forward someday. Although we were saved by a jeep, I felt a bit upset about the early return. I had looked forward to exploring the canyon floor, and our adventure was cut short. Seeing my disappointment, Dad put an arm around my shoulder. “The best part of a trip,” he said, “isn’t always the destination. It’s the memories we make — even getting stuck in the mud.” Looking back, I realized he was right. That day taught me that problems can be solved with patience and kindness, and that a great adventure is measured not by how far we go, but by whom we share it with. 【解析】 【导语】本文以父亲计划的峡谷探险为线索展开，讲述了十六岁春假时，作者一家跟随父亲驾车前往峡谷探险，一路风景绝美、一家人满心欢喜，正当准备野餐时，暴雨突至，地面变得泥泞，之后车辆被困、意外遇险的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写父亲尝试各种办法脱困却失败，一家人陷入担忧，最终好心路人驾驶吉普车出手救援。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写作者因探险中断而失落，父亲温柔开导，作者领悟旅行与冒险的真正意义。 2. 续写线索：车辆陷泥→奋力自救→路人救援→遗憾失落→父亲开导→感悟成长 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①奋力尝试：try everything/try every means/make great efforts ②挥手拦下：flag down/wave down/signal to stop 情绪类 ①坚定地：firmly/determinedly/resolutely ②感谢某人：thank sb/show gratitude to sb/express thanks to sb 【点睛】[高分句型 1] Dad tried everything, rocking the van back and forth, placing stones under the wheels, and even pushing with all his strength. (运用了并列的现在分词短语rocking... placing ... and even pushing...作伴随状语) [高分句型 2] That day taught me that problems can be solved with patience and kindness, and that a great adventure is measured not by how far we go, but by whom we share it with. (运用了that引导宾语从句，how far引导宾语从句和whom引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 普通高中2025-2026学年（下）高二年级期中考试 英语 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To hand in an essay. B. To borrow a computer. C. To ask for her brother. 2. What will the speakers probably do tomorrow? A. Go for a hike. B. Go ice skating. C. Visit an exhibition. 3. How will the man probably get to the station? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By subway. 4. What is the man dissatisfied with? A. The steak. B. The salad. C. The soup. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A convenient lifestyle. B. A new device. C. A daily habit. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where did the woman work last year? A. In a bookstore. B. In a cafe. C. In a university. 7. Why does the woman want to work at the bookstore? A. To enjoy a quieter environment. B. To earn more money than before. C. To practice customer service skills. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What problem does the woman face? A. No suitable place. B. No available band. C. No enough funds. 9. What will the man do later? A. Text the woman. B. Call the club. C. Clean the dormitory. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Professor and student. B. Classmates. C. Boss and secretary. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is Emily’s main purpose for the trip? A. To see wildlife. B. To visit locals. C. To protect the environment. 12. Where did Mark stay during his trip? A. In a hotel. B. In a village. C. In a tent. 13. Why does Mark suggest booking quickly? A. The price is rising. B. The space is limited. C. The dry season is ending. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does the woman originally want to buy? A. A mobile phone. B. Gardening tools. C. Rose seeds. 15. How did Grandpa feel about video calling last time? A. Upset. B. Curious. C. Excited. 16. What does Grandpa spend a lot of time doing every day? A. Watching TV. B. Making gardening tools. C. Working in his garden. 17. When will the speakers go shopping? A. This Sunday. B. Next month. C. Next Saturday. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What problem can too much screen time cause according to the speech? A. Physical pain. B. Sleeping trouble. C. Poor eyesight. 19. What is the main idea of a digital detox? A. Going for long walks. B. Buying new printed books. C. Staying away from screens. 20. What is the speech intended for? A. Parents. B. Teachers. C. Researchers. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A LugLess: The Easiest Way to Ship Luggage (行李) Are you tired of carrying heavy bags to the airport? LugLess has built a luggage shipping platform that is easy and cheap for everyone. We find you the lowest rates and let you choose the options you need, so you only pay for what you use. What can I ship? You can ship luggage, golf equipment, skis, or boxes. If you don’t carry your bags to the airport, you’ll never worry about packing too much again. We make it easy to send golf equipment to the course or boxes to your school. Digital shipping labels No printer? No problem. Ship with just your phone! You’ll always have the most convenient option for a nearby drop-off at more than 10,000 locations nationwide without printing anything. Contactless travel Shipping luggage ahead is the fastest and safest way through the airport. You can save time, minimize interactions at check-in, and avoid crowded places like the baggage area. How much does it cost? Pricing starts at around $15 per bag. It is mainly decided by three factors: Size: What are the weight and size of your luggage? Speed: How fast do you need it shipped? Distance: How far is the luggage going? (Note: If your bag is over the maximum size, an extra charge of up to $2,000 per bag will apply. If you change your delivery address after shipping, you need to pay an extra $30 per bag.) How does it work? Book: We’ll find the cheapest rate and send a label to your phone. Ship: Bring bags to a nearby location. Or, pay for a pickup. Relax: Head to the airport with just the essentials. Arrive: Your luggage safely arrives at your final destination. 1. What is an advantage of using LugLess? A. You travel without heavy bags. B. You print labels for free. C. You get free new golf equipment. D. You pick up deliveries faster. 2. Which factor fails to affect the basic shipping price? A. The size of the bag. B. The time of the booking. C. The distance of the trip. D. The speed of the delivery. 3. How much extra is needed if you change the address after shipping? A. $15 per bag. B. $30 per bag. C. $45 per bag. D. $2,000 per bag. B Every winter in Brussels, students gather at the École Van der Kelen. Founded in 1892 and run by the same family, it is a painting school unlike any other. The rules here are strict. Students must arrive by 9 a.m. and work in silence. They cannot bring phones or cameras, and they must wear white coats. They also need to stand the cold, as the studio is poorly heated by an old stove (火炉). If students can tolerate these rules for the six-month course, they will master special skills. The school is most famous for trompe l’oeil, a painting style that means “cheat the eye”. Artists use tricks of light and shadow to create 3D illusions (幻觉) on two-dimensional settings. At the school, students learn to paint copies of 28 types of wood and 33 types of marble (大理石), or even a perfect sky. The school was very popular in the past, but in the 21st century, it faced huge challenges. As this painting style fell out of fashion, student numbers dropped sharply. Fortunately, the Scottish painter Lucy McKenzie helped save it. After discovering the school in a book in 2007, she signed up. She later used its techniques to create amazing large-scale paintings, which attracted a steady stream of new students from across the world. Many of them, like modern designers and architects, come here because they are tired of working on computers all day. These people come to have a break and experience a completely new way of living. Today, 52-year-old Sylvie oversees the school with the help of her 82-year-old mother, Denise. They believe their work is vital to preserving these traditional techniques, many of which are not taught anywhere else. As for the future, Sylvie’s 10-year-old son, Hilaire, often plays in the studio. While he is still unsure about his future, his grandmother is confident that he will eventually take over the family business. 4. What is a strict rule for the students at the École Van der Kelen? A. To wear black clothes. B. To arrive before 8 a.m. C. To work without speaking. D. To bring their own cameras. 5. What is the main feature of trompe l’oeil painting? A. Copying old history books. B. Using 28 types of real wood. C. Painting with modern computers. D. Producing 3D effects on flat surfaces. 6. Why do some designers choose to attend this school today? A. To buy large-scale paintings. B. To design modern architecture. C. To meet the painter Lucy McKenzie. D. To break free from routine and live anew. 7. What does Denise believe Hilaire will do in the future? A. He will close the school. B. He will become an architect. C. He will run the family business. D. He will move out of Brussels. C Today, artificial intelligence (AI) tools show both great power and clear weakness. On the one hand, modern systems such as large language models can answer difficult questions about science or history in fluent and confident language. They often sound like experts and can provide quick help in daily study and work. However, these systems are not always reliable. Sometimes they give wrong information or even create facts that do not exist. This problem is often called “hallucination”. For example, when asked for book references, AI may produce titles or authors that are completely made up. Such mistakes can mislead users who trust the answers too easily. Another problem is that AI can be guided to give harmful or inappropriate responses. In some cases, users can design special questions to trick the system into saying something offensive or dangerous. This happens partly because AI is designed to be helpful. It tries to give an answer to every question, even when it should refuse. As a result, it may provide advice that is not safe. To address the risks posed by AI, developers have carried out a series of regulatory mechanisms termed “guardrails”. These mechanisms represent formal restrictions and procedural guidelines designed to block and prohibit the formulation of malicious (恶意的) questions as well as the generation of harmful outputs. Despite these protective measures, they are not completely effective. Experienced users can still discover methods to get around these limitations by using indirect expressions or fictional situations. One important method to improve AI is to train it with human feedback. In this process, people judge whether AI’s answers are correct and appropriate. Their opinions help guide the system to produce better responses. Another method is to study how AI behaves within the system and try to guide it toward positive behavior. Although progress is being made, AI is still not fully reliable. It is a complex tool that must be used carefully. In the future, more research is needed to make AI both useful and safe for everyone. 8. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By discussing the risks of AI use. B. By giving an example of AI mistakes. C. By presenting a contrast about AI abilities. D. By explaining how AI systems are trained. 9. Why can AI give harmful answers? A. It lacks enough data. B. It works without rules. C. It ignores user instructions. D. It tries to respond to every question. 10. What does the underlined word “guardrails” in paragraph 4 probably refer to? A. Tools increasing AI speed. B. People monitoring AI systems. C. Physical devices controlling AI. D. Rules limiting harmful AI behavior. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. The Strengths and Risks of AI B. The Causes and Results of AI C. The History and Future of AI D. The Methods and Steps of AI D I am not a green-fingered person. I once managed to kill a cactus (仙人掌), so I am qualified to sit in a garden but not to care for it. David George Haskell, on the other hand, clearly knows his flowers. His latest book, How Flowers Made Our World, argues that our cultural conception of flowers is entirely wrong. In many Western societies, flowers are seen as “weak and merely decorative”. In fact, says Haskell, “flowers are world changers.” When flowering plants developed, they completely transformed ecosystems. Rainforests, honeybees, and even our own species depend on flowers for survival. Haskell devotes most of his book to the biology of flowers and their importance. He begins with the magnolia (木兰花), which offers an insight of early flowering plants. He moves on to orchids (兰花), which show how flowers form relationships with other species, and seagrass, which creates shelters for wildlife. In the second half of the book, Haskell focuses on humanity’s relationship with flowering plants. He points out that all our major crops like wheat are flowering plants. Without them, we could never feed the global population. There are times when Haskell overdoes it. He gives an account of the world before flowers as a boring one with little color. Still, he is right to stress the vital importance of flowering plants and the need to conserve their diversity. My one real complaint with the book is that there is no overall story. Haskell has collected a series of loosely linked essays. Readers should not expect to be pulled through by an absorbing story. Instead, they are encouraged to enjoy his poetic language. The book also contains vivid illustrations that help explain the flowers. However, what truly sets this book apart is its deep research and rich ideas — these are where it shines, with much to recommend it. 12. Which of the following can best describe the author’s gardening skills? A. Expert. B. Incompetent. C. Informed. D. Average. 13. What is Haskell’s central argument in his book? A. Flowers are delicate and weak. B. Flowers are a direct source of food. C. Flowers are merely decorative. D. Flowers are world-changing beings. 14. What does the author consider the book’s greatest strength? A. Its deep insight. B. Its absorbing story. C. Its poetic language. D. Its lifelike illustrations. 15. What is the main purpose of this text? A. To explain a method. B. To review a book. C. To introduce a discovery. D. To make an appeal. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When was the last time you told a small lie? Maybe you said a cheap shirt cost even less than it did, or you made an expensive meal sound more costly, just to shock people. ____16____ However, what cannot be ignored is that they can add up. Too many harmless lies can cause disbelief and weaken trust. Relationship expert Jessica Alderson explains that lying is often a survival mechanism. People lie to protect their reputation, keep social bonds, or encourage others, especially children. However, even a small lie can destroy trust and damage our integrity. ____17____ Prosocial (亲社会的) lies aim to protect someone’s feelings — for example, telling a friend their haircut looks nice when you know they are insecure about it. These can be acceptable in certain situations. Self-serving lies, however, are told for personal gain, often at the expense of others. Communication expert Christopher Richards believes all lies should be avoided. ____18____ When people frequently exaggerate (夸张), others may begin to doubt their credibility. Telling lies also affects our bodies. ____19____ Our brains work harder to keep the story straight, which can disturb sleep, lead to anxiety, and harm decision-making. Over time, this extra stress can harm our health. ____20____ Practice telling the truth in certain situations, like admitting what something really cost. If you feel the urge to lie, ask yourself what you are afraid of. Understanding the root cause makes it easier to choose honesty. While the truth may hurt momentarily, it spares us from the ongoing stress of keeping lies alive. A. Lies fall into two types. B. These little lies may seem harmless. C. To become more honest, experts suggest starting small. D. Even well-intentioned lies can lead to doubt when overused. E. The more you lie, the easier it becomes to lose sight of true love. F. White lies may be harmful, but they are told out of people’s kindness. G. Research shows that lying demands much more energy than truth-telling. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I still remember my first flight, in 2002. It was magical. Working as a tour guide in Myanmar, I met a British balloon pilot who ____21____ to take me up. I don’t usually enjoy flying in planes, but this was ____22____. Floating gently with the wind, it was ____23____ and picturesque. I fell in love with ballooning ____24____. Growing up in Germany, I once thought I’d become a doctor. But a backpacking trip through China after high school ____25____ a passion for travel. After university, I led hiking trips across Asia and the UK. It was ____26____ work, but I loved every moment. That first balloon trip gave me a real ____27____ for what else life could offer. I started to get a real feel for flying, and soon I was ____28____ every day to become a pilot myself. It’s a special profession, so I was proud to become the UK’s first female hot-air balloon flight examiner. In 2010, I ____29____ the Women’s Balloon Event and ran it myself for the whole decade to encourage women and girls to ____30____ aviation (航空业). For over 17 years, I’ve piloted commercial balloon flights in 124 countries, and though it’s not an official Guinness record, it’s ____31____ in the international ballooning community. I’m now ____32____ a long expedition (探险) around Africa next year, hoping to reach 150 countries. I’ve ____33____ fixed-wing planes, and even helicopter lessons, but nothing ____34____ to ballooning. You don’t need special skills — just an adventurous spirit, and a deep ____35____ for the skies. 21. A. offered B. refused C. hesitated D. prepared 22. A. familiar B. ordinary C. different D. strange 23. A. frightening B. peaceful C. rough D. tense 24. A. unwillingly B. patiently C. unfortunately D. instantly 25. A. inspired B. expressed C. followed D. displayed 26. A. remarkable B. meaningful C. annoying D. hard 27. A. worry B. appreciation C. complaint D. excuse 28. A. training B. applying C. pretending D. begging 29. A. discovered B. founded C. joined D. visited 30. A. give out B. put off C. take up D. turn around 31. A. ignored B. criticized C. recognized D. announced 32. A. completing B. planning C. reminding D. conducting 33. A. invented B. rejected C. described D. tried 34. A. compares B. contributes C. sticks D. admits 35. A. understanding B. regret C. sympathy D. love 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A new generation of Chinese influencers is gaining fame. They travel to places ____36____ traditional culture is still practiced, filming performances, customs, and artworks. Many of these influencers refer to cultural objects and traditions ____37____ a bridge between past and present. Shi Haifeng, known online as “Nanxiang doesn’t like to eat”, creates videos about lacquerware (漆器). He spent weeks with local craftsmen learning to craft plates, collected sap (树液) from trees, ____38____ polished his own creations. Similarly, Liu Yaqing, or “Jiang Xunqian”, often ____39____ (film) traditional clothing and rolling lanterns in her daily life, including detailed guides that attract millions of viewers. Their work demonstrates the value and ____40____ (popular) of cultural heritage in modern media. Both Shi and Liu started as food vloggers but later shifted to cultural content, inspiring audiences and preserving traditions. Their videos often include historical background, practical ____41____ (entry) for viewers, and explanations of why these arts matter. The creators have been recognized by the Chinese government and are praised ____42____ (public) for their contributions. The influencers’ storytelling connects past and present: for instance, Shi links mother-of-pearl crafts to China’s space program. Audiences enjoy the combination of spectacle (奇观), history, and education, seeing it as ____43____ form of national pride. These videos, ____44____ (celebrate) by both viewers and officials, highlight that cultural heritage is alive, ____45____ (offer) a unique experience that connects tradition with modern life. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，最近你们班英语课将举行一场主题为“高中生要不要统一穿校服？”的讨论，请你写一篇英语短文表达自己的观点，内容包括： 1.你的观点； 2.你的理由。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Should High School Students Wear Uniforms? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My dad was a master planner and an adventurer at heart. Growing up as the youngest of five boys, I viewed him as unbeatable; there was no barrier too big and no problem he couldn’t solve. He and Mom loved the outdoors, leading us on full-day drives into the mountains to chase breathtaking views. Dad always believed that the true joy of any trip wasn’t just arriving at the final stop, but the shared laughs and breathtaking sights experienced along the way. During the spring break when I was 16, he announced an exciting new plan: we were taking our van (面包车) to La Barge Box Canyon in the Superstition Mountains. Instead of a traditional hike, we were going to drive along a dry riverbed to explore the canyon (峡谷) floor. We eagerly loaded the van with food and blankets, excited for the hidden beauty Dad always managed to find. The morning dawned bright and sunny. Towering green mountains, reaching heights above 6,000 feet, filled the van’s windows. Dad turned off the highway, directing past fallen rocks until he found a rough passageway down into the canyon. “Here we go!” he shouted, turning sharply onto the dry riverbed. The van bumped (颠簸) and kicked up dust as we turned sharply around massive rocks. My brothers and I cheered from the back seat, laughing as we bumped along the rough road. Eventually, the expansive canyon floor opened up around us, its walls reaching dramatically toward the clear sky. It felt like a hidden world meant just for our family. We all got out and were amazed at the rock formations, enjoying the peaceful moment and each other’s company. But just as we laid out our picnic, dark clouds blocked out the sun. A misty rain rapidly transformed into a desert downpour, forcing us to rush back into the van. Looking out the window, the ground soon turned muddy and messy. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The rain eventually stopped, but our van was stuck in the mud. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Although we were saved by a jeep, I felt a bit upset about the early return. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $