阅读理解《猜测词义题》专练-2026届高三英语二轮复习专项

高中英语阅读理解《猜测词义题》专练 答案与解析 （一）【30题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Notice when you use a phrase like “I’m just not a _____ person”. The absolute statement signals few changes will happen. Instead of “I’m not an organized person” (identity), try “I haven’t developed strong organizational systems yet” (behavior). Identity statements feel permanent, but behavior statements feel changeable. (注意当你使用“我只是不是一个……人”这样的表述时。这种绝对的表述意味着几乎不会有什么变化。不要说“我不是一个有条理的人”(身份表述)，试着说“我还没有建立起强大的组织体系”(行为表述)。身份表述给人一种永久不变的感觉，而行为表述则给人一种可改变的感觉)”可知，作者建议把身份表述(如“我不是一个有条理的人”)转化为行为表述(如“我还没有建立起强大的组织体系”)，因为身份表述感觉是固定的，而行为表述感觉是可以改变的，这表明自我概念是可以改变的，也就是具有可调整性的，所以malleable意思是“可调整的”。A. Predictable可预测的；B. Available可获得的；C. Sustainable可持续的；D. Adjustable可调整的。故选D。 （二）【29题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Genetic diversity acts as a natural barrier against environmental changes. Different crop varieties respond differently to stressors, providing farmers with options to manage risks.( 遗传多样性是抵御环境变化的天然屏障。不同的作物品种对压力源的反应不同，为农民提供了管理风险的选择。)”以及划线单词句中“When one crop fails, others can …, helping to safeguard harvests and livelihoods.( 当一种作物歉收时，其他作物可以……，有助于保障收成和生计。)”可知，遗传多样性是应对环境变化的天然屏障，不同作物品种对压力源反应不同，当一种作物歉收时，其他作物可以“弥补损失”，从而保障收成和生计，“compensate”意思是“弥补；补偿”，与C选项“Make up for the loss(弥补损失)”意思相近。故选C项。 （三）【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“The only caveats are that conditions in the container must be kept above 90℃, and the light must remain on the whole time.(唯一的caveats是容器内的条件必须保持在 90℃以上，并且光线必须持续照射。)”可知，caveats指该技术在操作中需要满足的条件或要求，与“Requirements(要求)”含义一致。故选B。 （四）【11题详解】 词义猜测题。根据最后一段 “we hope our study can decipher the bigger picture of what causes earthquakes(我们希望我们的研究能够_____地震成因的更大图景)”可知，decipher后的宾语是 “地震成因的更大图景”，结合前文研究的目的是弄清楚太阳活动与地震的关系，以帮助预测地震，也就是要“揭示”地震成因等相关内容，所以 decipher应表示“揭示、解读”之意。故选 A。 （五）【4题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段中“In this fast-paced world, quiet moments are often spent staring at a phone screen. For those suffering from the inability to switch off and reconnect with themselves, Deborah Alma, a poet, may have just what the doctor ordered. (在这个快节奏的世界里，安静的时刻往往是在盯着手机屏幕中度过的。对于那些无法关机、无法与自己重新建立联系的人来说，诗人Deborah Alma或许正好提供了what the doctor ordered。)”可知，Deborah Alma为那些无法关机、无法与自己重新建立联系的人提供帮助，即医生所建议的东西，再结合下文她创办的诗歌药房，通过诗歌为人们提供心理健康支持可知，划线部分指的是一种替代性的心理健康护理。故选B项。 （六）【33题详解】 词义猜测题。根据前文“To visualize these changes, the scientists used a system measuring how many new “predictions” the brain makes of words that could come next in a sentence. It was then tested against three different parsing (语法分析) strategies, or linguistic models that illustrate how the brain builds information over time.(为了可视化这些变化，科学家们使用了一种系统来测量大脑对句子中接下来可能出现的单词做出了多少新的“预测”。然后它进行了三种不同的解析策略或语言模型的测试，这些策略或语言模型说明了大脑如何随着时间的推移构建信息)”可知，it指代前句提到的系统，即对这种系统进行了三种测试。故选A。 （七）【28题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“Continuous partial attention, termed by researchers, occurs when individuals attempt to monitor multiple digital streams together without fully concentrating on any single one. Unlike purposeful multitasking, this state leaves teenagers in a repeated condition of mental overload.(研究人员所称的“持续性部分注意力”状态，指的是人们试图同时监控多个数字信息流，却无法完全专注于任何一个。与有目的的多任务处理不同，这种状态使青少年反复陷入……。)”可推测，“持续性部分注意力”状态下，青少年试图同时处理多个数字信息流，导致大脑无法专注于一个信息流。“mental overload”指的是无法专注。故选B。 （8） 【7题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Camila recently graduated from the program and is ready for kindergarten.(Camila最近从这个项目中毕业了，现在已经准备好上幼儿园了)”及下文“for helping get her there”可知，Camila顺利毕业，Vea Lopez认为是 “家长即教师” 项目帮助Camila成长，所以她应该是感激这个项目。由此可知，feels indebted to表示“感到感激或欠某人的情”，C选项“Credits”有“归功于；感激”的意思，最贴近“feels indebted to”的含义。故选C。 （九）【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“Some boosters argue that these advancements will allow anyone with an idea to create music. But some artists have reacted with anger that something so personal as their voice or musical style could be commercialised for someone else’s gain. (一些支持者认为，这些进步将使得任何有想法的人都能创作音乐。但一些艺术家对此表示愤怒，因为他们认为像自己的声音或音乐风格这样私人的东西竟然能被商业化，以供他人获利。)”可知，在未来几年里，将在保护艺术家权益、推动创新以及确定人和机器在音乐创作中的辅助角色之间探索平衡。由此可知，The push-and-pull意为“平衡”。故选D。 （十）【35题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“Young people’s capacities for innovation and communication are valuable assets in disaster response and recovery.(年轻人的创新能力和沟通能力是灾害应对和恢复过程中的宝贵财富)”可知，年轻人在灾害防范中很重要。再根据划线单词所在句““Our research underscores the need for including young people as key stakeholders in disaster preparedness.” Kruger said. “As highlighted by the United Nations Office of Disaster Risk Reduction’s Youth Engagement Action Plan, their active contribution is indispensable.”(Kruger说：“我们的研究……将年轻人作为灾害防范中的关键利益相关者的必要性。正如联合国减少灾害风险办公室的《青年参与行动计划》所强调的那样，他们的积极贡献是不可或缺的。”)”可知，年轻人的积极贡献是不可或缺的，所以研究应该是“强调了”将年轻人作为灾害防范中关键利益相关者的必要性。选项D“Emphasizes”，意为“强调”，与此相符。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高中英语阅读理解《猜测词义题》专练 一、词义猜测题. 提问方式. ·The word "...."refers to /probably means.... · The underlined word "...."could be best replaced by.... ·What do you think the expression"...."stands for? ·By saying "..."we mean.... · "...."as used in the passage can best be defined as.w0r9 · Which of the foulowing words can take the place of the wo".." 命题规律 1)通过上下文来推测词义 通读上下文，根据上下文的语句猜测词义. 二、专项练习 （一） Yet your self-concept is malleable by design. Notice when you use a phrase like “I’m just not a ___28___ person”. The absolute statement signals few changes will happen. Instead of “I’m not an organized person” (identity), try “I haven’t developed strong organizational systems yet” (behavior). Identity statements feel permanent, but behavior statements feel changeable. Identifying these habits also gives you insight into a solution you can practice and improve. 30. What does the underlined word “malleable” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Predictable. B. Available. C. Sustainable. D. Adjustable. （二） Genetic diversity acts as a natural barrier against environmental changes. Different crop varieties respond differently to stressors, providing farmers with options to manage risks. When one crop fails, others can compensate, helping to safeguard harvests and livelihoods. However, as the diversity on our farms drops, farmers have fewer tools to adapt to the growing challenge brought on by environmental change. 29. What does the underlined word “compensate” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Suffer from the risk. B. Speed up the recovery. C. Make up for the loss. D. Increase the diversity. （三） The new process involves placing the plastic substances in a chemical liquid and then shining a violet light on it as reactions in the liquid take place — no substance that promotes reactions is needed. The only caveats are that conditions in the container must be kept above 90℃, and the light must remain on the whole time. Once finished, the result is a container filled with monomers and other chemicals, which can be easily separated and recycled. 13. What does the underlined word “caveats” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Results. B. Requirements. C. Advantages. D. Barriers. （四） The findings suggest the transfer of solar heat to the surface of the Earth does affect earthquakes, however minutely, and that incorporating solar activity predictions into detailed Earth temperature models may help issue earthquake forecasts. “It’s an exciting direction, and we hope our study can decipher the bigger picture of what causes earthquakes,” said Saldanha. 11. What does the underlined word “decipher” in the last paragraph mean? A. Reveal. B. Distinguish. C. Expand. D. Assess. （五） In this fast-paced world, quiet moments are often spent staring at a phone screen. For those suffering from the inability to switch off and reconnect with themselves, Deborah Alma, a poet, may have just what the doctor ordered. She founded the Poetry Pharmacy, which aims to ease worry with words, allowing visitors to book poetry consultations for personalized advice or pick up a quick fix off the shelves. 4. What does the underlined phrase “what the doctor ordered” refer to? A. Pills for physical health. B. An alternative mental health care. C. Regulations on screen exposure. D. A detection of Internet addiction. （六） The researchers observed variations in Dutch-speaking (说荷兰语的) participants’ brain waves while they listened to a Dutch-language audiobook. To visualize these changes, the scientists used a system measuring how many new “predictions” the brain makes of words that could come next in a sentence. It was then tested against three different parsing (语法分析) strategies, or linguistic models that illustrate how the brain builds information over time. 33. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. The system. B. The audiobook. C. The brain. D. The sentence. （七） Continuous partial attention, termed by researchers, occurs when individuals attempt to monitor multiple digital streams together without fully concentrating on any single one. Unlike purposeful multitasking, this state leaves teenagers in a repeated condition of mental overload. Professor Linda Stone, who first identified the behavior, explains, “It’s not that teens can’t focus–it’s that their focus is always divided.” 28. What does the underlined phrase “mental overload” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Constantly switching tasks. B. Struggling to stay focused. C. Taking in too much at once. D. Feeling emotionally exhausted. （8） During home visits, the parent educator introduced the family to activities that support social-emotional development, such as being able to recognize and label emotions. Vea Lopez notices the impact these activities have had on her daughter. “I see that Camila’s confidence and self-esteem have grown. She began to open up to me more and talk about when she was feeling anxious or what she needed support with.” said Vea Lopez. Camil a recently graduated from the program and is ready for kindergarten. Vea Lopez feels indebted to Parents as Teachers for helping get her there. 7. What do the underlined words “feels indebted to” mean in the last paragraph? A. Sponsors. B. Boosts. C. Credits. D. Assesses. （九） Some boosters argue that these advancements will allow anyone with an idea to create music. But some artists have reacted with anger that something so personal as their voice or musical style could be commercialised for someone else’s gain. The push-and-pull between protecting artists, driving innovations, and determining the supportive roles for man and machine in music creation will be explored for years to come. 5. What does the underlined phrase “The push-and-pull” in paragraph 3 mean? A. The competition. B. The responsibility. C. The equality. D. The balance. （十） “Our research underscores the need for including young people as key stakeholders in disaster preparedness.” Kruger said. “As highlighted by the United Nations Office of Disaster Risk Reduction’s Youth Engagement Action Plan, their active contribution is indispensable.” 35. What does the underlined word “underscores” mean in the last paragraph? A. Discovers. B. Argues. C. Advocates. D. Emphasizes. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $