Unit 5 Music Discovering Useful Structures 分词作状语和表语 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第二册

高中英语语法-非谓语 English grammar teaching 非谓语动词 过去分词 Past participles 非谓语动词 过去分词 Past participles REVIEW 宾语补足语 Object complement 前置: 单个过去分词 后置：过去分词短语 主+谓+宾+宾补 使役动词、 感官动词、 表示 “希望、要求” 的动词 with复合结构 定语从句 与被修饰的名词有逻辑上的被动关系或表所修饰人、物的状态 被动关系 定语 Attribute 过去分词 过去分词 Past participles REVIEW 宾语补足语 Object complement 定语 Attribute 表语 predicative 状语 Adverbial 非谓语动词 过去分词 表语 predicative 定义 区别 非谓语动词 过去分词 非谓语动词 表语 predicative 观察下列过去分词所作成分并总结规律 Observe and Discover 1. Don’t be scared, my love. 2. Timon and Pumba will watch you while I am gone. 3. We are prepared for a story. 4. She seems surprised at the news. 5. They looked frightened to hear the frightening sound. 定义：过去分词可置于 后作 语，用来表示主语的性质、特征或 。 系动词 表 状态 过去分词 be seems looked am are 系动词 link-v 非谓语动词 表语 predicative 过去分词 一 是： be 两似乎：seem, appear 三保持：keep, stay, remain 四变得：become, get, turn, go 五感觉：look, smell, taste, sound, feel 六证明：prove 系动词 link-v 非谓语动词 表语 predicative 过去分词 表语 predicative 定义 区别 非谓语动词 表语 predicative 过去分词 表语 predicative 定义 区别 过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别 过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别 非谓语动词 过去分词 过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别  The window is closed.  The window was closed by my brother. （状态：现在窗户处于关闭的状态） （动作：谁执行了 “关窗户” 这个动作） 系表结构 被动语态 描述主语的状态或性质 强调主语承受的动作 通常不强调动作的执行者 常说明动作的执行者（by 短语） 常用系动词（be, seem, look） 用助动词（be）+ 过去分词构成 非谓语动词 表语 predicative 过去分词 过去分词 常译为“(人) ”， 经常修饰 的特征。 现在分词 常译为“(物) ”， 经常修饰 的特征。 过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别 Ruan Cai was when he knew the coming holiday.(excite) 阮蔡很激动，当他听到这个即将到来，就令人激动的假期 excited exciting 感到……的 令人……的 人、人的声音或表情等 物 非谓语动词 表语 predicative 过去分词 过去分词 常译为“(人) ”， 经常修饰 的特征。 现在分词 常译为“(物) ”， 经常修饰 的特征。 过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别 Ruan Cai was when he knew the coming holiday.(excite) 阮蔡很激动，当他听到这个即将到来，就令人激动的假期 excited exciting 感到……的 令人……的 人、人的声音或表情等 物 情感类动词 过去分词 现在分词 surprise excite inspire disappoint surprised excited inspired disappointed surprising exciting inspiring disappointing 非谓语动词 表语 predicative 过去分词 disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed (感到)失望的 interesting 令人感兴趣的 interested 感兴趣的 frightening 令人害怕的 frightened (感到)害怕的 exciting 令人激动的 excited (感到)激动的;兴奋的 embarrassing 令人尴尬的 embarrassed 尴尬的 puzzling 令人困惑的 puzzled (感到)困惑的 过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别 非谓语动词 表语 predicative 过去分词 【即学即练】 1. The movie we watched last night was extremely ________ (move), and everyone in the theater felt ________ (move). 2. Although the lecture was ________ (bore), the students tried to stay ________ (interest) in the topic. 3. The children were ___________ (frighten) by the __________ (frighten) story told by their teacher. 4. Her performance in the competition was ________ (amaze), and we all felt ________ (amaze) by her skills. 5. The result of the experiment was (disappoint), but the researchers remained (determine) to find a solution. moving moved boring interested frightened frightening amazing amazed disappointing determined 非谓语动词 表语 predicative 过去分词 过去分词 Past participles 宾语补足语 Object complement 定语 Attribute 表语 predicative 状语 Adverbial 非谓语动词 状语 Adverbial 定义与功能 区别与鉴别 非谓语动词 过去分词 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial Observe and Discover 过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示被动完成的动作，与主句主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。 Given more attention, the tree can grow better. 如果多加注意，这棵树会长得更好。 Guided by these principles, they went on with the work. 在这些方针的指导下，他们继续进行这项工作。 过去分词 过去分词表示_________或_________，作状语时，表示动作发生的背景或者情况，可以表示____________________________________________等，还可以表示某种状态，其逻辑主语是主句的主语，且与主语之间存在逻辑上的___________。在意义上相当于一个_____________。 状语从句 被动关系 完成 被动 时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随或方式 句子结构：_________(v)......, 句子。 定义与功能 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial 过去分词 时间 功能 原因 条件 让步 伴随或方式 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial 过去分词 (accompany陪伴)by parents, kids can enter the park. ＝When (accompany)by parents, kids can enter the park. ＝When by parents, kids can enter the park. 时间状语 相当于一个时间状语从句，可在过去分词前加上连词when，while，until等，使其时间意义更明确。 accompanied they are accompanied Accompanied 主语 原因状语 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial 过去分词 原因状语 相当于一个时间状语从句，有时可与连词because, as, since等连用, 使原因意义更明确 ① (do) in a hurry, the work was full of mistakes. ＝Since/As she was given advice by the police, the lady kept calm. ② (give) advice by the police, the lady kept calm . ＝Because it was done in a hurry, the work was full of mistakes. ＝Because done in a hurry, the work was full of mistakes. ＝Since/As given advice by the police, the lady kept calm. Done Given 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial 过去分词 条件状语 并且有时可与连词if, unless等连用， 使条件意义更明确。 Given more time, we will do better. ＝If we are given more time, we will do better. 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial 过去分词 让步状语 相当于让步状语从句，有时可与连词although, though, even if, even though，as 连用 Invited, I will not take part in the party. ＝Even if I am invited, I will not take part in the party. 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial 过去分词 方式或伴随状语 相当于一个and并列句 The old man walked in the park, supported by his wife. ＝The old man walked in the park and was supported by his wife. 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial 过去分词 The boy slid out of his room, _________________________. Practice Makes Perfect 1. When he was asked about his impression of the apartment, he made no answer. 2. If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fall. _______________________________________, he made no answer. _________, we stand; ____________, we fall. 3. The boy slid out of his room and was followed by his pet dog. 4. Though he was rejected many times, the man didn’t lose heart. ______________________, the man didn’t lose heart. ___________________, he had to be taken to the hospital. Asked about his impression of the apartment United divided followed by his pet dog Rejected many times Seriously injured 5. Because he was seriously injured, he had to be taken to the hospital. 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial 过去分词 状语 Adverbial 定义与功能 区别与鉴别 现在分词和过去分词作状语的区别 独立主格结构 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial 过去分词 ①_______ (see) from the hill, you will find the city looks like a big garden. ②_______ (see) from the hill, the city looks like a big garden. 现在分词和过去分词作状语的区别 Seen Seeing you see 主动关系，用-ing see the city 被动关系，用-ed 过去分词作状语: 现在分词作状语： 动作和主语逻辑关系： . 动作和主语逻辑关系： . 被动关系 主动关系 句子的主语，see的逻辑主语 句子的主语，see的逻辑主语 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial 过去分词 Practice Makes Perfect 1. ________ (Wait) for the bus, I noticed a strange man staring at me. 2.________ (Give) more time, we could have finished the project earlier. 3. The teacher entered the classroom, ________ (follow) by a group of students. 4. ________ (Work) hard, you will surely achieve your goals. 5. ____________ (Encourage) by the teacher, the students worked harder. 6. ________ (Look) out of the window, I saw a beautiful garden. 7. Nervously _______ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”. Waiting Given followed Working Encouraged Looking facing 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial 过去分词 Practice Makes Perfect 8. The boy came in,________(follow) by his father. 9. The boy came in, ________(follow) his father. 10.Nervously _________ (face) challenges, I believe I can make it. 11.________(face) with the situation, Arnold asked his boss for advice. 12._________(devote) to science, Henry can’t look after his children. 13._________(devote) himself to science, Henry can’t look after his children. followed following facing Faced Devoted Devoting 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial 过去分词 Though he was affected by gradual blindness soon after the performance, Henry was still capable of writing compositions. 独立主格结构 句子改写为过去分词短语做状语的步骤： 1.找到含有过去分词的句子 2.找到两个句子共同的主语 3.省略连词和主语及相关部分（be,got等助动词） 4.整理句子，把原来的句子转换成含有过去分词作状语的句子 Though affected by gradual blindness soon after the performance, Henry was still capable of writing compositions. 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial 过去分词 独立主格结构 句子改写为过去分词短语做状语的步骤： 1.找到含有过去分词的句子 2.找到两个句子共同的主语 3.省略连词和主语及相关部分（be,got等助动词） 4.整理句子，把原来的句子转换成含有过去分词作状语的句子 Henry was highly interested in music and began to write original compositions when he was in high school. Highly interested in music, Henry began to write original compositions when he was in high school. 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial 过去分词 独立主格结构 完成句子: 作业完成后, 孩子们出去踢足球了。 After they finished their homework, …… Having finished their homework, …… _______________________, the children went out to play football. Their homework finished,…… With their homework finished,…… ①状语从句 ②分词形式 ③with的复合结构 ④独立主格结构 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial 过去分词 独立主格结构 有些含有分词的固定插入语, 其逻辑主语不要求与主语一致。如:   Generally speaking 一般地说  Considering… 考虑到…… Talking of… 说到…. Supposing/Providing that… 假使…. To be honest, /To tell the truth 老实说 Judged from his accent, he must come from southern China. Judging 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial 过去分词 【2022∙全国乙卷】 ________ (select) from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years. 【2023∙浙江1月高考】In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, __________ (surround) in concentric(同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. 链接高考 【2022∙全国乙卷】 ________ (select) from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years. 【2023∙浙江1月高考】In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, __________ (surround) in concentric(同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Selected surrounded 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial 过去分词 链接高考 【2022∙全国甲卷】 While I was __________ (thrill) that he was an animal lover, I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many. 【2021∙全国乙卷】Once the drink is __________ (go), the straw(吸管) will take centuries to disappear. 【2020∙新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Jennifer now is __________ (marry) and has three children of her own. thrilled gone married 非谓语动词 状语Adverbial 过去分词 高中英语语法 stay foolish,stay hungry —虚 心 若 愚 ; 求 知 若 饥— $