Unit 8 A green world（语法填空专练）英语新教材译林版八年级下册

Unit 8 A green world语法填空专练 话题：环保、绿色 基础篇 01 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 These years, to run away from busy city life, we can see plenty of people camping at parks or by rivers. Nanxi River has become the first 1 (choose) for some people in Wenzhou because of 2 (it) fresh air, green hills and clear water. On the National Day, my dad offered to camp at the Nanxi River, and we all 3 (agree). When we arrived and put up our tent, my parents told us to be good to the wild. We should keep the place clean 4 not bother the animals. I found all of them living in peace. 5 a good picture! I played games beside the river, learnt to play a game of stone skipping and talked happily with my parents. I also learnt how 6 (draw) plants. They were much 7 (enjoyable) than playing computer games. Everything was perfect except one thing. We saw some litter left by other people. What 8 pity! I think we should try our best 9 (protect) nature while enjoying it. The trip to Nanxi River was truly a great time for all of us, especially me, a student busy 10 study every day. 02 根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。 What does it mean to be green? Green is more than just a colour. It also means 11 (take) special steps to protect the environment. Buying a green product is a small step everyone can take. However, it isn’t always easy to decide 12 a product is green. Here is what we may keep in mind. The materials of a product are usually our 13 (one) focus. What is it made of? Are there any harmful things in it? Green products are made of more natural materials which are 14 (harm), so they can be good for our physical health. Packaging (包装) is important. How is a product packed? Is it over-packed? We’d better choose glass, metal and paper packing, as these can 15 (reuse) or easily recycled. Location 16 (matter). Where is a product produced? Where are we buying it? Try to choose local 17 (product). When it comes to food, it is a good idea to order 18 (direct) from local farmers, shop at markets and buy fruits in season. It is also a good choice to buy from stores near our houses, because we can go there 19 driving a car. Look into what the company tells us about their product. It’s easy to say that a product is “green” or “all natural”, but the words may be 20 good to be true. So, much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt (持怀疑态度). After all, companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally friendly. The greenest thing is certainly the one we don’t buy. Things like food and clothing are necessary for life. But many others are not. Keep money in our pockets, reduce waste and keep the planet healthy. 03 用括号内动词的适当形式（主动或被动）完成短文。 Pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world today. In many places, rubbish 21 (throw) into lakes and rivers, so many of them 22 (pollute). In some cities, people’s health 23 (affect) by air pollution. Harmful gases in the air make people ill, and more people 24 (hurt) in the future if the air does not become cleaner. Like people, animals 25 (harm) by pollution. Soil and water pollution kills many animals every year. Plastic pollution is also a serious problem. Last year, millions of pieces of plastic 26 (find) in the Atlantic Ocean. Much of the rubbish 27 (eat) by sea animals. Sadly, over one million seabirds and over 100,000 sea animals died because of this. If we do not act to improve the environment, more living things 28 (kill) by pollution. However, there is some good news. An environmental show 29 (hold) at the town hall this Friday evening. All of us will have a chance to think about the world around us. Ways to protect the environment 30 (show). Everyone can share ideas on how to make the world a better place. 04 根据下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Zhong Congrong learns a lot on his trip to Hainan. He is a(n) 31 (success) businessman (商人) from Chongqing. Four years ago, Zhong 32 (meet) a university teacher on the beach in Hainan. The teacher told Zhong she was used to 33 (pick) up rubbish every day. Her words went round and round in Zhong’s mind. He made a(n) 34 (decide) to follow her. As soon as Zhong got back from Hainan, he began cleaning up the streets near his neighborhood by 35 (he). Every morning, he wore an orange T-shirt with some words about protecting (保护) the environment, picked up rubbish and asked others not to throw rubbish on the street. 36 would a rich man volunteer to pick up rubbish every day? Because people thought he just wanted 37 (get) more attention (注意). But as time went by, people changed their minds. They noticed their neighborhood getting cleaner thanks 38 Zhong. More and more people joined his team to help make Chongqing 39 (beauty). Zhong’s work also shows that everyone can make 40 difference. Giving a helping hand is helpful to ourselves. Why not do something like Zhong to make our school, our city better? 05 Natural wonders are 41 (real) amazing gifts from nature. They not only provide us with beautiful 42 (sight) but also play an important role in 43 (protect) the balance of the ecosystem. The Grand Canyon, 44 (locate) in the US, is one of the greatest natural wonders in the world. It 45 (form) by the Colorado River over millions of years. Its 46 (deep) reaches 1.6 kilometers, and it attracts millions of 47 (travel) every year. However, many natural wonders are in danger now. Pollution, climate change and too many visitors are threatening their 48 (survive). We must take 49 (measure) to protect them. We should limit the number of visitors, reduce pollution and spread awareness about environmental protection. 50 (visit) natural wonders is a great experience, but we must remember to protect them. Only by working together can we keep these wonders beautiful forever. 06 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Nature has many wonderful wonders. The Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. It 51 (lie) on the border of China and Nepal. It is very high and 52 (challenge) to climb. Many climbers risk their lives to reach the top. They want to show the spirit of never giving up. The Grand Canyon is another amazing wonder. It 53 (form) by the Colorado River over millions of years. The canyon is very deep and wide. The colorful rocks on its walls tell the story of the earth’s 54 (history). People from all over the world come to visit it. The Great Barrier Reef is famous for its beautiful corals and sea life. It is the largest coral reef system in the world. 55 , it is now in great danger because of climate change. We should take action 56 (protect) it. The Amazon Rainforest is the largest rainforest. It is home to 57 (million) of species. It is called “the lungs of the earth” 58 it provides us with oxygen. But deforestation is 59 (harm) it. These wonders are precious. Let’s cherish and protect 60 (they) for our future. 提升篇 07 阅读材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huai’an is a modern city now. Great changes 61 (take) place over the past few years including living conditions, transport, environment and people’s lives. Local people used to 62 (live) in old houses. They could only travel by bus. Now most of them have moved into new flats and there is an airport in the 63 (north) part of the city. Many people are used to travelling 64 business by plane. Moreover, the government has built many beautiful parks. People often go there to relax 65 (they) after a hard day’s work. Another big change is the environment. In the past, people 66 (drop) litter everywhere. Waste from 67 (factory) was put into rivers. The rivers were filled with pollution. Now there are laws to limit and improve it. If people drop litter 68 (care) in public, they will be punished. As a result, there is less pollution in rivers now. People in the town are trying to be polite citizens. More people are willing to give a hand if someone is in need. Lu Ming, a middle school student, is also a volunteer at the community centre now. He and his classmates often discuss how 69 (help) people in need. He thinks his life is far 70 (mean) now. Many hands make light work. People in Huai’an believe that if they work together, they can surely make Huai’an a better place. 08 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式(最多限填三个单词)填空。 Scientists predict that most polar bears will die out by the year 2100 because of global warming. Polar bears are found in the far north, inside the Arctic Circle. They spend most of their time 71 (live) on the ice which covers the Arctic seas. As the world gets much 72 (hot) because of man-made climate change, the ice cap will be 73 small and thin that the polar bears can’t have enough places to travel and hunt. What’s worse, the Arctic is warming about twice as 74 (quick) as other places. Seals are polar bears’ main food. Polar bears usually catch seals in places   75 the ice meets the water. 76 (catch) seals, the bears need to be able to walk and run across the ice. Polar bears are strong swimmers, 77 they’re not fast enough to catch seals in the water. 78 polar bears, summers are the hardest time. With less ice to travel on, they’re forced to spend more time on land, where there isn’t much food. And rising temperatures in the Arctic are causing the bears to have less areas for hunting. That’s really a matter of life and 79 (die). The scientists believe that in the past few years, polar bears 80 (start) dying out in southern areas of the Arctic, like Canada. To help save polar bears, rapid action is needed to reduce the effect of global heating. 09 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Glass is 100% recyclable and can be recycled again and again. Do you know how it’s recycled? Let’s find it out together. The glass recycling begins when you put your used glass bottles into the recycle bin. It’s very important that you do your part. After all, if you throw it in the rubbish bin instead 81 the cycle bin, it will end up in a landfill(垃圾填埋场). Though it might not be 82 (harm) to the soil, it’s a waste of resource. When the glass is collected by the factory, it will 83 (clean) first.That means washing away the waste inside and 84 (take) away metals and paper or plastic labels(标签). Now the glass is clean. It’s time 85 (separate) different kinds of glass for recycling. For example, coloured glass and clear glass are two different kinds,and non-food containers(容器) cannot mix 86 food containers. In the next step, the glass will be sent to a machine where it’s broken down 87 small pieces. The pieces are called cullet. After the cullet travels down a conveyor belt(传送带), some special 88 (tool) are used to take away remaining(遗留的) metals and small paper labels. The cullet becomes much 89 (clean). Finished cullet is then sold to other factories 90 a material. The factories melt down the cullet and then form it into new things. Your glass bottle now may become a part of a desk, some beach sand or paint for street lines. Altogether, the whole recycling and re-production process(过程) can take about 30 days. 10 根据短文内容，在横线上填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever washed your clothes without detergent(洗涤剂)? I’ve been doing this since early May. In summer, most of my shirts and T-shirts only get dirty with sweat(汗水). So, a fast wash with pure water is all that is needed. It’s not 91 costs—detergents are not expensive. It’s all about reducing plastic pollution. Many detergents have microplastics in them. Microplastics are tiny pieces of plastic. They are 92 (little) than five millimetres across. Also, washing clothes causes them to shed(脱落) tiny plastic fibres(纤维). These fibres are also 93 kind of microplastic. These tiny pieces of plastic end up being washed into the sea. 94 fish take them in, they enter the human food chain(链). This is bad for the environment, sea life and us humans. It’s time to make a decision to use less detergent. It’s a matter of personal choice, but meaningful and great. Clearly, plastic pollution will not disappear overnight. But we can choose 95 (reduce) the use of plastics slowly. We can try to reuse plastics in our 96 (day) lives. Over the past few months, people around us have taken   97 (act) to help do it. In 2024, a “green” market 98 (hold) in a neighbourhood in Shanghai’s Jing’an District. People there brought empty, used plastic bottles to the market. They filled 99 (they) bottles with a detergent provided by a detergent producer. Such events can help reduce the need for new plastic bottles. All in all, we can take small steps each day to help the environment. And I hope that one day, clothes made from “green” materials 100 (become) popular. This will help to further reduce plastic pollution from laundry. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 A green world语法填空专练 话题：环保、绿色 基础篇 01 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 These years, to run away from busy city life, we can see plenty of people camping at parks or by rivers. Nanxi River has become the first 1 (choose) for some people in Wenzhou because of 2 (it) fresh air, green hills and clear water. On the National Day, my dad offered to camp at the Nanxi River, and we all 3 (agree). When we arrived and put up our tent, my parents told us to be good to the wild. We should keep the place clean 4 not bother the animals. I found all of them living in peace. 5 a good picture! I played games beside the river, learnt to play a game of stone skipping and talked happily with my parents. I also learnt how 6 (draw) plants. They were much 7 (enjoyable) than playing computer games. Everything was perfect except one thing. We saw some litter left by other people. What 8 pity! I think we should try our best 9 (protect) nature while enjoying it. The trip to Nanxi River was truly a great time for all of us, especially me, a student busy 10 study every day. 【答案】 1．choice 2．its 3．agreed 4．and 5．What 6．to draw 7．more enjoyable 8．a 9．to protect 10．with 【导语】本文讲述了作者一家国庆期间在楠溪江露营、亲近自然并反思环保的经历。 1．句意：楠溪江因其清新的空气、绿色的山峦和清澈的河水，已成为一些温州人的首选。“the first”后面用名词，表示“第一选择”，choose的名词是choice“选择”，此处应用名词单数形式。 2．句意：楠溪江因其清新的空气、绿色的山峦和清澈的河水，已成为一些温州人的首选。空后为名词短语，需用形容词性物主代词来修饰，指代“楠溪江的”，it的形容词性物主代词是its。 3．句意：在国庆节，爸爸提议去楠溪江露营，我们都同意了。全文主体时态为一般过去时，描述过去发生的事件，动词需用过去式。agree的过去式是agreed。 4．句意：我们应该保持这个地方的干净，并且不打扰动物。空格连接两个并列的动词短语“keep...”和“not bother...”，表示并列递进，应使用连词“and”。 5．句意：多好的一幅画啊！此句为感叹句，修饰可数名词单数“picture”，感叹句结构为“What a/an + adj. + n. + 主谓！”，故填“What”。 6．句意：我还学习了如何画植物。疑问词“how”后接动词不定式，构成“how to do sth.”结构，表示“如何做某事”，draw的动词不定式是to draw。 7．句意：它们比玩电脑游戏要有趣得多。空格后有比较连词“than”，提示需使用形容词的比较级。“enjoyable”为多音节词，比较级为“more enjoyable”。 8．句意：真遗憾！“What a pity!”是固定表达，意为“真遗憾！”，用于感叹可惜之事。 9．句意：我认为在享受自然的同时，我们应该尽力保护它。“try one’s best to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“尽力做某事”，protect的动词不定式是to protect。 10．句意：这次楠溪江之旅对我们所有人，尤其是对于我这样一个每天忙于学习的学生来说，真是一段美好的时光。“be busy with sth.”是固定短语，意为“忙于某事”，study是名词，故用介词with。 02 根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。 What does it mean to be green? Green is more than just a colour. It also means 11 (take) special steps to protect the environment. Buying a green product is a small step everyone can take. However, it isn’t always easy to decide 12 a product is green. Here is what we may keep in mind. The materials of a product are usually our 13 (one) focus. What is it made of? Are there any harmful things in it? Green products are made of more natural materials which are 14 (harm), so they can be good for our physical health. Packaging (包装) is important. How is a product packed? Is it over-packed? We’d better choose glass, metal and paper packing, as these can 15 (reuse) or easily recycled. Location 16 (matter). Where is a product produced? Where are we buying it? Try to choose local 17 (product). When it comes to food, it is a good idea to order 18 (direct) from local farmers, shop at markets and buy fruits in season. It is also a good choice to buy from stores near our houses, because we can go there 19 driving a car. Look into what the company tells us about their product. It’s easy to say that a product is “green” or “all natural”, but the words may be 20 good to be true. So, much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt (持怀疑态度). After all, companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally friendly. The greenest thing is certainly the one we don’t buy. Things like food and clothing are necessary for life. But many others are not. Keep money in our pockets, reduce waste and keep the planet healthy. 【答案】 11．taking 12．whether/if 13．first 14．harmless 15．be reused 16．matters 17．products 18．directly 19．without 20．too 【导语】本文解释了“环保”的含义，介绍了如何判断环保产品的方法，包括关注材料、包装、产地等，同时建议减少不必要消费来践行环保。 11．句意：它也意味着采取特殊措施保护环境。“mean doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“意味着做某事”，故填taking。 12．句意：然而，判断一个产品是否环保并不总是容易的。此处表示“是否”，用“whether/if”引导宾语从句。 13．句意：产品的材料通常是我们的首要关注点。此处表示“第一的”，用“one”的序数词形式“first”。 14．句意：环保产品由更天然的无害材料制成，所以它们对我们的身体健康有益。结合“good for our physical health”的语境，此处表示“无害的”，“harm”的形容词形式是“harmless”。 15．句意：我们最好选择玻璃、金属和纸质包装，因为这些可以被重复使用或轻松回收。此处“these”指代包装材料，与“reuse”是被动关系，用被动语态“be reused”，情态动词“can”后接动词原形。 16．句意：产地很重要。主语“Location”是单数，一般现在时中动词用第三人称单数形式，“matter”的第三人称单数是“matters”。 17．句意：尽量选择本地产品。“product”是可数名词，此处表示泛指，用复数形式“products”。 18．句意：说到食物，直接从当地农民那里订购是个好主意。此处需用副词修饰动词“order”，“direct”的副词形式是“directly”。 19．句意：因为我们可以不用开车去那里。结合环保的语境，此处表示“没有、不用”，用“without”。 20．句意：但这些话可能好得难以置信。“too...to...”是固定结构，意为“太……而不能”，“too good to be true”表示“好得难以置信”，故填too。 03 用括号内动词的适当形式（主动或被动）完成短文。 Pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world today. In many places, rubbish 21 (throw) into lakes and rivers, so many of them 22 (pollute). In some cities, people’s health 23 (affect) by air pollution. Harmful gases in the air make people ill, and more people 24 (hurt) in the future if the air does not become cleaner. Like people, animals 25 (harm) by pollution. Soil and water pollution kills many animals every year. Plastic pollution is also a serious problem. Last year, millions of pieces of plastic 26 (find) in the Atlantic Ocean. Much of the rubbish 27 (eat) by sea animals. Sadly, over one million seabirds and over 100,000 sea animals died because of this. If we do not act to improve the environment, more living things 28 (kill) by pollution. However, there is some good news. An environmental show 29 (hold) at the town hall this Friday evening. All of us will have a chance to think about the world around us. Ways to protect the environment 30 (show). Everyone can share ideas on how to make the world a better place. 【答案】 21．is thrown 22．are polluted 23．is affected 24．will be hurt/are going to be hurt 25．are harmed 26．were found 27．is eaten 28．will be killed 29．is going to be held/will be held 30．will be shown/are going to be shown 【导语】本文主要讲述了环境污染的相关问题。 21．句意：在很多地方，垃圾被扔进湖泊和河流里。主语rubbish“垃圾”，不可数,是“被扔”的对象，用被动语态；陈述客观现象，用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为be+过去分词，主语不可数，be动词用is，throw的过去分词为thrown。 22．句意：因此很多河湖都被污染了。主语many of them代指lakes and rivers，复数，是“被污染”的对象，用被动语态；客观现状，用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为be+过去分词，主语为复数，be动词用are，pollute的过去分词为polluted。 23．句意：在一些城市，人们的健康受到空气污染的影响。主语people’s health“健康”，不可数名词是“被影响”的对象，用被动语态；客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为be+过去分词，主语不可数，be动词用is，affect的过去分词为affected。 24．句意：如果空气环境没有改善，未来会有更多人受到伤害。本句为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循 “主将从现”；主语more people是“被伤害”的对象，主句用一般将来时被动，结构为will be+动词的过去分词，主语为复数，hurt的过去分词为hurt。 25．句意：和人类一样，动物也受到污染的危害。主语animals，复数，是“被危害”的对象，用被动语态；客观现状，用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为be+过去分词，主语为复数，be动词用are，harm的过去分词为harmed。 26．句意：去年，数百万块塑料在大西洋中被发现。时间状语Last year“去年”表一般过去时；主语millions of pieces of plastic是“被发现”的对象，用一般过去时被动，结构为was/were+过去分词，主语为复数，用were，find的过去分词为found。 27．句意：大部分垃圾被海洋动物吃掉了。主语Much of the rubbish不可数，是“被吃”的对象，用被动语态；陈述客观情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为be+过去分词，主语不可数，be动词用is，eat的过去分词为eaten。 28．句意：如果我们不采取行动改善环境，会有更多生物被污染害死。本句为if引导条件状语从句，“主将从现”；主语more living things是“被害死”的对象，主句用一般将来时被动，结构为will be+过去分词，kill的过去分词killed。 29．句意：本周五晚上，一场环保展将在市政厅举办。时间状语this Friday evening“本周五晚”表一般将来时；主语An environmental show，单数，是“被举办”的对象，用一般将来时被动，结构为will be+过去分词/be going to be+过去分词，主语为单数，be动词用is，hold的过去分词held。 30．句意：各种保护环境的方法将会被展示出来。与前句环保展的将来时呼应，本句也为一般将来时；主语Ways of how to protect the environment“环保方法”是“被展示”的对象，用一般将来时被动，结构为will be+过去分词/be going to be+过去分词，主语为复数，be动词用are，show的过去分词为shown。 04 根据下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Zhong Congrong learns a lot on his trip to Hainan. He is a(n) 31 (success) businessman (商人) from Chongqing. Four years ago, Zhong 32 (meet) a university teacher on the beach in Hainan. The teacher told Zhong she was used to 33 (pick) up rubbish every day. Her words went round and round in Zhong’s mind. He made a(n) 34 (decide) to follow her. As soon as Zhong got back from Hainan, he began cleaning up the streets near his neighborhood by 35 (he). Every morning, he wore an orange T-shirt with some words about protecting (保护) the environment, picked up rubbish and asked others not to throw rubbish on the street. 36 would a rich man volunteer to pick up rubbish every day? Because people thought he just wanted 37 (get) more attention (注意). But as time went by, people changed their minds. They noticed their neighborhood getting cleaner thanks 38 Zhong. More and more people joined his team to help make Chongqing 39 (beauty). Zhong’s work also shows that everyone can make 40 difference. Giving a helping hand is helpful to ourselves. Why not do something like Zhong to make our school, our city better? 【答案】 31．successful 32．met 33．picking 34．decision 35．himself 36．Why 37．to get 38．to 39．beautiful 40．a 【导语】本文讲述了重庆商人钟丛荣受一位大学老师影响，开始每天义务捡拾垃圾、保护环境，并逐渐带动更多人加入的故事。 31．句意：他是一位来自重庆的成功商人。修饰名词businessman需用形容词作定语，success的形容词形式为successful，意为“成功的”。 32．句意：四年前，钟丛荣在海南的海滩上遇到了一位大学老师。时间状语Four years ago提示用一般过去时，meet的过去式为met。 33．句意：这位老师告诉钟丛荣，她习惯了每天捡垃圾。“be used to doing sth.”为固定搭配，意为“习惯于做某事”，故用pick的动名词picking。 34．句意：他决定跟随她。“make a decision”为固定短语，意为“做决定”，故用decide的名词decision“决定”。 35．句意：钟丛荣从海南回来后，就开始独自清理他家附近的街道。“by oneself”为固定短语，意为“独自地”，主语为he，对应的反身单词是himself。 36．句意：为什么一个富人愿意每天自愿捡垃圾？由下文“ Because…”可知，此处询问原因，用疑问副词why，句首单词首字母要大写。 37．句意：因为人们认为他只是想获得更多关注。“want to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，故用get的动词不定式to get。 38．句意：他们注意到，多亏了钟丛荣，他们的社区变得更干净了。“thanks to”为固定短语，意为“多亏了”，故用介词to。 39．句意：越来越多的人加入他的团队，帮助让重庆变得更美丽。“make + 宾语 + 形容词”为固定结构，beauty的形容词形式为beautiful，意为“美丽的”，此处形容词作宾语补足语。 40．句意：钟丛荣的事迹也表明，每个人都可以有所作为。“make a difference”为固定短语，意为“有影响、有所作为”，故填不定冠词a。 05 Natural wonders are 41 (real) amazing gifts from nature. They not only provide us with beautiful 42 (sight) but also play an important role in 43 (protect) the balance of the ecosystem. The Grand Canyon, 44 (locate) in the US, is one of the greatest natural wonders in the world. It 45 (form) by the Colorado River over millions of years. Its 46 (deep) reaches 1.6 kilometers, and it attracts millions of 47 (travel) every year. However, many natural wonders are in danger now. Pollution, climate change and too many visitors are threatening their 48 (survive). We must take 49 (measure) to protect them. We should limit the number of visitors, reduce pollution and spread awareness about environmental protection. 50 (visit) natural wonders is a great experience, but we must remember to protect them. Only by working together can we keep these wonders beautiful forever. 【答案】 41．really 42．sights 43．protecting 44．located 45．was formed 46．depth 47．travellers 48．survival 49．measures 50．Visiting 【导语】本文讲述了自然奇观是来自大自然的令人惊叹的礼物，介绍了大峡谷的相关信息，同时指出许多自然奇观正面临危险，呼吁人们采取措施保护它们。 41．句意：自然奇观是来自大自然真正令人惊叹的礼物。“amazing”是形容词，前面应用副词修饰，“real”的副词形式是“really”，表示“真正地”。 42．句意：它们不仅为我们提供美丽的风景，而且在保护生态系统的平衡方面发挥着重要作用。“sight”表示“风景”时是可数名词，此处没有冠词修饰，应用复数形式“sights”。 43．句意：它们不仅为我们提供美丽的风景，而且在保护生态系统的平衡方面发挥着重要作用。“play an important role in doing sth.”是固定短语，意为“在做某事方面发挥重要作用”，所以这里用“protect”的动名词形式“protecting”。 44．句意：大峡谷位于美国，是世界上最伟大的自然奇观之一。“be located in”是固定短语，意为“位于”，此处用过去分词“located”作后置定语修饰“The Grand Canyon”。 45．句意：它是由科罗拉多河在数百万年的时间里形成的。主语“It”和“form”之间是被动关系，且根据“over millions of years”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态“was formed”。 46．句意：它的深度达到1.6千米，每年吸引数百万游客。“Its”是形容词性物主代词，后面应接名词，“deep”的名词形式是“depth”，表示“深度”。 47．句意：它的深度达到1.6公里，每年吸引数百万游客。“millions of”表示“数百万的”，后面接可数名词复数，“travel”的名词形式“traveller”表示“游客”，其复数形式是“travellers”。 48．句意：污染、气候变化和过多的游客正威胁着它们的生存。“their”是形容词性物主代词，后面应接名词，“survive”的名词形式是“survival”，表示“生存”。 49．句意：我们必须采取措施保护它们。“take measures”是固定短语，意为“采取措施”。 50．句意：参观自然奇观是一次很棒的经历，但我们必须记住要保护它们。“...natural wonders”在句中作主语，应用动名词形式“Visiting”，且位于句首，首字母大写。 06 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Nature has many wonderful wonders. The Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. It 51 (lie) on the border of China and Nepal. It is very high and 52 (challenge) to climb. Many climbers risk their lives to reach the top. They want to show the spirit of never giving up. The Grand Canyon is another amazing wonder. It 53 (form) by the Colorado River over millions of years. The canyon is very deep and wide. The colorful rocks on its walls tell the story of the earth’s 54 (history). People from all over the world come to visit it. The Great Barrier Reef is famous for its beautiful corals and sea life. It is the largest coral reef system in the world. 55 , it is now in great danger because of climate change. We should take action 56 (protect) it. The Amazon Rainforest is the largest rainforest. It is home to 57 (million) of species. It is called “the lungs of the earth” 58 it provides us with oxygen. But deforestation is 59 (harm) it. These wonders are precious. Let’s cherish and protect 60 (they) for our future. 【答案】 51．lies 52．challenging 53．was formed 54．history 55．However 56．to protect 57．millions 58．because 59．harming 60．them 【导语】本文介绍了自然界中的几大奇迹：珠穆朗玛峰、大峡谷、大堡礁和亚马逊雨林，并呼吁人们珍惜和保护它们。 51．句意：它位于中国和尼泊尔的边界上。主语It为第三人称单数，描述客观事实用一般现在时，lie表示“位于”，故填lies。 52．句意：它非常高，攀登起来很有挑战性。and连接并列形容词high和challenging，作表语，challenge的形容词为challenging，意为“有挑战性的”。 53．句意：它是由科罗拉多河经过数百万年形成的。主语It与form之间为被动关系，且描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was formed。 54．句意：岩壁上色彩斑斓的岩石讲述着地球的历史。名词所有格earth’s后接名词，history意为“历史”。 55．句意：然而，由于气候变化，它现在正处于极大的危险之中。上文提到大堡礁的美丽，下文转折说明其面临危险，故填However。 56．句意：我们应该采取行动保护它。动词不定式作目的状语，故填to protect。 57．句意：它是数百万物种的家园。“millions of”为固定短语，意为“数百万的”。 58．句意：它被称为“地球之肺”，因为它为我们提供氧气。前后为因果关系，后句解释原因，故填because。 59．句意：但森林砍伐正在危害它。根据语境，此处表示正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，harm的现在分词为harming。 60．句意：让我们为了未来珍惜和保护它们。作动词protect的宾语，需用人称代词的宾格，they的宾格为them。 提升篇 07 阅读材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huai’an is a modern city now. Great changes 61 (take) place over the past few years including living conditions, transport, environment and people’s lives. Local people used to 62 (live) in old houses. They could only travel by bus. Now most of them have moved into new flats and there is an airport in the 63 (north) part of the city. Many people are used to travelling 64 business by plane. Moreover, the government has built many beautiful parks. People often go there to relax 65 (they) after a hard day’s work. Another big change is the environment. In the past, people 66 (drop) litter everywhere. Waste from 67 (factory) was put into rivers. The rivers were filled with pollution. Now there are laws to limit and improve it. If people drop litter 68 (care) in public, they will be punished. As a result, there is less pollution in rivers now. People in the town are trying to be polite citizens. More people are willing to give a hand if someone is in need. Lu Ming, a middle school student, is also a volunteer at the community centre now. He and his classmates often discuss how 69 (help) people in need. He thinks his life is far 70 (mean) now. Many hands make light work. People in Huai’an believe that if they work together, they can surely make Huai’an a better place. 【答案】 61．have taken 62．live 63．northern 64．on 65．themselves 66．dropped 67．factories 68．carelessly 69．to help 70．more meaningful 【导语】本文讲述了淮安的一些重大变化，包括居住条件、交通、环境和人们的生活。 61．句意：这些年来发生了巨大的变化，包括居住条件、交通、环境和人们的生活。根据“over the past few years”以及所给单词可知，时态为现在完成时。主语changes是复数，助动词用have，take的过去分词形式为taken。故填have taken。 62．句意：当地的人们以前住在老房子里。used to do sth“过去常常做某事”。故填live。 63．句意：现在，他们中的大多数人已经搬进了新公寓，城市北部有一个机场。根据“in the...part of the city”以及所给单词可知，应填north的形容词形式northern，作定语，修饰后面的名词part。故填northern。 64．句意：很多人习惯乘飞机出差。travel on business“出差、商务旅行”。故填on。 65．句意：在一天的辛苦工作之后，人们经常去那里放松自己。根据“People often go there to relax...after a hard day’s work.”以及所给单词可知，应填they的反身代词形式themselves，作宾语。relax oneself“放松自己”。故填themselves。 66．句意：在过去，人们到处乱扔垃圾。根据“In the past”以及所给单词可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式形式dropped。故填dropped。 67．句意：来自工厂的废物被排入河流里。factory“工厂”，用复数形式factories，表示不止一家工厂。故填factories。 68．句意：如果人们在公共场合乱扔垃圾，他们将受到惩罚。根据“drop litter...”以及所给单词可知，应填副词carelessly“粗心地、不用心地”，作状语，修饰动词drop。故填carelessly。 69．句意：他和他的同学经常讨论如何帮助有需要的人。根据“discuss how...people in need”以及所给单词可知，此处为“疑问词+动词不定式”句型。故填to help。 70．句意：他认为现在他的生活有意义得多。根据“his life is far...now”以及所给单词可知，应填mean的形容词meaningful的比较级形式more meaningful，表示现在他的生活有意义得多。far常用在比较级前，表示“过于……、……得多”。故填more meaningful。 08 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式(最多限填三个单词)填空。 Scientists predict that most polar bears will die out by the year 2100 because of global warming. Polar bears are found in the far north, inside the Arctic Circle. They spend most of their time 71 (live) on the ice which covers the Arctic seas. As the world gets much 72 (hot) because of man-made climate change, the ice cap will be 73 small and thin that the polar bears can’t have enough places to travel and hunt. What’s worse, the Arctic is warming about twice as 74 (quick) as other places. Seals are polar bears’ main food. Polar bears usually catch seals in places   75 the ice meets the water. 76 (catch) seals, the bears need to be able to walk and run across the ice. Polar bears are strong swimmers, 77 they’re not fast enough to catch seals in the water. 78 polar bears, summers are the hardest time. With less ice to travel on, they’re forced to spend more time on land, where there isn’t much food. And rising temperatures in the Arctic are causing the bears to have less areas for hunting. That’s really a matter of life and 79 (die). The scientists believe that in the past few years, polar bears 80 (start) dying out in southern areas of the Arctic, like Canada. To help save polar bears, rapid action is needed to reduce the effect of global heating. 【答案】 71．living/in living 72．hotter 73．so 74．quickly 75．where 76．To catch 77．but 78．For 79．death 80．have started 【导语】本文主要讲了全球变暖使北极熊的生存环境变得艰难。 71．句意：它们大部分时间生活在覆盖北冰洋上面的冰上。根据sb spend some time (in) doing sth“某人花费时间做某事”可知空格处应为living或in living。故填living/in living。 72．句意：由于人为的气候变化，世界变得越来越热，冰盖将变得又小又薄，北极熊无法有足够的地方旅行和狩猎。根据句意以及空格前的修饰词much可知，空格处缺少比较级，表示世界变得越来越热，hot的比较级形式为hotter。故填hotter。 73．句意：由于人为的气候变化，世界变得越来越热，冰盖将变得又小又薄，北极熊无法有足够的地方旅行和狩猎。根据空格后“ …small and thin that the polar bears can’t have enough places to travel and hunt. ”可知，此处缺少副词so，构成so…that句式，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填so。 74．句意：更糟糕的是，北极正在以较其他地方两倍的速度变暖。根据空格前后的“twice as …as”可知此处为“倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+其它”结构，空处修饰谓语动词，应为副词原级。故填quickly。 75．句意：北极熊通常在冰与水接触的地方捕捉海豹。根据“the ice meets the water”可知此处为定语从句，先行词places指地点，在从句中作状语，用where引导定语从句。故填where。 76．句意：为了捕捉海豹，北极熊需要能够在冰上行走和奔跑。根据所给的提示词可知，空处缺少动词不定式表目的，表示“为了捕捉海豹”。故填To catch。 77．句意：北极熊是游泳健将，但他们的速度还不够快到去在水中抓住海豹。根据空格前后的内容，可知此处表转折。故填but。 78．句意：对北极熊来说，夏天是最艰难的时候。根据“summers are the hardest time”以及后面的内容可知，此处指对北极熊来说，夏天是最艰难的时候，介词for“（表示对象）对”。故填For。 79．句意：那真是生死攸关的大事。and前后连接相同成分，life此处为名词，表“生命”，故空格处缺少名词形式，death“死亡”。故填death。 80．句意：科学家们认为，在过去的几年里，北极熊开始在北极的南部地区灭绝，如加拿大。根据时间状语“in the past few years”可知，该句为现在完成时，主语polar bears 为复数，空处应填谓语动词。故填have started。 09 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Glass is 100% recyclable and can be recycled again and again. Do you know how it’s recycled? Let’s find it out together. The glass recycling begins when you put your used glass bottles into the recycle bin. It’s very important that you do your part. After all, if you throw it in the rubbish bin instead 81 the cycle bin, it will end up in a landfill(垃圾填埋场). Though it might not be 82 (harm) to the soil, it’s a waste of resource. When the glass is collected by the factory, it will 83 (clean) first.That means washing away the waste inside and 84 (take) away metals and paper or plastic labels(标签). Now the glass is clean. It’s time 85 (separate) different kinds of glass for recycling. For example, coloured glass and clear glass are two different kinds,and non-food containers(容器) cannot mix 86 food containers. In the next step, the glass will be sent to a machine where it’s broken down 87 small pieces. The pieces are called cullet. After the cullet travels down a conveyor belt(传送带), some special 88 (tool) are used to take away remaining(遗留的) metals and small paper labels. The cullet becomes much 89 (clean). Finished cullet is then sold to other factories 90 a material. The factories melt down the cullet and then form it into new things. Your glass bottle now may become a part of a desk, some beach sand or paint for street lines. Altogether, the whole recycling and re-production process(过程) can take about 30 days. 【答案】 81．of 82．harmful 83．be cleaned 84．taking 85．to separate 86．with 87．into 88．tools 89．cleaner 90．as 【导语】本文主要介绍了回收玻璃再重复使用的过程。 81．句意：毕竟，如果你把它扔进垃圾桶而不是循环垃圾箱，它最终会被扔进垃圾填埋场。instead of“代替”，固定搭配，故填of。 82．句意：虽然它可能对土壤无害，但却是一种资源浪费。be后接形容词作表语，be harmful to“对……有害”，故填harmful。 83．句意：当玻璃被工厂收集后，会先清洗干净。it指代前文的glass，与动词clean之间是被动关系，故此处用被动语态will be done的结构，故填be cleaned。 84．句意：这意味着洗掉里面的垃圾，带走金属、纸或塑料标签。此空与washing构成并列关系，故此空也应填动名词，故填taking。 85．句意：是时候把不同种类的玻璃分开回收利用了。It is time to do sth“是做某事的时候了”，动词不定式作定语，故填to separate。 86．句意：例如，彩色玻璃和透明玻璃是两种不同的玻璃，非食品容器不能与食品容器混合。mix with“与……混合”，固定搭配，故填with。 87．句意：下一步，玻璃将被送往一台机器，在那里它被分解成小块。be broken down into“被分解成”，固定搭配，故填into。 88．句意：一些特殊的工具被用来拿走剩余的金属和小的纸标签。tool“工具”，可数名词，some修饰可数名词的复数形式，故填tools。 89．句意：碎玻璃变得干净多了。become后接形容词作表语，much修饰比较级，故填cleaner。 90．句意：完成后的碎玻璃再作为原料卖给其他工厂。根据“Finished cullet is then sold to other factories … a material”可知，作为原料卖给其他工厂，as“作为”，故填as。 10 根据短文内容，在横线上填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever washed your clothes without detergent(洗涤剂)? I’ve been doing this since early May. In summer, most of my shirts and T-shirts only get dirty with sweat(汗水). So, a fast wash with pure water is all that is needed. It’s not 91 costs—detergents are not expensive. It’s all about reducing plastic pollution. Many detergents have microplastics in them. Microplastics are tiny pieces of plastic. They are 92 (little) than five millimetres across. Also, washing clothes causes them to shed(脱落) tiny plastic fibres(纤维). These fibres are also 93 kind of microplastic. These tiny pieces of plastic end up being washed into the sea. 94 fish take them in, they enter the human food chain(链). This is bad for the environment, sea life and us humans. It’s time to make a decision to use less detergent. It’s a matter of personal choice, but meaningful and great. Clearly, plastic pollution will not disappear overnight. But we can choose 95 (reduce) the use of plastics slowly. We can try to reuse plastics in our 96 (day) lives. Over the past few months, people around us have taken   97 (act) to help do it. In 2024, a “green” market 98 (hold) in a neighbourhood in Shanghai’s Jing’an District. People there brought empty, used plastic bottles to the market. They filled 99 (they) bottles with a detergent provided by a detergent producer. Such events can help reduce the need for new plastic bottles. All in all, we can take small steps each day to help the environment. And I hope that one day, clothes made from “green” materials 100 (become) popular. This will help to further reduce plastic pollution from laundry. 【答案】 91．about 92．less 93．a 94．When 95．to reduce 96．daily 97．action 98．was held 99．their 100．will become 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过不用洗涤剂洗衣服的亲身经历，介绍了微塑料污染的危害，并呼吁人们减少塑料使用、践行环保生活方式。 91．句意：这和成本无关——洗涤剂并不贵，而是为了减少塑料污染。空格处缺少介词。根据下句“ It’s all about reducing plastic pollution.”可知，空格处表示“与……无关”的含义。“It’s not about...” 是固定表达，意为 “这和……无关”，符合语境逻辑。 92．句意：它们的直径小于五毫米。根据标志词“than” 可知，空处应填little的比较级。“less than”意为“少于”，符合语境。 93．句意：这些纤维也是一种微塑料。“a kind of”是固定短语，意为“一种”，符合语法与语义。 94．句意：当鱼摄入它们，它们就会进入人类的食物链。分析句子结构可知，空格处需填连词连接两个句子。前后句存在时间关系。 When引导时间状语从句，符合“鱼摄入微塑料后进入食物链”的逻辑。 95．句意：但我们可以选择慢慢减少塑料的使用。“choose to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“选择做某事”，需用to do不定式形式。 96．句意：我们可以在日常生活中尝试重复使用塑料。“lives”是名词，需用形容词修饰。day的形容词形式是daily。“daily lives” 意为 “日常生活”，是固定表达。 97．句意：在过去几个月里，我们身边的人已经采取行动来助力这件事。“take action” 是固定搭配，意为“采取行动”。 98．句意：2024 年，上海静安区某社区举办了一场“绿色” 市集。“In 2024” 表过去时间，且“market”与“hold”是被动关系。一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。主语是单数用was，hold的过去分词是held。 99．句意：他们用洗涤剂生产商提供的洗涤剂装满自己的瓶子。“bottles” 是名词，需用形容词性物主代词修饰。应填their。 100．句意：我希望有一天，由“绿色”材料制成的衣服会变得流行。“one day”表将来时间，用一般将来时。故填will become。 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $