Unit 4 Section B 1a-2c 课件2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

Section B Why do we explore nature? Mount Qomolangma 珠穆朗玛峰 Lead in What do you know about Qomolangma? It is the highest mountain in the world. 8,848.86 meters high. 1a Where is it located(位于)? How high is it ? China-Nepal border. (中尼边境) It is also called Mount Everest. 1. What are they doing? They are climbing Qomolangma. 2. Which picture was taken more recently? The second one. 3. Try to use some adjectives to describe the journey. Difficult/hard; dangerous; challenging; cold; amazing... Pre-reading 1b Scan the article to find the information below. 1. ______: what climbers called the way up the northern side of the mountain 2. ______: the distance between the Second Step and sea level 3. ______: the year the first Chinese team reached the top of Qomolangma 4. ______: the height of Qomolangma in 2020 Scanning(扫读) You can read a text quickly to find specific information, such as numbers, years, names, and places. Numbers and years are usually in Arabic numerals(阿拉伯数字), while names and places usually start with capital letters(大写字母). Find the keywords first. Fast-reading 课本P36 .....的北侧 到达顶峰 1b Scan the article to find the information below. 1. ____________: what climbers called the way up the northern side of the mountain 2. ____________: the distance between the Second Step and sea level 3. ____________: the year the first Chinese team reached the top of Qomolangma 4. ______________: the height of Qomolangma in 2020 Death Road 8,600 metres 1960 8,848.86 metres 课本P36 Read the article again. Match the paragraphs with the main ideas. 1c ____ Paragraphs 1 and 2 ____ Paragraphs 3 and 4 ____ Paragraph 5 A. Achievements of Chinese teams B. Reasons for climbing Qomolangma C. Difficulties and dangers B A C // // // 课本P37 Difficulties and dangers On the place on earth Feel like you are able to 。 Only the can reach the top,and that is only if they survive the first Temperature: can fall to . Air: . Cliffs: . Weather: . The " " highest touch the sky best climbers terrible conditions -30 degrees thin high changeable Death Road To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world.On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able to touch the sky. But only the best climbers reach the top, and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions first. On the mountain, temperatures can fall to -30 degrees. Climbers must also deal with thin air, high cliffs, and changeable weather. Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the northern side. Mountain climbers even called that way the"Death Road", but a Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb. Why does the writer talk about difficulties and dangers for two paragraphs? To show how hard and dangerous it is to climb Qomolangma. Read the part 1. Careful-reading Reaching New Heights To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world. On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able to touch the sky. But only the best climbers reach the top, and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions first. On the mountain, temperatures can fall to -30 degrees. Climbers must also deal with thin air, high cliffs, and changeable weather. Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the northern side. Mountain climbers even called that way the"Death Road", but a Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb. 能够 多变的天气 决心做…… (气温)降至零下30度 挺过恶劣的环境 世界最伟大的奇迹之一 除非 感觉像是 应对；处理 稀薄的空气 On 24 May 1960, climbers Liu Lianman, Wang Fuzhou,Qu Yinhua, and Gongbu arrived at the Second Step. It was 8,600 metres above sea level. People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. Liu allowed his teammates to step on his shoulders. Bit by bit, the climbers pulled themselves up, and they made it past the Second Step. At 4:20 a.m. on 25 May, the Chinese national flag flew above the world's highest mountain for the first time. Circle all the words about time. In 1975, another Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research. This time, they brought a ladder to the Second Step. Until 2007, almost all climbers from the northern side used this "Chinese Ladder" to reach the top much faster. In 2020, a Chinese research team went to Qomolangma to measure its height—8,848.86 metres. What order does the writer use in Part 2? Time order Read the part 2. Time Order 4:20 a.m. 25 may 24 may 1960 The first team On 24 May 1960, climbers Liu Lianman, Wang Fuzhou, Qu Yinhua, and Gongbu arrived at the Second Step. It was 8,600 metres above sea level. People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. Liu allowed his teammates to step on his shoulders. Bit by bit, the climbers pulled themselves up, and they made it past the Second Step. At 4:20 a.m. on 25 May, the Chinese national flag flew above the world's highest mountain for the first time. In 1975 In 2020 Who? What achievements have they made? Time Order 4:20 a.m. 25 may 24 may 1960 The first team On 24 May 1960, climbers Liu Lianman, Wang Fuzhou,Qu Yinhua, and Gongbu arrived at the Second Step. It was 8,600 metres above sea level. People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. Liu allowed his teammates to step on his shoulders. Bit by bit, the climbers pulled themselves up, and they made it past the Second Step. At 4:20 a.m. on 25 May, the Chinese national flag flew above the world's highest mountain for the first time. In 1975 In 2020 What achievements have they made? What does this mean? It means they have reached the top of the mountain! fly v. 飘扬 No, it’s not easy. step on his shoulders bit by bit pulled themselves up People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. Liu allowed his teammates to step on his shoulders. Bit by bit, the climbers pulled themselves up, and they made it past the Second Step. (1) Do you think it was easy for them to climb up? (2) Which words and phrases in this part show that? 成功通过 Time Order 4:20 a.m. 25 may 24 may 1960 The second team In 1975, another Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research. This time, they brought a ladder to the Second Step. Until 2007, almost all climbers from the northern side used this "Chinese Ladder" to reach the top much faster. In 2020, a Chinese research team went to Qomolangma to measure its height—8,848.86 metres. In 1975 In 2020 Why? What achievements have they made? Time Order 4:20 a.m. 25 may 24 may 1960 The third team In 1975, another Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research. This time, they brought a ladder to the Second Step. Until 2007, almost all climbers from the northern side used this "Chinese Ladder" to reach the top much faster. In 2020, a Chinese research team went to Qomolangma to measure its height—8,848.86metres. In 1975 In 2020 What achievements have they made? 珠穆朗玛峰高程测量纪念碑 Climbing Qomolangma is so dangerous and difficult. Why do people still do it? On 24 May 1960, climbers Liu Lianman, Wang Fuzhou, Qu Yinhua, and Gongbu arrived at the Second Step. It was 8,600 metres above sea level. People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. Liu allowed his teammates to step on his shoulders. Bit by bit, the climbers pulled themselves up, and they made it past the Second Step. At 4:20 a.m. on 25 May, the Chinese national flag flew above the world's highest mountain for the first time. In 1975, another Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research. This time, they brought a ladder to the Second Step. Until 2007, almost all climbers from the northern side used this "Chinese Ladder" to reach the top much faster. In 2020, a Chinese research team went to Qomolangma to measure its height—8,848.86 metres. 做研究 更快地 一点一点地 海拔以上 奋力向上爬 fly v. 飘扬 成功通过 踩在他的肩膀上 如此....以至于.... 国旗 第一次 allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做.... 测量 Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous. Some climbers reach the top successfully, but many fail. Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world? It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped. Or, as the English explorer George Mallory put it, it is simply “because it's there"! Read the part 3: George Mallory 乔治·马洛里 What do you think George Mallory meant by “because it’s there”? He meant that the Qomolangma is the highest mountain. It inspired a deep human desire to challenge and explore the unknown. Why do people still risk their lives to climb Qomolangma? Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous. Some climbers reach the top successfully, but many fail. Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world? It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped. Or, as the English explorer George Mallory put it, it is simply “because it's there"! as sb put it 正如某人所说 冒着生命危险去做…… 成功登顶 不能被阻挡 1. A few climbers reached the top of Qomolangma from the northern side before 1960. 2. In 1960, Liu Lianman’s teammates used a ladder to get past the Second Step. 3. The Chinese team brought a national flag to the top of Qomolangma in 1960. 4. The “Chinese Ladder” was placed at 8,600 metres above sea level. 5. Climbers first started to use the “Chinese Ladder” in 2007. T F T F T F T F T F 1d Read again. Circle T for true or F for false. Then correct the false statements. No one was able to 1975. the second step 课本P37 stepped on his shoulders 在....的北侧 到达顶部 最伟大的奇迹之一 感觉像是 能够做某事 除非 挺过恶劣的天气 多变的天气 应对；处理 稀薄的空气 下定决心做某事 海拔以上 如此.....以至于..... 允许某人做某事 踩在某人的肩膀上 the northern side of reach the top one of the greatest wonders feel like (felt) be able to do sth. only if survive the terrible conditions changeable weather deal with (dealt) thin air be determined to do sth. above sea level so...that... allow sb. to do sth. step on sb’s shoulder(s) (stepped) 一点一点的 奋力向上爬 成功通过 国旗 第一次 做研究 冒着某人的生命危险 正如某人所说 bit by bit pull oneself up make it past (made) national flag for the first time do research risk one’s life/lives (to do sth.) as sb. put it What can we do with the rubbish? Watch the video and learn. 1.To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world.对于大多数人来说,珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最伟大的奇观之一。“one of the+最高级+可数名词复数”表示 “……中最……之一”, 用于强调某个事物在同类中处于顶尖水平,且是其中的一个例子。 如:The Great Wall is one of ___________________________ in the world. 长城是世界上最著名的建筑之一。 the most famous buildings 用所给词的适当形式填空。 This city is one of 　　　　　　　　　　(busy) cities in the country.  the busiest 2.…a Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb. ……一支中国登山队决心进行这次攀登。 be determined to do sth “下定决心做某事;坚决要做某事”, 强调主语内心有坚定的意志和目标,不受外界影响 如: She is determined to learn English well this term. 她决心这学期学好英语。 (　　)They were determined 　　　　the mountain even though it was difficult. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.climb B.to climb C.climbing B 3.It was 8,600 metres above sea level.它位于海拔 8600 米处。 above (反:below) 强调 “在上方(不接触)”, 只表示位置高于某物, 不强调垂直关系 A bird is flying above the lake.一只鸟在湖上方飞。 over (反: under) 强调 “垂直正上方(不接触)”或 “覆盖、越过” 的动作 A lamp hangs over the table. 灯挂在桌子正上方。 on 强调 “与表面接触”,物体直接放在另一物体之上 The book is on the desk. 书在桌子上。 above, over, on 的区别 三者均表示 “在……上方” (　　)(1)The helicopter (直升机) is flying 　　　　the city.  A.above B.over C.on (　　)(2)A bridge is built 　　　　the river, so boats can pass under it.  A.over B.above C.on (　　)(3)There is a cup 　　　　the table.  A.above B.over C.on A A C 4.Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world? 为什么人们仍然冒着生命危险去攀登世界最高峰? (1)不戴头盔的话,在遭遇事故时你会有受伤的风险。 If you don’t wear a helmet, you’re 　　　　　　　　　　in an accident.  (2)这座旧楼有倒塌的危险。 The old building is 　　　　　　　of collapsing.  risking getting hurt　 at risk (1) risk one's life/lives to do sth 冒着生命危险去做某事 (2) risk doing sth 冒险做某事 (3) take a risk/take risks 冒险 (4) at the risk of…冒着…的风险 (5) at risk 处于风险中 5. In 2020, Chinese research team went to Qomolangma to measure its height—8,848.86 metres. 2020年，第三支队伍重返珠穆朗玛峰，测量其高度——8848.86米。 measure v. Can you measure the length of this desk? 你能测量一下这张桌子的长度吗？ 测量；量度为 take measures (to do sth.) 采取措施（做某事） measure n. ① We need to take safety measures. ② Centimeter is a small measure of length. 我们需要采取安全措施。 措施；度量单位 厘米是很小的长度度量单位。 1. 我们可以用尺子测量这本书的宽度。 We can ________ the width of this book with a ruler. 2. 政府需要采取措施来减少污染。 The government needs to ________ ________ to reduce pollution. 3. 米是常见的长度度量单位。 Metre is a common ________ of length. measure take measures measure distance n. 距离；遥远 distance from…to… 从……到……的距离 distance between…and… ……之间的距离 in the distance 在远方；在远处 6. the distance between the Second Step and sea level 远处那边就是那座庙。 That’s the temple ______________________. 成都和西安之间的距离是多少？ What’s __________________ Chengdu and Xi’an? in the distance the distance between death n. 死亡 7. Mountain climbers even called that way the “Death Road” 登山者甚至把这条路线称为“死亡之路” e.g. After Dad’s death, Tom lived alone. 爸爸去世后，汤姆独自生活。 die v. 死去，死亡 （过：died) dead adj. 死的 翻译：Some workers died in the accident last week. 上周，一些工人在事故中丧生。 There is a dead mouse behind the door.    门后面有一只死老鼠。    (1) What caused his ________(dead / death) last night? (2) Three sheep ________(died / death) because of the illness last week. (3) Four days later he heard that Tony was ________ (died / dead). death died dead Section B Why do we explore nature? Vocabulary in Use (2a-2c) 1.____ below　　　5. ____ top 2.____ common　　6. ____ northern 3.____ low　　　　7. ____ risky 4.____ dead　　　 8. ____ survive A. safe　　　 E. unusual B. bottom　　 F. living C. southern　 G. high D. above　　 H. die 常见的 north south adj. 活着的 D E G F B C A H adj.有危险的 2a Match the words on the left with their opposites on the right. n. 死亡 v. 死 课本P38 below-above common-unusual low-high dead-living top-bottom northern-southern risky-safe survive-die Fill in the blanks using the opposite words. 1. It is ______ to wait for the traffic light to turn green, but it is ______ to walk across the road without looking. 2. Seeing a cat in the street is very ________, but seeing a wild tiger there is ________. 3. The kite is _______ the clouds, and the bridge is ______ the river. 4. Without food and water, plants cannot ______; they will ______. safe risky common unusual above below survive die 1. ____________________________________ 4. ____________________________________ 2. ____________________________________ 5. ____________________________________ 3. ____________________________________ 6. ____________________________________ 2b Read the examples and pay attention to the words in blue. How far is it from your home to school? How heavy is a blue whale? How large is your country? How often do you exercise? long high deep old fast soon How long is the Great Wall? How high is Mount Qomolangma? How deep is the Mariana Trench? How old is Mr Green? How fast can a zebra run? How soon will you finish your homework? Make more sentences using how and the words in the box. 通过观察我们可以发现How后接的单词均为形容词或副词，即“How +adj./ adv.”。 how soon 用来询问将来 动作还要多久才发生 时态: 多用于一般将来时 回答: 常用 in + 时间段 课本P38 (1) How _______ do you brush your teeth every day? (2) How _______ is your school bag? (3) How _______ can you run 100 metres? (4) How _______ is the river near your house? (5) How _______ is the zoo from here? Fill in possible adj/adv. to complete the dialogue. often much fast long far Do you know the desspest freshwater lak（淡水湖) in the world? Lake Baikal Here is a scientific record about it. Finish the task. 小红书：Christina在努力｜原创课件 更多教学资源可以关注分享～ 2c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. deep survive wonderful surface dive Located in Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is one of the world’s most famous lakes. It is the ________ freshwater lake in the world. To reach the bottom, you must ________ 1,620 metres! It is also larger than most other lakes. Its ________ covers 31,500 square kilometres. That is bigger than the country of Belgium! Lake Baikal is cold most of the year. But over 1,200 different types of animals can still ________ in this environment. Today, the lake still attracts many curious travellers. After all, it is a great natural ________! deepest dive surface survive wonder adj. 位于 世界上最著名的湖泊之一 淡水湖 许多其他的湖泊 覆盖 一年中大部分时间 许多不同种类的 吸引许多好奇的游客 deeper/deepest wonder A mind map location Siberia, Russia depth 1620 metres surface 31500 square kilometres animals over 1200 different types animals 1.Today, the lake still attracts many curious travellers. 如今,这片湖泊依然吸引着众多好奇的旅行者。 (1)很多学生对月球上的生活很好奇。 Many students are　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the life on the moon.  (2)汤姆好奇地想去试一试那家店里的新冰激凌。 Tom is　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the new ice cream in the shop.  (3)我父母好奇为什么我每个周末都熬夜。 My parents 　　　　　　　　　　　　I stay up late every weekend.  curious about curious to try are curious why attract v. 吸引 attract the attention of ... 吸引……的注意 → attraction n. 向往的地方；吸引力 tourist attraction 旅游景点 (1) They hope that Hua Hua can help ______________________________to Chengdu. 他们希望花花能帮助吸引更多游客来成都。 (2) After a decade, his home was turned into a popular ________________. 十年后，他的家变成了热门旅游景点。 1.Today, the lake still attracts many curious travellers. 如今,这片湖泊依然吸引着众多好奇的旅行者。 tourist attraction attract more visitors/travellers 2.Located in Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is one of the world’s most famous lakes. 贝加尔湖位于俄罗斯西伯利亚地区，是世界上最著名的湖泊之一。 用in/on填空。 (1)The new library is located 　　　Guangzhou.  (2)The bank is located 　　　Main Street.  in on Lavf58.29.100 Packed by Bilibili XCoder v2.0.2 Lavf58.29.100 Packed by Bilibili XCoder v2.0.2 Lavf59.27.100 Lavf57.83.100 Lavf56.40.101 Packed by Bilibili XCoder v2.0.2 $