Unit 4 Section A Grammar Focus 语法课课件 2025-2026学年人教版七年级英语下册

UNIT 4 Eat Well Grammar Focus 请做好课前准备：课本、练习册、笔 能够准确理解并应用选择疑问句的内容。 能够准确区分可数名词和不可数名词；掌握可数名词复数的变化规则和不可数名词的计量方式。 能够有健康饮食的意识，养成良好的饮食习惯。 第三课时 /ˈkʌstəmə(r)/ /sɜːv/ /ˈweɪtrəs/ /sɜː(r)/ /bɪll/ /ɪnˈsted/ /peə(r)/ /ˈʃʊɡə(r)/ customer 顾客 n. serve 提供, 服务 v. waitress 女服务员 n. sir 先生 n. instead 反而, 代替 adv. pear 梨 n. sugar 糖 n. bill 账单 n. 7:00 A.M. What do you usually have ______________? I usually have some ________ and ________. Sometimes I have _______ and ________. for breakfast bread milk eggs beans Which would you like with your meal, ____ or _______? ________, please. rice noodles Noodles Would you like _____ or ______? No, thanks. I’d like ______________. juice coffee a cup of tea What do you usually have for breakfast? I usually have some bread and milk. Sometimes I have eggs and beans. Which would you like with your meal, rice or noodles? Noodles, please! Would you like juice or coffee? No, thanks. I’d like a cup of tea. What do you usually have for breakfast? I usually have some bread and milk. Sometimes I have eggs and beans. Which would you like with your meal, rice or noodles? Noodles, please! Would you like juice or coffee? No, thanks. I’d like a cup of tea. 你通常早餐吃什么？ 我通常吃面包，喝牛奶。 有时候，我也吃鸡蛋和豆类。 你想吃什么，米饭还是面条？ 面条吧。 你想喝果汁还是咖啡？ 不了。我想要杯茶。 Presentation 3a. Read the sentences. Circle all the nouns for food and drink. What do you usually have for breakfast? I usually have some bread and milk. Sometimes I have eggs and beans. Which would you like with your meal, rice or noodles? Noodles, please! Would you like juice or coffee? No, thanks. I’d like a cup of tea. Are they countable(可数的) or uncountable(不可数的) in the context? Countable nouns可数名词 Uncountable nouns不可数名词 eggs beans noodles bread milk rice juice coffee tea Presentation 可数名词和不可数名词 可数名词 不可数名词 定义：可以用数目来计算的名词。 定义：不能用数目来计算的名词。 分类： 个体名词：表示某类人或事物中的个体。（apple） 集体名词：表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物。（people） 分类： 物质名词：表示无法分为个体的物质。（milk） 抽象名词：表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念。（health） 形式： 分为单数和复数两种形式。 前面可以用a,an、数词或some、many等修饰。 形式： 没有复数形式。 前面不能用a, an、数词或many等修饰，但可以用some, a little, much. Presentation 可数名词如何变复数 Examples bean-beans dumpling-dumplings chip-chips peach-peaches box-boxes bus-buses straberry-straberries story-stories candy-candies potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes photo-photos zoo-zoos piano-pianos leaf-leaves knife-knives scarf-scarves 规则变化 一般情况下，直接末尾加-s. 以s、x、sh、ch结尾，末尾加-es. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i，再加-es. 以“o”结尾的单词, 一般有生命加-es, 一般无生命加-s. 以“f”或“fe” 结尾，变f或fe 为v，再加-es. Presentation How to change countable nouns into plural. Examples man-men woman-women foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice goose-geese child-children ox-oxen（公牛） sheep-sheep fish-fish deer-deer（鹿） people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese Englishman-Englishmen Frenchman-Frenchmen（法国人） American-Americans German-Germans （德国人） 不规则变化 改变单词中间的元音字母 在词尾加 -en/ren 单复数同形 “某国人”变复数规则 中国、日本不变 英国、法国a变e 其余的国家加-s Presentation 表示不可数名词的量 1. 大概的量，用some, a lot of, lots of, much He’d like some milk. 2. 具体的量，用量词短语 a cup of coffee一杯咖啡, a piece of bread一片面包 a piece of advice 一条建议, a bottle of juice 一瓶果汁 量词是可数名词，注意谓语动词的变形 There are two cups of water. Presentation 既是可数又是不可数的名词 The chickens live on the farm. I usually have chicken for lunch. I catch a fish today. I eat fish with every meal. Presentation 既是可数又是不可数的名词 Words 可数 不可数 tea 一种茶 茶(总称) drink 一种饮料 饮料(总称) food 一种食物 食物或食品(总称) fruit 一种水果 水果(总称) sweet 一份甜点,糖果 甜食(总称) ice-cream 一份冰淇淋 冰淇淋(总称) cake 一块蛋糕 蛋糕(总称) salad 一份沙拉 沙拉(总称) Presentation 既是可数又是不可数的名词 Words 可数 不可数 cabbage 一颗卷心菜 切碎或煮熟后的 chicken 小鸡 鸡肉 fish 一种鱼 鱼肉 orange 一个橙子 橙汁 time 次数；倍数；时期 时间 room 房间 空间 work 作品 工作 life 生命 生活 exercise 练习 锻炼 Read the sentences. What are they in common? Do you want to play football or basketball in the garden? Would you like to eat Chinese food or Western food? What about playing a game or watching a film? Would you like a hot tofu dish or a cold one? Which would you with your meal, rice or noodles? Would you like juice or coffe? 一．意义 Would you like milk or coffee? 你要牛奶还是咖啡? Which would you like best, English, Chinese or Math? 你最喜欢哪门学科， 英语、语文还是数学? 选择疑问句 选择疑问句是提出两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择，一般用连词 or 连接。 二．选择疑问句结构： ①一般疑问句+ or+被选择的情况? e.g. Are you a doctor or a nurse? 你是医生还是护士? ②特殊疑问句, A or B? e.g. How shall we go, by bus or by taxi? 我们怎么去，乘公共汽车或乘出租车? ③or not构成的选择疑问句? e.g. Are you ready or not? 你准备好了还是没准备好? 三、选择疑问句的答语 回答选择疑问句时，一般在所提供的备选对象范围内选择，有时要视具体情况作灵活处理，但不用 Yes/No 来回答，一般用一个完整的陈述句或其简略形式。 e.g. —Which would you like, tea or coffee? —I’d like some coffee. (Coffee, please.) 不定代词作简略回答：(all, both, either, neither, none) 不定代词的回答比较灵活 e.g. —Would you like coffee or tea? —Either. I’m so thirsty (口渴的). Complete the jokes with the correct forms of the nouns in brackets. 1. Customer: Do you serve _________ (fish)? Waitress: Sir, we serve everyone. 2. Waiter: Would you like the ____ (bill) now? Customer: You can bring it over, but I’m sure I won’t like it! 3. Waitress: Would you like ________ (chip), _______ (noodle), or _____ (rice) to go with your ________(chicken)? Customer: I don’t know. Where is my chicken going? fish bill chips noodles rice chicken Countable nouns: bean, chip, cookie, dumpling, egg, noodle, strawberry, vegetable Uncountable nouns: beef, bread, meat, milk, mutton, pork, rice, sugar, tofu Countable & uncountable nouns: cabbage, cake, chicken, drink, fish, food, fruit, salad, sweet, tea Read and complete the jokes. Do you serve _____ (fish)? Sir, we serve everyone. fish serve v. 有提供和服务两层意思 serve fish 既可以指提供鱼这类食物，也可以指为鱼服务。 Read and complete the jokes. Would you like the _______ (bill) now? You can bring it over, but I'm sure I won't like it! bill would like sth. 指想要某物 would you like sth. 也可以理解成“你能否喜欢...?” Read and complete the jokes. Would you like ________ (chip), ________ (noodle) or _______ (rice) to go with your ________ (chicken)? I don't know. Where is my chicken going? chips noodles rice chicken go with sth. 可以指“搭配某物” 也可以理解成“与...去...” 1. Customer: Do you serve fish? Waitress: Sir, we serve everyone. 2. Waiter: Would you like the bill now? Customer: You can bring it over, but I’m sure I won’t like it! 3. Waitress: Would you like chips, noodles or rice to go with your chicken? Customer: I don’t know. Where is my chicken going? serve v. 提供(某物); 服务(某人) service n. 服务 servant n. 仆人 sure adj. 确信的;肯定的 be sure (that) + 句子 be sure to do sth. A go with B 伴随；搭配 The red dress goes with the black shoes. 这条红裙子和这双黑鞋很搭。 Complete the passage with the correct forms of the nouns in brackets. I try to eat healthy food every day. I eat fruit and __________ (vegetable) with every meal. I don’t eat ___________ (sweet). Instead, I have a pear, a banana, or some ______________ (strawberry)! I love juice, but my mum says that it’s not good to drink too much of it. It usually has a lot of __________ (sugar). Now I try to drink more ________(water) and ________ (milk). vegetables sweets strawberries sugar water milk try to do sth. 努力做某事 try one’s best to do sth.尽某人全力做某事 Tim tries his best to practise playing the piano. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 instead adv. 反而;代替;相反地 放句首或句末，表示不同的选择 He doesn’t eat sweets. Instead, he always eats vegetables. 他不吃甜食，相反，他总是吃蔬菜。 Imagine that your friends are at your home. Offer them food and drink. A: Would you like… or…? B: I’d like… A: What … would you like, …or…? B: …, please. Welcome to my home! It’s time for dinner. Would you like juice, tea or coffee? I’d like a cup of tea please. What would you like to have, Dongpo pork or Gongbao chicken? Gongbao chicken is fine. Coffee, please. Exercise 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. We need to buy some _______ (bread) and _______ (apple). 2. You can see much _______ (water) in the cup. 3. I need to take this box of _________ (tomato) to Gina. 4. Please bring me two _______ (cup) of tea. 5. Peter wants to buy some _______ (food) and drinks. bread apples water tomatoes cups foods Exercise 按要求完成下列各题 1.Do you like dumplings?(用 noodles 改为选择疑问句) Do you like __________ _______ __________? 2.What colour are the flowers?(用red 和yellow 改为选择疑问句) What colour are the flowers, _______ _______ _______? 3.-Would you like hamburgers or pizza?(完成答语) ____________, please. I like hamburgers very much. 4.-Which orange do you like, the big one or the small one?(完成答语) _______ _______ _______. The big one is for my brother. dumplings or noodles red or yellow Hamburgers The small one I can 能够准确理解并应用选择疑问句的内容。 能够准确区分可数名词和不可数名词；掌握可数名词复数的变化规则和不可数名词的计量方式。 能够根据语境，使用目标语法内容进行表达和交流。 能够有健康饮食的意识，养成良好的饮食习惯。 1. Do you serve fish? 你们提供鱼吗？ serve v. 提供，端上（饭菜等）；服务；接待（顾客等） serve sth. to sb. / serve sb. sth. / serve sb. with sth. e.g. She served us a delicious lunch. 她为我们提供了一顿美味的午饭。 When do you stop serving hot food? 你什么时候停止供应热食？ 2. Instead, I have a pear... 相反，我有一个梨…… instead adv. 反而；代替。在句中作状语。它可位于句尾，也可位于句首。 e.g. We have no coffee. Would you like to drink some tea instead? 我们没有咖啡了。你愿意用茶代替吗？ George didn’t plan to be a doctor. Instead, he decided to become an actor. George没有计划成为一名医生。相反，他决定成为一名演员。 instead of 代替。其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式等。 e.g. Shall we have fish instead of beef today? 我们今天能吃鱼代替牛肉吗？ Now I can walk to work instead of going by car. 现在我可以走路去上班而不是乘车。 3. I love juice, but my mum says that it’s not good to drink too much of it. 我喜欢果汁，但我妈妈说喝太多不好。 too much 太多+不可数名词 e.g. I ate too much meat today. 我今天吃了太多肉了。 选择性疑问句 选择疑问句是指说话人提出两种或两种以上情况，要求对方从中选择一种。用or连接。 对选择疑问句回答时不用yes或no，要根据实际情况选择作答。 可数名词复数的规则变化口诀 单数名词变复数，多数直接加-s； s, x, ch, sh来结尾，直接加上-es； 词尾若是f或fe，通常变成v再加-es； 辅音+y在词尾，y变i加-es； 词尾字母若是o, 加-s或者-es； 收音机、照片、动物园(radio, photo, zoo)，要加-s； 英雄、土豆、西红柿(hero, potato, tomato)，要加-es。 $