17：语篇首字母填空题（题型透视）（全国通用）-2026中考英语巅峰冲刺急救包

第17讲 语篇首字母题 · 模块一 语篇首字母填空题考点透视 · 模块一 语篇首字母填空题解题策略 · 模块三 名校模考题特训 · 模块四 中考真题特训 模块一 语篇首字母填空题考点透视 中考首字母填空是难度较大的一种题型。该题要求是根据句意和已给出的首字母，在句子的空白处填上适当的单词，使句子意思完整，语法正确的一种题型。该题型既考查学生的单词记忆和拼写能力，又考查学生对句子的理解和运用能力。 文章篇幅与体裁：通常是一篇 260 词左右的短文，体裁以记叙文或说明文为主。记叙文可能讲述一个有趣的故事、个人经历或人物传记等；说明文常介绍一些科普知识、文化现象、生活常识等。 题目设置：所缺单词首字母已给出。这些单词涵盖名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、介词、连词等各类词性，考查学生对词汇、语法、语境的综合运用能力。 中考英语首字母填空综合性较强，需要学生在词汇、语法、语境理解等方面都有扎实的基础和较强的运用能力，通过不断地积累和练习，才能提高答题的准确性和效率。 词汇积累与运用 1. 熟练掌握大纲词汇，能根据上下文判断一词多义、熟词生义的具体含义并正确拼写； 2. 具备近义词、反义词、同根词、派生词的辨析能力，能通过词根、词缀（如前缀 un-）进行合理词形变形。 语法知识 1. 正确运用基础语法规则，包括名词单复数、动词时态 / 语态、形容词 / 副词比较级与最高级、代词主格 / 宾格 / 物主代词； 2. 掌握从句引导词、关系代词 / 副词的选择，能根据句子结构判断非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的用法。 固定搭配与习惯用语 1. 记忆并运用常见固定搭配，如动词短语（be good at）、介词短语（look forward to）、形容词短语（pay attention to）； 2. 熟悉英语习惯用语与俗语，能在具体语境中运用（如 it's time for sb. to do sth.、as soon as possible）。 语境理解与逻辑推理 1. 能根据上下文线索（近义词、反义词、解释、举例、因果关系等），推断空格单词的含义与词性； 2. 具备文章整体理解能力，能把握主旨大意与情节发展，进而填写符合语境的单词。 【解题技巧】 · 通读全文，了解大意 · 跳过空格，快速通读短文，初步了解文章的主题、大致内容和逻辑结构，为后续填词提供一个整体的语境框架。 · 尤其要关注文章的首句和尾句，首句往往能点明文章的主题或引出主要话题，尾句可能对文章进行总结或升华，对理解文章的主旨和确定单词的大致范围有很大帮助。 · 分析语境，确定词性和词义 · 仔细阅读每个空格所在的句子及上下文，根据句子结构和语法规则判断所缺单词的词性，如名词、动词、形容词、副词等。 · 结合上下文的语境线索，如关键词、短语、句子逻辑关系等，推断出所缺单词的含义，缩小选择范围。 · 试填单词，注意语法和拼写 · 根据确定的词性和词义，尝试填写符合要求的单词。在填写过程中，要特别注意单词的语法形式，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。 · 确保所填单词的拼写正确，避免因拼写错误而失分。对于一些不确定的单词，可以先在脑海中搜索与之相关的近义词或反义词，再结合语境进行选择。 · 复读全文，检查核对 · 完成填词后，再通读全文，检查所填单词是否符合文章的语境和逻辑，语法是否正确，拼写是否无误。 · 重点检查上下文的连贯性和一致性，看是否有因单词填写不当而导致的语义不通、逻辑混乱等问题。如果发现问题，及时调整答案。 · 积累词汇和固定搭配 · 平时要注重词汇的积累，通过阅读、背诵单词等方式扩大词汇量，同时要注意对词汇的深度理解和运用，掌握常见的一词多义、熟词生义现象。 · 多积累固定搭配和习惯用语，将其整理成笔记并经常复习，以便在考试中能够快速准确地识别和运用。 模块二 语篇首字母填空题策略 （一）从词性角度判定 (1)填动词  ①若句中缺少谓语，需填动词。  ②情态动词could, have to, can, may, should, must，would等后需填动词原形。 ③在一些动词不定式结构中，文中给出to时，空格处需填动词原形。 如：It‘s＋adj.＋for/ of sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某事是……  seem to do sth. 看起来要做某事；be sure to do sth.一定会做某事  ④在一些动词短语或动词和介词的固定搭配中，需填动词。 如：ask for请求；give up放弃  【示例】 原文片段：Cats might not answer when we talk to them, but they could be listening more carefully than we i____. .解题思路 1. 定词性：空格前为主语 we，后无宾语，需填谓语动词；情态动词 could 后接动词原形，且语境为 “比我们想象的更认真倾听”。 2. 找线索：首字母 i，搭配 “than we i____”，对应动词 imagine（想象），符合逻辑。 答案：imagine 解析：动词原形，情态动词 could 后接动词原形；语境为 “猫倾听比我们想象的更仔细”，符合上下文逻辑。 (2)填名词  ①位于句首，在句中作主语。 ②位于动词或介词后作宾语。如：producing light  ③位于形容词后。  ④位于限定词this, these, those, many, some, any, a lot of等后。  如：these ideas  ⑤位于数词后。如：ten minutes  ⑥其他：位于系动词后作表语；冠词、形容词性物主代词；名词所有格及一些固定搭配中。  【示例】 原文片段：The Sight-bit system works by using cameras at the beach to read the water c ______ carefully .解题思路 1. 定词性：空格前为名词 water（作定语），需填名词；语境为 “系统通过摄像头读取水____”。 2. 找线索：首字母 c，搭配 “water c____”，对应名词 conditions（状况），water conditions（水况）为固定表达，符合 “AI 监测海滩水况” 的主题。 答案：conditions 解析：可数名词复数，泛指 “水的各类状况”，符合语境；为科技类短文常考名词，需注意复数变形。 (3)填连词  若空格前后或空格后是两个完整的句子，则需要考虑使用连词，再结合前后句意。 ①若表示条件关系，用if，unless； ②表示转折关系，用but； ③表示选择关系用or； ④表示因果关系，用because，so等； ⑤表示让步关系，用though，although； ⑥表示时间关系，用when，while，until等。  【示例】 原文片段：This showed that they were confused b ______ they didn’t hear the word they used to hear. 解题思路 1. 定词性：空格前后为两个完整句子，需填连词；前句 “猫感到困惑”，后句 “没听到熟悉的单词”，为因果关系（前果后因）。 2. 找线索：首字母 b，对应连词 because（因为），解释猫困惑的原因。 答案：because 解析：从属连词，引导原因状语从句；语境为 “猫困惑是因为没听到熟悉的单词”，符合逻辑，为中考基础连词考点。 (4)填形容词  ①位于系动词后作表语。如：seem very small  ②位于名词前作定语。如：their own problem  ③位于复合不定代词之后。  ④位于宾语之后作宾补，常与make，leave，keep 等动词连用。  【示例】 原文片段：While listening, the cats saw pictures on a screen, such as a red sun or a w_______ horse. 解题思路 1. 定词性：空格后为名词 horse，需填形容词作定语；语境为 “屏幕上的图片，比如红日或____马”。 2. 找线索：首字母 w，与 red sun 并列，对应形容词 white（白色的），符合 “描述马的颜色” 的逻辑。 答案：white 解析：形容词，修饰名词 horse；与前面的 red sun 并列，均为描述事物颜色的形容词，符合语境。 (5)填副词  ①修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。  ②位于句首作状语，修饰整个句子。  ③实义动词之前或助动词、情态动词之后常用频度副词。 ④在问句中且设空处位于句首，可考虑使用疑问副词  【示例】 原文片段：Some people know about him s __________ because of the performance called YangBOT at the 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala. 解题思路 1. 定词性：空格后为动词短语 because of，需填副词修饰整个短语；语境为 “有些人____因为 2025 央视春晚的 YangBOT 表演认识他”。 2. 找线索：首字母 s，对应副词 simply（仅仅、只），符合 “仅因春晚表演被熟知” 的语境。 答案：simply 解析：副词，修饰介词短语 because of；语境为 “有些人仅仅因为 2025 年央视春晚的 YangBOT 表演认识他”，符合上下文逻辑。 （二） 从语法考查角度分析 1. 名词：单复数形式, 所有格的用法 September 10th is Teachers’ Day. In autumn after a strong wind, the ground is often covered with fallen leaves. 【示例】 原文片段：Many teenagers have difficulty in making their own c① when they face problems. · 语法判定：空格前有their own（他们自己的），后缺名词；且固定搭配make choices。 · 线索：首字母 c，结合语境 “做选择”。 · 语法要点：可数名词，their 提示用复数。 答案：choices 解析：choice 为可数名词，their 暗示复数，词尾加 s；固定短语 make choices 做选择。 2. 动词：时态，语态的变化 We could not run faster than cheetahs,so we invented cars and now we can move the fastest. When you laugh ,you will open your mouth and your teeth. 【示例】 原文片段：He f ① off his bike and hurt his leg badly yesterday. · 语法判定：and 连接并列谓语，hurt 为过去式，提示时态为一般过去时。 · 线索：首字母 f，固定短语 fall off 从…… 摔下。 答案：fell 解析：fall 的过去式为 fell；yesterday 明确过去时间，必须用动词过去式。 3. 形容词、副词：比较等级的用法 Last Sunday，we played happily in the park, though we were very tired. Summer is the hottest season of the year. 【示例】 原文片段：The more you read, the w① your knowledge will be. · 语法判定：the + 比较级，the + 比较级 固定句型。 · 线索：首字母 w，形容知识 “更宽广”。 答案：wider 解析：wide 的比较级为 wider；句型表示 “越…… 就越……”。 4. 代词：单复数 人称代词 反身代词 指示代词 关系代词 不定代词 等的用法 Help yourself to some fish，Jim. Mrs Green said to the twins .”Help yourselves to some fish please. ” This book belongs to Mary. It is hers. 【示例】 原文片段：My sister and I planted the apple tree by o① last weekend. · 语法判定：固定结构 by oneself 独自；主语是复数。 · 线索：首字母 o，反身代词复数。 答案：ourselves 解析：by ourselves 我们自己；主语 My sister and I 为复数，故用 ourselves。 5. 连词：并列与从属连词的用法 For years, we played other people’s songs, but now we play mostly our own songs. She didn’t go to school yesterday ,because she was ill. 【示例】 原文片段：I didn’t go to the park b① it rained heavily. · 语法判定：前后两个完整分句，后句表原因，用从属连词。 · 线索：首字母 b，引导原因状语从句。 答案：because 解析：because 引导原因状语从句，说明没去公园的理由。 模块三 名校模考题特训 1.（2026·江苏扬州·一模）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。 (每空一词) My trip to Yangzhou came in April, and I w 1 about the crowds. I am not a fan of visiting tourist attractions on holidays, because there are always too many people around. L 2 , my two-day trip to Yangzhou was full of joy. My friend and I took a bus from Yangzhou Railway Station to the downtown area, where most tourist attractions were. Spring painted the city in rich c 3 , with different kinds of flowers blooming everywhere, just like beautiful pictures. The Slender West Lake, one of the most famous places of interest there, was our first stop. The park, lined with willow trees, pagodas and loads of history, has enough to keep a visitor b 4 for the whole day. People say some parts of the lake are so n 5 that you can hear others’ words on the other side, just the slim shape that gives it the name the Slender West Lake. However, I could hardly hear my friend because of the crowds around us. The Five-Pavilion Bridge, built o 6 the lake about 500 years ago, is a famous symbol of Yangzhou. It is always popular with visitors. Standing on the bridge, we e 7 beautiful lake views and fresh air. Yangzhou is also famous for its gardens. We visited He Garden. Built in the Qing Dynasty, it is kept in good condition today. There are many delicate gardens and buildings inside, just like a small maze. A 8 it has some Western-style designs, it mainly shows the traditional beauty of the late Qing Dynasty. It was better to f 9 a guide so that we could learn about its history and enjoy its beauty more. Walking along the corridor, I heard a boy say loudly to his mother, “How I wish I could live in such a beautiful house!” At that moment, I t 10 to myself, “How I wish I could live in such a lovely city!” 【答案】 1．worried/orried 2．luckily/uckily 3．colors/olors 4．busy/usy 5．narrow/arrow 6．over/ver 7．enjoyed/njoyed 8．Although/lthough 9．follow/ollow/find/ind 10．thought/hought 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己扬州两日游的经历。 1．句意：我的扬州之旅在四月，我担心拥挤。根据“I am not a fan of visiting tourist attractions on holidays, because there are always too many people around.”和首字母提示可知，此处考查固定短语worry about，意为“担心”，此处叙述的是过去的事情，句子是一般过去时，动词要用过去式，worry的过去式是worried。 2．句意：幸运的是，我两天的扬州之旅充满了欢乐。根据“my two-day trip to Yangzhou was full of joy”和首字母提示，可知此处是Luckily，意为“幸运地”，是副词修饰整个句子，作状语，句首单词的首字母要大写。 3．句意：春天为这座城市涂上了丰富的色彩，各种各样的花朵到处盛开，就像美丽的图画。根据“different kinds of flowers blooming everywhere”和首字母提示，此处是colors，意为“颜色”，是名词color的复数形式，根据空前的“rich”，可知此处不止一种颜色，用其复数形式。 4．句意：这座公园两旁是柳树、宝塔和丰富的历史，足以让游客忙碌一整天。根据“The park, lined with willow trees, pagodas and loads of history”和首字母提示可知，此处busy，意为“忙碌的”。符合“公园内容丰富，游客一整天都有事可做”的语境。 5．句意：人们说湖的某些地方非常窄，你能听到对岸的人说话，正是这种纤细的形状让它得名“瘦西湖”。后文提到“能听到对岸的说话声”和“slim shape”，说明湖的部分区域很窄，结合首字母提示，此处填narrow，意为“狭窄的”。 6．句意：五亭桥大约在500年前建在湖上，是扬州的著名象征。桥是建在湖面上方的，结合首字母提示，此处是over，意为“在……上方”，符合桥与湖的位置关系。 7．句意：站在桥上，我们享受美丽的湖景和清新的空气。结合语境，站在桥上的动作是“享受”湖景和空气，全文为过去时态，因此用enjoy的过去式enjoyed，意为“享受”。 8．句意：尽管它有一些西式设计，但主要展现了晚清的传统美。前后句是让步关系，“有西式设计”和“展现传统美”形成转折，根据首字母提示，此处是Although引导的让步状语从句，意为“虽然、尽管”，位于句首，首字母大写。 9．句意：最好跟随/找一位导游，这样我们就能了解它的历史，更好地欣赏它的美。根据空后的“guide”可知，此处用follow a guide，意为“跟着导游”或find a guide，意为“找一位导游”均可，it is/was better to do sth.是固定句型，其中it是形式主语，不定式是真正主语，“to+动词原形”构成动词不定式。 10．那一刻，我暗自想：“我多么希望能住在这么可爱的城市里啊！”此处考查固定搭配think to oneself，意为“心里想、暗自思忖”，全文为过去时态，因此用think的过去式thought。 2.（2026·山东东营·一模）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 Last Friday, I had an unforgettable experience on my w 11 home after school. The sky suddenly turned dark and it began to r 12 heavily. I had to take out my umbrella and walk quickly. However, I saw an old woman standing at the street corner without any rain gear. She looked worried and tried to cover her head with a thin bag. I thought for a moment and then walked t 13 her. She was old and her legs looked weak. I asked her if she needed any h 14 . She nodded and told me that she wanted to cross the street to buy some medicine for her sick husband, but the heavy rain made it d 15 for her to walk safely. I decided to help her. I held my umbrella over her head and helped her c 16 the street carefully. We walked s 17 step by step. On the way, she thanked me again and again and said I was a k 18 boy. I felt a little shy but really happy. After we got to the medicine shop, I said goodbye to her. She smiled at me and her warm smile made my heart full of sunshine. Although I got wet a little, I never felt so glad. This small thing taught me a valuable l 19 in my life. We should always be ready to help people in need. Kindness is the most beautiful sunshine in the world, and it will stay in our h 20 forever. From that day on, I try my best to help others whenever I can. Helping others is not only good for them but also brings us joy and warmth. It makes the world a better and warmer place to live in. Even small acts of kindness can make a big difference to someone’s life. 【答案】 11．way/ay 12．rain/ain 13．towards/owards 14．help/elp 15．difficult/ifficult 16．cross/ross 17．slowly/lowly 18．kind/ind 19．lesson/esson 20．hearts/earts 【导语】本文讲述了作者在放学回家的路上，遇到一位没有雨具的老妇人，主动撑伞帮助她过马路去买药。虽然自己被淋湿了一点，但内心充满了快乐和阳光，从而感悟到善良是世界上最美的阳光，我们应该乐于助人。 11．句意：上周五，我在放学回家的路上有一次难忘的经历。根据首字母及语境可知，此处指“在回家的路上”， on one’s way home是固定短语。 12．句意：天空突然变暗，开始下大雨。根据首字母及前文“sky suddenly turned dark”可知，此处指“下雨”，begin to do sth.意为“开始做某事”。故填动词原形rain。 13．句意：我想了一会儿，然后朝她走去。根据首字母及语境可知，作者看到老妇人后向她走去，walk towards sb.意为“朝某人走去”。 14．句意：我问她是否需要帮助。根据首字母及下文“She nodded and told me...”可知，作者询问是否需要帮助，help符合语境。 15．句意：但大雨使她难以安全行走。根据首字母及句意，大雨使过马路变得困难，difficult符合语境，make it difficult for sb. to do sth.意为“使某人做某事变得困难”。 16．句意：我把伞举过她的头顶，小心翼翼地帮她过马路。根据首字母及前文“wanted to cross the street”可知，此处指“过马路”，help sb. do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，动词用原形。 17．句意：我们慢慢地一步一步走着。根据首字母及下文“step by step”可知，描述走得慢，修饰动词walked要用副词slowly。 18．句意：路上，她一再感谢我，说我是个善良的男孩。根据首字母及上下文，老奶奶感谢作者，认为他是善良的，kind符合语境。 19．句意：这件小事教会了我人生中宝贵的一课。根据首字母及上文“taught me a valuable...”可知，指“一课/一个教训”。 20．句意：善良是世界上最美丽的阳光，它将永远留在我们的心中。根据首字母及句意，善良会留在心里，in our hearts为常用表达。 3.（2026·天津和平·一模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Have you ever tried something so spicy (辛辣的) that it made your mouth tingle (刺痛)? That’s what happens when you eat Sichuan Hot Pot! This famous dish is not only delicious but also a lot of fun to eat. Let’s go into the world of Sichuan Hot Pot and d 21 why it’s so amazing. Sichuan Hot Pot comes from Sichuan Province, a place known for its spicy flavours. The people in Sichuan love to put lots of chili peppers (辣椒) and Sichuan peppercorns (干胡椒) into their food. Hot pot has been a favourite dish there for many years and has now s 22 all over China and even to other countries. One of the best things about Sichuan Hot Pot is that it brings people closer. When you eat hot pot, you get t 23 around a big pot of bubbling, spicy broth (汤) with your family and friends. Everyone gets to cook their own food in the pot. You can choose from all kinds of food like meat, v 24 , tofu, and noodles. It’s so much fun to pick w 25 you want to eat and watch it cook right in front of you. The broth in Sichuan Hot Pot is what makes it so p 26 with people of all ages. It’s made with lots of spices (香料), i 27 chili peppers and Sichuan peppercorns. These spices make the broth very hot and give it a unique numbing sensation (麻感). When your food is c 28 , you use chopsticks to take it out of the pot and dip (蘸) it in a tasty sauce (酱). Some people might find it too spicy, but if you enjoy a little heat, you will love it! Eating Sichuan Hot Pot is a wonderful e 29 . It’s not just about the tasty food but also about s 30 time with people you care about. It’s a time to talk, laugh, and enjoy a meal together. 【答案】 21．discover/iscover    22．spread/pread 23．together/ogether 24．vegetables/egetables 25．what/hat/whatever/hatever 26．popular/opular 27．including/ncluding 28．cooked/ooked 29．experience/xperience 30．spending/pending 【导语】本文介绍了四川火锅的起源、特色食材与吃法，说明其受欢迎的原因，并指出吃火锅是分享快乐、增进感情的美好体验。 21．句意：让我们走进四川火锅的世界，发现它为何如此令人惊叹。结合前文“go into the world of Sichuan Hot Pot”及首字母d，此处对应动词discover“发现”，指探索火锅的魅力。 22．句意：火锅多年来一直是当地的喜爱菜品，如今已传遍中国甚至其他国家。结合“all over China and even to other countries”及首字母s，此处对应动词spread“传播”，指火锅的流行范围扩大。 23．句意：你和家人朋友围坐在冒着泡泡的辛辣汤锅旁。结合“around a big pot...with your family and friends”及首字母t，此处对应副词together“一起”，指人们聚集就餐的状态。 24．句意：你可以选择各种食物，比如肉、蔬菜、豆腐和面条。结合“all kinds of food like meat...tofu, and noodles”及首字母v，此处对应名词vegetables“蔬菜”，指火锅食材的一种。 25．句意：挑选你想吃的东西/任何东西并看着它在眼前煮熟，非常有趣。结合“you want to eat”及首字母w，此处对应疑问代词what“什么”/whatever“无论什么”，引导宾语从句，指想吃的食物。 26．句意：四川火锅的汤底让它受各年龄段的人欢迎。结合“with people of all ages”及首字母p，此处对应形容词popular“受欢迎的”，指汤底的吸引力。 27．句意：它由多种香料制成，包括辣椒和花椒。结合“lots of spices...chili peppers and Sichuan peppercorns”及首字母i，此处对应介词including“包括”，列举汤底的香料成分。 28．句意：当食物煮熟后，你用筷子夹出来蘸上美味的酱料。结合“watch it cook right in front of you”及首字母c，此处对应形容词cooked“煮熟的”，指食物烹饪完成的状态。 29．句意：吃四川火锅是一次美妙的体验。结合“not just about the tasty food but also about...time with people”可知，此处指吃火锅的整体感受，对应名词experience“体验”。 30．句意：它不仅关乎美味的食物，还关乎与你在乎的人共度时光。结合“time with people you care about”及首字母s，此处对应动词spending“度过”（与about搭配用动名词形式），指陪伴他人的时光。 4.（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 How can the classic literature be kept alive in the digital age Wu Yaduo, a 17-year-old high school student from Chengdu, Sichuan, offers her answer. Using her iPad and artistic brushstrokes, Wu turns stories from classical literature—A Dream of Red Mansions, Water Margin and the lives of f 31 poets like Li Bai from the Tang Dynasty, into animated, hand-drawn videos. Her videos have a 32 thousands of followers and millions of views online. To Wu, these w 33 are timeless because they explore human emotions and lasting social themes. Wu Yaduo decided to start with texts from high school Chinese textbooks after n 34 that many students aren’t interested in literature simply because they have to learn it for school. In her videos, Wu focuses on bringing text and sound elements t 35 . For example, her adaptation (改编) of A Dream of Red Mansions was inspired by a s 36 with a sad tone (音调) from a Chinese band. “The line ‘one flower, one leaf, one spring tree’ made me decide to first d 37 a Daguanyuan, which is an important setting in A Dream of Red Mansions, followed by a sad scene after the family’s downfall. I presented both images at the same time to c 38 a sense of pain and shock,” she added. Wu avoids telling tales in a traditional way; she wants her work to be “spicy”. Her special m 39 has received a lot of support from those around her. However, Wu still has regrets about her work. She finds it i 40 to perfectly translate the vivid images in her mind into art. But she still always looks forward to her next piece. 【答案】 31．famous/amous 32．attracted/ttracted 33．works/orks 34．noticing/oticing 35．together/ogether 36．song/ong 37．draw/raw 38．create/reate 39．method/ethod 40．impossible/mpossible 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述四川成都17岁高中生吴雅朵用iPad将经典文学改编成手绘动画视频，让经典文学在数字时代焕发生机的故事。 31．句意：吴雅朵将经典文学故事——《红楼梦》《水浒传》，以及唐代像李白这样的著名诗人的生平，做成手绘动画视频。此处修饰名词“poets”，需填形容词；结合“Li Bai”，李白是著名诗人。故填famous。 32．句意：她的视频在网上吸引了数千名粉丝和数百万次观看。句子是现在完成时，此处需填动词过去分词；结合“followers and views”可知，此处表示“吸引”。故填attracted。 33．句意：对吴雅朵来说，这些作品是永恒的，因为它们探索了人类情感和持久的社会主题。此处作主语，需填名词；结合“these”可知，填复数形式，指代前文的文学作品。故填works。 34．句意：吴雅朵决定从高中语文课本的文本开始，因为她注意到很多学生对文学不感兴趣，只是因为他们是为了上学而不得不学。“after”是介词，后接动名词；结合“after n...that many students aren’t interested in literature simply because they have to learn it for school.”可知，此处表示“注意到”。故填noticing。 35．句意：在她的视频中，吴雅朵专注于将文本和声音元素结合起来。此处修饰动词“bring”，需填副词；“bring...together”是固定搭配，意为“将……结合”。故填together。 36．句意：例如，她改编的《红楼梦》灵感来自一个中国乐队的一首悲伤曲调的歌曲。此处前有“a”，需填名词单数；结合“sad tone from a Chinese band”可知，此处表示“歌曲”。故填song。 37．句意：“一花一叶一春树”这句诗让我决定先画大观园——《红楼梦》里的一个重要场景。“decide to do”是固定搭配，此处需填动词原形；结合“hand-drawn videos”可知，此处表示“画”。故填draw。 38．句意：我同时呈现这两个画面，以营造一种痛苦和震撼的感觉。“to”后接动词原形表目的，此处需填动词；结合“a sense of pain and shock”可知，此处表示“营造”。故填create。 39．句意：她独特的方法得到了周围人的大量支持。此处前有“special”，需填名词；结合“avoids telling tales in a traditional way”可知，此处表示“方法”。故填method。 40．句意：她发现很难将脑海中生动的画面完美地转化为艺术。“find it + 形容词 + to do”是固定结构，此处需填形容词；结合“regrets about her work”可知，此处表示“不可能的”。故填impossible。 5.（2025·天津·模拟预测）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 We always think the first impression (印象) is of great importance in life. However, is the first impression really worth being trusted? In my opinion, that is probably not the f 41 . A first impression is the first judgement (判断) we make about a person. The forming of first impressions may depend on direct feelings, b 42 there is not enough information about one person. In some way, it is also influenced by our personal experiences or our emotions (情绪). So I t 43 the first impression is inaccurate (不准确的). While a good first impression is connected with whether we will be allowed to enter a school or a company, short information a 44 a person may make the first impression important. What’s more, the first impressions of some candidates (候选人) are not good, but they turn out to perform (表现) w 45 after they enter a school or a company. So I do believe some opinions about first impressions should be changed. My middle school math teacher was in his early twenties when he began to t 46 us. At first, I thought the experienced elder math teacher in the neighbouring class must be more excellent than him. However, the y 47 teacher was hardworking and spent long hours preparing lessons every day. It wasn’t l 48 before we saw him as an excellent teacher. With his encouragement, I also became confident in math and made progress. I was sorry for my wrong first impression of him. From this story, I have r 49 that emotions and stereotypes (刻板印象) can both influence our judgement of people. The first impression should never be the only s 50 of judgement about a person. 【答案】 41．(f)act 42．(b)ecause 43．(t)hink 44．(a)bout 45．(w)ell 46．(t)each 47．(y)oung 48．(l)ong 49．(r)ealized 50．(s)tandard 【导语】本文主要探讨了第一印象的问题。作者认为第一印象因信息不足、受个人经历和情绪影响而不准确，虽在入学或求职等场景重要，但有些第一印象不好的人后续表现却很好，还通过自己中学数学老师的例子，说明不应仅依据第一印象评判他人，情绪和刻板印象会干扰判断。 41．句意：在我看来，这或许并非事实。根据“However, is the first impression really worth being trusted?”可知，作者对第一印象的重要提出质疑，设空处句子表达作者对其的否定态度，结合首字母提示，“fact”意为“事实”符合语境，“not the fact”意为“并非事实”。故填(f)act。 42．句意：第一印象的形成可能依赖于直接感受，因为我们对一个人了解的信息并不充足。根据“The forming of first impressions may depend on direct feelings”和“there is not enough information about one person”句意可知，前后存在因果关系，后者是原因，“because”引导原因状语从句。故填(b)ecause。 43．句意：所以我认为第一印象是不准确的。根据“the first impression is inaccurate”可知，此句是作者进一步阐述自己的想法，主语“I”是第一人称，句子时态为一般现在时，结合首字母提示，动词“think”表示“认为” 符合语境。故填(t)hink。 44．句意：尽管良好的第一印象关系到我们能否进入一所学校或一家公司，关于一个人的有限信息可能会让第一印象变得重要。根据“short information... a person”可知，此处表达的应是“关于一个人的信息”，“about”意为“关于”符合语境。故填(a)bout。 45．句意：而且，一些候选人的第一印象并不好，但他们进入学校或公司后却表现出色。“perform”是动词，需要副词修饰；“but”表转折，说明候选人虽第一印象不好，但进入学校或公司后表现“好”，副词“well”意为 “好地”，符合语境。故填(w)ell。 46．句意：我的中学数学老师刚开始教我们时才二十出头。“began to”后接动词原形，这里表示老师开始 “教”我们，“teach”符合语境。故填(t)each。 47．句意：然而，这位年轻老师工作勤奋，每天都花大量时间备课。根据“in his early twenties”和“elder math teacher”可知，对比隔壁班经验丰富的老教师，这位“年轻的”老师很勤奋，“young”符合语境。故填(y)oung。 48．句意：没过多久，我们就把他视为一位出色的老师。“It wasn’t long before...”是固定句型，意为“没过多久就……”，这里表示没过多久我们就认可他是出色的老师了。故填(l)ong。 49．句意：从这个故事中，我意识到情绪和刻板印象都会影响我们对他人的判断。根据语境和“have”可知，此句时态是现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，表达“从这个故事中，我意识到……”，动词“realize”的过去分词 “realized”符合语境。故填(r)ealized。 50．句意：第一印象绝不应该成为评判一个人的唯一标准。根据“judgement about a person”和首字母提示可知，这里表示评判“标准”，“standard”符合文意。故填(s)tandard。 模块四 中考真题特训 1.（2025·山东东营·中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 Squeaky, a little grey mouse, lived in a dark hole with his mother. One day he came running to his mother. He was so scared that his tail shook. “Oh, Squeaky,” said his mother. “What has happened? W 1 do you shake so?” “Mom,” answered Squeaky, “I have been out to see the world. Because I was bored with staying in our little dark h 2 , I went to the yard. There I saw a beautiful animal which looked a little like me.” “Looks like you?” said Mother Mouse. “Yes, Mom,” said Squeaky. “It really does. It has a grey coat that is like m 3 , but it is much bigger. It looked so kind.” Mother Mouse cried, “Oh! Dear Squeaky! That is the terrible cat. She does like little mice. She likes to e 4 them. I hope you didn’t talk to her?” “No, Mom,” said Squeaky. “I did not have time. Because just then I saw a 5 animal. How terrible! He has a long, sharp (尖的) nose. He looked very fierce (凶猛的).” Mother Mouse thought and thought. What animal could that be? It m 6 be some terrible animal she had never seen. But Squeaky went on talking. “He has something red on top of his head and he has o 7 two legs. He made a terrible noise. Cock-a-doodle-do! I ran away!” Then Mother laughed and cried, “That’s the rooster (公鸡). He would not h 8 a poor little mouse.” “But, Mom,” he said, “the cat looked so kind, a 9 the rooster looked so fierce. How could I tell (辨别) which one would hurt me?” Mother Mouse said, “Remember, Squeaky, it is never s 10 to talk to strange animals. You can’t tell by their looks which ones are kind.” 【答案】 1．Why/hy 2．hole/ole 3．mine/ine 4．eat/at 5．another/nother 6．might/ight 7．only/nly 8．hurt/urt 9．and/nd 10．safe/afe 【导语】本文讲述了小灰鼠吱吱外出遇猫和公鸡后，妈妈告诫它不能凭外表判断动物是否友善、勿与陌生动物交谈。 1．句意：你为什么抖得这么厉害？根据“What has happened?”以及“do you shake so?”可知，此处是询问原因，使用why引导特殊疑问句，句首首字母大写。故填Why。 2．句意：因为我厌倦了待在我们黑暗的小洞里，我去了院子。根据“Because I was bored with staying in our little dark”以及首字母提示可知，此处指待在黑暗的小洞里，hole“洞，名词，此处用单数形式。故填hole。 3．句意：它有和我一样的灰色皮毛，但它要大得多。根据“It has a grey coat that is like”以及首字母提示可知，此处指和我的皮毛一样，mine“我的”，名词性物主代词，相当于my coat，符合语境。故填mine。 4．句意：她喜欢吃它们。根据“She does like little mice.”以及首字母提示可知，猫喜欢吃老鼠，eat“吃”，动词，like to do sth.“喜欢做某事”，所以此处使用动词原形。故填eat。 5．句意：因为就在那时，我看到了另一种动物。根据“Because just then I saw...animal.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指看到了另一种动物，another“另一个”，修饰名词animal，符合语境。故填another。 6．句意：那可能是她从未见过的可怕动物。根据“What animal could that be? It...be some terrible animal she had never seen.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指那“可能”是一种可怕的动物，此处表示“推测”，使用might“可能”。故填might。 7．句意：他头上顶着一些红色的东西，而且他只有两条腿。根据“He has something red on top of his head and he has...two legs.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指只有两条腿，only“只有”，副词，符合语境。故填only。 8．句意：他不会伤害可怜的小老鼠的。根据“That’s the rooster (公鸡). He would not...a poor little mouse.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指公鸡不会伤害小老鼠，hurt“伤害”，动词，would not后接动词原形。故填hurt。 9．句意：猫看起来很和善，公鸡看起来很凶猛。根据“the cat looked so kind, ...the rooster looked so fierce.”以及首字母提示可知，此处前后句是并列关系，and“和”。故填and。 10．句意：记住，吱吱，和陌生的动物说话从来都不安全。根据“Remember, Squeaky, it is never...to talk to strange animals.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指和陌生动物说话不安全，safe“安全的”，形容词，作表语，符合语境。故填safe。 2.（2025·江苏淮安·中考真题）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整、通顺，每空一词。 Rabbits are small and cute animals with white fur, long ears and soft bodies. Many people keep one as a p 11 at home. But the rabbits in the wild are not the s 12 as those at home. The information below may help you know more about them. What do wild rabbits e 13 ? You may think they like carrots best. However, they would rather choose green plants, such as grass and vegetables. Sometimes, they also eat crops, s 14 farmers may not welcome them. Where do wild rabbits live? Most of them live in the fields, forests or grasslands. They are g 15 at digging holes. They dig underground holes which can provide space from enemies and bad weather. The holes can also be used to store food and raise the y 16 . Also, some wild rabbits may live in the bushes. H 17 do wild rabbits keep safe? They have many enemies, such as foxes and snakes. To survive, they use clever tricks. For example, when other animals hunt them, they will run away in a special way, so they won’t be c 18 easily. Also, their special eyes allow them to notice d 19 from almost every direction. Though they are not very strong, their amazing abilities help them live through the hard conditions in nature. There are also some fun facts about wild rabbits. Can you imagine they can j 20 as high as 2 metres? Their front teeth never stop growing, so they need to chew (咀嚼) every day to stop them from getting too long. Isn’t that amazing? 【答案】 11．(p)et 12．(s)ame 13．(e)at 14．(s)o 15．(g)ood 16．(y)oung 17．(H)ow 18．(c)aught 19．(d)anger/(d)angers 20．(j)ump 【导语】文介绍了野兔的生活习性、栖息地和自我保护方式等有趣知识。根据上下文和首字母提示，我们可以补全空缺的单词，使文章内容完整通顺。 11．句意： 许多人把它当作宠物养在家里。根据“Rabbits”和“keep one as a …”及首字母p可知，家养动物通常称为“宠物”（pet），a后跟单数名词。故填(p)et。 12．句意： 但野外的兔子与家养的兔子不一样。根据“not the …as...”及首字母s可知，此处两者不一样，用“not the same as”表示“和……不一样”，故填(s)ame。 13．句意： 野兔会吃什么？根据“What do wild rabbits … You may think they like carrots best”及首字母e可知，询问它们“吃”（eat）什么，助动词do后跟动词原形，故填(e)at。 14．句意： 它们有时也吃庄稼，所以农民可能不欢迎它们。根据“they also eat crops”和“farmers may not welcome them”及首字母s可知，前后为因果关系，后半句表结果，用so“所以”连接。故填(s)o。 15．句意： 它们擅长挖洞。根据“ar....at digging holes”及首字母g可知，此处指兔子擅长挖洞，固定搭配“be good at”表示“擅长”，故填(g)ood。 16．句意： 洞穴也可用于储存食物和养育幼崽。根据“raise the y…”及首字母y可知，养育对象应为“幼崽”（young），the+形容词表示“一类人”，故填(y)oung。 17．句意： 野兔如何保护自身安全？根据“keep safe”和“They have many enemies, such as foxes and snakes. To survive, they use clever tricks. ”及首字母H可知，此处是询问保护自己的方式，需用“How”，故填(H)ow。 18．句意： 例如，当其他动物猎杀它们时，它们会以一种特殊的方式逃跑，所以它们不会被轻易被抓住。根据“ they will run away in a special way, so they won’t be...”及首字母c可知，逃跑是为了不被抓住，catch“抓住”，be后应跟过去分词caught构成被动语态，故填(c)aught。 19．句意： 而且，它们的特殊眼睛能让它们察觉来自各个方向的危险（事物）。这里讲的是他们保护自己的方式，结合“notice d…”及首字母d可知，此处指它们的眼睛可以关注到周围的危险（事物），danger“危险；危险物；威胁”，既是可数名词又是不可数名词，当表示具体的 “危险的事物、威胁” 时，常以可数形式出现；当表示抽象的 “危险” 概念时，多为不可数 。这里两种均可，作可数名词时，需用复数形式。故填(d)anger/(d)angers。 20．句意： 你能想象它们能跳高达2米吗？根据“as high as 2 metres”及首字母j可知，此处指跳跃（jump）的高度，can后跟动词原形。故填(j)ump。 3.（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。 When people do not get enough food, they cannot grow strong or healthy. We should include plenty of v 21 and other plant-based foods in our diets. They provide necessary nutrients (营养) for our h 22 . Scientists are working hard to make sure that everyone can have e 23 food to eat. They are thinking of all kinds of new ways to g 24 plants. For example, they create plants that can survive in difficult conditions, and use technology to grow fresh food in p 25 like deserts (沙漠). It’s quite challenging for plants to live in deserts because they are very hot, have very l 26 water, and have poor-quality soil. Sometimes there is even salt in the soil, which makes it h 27 for most plants to survive. However, over time, plants have w 28 out clever ways to deal with the challenges of living in the desert. Desert plants have small, narrow leaves or wax layers (蜡层) on their leaves to p 29 themselves from the sun. They also have deep roots (根) that go far into the ground for w 30 . Some plants can take in salt and store it in their cells. 【答案】 21．(v)egetables 22．(h)ealth 23．(e)nough 24．(g)row 25．(p)laces 26．(l)ittle 27．(h)ard/(h)arder 28．(w)orked 29．(p)rotect 30．(w)ater 【导语】本文主要介绍了食物对健康的重要性以及科学家们为解决全球粮食问题而采取的创新方法，特别是如何在极端环境（如沙漠）中种植植物，同时介绍了沙漠植物为了生存而进化出的独特适应机制。 21．句意：我们应该在饮食中包含大量的蔬菜和其他植物性食物。根据“and other plant-based foods in our diets”可知要吃大量的蔬菜，vegetable“蔬菜”，用名词复数。故填(v)egetables。 22．句意：它们为我们的健康提供必要的营养。根据“hey provide necessary nutrients (营养) for our”可知蔬菜可以为我们的健康提供营养，health“健康”，不可数名词。故填(h)ealth。 23．句意：科学家们正在努力确保每个人都能有足够多的食物吃。根据“food to eat”可知是有足够的食物吃，enough“足够的”。故填(e)nough。 24．句意：他们正在想各种新方法来种植植物。根据“they create plants that can survive in difficult conditions”可知在想办法种植植物，grow“种植”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(g)row。 25．句意：他们创造了可以在恶劣条件下生存的植物，并利用技术在像沙漠这样的地方种植新鲜食物。根据“like deserts”可知是在沙漠这样的地方，place“地方”，用名词复数。故填(p)laces。 26．句意：植物在沙漠中生存是非常具有挑战性的，因为沙漠非常炎热，几乎没有水，土壤质量也很差。根据“It’s quite challenging for plants to live in deserts because they are very hot, have very...water”可知沙漠里几乎没有水，little“几乎没有”。故填(l)ittle。 27．句意：有时土壤中甚至有盐，这使得大多数植物很难生存。根据“there is even salt in the soil”可知土壤里有盐，大多数植物在这样的土壤中很难生存，hard“难的”，此处可用形容词原级，也可用比较级。故填(h)ard/(h)arder。 28．句意：然而，随着时间的推移，植物已经想出了应对沙漠生存挑战的巧妙方法。根据“out clever ways”可知是想出了办法，work out“解决，想出”，此处用过去分词和have构成现在完成时。故填(w)orked。 29．句意：沙漠植物的叶子很小、很窄，或者叶子上有蜡层以保护自己免受阳光的伤害。根据“themselves from the sun”可知这些蜡层可以保护它们免受阳光的伤害，protect...from“保护……免受……”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(p)rotect。 30．句意：它们还有深入地下寻找水的深根。根据“They also have deep roots (根) that go far into the ground for”可知根深入地下寻找水，water“水”。故填(w)ater。 4.（2025·天津·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Today the earth is getting warmer and warmer. But hundreds of years a 31 , people had a different problem—a 400-year cold period! From the 1400s to the 1800s, winters in the northern half of the earth were c 32 and longer than they are now. Scientists c 33 this time the “Little Ice Age” (小冰期). The colder weather b 34 many serious problems. Plants died of cold and illness spread among people. People had to spend a lot more time collecting wood for fires to keep their house warm. And sometimes, a h 35 piece of ice would slide down (滑落) a mountain and destroy (摧毁) some villages. Scientists think the Little Ice Age was caused by forces (力量) that people could not control. One cause (起因), in their opinion, was the sun. The sun often has “storms” of energy called sunspots (太阳黑子). During the Little Ice Age, there were fewer sunspots than there are t 36 . With fewer sunspots, the sun was giving out less e 37 which made the earth warm. Volcanic eruption (火山爆发) was probably a 38 natural cause. During the Little Ice Age, many volcanoes erupted. Their dust (灰尘) might stop the sun’s l 39 and heat from reaching the earth. Today we are seeing the influences of rising temperature. Scientists think people are causing this change by b 40 a lot of coal and oil. So we need to change our way of living. 【答案】 31．(a)go 32．(c)older 33．(c)all 34．(b)rought 35．(h)uge 36．(t)oday 37．(e)nergy 38．(a)nother 39．(l)ight 40．(b)urning 【导语】本文主要讲述了地球在历史上经历的“小冰期”现象及其可能的原因，并与当前全球变暖现象进行对比。 31．句意：但几百年前，人们面临一个不同的问题——持续400年的寒冷时期！根据“hundreds of years”和时间对比语境以及所给首字母可知，此处需用表示过去的时间副词，ago“以前”符合语境。故填(a)go。 32．句意：从15世纪到19世纪，北半球的冬天比现在更寒冷且更漫长。根据“winters in the northern half of the earth were...and longer than”和所给首字母可知，北半球的冬天比现在更寒冷且更漫长，此处应用cold“寒冷的”的比较级colder。故填(c)older。 33．句意：科学家称这个时期为“小冰期”。根据“Scientists...this time the ‘Little Ice Age’ (小冰期).”和所给首字母可知，科学家应是称这个时期为“小冰期”，call“称作”，主语“Scientists”为复数，且描述客观事实，动词用原形。故填(c)all。 34．句意：更寒冷的天气带来了许多严重的问题。根据“The colder weather...many serious problems.”和所给首字母可知，更寒冷的天气应是带来了许多严重的问题，“带来”bring，此处用过去式brought与上下文时态一致，描述过去发生的事。故填(b)rought。 35．句意：有时，一大块冰会从山上滑落并摧毁一些村庄。根据“piece of ice would slide down (滑落) a mountain and destroy (摧毁) some villages.”和所给首字母可知，应是一大块冰从山上滑落，才会摧毁一些村庄，“巨大的”huge，形容词作定语。故填(h)uge。 36．句意：在小冰期，太阳黑子比现在更少。与“During the Little Ice Age”形成时间对比，此处需用表示现在的副词。结合所给首字母可知，today“现在”，符合语境。故填(t)oday。 37．句意：太阳黑子减少，导致太阳释放的使地球变暖的能量更少。动词“giving out”后接名词作宾语，根据科学常识和所给首字母可知，此处指“能量”energy，不可数名词。故填(e)nergy。 38．句意：火山爆发可能是另一个自然原因。前文已提及太阳是原因之一，此处应表示另一个原因，结合所给首字母可知，another“另一、又一”符合语境。故填(a)nother。 39．句意：火山灰可能会阻挡太阳的光和热量到达地球。与“heat”并列，需用名词“光”light，不可数形式。故填(l)ight。 40．句意：科学家认为人类通过燃烧大量煤炭和石油导致了这一变化。根据“people are causing this change by...a lot of coal and oil. So we need to change our way of living”和所给首字母可知，应是燃烧煤炭和石油，burn“燃烧”，by后接动名词。故填(b)urning。 5.（2025·江苏南通·中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 About 160 years ago, the Austrian scientist Mendel did many important experiments (实验) with pea plants. After eight years of careful r 41 , he finally discovered the basic rules of inheritance (遗传). This helped him make great p 42 in the study of biology. But for the next hundred years, people still didn’t know why some pea plants were tall while some were short. Then, amazing news came! A group of international scientists worked t 43 and found more. This team was led by two great scientists, Cheng Shifeng from China and Noel Ellis from the UK. They shared information from their experiments, talked about problems, and tried different ways to s 44 these problems. The scientists used modern scientific tools to look at Mendel’s 1865 experiments again. They wanted to learn more about the genetic (基因的) changes. So, after 2019, they grew more than 700 k 45 of peas from Britain in China. They built special greenhouses to study the plants. Finally, they discovered the changes in pea genetics. What a great s 46 they achieved! Cheng Shifeng, the group’s lead scientist said, “Mendel found out the rules of inheritance many years ago, but he didn’t know what a gene was and h 47 it worked. Now we can see the changes clearly from the study.” Scientists once tried to e 48 why some pods (豆荚) are green and others yellow. This study has found out some secrets about genes in DNA．The genes can c 49 the colours of peas. This study shows that with modern scientific tools, nowadays we can understand the genetic world b 50 . It’s a great example of how we keep working out the mysteries of nature. 【答案】 41．(r)esearch/(r)esearches 42．(p)rogress 43．(t)ogether 44．(s)olve 45．(k)inds 46．(s)uccess 47．(h)ow 48．(e)xplain/(e)xplore 49．(c)ontrol 50．(b)etter 【导语】本文介绍了科学家们通过现代技术重新研究孟德尔的遗传实验，揭示了豌豆基因变化的秘密，并展示了科学探索如何帮助我们更好地理解自然规律。 41．句意：经过八年的仔细研究，他终于发现了遗传的基本规律。根据“Mendel did many important experiments (实验) with pea plants”和“discovered the basic rules of inheritance (遗传)”可知，经过八年仔细的研究，最终发现了遗传的规律；research“研究”，名词，此处既可以泛指“研究”这一抽象概念，也可指代具体的研究项目或成果。故填(r)esearch/(r)esearches。 42．句意：这使他在生物学的研究上取得了很大的进步。make great progress“取得巨大进步”，固定短语。故填(p)rogress。 43．句意：一组国际科学家共同努力，发现了更多。根据“A group of international scientists”可知，一组国际科学家一起工作并发现了更多（成果）；结合首字母提示，together“一起”，符合语境。故填(t)ogether。 44．句意：他们从实验中分享信息，讨论问题，并尝试不同的方法来解决这些问题。根据“tried different ways to ... these problems”可知，尝试用不同的方法来解决问题，solve“解决”，动词，to后接动词原形。故填(s)olve。 45．句意：因此，2019年之后，他们在中国种植了700多种来自英国的豌豆。根据“more than 700 ... of peas”及首字母可知，此处表示700多种豌豆，kind的复数kinds符合语境。故填(k)inds。 46．句意：他们取得了多么大的成功啊！根据“they discovered the changes in pea genetics.”可知，他们发现了豌豆基因的变化，获得了巨大的成功；a后接名词，success“成功”，符合语境。故填(s)uccess。 47．句意：孟德尔多年前就发现了遗传规律，但他不知道基因是什么，也不知道它是如何工作的。根据“he didn’t know what a gene was and .... it worked”可知，孟德尔不知道基因是如何工作的，how“如何”，符合语境。故填(h)ow。 48．句意：科学家们曾经试图解释/探索为什么有些豆荚是绿色的，有些是黄色的。根据“why some pods (豆荚) are green and others yellow”可知，为什么有些豆荚是绿色的，有些是黄色的，这个问题科学家们曾经试图解释/探索，explain“解释”/explore“探索”，符合语境，to后接动词原形。故填(e)xplain/(e)xplore。 49．句意：这些基因可以控制豌豆的颜色。根据“The genes can ... the colours of peas.”及首字母可知，基因可以控制豌豆的颜色，control“控制”，动词，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填(c)ontrol。 50．句意：这项研究表明，借助现代科学工具，如今我们可以更好地了解基因世界。根据“with modern scientific tools, nowadays we can understand the genetic world ”可知，借助现代科学工具，如今我们能更好地理解基因世界；better“更好”，修饰动词understand。故填(b)etter。 6.（2025·广东广州·中考真题）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 A hospital in Guangzhou had a special idea to help children feel better. They turned the children’s ward (病区) into an art gallery (画廊). Doctors, nurses, artists, and even the children themselves helped create this f 51 space. Doctor Huang explained that many kids are more afraid of the strange environment than the medical treatment. Making the ward colorful and warm can help them r 52 . That’s why he agreed when the head nurse suggested this idea. Some artists p 53 bright and lovely pictures. They believe that happy feelings can help kids get well sooner. The children also drew pictures and put them up on the w 54 . The hospital hopes to show care for the children and their families through this project. This is a great e 55 of how art and love together can build a better world. 【答案】51．(f)un/(f)antastic 52．(r)elax 53．(p)ainted/(p)rovided 54．(w)alls/(w)indows 55．(e)xample 【导语】本文讲述了广州一家医院将儿童病房改造成画廊，通过艺术和色彩帮助孩子们缓解对陌生环境的恐惧，让他们感觉更好，展现了艺术与爱心如何共同构建美好世界。 51．句意：医生、护士、艺术家，甚至孩子们自己都帮助创造了这个有趣的/极好的空间。根据“They turned the children’s ward (病区) into an art gallery”以及首字母提示可知他们将儿童病房改造成画廊，这个空间是有趣的/极好的，fun“有趣的”，fantastic“极好的”，形容词作定语修饰名词space。故填(f)un/(f)antastic。 52．句意：让病房变得丰富多彩和温暖可以帮助他们放松。根据“many kids are more afraid of the strange environment than the medical treatment”以及“Making the ward colorful and warm”可知，这样做是为了让孩子们放松，relax“放松”，动词；help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”，所以空处用动词原形。故填(r)elax。 53．句意：一些艺术家画/提供了明亮可爱的图画。根据“bright and lovely pictures”以及首字母提示可知，此处指画/提供了图画，paint“绘画”，provide“提供”，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(p)ainted/(p)rovided。 54．句意：孩子们还画画，并把画贴在墙上/窗户上。根据“put them up”以及首字母提示可知，此处指把画贴在墙上/窗户，wall“墙”，window“窗户”，此处表示泛指，用名词复数形式。故填(w)alls/(w)indows。 55．句意：这是艺术和爱如何共同构建美好世界的一个很好的例子。根据“This is a great...of how art and love together can build a better world.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指这是一个很好的例子，example“例子”，可数名词，由“a”可知，用名词单数形式。故填(e)xample。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第17讲 语篇首字母题 · 模块一 语篇首字母填空题考点透视 · 模块一 语篇首字母填空题解题策略 · 模块三 名校模考题特训 · 模块四 中考真题特训 模块一 语篇首字母填空题考点透视 中考首字母填空是难度较大的一种题型。该题要求是根据句意和已给出的首字母，在句子的空白处填上适当的单词，使句子意思完整，语法正确的一种题型。该题型既考查学生的单词记忆和拼写能力，又考查学生对句子的理解和运用能力。 文章篇幅与体裁：通常是一篇 260 词左右的短文，体裁以记叙文或说明文为主。记叙文可能讲述一个有趣的故事、个人经历或人物传记等；说明文常介绍一些科普知识、文化现象、生活常识等。 题目设置：所缺单词首字母已给出。这些单词涵盖名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、介词、连词等各类词性，考查学生对词汇、语法、语境的综合运用能力。 中考英语首字母填空综合性较强，需要学生在词汇、语法、语境理解等方面都有扎实的基础和较强的运用能力，通过不断地积累和练习，才能提高答题的准确性和效率。 词汇积累与运用 1. 熟练掌握大纲词汇，能根据上下文判断一词多义、熟词生义的具体含义并正确拼写； 2. 具备近义词、反义词、同根词、派生词的辨析能力，能通过词根、词缀（如前缀 un-）进行合理词形变形。 语法知识 1. 正确运用基础语法规则，包括名词单复数、动词时态 / 语态、形容词 / 副词比较级与最高级、代词主格 / 宾格 / 物主代词； 2. 掌握从句引导词、关系代词 / 副词的选择，能根据句子结构判断非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的用法。 固定搭配与习惯用语 1. 记忆并运用常见固定搭配，如动词短语（be good at）、介词短语（look forward to）、形容词短语（pay attention to）； 2. 熟悉英语习惯用语与俗语，能在具体语境中运用（如 it's time for sb. to do sth.、as soon as possible）。 语境理解与逻辑推理 1. 能根据上下文线索（近义词、反义词、解释、举例、因果关系等），推断空格单词的含义与词性； 2. 具备文章整体理解能力，能把握主旨大意与情节发展，进而填写符合语境的单词。 【解题技巧】 · 通读全文，了解大意 · 跳过空格，快速通读短文，初步了解文章的主题、大致内容和逻辑结构，为后续填词提供一个整体的语境框架。 · 尤其要关注文章的首句和尾句，首句往往能点明文章的主题或引出主要话题，尾句可能对文章进行总结或升华，对理解文章的主旨和确定单词的大致范围有很大帮助。 · 分析语境，确定词性和词义 · 仔细阅读每个空格所在的句子及上下文，根据句子结构和语法规则判断所缺单词的词性，如名词、动词、形容词、副词等。 · 结合上下文的语境线索，如关键词、短语、句子逻辑关系等，推断出所缺单词的含义，缩小选择范围。 · 试填单词，注意语法和拼写 · 根据确定的词性和词义，尝试填写符合要求的单词。在填写过程中，要特别注意单词的语法形式，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。 · 确保所填单词的拼写正确，避免因拼写错误而失分。对于一些不确定的单词，可以先在脑海中搜索与之相关的近义词或反义词，再结合语境进行选择。 · 复读全文，检查核对 · 完成填词后，再通读全文，检查所填单词是否符合文章的语境和逻辑，语法是否正确，拼写是否无误。 · 重点检查上下文的连贯性和一致性，看是否有因单词填写不当而导致的语义不通、逻辑混乱等问题。如果发现问题，及时调整答案。 · 积累词汇和固定搭配 · 平时要注重词汇的积累，通过阅读、背诵单词等方式扩大词汇量，同时要注意对词汇的深度理解和运用，掌握常见的一词多义、熟词生义现象。 · 多积累固定搭配和习惯用语，将其整理成笔记并经常复习，以便在考试中能够快速准确地识别和运用。 模块二 语篇首字母填空题策略 （一）从词性角度判定 (1)填动词  ①若句中缺少谓语，需填动词。  ②情态动词could, have to, can, may, should, must，would等后需填动词原形。 ③在一些动词不定式结构中，文中给出to时，空格处需填动词原形。 如：It‘s＋adj.＋for/ of sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某事是……  seem to do sth. 看起来要做某事；be sure to do sth.一定会做某事  ④在一些动词短语或动词和介词的固定搭配中，需填动词。 如：ask for请求；give up放弃  【示例】 原文片段：Cats might not answer when we talk to them, but they could be listening more carefully than we i____. .解题思路 1. 定词性：空格前为主语 we，后无宾语，需填谓语动词；情态动词 could 后接动词原形，且语境为 “比我们想象的更认真倾听”。 2. 找线索：首字母 i，搭配 “than we i____”，对应动词 imagine（想象），符合逻辑。 答案：imagine 解析：动词原形，情态动词 could 后接动词原形；语境为 “猫倾听比我们想象的更仔细”，符合上下文逻辑。 (2)填名词  ①位于句首，在句中作主语。 ②位于动词或介词后作宾语。如：producing light  ③位于形容词后。  ④位于限定词this, these, those, many, some, any, a lot of等后。  如：these ideas  ⑤位于数词后。如：ten minutes  ⑥其他：位于系动词后作表语；冠词、形容词性物主代词；名词所有格及一些固定搭配中。  【示例】 原文片段：The Sight-bit system works by using cameras at the beach to read the water c ______ carefully .解题思路 1. 定词性：空格前为名词 water（作定语），需填名词；语境为 “系统通过摄像头读取水____”。 2. 找线索：首字母 c，搭配 “water c____”，对应名词 conditions（状况），water conditions（水况）为固定表达，符合 “AI 监测海滩水况” 的主题。 答案：conditions 解析：可数名词复数，泛指 “水的各类状况”，符合语境；为科技类短文常考名词，需注意复数变形。 (3)填连词  若空格前后或空格后是两个完整的句子，则需要考虑使用连词，再结合前后句意。 ①若表示条件关系，用if，unless； ②表示转折关系，用but； ③表示选择关系用or； ④表示因果关系，用because，so等； ⑤表示让步关系，用though，although； ⑥表示时间关系，用when，while，until等。  【示例】 原文片段：This showed that they were confused b ______ they didn’t hear the word they used to hear. 解题思路 1. 定词性：空格前后为两个完整句子，需填连词；前句 “猫感到困惑”，后句 “没听到熟悉的单词”，为因果关系（前果后因）。 2. 找线索：首字母 b，对应连词 because（因为），解释猫困惑的原因。 答案：because 解析：从属连词，引导原因状语从句；语境为 “猫困惑是因为没听到熟悉的单词”，符合逻辑，为中考基础连词考点。 (4)填形容词  ①位于系动词后作表语。如：seem very small  ②位于名词前作定语。如：their own problem  ③位于复合不定代词之后。  ④位于宾语之后作宾补，常与make，leave，keep 等动词连用。  【示例】 原文片段：While listening, the cats saw pictures on a screen, such as a red sun or a w_______ horse. 解题思路 1. 定词性：空格后为名词 horse，需填形容词作定语；语境为 “屏幕上的图片，比如红日或____马”。 2. 找线索：首字母 w，与 red sun 并列，对应形容词 white（白色的），符合 “描述马的颜色” 的逻辑。 答案：white 解析：形容词，修饰名词 horse；与前面的 red sun 并列，均为描述事物颜色的形容词，符合语境。 (5)填副词  ①修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。  ②位于句首作状语，修饰整个句子。  ③实义动词之前或助动词、情态动词之后常用频度副词。 ④在问句中且设空处位于句首，可考虑使用疑问副词  【示例】 原文片段：Some people know about him s __________ because of the performance called YangBOT at the 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala. 解题思路 1. 定词性：空格后为动词短语 because of，需填副词修饰整个短语；语境为 “有些人____因为 2025 央视春晚的 YangBOT 表演认识他”。 2. 找线索：首字母 s，对应副词 simply（仅仅、只），符合 “仅因春晚表演被熟知” 的语境。 答案：simply 解析：副词，修饰介词短语 because of；语境为 “有些人仅仅因为 2025 年央视春晚的 YangBOT 表演认识他”，符合上下文逻辑。 （二） 从语法考查角度分析 1. 名词：单复数形式, 所有格的用法 September 10th is Teachers’ Day. In autumn after a strong wind, the ground is often covered with fallen leaves. 【示例】 原文片段：Many teenagers have difficulty in making their own c① when they face problems. · 语法判定：空格前有their own（他们自己的），后缺名词；且固定搭配make choices。 · 线索：首字母 c，结合语境 “做选择”。 · 语法要点：可数名词，their 提示用复数。 答案：choices 解析：choice 为可数名词，their 暗示复数，词尾加 s；固定短语 make choices 做选择。 2. 动词：时态，语态的变化 We could not run faster than cheetahs,so we invented cars and now we can move the fastest. When you laugh ,you will open your mouth and your teeth. 【示例】 原文片段：He f ① off his bike and hurt his leg badly yesterday. · 语法判定：and 连接并列谓语，hurt 为过去式，提示时态为一般过去时。 · 线索：首字母 f，固定短语 fall off 从…… 摔下。 答案：fell 解析：fall 的过去式为 fell；yesterday 明确过去时间，必须用动词过去式。 3. 形容词、副词：比较等级的用法 Last Sunday，we played happily in the park, though we were very tired. Summer is the hottest season of the year. 【示例】 原文片段：The more you read, the w① your knowledge will be. · 语法判定：the + 比较级，the + 比较级 固定句型。 · 线索：首字母 w，形容知识 “更宽广”。 答案：wider 解析：wide 的比较级为 wider；句型表示 “越…… 就越……”。 4. 代词：单复数 人称代词 反身代词 指示代词 关系代词 不定代词 等的用法 Help yourself to some fish，Jim. Mrs Green said to the twins .”Help yourselves to some fish please. ” This book belongs to Mary. It is hers. 【示例】 原文片段：My sister and I planted the apple tree by o① last weekend. · 语法判定：固定结构 by oneself 独自；主语是复数。 · 线索：首字母 o，反身代词复数。 答案：ourselves 解析：by ourselves 我们自己；主语 My sister and I 为复数，故用 ourselves。 5. 连词：并列与从属连词的用法 For years, we played other people’s songs, but now we play mostly our own songs. She didn’t go to school yesterday ,because she was ill. 【示例】 原文片段：I didn’t go to the park b① it rained heavily. · 语法判定：前后两个完整分句，后句表原因，用从属连词。 · 线索：首字母 b，引导原因状语从句。 答案：because 解析：because 引导原因状语从句，说明没去公园的理由。 模块三 名校模考题特训 1.（2026·江苏扬州·一模）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。 (每空一词) My trip to Yangzhou came in April, and I w 1 about the crowds. I am not a fan of visiting tourist attractions on holidays, because there are always too many people around. L 2 , my two-day trip to Yangzhou was full of joy. My friend and I took a bus from Yangzhou Railway Station to the downtown area, where most tourist attractions were. Spring painted the city in rich c 3 , with different kinds of flowers blooming everywhere, just like beautiful pictures. The Slender West Lake, one of the most famous places of interest there, was our first stop. The park, lined with willow trees, pagodas and loads of history, has enough to keep a visitor b 4 for the whole day. People say some parts of the lake are so n 5 that you can hear others’ words on the other side, just the slim shape that gives it the name the Slender West Lake. However, I could hardly hear my friend because of the crowds around us. The Five-Pavilion Bridge, built o 6 the lake about 500 years ago, is a famous symbol of Yangzhou. It is always popular with visitors. Standing on the bridge, we e 7 beautiful lake views and fresh air. Yangzhou is also famous for its gardens. We visited He Garden. Built in the Qing Dynasty, it is kept in good condition today. There are many delicate gardens and buildings inside, just like a small maze. A 8 it has some Western-style designs, it mainly shows the traditional beauty of the late Qing Dynasty. It was better to f 9 a guide so that we could learn about its history and enjoy its beauty more. Walking along the corridor, I heard a boy say loudly to his mother, “How I wish I could live in such a beautiful house!” At that moment, I t 10 to myself, “How I wish I could live in such a lovely city!” 2.（2026·山东东营·一模）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 Last Friday, I had an unforgettable experience on my w 11 home after school. The sky suddenly turned dark and it began to r 12 heavily. I had to take out my umbrella and walk quickly. However, I saw an old woman standing at the street corner without any rain gear. She looked worried and tried to cover her head with a thin bag. I thought for a moment and then walked t 13 her. She was old and her legs looked weak. I asked her if she needed any h 14 . She nodded and told me that she wanted to cross the street to buy some medicine for her sick husband, but the heavy rain made it d 15 for her to walk safely. I decided to help her. I held my umbrella over her head and helped her c 16 the street carefully. We walked s 17 step by step. On the way, she thanked me again and again and said I was a k 18 boy. I felt a little shy but really happy. After we got to the medicine shop, I said goodbye to her. She smiled at me and her warm smile made my heart full of sunshine. Although I got wet a little, I never felt so glad. This small thing taught me a valuable l 19 in my life. We should always be ready to help people in need. Kindness is the most beautiful sunshine in the world, and it will stay in our h 20 forever. From that day on, I try my best to help others whenever I can. Helping others is not only good for them but also brings us joy and warmth. It makes the world a better and warmer place to live in. Even small acts of kindness can make a big difference to someone’s life. 3.（2026·天津和平·一模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Have you ever tried something so spicy (辛辣的) that it made your mouth tingle (刺痛)? That’s what happens when you eat Sichuan Hot Pot! This famous dish is not only delicious but also a lot of fun to eat. Let’s go into the world of Sichuan Hot Pot and d 21 why it’s so amazing. Sichuan Hot Pot comes from Sichuan Province, a place known for its spicy flavours. The people in Sichuan love to put lots of chili peppers (辣椒) and Sichuan peppercorns (干胡椒) into their food. Hot pot has been a favourite dish there for many years and has now s 22 all over China and even to other countries. One of the best things about Sichuan Hot Pot is that it brings people closer. When you eat hot pot, you get t 23 around a big pot of bubbling, spicy broth (汤) with your family and friends. Everyone gets to cook their own food in the pot. You can choose from all kinds of food like meat, v 24 , tofu, and noodles. It’s so much fun to pick w 25 you want to eat and watch it cook right in front of you. The broth in Sichuan Hot Pot is what makes it so p 26 with people of all ages. It’s made with lots of spices (香料), i 27 chili peppers and Sichuan peppercorns. These spices make the broth very hot and give it a unique numbing sensation (麻感). When your food is c 28 , you use chopsticks to take it out of the pot and dip (蘸) it in a tasty sauce (酱). Some people might find it too spicy, but if you enjoy a little heat, you will love it! Eating Sichuan Hot Pot is a wonderful e 29 . It’s not just about the tasty food but also about s 30 time with people you care about. It’s a time to talk, laugh, and enjoy a meal together. 4.（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 How can the classic literature be kept alive in the digital age Wu Yaduo, a 17-year-old high school student from Chengdu, Sichuan, offers her answer. Using her iPad and artistic brushstrokes, Wu turns stories from classical literature—A Dream of Red Mansions, Water Margin and the lives of f 31 poets like Li Bai from the Tang Dynasty, into animated, hand-drawn videos. Her videos have a 32 thousands of followers and millions of views online. To Wu, these w 33 are timeless because they explore human emotions and lasting social themes. Wu Yaduo decided to start with texts from high school Chinese textbooks after n 34 that many students aren’t interested in literature simply because they have to learn it for school. In her videos, Wu focuses on bringing text and sound elements t 35 . For example, her adaptation (改编) of A Dream of Red Mansions was inspired by a s 36 with a sad tone (音调) from a Chinese band. “The line ‘one flower, one leaf, one spring tree’ made me decide to first d 37 a Daguanyuan, which is an important setting in A Dream of Red Mansions, followed by a sad scene after the family’s downfall. I presented both images at the same time to c 38 a sense of pain and shock,” she added. Wu avoids telling tales in a traditional way; she wants her work to be “spicy”. Her special m 39 has received a lot of support from those around her. However, Wu still has regrets about her work. She finds it i 40 to perfectly translate the vivid images in her mind into art. But she still always looks forward to her next piece. 5.（2025·天津·模拟预测）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 We always think the first impression (印象) is of great importance in life. However, is the first impression really worth being trusted? In my opinion, that is probably not the f 41 . A first impression is the first judgement (判断) we make about a person. The forming of first impressions may depend on direct feelings, b 42 there is not enough information about one person. In some way, it is also influenced by our personal experiences or our emotions (情绪). So I t 43 the first impression is inaccurate (不准确的). While a good first impression is connected with whether we will be allowed to enter a school or a company, short information a 44 a person may make the first impression important. What’s more, the first impressions of some candidates (候选人) are not good, but they turn out to perform (表现) w 45 after they enter a school or a company. So I do believe some opinions about first impressions should be changed. My middle school math teacher was in his early twenties when he began to t 46 us. At first, I thought the experienced elder math teacher in the neighbouring class must be more excellent than him. However, the y 47 teacher was hardworking and spent long hours preparing lessons every day. It wasn’t l 48 before we saw him as an excellent teacher. With his encouragement, I also became confident in math and made progress. I was sorry for my wrong first impression of him. From this story, I have r 49 that emotions and stereotypes (刻板印象) can both influence our judgement of people. The first impression should never be the only s 50 of judgement about a person. 模块四 中考真题特训 1.（2025·山东东营·中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 Squeaky, a little grey mouse, lived in a dark hole with his mother. One day he came running to his mother. He was so scared that his tail shook. “Oh, Squeaky,” said his mother. “What has happened? W 1 do you shake so?” “Mom,” answered Squeaky, “I have been out to see the world. Because I was bored with staying in our little dark h 2 , I went to the yard. There I saw a beautiful animal which looked a little like me.” “Looks like you?” said Mother Mouse. “Yes, Mom,” said Squeaky. “It really does. It has a grey coat that is like m 3 , but it is much bigger. It looked so kind.” Mother Mouse cried, “Oh! Dear Squeaky! That is the terrible cat. She does like little mice. She likes to e 4 them. I hope you didn’t talk to her?” “No, Mom,” said Squeaky. “I did not have time. Because just then I saw a 5 animal. How terrible! He has a long, sharp (尖的) nose. He looked very fierce (凶猛的).” Mother Mouse thought and thought. What animal could that be? It m 6 be some terrible animal she had never seen. But Squeaky went on talking. “He has something red on top of his head and he has o 7 two legs. He made a terrible noise. Cock-a-doodle-do! I ran away!” Then Mother laughed and cried, “That’s the rooster (公鸡). He would not h 8 a poor little mouse.” “But, Mom,” he said, “the cat looked so kind, a 9 the rooster looked so fierce. How could I tell (辨别) which one would hurt me?” Mother Mouse said, “Remember, Squeaky, it is never s 10 to talk to strange animals. You can’t tell by their looks which ones are kind.” 2.（2025·江苏淮安·中考真题）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整、通顺，每空一词。 Rabbits are small and cute animals with white fur, long ears and soft bodies. Many people keep one as a p 11 at home. But the rabbits in the wild are not the s 12 as those at home. The information below may help you know more about them. What do wild rabbits e 13 ? You may think they like carrots best. However, they would rather choose green plants, such as grass and vegetables. Sometimes, they also eat crops, s 14 farmers may not welcome them. Where do wild rabbits live? Most of them live in the fields, forests or grasslands. They are g 15 at digging holes. They dig underground holes which can provide space from enemies and bad weather. The holes can also be used to store food and raise the y 16 . Also, some wild rabbits may live in the bushes. H 17 do wild rabbits keep safe? They have many enemies, such as foxes and snakes. To survive, they use clever tricks. For example, when other animals hunt them, they will run away in a special way, so they won’t be c 18 easily. Also, their special eyes allow them to notice d 19 from almost every direction. Though they are not very strong, their amazing abilities help them live through the hard conditions in nature. There are also some fun facts about wild rabbits. Can you imagine they can j 20 as high as 2 metres? Their front teeth never stop growing, so they need to chew (咀嚼) every day to stop them from getting too long. Isn’t that amazing? 3.（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。 When people do not get enough food, they cannot grow strong or healthy. We should include plenty of v 21 and other plant-based foods in our diets. They provide necessary nutrients (营养) for our h 22 . Scientists are working hard to make sure that everyone can have e 23 food to eat. They are thinking of all kinds of new ways to g 24 plants. For example, they create plants that can survive in difficult conditions, and use technology to grow fresh food in p 25 like deserts (沙漠). It’s quite challenging for plants to live in deserts because they are very hot, have very l 26 water, and have poor-quality soil. Sometimes there is even salt in the soil, which makes it h 27 for most plants to survive. However, over time, plants have w 28 out clever ways to deal with the challenges of living in the desert. Desert plants have small, narrow leaves or wax layers (蜡层) on their leaves to p 29 themselves from the sun. They also have deep roots (根) that go far into the ground for w 30 . Some plants can take in salt and store it in their cells. 4.（2025·天津·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Today the earth is getting warmer and warmer. But hundreds of years a 31 , people had a different problem—a 400-year cold period! From the 1400s to the 1800s, winters in the northern half of the earth were c 32 and longer than they are now. Scientists c 33 this time the “Little Ice Age” (小冰期). The colder weather b 34 many serious problems. Plants died of cold and illness spread among people. People had to spend a lot more time collecting wood for fires to keep their house warm. And sometimes, a h 35 piece of ice would slide down (滑落) a mountain and destroy (摧毁) some villages. Scientists think the Little Ice Age was caused by forces (力量) that people could not control. One cause (起因), in their opinion, was the sun. The sun often has “storms” of energy called sunspots (太阳黑子). During the Little Ice Age, there were fewer sunspots than there are t 36 . With fewer sunspots, the sun was giving out less e 37 which made the earth warm. Volcanic eruption (火山爆发) was probably a 38 natural cause. During the Little Ice Age, many volcanoes erupted. Their dust (灰尘) might stop the sun’s l 39 and heat from reaching the earth. Today we are seeing the influences of rising temperature. Scientists think people are causing this change by b 40 a lot of coal and oil. So we need to change our way of living. 5.（2025·江苏南通·中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 About 160 years ago, the Austrian scientist Mendel did many important experiments (实验) with pea plants. After eight years of careful r 41 , he finally discovered the basic rules of inheritance (遗传). This helped him make great p 42 in the study of biology. But for the next hundred years, people still didn’t know why some pea plants were tall while some were short. Then, amazing news came! A group of international scientists worked t 43 and found more. This team was led by two great scientists, Cheng Shifeng from China and Noel Ellis from the UK. They shared information from their experiments, talked about problems, and tried different ways to s 44 these problems. The scientists used modern scientific tools to look at Mendel’s 1865 experiments again. They wanted to learn more about the genetic (基因的) changes. So, after 2019, they grew more than 700 k 45 of peas from Britain in China. They built special greenhouses to study the plants. Finally, they discovered the changes in pea genetics. What a great s 46 they achieved! Cheng Shifeng, the group’s lead scientist said, “Mendel found out the rules of inheritance many years ago, but he didn’t know what a gene was and h 47 it worked. Now we can see the changes clearly from the study.” Scientists once tried to e 48 why some pods (豆荚) are green and others yellow. This study has found out some secrets about genes in DNA．The genes can c 49 the colours of peas. This study shows that with modern scientific tools, nowadays we can understand the genetic world b 50 . It’s a great example of how we keep working out the mysteries of nature. 6.（2025·广东广州·中考真题）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 A hospital in Guangzhou had a special idea to help children feel better. They turned the children’s ward (病区) into an art gallery (画廊). Doctors, nurses, artists, and even the children themselves helped create this f 51 space. Doctor Huang explained that many kids are more afraid of the strange environment than the medical treatment. Making the ward colorful and warm can help them r 52 . That’s why he agreed when the head nurse suggested this idea. Some artists p 53 bright and lovely pictures. They believe that happy feelings can help kids get well sooner. The children also drew pictures and put them up on the w 54 . The hospital hopes to show care for the children and their families through this project. This is a great e 55 of how art and love together can build a better world. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $