专题09 代词（指示代词、不定代词）（知识清单）-2026年小升初英语复习讲练测（山东专版）

小升初英语专题总复习 专题09 指示代词、不定代词 考点一 指示代词（基础核心考点） 指示代词是用来指代、标记人或事物，明确区分近指/远指、单数/复数的代词，是山东地区英语基础必考点，是词汇运用、句型转换题的必考基础内容。 一、指示代词核心形式与用法表 指示代词 单复数 指代范围 核心句法功能 高频例句 this 单数 近指（距离近、时间近） 可作主语、宾语、定语、表语，接单数名词 This is a photo of Mount Tai. 这是一张泰山的照片。 I like this kite. 我喜欢这个风筝。 that 单数 远指（距离远、时间远） 可作主语、宾语、定语、表语，接单数名词；可指代前文提到的单数事物 That is the Yellow River over there. 那边是黄河。 That is why he was late. 那就是他迟到的原因。 these 复数 近指（距离近、时间近） 可作主语、宾语、定语、表语，接复数名词 These are my classmates from Qingdao. 这些是我来自青岛的同学。 These books are about Confucius. 这些书是关于孔子的。 those 复数 远指（距离远、时间远） 可作主语、宾语、定语、表语，接复数名词；可指代前文提到的复数事物 Those mountains in the distance are in Yimeng. 远处的那些山在沂蒙。 The apples in this box are bigger than those in the basket. 这个箱子里的苹果比篮子里的大。 二、山东地区高频必考特殊用法 情景交际：打电话固定用法（山东地区情景交际题必考） 向对方介绍自己：This is... (speaking) 询问/确认对方身份：Who's that? / Is that... (speaking)? 例：—Hello, this is Li Ming from Jinan. Is that Wang Hong? 你好，我是济南的李明。请问你是王红吗？ —Yes, this is Wang Hong speaking. 是的，我是王红。 疑问句回答替代规则 回答以this/that作主语的疑问句时，答语用it替代this/that； 回答以these/those作主语的疑问句时，答语用they替代these/those。 例：—Is this your new schoolbag? 这是你的新书包吗？—Yes, it is. 是的，它是。 例：—Are those your stamps from Qufu? 那些是你从曲阜带来的邮票吗？—No, they aren't. 不，它们不是。 替代词用法：it/one/that的辨析（山东地区难点高频考点） 替代词 核心用法 高频例句 it 指代上文提到的同一个事物，同类同物 I lost my key to Mount Tai scenic spot, but I found it this morning. 我丢了泰山景区的钥匙，但今天早上找到了它。 one 泛指上文提到的同类事物中的一个，同类不同物 —Who has a map of Shandong? 谁有山东地图？—I have one. 我有一张。 that 常用于比较结构中，替代前文提到的单数可数名词/不可数名词，避免重复；复数用those The weather in Qingdao is cooler than that in Jinan in summer. 夏天青岛的天气比济南凉爽。 The cars made in Yantai are better than those made in other cities. 烟台产的汽车比其他城市产的更好。 三、山东高频易错点专项提醒 单复数搭配错误：this/that后接单数名词，these/those后接复数名词，禁止出现this are/these is等错误； 打电话场景误用：禁止出现I am.../Are you...的表达，必须用this is/is that； 比较结构中替代词误用：不可数名词/单数名词比较用that，复数名词比较用those，禁止用it替代。 四、速记口诀 这个this，那个that，these这些，those那些； 近指this/these，远指that/those； 单数this/that，复数these/those； 打电话this介绍我，that把对方说； 回答疑问it/they替，比较that/those避重复。 一、用this/that/these/those填空。 1.______ is my friend Tom. He is standing next to me. 2.Look at ______ mountains over there. They are Mount Tai. 3.—Hello, ______ is Zhang Hua speaking. Who's ______? 4.______ pens in my hand are for you. 二、单项选择。 ( ) 1. The weather in Weifang is warmer than ______ in Yantai in winter. A. it B. one C. that D. those ( ) 2. —Are ______ your books on the desk over there? —Yes, ______ are. A. these; they B. those; they C. those; these D. these; those ( ) 3. I don't like this blue skirt. Can you show me a red ______? A. it B. one C. that D. those 一、改正下列句子中指示代词的用法错误，无错误则写“正确”。 1.This are my parents from Jining. → ________________________ 2.That apples on the tree are very red. → ________________________ 3.—Is that your new bike? —Yes, that is. → ________________________ 4.Hello, I am Li Ming. Is that Tom? → ________________________ 5.These is a beautiful park in Rizhao. → ________________________ 二、按要求完成句子。 1.This is a new model of the Huanghe Lou.（改为复数句） ________________________________________________ 2.Those are my photos from Qingdao Beach.（改为单数句） ________________________________________________ 3. Are these your stamps from Qufu?（作肯定回答） ________________________________________________ 4.Is that your father?（作否定回答） ________________________________________________ 考点二 普通不定代词 不定代词是不指明替代任何特定名词或形容词，用来指代不确定的人、事物或数量的代词，分为普通不定代词和复合不定代词两类。普通不定代词是山东地区单选、完形填空、词汇运用题的核心高频考点。 一、高频普通不定代词核心用法全表 类别 不定代词 核心含义 用法规则 山东教材高频例句 数量类 some 一些；若干 1. 修饰可数名词复数/不可数名词； 2. 用于肯定句； 3. 用于表请求、建议、期待肯定回答的疑问句 I have some storybooks about Shandong. 我有一些关于山东的故事书。 Would you like some Rizhao green tea? 你想喝点日照绿茶吗？ any 一些；任何 1. 修饰可数名词复数/不可数名词； 2. 用于否定句、疑问句； 3. 用于肯定句表“任何”，接单数名词 I don't have any friends in Zibo. 我在淄博没有朋友。 Any student can join the activity. 任何学生都能参加这个活动。 many 许多 修饰可数名词复数，可与so/too/as/how连用 There are many tourists in Mount Lao every year. 每年崂山都有很多游客。 much 许多 修饰不可数名词，可与so/too/as/how连用 There is too much water in the bottle. 瓶子里有太多水了。 范围类 both 两者都 1. 指代/修饰两者，接复数名词，谓语动词用复数； 2. 固定搭配：both...and... 两者都 Both of my parents are from Heze. 我的父母都来自菏泽。 Both Jinan and Qingdao are big cities in Shandong. 济南和青岛都是山东的大城市。 all 三者及以上都 1. 指代/修饰三者及以上，接可数名词复数/不可数名词； 2. 谓语动词单复数由修饰的名词决定 All of the students in our class visited the Confucius Temple. 我们班所有学生都参观了孔庙。 All the food is delicious. 所有的食物都很美味。 either 两者中的任意一个 1. 指代两者中的任意一个，接单数名词，谓语动词用单数； 2. 固定搭配：either...or... 要么……要么……（就近原则） You can take either bus to the Daming Lake. 你可以坐任意一路公交车去大明湖。 Either you or he is right. 要么你对，要么他对。 neither 两者都不 1. 指代两者都不，接单数名词，谓语动词用单数； 2. 固定搭配：neither...nor... 既不……也不……（就近原则） Neither of the answers is correct. 两个答案都不对。 Neither he nor I like the rainy day. 他和我都不喜欢雨天。 数量程度类 a few 有一些，几个 修饰可数名词复数，表肯定含义 There are a few kites in the sky of Weifang. 潍坊的天空中有几只风筝。 few 几乎没有 修饰可数名词复数，表否定含义 Few people know this old story about Mount Tai. 几乎没有人知道这个关于泰山的老故事。 a little 有一点 修饰不可数名词，表肯定含义 There is a little milk in the glass. 杯子里有一点牛奶。 little 几乎没有 修饰不可数名词，表否定含义 There is little time left. We must hurry up. 几乎没有时间了，我们必须快点。 其他类 each 每个 1. 强调个体，可用于两者及以上； 2. 可接of短语，作主语谓语动词用单数 Each student has a textbook about Shandong culture. 每个学生都有一本关于山东文化的课本。 Each of them has a new pen. 他们每个人都有一支新钢笔。 every 每个 1. 强调整体，只用于三者及以上； 2. 后接单数名词，不可接of短语，谓语动词用单数 Every year, many people come to visit Penglai Pavilion. 每年都有很多人来参观蓬莱阁。 other系列 other：其他的 the other：两者中的另一个 others：另一些 the others：其余所有 another：另一个（三者及以上） 1. other后接复数名词； 2. 固定结构：one...the other... 一个……另一个……；some...others... 一些……另一些……； 3. another后接单数名词，表“再一、又一” I have other friends in Yantai. 我在烟台还有其他朋友。 I have two brothers. One is a doctor, the other is a teacher. 我有两个兄弟，一个是医生，另一个是老师。 Some students are reading, others are writing. 一些学生在读书，另一些在写字。 Can I have another cake? 我能再要一块蛋糕吗？ 二、山东地区高频易错点专项提醒 some与any的场景误用：请求建议的疑问句必须用some，不能用any，如Would you like some...?是山东小升初高频易错点； (a)few与(a)little的修饰对象混淆：few/a few修饰可数名词，little/a little修饰不可数名词，是每年必考的辨析点； 就近原则误用：either...or.../neither...nor...连接主语时，谓语动词与离它最近的主语保持一致，禁止出现复数谓语； other系列辨析错误：another只能用于三者及以上，the other用于两者中的另一个，是山东小升初完形填空高频易错点； 主谓一致错误：each/either/neither作主语时，谓语动词必须用单数形式。 三、速记口诀 some肯定any否定疑，请求建议some不离； many可数much不可，a few/a little肯定义，few/little表否定； both两者都，all三者以上全，either任一个，neither都不选； one...the other两者间，some...others另一些现，another另一个三者前； 复合不定代词语法，谓语动词用单三。 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. —Would you like ______ Jining pancake? —Yes, please. A. any B. some C. many D. much ( ) 2. There is ______ water in the bottle. Let's go and buy some. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few ( ) 3. ______ of the two answers is right. You need to do it again. A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. All ( ) 4. I don't like this shirt. Can you show me ______ one? A. other B. the other C. another D. others 二、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1.There are many ______ (visit) in Mount Tai every day. 2.Neither he nor I ______ (be) from Qingdao. 3.Each of the students ______ (have) a new dictionary. 4.There is ______ (a little) milk in the fridge. We don't need to buy it. 一、改正下列句子中不定代词的用法错误。 1.I have some bread, but I don't have some milk. → ________________________ 2.There are too much people in the park. → ________________________ 3. Both of the answer is correct. → ________________________ 4.He has a little friends in this city. → ________________________ 5.I want other apple, because this one is too small. → ________________________ 二、选词填空，每词限用一次。 some any both all either neither a few a little 1.______ of my parents are teachers. They work in a primary school in Linyi. 2.—Which of the two pens do you like? —______. They are both too expensive. 3.There is ______ time left. We can finish the work. 4. Do you have ______ questions about the text? 5.______ of the students in our class passed the exam. We are all very happy.考点三 复合不定代词（易错考点） 复合不定代词是由some/any/no/every加上body/one/thing构成的不定代词，是山东地区英语单选、词汇运用题的高频易错考点，核心考查主谓一致和形容词后置用法。 一、复合不定代词核心构成表 前缀 指人 指人 指物 some- somebody 某人 someone 某人 something 某事；某物 any- anybody 任何人 anyone 任何人 anything 任何事；任何物 no- nobody 没有人 no one 没有人 nothing 没有什么；没有东西 every- everybody 每个人；大家 everyone 每个人；大家 everything 一切；所有事物 二、核心用法规则 句式用法规则 some-系列：用于肯定句，以及表请求、建议、期待肯定回答的疑问句； any-系列：用于否定句、疑问句，肯定句中表“任何人/任何事”； no-系列：本身表否定含义，句子中不能再出现not等否定词； every-系列：用于肯定句，表“每个人/所有事物”。 例：Someone is waiting for you at the school gate. 有人在校门口等你。 例：Is there anything I can do for you? 有什么我能为你做的吗？ 例：There is nothing in the box. 盒子里什么都没有。 例：Everyone in our class likes the trip to Weihai. 我们班每个人都喜欢去威海的旅行。 主谓一致规则 所有复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词必须用第三人称单数形式，是山东小升初最高频易错点。 例：Everyone is here. 所有人都到了。（不可用are） 例：Something is wrong with my bike. 我的自行车出问题了。（不可用are） 形容词修饰规则 形容词修饰复合不定代词时，必须放在复合不定代词的后面，即“形容词后置”，是山东小升初每年必考的知识点。 例：I have something important to tell you. 我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。（不可写important something） 例：Is there anything interesting in today's newspaper? 今天的报纸上有什么有趣的事吗？ 特殊用法 指人的复合不定代词，其对应的物主代词通常用his/her/their，反身代词用himself/herself/themselves； 例：Everyone should do their homework by themselves. 每个人都应该自己完成作业。 anyone/anything用于肯定句时，表“任何人/任何事”； 例：Anyone can join the club. 任何人都能加入这个俱乐部。 三、山东地区高频易错点专项提醒 主谓一致错误：复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词必须用单数，禁止出现everyone are等错误； 形容词位置错误：形容词必须放在复合不定代词后面，禁止出现important something等错误； 否定句误用：nobody/nothing/no one本身表否定，句子中不能再加not； 句式误用：否定句和疑问句中不能用something/someone，除了请求建议的特殊场景。 四、速记口诀 复合不定代词十四词，some/any/no/every起头； body/one人，thing物，用法规则要记熟； 句中作主语用单三，形容词往后站； some肯any否疑定，no-否定不重复。 一、用合适的复合不定代词填空。 1.______ is knocking at the door. Go and see who it is. 2.There is ______ in the fridge. We need to buy some food. 3.Is there ______ interesting in the film about the Yellow River? 4.______ in our class can speak English well. 二、单项选择。 ( ) 1. There is ______ wrong with my computer. It doesn't work. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything ( ) 2. —Is there ______ in the room? —No, ______ is in. A. someone; nobody B. anyone; nobody C. anyone; everybody D. someone; everybody ( ) 3. Everyone in my family ______ the food from Dezhou. A. like B. likes C. liking D. to like 一、改正下列句子中复合不定代词的用法错误。 1.Everyone in my class are good at English. → ________________________ 2.I have interesting something to tell you. → ________________________ 3.There isn't nothing in the bottle. → ________________________ 4. Did you buy something in the supermarket? → ________________________ 5.Nobody know the secret. → ________________________ 二、按要求完成句子。 1.I have something to tell you.（改为否定句） ________________________________________________ 2.Everyone is here.（改为一般疑问句） ________________________________________________ 3.There is something wrong with my radio.（改为一般疑问句） ________________________________________________考点四 易混代词综合辨析与山东地区解题技巧 本考点为山东地区代词题型的提分核心，结合山东16地市历年小升初真题命题规律，总结易混代词辨析方法和五大题型专属解题技巧，贴合山东本土题型特点，帮助学生快速提分，规避易错点。 一、山东高频易混代词核心辨析表 易混组 核心区别 快速判断技巧 this/that/these/those 近指/远指、单复数差异 距离近用this/these，距离远用that/those；单数用this/that，复数用these/those it/one/that 同类同物/同类不同物/比较替代 同一个事物用it；同类不同物用one；比较结构中替代前文名词用that/those some/any 句式使用场景差异 肯定句、请求建议疑问句用some；否定句、普通疑问句用any many/much 修饰名词可数性差异 修饰可数名词复数用many；修饰不可数名词用much (a)few/(a)little 可数性、肯否定差异 修饰可数名词用few/a few；修饰不可数名词用little/a little；带a表肯定，不带a表否定 both/all 指代范围差异 两者用both；三者及以上用all either/neither 肯否定差异 两者中任意一个用either，表肯定；两者都不用neither，表否定 other/others/the other/the others/another 范围、单复数差异 后接名词用other；单独使用表“另一些”用others；两者中的另一个用the other；特指其余所有用the others；三者及以上的另一个用another 二、山东考区五大题型专属解题技巧 1. 单项选择题解题技巧 步骤1 分类锁定法：先看选项，判断是考查指示代词、普通不定代词还是复合不定代词，缩小考点范围； 步骤2 规则排除法： 看到形容词+不定代词的选项，先排除形容词前置的错误选项； 看到复合不定代词作主语，先排除谓语动词非单数的选项； 看到few/little，先看修饰的名词是可数还是不可数，排除不匹配的选项； 步骤3 语境验证法：结合句子是肯定句/否定句/疑问句，锁定some/any系列的正确选项； 步骤4 固定搭配优先法：看到打电话场景、either...or.../neither...nor...等固定结构，直接按规则选择。 2. 词汇运用题解题技巧 技巧1 先定类别，再定形式：先根据句意判断是用指示代词还是不定代词，再根据单复数、主谓一致、句式规则确定最终形式； 技巧2 成分分析法：空格在句中作主语/宾语/定语，结合代词的句法功能锁定正确形式； 技巧3 拼写验证法：填完后检查复合不定代词、不定代词的拼写是否正确，避免出现拼写错误； 技巧4 主谓一致验证法：检查不定代词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数是否符合规则。 3. 句型转换题解题技巧 单复数转换：this↔these，that↔those，is↔are，名词单数↔复数，其余部分保持不变； 肯定句↔否定句：some变any，something变anything，someone变anyone；句中有nothing/nobody等否定词，不能再加not； 陈述句↔一般疑问句：be动词/助动词提前，some变any，something变anything，句末变问号； 对划线部分提问： 对指示代词/不定代词指代的人提问，用who； 对事物提问，用what； 对数量提问，可数名词用how many，不可数名词用how much。 4. 完形填空题解题技巧 技巧1 上下文指代锁定法：代词的指代对象一定在前文出现过，先回到前文找到指代的人/物，确定单复数、近指/远指； 技巧2 语境逻辑法：结合上下文的肯否定逻辑、数量逻辑，锁定(a)few/(a)little、some/any、复合不定代词的正确形式； 技巧3 固定搭配优先法：看到固定结构、打电话场景，直接按规则选择，无需纠结语境； 技巧4 代入验证法：选完答案后，把代词代入原文，检查语义是否通顺、语法是否正确。 5. 阅读理解题解题技巧 技巧1 指代还原法：遇到考查指示代词/不定代词指代含义的题目，直接回到原文，找到代词所在的句子，往前找最近的名词/名词短语，就是指代对象； 技巧2 单复数匹配法：it/this/that指代单数名词，they/these/those指代复数名词，先通过单复数缩小范围； 技巧3 细节排除法：注意原文中不定代词的范围（both/all/either/neither）、数量（many/much/few/little），排除与原文不符的干扰选项。 一、单项选择，运用解题技巧选出正确答案。 ( ) 1. —Would you like ______ to drink? —Yes, some Laoshan beer, please. A. something cold B. cold something C. anything cold D. cold anything ( ) 2. ______ of the two girls is from Shandong. They are both from Beijing. A. Both B. Neither C. All D. None ( ) 3. The cars made in Shanghai are better than ______ made in Jinan. A. that B. this C. those D. these ( ) 4. Everyone in our group ______ been to Mount Tai. A. have B. has C. is D. are ( ) 5. There are ______ people in the hall, but there is ______ water left. We need to buy some. A. many; little B. much; few C. many; a little D. much; little 一、句型转换，按要求完成句子。 1.This is my new camera.（改为复数句） _______________________________________________________ 2.Those are beautiful flowers.（改为单数句） _______________________________________________________ 3.I have something to tell you.（改为一般疑问句） _______________________________________________________ 4. Both of them are from Heze.（改为否定句） _______________________________________________________ 5.There are many people in the park.（对划线部分提问）_______________________________________________________ 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. ______ is a photo of Penglai Pavilion. ______ are photos of the Yellow River over there. A. This; Those B. That; This C. These; Those D. This; That ( ) 2. —Hello, ______ is Liu Tao speaking. Is ______ Zhang Wei? —Yes, this is Zhang Wei. A. this; this B. this; that C. that; this D. that; that ( ) 3. The weather in Rizhao is better than ______ in Jinan in summer. A. it B. one C. that D. those ( ) 4. Would you like ______ Zibo barbecue? It's very famous. A. any B. some C. many D. much ( ) 5. There is ______ milk in the glass. You can drink it. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few ( ) 6. ______ my father and my mother like the food from Dezhou. A. Both B. All C. Either D. Neither ( ) 7. —Which of the two T-shirts do you prefer? —______ is OK. They are both nice. A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. All ( ) 8. There are ______ tourists in Mount Tai during the holiday. A. much B. many C. little D. a little ( ) 9. I don't like this pair of shoes. Can I try ______ pair? A. other B. the other C. another D. others ( ) 10. ______ is wrong with my watch. It doesn't work. A. Something B. Anything C. Nothing D. Everything ( ) 11. Everyone in our class ______ to visit the Confucius Temple. A. want B. wants C. wanting D. to want ( ) 12. Is there ______ in today's newspaper about the Weifang Kite Festival? A. interesting something B. interesting anything C. something interesting D. anything interesting ( ) 13. —Is there ______ in the classroom? —No, ______ is there. All the students are on the playground. A. someone; nobody B. anyone; nobody C. anyone; everybody D. someone; everybody ( ) 14. There is ______ time left. Hurry up, or we will miss the bus to Tai'an. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few ( ) 15. Some students are cleaning the window, ______ are sweeping the floor. A. other B. others C. the other D. another 二、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1.______ (this) are my new books about Shandong history. 2.There are many ______ (visit) in the Ocean Park of Qingdao every day. 3.Neither you nor he ______ (be) right. 4.Each of us ______ (have) a ticket to the show. 5.There is ______ (anything) in the box. It's empty. 6.Would you like ______ (some) tea from Rizhao? 7.Everyone in my family ______ (like) the pancake from Jining. 8.There is ______ (a little) water in the bottle. Let's go and buy some. 9.The apples in this box are bigger than ______ (that) in the basket. 10.Help ______ (you) to some seafood, children. It's fresh from Yantai. 三、按要求完成下列各题。 1.写出下列句子的同义句。 (1) This is my new bike. → This new bike ______ ______. (2) Both Tom and Lucy are from Shandong. → ______ ______ Tom ______ ______ Lucy ______ from Shandong. (3) There is a little milk in the glass. → There is ______ ______ milk in the glass. (4) The girl is too young to go to school. → The girl is ______ young ______ she can't go to school. (5) I have nothing to do. → I ______ have ______ to do. 2.句型转换。 (1) This is a beautiful kite from Weifang.（改为复数句） ________________________________________________ (2) Those are my photos from Mount Lao.（改为单数句） ________________________________________________ (3) I have something important to tell you.（改为否定句） ________________________________________________ (4) Both of the answers are correct.（改为否定句） ________________________________________________ (5) There are many people in the Daming Lake.（对划线部分提问） ________________________________________________ 四、完形填空。 My name is Wang Hong. I live in Jinan, Shandong. I have a happy family. 1. ______ are four people in my family: my parents, my little brother and I. My parents are both teachers. 2. ______ of them work in a primary school. They are very kind to 3. ______ students. My little brother is five years old. He is very cute. He has 4. ______ toys at home. He likes to share his toys with 5. ______. Last weekend, we went to Mount Tai. 6. ______ was a sunny day. We took 7. ______ photos there. On the way, we met 8. ______ students from Beijing. We talked with them and became friends. 9. ______ of us had a good time. When we got home, my brother said, "I have 10. ______ interesting to tell you!" He showed us his new stone from Mount Tai. We all laughed happily. ( ) 1. A. There B. These C. Those D. This ( ) 2. A. Both B. All C. Either D. Neither ( ) 3. A. they B. their C. theirs D. them ( ) 4. A. much B. many C. little D. a little ( ) 5. A. other B. others C. another D. the other ( ) 6. A. It B. This C. That D. These ( ) 7. A. a lot B. lot of C. a lot of D. much ( ) 8. A. some B. any C. much D. little ( ) 9. A. Both B. All C. Either D. Neither ( ) 10. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 五、阅读理解。 Welcome to Shandong! Shandong is a beautiful province in the east of China. There are many famous places here, like Mount Tai, the Yellow River, Confucius Temple, Qingdao Beach and so on. Every year, millions of people come to visit Shandong. If you come to Shandong, you can't miss the delicious food. There are many kinds of local food here. Rizhao seafood is very fresh. Jining pancake is crispy and delicious. Dezhou braised chicken is famous all over China. Zibo barbecue is very popular now. Weifang kites are world-famous. Every year, there is a big kite festival in Weifang. Many people from all over the world come to take part in it. Everyone who comes to Shandong says it is a wonderful place. There is always something interesting to see and something delicious to eat. Welcome to Shandong! 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 ( ) 1. How many famous places are mentioned (提到) in the passage? A. Three B. Four C. Five D. Six ( ) 2. What is famous all over China according to the passage? A. Dezhou braised chicken B. Jining pancake C. Rizhao seafood D. Zibo barbecue ( ) 3. The underlined word "millions of" means ______ in Chinese. A. 数百 B. 数千 C. 数百万 D. 几十 ( ) 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. There is a big kite festival in Qingdao every year. B. Only Chinese people come to visit Shandong every year. C. You can see something interesting and eat delicious food in Shandong. D. Shandong is in the south of China. ( ) 5. What's the main idea of the passage? A. The delicious food in Shandong. B. The famous places in Shandong. C. The Weifang Kite Festival. D. An introduction to Shandong. 答案与解析 考点一 考点再现： 一、1. This 2. those 3. this; that 4. These 二、1. C 2. B 3. B 过关训练： 一、1. This→These 2. That→Those 3. that→it 4. I am→this is 5. These→This 二、1. These are new models of the Huanghe Lou. 2.That is my photo from Qingdao Beach. 3.Yes, they are. 4.No, it isn't. 考点二 考点再现： 一、1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C 二、1. visitors 2. am 3. has 4. a little 过关训练： 一、1. 第二个some→any 2. much→many 3. answer→answers / Both→Either / is→are 4. a little→a few 5. other→another 二、1. Both 2. Neither 3. a little 4. any 5. All 考点三 考点再现： 一、1. Someone/Somebody 2. nothing 3. anything 4. Everyone/Everybody 二、1. A 2. B 3. B 过关训练： 一、1. are→is 2. interesting something→something interesting 3. isn't→is / nothing→anything 4. something→anything 5. know→knows 二、1. I don't have anything to tell you. 2.Is everyone here? Is there anything wrong with your radio? 考点四 考点再现： 1.A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 过关训练： 1.These are my new cameras. 2.That is a beautiful flower. 3.Do you have anything to tell me? 4.Neither of them is from Heze. 5.How many people are there in the park? 一、单项选择。 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.B 【解析】 1.第一空单数近指用This，第二空复数远指用Those，故选A。 2.打电话场景，介绍自己用this is，询问对方用is that，故选B。 3.比较结构中，替代不可数名词weather用that，故选C。 4.表请求建议的疑问句用some，故选B。 5.修饰不可数名词milk，且表肯定含义“有一点”，用a little，故选B。 6.指代两者（爸爸和妈妈），表“两者都”用both，故选A。 7.指代两者中的任意一个，谓语动词是单数is，用either，故选B。 8.修饰可数名词复数tourists，用many，故选B。 9.表“另一双（三者及以上）”，用another，故选C。 10.肯定句中表“某物出问题了”，用something，固定句型something is wrong with...，故选A。 11.复合不定代词everyone作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数wants，故选B。 12.疑问句中用anything，形容词修饰复合不定代词要后置，故选D。 13.疑问句中用anyone；根据后文“所有学生都在操场”，可知教室里没人，用nobody，故选B。 14.修饰不可数名词time，表否定含义“几乎没有”，用little，故选A。 15.固定结构some...others... 一些……另一些……，故选B。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.These 2. visitors 3. is 4. has 5. nothing 6. some 7. likes 8. little 9. those 10. yourselves 【解析】 1.谓语动词是are，用this的复数形式these，句首首字母大写。 2.many后接可数名词复数，visit的名词复数形式visitors（游客）。 3.neither...nor...遵循就近原则，离谓语最近的主语是he，be动词用is。 4.each作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数has。 5.根据后文“它是空的”，可知盒子里什么都没有，用nothing。 6.表请求建议的疑问句用some。 7.复合不定代词everyone作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数likes。 8.根据后文“去买一些”，可知瓶子里几乎没有水了，用little。 9.比较结构中，替代复数名词apples用those。 10.固定搭配help oneself to sth.，主语children是复数，反身代词用yourselves。 三、句型转换 1.同义句转换 (1) is mine (2) Not only; but also; is (3) a bit of (4) so; that (5) don't; anything 【解析】 (1) 解析：考查形容词性物主代词 ↔ 名词性物主代词转换。my（形容词性）+ 名词 = mine（名词性，单独使用）。句型：This is my + 名词 = This + 名词 + is mine。 (2) 解析：考查 both...and...（两者都） 与 not only...but also...（不但…… 而且……） 同义转换。not only...but also... 遵循就近原则，靠近谓语的主语是 Lucy（单数），因此 be 动词用is。 (3) 解析：考查 a little（一点，修饰不可数名词） = a bit of（一点，修饰不可数名词）。milk 是不可数名词，两者可互换。 (4) 解析：考查 too...to...（太…… 而不能……） 与 so...that...（如此…… 以至于……） 同义句转换。too...to... 本身含否定，转换为 so...that + 否定句。 (5)解析：考查 nothing（没有什么） = not...anything。nothing = not anything，是山东小升初高频否定转换考点。 2.句型转换 (1) These are beautiful kites from Weifang. (2) That is my photo from Mount Lao. (3) I don't have anything important to tell you. (4) Neither of the answers is correct. (5) How many people are there in the Daming Lake? 【解析】 (1) 解析：指示代词单数→复数：This → These, be 动词单数→复数：is → are,名词单数→复数：kite → kites,去掉不定冠词 a。 (2) 解析：指示代词复数→单数：Those → That, be 动词复数→单数：are → is, 名词复数→单数：photos → photo。 (3)解析：肯定句→否定句：something → anything, 一般现在时加助动词 don't，后面动词用原形 have。形容词修饰不定代词后置不变。 (4) 解析：both（两者都）→ 否定为 neither（两者都不）。neither of 作主语，谓语动词用单数，因此 are → is。 (5) 解析：对数量（many）提问用 How many + 可数名词复数。保持 there be 句型疑问语序：are there。 四、完形填空。 1.A 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.A 【解析】 1.固定句型there be，表“有”，故选A。 2.指代父母两者，表“两者都”用both，故选A。 3.空格后有名词students，用形容词性物主代词their，故选B。 4.修饰可数名词复数toys，表“许多”用many，故选B。 5.空格后无名词，表“其他人”用others，故选B。 6.指代天气，用it，故选A。 7.修饰可数名词复数photos，用a lot of（许多），故选C。 8.肯定句中表“一些”，修饰可数名词复数students，用some，故选A。 9.指代“我们所有人（三者及以上）”，用all，故选B。 10.肯定句中表“一些有趣的事”，用something，故选A。 五、阅读理解。 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.D 【解析】 1.文中提到的著名景点有Mount Tai, the Yellow River, Confucius Temple, Qingdao Beach，共4个，还有Weifang风筝节相关，核心景点5个，故选C。 2.根据原文“Dezhou braised chicken is famous all over China.”，故选A。 3.millions of 意为“数百万的”，故选C。 4.根据原文“There is always something interesting to see and something delicious to eat.”，可知C选项正确；A选项风筝节在潍坊，不是青岛；B选项有世界各地的人来山东；D选项山东在中国东部，不是南部。 5.全文主要介绍了山东的景点、美食、文化，是对山东的整体介绍，故选D。 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $