内容正文:
小升初英语专题总复习(浙江专用)
专题19 感叹句
核心知识思维导图
考点一
感叹句的基本结构(基础核心考点)
感叹句的核心是“what修饰名词,how修饰形容词/副词”,需掌握两种句型的基本结构及适用场景,是小升初入门必考点。
1.核心结构表(必考)
句型类型
基本结构
例句
What型(单数可数名词)
What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
What a beautiful flower (it is)!(多么美丽的一朵花啊!)
What型(复数可数名词)
What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
What lovely children (they are)!(多么可爱的孩子们啊!)
What型(不可数名词)
What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
What delicious food (it is)!(多么美味的食物啊!)
How型(形容词)
How + 形容词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
How happy (they are)!(他们多么开心啊!)
How型(副词)
How + 副词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
How fast (he runs)!(他跑得多么快啊!)
简化形式
What + 名词!/ How + 形容词/副词!
What fun!(真有趣!);How wonderful!(太精彩了!)
2.易错提醒:
○what后必须接“形容词+名词”,不可单独接形容词(误:What beautiful! 正:What beautiful flowers!/ How beautiful!);
○how后必须接形容词/副词,不可直接接名词(误:How a nice day! 正:What a nice day!/ How nice the day is!);
○单数可数名词前需加a/an,元音音素开头的形容词前用an(例:What an interesting book!)。
考点再现
1.用What/How填空:
(1)______ a tall building (it is)!
(2)______ fast he runs!
(3)______ beautiful flowers (they are)!
(4)______ happy they are!
(5)______ delicious food (it is)!
2.选出下列感叹句结构正确的一项( )
A. How a clever boy! B. What beautiful! C. How fast she runs! D. What an useful book!
3.改正下列句子中的结构错误:
(1)What a interesting story! →__________________
(2)How beautiful flowers! →__________________
(3)What fast he runs! →__________________
(4)How a nice day! →__________________
过关训练
1.用What/How填空:
(1)______ lovely the dog is!
(2)______ a nice gift (it is)!
(3)______ good news (it is)!
(4)______ carefully she studies!
(5)______ friendly people (they are)!
2.翻译句子(感叹句):
(1)多么晴朗的一天啊!____________________________________
(2)她唱得多么好啊!_______________________________________
(3)多么有趣的电影啊!_______________________________________
3.判断下列感叹句是否正确(正确写T,错误写F):
(1)What a tall tree!( )
(2)How delicious food!( )
(3)What fast he runs!( )
考点二
感叹句的句式转换(高频考点,占比40%)
感叹句的转换主要集中在“陈述句→感叹句”“What型→How型”,核心是根据修饰对象(名词/形容词/副词)选择正确的引导词,是小升初句型转换的高频考点。
1. 核心转换规则表(必考)
转换类型
操作方法
例句(原句→转换句)
陈述句→What型感叹句
找出名词短语,用“What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + (主谓)!”
The flower is beautiful. → What a beautiful flower (it is)!
陈述句→How型感叹句
找出形容词/副词,用“How + 形容词/副词 + (主谓)!”
He runs fast. → How fast (he runs)!
What型→How型(单数可数名词)
What a/an + 形容词 + 名词 + 主谓!→ How + 形容词 + the + 名词 + 主谓!
What a nice day it is! → How nice the day is!
2.易错提醒:
○转换时需保留核心修饰关系(名词用what,形容词/副词用how),不可混淆;
○单数可数名词转换为How型时,名词前需加the(例:What a clever boy he is! → How clever the boy is!)。
考点再现
1.按要求转换下列句子为感叹句:
(1)The girl is very cute.(What型)_______________________________________
(2)He swims very fast.(How型)__________________________________________
(3)It is a wonderful trip.(How型)_______________________________________
(4)The cakes are delicious.(What型)_______________________________________
2.选出下列转换正确的一项( )
A. The book is interesting. → What an interesting book!(正确)
B. She sings well. → What well she sings!(错误,应为How)
C. The weather is fine. → How a fine weather!(错误,应为What)
D. They are happy. → What happy they are!(错误,应为How)
3.改正下列转换中的错误:
(1)The boy is tall. → What tall the boy is! →__________________
(2)It is a cold day. → How cold a day is! →__________________
(3)The music is beautiful. → What beautiful music is! →__________________
过关训练
1.按要求转换下列句子为感叹句:
(1)The film is very exciting.(What型)_________________________________
(2)She dances very beautifully.(How型)_________________________________
(3)It is a difficult question.(How型)____________________________________
(4)The water is clean.(What型)_______________________________________
2.翻译句子(陈述句→感叹句):
(1)这是一个多么有趣的故事啊!(What型)______________________________
(2)他画画画得多么好啊!(How型)____________________________________
(3)这些苹果多么甜啊!(What型)_______________________________________
3.用What/How完成转换:
(1)The park is beautiful. → _________ beautiful the park is!(How型)
(2)It is a lovely cat. → _________ a lovely cat (it is)!(What型)
(3)They study hard. → _________ hard they study!(How型)
考点三
感叹句的易错点辨析(浙江必考,占比25%)
感叹句的易错点集中在“What/How混淆”“a/an误用”“主谓省略”,需通过对比辨析掌握正确用法,是小升初单选、改错的高频考点。
1.核心易错点对比表(必考)
易错点类型
错误例句
正确例句
原因分析
What/How混淆
How a nice book!
What a nice book!/ How nice the book is!
how不可直接接名词,需加the+名词+主谓
a/an误用
What a interesting film!
What an interesting film!
interesting以元音音素开头,用an
不可数名词加a/an
What a good news!
What good news!
news是不可数名词,不加a
复数名词加a/an
What a lovely children!
What lovely children!
children是复数,不加a
主谓多余
What beautiful flowers they are very much!
What beautiful flowers they are!
感叹句主谓后不可加very much等修饰词
2.辨析技巧:
○快速判断原则:看感叹词后接的是“形容词+名词”还是“形容词/副词”,前者用what,后者用how;
○a/an判断原则:单数可数名词+元音音素开头形容词→an,辅音音素开头→a;不可数名词/复数名词→不加a/an。
考点再现
1.选出下列感叹句中正确的一项( )
A. What an useful tool! B. How wonderful the trip is!
C. What a delicious foods! D. How a clever student!
2.改正下列句子中的错误:
(1)What a bad weather! →___________________________
(2)How interesting book it is! →___________________________
(3)What lovely a girl she is! →___________________________
(4)How fast the boy run! →___________________________
过关训练
1.选出下列感叹句中正确的一项( )
A. What nice the flowers are! B. How an exciting game!
C. What a lovely dog! D. How delicious foods!
2.改正下列句子中的错误:
(1)What a good advice! →__________________
(2)How a beautiful park! →__________________
(3)What an happy child! →__________________
(4)How clever the boys is! →__________________
3.用a/an/不填填空(感叹句):
(1)What ______ interesting story!
(2)What ______ good weather!
(3)What ______ lovely cats!
(4)What ______ useful book!
考点四
感叹句的情景应用(浙江高频)
感叹句在日常情景中用来表达强烈情感,需结合场景(旅游、校园、生活)选择合适的句型,核心是匹配修饰对象和引导词,是小升初情景对话的得分关键。
1. 高频情景类型及常用感叹句:
情景类型
常用感叹句
旅游观光
What a beautiful city Hangzhou is!(杭州是多么美丽的城市啊!);How wonderful the West Lake is!(西湖多么精彩啊!)
校园生活
What clever students they are!(多么聪明的学生啊!);
How interesting the lesson is!(这节课多么有趣啊!)
生活场景
What delicious food it is!(多么美味的食物啊!);
How fast time flies!(时间过得多么快啊!)
赞美他人
How kind she is!(她多么善良啊!);
What a hard-working boy he is!(多么勤奋的男孩啊!)
2.易错提醒:
○情景中选择句型时,优先根据修饰对象判断(名词用what,形容词/副词用how),再考虑是否省略主谓;
○赞美某地/某物时,常用What a/an + 形容词 + 名词(例:What a beautiful park! 多么美丽的公园啊!)。
考点再现
1.根据情景选择合适的感叹句:
(1)当你看到杭州西湖很美丽时,你会说:______
A. What a beautiful lake the West Lake is! B. How beautiful West Lake is!
C. What beautiful the West Lake is!
(2)当你吃到美味的杭州小笼包时,你会说:______
A. How delicious food! B. What delicious food it is! C. What a delicious food!
(3)当你赞美同学很勤奋时,你会说:______
A. How a hard-working student! B. What hard-working student!
C. What a hard-working student he is!
2.补全情景对话(用感叹句):
A: Look!We are in Ningbo now.
B: Wow!_________________________________________ (1) (多么美丽的城市啊!)
A: Yes. And ____________________________________________ (2) (这里的食物多么美味啊!)
B: Exactly. _________________________________________ (3) (这里的人们多么友好啊!)
A: Let’s take some photos.
过关训练
1.根据情景选择合适的感叹句:
(1)当你看到一场精彩的电影时,你会说:______
A. What an exciting film! B. How exciting film! C. What exciting film!
(2)当你感叹时间过得快时,你会说:______
A. How fast time fly! B. How fast time flies! C. What fast time!
(3)当你赞美老师很耐心时,你会说:______
A. What a patient teacher! B. How patient teacher! C. What patient teacher!
2.补全情景对话(用感叹句):
A: I bought a new bike.
B: ____________________________________ (1) (多么漂亮的自行车啊!)
A: Thank you. I ride it to school every day.
B: ____________________________________ (2) (你骑得多么快啊!)
A: Let’s ride together.
B: Great!_______________________________ (3) (那将会多么有趣啊!) this weekend.
一、单项选择(每题3分,共30分)
( )1. ______ a lovely girl she is!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( )2. ______ fast he runs!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( )3. ______ beautiful flowers they are!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( )4. ______ interesting book it is!
A. What B. How C. What an D. How an
( )5. ______ good weather it is today!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( )6. ______ happy they are!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( )7. ______ delicious the food is!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( )8. ______ a wonderful trip we had!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( )9. ______ carefully she studies!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( )10. ______ lovely cats they are!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
二、用What/How填空(每题2分,共20分)
1._________ a tall tree it is!
2._________ fast the boy runs!
3._________ beautiful the park is!
4._________ delicious food it is!
5._________ an interesting film we saw!
6._________ happy children they are!
7._________ well she sings!
8._________ a nice gift it is!
9._________ clean the water is!
10._________ hard-working students they are!
三、按要求完成下列各题(每题5分,共30分)
1.The boy is very clever.(改为What型感叹句)_______________________________________
2.She dances very beautifully.(改为How型感叹句)______________________________________
3.It is a cold day.(改为How型感叹句)_______________________________________
4.The cakes are delicious.(改为What型感叹句)_______________________________________
5.The music is wonderful.(改为感叹句,两种类型)______________________________________
_______________________________________
6.翻译句子:杭州是多么美丽的城市啊!(What型)_______________________________________
四、完形填空(每题4分,共20分)
Last weekend, I went to Hangzhou with my family. ______ (1) beautiful city it is!The West Lake is famous all over the world. ______ (2) clear the water is!We took many photos by the lake. ______ (3) lovely the flowers are around the lake!We also ate local food. ______ (4) delicious it is!In the afternoon, we climbed a mountain. ______ (5) high the mountain is!But we felt happy when we got to the top. It was a wonderful trip.
( )1. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( )2. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( )3. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( )4. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( )5. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
答案与解析
考点一:
考点再现
1.(1)What(2)How(3)What(4)How(5)What
2.C
3.(1)a→an(2)How→What(3)What→How(4)How→What
过关训练
1.(1)How(2)What(3)What(4)How(5)What
2.(1)What a sunny day (it is)!(2)How well she sings!(3)What an interesting film (it is)!
3.(1)T(2)F(3)F
考点二:
考点再现
1. (1)What a cute girl (she is)! (2)How fast he swims!
(3)How wonderful the trip is!(4)What delicious cakes (they are)!
2.A
3.(1)What→How
(2)How cold a day is→How cold the day is/What a cold day it is
(3)What→How/is→it is
过关训练
1. (1)What an exciting film (it is)!(2)How beautifully she dances!
(3)How difficult the question is!(4)What clean water (it is)!
2.(1)What an interesting story (it is)!(2)How well he draws!(3)What sweet apples (they are)!
3.(1)How(2)What(3)How
考点三:
考点再现
1.B
2.(1)a bad→bad(2)How→What an/How interesting book→How interesting the book(3)lovely a→a lovely (4)run→runs!
过关训练
1.C
2.(1)a good→good(2)How a→What a/How beautiful→How beautiful the(3)an happy→a happy(4)is→are
3.(1)an(2)不填(3)不填(4)a
考点四:
考点再现
1.(1)A(2)B(3)C
2.(1)What a beautiful city (it is)!(2)What delicious food (it is)!(3)How friendly the people here are!
过关训练
1. 根据情景选择合适的感叹句
(1) A (2) B (3) A
2. 补全情景对话
(1) What a beautiful bike (it is)!
(2) How fast you ride!
(3) How interesting it will be!
1.(1)A(2)B(3)A
2.(1)What a beautiful bike (it is)!(2)How fast you ride!(3)How interesting it will be!
强化训练
一、单项选择
1.A(解析:单数可数名词,What+a+形容词+名词,已有a,选What)
2.B(解析:副词fast,用How)
3.A(解析:复数名词flowers,用What)
4.C(解析:单数可数名词,interesting元音音素开头,用What an)
5.A(解析:不可数名词weather,用What)
6.B(解析:形容词happy,用How)
7.B(解析:形容词delicious,用How)
8.A(解析:单数可数名词,已有a,选What)
9.B(解析:副词carefully,用How)
10.A(解析:复数名词cats,用What)
二、用What/How填空
1.What(解析:单数可数名词tree,用What)
2.How(解析:副词fast,用How)
3.How(解析:形容词beautiful,用How)
4.What(解析:不可数名词food,用What)
5.What(解析:单数可数名词film,用What)
6.What(解析:复数名词children,用What)
7.How(解析:副词well,用How)
8.What(解析:单数可数名词gift,用What)
9.How(解析:形容词clean,用How)
10.What(解析:复数名词students,用What)
三、按要求完成下列各题
1.What a clever boy (he is)!(解析:单数可数名词,用What+a+形容词+名词)
2.How beautifully she dances!(解析:副词beautifully,用How)
3.How cold the day is!(解析:单数可数名词转换为How型,加the)
4.What delicious cakes (they are)!(解析:复数名词cakes,用What)
5.What wonderful music (it is)!/ How wonderful the music is!(解析:不可数名词,两种句型均可)
6.What a beautiful city Hangzhou is!(解析:单数可数名词city,用What+a+形容词+名词)
四、完形填空
1.C(解析:单数可数名词city,用What a)
2.B(解析:形容词clear,用How)
3.A(解析:复数名词flowers,用What)
4.B(解析:形容词delicious,用How)
5.B(解析:形容词high,用How)
浙江考情小贴士
1.感叹句是浙江小升初基础考点,分值占比4-6分,主要考察单选、填空和句型转换,难度较低但易因粗心失分;
2.高频考点集中在What/How辨析、a/an使用、句型转换,其中“ What/How混淆”“不可数名词加a/an”是最常见易错点;
3.本地常考语境:结合浙江城市(如Hangzhou、Ningbo)、景点(West Lake)、美食等场景设计题目,答题时注意名词的可数性;
4.解题技巧:先判断修饰对象(名词用what,形容词/副词用how),再根据名词可数性判断是否加a/an,最后检查语序是否正确。
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