Unit 5 Helping our parents (知识清单)-2025-2026学年译林版(三起)(2012)英语五年级下册

2026-04-27
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译林版五年级下册英语U5 Helping our parents 知识点(课时分解) 一、生词解析 1. parent(名词)父或母 复数:parents 短语:help our parents 帮助我们的父母 讲解:parent 指父亲或母亲其中一方,parents 指父母双方 小试牛刀:用所给词的适当形式填空 I love my ______ (parent). They love me too. 2. clean(动词)擦,洗;(形容词)干净的 三单:cleans 现在分词:cleaning 短语:clean the car 洗车 clean the table 擦桌子 keep clean 保持干净 讲解:作动词时,意为“打扫、清洗”;作形容词时,意为“干净的” 小试牛刀:用所给词的适当形式填空 My father is ______ (clean) the car now. 3. cook(动词)烧,煮;(名词)厨师 三单:cooks 现在分词:cooking 短语:cook breakfast 做早餐 cook dinner 做晚饭 a good cook 一名好厨师 讲解:cook 作动词表示“烹饪”,作名词表示“厨师”,cooker 是厨具 小试牛刀:用所给词的适当形式填空 My mother is ______ (cook) in the kitchen. 4. sweep the floor(动词短语)扫地 现在分词:sweeping the floor 短语:sweep the floor clean 把地扫干净 讲解:sweep 为动词,意为“扫”,固定搭配 sweep the floor 小试牛刀:翻译短语 扫地 ____________ 5. busy(形容词)忙,忙碌 反义词:free 空闲的 短语:be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 be busy with sth 忙于某事 讲解:busy 后接动词时,用动词-ing形式 小试牛刀:根据句意补全句子 Helen is ______ (忙的) now. She is washing the dishes. 6. wash the dishes(动词短语)洗碗 现在分词:washing the dishes 短语:wash the dishes after dinner 晚饭后洗碗 讲解:dish 意为“碗、碟”,常用复数形式 dishes 小试牛刀:用所给词的适当形式填空 I am ______ (wash the dishes) now. 7. make the bed(动词短语)整理床铺 现在分词:making the bed 知识点:make 变现在分词去 e 加 ing 短语:make the bed for my grandma 为奶奶整理床铺 小试牛刀:翻译短语 整理床铺 ____________ 8. grow(动词)种植 三单:grows 现在分词:growing 短语:grow grapes 种葡萄 grow flowers 种花 讲解:grow 还有“生长”的含义 小试牛刀:用所给词的适当形式填空 Bobby ______ (grow) grapes in his garden. 9. garden(名词)花园,果园 短语:in the garden 在花园里 a beautiful garden 一个漂亮的花园 小试牛刀:根据句意补全句子 There are many flowers in the ______ (花园). 10. sweet(形容词)甜的;(名词)糖果 复数:sweets 短语:sweet grapes 甜葡萄 eat sweets 吃糖果 讲解:sweet 作形容词表示“甜的”,作名词表示“糖果” 小试牛刀:用所给词的适当形式填空 The grapes are very ______ (sweet). 11. pest(名词)害虫 复数:pests 短语:some pests 一些害虫 小试牛刀:用所给词的适当形式填空 There are some ______ (pest) on the grapes. 12. ladybird(名词)瓢虫 复数:ladybirds 短语:a lovely ladybird 一只可爱的瓢虫 小试牛刀:用所给词的适当形式填空 I can see two ______ (ladybird) on the leaf. 13. go away(动词短语)走了,离开 三单:goes away 现在分词:going away 短语:go away from home 离开家 小试牛刀:翻译短语 走开____________ 二、Grammar time 一、现在进行时(本单元核心语法) 1. 定义 表示此时此刻正在进行的动作,或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2. 核心结构 肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + 动词-ing + 其他. 否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词-ing + 其他. 一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词-ing + 其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + am/is/are. 否定回答:No, 主语 + am/is/are + not. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 动词-ing + 其他? 3. 动词-ing变化规则 一般情况 直接加 ing clean-cleaning, cook-cooking 以不发音的 e 结尾 去 e 加 ing make-making, write-writing 重读闭音节(辅+元+辅) 双写尾字母加 ing run-running, swim-swimming 4. 例句 - 肯定句:I am sweeping the floor. - 否定句:I am not sweeping the floor. - 一般疑问句:Are you sweeping the floor? Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. - 特殊疑问句:What are you doing? I’m sweeping the floor. 小试牛刀: 按要求完成句子 1.My mother is cooking dinner. (改为否定句) 2. They are cleaning the table. (改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答) 3. He is making the bed. (对划线部分提问) _______________________________________ 二、人称与be动词搭配 - I → am - he/she/it/单数名词 → is - we/you/they/复数名词 → are 小试牛刀:用 am/is/are 填空 1. I ______ washing the dishes. 2. Tim ______ sleeping in his bedroom. 3. They ______ eating fruit. 三、Story time 1. It is Saturday morning. 现在是周六早上。 知识点:It is + 时间. 表示“现在是……”。 2. My father is cleaning the car. I am helping him. 我爸爸在洗车,我在帮他。 知识点:help sb 帮助某人,sb 用人称代词宾格(him/her/me/them)。 3. My mother is cooking breakfast in the kitchen. 我妈妈在厨房做早餐。 知识点:in the kitchen 在厨房,为地点状语。 4. Helen is in the living room. She is sweeping the floor. 海伦在客厅,她在扫地。 知识点:in the living room 在客厅。 5. Tim is in his bedroom. He is sleeping. 蒂姆在他的卧室,他在睡觉。 知识点:in one’s bedroom 在某人的卧室。 6. In the afternoon, my cousin Jim comes. 下午,我的表弟吉姆来了。 知识点:come 来,cousin 堂/表兄弟姐妹。 7. Helen and I are helping her. Helen is washing the dishes. I am cleaning the table. 知识点:help sb 帮助某人,wash the dishes 洗碗,clean the table 擦桌子。 8. What are Tim and Jim doing? They are eating fruit in the living room. 知识点:对正在进行的动作提问用 What are ... doing? 练一练: 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. My parents ______ (clean) the house now. 2. Helen ______ (sweep) the floor in the living room. 3. What ______ you ______ (do)? I ______ (wash) clothes. 四、Sound time 字母组合 ing 发 /ɪŋ/ 1. 例词:sing, spring, bring, morning, thing 2. 歌谣: In the morning, I like to sing And watch the flowers growing. In the evening, I like to sit And listen to the wind blowing. 3. 发音规则:字母组合 ing 位于词尾时,发 /ɪŋ/,是后鼻音。 小试牛刀: 找出发音不同的一项 1. ( ) A. sing B. spring C. pen D. bring 2. ( ) A. morning B. growing C. ten D. thing 五、Cartoon time 1. Bobby grows grapes in his garden. 波比在他的花园里种葡萄。 知识点:grow grapes 种葡萄,in his garden 在他的花园里。 2. There are some pests on the grapes. 葡萄上有一些害虫。 知识点:there be 句型表示“有”,on the grapes 在葡萄上。 3. Then, some ladybirds come. 然后,一些瓢虫来了。 知识点:then 然后,ladybirds 瓢虫。 4. They can help you! 它们可以帮助你! 知识点:can 情态动词,后接动词原形。 5. The pests go away, but the ladybirds do not. 害虫走了,但是瓢虫没有。 知识点:go away 离开,but 表示转折。 6. What are you doing? We’re eating your grapes. They’re so sweet! 知识点:现在进行时的问答,sweet 甜的。 练一练: 按要求完成句子 1. Bobby grows grapes in his garden. (改为一般疑问句)  2. There are some pests on the grapes. (改为否定句)   5BU5 Helping our parents 知识点答案 一、生词解析 1. parents 2. cleaning 3. cooking 4. sweep the floor 5. busy 6. washing the dishes 7. make the bed 8. grows 9. garden 10. sweet 11. pests 12. ladybirds 13. go away 二、Grammar time 一、现在进行时 1. My mother is not cooking dinner. 2. Are they cleaning the table? Yes, they are. 3. What is he doing? 二、人称与be动词搭配 1. am 2. is 3. are 三、Story time 1. are cleaning 2. is sweeping 3. are; doing; am washing 四、Sound time 1. C 2. C 五、Cartoon time 1. Does Bobby grow grapes in his garden? 2. There aren’t any pests on the grapes. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $
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