Unit 6 I love literature! 宾语从句-【简语法-单元核心语法精练】英语八年级下册（冀教版）

该初中英语学习任务单以“Unit 6 I love literature!（宾语从句）”为核心，整体目标是引导学生系统掌握宾语从句的引导词用法、语序规则及时态变化，构建从语法理解到综合运用的完整能力体系。导学设计通过“核心语法回顾-专项能力突破-解题综合提升”三阶递进，将知识点与练习任务紧密关联，形成连贯的学习路径。 亮点在于“语法规则可视化+分层任务训练”的设计，如宾语从句引导词/语序时态总表清晰呈现that、if-whether、疑问词的用法及陈述语序、主从时态呼应等规则，搭配单句语法填空、完成句子及6篇语篇选词填空任务，培养学生语言能力（准确理解与表达复杂句式）和思维品质（分析语法逻辑）。每模块附典型例句与注意事项，为学生提供学习支架，也为教师实施单元复习提供针对性教学指导。

单元核心语法精练 Unit 6 I love literature!（新教材冀教版） （宾语从句） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一：宾语从句引导词用法总表 本表系统梳理that /if-whether/ 疑问词用法、规则与例句，清晰掌握考点。 语法模块 核心要点 具体规则 典型例句 that 引导陈述句 无词义，可省；从句完整 I know (that) he is right. if/whether 引导一般问句 意为 “是否” I wonder if he will come. 疑问词 引导特殊问句 what/who/when/where/how Can you tell me where he lives? 使用注意事项 1. 宾语从句必须使用陈述语序，引导词后一定先接主语再接谓语。 例句：I don’t know where he is from. 2. 主句为一般过去时，从句通常使用相应的过去时态，真理除外。 例句：She said that she would go there. 3. 主语为第一人称，think/believe 后要进行否定转移。 例句：I don’t think he is right. 二：宾语从句语序 & 时态规则总表 本表完整呈现语序、时态、特殊句型三大必考规则，直接对应考试题型。 规则类别 具体说明 典型例句 陈述语序 引导词 + 主语 + 谓语，不用倒装 Do you know what he likes? 主现从不限 主句现在时，从句可用任意时态 He says that he is reading. 主过从必过 主句过去时，从句用相应过去时 He said that he was tired. 真理永一现 客观真理永远用一般现在时 The teacher said that the earth is round. 使用注意事项 1. 所有宾语从句都必须遵守陈述语序，这是考试最常考的易错点。 例句：Could you tell me how I can get there? 2. 疑问词引导的从句可以简化为 “疑问词 + to do” 简单句。 例句：I don’t know what to do next. 3. it 可作形式宾语，真正的宾语从句放在句尾。 例句：I find it important that we should study hard. 一、单句语法填空（15 题） 1. Could you tell me ________ the library opens every day? 答案：when 解析：句意：你能告诉我图书馆每天什么时候开门吗？宾语从句用陈述语序，根据答语可知用 when 引导时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时。 2. I don’t know ________ he will come tomorrow. 答案：if/whether 解析：句意：我不知道他明天是否会来。if/whether 意为 “是否”，引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，时态根据时间状语 tomorrow 用一般将来时。 3. Do you know ________ she is late again? 答案：why 解析：句意：你知道她为什么又迟到了吗？why 引导宾语从句表示原因，从句使用陈述语序，主句为一般现在时，从句时态根据实际情况使用。 4. I want to know ________ you have been to. 答案：where 解析：句意：我想知道你去过哪里。where 引导宾语从句并在从句中作地点状语，从句必须用陈述语序，主句现在时从句不受限制。 5. He asked ________ I had been to Beijing before. 答案：if/whether 解析：句意：他问我以前是否去过北京。主句为一般过去时，宾语从句要用相应过去时态，if/whether 表示 “是否”，从句用陈述语序。 6. The teacher told us ________ the sun rises in the east. 答案：that 解析：句意：老师告诉我们太阳从东方升起。宾语从句是客观真理，无论主句时态如何，从句永远用一般现在时，that 引导陈述句。 7. I don’t believe ________ he can finish it on time. 答案：that 解析：句意：我相信他不能按时完成。主句主语为第一人称，think/believe 后要否定转移，从句用陈述语序，that 引导陈述句可省略。 8. Could you tell me ________ I can buy a map? 答案：where 解析：句意：你能告诉我在哪里能买到地图吗？where 引导宾语从句作地点状语，从句必须用陈述语序，主句是委婉语气，从句时态不变。 9. He asked ________ wrong with me. 答案：what was 解析：句意：他问我怎么了。what 是宾语从句的主语，从句本身就是陈述语序，主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态。 10. I wonder ________ you have finished your homework. 答案：if/whether 解析：句意：我想知道你是否已经完成作业。if/whether 引导宾语从句表示 “是否”，从句用陈述语序，主句现在时从句可用完成时。 11. Do you know ________ bag this is? 答案：whose 解析：句意：你知道这是谁的包吗？whose 在从句中作定语修饰 bag，引导宾语从句，整个结构保持陈述语序，不能拆分。 12. I don’t know ________ to do next. 答案：what 解析：句意：我不知道接下来做什么。宾语从句可简化为 “疑问词 + to do” 结构，what 在不定式中作 do 的宾语，构成简单句。 13. She said ________ she would go shopping. 答案：that 解析：句意：她说她要去购物。主句为一般过去时，宾语从句用过去将来时，that 引导陈述句，在口语中可以省略。 14. Can you tell me ________ you live? 答案：where 解析：句意：你能告诉我你住在哪里吗？where 引导宾语从句作地点状语，从句必须用陈述语序，即主语在前谓语在后。 15. I find ________ important that we should learn English well. 答案：it 解析：句意：我发现我们学好英语很重要。it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面 that 引导的从句，构成固定句型。 二、完成句子填空（15 题） 1. 你能告诉我怎样到达车站吗？ Could you tell me ________ I can ________ to the station? 答案：how; get 解析：句意：你能告诉我怎样到达车站吗？how 引导宾语从句表示方式，从句必须用陈述语序，情态动词 can 后接动词原形 get。 2. 我想知道他是否喜欢音乐。 I wonder ________ he ________ music. 答案：if/whether; likes 解析：句意：我想知道他是否喜欢音乐。if/whether 引导宾语从句表示 “是否”，主句为一般现在时，从句根据事实用一般现在时。 3. 你知道他住哪里吗？ Do you know ________ he ________? 答案：where; lives 解析：句意：你知道他住哪里吗？where 引导宾语从句作地点状语，从句必须用陈述语序，主句现在时从句用一般现在时。 4. 老师说地球绕着太阳转。 The teacher said ________ the earth ________ around the sun. 答案：that; goes 解析：句意：老师说地球绕着太阳转。宾语从句是客观真理，永远用一般现在时，不受主句过去时态影响，that 引导陈述句。 5. 我不知道下一步该做什么。 I don’t know ________ ________ ________ next. 答案：what to do 解析：句意：我不知道下一步该做什么。宾语从句可简化为 “疑问词 + to do” 结构，what 作 do 的宾语，构成简单句，更简洁常用。 6. 我认为他不会来。 I ________ ________ he will come. 答案：don’t think 解析：句意：我认为他不会来。主句主语是第一人称 I，动词为 think，否定要转移到主句，从句用肯定形式，保持陈述语序。 7. 你能告诉我会议什么时候开始吗？ Could you tell me ________ the meeting ________? 答案：when; starts 解析：句意：你能告诉我会议什么时候开始吗？when 引导宾语从句表时间，从句用陈述语序，主句委婉语气，从句用一般现在时。 8. 他问我是否能帮忙。 He asked me ________ I ________ help him. 答案：if/whether; could 解析：句意：他问我是否能帮忙。主句为一般过去时，宾语从句要用相应过去时态，if/whether 表示 “是否”，从句用陈述语序。 9. 我发现记住这些单词很难。 I find ________ hard ________ I should remember these words. 答案：it; that 解析：句意：我发现记住这些单词很难。it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面 that 引导的从句，构成常用句型结构。 10. 你知道她在说什么吗？ Do you know ________ she ________ about? 答案：what; is talking 解析：句意：你知道她在说什么吗？what 引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语，从句必须用陈述语序，主句现在时从句可用进行时。 11. 我问他谁是你的老师。 I asked him ________ ________ your teacher. 答案：who was 解析：句意：我问他谁是你的老师。who 在宾语从句中作主语，本身就是陈述语序，主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态。 12. 你能告诉我这是谁的书吗？ Could you tell me ________ book this ________? 答案：whose; is 解析：句意：你能告诉我这是谁的书吗？whose 作定语修饰 book，引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，be 动词放在主语后。 13. 他说他正在看电视。 He said ________ he ________ TV. 答案：that; was watching 解析：句意：他说他正在看电视。主句为一般过去时，宾语从句表示过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，that 引导陈述句。 14. 我不知道他多大。 I don’t know ________ ________ he is. 答案：how old 解析：句意：我不知道他多大。how old 引导宾语从句表示年龄，从句必须用陈述语序，即主语在前，be 动词在后。 15. 我想知道我们什么时候开会。 I wonder ________ we ________ have the meeting. 答案：when; will 解析：句意：我想知道我们什么时候开会。when 引导宾语从句表将来时间，主句现在时，从句用一般将来时，陈述语序。 Passage 1 请从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空。每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项 to she what since continue compare throw explain opinion clear different perhaps Wang Bo lived in a house close to the sea, so he could see the sea through the windows. Every morning, he went for a walk along the beach. In his 1 , walking helped him to relax and get ready for his working day. One 2 morning, Wang Bo saw a girl near the water. The girl was bending down (弯腰) and then standing up—he wasn’t sure 3 she was doing. So he decided to find out. When getting close 4 girl, he noticed on the beach there were lots of starfish. The girl was picking them up, one at a time, and then 5 them back into the sea. Wang Bo asked her what she was doing. The girl stopped and 6 that she was saving the starfish. She said, “The sun is up, and the tide (潮水) is going out. If I don’t help them, they will die.” Then the girl 7 to pick up the starfish. Wang Bo thought that she was wasting 8 time. So he said, “But look, there are 9 hundreds of starfish here. You can’t pick them all up and throw them back.” The girl picked up another starfish and said to Wang Bo, “I think at least I made a(n) 10 to this one.” 【答案】 1．opinion 2．clear 3．what 4．to 5．throwing 6．explained 7．continued 8．her 9．perhaps 10．difference 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了王博在海边遇到一个女孩拯救海星的故事，通过对话展现了女孩的善良和坚持。 1．句意：在王博看来，散步帮助他放松并为工作日做好准备。in one’s opinion“在某人看来”，是固定搭配。故填opinion。 2．句意：一个晴朗的早晨，王博在水边看到一个女孩。修饰名词“morning”需用形容词，结合选项可知，此处指一个晴朗的早晨，clear“晴朗的”。故填clear。 3．句意：女孩弯下腰，然后站了起来——他不知道她在做什么。空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作宾语，what“什么”符合。故填what。 4．句意：当靠近那个女孩时，他注意到海滩上有许多海星。get close to“接近”，是固定搭配。故填to。 5．句意：女孩一个接一个地捡起它们，然后把它们扔回海里。根据下文“You can’t pick them all up and throw them back.”可知，此处指扔回海里，与“picking”并列，需用throwing。故填throwing。 6．句意：女孩停下来解释她在拯救海星。根据上文“Wang Bo asked her what she was doing.”可知，进行解释，explain“解释”，句子时态为一般过去时。故填explained。 7．句意：然后女孩继续捡起海星。根据上文“The girl stopped”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指继续捡起海星，continue“继续”，句子时态为一般过去时。故填continued。 8．句意：王博认为她在浪费她的时间。指代“女孩的时间”需用形容词性物主代词“her”。故填her。 9．句意：但看，这里有或许数百只海星。表示不确定的推测需用副词“perhaps”。故填perhaps。 10．句意：我想至少我改变了这一只。make a difference“产生影响”，是固定搭配。故填difference。 Passage 2 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 they    awful    one    hardly    after    what    treat    hard    improve    how    laugh    part In the past. I didn’t get on well with my parents. I 1 talked to them because they liked to compare me with my sister. And that made me feel unhappy and 2 . I didn’t know 3 I could do. Sometimes I even argued (争吵) with them about this. But I wanted to show 4 that I could do things as well as my sister. Then I began to spend most of my free time painting in my bedroom. Luckily, my art teacher, Miss Green, offered me a lot of help. She taught me some drawing skills to help 5 my paintings. At that time, I only wanted to communicate with her. One day, I told Miss Green how my parents 6 me. She encouraged me to take 7 in a painting competition. She said the best way to communicate with my parents was to prove (证明) myself to them. 8 a few weeks’ waiting, the result finally came out. I got the 9 prize! When I took the prize home, my parents were so happy that they couldn’t stop 10 all the time! And they began to care more about me. Now, relations (关系) between my parents and me are very good. 【答案】 1. hardly 2. awful 3. what 4. them 5. to improve/improve 6. treated 7. part 8. After 9. first 10. laughing 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者过去与父母关系不好，后来通过参加绘画比赛证明自己，最终改善了与父母的关系。 1. 句意：我几乎不和他们说话，因为他们喜欢拿我和我姐姐比较。空处修饰动词“talked”，填副词作状语。根据“I didn’t get on well with my parents.”和备选词汇可知，由于与父母关系不好，作者很少与父母谈话。hardly“几乎不”，副词。故填hardly。 2. 句意：并且这让我感到不开心和糟糕。空处由and连接，与“unhappy”是并列关系，填形容词作表语。根据“that made me feel unhappy”和备选词汇可知，此处指拿作者和姐姐比较让作者感到很糟糕。awful“糟糕的”，形容词。故填awful。 3. 句意：我不知道我能做什么。空处到“do”位于动词know后，为宾语从句，空处填从属连词，且在从句中作“do”的宾语。根据“Sometimes I even argued (争吵) with them about this.”和备选词汇可知，此处指作者不知道还能做什么。用what“什么”引导宾语从句。故填what。 4. 句意：但我想向他们证明我可以做得和我姐姐一样好。根据“I could do things as well as my sister”和备选词汇可知，此处指向父母“他们”证明，自己也能做得很好。they“他们”，主格。空处位于动词“show”后，填宾格的them作宾语。故填them。 5. 句意：她教我一些绘画技巧来帮助提高我的画作。根据“my paintings”和备选词汇可知，此处指老师帮助作者完善画。help to do sth或help do sth“帮助做某事”，空处填动词不定式或动词原形。improve“完善，提高”，动词，不定式为to improve。故填to improve/improve。 6. 句意：有一天，我告诉格林小姐我的父母是如何对待我的。此处为how引导的宾语从句，根据“I told Miss Green”可知，此句时态遵循“主过从必过”。空处位于从句主语“my parents”后，填动词过去式作谓语。根据“how my parents”和备选词汇可知，此处指告诉老师父母是如何对待自己的。treat“对待”，动词，过去式为treated。故填treated。 7. 句意：她鼓励我参加绘画比赛。根据“a painting competition”和备选词汇可知，此处指参加比赛。take part in“参加”，固定搭配。故填part。 8. 句意：经过几周的等待，结果终于出来了。根据“the result finally came out”和备选词汇可知，等待了几周之后，出结果了。after“在……之后”，介词，位于句首，首字母大写。故填After。 9. 句意：我获得了一等奖！根据“When I took the prize home, my parents were so happy”和备选词汇可知，此处指获得一等奖。空处填序数词表示顺序。one“一个”，基数词，序数词为first。故填first。 10. 句意：当我把奖拿回家时，我的父母高兴得笑个不停。couldn’t stop doing sth“无法停止做某事”，空处填动词ing形式。根据“my parents were so happy”和备选词汇可知，此处指开心地笑个不停。laugh“大笑”，动词，ing形式为laughing。故填laughing。 Passage 3 根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空。 if  while  so  bookshop  pick  lucky  whether  when  that  because 1 I was in primary school, I fell in love with reading. I liked reading 2 the books brought a wonderful world to me. The more I read, the more I wanted to know. However, my parents were 3 poor that they could not afford so many books. I had to solve the problem myself. There was a 4 near my home. One day I walked into the bookshop and 5 up a book. I didn’t know 6 I could read there without buying any books. To make sure, I just read a few pages and then put it back. 7 , no one noticed me. After that, I went there to read every day. Several days later, 8 I was reading, the owner came up and asked, “Do you like reading?” I looked down and replied nervously, “Yes.” “Don’t worry,” he said with a smile. “You may read books here 9 you help me clean the shop.” I felt quite excited, “Wow! It’s so kind of you!” From then on, I spent a little time cleaning the shop. After that, I quietly read there. Finally, I became one of the best writers in our school. Now studying in high school, I can borrow books from the library. My hobby of reading is kept. I think 10 it will make a big difference to my life. 【答案】 1. When 2. because 3. so 4. bookshop 5. picked 6. whether 7. Luckily 8. while 9. if 10. that 【导语】本文讲述了作者从小热爱阅读，但因家庭贫困无法购买大量书籍，于是通过在书店偷偷阅读的方式满足自己的兴趣。后来书店老板允许作者通过帮忙打扫书店来换取阅读机会，最终作者成为学校里最优秀的作家之一。 1. 句意：当我在上小学的时候，我爱上了阅读。根据“...I was in primary school, I fell in love with reading.”和备选词可知，此处表达当我在上小学的时候，when“当……时候”符合句意。故填When。 2. 句意：我喜欢阅读，因为书给我带来了一个奇妙的世界。根据“I liked reading...the books brought a wonderful world to me.”可知，前后句为因果关系，前果后因，用because“因为”连接。故填because。 3. 句意：然而，我的父母太穷了，买不起这么多书。根据“However, my parents were...poor that they could not afford so many books.”可知，此处表达父母太穷了，买不起书，so...that...“如此……以至于……”符合句意。故填so。 4. 句意：我家附近有一家书店。根据“One day I walked into the bookshop”可知，此处表达有一家书店，bookshop“书店”符合句意。故填bookshop。 5. 句意：一天，我走进书店，拿起一本书。根据“...up a book”和备选词可知，此处表达拿起一本书，pick up“拿起”符合句意，根据“One day I walked into the bookshop”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填picked。 6. 句意：我不知道是否可以在不买任何书的情况下在那里阅读。根据“I didn’t know...I could read there without buying any books.”和备选词可知，此处表达不知道是否可以在不买书的情况下在那里阅读，whether“是否”符合句意。故填whether。 7. 句意：幸运的是，没有人注意到我。根据“no one noticed me”和备选词可知，此处表达幸运的是，lucky“幸运的”为形容词，此处用副词luckily“幸运地”修饰整个句子，首字母大写。故填Luckily。 8. 句意：几天后，当我在看书的时候，店主走过来问：“你喜欢读书吗？”根据“...I was reading, the owner came up and asked”和备选词可知，此处表达当我在看书的时候，while“当……时候”符合句意。故填while。 9. 句意：如果你帮我打扫商店，你可以在这里看书。根据“You may read books here...you help me clean the shop.”和备选词可知，此处表达如果你帮我打扫商店，if“如果”符合句意。故填if。 10. 句意：我认为这会对我的生活产生很大的影响。根据“I think...it will make a big difference to my life.”可知，此处表达我认为，think后接宾语从句，从句不缺成分，用that引导。故填that。 Passage 4 词语运用。阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 put, sell, as, secret, try, how, worry, you, terrible, actually A salesman of a breath mint company (薄荷糖公司) had to meet with his boss one day. He was a bit 1 about the meeting, but he didn’t need to be. In fact, his boss wanted to congratulate him on 2 so many breath mints. His boss also wanted to know one thing. “I have to know— 3 did you sell so many mints? My other salespeople didn’t sell nearly as many as you do. What’s your 4 ?” the boss asked. “It’s 5 quite simple once you see it in action. Here, allow me to show you right now!” the salesman said. He first put a bag of chips (薯片) on his boss’s desk, along with some dip (蘸酱) for the chips. He then 6 up a sign that said, “Please help 7 to some chips and dip.” The boss 8 the chips and dip. He spat (吐) them out. “Oh my goodness! These taste terrible!” the boss shouted. “What on earth are you doing?” “That’s right. They do taste 9 . Perhaps you’d like a breath mint?” the salesman said 10 he held out a box of the company’s mints. 【答案】 1. worried 2. selling 3. how 4. secret 5. actually 6. put 7. yourself/yourselves 8. tried 9. terrible 10. as 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了薄荷糖公司的一名销售员因销售业绩突出，老板向他询问销售秘诀，销售员通过让老板尝试难吃的薯片和蘸酱，然后适时推荐薄荷糖的方式，展示了他的销售方法。 1. 句意：他有点担心会议，但他不需要担心。根据“but he didn’t need to be. In fact, his boss wanted to congratulate him”及所给单词可知，他是有点担心会议，worry“担心”，动词，系动词was后面用形容词worried“担心的”作表语。故填worried。 2. 句意：事实上，他的老板想祝贺他卖出了这么多薄荷糖。根据“congratulate him on… so many breath mints.”及所给单词可知，是祝贺他卖出这么多薄荷糖，sell“卖”，介词on后面加动名词形式。故填selling。 3. 句意：我必须知道你怎么卖了这么多薄荷糖。根据“I have to know—… did you sell so many mints?”及所给单词可知，是想知道如何卖了这么多薄荷糖，how“怎样”符合题意。故填how。 4. 句意：“你的秘诀是什么？”老板问。根据“I have to know—how did you sell so many mints?”及所给单词可知，是想知道他卖薄荷糖的秘诀，secret“秘密”符合题意。故填secret。 5. 句意：一旦你看到它的实际效果，其实很简单。根据“It’s… quite simple”及所给单词可知，此处是表达实际上是很简单的，actually“实际上”符合题意。故填actually。 6. 句意：然后，他竖起一块牌子，上面写着：“请自己享用一些薯片配蘸酱”。根据题意和所给单词可知，put up“竖起”，固定搭配，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式put。故填put。 7. 句意：然后，他竖起一块牌子，上面写着：“请自己享用一些薯片配蘸酱”。根据题意和所给单词可知，help oneself“请自便”，固定搭配，空处用you的反身代词yourself“你自己”或yourselves“你们自己”。故填yourself/yourselves。 8. 句意：老板试了试薯片和蘸酱。根据“He spat them out.”和所给单词可知，老板尝试了薯片和蘸酱，try“尝试”符合题意，且时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式tried。故填tried。 9. 句意：它们的味道确实很糟糕。根据“These taste terrible!”和所给单词可知，是它们尝起来很糟糕，terrible“糟糕的”符合题意，形容词作表语。故填terrible。 10. 句意：“也许你想要一个薄荷糖？”推销员边说边拿出一盒公司的薄荷糖。根据“the salesman said… he held out a box of the company’s mints.”和所给单词可知，此处表示边说边拿出公司的薄荷糖，两个动作同时进行，用as“当……时候”连接。故填as。 Passage 5 根据短文内容，从方框中选词并用其适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、通顺。 happens, saw, disappointing, feel, for, worst, why, spent, trying, carefully Carol has been studying hard and hoping to make progress in her math. Every day she listens 1 and does math exercises during the class and lunchtime. But her grades in the last term were 2 . “I was really sad when I 3 the result. I have 4 so much time on it, but I don’t know 5 ,” she said. One of the 6 feelings in the world is that you have done something hard but it doesn’t work. For middle school students, it may make you 7 helpless if you have studied for months but only take home disappointing grades. If this 8 to you, you need to ask someone 9 help. Maybe a friend, a classmate, or your teacher. And also you need to be patient (有耐心的). Keep 10 and in the end you’ll get better grades. Good luck! 【答案】 1. carefully 2. disappointing 3. saw 4. spent 5. why 6. worst 7. feel 8. happens 9. for 10. trying 【导语】本文讲述了Carol经过几个月的努力，数学成绩依然令人失望，Carol很沮丧，对于中学生来说这的确让人懊恼，但是作者告诉我们不要放弃，向别人求助，坚持努力，最后一定能成功。 1. 句意：每天她都认真听讲，在课堂上和午餐时间做数学练习。根据“Every day she listens...and does math exercises during the class and lunchtime.”和备选词可知，她很努力学习，每天认真听讲，空处修饰动词listens，应用副词carefully“认真地”，listen carefully“认真听”。故填carefully。 2. 句意：但她上学期的成绩令人失望。根据“Every day she listens...and does math exercises during the class and lunchtime. But her grades in the last term were...”和下文“only take home disappointing grades”以及备选词可知，她的努力换来的成绩却不尽人意，disappointing“令人失望的”符合语境，作表语。故填disappointing。 3. 句意：当我看到分数时，我真的很难过。根据“I was really sad when I...the result.”和备选词可知，看到了分数之后，感到很难过。结合“was”可知，句子用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式saw。故填saw。 4. 句意：我在这件事上花了这么多时间，但我不知道为什么。根据“I have...so much time on it”和备选词可知，此处是spend time on“花费时间在某事上”，是固定搭配，空前是助动词have，空处应是过去分词spent。故填spent。 5. 句意：我在这件事上花了这么多时间，但我不知道为什么。根据“I have...so much time on it, but I don’t know...”和备选词可知，想知道努力了却没有进步的原因，why符合语境。故填why。 6. 句意：世界上最糟糕的感受之一就是你努力做了某件事，却没有成效。根据“One of the...feelings in the world is that you have done something hard but it doesn’t work.”和备选词可知，此处指“世界上最糟糕的感受之一”，one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”，空处应是worst“最糟糕的”。故填worst。 7. 句意：对于中学生来说，如果你努力学习了好几个月，最终带回家的成绩却令人失望，这可能会让你感到无助。根据“t may make you...helpless if you have studied for months but only take home disappointing grades”和备选词可知，如果学习了几个月但是带回家的却是令人失望的成绩，它可能使你感到无助，make sb. do“使某人做某事”，空处应是动词原形feel“感觉到”。故填feel。 8. 句意：如果这种情况发生在你身上，你需要向他人求助。根据“If this...to you,”和备选词可知，此处是happen to sb.“发生在某人身上”，if引导条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”，从句用一般现在时，主语是this，谓语动词用三单形式，故填happens。 9. 句意：如果这种情况发生在你身上，你需要向他人求助。ask sb. for help“向某人寻求帮助”，是固定搭配，故填for。 10. 句意：继续努力，最终你会取得更好的成绩。根据“Keep...and in the end you’ll get better grades.”和备选词可知，此处指继续努力不放弃，keep trying“继续努力”，固定搭配。故填trying。 Passage 6 ask   when   hope   always   kitchen   make   how   surprised   time   delicious   sick A girl told her mom everything was going wrong with her. She 1 failed her math exams so that she didn’t like to study at all. After hearing her daughter’s words, the nice mother thought of a good way 2 her daughter happy. “I will make a 3 cake for you,” said the mom. She went into the 4 ,and the daughter followed her. 5 the mom prepared the cookers and ingredients, the daughter sat next to the kitchen door, watching her. Her mom 6 her, “My dear, would you like a piece of cake?” The daughter answered, “Mom! You know 7 I love cake!” “All right,” the mom said. “Drink some of this cooking oil.” The daughter was very 8 and said, “What? No!” “How about some raw (生的) eggs?” asked the mom and the daughter answered, “No!” “How about some flour?” “No, Mom! I will be 9 !” The mother smiled and said, “All of these are uncooked and taste bad, but if you put them together, they will become a delicious cake. Life works in the same way. Although there are many difficult 10 , we’ll become better than before if we face them bravely. Having a great day also means having a great CAKE! Keep the 11 and one day your day is A PIECE OF CAKE!” 【答案】 1. always 2. to make 3. delicious 4. kitchen 5. When 6. asked 7. how 8. surprised 9. sick 10. times 11．hope 【导语】文主要讲述了一位母亲通过做蛋糕的过程，向女儿传达生活道理的故事。 1. 句意：一个女孩告诉妈妈她一切都不顺利。她数学考试总是不及格，所以她一点都不喜欢学习了。根据“failed her math exams so that she didn’t like to study at all”以及备选词汇可知，这里是说她总是数学考试不及格，always“总是”，符合语境。故填always。 2. 句意：听了女儿的话后，这位好妈妈想出了一个让女儿开心的好办法。根据“her daughter happy”以及备选词汇可知，是让女儿开心的办法，“make sb. happy”表示“让某人开心”，a good way to do sth.“做某事的好方法”。故填to make。 3. 句意：妈妈说：“我要给你做一个美味的蛋糕。”根据“cake”以及备选词汇可知，是做一个美味的蛋糕，delicious “美味的”，形容词修饰名词cake。故填 delicious。 4. 句意：她走进厨房，女儿跟着她。根据“prepared the cookers and ingredients”以及备选词汇可知，做蛋糕要去厨房，kitchen“厨房”，符合语境。故填kitchen。 5. 句意：当妈妈准备厨具和食材时，女儿坐在厨房门旁边看着她。根据“the mom prepared the cookers and ingredients, the daughter sat next to the kitchen door, watching her.”以及备选词汇可知，此处用when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”。故填When。 6. 句意：她妈妈问她：“亲爱的，你想要一块蛋糕吗？”根据“My dear, would you like a piece of cake?”以及备选词汇可知，妈妈是问女儿，ask“问”，结合上下文时态，用一般过去时，ask的过去式是asked。故填asked。 7. 句意：女儿回答：“妈妈！你知道我有多喜欢蛋糕！”根据“I love cake”以及备选词汇可知，是说多么喜欢蛋糕，how“多么”，引导宾语从句。故填how。 8. 句意：女儿非常惊讶，说：“什么？不！”根据“Drink some of this cooking oil.”以及备选词汇可知，妈妈让女儿喝食用油，女儿很惊讶，surprised“惊讶的”，形容词作表语。故填surprised。 9. 句意：“来点生鸡蛋怎么样？”妈妈问，女儿回答：“不！不，妈妈！我会生病的！”根据“How about some raw (生的) eggs?”以及备选词汇可知，吃生鸡蛋会生病，sick“生病的”，符合语境，故填sick。 10. 句意：虽然有很多困难的时候，但如果我们勇敢地面对，我们会比以前更好。根据“many difficult”以及备选词汇可知，是很多困难的时期，time“时期”，many修饰可数名词复数。故填times。 11．句意：保持希望，总有一天你的日子会像蛋糕一样轻松！根据“Keep the ... and one day your day is A PIECE OF CAKE!”以及备选词汇可知，是保持希望，hope“希望”，不可数名词。故填hope。 14 / 15乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $单元核心语法精练 Unit 6 I love literature!（新教材冀教版） （宾语从句） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一：宾语从句引导词用法总表 本表系统梳理that /if-whether/ 疑问词用法、规则与例句，清晰掌握考点。 语法模块 核心要点 具体规则 典型例句 that 引导陈述句 无词义，可省；从句完整 I know (that) he is right. if/whether 引导一般问句 意为 “是否” I wonder if he will come. 疑问词 引导特殊问句 what/who/when/where/how Can you tell me where he lives? 使用注意事项 1. 宾语从句必须使用陈述语序，引导词后一定先接主语再接谓语。 例句：I don’t know where he is from. 2. 主句为一般过去时，从句通常使用相应的过去时态，真理除外。 例句：She said that she would go there. 3. 主语为第一人称，think/believe 后要进行否定转移。 例句：I don’t think he is right. 二：宾语从句语序 & 时态规则总表 本表完整呈现语序、时态、特殊句型三大必考规则，直接对应考试题型。 规则类别 具体说明 典型例句 陈述语序 引导词 + 主语 + 谓语，不用倒装 Do you know what he likes? 主现从不限 主句现在时，从句可用任意时态 He says that he is reading. 主过从必过 主句过去时，从句用相应过去时 He said that he was tired. 真理永一现 客观真理永远用一般现在时 The teacher said that the earth is round. 使用注意事项 1. 所有宾语从句都必须遵守陈述语序，这是考试最常考的易错点。 例句：Could you tell me how I can get there? 2. 疑问词引导的从句可以简化为 “疑问词 + to do” 简单句。 例句：I don’t know what to do next. 3. it 可作形式宾语，真正的宾语从句放在句尾。 例句：I find it important that we should study hard. 一、单句语法填空（15 题） 1. Could you tell me ________ the library opens every day? 2. I don’t know ________ he will come tomorrow. 3. Do you know ________ she is late again? 4. I want to know ________ you have been to. 5. He asked ________ I had been to Beijing before. 6. The teacher told us ________ the sun rises in the east. 7. I don’t believe ________ he can finish it on time. 8. Could you tell me ________ I can buy a map? 9. He asked ________ wrong with me. 10. I wonder ________ you have finished your homework. 11. Do you know ________ bag this is? 12. I don’t know ________ to do next. 13. She said ________ she would go shopping. 14. Can you tell me ________ you live? 15. I find ________ important that we should learn English well. 二、完成句子填空（15 题） 1. 你能告诉我怎样到达车站吗？ Could you tell me ________ I can ________ to the station? 2. 我想知道他是否喜欢音乐。 I wonder ________ he ________ music. 3. 你知道他住哪里吗？ Do you know ________ he ________? 4. 老师说地球绕着太阳转。 The teacher said ________ the earth ________ around the sun. 5. 我不知道下一步该做什么。 I don’t know ________ ________ ________ next. 6. 我认为他不会来。 I ________ ________ he will come. 7. 你能告诉我会议什么时候开始吗？ Could you tell me ________ the meeting ________? 8. 他问我是否能帮忙。 He asked me ________ I ________ help him. 9. 我发现记住这些单词很难。 I find ________ hard ________ I should remember these words. 10. 你知道她在说什么吗？ Do you know ________ she ________ about? 11. 我问他谁是你的老师。 I asked him ________ ________ your teacher. 12. 你能告诉我这是谁的书吗？ Could you tell me ________ book this ________? 13. 他说他正在看电视。 He said ________ he ________ TV. 14. 我不知道他多大。 I don’t know ________ ________ he is. 15. 我想知道我们什么时候开会。 I wonder ________ we ________ have the meeting. Passage 1 请从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空。每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项 to she what since continue compare throw explain opinion clear different perhaps Wang Bo lived in a house close to the sea, so he could see the sea through the windows. Every morning, he went for a walk along the beach. In his 1 , walking helped him to relax and get ready for his working day. One 2 morning, Wang Bo saw a girl near the water. The girl was bending down (弯腰) and then standing up—he wasn’t sure 3 she was doing. So he decided to find out. When getting close 4 girl, he noticed on the beach there were lots of starfish. The girl was picking them up, one at a time, and then 5 them back into the sea. Wang Bo asked her what she was doing. The girl stopped and 6 that she was saving the starfish. She said, “The sun is up, and the tide (潮水) is going out. If I don’t help them, they will die.” Then the girl 7 to pick up the starfish. Wang Bo thought that she was wasting 8 time. So he said, “But look, there are 9 hundreds of starfish here. You can’t pick them all up and throw them back.” The girl picked up another starfish and said to Wang Bo, “I think at least I made a(n) 10 to this one.” Passage 2 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 they    awful    one    hardly    after    what    treat    hard    improve    how    laugh    part In the past. I didn’t get on well with my parents. I 1 talked to them because they liked to compare me with my sister. And that made me feel unhappy and 2 . I didn’t know 3 I could do. Sometimes I even argued (争吵) with them about this. But I wanted to show 4 that I could do things as well as my sister. Then I began to spend most of my free time painting in my bedroom. Luckily, my art teacher, Miss Green, offered me a lot of help. She taught me some drawing skills to help 5 my paintings. At that time, I only wanted to communicate with her. One day, I told Miss Green how my parents 6 me. She encouraged me to take 7 in a painting competition. She said the best way to communicate with my parents was to prove (证明) myself to them. 8 a few weeks’ waiting, the result finally came out. I got the 9 prize! When I took the prize home, my parents were so happy that they couldn’t stop 10 all the time! And they began to care more about me. Now, relations (关系) between my parents and me are very good. Passage 3 根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空。 if  while  so  bookshop  pick  lucky  whether  when  that  because 1 I was in primary school, I fell in love with reading. I liked reading 2 the books brought a wonderful world to me. The more I read, the more I wanted to know. However, my parents were 3 poor that they could not afford so many books. I had to solve the problem myself. There was a 4 near my home. One day I walked into the bookshop and 5 up a book. I didn’t know 6 I could read there without buying any books. To make sure, I just read a few pages and then put it back. 7 , no one noticed me. After that, I went there to read every day. Several days later, 8 I was reading, the owner came up and asked, “Do you like reading?” I looked down and replied nervously, “Yes.” “Don’t worry,” he said with a smile. “You may read books here 9 you help me clean the shop.” I felt quite excited, “Wow! It’s so kind of you!” From then on, I spent a little time cleaning the shop. After that, I quietly read there. Finally, I became one of the best writers in our school. Now studying in high school, I can borrow books from the library. My hobby of reading is kept. I think 10 it will make a big difference to my life. Passage 4 词语运用。阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 put, sell, as, secret, try, how, worry, you, terrible, actually A salesman of a breath mint company (薄荷糖公司) had to meet with his boss one day. He was a bit 1 about the meeting, but he didn’t need to be. In fact, his boss wanted to congratulate him on 2 so many breath mints. His boss also wanted to know one thing. “I have to know— 3 did you sell so many mints? My other salespeople didn’t sell nearly as many as you do. What’s your 4 ?” the boss asked. “It’s 5 quite simple once you see it in action. Here, allow me to show you right now!” the salesman said. He first put a bag of chips (薯片) on his boss’s desk, along with some dip (蘸酱) for the chips. He then 6 up a sign that said, “Please help 7 to some chips and dip.” The boss 8 the chips and dip. He spat (吐) them out. “Oh my goodness! These taste terrible!” the boss shouted. “What on earth are you doing?” “That’s right. They do taste 9 . Perhaps you’d like a breath mint?” the salesman said 10 he held out a box of the company’s mints. Passage 5 根据短文内容，从方框中选词并用其适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、通顺。 happens, saw, disappointing, feel, for, worst, why, spent, trying, carefully Carol has been studying hard and hoping to make progress in her math. Every day she listens 1 and does math exercises during the class and lunchtime. But her grades in the last term were 2 . “I was really sad when I 3 the result. I have 4 so much time on it, but I don’t know 5 ,” she said. One of the 6 feelings in the world is that you have done something hard but it doesn’t work. For middle school students, it may make you 7 helpless if you have studied for months but only take home disappointing grades. If this 8 to you, you need to ask someone 9 help. Maybe a friend, a classmate, or your teacher. And also you need to be patient (有耐心的). Keep 10 and in the end you’ll get better grades. Good luck! Passage 6 ask   when   hope   always   kitchen   make   how   surprised   time   delicious   sick A girl told her mom everything was going wrong with her. She 1 failed her math exams so that she didn’t like to study at all. After hearing her daughter’s words, the nice mother thought of a good way 2 her daughter happy. “I will make a 3 cake for you,” said the mom. She went into the 4 ,and the daughter followed her. 5 the mom prepared the cookers and ingredients, the daughter sat next to the kitchen door, watching her. Her mom 6 her, “My dear, would you like a piece of cake?” The daughter answered, “Mom! You know 7 I love cake!” “All right,” the mom said. “Drink some of this cooking oil.” The daughter was very 8 and said, “What? No!” “How about some raw (生的) eggs?” asked the mom and the daughter answered, “No!” “How about some flour?” “No, Mom! I will be 9 !” The mother smiled and said, “All of these are uncooked and taste bad, but if you put them together, they will become a delicious cake. Life works in the same way. Although there are many difficult 10 , we’ll become better than before if we face them bravely. Having a great day also means having a great CAKE! Keep the 11 and one day your day is A PIECE OF CAKE!” 7 / 7乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $