专题 13 动词（复习课件）-2026年小升初英语复习讲练测（全国通用版）

小升初英语专题总复习 专题13 动词 小升初英语专题总复习 专题13 动词 小升初英语专题总复习 专题13 动词 动词定义 动词是表示动作或状态的词类。它是英语句子的灵魂，任何一个完整的英文句子都离不开动词。例如： 动作： run跑, eat吃, play玩 状态： is是, have有, like喜欢, look看起来 1 动词分类 2 动词形式 3 动词时态 4 强化训练 01 动词分类 动词分类 一、实义动词 1.定义：实义动词是指有实际意义，并且能独立在句子中作谓语的动词。 例如：eat吃、drink喝、play玩、sleep睡 2.如何理解：看见这个词，脑子里就能出现一个具体的动作或事情。 例如：实义动词：run 跑)，看到这个词脑子里有跑的画面。 助动词：do，没有实际含义，脑子里没有画面，只是语法工具。 动词分类 3.小学常见的实义动词： 动作类实义动词： 单词 中文 单词 中文 单词 中文 单词 中文 run 跑 jump 跳 sing 唱 dance 跳舞 swim 游泳 read 读 write 写 draw 画画 open 打开 close 关闭 stand 站 sit 坐 动词分类 日常行为实义动词： 单词 中文 单词 中文 单词 中文 单词 中文 go 去 come 来 eat 吃 drink 喝 play 玩 get 得到 make 制作 take 拿 put 放 look 看 listen 听 watch 观看 see 看见 say 说 tell 告诉 speak 讲 动词分类 心理/意愿实义动词： 单词 中文 单词 中文 单词 中文 单词 中文 like 喜欢 love 爱 want 想要 hope 希望 help 帮助 learn 学习 study 学习 work 工作 动词分类 二、系动词 1.定义：系动词，也称连系动词，是用于连接主语和表语的动词。它本身有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和后面的表语一起构成复合谓语。 2.如何理解：系动词就像一座桥，把主语和描述主语的词（表语）连接起来。主语+系动词(桥)+表语(描述). 动词分类 3.小学常见的系动词： 状态系动词，be动词 主语 现在时 过去时 I am was He / She / It is was You / We / They are were 动词分类 口诀：I用am，You用are，is连着他、她、它。单数用is，复数用are，不要混淆记牢它。 例句：I am a pupil. 我是一位小学生。 My mother is a teacher.我的妈妈是一位教师。 We are in the classroom. 我们在教室里。 动词分类 感官系动词 系动词 含义 例句 look 看起来 You look happy today.你今天看起来很开心。 sound 听起来 The music sounds beautiful.这首音乐听起来很美妙。 feel 摸起来；感觉 The blanket feels soft.这毯子摸起来很柔软。 taste 尝起来 The cake tastes delicious.这蛋糕尝起来很美味。 smell 闻起来 The flowers smell sweet.这些花闻起来很香甜。 动词分类 表示变化的系动词 系动词 含义 例句 become 变得，成为 He became a doctor. 他成为了一名医生。 get 变得 It gets dark. 变暗了。 turn 转变（多用于颜色） Leaves turn yellow. 叶子变黄了。 动词分类 三、助动词 1.定义：自己没有实际动作意思，不能单独作谓语，是帮助主要动词（实义动词）构成各种语法形式的，如否定句、疑问句、时态。 2.如何理解：帮忙的动词，自己不干活，只帮别人干活。就像建筑工地的"脚手架"，本身不是房子，但帮助房子建起来。帮助动词变否定、变疑问、变时态、变语态。 动词分类 3.小学常见助动词： 助动词 用法 句式 例句 do 主语 I /you/we /they 否定：don’t I don’t like apples.   疑问：Do...? Do you like dogs? does 主语 he /she/it 否定：doesn’t He doesn’t go to school.  did   疑问：Does...? Does she like music? 所有人称（过去时） 否定：didn’t I didn’t watch TV.   疑问：Did...? Did you go there? do/does/did帮助实义动词变否定、疑问。 动词分类 其他： 助动词 主要作用 例子 will / would 帮助构成将来时 I will go to school. have / has / had 帮助构成完成时 I have finished my homework. be (am/is/are) 帮助构成进行时和被动语态 He is reading. 注意： be动词既可以是助动词，也可以是系动词； have既可以是助动词，也可以是实义动词，需要根据用法判断。 动词分类 四、情态动词 1.定义：表示语气、态度、能力、许可、意愿的词。自己不能单独作谓语，必须和实义动词原形一起用。 2.如何理解：情态动词是“动词小领导”，它站在动词前面，告诉别人这件事是“能”做、“可以”做、“必须”做还是“应该”做。 动词分类 3.小学常见情态动词： 情态动词 意思 否定形式 用法 例句 can 能，会 can’t 表示能力、许可 I can swim. 我会游泳。 may 可以，也许 may not 表示请求、许可 May I come in? 我可以进来吗？ must 必须 mustn’t 表示必须、禁止 You must go to school. 你必须上学。 should 应该 shouldn’t 表示建议、应该 You should study hard. 你应该努力学习。 will 将要，愿意 won’t 表示将来、意愿 I will help you. 我会帮你。 动词分类 注意：情态动词的用法 特征 说明 正确例句 错误例句 1. 后跟动词原形 情态动词+动词原形 I can swim. I can swims/swimming. 2. 无人称变化 所有人称都用同一形式 He can swim. He cans swim. 3. 否定直接加not 情态动词+ not I can’t swim. I don't can swim. 4. 疑问直接提前 情态动词提到句首 Can you swim? Do you can swim? 考点再现 单项选择。 ( ) 1. I ____ a student. A. am　 B. is　 C. are ( ) 2. She ____ very happy today. A. look　 B. looks　 C. looking ( ) 3. They ____ in the classroom. A. am　 B. is　 C. are ( ) 4. The cake ____ delicious. A. taste　 B. tastes　 C. tasting ( ) 5. Leaves ____ yellow in autumn. A. turns　 B. turn　 C. turned A 动词分类 B C B B 过关训练 判断正 (T) 误 (F)，并改正。 ( )1.He can swims. ________________ ( )2.She is a teacher. ________________ ( )3.Do you can sing? ________________ ( )4.I doesn’t like apples. ________________ ( )5.They looks happy. ________________ F 动词分类 T F F F swims →swim Can you sing? doesn’t →don’t looks → look 02 动词形式 动词形式 一、动词第三人称单数形式 1.定义：当主语是“他、她、它”（he, she, it）或单数名词（如a student, my mother）时，动词要发生变化，就是三单形式。 动词形式 2.变化规则 变化规则 例词 例句 A. 一般情况：直接加 -s play → plays run → runs eat → eats She sings very well. B. 以 s, x, ch, sh, o 结尾：加 -es pass → passes watch → watches go → goes Amy watches TV every day. 动词形式 2.变化规则 变化规则 例词 例句 C. 辅音字母+y结尾：变y为i，再加-es study → studies fly → flies He studies English every day. D. 特殊变化 do → does go → goes have → has It has a long tail. 动词形式 二、现在分词 1.定义：动词后面加-ing，通常表示“正在做某事”，和be动词（am, is, are）一起用。 动词形式 2.变化规则（小学必记）： 变化规则 例词 例句 A. 一般情况：直接加-ing read → reading play → playing draw → drawing I am reading a book. B. 以不发音的e结尾：去e，再加-ing write → writing dance → dancing close → closing She is dancing in the classroom. C. 重读闭音节：双写末尾辅音，再加-ing run → running swim → swimming sit → sitting They are swimming in the pool. 动词形式 三、动词过去式 1.定义：表示“过去发生的动作”，句子中通常有过去的时间（如yesterday, last week, just now）。 动词形式 2.规则变化（加-ed） 变化规则 例词 A. 一般情况：直接加 -ed play → played walk → walked B. 以 e 结尾：加 -d like → liked dance → danced C. 辅音字母 + y 结尾：变 y 为 i，再加 -ed study → studied D. 重读闭音节：双写末尾辅音，再加 -ed stop → stopped 动词形式 不规则变化： 动词原形 过去式 例句 go去 went I went to school yesterday. do做 did She did her homework last night. eat吃 ate We ate apples this morning. drink喝 drank He drank milk for breakfast. read读 read（发音不同） I read a book last week. write写 wrote She wrote a letter yesterday. sing唱歌 sang They sang songs at the party. swim游泳 swam He swam in the river last summer. take带；拿 took My mother took a photo yesterday. have有 had I had a good time last weekend. 考点再现 单项选择。 ( ) 1. She ______ TV every evening. A. watch　 B. watches　 C. watching ( ) 2. They ______ in the pool now. A. swim　 B. swims　 C. are swimming ( ) 3. I ______ a book last week. A. read　　 B. reads　　 C. reading ( ) 4. He ______ his homework last night. A. do　　 B. did　　 C. does ( ) 5. My mother ______ a photo yesterday. A. take　　 B. takes　　 C. took 动词形式 B C A B C 用所给动词的正确形式填空 1.He often _______________ (play) football after school. 2.Look! They _______________ (swim) in the river. 3.She _______________ (write) a letter yesterday. 4.My father _______________ (watch) TV every evening. 5.We _______________ (eat) apples this morning. 过关训练 动词形式 plays are swimming wrote watches ate 03 动词时态 动词时态 一、一般现在时 1.定义：一般现在时 (Simple Present Tense) 表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。 2.用法： 用法类型 具体说明 例句 1. 经常性、习惯性的动作 每天 / 每周 / 经常做的事 I get up at 7 every day. 2. 客观事实、普遍真理 永远正确的道理 The sun rises in the east. 3. 现在的状态、特征 描述人 / 物的特点 She is tall. 4. 格言、谚语 流传下来的道理 Time is money. 动词时态 3.时间标志词 类别 标志词 含义 例句 频率副词 always 总是 He always gets up early. usually 通常 I usually walk to school. often 经常 They often play football. sometimes 有时 She sometimes watches TV. never 从不 We never eat junk food. 动词时态 3.时间标志词 类别 标志词 含义 例句 every… every day 每天 I read books every day. every week 每周 They visit grandma every week. every morning 每天早上 He runs every morning. 次数表达 once a week 每周一次 We have English class once a week. twice a month 每月两次 She goes swimming twice a month. 动词时态 4.一般现在时句型结构 A.be型 句型 公式 例句 肯定句 主语 + be + 其他 He is a teacher. 否定句 主语 + be + not + 其他 He is not (isn't) a teacher. 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 + 其他？ Is he a teacher? 肯定回答 Yes, 主语 + be. Yes, he is. 否定回答 No, 主语 + be + not. No, he is not. 动词时态 B.实义动词型 句型 公式 例句 肯定句 主语 + 动词（原形 / 三单） He likes apples. 否定句 主语 + do/does + not + 动词原形 He does not (doesn't) like apples. 一般疑问句 Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形？ Does he like apples? 肯定回答 Yes, 主语 + do/does. Yes, he does. 否定回答 No, 主语 + do/does + not. No, he does not (doesn't). 动词时态 二、现在进行时 1.定义：现在进行时表示现在正在发生或正在进行的动作。 2.用法： 用法 说明 例句 此刻正在进行的动作 说话时正在发生 I am reading a book now. 我现在正在读书。 当前阶段正在做的事 最近一段时间在做，不一定此刻 He is studying for the exam these days. 他这些天在备考。 动词时态 3.标志性时间词： 类别 标志词 含义 例句 此刻 now 现在 I am eating now. at the moment 此刻 He is sleeping at the moment. right now 就在现在 We are playing right now. 动词时态 3.标志性时间词： 类别 标志词 含义 例句 祈使 / 提醒 Look! 看！ Look! The bird is flying. Listen! 听！ Listen! Someone is singing. Be quiet! 安静！ Be quiet! The baby is sleeping. 当前阶段 these days 这些天 She is working hard these days. this week 这周 They are staying here this week. 动词时态 4.现在进行时句型结构 A.基本公式: 主语 + be动词 (am/is/are) + 动词的现在分词 (-ing形式) 主语 be 动词 例句 I am I am eating. He / She / It is He is running. / It is raining. You / We / They are You are sleeping. / They are playing. 动词时态 三、一般将来时 1.定义：一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或将来存在的状态。 2.用法： 用法 说明 例句 1. 打算做某事 计划好要做的事 I am going to visit my grandma this weekend. 2. 预测将要发生 根据迹象推测 Look at the clouds! It is going to rain. 3. 意愿/承诺 愿意做某事 I will help you with your homework. 4. 临时决定 说话时刚决定 The phone is ringing. I will answer it. 动词时态 3.时间标志词： 类别 标志词 含义 例句 明天 tomorrow 明天 I will go to the park tomorrow. tomorrow morning 明天早上 She is going to leave tomorrow morning. 下周 next week 下周 They will come next week. next Sunday 下周日 We are going to have a party next Sunday. next month 下个月 He will start school next month. 明年 next year 明年 I am going to be 10 next year. 动词时态 3.时间标志词： 类别 标志词 含义 例句 将来 in the future 将来 I will be a teacher in the future. soon soon 很快 The bus will come soon. tonight tonight 今晚 What are you going to do tonight? this... this afternoon 今天下午 We will meet this afternoon. this evening 今晚 I am going to watch TV this evening. this weekend 这周末 They will go camping this weekend. 动词时态 4.一般将来时句型结构： A. will句型结构 主语 肯定句 否定句 疑问句 I I will go. I will not (won't) go. Will I go? You You will go. You won't go. Will you go? He/She/It He will go. He won't go. Will he go? We We will go. We won't go. Will we go? They They will go. They won't go. Will they go? 动词时态 B. be going to句型结构 主语 be 动词 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 I am I am going to play football. I am not going to play football. Am I going to play football? He/She/It is He is going to play football. He is not (isn't) going to play football. Is he going to play football? You/We/They are They are going to play football. They are not (aren't) going to play football. Are they going to play football? 动词时态 四、一般过去时 1.定义：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或过去存在的状态。 2.用法： 用法 说明 例句 1. 过去某个时间发生的动作 明确的过去时间点 I went to the park yesterday. 2. 过去经常发生的动作 过去的习惯 I often played football when I was 5. 3. 过去存在的状态 过去是什么样 She was happy yesterday. 4. 一连串过去的动作 叙述过去的事情 He got up, had breakfast, and went to school. 动词时态 3.时间标志词： 类别 标志词 含义 例句 昨天 yesterday 昨天 I visited my grandma yesterday. yesterday morning 昨天早上 He left yesterday morning. yesterday afternoon 昨天下午 We played football yesterday afternoon. last night 昨晚 I watched TV last night. 动词时态 3.时间标志词： 类别 标志词 含义 例句 上周 / 月 / 年 last week 上周 They moved here last week. last month 上个月 She started school last month. last year 去年 We went to Beijing last year. last Sunday 上周日 He came last Sunday. 动词时态 3.时间标志词： 类别 标志词 含义 例句 … 前 … ago … 前 I met him two days ago. a week ago 一周前 She called me a week ago. a year ago 一年前 They got married a year ago. 刚才 just now 刚才 He left just now. 特定时间 in 2020 在 2020 年 I started school in 2020. when I was 5 我 5 岁时 I could swim when I was 5. 动词时态 4.一般过去时的句型结构： A.be动词型 主语 be 动词（过去式） 例句 I was I was a student. He / She / It was He was happy. / It was rainy. You / We / They were You were late. / They were at home. 动词时态 句型 公式 例句 肯定句 主语 + was/were + 其他 He was at home yesterday. 否定句 主语 + was/were + not + 其他 He was not (wasn't) at home. 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 其他？ Was he at home yesterday? 肯定回答 Yes, 主语 + was/were. Yes, he was. 否定回答 No, 主语 + was/were + not. No, he wasn't. 动词时态 B.实义动词型 主语 动词形式 例句 所有人称 动词过去式 I played football. / He played football. 句型 公式 例句 肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式 He played football yesterday. 否定句 主语 + did not (didn't) + 动词原形 He didn't play football yesterday. 动词时态 B.实义动词型 主语 动词形式 例句 一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形？ Did he play football yesterday? 肯定回答 Yes, 主语 + did. Yes, he did. 否定回答 No, 主语 + did not (didn't). No, he didn't. 单项选择 ( )1. —What __________ you do on weekends? —I often read books. A. do B. does C. did ( )2. Look! The birds __________ in the tree. A. sing B. are singing C. sang ( )3. I __________ to the park tomorrow. A. go B. will go C. went ( )4. He __________ TV last night. A. watch B. watches C. watched ( )5. __________ you at home yesterday? A. Are B. Were C. Was 考点再现 A 动词时态 B B C B 过关训练 一、选出不同类的一项。 ( )1.A. often B. tomorrow C. usually ( )2.A. now B. look C. last week ( )3.A. yesterday B. ago C. next ( )4.A. am B. was C. were ( )5.A. played B. goes C. will B 动词时态 B C A C 过关训练 二、用所给动词的正确形式填空 1. I often __________ (watch) TV in the evening. 2. Listen! She __________ (sing) in the room. 3. They ______________________ (go) to Beijing next week. 4. He __________ (play) football yesterday. 5. My mother __________ (cook) dinner now. watch 动词时态 is singing will go / are going to go played is cooking 04 强化训练 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1.— Which word is a modal verb? — ______ A. play B. can C. am ( ) 2.My brother ______ his room every Saturday. He ______ it now. A. cleans; is tidying B. clean; tidies C. cleaning; tidied ( ) 3.— ______ you swim last summer? — No, I ______. But I ______ swim now. A. Can; can’t; can B. Could; couldn’t; can C. Did; didn’t; could B A B ( ) 4.The soup ______ very sweet. My mom ______ it carefully. A. tastes; cooks B. taste; cook C. is tasting; is cooking ( ) 5.— What ______ you ______ last night? — I ______ a storybook. A. do; do; read B. did; do; read C. are; doing; read A B 二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。 1. Look! The cat _________ (chase) a mouse. It _________ (run) very fast. 2. We ______ (visit) the Great Wall next month. It ______ (be) a great trip. 3. Lily _________ (not like) milk. She ______ (drink) juice every morning. 4. — ______ your father ______ (work) in a hospital? — Yes, he ______. He _____________ (work) there for 5 years. 5. They ______ (have) a picnic yesterday. The weather ______ (be) sunny. is chasing is running will visit / are going to visit will be / is going to be doesn't like drinks Does work does has worked had was 三、情景对话。 ( ) 1.—What does your sister usually do on Sundays? ( ) 2.—Is that boy your cousin? ( ) 3.—How was your weekend? ( ) 4.—What will you do this afternoon? ( ) 5.—Can you speak English? B A. Yes, he is. He’s my uncle’s son. B. She usually practices the piano. C. I will help my mom cook dinner. D. No, I can’t. But I can sing. E. It was great! I went to the zoo. A E C D 四、判断正 (T) 误 (F)，并改正错误。 ( )1.He can plays football well. ___________ ( )2.The flowers smell beautifully. ___________ ( )3.They are go to school by bus every day. ___________ ( )4.Did you ate breakfast at home this morning? ___________ ( )5.She is looking happy today. She looks a cat now. ___________ F F F F F plays→play beautifully → beautiful 去掉are ate → eat is looking → looks, looks → is looking Thank you! Thank you! Thank you! $动词分类大闯关 tion S 小升初英语复习必备！动词是句子的脊梁。 你能分清实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词吗？ 拖动单词到正确的分类框中，挑战最高分！ 开始挑战 第1关 得分：0 进度：0/5Verb Master! 挑战动词变形关卡， 成为小升初英语学霸！ ©玩法：根据提示选出正确的动词形式 凸奖励：连续答对获得更高分数 总目标：完成所有关卡挑战 开始挑战Tense Time Traveler 欢迎来到时空实验室！时空机器发生了故障，动词时态散落在了不 同的时空维度。作为时空旅行者，你需要通过识别正确的时态来修 复时间线。 Past:过去发生的动作 Present::经常或现在的动作 Future:将要发生的动作 Continuous:正在进行的动作 开启时空之旅