Unit 8 A green world（阅读回答问题专练）英语新教材译林版八年级下册

Unit 8 A green world阅读回答问题专练 话题: 环保、绿色 基础篇 01 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 A popular saying goes, “One person’s junk is another person’s treasure.” There certainly is some truth in it. Rather than using paint, ink or other traditional materials, many artists are turning to discarded (废弃的) materials for creating their artwork. It’s a well-known fact that artists have been using discarded resources for a long time. One of the reasons for this is that traditional art resources such as paint, clay and metal can be extremely expensive. Another reason is that some artists want to bring attention to the fact that people throw away a lot of perfectly useful items. Artists may seem avant-garde (前卫的) by using garbage as the material for their artwork. For example, most people wouldn’t think that a plastic bag would have an artistic purpose. However, some artists have shown photos of breathtaking landscapes and ocean surfaces created using only plastic bags. And something called “auto-destructive art” is another example. The idea began to exist during the 1960s. This means that an object doesn’t start out as art. It becomes beautiful as it breaks or becomes old and worn. If you have seen broken glass, you can understand this idea better. Some artists just want to create something that will make people think about important problems. One popular theme in art is the importance of reducing environmental waste. A few years ago, a large work of art called World of Litter received international attention. The artist, Peter Singer, created a huge globe that floated on water. It was bigger than some of the local boats! Singer created it by collecting hundreds of bottles and other forms of plastic waste. The discarded materials make beautiful artwork. Besides, they provide hope for the future by bringing about environmental awareness. 1．What are many artists turning to for creating artwork rather than using paint, ink or other traditional materials? 2．When did the idea “auto-destructive art” begin to exist? 3．How did Peter Singer create his artwork called World of Litter? 4．Would you like to create artwork by using discarded materials? Why? (List at least two reasons.) 【答案】1．Discarded materials. 2．During the 1960s. 3．By collecting hundreds of bottles and other forms of plastic waste. 4．开放式问题，答案不唯一，合理即可。示例：Yes, I would. Because it helps reduce environmental waste and it is a creative way to express ideas. (或：No, I wouldn’t. Because it might be hard to find suitable materials and the artwork may not last long.) 【导语】本文主要讲述了艺术家使用废弃材料进行艺术创作的现象，分析了使用废弃材料的原因（成本高、引起对浪费问题的关注），并举例介绍了“自毁艺术”和彼得·辛格用塑料垃圾创作的大型地球作品，最后指出废弃材料既能创造美，又能唤起环保意识。 1．第一段最后一句“Rather than using paint, ink or other traditional materials, many artists are turning to discarded materials for creating their artwork.”指出，许多艺术家转而使用废弃材料进行创作。 2．第三段句子“The idea began to exist during the 1960s.”指出，“自毁艺术”的想法始于20世纪60年代。 3．第四段最后一句“Singer created it by collecting hundreds of bottles and other forms of plastic waste.”指出，彼得·辛格通过收集数百个瓶子和其他塑料废弃物来创作他的艺术品。 4．开放式问题，答案不唯一，合理即可。示例：Yes, I would. Because it helps reduce environmental waste and it is a creative way to express ideas. (或：No, I wouldn’t. Because it might be hard to find suitable materials and the artwork may not last long.) 02 When you look up at the night sky, what do you see? 80% of people around the world are not able to see many stars but man-made (人造的) light. It covers the stars. Man-made light comes from streetlights, office buildings, stores, etc. When it goes into the night sky, it covers the stars. This is so-called light pollution. Of course, people in their daily life need to light the night. Nighttime driving, walking, working, exercising, and more are all possible with man-made outdoor lighting. However, too much light at night can be bad for us. It covers the stars and messes with our sleep. It might even make us get sick. To help reduce (减少) light pollution, people can do some simple things. First, people can cover outdoor lights so that the light reaches down to the ground only where it’s needed. Second, people should use lights only when they are necessary. Also, people can choose light bulbs (灯泡) that are not very bright (明亮的). Most white lights, like LEDs, give off a lot of shorter wavelength (波长) light in blue. This brightens the sky more than any other color of light. Choosing light bulbs with wavelength light in yellow or orange can help reduce light pollution. The main sources (来源) of light pollution 5．What does the underlined word “It” refer to (指的是) ? 6．What’s the biggest source of light pollution? 7．Why is too much light at night bad for us? 8．What light bulbs should we choose to reduce light pollution? 9．What ways of reducing light pollution are mentioned (被提到) in the passage (one or two examples are OK)? What other ways of reducing light pollution can you think of? 【答案】5．Man-made light. 6．Streetlights. 7．Because it covers the stars, messes with our sleep and might even make us get sick. 8．Light bulbs with yellow or orange wavelength light. 9．Mentioned ways: cover outdoor lights properly; use lights only when necessary; choose less bright yellow or orange light bulbs. Other ways: Turn off outdoor advertisement lightson time; Encourage the use of sensor lights.(答案不唯一) 【导语】本文介绍了光污染的定义、来源、危害以及减少光污染的方法。 5．第一段提到80%的人看不到星星，而是被人造光遮住了，“It”指代上一句中的“man-made light”，因此答案是Man-made light。 6．根据图表，光污染的最大来源是街灯“Streetlights”，占比40%，因此答案是Streetlights。 7．第三段提到过多的夜间光会遮住星星、扰乱睡眠，甚至可能让人生病“It covers the stars and messes with our sleep. It might even make us get sick”，整合信息作答。 8．第四段提到选择黄色或橙色波长的灯泡有助于减少光污染“Choosing light bulbs with wavelength light in yellow or orange can help reduce light pollution”，答案是原文直接信息。 9．开放题，答案不唯一。第一问需从文中提到的减少光污染的方法中列举一两种（如覆盖户外灯、只在必要时使用灯光、选择低亮度灯泡等）；第二问需提出自己的额外建议，如“定时关闭室外广告灯”或“推广使用感应式照明设备”，合理即可。 03 People often think of the North Pole (北极) and the South Pole as similar frozen (冰冻的) wastelands. They are both places with very cold temperatures and few people live there. However, the North Pole is not much like the South Pole. So what is the real situation there? The North Pole has no land, only thick ice. Temperatures hardly go above 32°F-water turns into ice at this temperature. Most of the time, it stays below 0℃. In winter, temperatures are usually as low as -30°F. Although conditions were poor, people tried for many years to reach the North Pole. From 1901 to 1906, Robert Peary tried three times to reach the North Pole, but he didn’t make it. It was not until three years later that he finally succeeded in getting to this environment full of troubles and problems. There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic (北极) on foot. People who stay there may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most of the area is uninhabited (无人居住的), so few people can live in such a difficult place. People might think that with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be thick and hard. However, this is not true in the Arctic. The movement of the ocean water under the ice may cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes (道) of water called “leads”. Anyone who falls into a lead can be frozen to death in a few minutes. 10．What’s the usual temperature in winter in the North Pole? 11．When did Robert Peary reach the North Pole? 12．What makes it dangerous to cross the Arctic on foot? 13．Why does the ice in the Arctic break into leads? 14．What does this passage mainly talk about? 【答案】10．As low as -30 °F. 11．In 1909. 12．Very cold temperatures, sudden storms, hunger, and the changes of ice. 13．Because of the movement of the ocean water under the ice./Because the ocean water under the ice moves. 14．The real situation in the North Pole. 【导语】本文主要介绍了北极的真实情况，包括其气候、到达北极的历史、穿越北极的危险、冰层变化的原因等。 10．第二段“In winter, temperatures are usually as low as -30°F.”可知，冬季北极的通常温度低至零下30华氏度。所以答案是原文直接信息。 11．第三段“From 1901 to 1906, Robert Peary tried three times to reach the North Pole, but he didn't make it. It was not until three years later that he finally succeeded in getting to this environment full of troubles and problems.”可知，Robert Peary在1906年之后的三年，即1909年到达北极，这是根据文中时间线索进行推理计算得出的结果。 12．第四段“People who stay there may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger.”以及第五段“The movement of the ocean water under the ice may cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes (道) of water called ‘leads’.”可知，穿越北极步行非常危险是因为极寒的温度、突如其来的风暴、饥饿以及冰层的变化，这是综合文中不同段落关于北极危险因素的描述进行总结得出的答案。 13．第五段“The movement of the ocean water under the ice may cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes (道) of water called ‘leads’.”可知，北极的冰裂成水道是因为冰下海水的运动，这是直接从文中找到相关句子提取关键信息得到的答案。 14．文章开篇指出人们常认为北极和南极相似，但北极并不像南极，接着从多个方面介绍了北极的真实情况，所以文章主要讲的是北极的真实情况，这是对文章整体内容进行概括总结得出的答案。 04 阅读短文，回答问题。(不超过4词) Virtual Forest: Protecting Trees Online Have you ever thought about protecting trees without leaving your home? Now you can do it through the Virtual Forest project. This project was set up by a group of environmentalists in 2022. Its purpose is to encourage people to protect real forests by planting virtual trees online. How does the Virtual Forest work? It’s very simple. You can register an account on the project’s website. Then you can complete various online tasks, such as answering environmental questions, watching educational videos and sharing environmental knowledge with friends. For each task you finish, you will get “green points”. When you have enough green points, you can “plant” a virtual tree on the website. Here’s the most interesting part: for every virtual tree planted, the project will plant a real tree in a forest in western China. These forests are facing the problem of desertification, and the new trees can help stop the desert from expanding. So far, about 100,000 virtual trees have been planted, and as a result, 100,000 real trees have been planted in the forests. The Virtual Forest project has become very popular among young people. Many students and office workers spend their free time completing tasks and planting virtual trees. They feel proud that they can contribute to environmental protection even when they are busy. The project also has a social function. You can invite your friends to join the project and plant trees together. You can compete with each other to see who plants more trees, which makes the project more fun. In the future, the project plans to expand to other countries. It hopes to encourage people around the world to protect forests and make the earth greener. 15．What can you get by finishing tasks? 16．If 300 virtual trees are planted, how many real trees will be planted in the forest? 17．What do you think of the Virtual Forest project? It 【答案】15．Green points. 16．300. 17．is meaningful. (开放性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可) 【导语】本文介绍了虚拟森林项目让人们在线种虚拟树，为中国西部种真实树，推广环保，计划全球推广。 15．文章第二段指出“For each task you finish, you will get ‘green points’.”因此答案是原文直接信息。 16．根据文章第三段“For every virtual tree planted, the project will plant a real tree in a forest in western China.”以及“So far, about 100,000 virtual trees have been planted, and as a result, 100,000 real trees have been planted in the forests.”可知，虚拟树和真实树的数量是1:1的关系；所以300棵虚拟树对应300棵真实树，简洁作答即可。 17．这是开放性问题，答案不唯一，结合文章内容，这个项目是有意义的，表述合理即可。 05 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Have you heard of the television program Life Tree? It became very popular in early 2026. The show tells a moving story about people protecting nature on the Qinghai Plateau (高原). The story took place in the 1990s in a place called Hoh Xil. At that time, many people hunted Tibetan antelopes (藏羚羊) for their wool by breaking the rules. The antelopes were in great danger. A man named Dorje, played by actor Hu Ge, decides to form a patrol (巡逻) team. Their job is to stop the hunters and protect the animals. The team faces many difficulties. They don’t have enough money or tools. The weather on the plateau is very cold and dangerous. Sometimes they have to walk for days in the snow. But they never give up. They believe that protecting the antelopes is their duty. A young policewoman named Bai Ju, played by Yang Zi, joins the team. At first, she just wants to leave this hard place. But after seeing her teammates die and seeing the dead antelopes, she changes her mind. She decides to stay and help. The show is not just about fighting bad people. It also shows the beauty of the plateau. The blue sky, white snow, and wild animals are all in the drama. Many people say after watching it, they want to visit Qinghai and learn more about protecting nature. Life Tree teaches us an important lesson that protecting nature means protecting ourselves. The patrol team members are real heroes. They use their lives to keep the plateau safe for all living things. 18．Did the patrol team have a hard job? 19．When did the young policewoman change her mind and decide to stay and help? 20．What difficulties does the patrol team face? 21．What can we learn from Life Tree about protecting nature? What should we do? (词数20-30词) 【答案】18．Yes, they did. 19．After seeing her teammates die and seeing the dead antelopes. 20．They don’t have enough money or tools, and the weather on the plateau is very cold and dangerous, and they sometimes have to walk for days in the snow. 21．We can learn that protecting nature means protecting ourselves. We should save resources and reduce pollution in our daily life. 【导语】本文主要讲述了电视剧《生命树》的故事背景、主要情节以及它所传达的保护自然的重要性，展现了巡逻队在保护藏羚羊过程中所面临的困难和他们的英勇事迹。 18．文中第三段明确提到“The team faces many difficulties.”以及一系列艰苦条件，说明巡逻队工作非常艰难，因此用肯定回答。 19．根据第四段中“But after seeing her teammates die and seeing the dead antelopes, she changes her mind. She decides to stay and help.”可知，年轻的女警察在看到队友死亡和看到死去的藏羚羊后，改变了主意，决定留下来帮忙。 20．原文第三段清晰列出困难：“They don’t have enough money or tools. The weather on the plateau is very cold and dangerous. Sometimes they have to walk for days in the snow.”，答案整合原文信息。 21．本题为开放性试题。根据文章最后一段中“Life Tree teaches us an important lesson that protecting nature means protecting ourselves.”，可以得出保护自然的重要性。结合自身，我们可以从身边的小事做起，如节约资源、减少污染等。 06 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容简要回答下列问题。 Nature provides us with beautiful wonders, from high mountains to clear rivers, from colorful flowers to lovely animals. These wonders make our world more beautiful and livable. However, many of these natural wonders are facing threats from human activities. It is our duty to protect them and keep their beauty forever. Spend time getting to know nature. Take trips to natural places, observe the plants and animals, and learn about their living habits. The more you understand nature, the more you will cherish it. You can also read books or watch documentaries about nature to learn more about its wonders. Reduce pollution in daily life. Do not throw rubbish into rivers or on the ground. Use reusable bags instead of plastic bags, and try to save water and electricity. These small actions can help reduce damage to nature and protect its wonders. Join nature protection activities. Many organizations hold activities to plant trees, clean up scenic areas and protect wild animals. You can join these activities with your family or friends to make a difference. Encourage your relatives and friends to protect nature too. Respect the rules of nature. Do not pick flowers, cut down trees or feed wild animals. Every living thing in nature has its own way to survive, and we should not interfere with them. By respecting nature’s rules, we can live in harmony with it. 22．What does nature provide us with? 23．What is our duty to natural wonders? 24．How can we learn more about nature’s wonders? 25．What small actions can we take to reduce pollution? 26．(Open question) What else can we do to protect the wonders of nature? 【答案】22．It provides us with beautiful wonders, from high mountains to clear rivers, from colorful flowers to lovely animals. 23．It is our duty to protect them and keep their beauty forever. 24．We can take trips to natural places, observe the plants and animals, and read books or watch documentaries about nature. 25．We can avoid throwing rubbish into rivers or on the ground, use reusable bags instead of plastic bags, and try to save water and electricity. 26．We can tell more people about the importance of protecting natural wonders. 【导语】本文主要介绍了自然奇观面临的威胁以及保护自然奇观的四种方法：了解自然、减少污染、参与保护活动、尊重自然规则。 22．第一段“Nature provides us with beautiful wonders, from high mountains to clear rivers, from colorful flowers to lovely animals”介绍了自然为我们提供了美丽的奇观，包括高山、河流、花朵、动物等。 23．第一段“It is our duty to protect them and keep their beauty forever”介绍了我们的责任是保护自然奇观并永远保持它们的美丽。 24．第二段“Take trips to natural places, observe the plants and animals, and learn about their living habits. You can also read books or watch documentaries about nature”介绍了我们可以通过旅行、观察动植物、阅读书籍、观看纪录片等方式了解更多自然奇观。 25．第三段“Do not throw rubbish into rivers or on the ground. Use reusable bags instead of plastic bags, and try to save water and electricity”介绍了我们可以采取的小行动包括不乱扔垃圾、使用可重复使用的袋子、节约水电。 26．这是一个开放式问题，要求回答者结合文中已提到的保护方式 (了解自然、减少污染、参与保护活动、尊重自然规则) 之外，补充其他可行的保护措施。 提升版 07 How to go green at school The earth needs our protection, and going green at school is a great way for students to help protect the environment. But what does “going green” mean? It means taking small actions every day to reduce waste, save energy and protect the environment at school. There are many bad behaviours we can often see at school. Some students leave the lights on when they leave the classroom. Some throw away half-eaten food in the dining hall. Some use only one side of the paper, and throw it away after using. Some buy bottled water every day, and throw the bottles away after drinking. These behaviours waste a lot of energy and resources, and they are bad for the environment. So what can we do to make our school greener? First, we should save energy. We should turn off the lights, fans and computers when we leave the classroom. Second, we should reduce waste. We should use both sides of the paper, and try not to use disposable bottles or chopsticks. We should finish all the food we take in the dining hall, to reduce food waste. Third, we can start a recycling programme at school. We can put different bins in the classroom to collect waste paper, plastic bottles and cans. We can also start a secondhand book corner, so students can exchange their old books with others. Going green at school is easy and meaningful. Every small action we take can help protect the earth. Let’s take action together to make our school greener! 27．What does “going green” mean according to the passage? 28．What bad behaviour do some students have with the lights at school? 29．Why should we use both sides of the paper? 30．What can we do to reduce food waste at school? 31．What will you do to make your school greener? (Please answer in one sentence.) 【答案】27．It means taking small actions every day to reduce waste, save energy and protect the environment at school. 28．They leave the lights on when they leave the classroom. 29．To reduce waste. 30．We should finish all the food we take in the dining hall. 31．I will turn off the lights when I leave the classroom to save energy. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了校园环保的含义、校园中常见的浪费行为，以及学生可以采取的环保行动，呼吁大家共同建设绿色校园。 27．文章指出“But what does ‘going green’ mean? It means taking small actions every day to reduce waste, save energy and protect the environment at school.”，“绿色环保”指的是每天采取小行动来减少浪费、节约能源、保护校园环境。 28．文章指出“Some students leave the lights on when they leave the classroom.”可知，一些学生离开教室时不关灯，这是关于灯光的不良行为。 29．文章指出“Second, we should reduce waste. We should use both sides of the paper…”可知，纸张双面使用是为了减少浪费。 30．文章指出“We should finish all the food we take in the dining hall, to reduce food waste.”，减少校园食物浪费的方法是吃完我们在食堂取的所有食物。 31．本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一，结合文中的环保建议，写出一条合理的行动即可，例如“离开教室时关灯节约能源”。 08 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Zhalong is a nature reserve (自然保护区) in Heilongjiang in northeast China. It is one of the world’s most important wetlands (湿地). The area provides food and shelter for wildlife. It is an ideal (理想的) home for different kinds of plants, fishes and birds. Many birds live comfortably in Zhalong Nature Reserve all the year while some only stay for a short time. There are many fish in the wetlands and the birds can easily catch them for food. Some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings. This means that there will be less and less space for wildlife. More and more birds are in danger because they do not have enough living space now. Many of them died. The Chinese government wants to protect these endangered (濒危的) birds and they can be safe in Zhalong. Every year a lot of tourists go to Zhalong to watch birds. This year members of our Bird-watching Club are going to study the different kinds of birds in Zhalong and the changes in their numbers. The study will begin next month. We do a bird count once a year. We are now inviting secondary school students (中学生) to help. We need more people to help us count and do something to help the birds. Many people do not understand the importance of the wetlands. We hope this information will help people understand and make them actively take action to protect wildlife. 32．Why do some people want to change the wetlands? 33．Why are more and more birds in danger now? 34．When will the study begin? 35．How often do they do a bird count? 36．What do they hope this information will help? 【答案】32．To make more space for farms and buildings. 33．Because they do not have enough living space now. 34．It will begin next month. 35．Once a year. 36．They hope this information will help people understand and make them actively take action to protect wildlife. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了扎龙自然保护区鸟类的生存现状，呼吁大家保护这些野生动植物。 32．根据第三段“Some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings.”可知，有些人想改变湿地，是因为他们想为农场和建筑腾出更多的空间。故填To make more space for farms and buildings. 33．根据第四段“More and more birds are in danger because they do not have enough living space now.”可知，越来越多的鸟类处于危险之中，因为它们现在没有足够的生存空间。故填Because they do not have enough living space now. 34．根据第五段“The study will begin next month.”可知，这项研究将于下个月开始。故填It will begin next month. 35．根据最后一段“We do a bird count once a year.”可知，他们每年清点一次鸟类。故填Once a year. 36．根据最后一段“We hope this information will help people understand and make them actively take action to protect wildlife.”可知，他们希望这些信息能够帮助人们了解并积极采取行动保护野生动物。故填 They hope this information will help people understand and make them actively take action to protect wildlife. 09 请认真阅读下面短文, 并根据短文内容回答问题。 Food waste (食物残渣) is a big problem in Japan and the world. In 2019, Japan produced 5.7 million tons of food waste. The government is working on reducing this to 2.7 million by 2030. Now, University of Tokyo researchers in Japan have created a new technology that uses food waste in a surprising way. Student Kota Machida and Professor Yuya Sakai say the operation can turn food waste into a strong material like cement (水泥). They say it is four times stronger than regular concrete and is sustainable. And you can eat it. Through a process of drying, crushing, and compressing (压缩) the food waste, Sakai and his student Machida had successfully made cement from food waste without plastic. “The most challenging part was that each type of food waste requires different temperatures and pressure levels,” Sakai said. The team have used different types of food waste to make the cement, including tea leaves, orange peels, coffee grounds, and leftover lunch materials. They’ve adjusted flavors with different spices and found the colors, smell and taste of the cement can be quite attractive. Machida and his two friends have created a company called Fabula, Inc. They are working with other companies to use the material to make products for the home. “If this cement could replace plastic and cement products, it may help slow global warming linked to food waste,” said Machida. 37．Can we eat the food waste like cement? 38．Who had successfully made cement from food waste without plastic? 39．What was the most difficult part to make the food waste without plastic? 40．How many types of food waste to make the cement are mentioned? 41．What do you think of the food cement? 【答案】37．Yes, we can. 38．Sakai and his student Machida. 39．Each type of food waste requires different temperatures and pressure levels. 40．4/ Four. 41．Great./Helpful./Environment-friendly. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本研究人员发明了一种新技术，将食物垃圾转化为水泥等坚固材料，这种混凝土的强度是普通混凝土的四倍，而且是可持续的，还可以食用。 37．根据第二段“Student Kota Machida and Professor Yuya Sakai say the operation can turn food waste into a strong material like cement. They say it is four times stronger than regular concrete and is sustainable. And you can eat it.”可知，用食物垃圾制成的混凝土是可食用的。故填Yes, we can. 38．根据第三段“Through a process of drying, crushing, and compressing the food waste, Sakai and his student Machida had successfully made cement from food waste without plastic.”可知，酒井和他的学生町田通过干燥、粉碎和压缩食物垃圾的过程，成功地用食物垃圾制成了水泥，没有使用塑料。故填Sakai and his student Machida. 39．根据第三段“‘The most challenging part was that each type of food waste requires different temperatures and pressure levels,’ Sakai said.”可知，最具挑战性的部分是，每种食物垃圾需要不同的温度和压力水平。故填Each type of food waste requires different temperatures and pressure levels. 40．根据第四段“The team have used different types of food waste to make the cement, including tea leaves, orange peels, coffee grounds, and leftover lunch materials.”可知，该团队使用了茶叶、橘子皮、咖啡渣和剩余的午餐材料等四种类型的食物垃圾来制作混凝土。故填4/ Four. 41．根据最后一段“If this cement could replace plastic and cement products, it may help slow global warming linked to food waste,”可知，这种由食物垃圾制成的混凝土将减缓与食物浪费有关的全球变暖，从而有利于节约资源、保护环境，所以这种视频混凝土很好/很有用/对环境友好。故填Great./Helpful. /Environment-friendly. 10 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 John was born in 1838. When he turned 11 years old, his family moved to the United States from Scotland. They began a new life in Wisconsin that year. John showed his love of nature in his early years. He liked playing outdoors. He also loved working outdoors on his father’s farm. When he was 29, John had an accident at work. The accident hurt his eyes. As a result he missed looking at nature for months. Luckily, he could see again. Later that year, John decided to spend all his time learning about nature. He would travel in order to make his dream come true. First. John hiked 1,000 miles. He studied plants and wildlife. He then took a trip by ship. It was to learn more about the world around him. In 1869, John went to the Sierra Nevada Mountains. He climbed the mountains and wrote down what he saw. And he wrote about the animals and plants as well. By the time John turned 33, people were reading what he had written. They realized the importance of nature from John’s books. Many people understood and accepted his thoughts. In 1852, John started the Sierra Club. Many people joined it. They agreed that forest wildlife should be protected. Today, the club has more than two million members. It has a great influence on the people who love nature. They all help spread the ways to protect the environment. John’s books are still read today. He is famous for his love of nature. 根据短文内容, 回答下列问题, 42．Where did John and his family begin their new life? ____________________________________________________________________ 43．How did John show his love of nature in his early years? ____________________________________________________________________ 44．What was John’s dream after he could see again? ____________________________________________________________________ 45．When did John go to climb the Sierra Nevadan Mountains? ____________________________________________________________________ 46．Why did John do things like taking trips, writing books and starting a club?（请用一句话作答） ____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】42．In the United States/In the USA/In America/In Wisconsin./They/John and his family began their new life in Wisconsin / In Wisconsin, the United States. 43．He liked playing outdoors. He also loved working outdoors on his father’s farm./He liked playing outdoors and working outdoors on his father’s farm./By playing outdoors and working outdoors on his father’s farm 44．He would spend his time learning about nature./He decided to spend all his time learning about nature/To spend his time learning about nature/It was his dream to spend his time learning about nature 45．In 1869/When he was 31 years old/When he turned 31 years old./At the age of 31 46．Because he loved nature/Because of his love of nature/Because he loved nature and wanted to spread the ways to protect the environment./Because he wanted to make his dream come true. 【分析】文章是对约翰的个人情况的介绍以及他在保护环境方面所起的作用以及对人们的影响。 42．根据“When he turned 11 years old, his family moved to the United States from Scotland. They began a new life in Wisconsin that year.”可知，他的家人从苏格兰搬到了美国。那年他们在威斯康星州开始了新的生活。故填In the United States/In the USA/In America/In Wisconsin/They/John and his family began their new life in Wisconsin/In Wisconsin, the United States。 43．根据“John showed his love of nature in his early years. He liked playing outdoors. He also loved working outdoors on his father’s farm.”可知，他喜欢在户外玩。他也喜欢在他父亲的农场户外工作，表现出了他对自然的热爱，故填He liked playing outdoors. He also loved working outdoors on his father’s farm./He liked playing outdoors and working outdoors on his father’s farm./By playing outdoors and working outdoors on his father’s farm。 44．根据“Luckily, he could see again. Later that year, John decided to spend all his time learning about nature. He would travel in order to make his dream come true.”可知，当他再次能看见的时候，他决定把所有的时间都用来学习研究大自然。他为了实现他的梦想而旅行。故填He would spend his time learning about nature./He decided to spend all his time learning about nature/To spend his time learning about nature/It was his dream to spend his time learning about nature. 45．根据“In 1869, John went to the Sierra Nevada Mountains. He climbed the mountains and wrote down what he saw.”可知，1869年，约翰去了内华达山脉，也就是在他31岁时，故填In 1869/When he was 31 years old/When he turned 31 years old/At the age of 31。 46．根据“John showed his love of nature in his early years.”以及“...He then took a trip by ship. It was to learn more about the world around him. In 1869, John went to the Sierra Nevada Mountains. He climbed the mountains and wrote down what he saw...Many people understood and accepted his thoughts.”以及文章的描述可知，他这样做是因为他热爱自然，他想要传播保护环境的方法，这也是他的梦想，他想实现自己的梦想，故填Because he loved nature/Because of his love of nature/Because he loved nature and wanted to spread the ways to protect the environment./Because he wanted to make his dream come true. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 A green world阅读回答问题专练 话题: 环保、绿色 基础篇 01 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 A popular saying goes, “One person’s junk is another person’s treasure.” There certainly is some truth in it. Rather than using paint, ink or other traditional materials, many artists are turning to discarded (废弃的) materials for creating their artwork. It’s a well-known fact that artists have been using discarded resources for a long time. One of the reasons for this is that traditional art resources such as paint, clay and metal can be extremely expensive. Another reason is that some artists want to bring attention to the fact that people throw away a lot of perfectly useful items. Artists may seem avant-garde (前卫的) by using garbage as the material for their artwork. For example, most people wouldn’t think that a plastic bag would have an artistic purpose. However, some artists have shown photos of breathtaking landscapes and ocean surfaces created using only plastic bags. And something called “auto-destructive art” is another example. The idea began to exist during the 1960s. This means that an object doesn’t start out as art. It becomes beautiful as it breaks or becomes old and worn. If you have seen broken glass, you can understand this idea better. Some artists just want to create something that will make people think about important problems. One popular theme in art is the importance of reducing environmental waste. A few years ago, a large work of art called World of Litter received international attention. The artist, Peter Singer, created a huge globe that floated on water. It was bigger than some of the local boats! Singer created it by collecting hundreds of bottles and other forms of plastic waste. The discarded materials make beautiful artwork. Besides, they provide hope for the future by bringing about environmental awareness. 1．What are many artists turning to for creating artwork rather than using paint, ink or other traditional materials? 2．When did the idea “auto-destructive art” begin to exist? 3．How did Peter Singer create his artwork called World of Litter? 4．Would you like to create artwork by using discarded materials? Why? (List at least two reasons.) 02 When you look up at the night sky, what do you see? 80% of people around the world are not able to see many stars but man-made (人造的) light. It covers the stars. Man-made light comes from streetlights, office buildings, stores, etc. When it goes into the night sky, it covers the stars. This is so-called light pollution. Of course, people in their daily life need to light the night. Nighttime driving, walking, working, exercising, and more are all possible with man-made outdoor lighting. However, too much light at night can be bad for us. It covers the stars and messes with our sleep. It might even make us get sick. To help reduce (减少) light pollution, people can do some simple things. First, people can cover outdoor lights so that the light reaches down to the ground only where it’s needed. Second, people should use lights only when they are necessary. Also, people can choose light bulbs (灯泡) that are not very bright (明亮的). Most white lights, like LEDs, give off a lot of shorter wavelength (波长) light in blue. This brightens the sky more than any other color of light. Choosing light bulbs with wavelength light in yellow or orange can help reduce light pollution. The main sources (来源) of light pollution 5．What does the underlined word “It” refer to (指的是) ? 6．What’s the biggest source of light pollution? 7．Why is too much light at night bad for us? 8．What light bulbs should we choose to reduce light pollution? 9．What ways of reducing light pollution are mentioned (被提到) in the passage (one or two examples are OK)? What other ways of reducing light pollution can you think of? 03 People often think of the North Pole (北极) and the South Pole as similar frozen (冰冻的) wastelands. They are both places with very cold temperatures and few people live there. However, the North Pole is not much like the South Pole. So what is the real situation there? The North Pole has no land, only thick ice. Temperatures hardly go above 32°F-water turns into ice at this temperature. Most of the time, it stays below 0℃. In winter, temperatures are usually as low as -30°F. Although conditions were poor, people tried for many years to reach the North Pole. From 1901 to 1906, Robert Peary tried three times to reach the North Pole, but he didn’t make it. It was not until three years later that he finally succeeded in getting to this environment full of troubles and problems. There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic (北极) on foot. People who stay there may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most of the area is uninhabited (无人居住的), so few people can live in such a difficult place. People might think that with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be thick and hard. However, this is not true in the Arctic. The movement of the ocean water under the ice may cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes (道) of water called “leads”. Anyone who falls into a lead can be frozen to death in a few minutes. 10．What’s the usual temperature in winter in the North Pole? 11．When did Robert Peary reach the North Pole? 12．What makes it dangerous to cross the Arctic on foot? 13．Why does the ice in the Arctic break into leads? 14．What does this passage mainly talk about? 04 阅读短文，回答问题。(不超过4词) Virtual Forest: Protecting Trees Online Have you ever thought about protecting trees without leaving your home? Now you can do it through the Virtual Forest project. This project was set up by a group of environmentalists in 2022. Its purpose is to encourage people to protect real forests by planting virtual trees online. How does the Virtual Forest work? It’s very simple. You can register an account on the project’s website. Then you can complete various online tasks, such as answering environmental questions, watching educational videos and sharing environmental knowledge with friends. For each task you finish, you will get “green points”. When you have enough green points, you can “plant” a virtual tree on the website. Here’s the most interesting part: for every virtual tree planted, the project will plant a real tree in a forest in western China. These forests are facing the problem of desertification, and the new trees can help stop the desert from expanding. So far, about 100,000 virtual trees have been planted, and as a result, 100,000 real trees have been planted in the forests. The Virtual Forest project has become very popular among young people. Many students and office workers spend their free time completing tasks and planting virtual trees. They feel proud that they can contribute to environmental protection even when they are busy. The project also has a social function. You can invite your friends to join the project and plant trees together. You can compete with each other to see who plants more trees, which makes the project more fun. In the future, the project plans to expand to other countries. It hopes to encourage people around the world to protect forests and make the earth greener. 15．What can you get by finishing tasks? 16．If 300 virtual trees are planted, how many real trees will be planted in the forest? 17．What do you think of the Virtual Forest project? It 05 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Have you heard of the television program Life Tree? It became very popular in early 2026. The show tells a moving story about people protecting nature on the Qinghai Plateau (高原). The story took place in the 1990s in a place called Hoh Xil. At that time, many people hunted Tibetan antelopes (藏羚羊) for their wool by breaking the rules. The antelopes were in great danger. A man named Dorje, played by actor Hu Ge, decides to form a patrol (巡逻) team. Their job is to stop the hunters and protect the animals. The team faces many difficulties. They don’t have enough money or tools. The weather on the plateau is very cold and dangerous. Sometimes they have to walk for days in the snow. But they never give up. They believe that protecting the antelopes is their duty. A young policewoman named Bai Ju, played by Yang Zi, joins the team. At first, she just wants to leave this hard place. But after seeing her teammates die and seeing the dead antelopes, she changes her mind. She decides to stay and help. The show is not just about fighting bad people. It also shows the beauty of the plateau. The blue sky, white snow, and wild animals are all in the drama. Many people say after watching it, they want to visit Qinghai and learn more about protecting nature. Life Tree teaches us an important lesson that protecting nature means protecting ourselves. The patrol team members are real heroes. They use their lives to keep the plateau safe for all living things. 18．Did the patrol team have a hard job? 19．When did the young policewoman change her mind and decide to stay and help? 20．What difficulties does the patrol team face? 21．What can we learn from Life Tree about protecting nature? What should we do? (词数20-30词) 06 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容简要回答下列问题。 Nature provides us with beautiful wonders, from high mountains to clear rivers, from colorful flowers to lovely animals. These wonders make our world more beautiful and livable. However, many of these natural wonders are facing threats from human activities. It is our duty to protect them and keep their beauty forever. Spend time getting to know nature. Take trips to natural places, observe the plants and animals, and learn about their living habits. The more you understand nature, the more you will cherish it. You can also read books or watch documentaries about nature to learn more about its wonders. Reduce pollution in daily life. Do not throw rubbish into rivers or on the ground. Use reusable bags instead of plastic bags, and try to save water and electricity. These small actions can help reduce damage to nature and protect its wonders. Join nature protection activities. Many organizations hold activities to plant trees, clean up scenic areas and protect wild animals. You can join these activities with your family or friends to make a difference. Encourage your relatives and friends to protect nature too. Respect the rules of nature. Do not pick flowers, cut down trees or feed wild animals. Every living thing in nature has its own way to survive, and we should not interfere with them. By respecting nature’s rules, we can live in harmony with it. 22．What does nature provide us with? 23．What is our duty to natural wonders? 24．How can we learn more about nature’s wonders? 25．What small actions can we take to reduce pollution? 26．(Open question) What else can we do to protect the wonders of nature? 提升版 07 How to go green at school The earth needs our protection, and going green at school is a great way for students to help protect the environment. But what does “going green” mean? It means taking small actions every day to reduce waste, save energy and protect the environment at school. There are many bad behaviours we can often see at school. Some students leave the lights on when they leave the classroom. Some throw away half-eaten food in the dining hall. Some use only one side of the paper, and throw it away after using. Some buy bottled water every day, and throw the bottles away after drinking. These behaviours waste a lot of energy and resources, and they are bad for the environment. So what can we do to make our school greener? First, we should save energy. We should turn off the lights, fans and computers when we leave the classroom. Second, we should reduce waste. We should use both sides of the paper, and try not to use disposable bottles or chopsticks. We should finish all the food we take in the dining hall, to reduce food waste. Third, we can start a recycling programme at school. We can put different bins in the classroom to collect waste paper, plastic bottles and cans. We can also start a secondhand book corner, so students can exchange their old books with others. Going green at school is easy and meaningful. Every small action we take can help protect the earth. Let’s take action together to make our school greener! 27．What does “going green” mean according to the passage? 28．What bad behaviour do some students have with the lights at school? 29．Why should we use both sides of the paper? 30．What can we do to reduce food waste at school? 31．What will you do to make your school greener? (Please answer in one sentence.) 08 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Zhalong is a nature reserve (自然保护区) in Heilongjiang in northeast China. It is one of the world’s most important wetlands (湿地). The area provides food and shelter for wildlife. It is an ideal (理想的) home for different kinds of plants, fishes and birds. Many birds live comfortably in Zhalong Nature Reserve all the year while some only stay for a short time. There are many fish in the wetlands and the birds can easily catch them for food. Some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings. This means that there will be less and less space for wildlife. More and more birds are in danger because they do not have enough living space now. Many of them died. The Chinese government wants to protect these endangered (濒危的) birds and they can be safe in Zhalong. Every year a lot of tourists go to Zhalong to watch birds. This year members of our Bird-watching Club are going to study the different kinds of birds in Zhalong and the changes in their numbers. The study will begin next month. We do a bird count once a year. We are now inviting secondary school students (中学生) to help. We need more people to help us count and do something to help the birds. Many people do not understand the importance of the wetlands. We hope this information will help people understand and make them actively take action to protect wildlife. 32．Why do some people want to change the wetlands? 33．Why are more and more birds in danger now? 34．When will the study begin? 35．How often do they do a bird count? 36．What do they hope this information will help? 09 请认真阅读下面短文, 并根据短文内容回答问题。 Food waste (食物残渣) is a big problem in Japan and the world. In 2019, Japan produced 5.7 million tons of food waste. The government is working on reducing this to 2.7 million by 2030. Now, University of Tokyo researchers in Japan have created a new technology that uses food waste in a surprising way. Student Kota Machida and Professor Yuya Sakai say the operation can turn food waste into a strong material like cement (水泥). They say it is four times stronger than regular concrete and is sustainable. And you can eat it. Through a process of drying, crushing, and compressing (压缩) the food waste, Sakai and his student Machida had successfully made cement from food waste without plastic. “The most challenging part was that each type of food waste requires different temperatures and pressure levels,” Sakai said. The team have used different types of food waste to make the cement, including tea leaves, orange peels, coffee grounds, and leftover lunch materials. They’ve adjusted flavors with different spices and found the colors, smell and taste of the cement can be quite attractive. Machida and his two friends have created a company called Fabula, Inc. They are working with other companies to use the material to make products for the home. “If this cement could replace plastic and cement products, it may help slow global warming linked to food waste,” said Machida. 37．Can we eat the food waste like cement? 38．Who had successfully made cement from food waste without plastic? 39．What was the most difficult part to make the food waste without plastic? 40．How many types of food waste to make the cement are mentioned? 41．What do you think of the food cement? 10 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 John was born in 1838. When he turned 11 years old, his family moved to the United States from Scotland. They began a new life in Wisconsin that year. John showed his love of nature in his early years. He liked playing outdoors. He also loved working outdoors on his father’s farm. When he was 29, John had an accident at work. The accident hurt his eyes. As a result he missed looking at nature for months. Luckily, he could see again. Later that year, John decided to spend all his time learning about nature. He would travel in order to make his dream come true. First. John hiked 1,000 miles. He studied plants and wildlife. He then took a trip by ship. It was to learn more about the world around him. In 1869, John went to the Sierra Nevada Mountains. He climbed the mountains and wrote down what he saw. And he wrote about the animals and plants as well. By the time John turned 33, people were reading what he had written. They realized the importance of nature from John’s books. Many people understood and accepted his thoughts. In 1852, John started the Sierra Club. Many people joined it. They agreed that forest wildlife should be protected. Today, the club has more than two million members. It has a great influence on the people who love nature. They all help spread the ways to protect the environment. John’s books are still read today. He is famous for his love of nature. 根据短文内容, 回答下列问题, 42．Where did John and his family begin their new life? ____________________________________________________________________ 43．How did John show his love of nature in his early years? ____________________________________________________________________ 44．What was John’s dream after he could see again? ____________________________________________________________________ 45．When did John go to climb the Sierra Nevadan Mountains? ____________________________________________________________________ 46．Why did John do things like taking trips, writing books and starting a club?（请用一句话作答） ____________________________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $