Unit 4 Lesson 5 Section B (1a-2c)（讲解课件）-【优翼·学练优】2025-2026学年八年级英语下册同步备课（人教版）

Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature Section B Why do we explore nature? (1a-1e)& Vocabulary in Use Learning Objectives In this lesson you will: 1. understand the main idea and specific details of the passage. 2. master important vocabulary and expressions from the passage, and use them in simple contexts. 3. understand the spirits of national pride, teamwork, and perseverance shown in the story of Chinese climbers, and be able to talk about your own thoughts on these qualities. Watch and Say What mountain are the climbers climbing? It’s Mount Qomolangma! Think and Share What do you know about Mount Qomolangma? Where is Mount Qomolangma? It’s on the border between China and Nepal. How high is it? It’s 8848.86 meters high. Is it still growing? Yes, it is. What’s the climate like on Mount Qomolangma? extremely cold strong winds snowstorms changeable and unpredictable low oxygen Why is it called “The Roof of the World”? Becauses it’s the highest mountain in the world. When did people climb Mount Qomolangma successfully for the first time? And who did that? It was on May 29, 1953. Edmund Hillary from New Zealand and Tenzing Norgay, a Nepalese guide, reached the summit from the southern slope, making history as the first climbers to conquer the world's highest peak.  Here’s a video to help you know more about Mount Qomolangma. Free Talk Have you ever climbed a mountain?            How did you feel? What challenges are there when climbing a very high mountain like Qomolangma? Background Knowledge There are two main routes to climb Qomolangma. South Col Route 南坳路线 (Nepal Side) 1. Start at Base Camp in Nepal. 2. Go through the Khumbu Icefall（昆布冰川）. This is very dangerous because the ice moves and can break. 3. Walk up the Western Cwm(西库姆冰斗) (a wide, flat valley). 4. Climb the Lhotse Face(洛子峰壁) (a steep wall of ice). 5. Reach the South Col (a flat area before the top). 6. From there, go to the summit! The last famous difficult part is the Hillary Step(希拉里台阶) (a rocky cliff). North Col Route 北坳路线 (Xizang, China Side) 1. Start at Base Camp in Xizang. 2. Climb up to the North Col (a sharp dip in the ridge). This is a steep ice slope. 3. Walk along the North Ridge. 4. Climb over three big rocky steps called the First Step, Second Step, and Third Step.The Second Step is very famous and difficult. 5. From there, go to the summit! Predict Reaching New Heights What would be mentioned in the article according to the title and pictures? Tick the options that you think would be included in the article. The dangers and difficulties of climbing Qomolangma A story about climbing Qomolangma The history of human climbing Qomolangma How to prepare for climbing Qomolangma Why people climb Qomolangma Environmental problems on Qomolangma Skim Reading Read the article quickly and match the correct main idea with each paragraph. No one had climbed from the north side before 1960, but a Chinese team tried. Para 1 Para 2 Para 3 Para 4 Para 5 How the first Chinese team got past the Second Step and reached the top from the north in 1960. Qomolangma is a wonder, but climbing it is dangerous because of terrible conditions. Why humans climb Qomolangma. Chinese teams left a ladder (1975) and measured the height (2020). Scan Reading 1.__________: what climbers called the way up the northern side of the mountain 2.___________: the distance between the Second Step and sea level 3.___________: the year the first Chinese team reached the top of Qomolangma 4.____________: the height of Qomolangma in 2020 Scan the article to find the information below. Scanning You can read a text quickly to find specific information, such as numbers, years, names, and places. Numbers and years are usually in Arabic numerals, while names and places usually start with capital letters. Death Road 8600 meters 1960 8848.86 meters 1b Read the article again. Match the paragraphs with the main ideas. 1c _______ Paragraphs 1 and 2 _______ Paragraphs 3 and 4 _______ Paragraph 5 A. Achievements of Chinese teams B. Reasons for climbing Qomolangma C. Difficulties and dangers C A B 1. A few climbers reached the top of Qomolangma from the northern side before 1960. T F 2. In 1960, Liu Lianman's teammates used a ladder to get past the Second Step. T F 3. The Chinese team brought a national flag to the top of Qomolangma in 1960. T F Read again. Circle T for true or F for false. Then correct the false statements. No one 1d stepped on his shoulders 4. The “Chinese Ladder” was placed at 8,600 metres above sea level. T F 5. Climbers first started to use the “Chinese Ladder”in 2007. T F 1975 More Comprehensive Questions 1. Why was the northern side called the "Death Road" before 1960? 2. How did the 1960 Chinese climbing team overcome the Second Step? What does this show about them? Because before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the northern side, and the climbing conditions there were very terrible. Liu Lianman let his teammates step on his shoulders and then the climbers pulled themselves up bit by bit.  This shows that the team was very determined, worked well together, and were brave enough to risk their lives to succeed. 3. What does "new heights" in the title refer to? It refers to both the new heights achieved by people in climbing Mount Qomolangma (such as the first Chinese team reaching the top from the northern side, measuring the mountain's height more accurately) and the new heights of human curiosity, ambition and the spirit of challenging difficulties. Discuss the questions. 1. How do you think the Chinese climbers felt when they placed the national flag on top of Qomolangma? I think the Chinese climbers felt extremely proud and excited. They were the first to reach the top from the northern side after overcoming terrible conditions. Placing the national flag there meant they achieved a great goal for their country, so they must have also felt a strong sense of honor and satisfaction. 1e 2. What do you think George Mallory meant by “because it's there”? I think he meant that the mountain itself is the reason to climb it. It's not for fame or money. It’s about human curiosity and the natural desire to challenge something that’s right in front of them—something big, difficult, and real. 3. What qualities do you think a good mountain climber needs to have? a healthy and strong body determined and never give up good teamwork spirit always stay calm smart and brave respect for nature ... 1. But only the best climbers reach the top, and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions first. Language Points “only if” 是英语中常用的 条件连词，核心含义是 “只有…… 才……”，用来强调实现某个结果的 “唯一前提或必要条件。 e.g. You can pass the exam only if you study hard. 注意： 若 “only if” 引导的从句放在句首，主句需要用部分倒装（助动词 / 情态动词 /be 动词提前到主语前） e.g. Only if he apologizes will she forgive him. survive 作及物动词和不及物动词，意为“生存；存活” 作及物动词时，宾语可以是 “灾难、疾病、困境” 等名词。意为“挺过 / 熬过……（困难、危险） e.g.The old man survived a serious heart attack last year. How did they survive the long, cold winter without enough food? 作不及物动词时，常与介词 “from” 或 “in” 连用，描述 “从…… 中存活”。 e.g. He was the only one who survived in the car crash. condition 作名词，意为“状态；境况” 1）可以指人或事物当前的身体、健康、质量等状态，常与 “in + 形容词 + condition” 搭配，表示 “处于…… 状态” in good condition（状态好）、in bad/poor condition（状态差） e.g.The patient’s condition is getting worse. 2）指实现某个目标、达成某个协议必须满足的前提，常与 “on the condition that”（在…… 条件下）、“meet/satisfy the conditions” （满足条件）搭配。 e.g. To get this job, you need to meet all the conditions. 3）指影响人或事物的外部环境（如自然环境、生活环境），常用复数形式 “conditions”，课文中就是此种用法。 e.g. Climbers must face terrible conditions on Mount Qomolangma. 2. On the mountain, temperatures can fall to -30 degrees. fall to 表示（数量、水平、温度等）下降到；跌至，后接具体数字或抽象 “低水平” 名词，强调 “下降的结果” e.g. The price of this phone has fallen to 2000 yuan. （这款手机的价格已经跌至 2000 元。） degree 作名词，表示“度；度数；程度” 1）用于表示温度（℃/℉）或角度（°）的具体数值，后接数字，常与 “of” 或温度单位搭配。 e.g. The water boils at 100 degrees Celsius at sea level.（海平面上，水在 100 摄氏度时沸腾。） 2）指事物的强弱、深浅、好坏等程度，常用 “a degree of + 名词” 或 “to some degree”（在某种程度上）搭配。 e.g. To some degree, his success comes from hard work.（在某种程度上，他的成功源于努力。） 3）还可指“学位”，常见搭配有 “get/receive a degree in + 专业”（获得某专业学位）、“bachelor’s degree”（学士学位）、“master’s degree”（硕士学位）等。 e.g. He got a degree in computer science from Peking University.（他从北京大学获得了计算机科学学位。） 3. ... but a Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb. determined 表示“有决心的；坚决的” be determined to do sth. 下定决心做某事 e.g. She is determined to finish her homework before watching TV. a determined person（一个有决心的人） a determined look（坚定的神情） 4. Bit by bit, the climbers pulled themselves up, and they made it past the Second Step. bit by bit 表示“一点点地；逐渐地” 属于副词短语（adverbial phrase），通常用来修饰动词，说明动作进行的方式或过程，可放在句末、句中或句首（句首时常用逗号隔开）。 e.g. She learned to play the piano bit by bit. （她一点一点学会了弹钢琴。） 5. In 2020, a third team returned to Qomolangma to measure its height—8,848.86 metres. measure 在此句中作动词， 表示“测量；衡量” ，常见搭配： measure + length/weight/temperature/size+ (for sth) e.g. This device is used to measure water temperature. （这个设备用来测量水温。） Success shouldn’t only be measured by money. （成功不应只用钱来衡量。） measure 还可以作名词， 表示“措施、办法” ，常见搭配： take measures to do sth 采取 / 实施措施做某事 e.g. The government has taken strict measures to reduce air pollution. （政府已采取严格措施减少空气污染。） 6. Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world? risk 在此句中作动词， 表示“冒……风险” ，宾语多为 “生命、健康、财产、机会” 等名词。 risk one’s life to do sth 冒生命危险做某事 risk doing sth 冒着做……的风险 e.g. I won’t risk losing my job for this. （我不会为了这个冒丢掉工作的风险。） risk 还可以作名词， 表示“风险；危险” ，常见搭配： at risk 处于危险中 at the risk of (doing) sth： 冒着（做某事的）风险 e.g. He saved the child from the fire at the risk of his own life.（他冒着生命危险从火中救出了那个孩子。） 7. Or, as the English explorer George Mallory put it, it is simply “because it's there”! as sb put it 是英语中常用的引用类短语，核心功能是引出他人的观点、说法或表达方式，字面含义为 “正如某人（所）说 / 表述的那样”。 e.g. As my teacher put it, practice is the key to mastering a language.（正如我的老师所说，练习是掌握一门语言的关键。） Vocabulary in Use Match the words on the left with their opposites on the right. _____ 1. below _____ 2. common _____ 3. low _____ 4. dead _____ 5. top _____ 6. northern _____ 7. risky _____ 8. survive A. safe B. bottom C. southern D. above E. unusual F. living G. high H.die D E G F B C A H 2a Read the examples and make more sentences using how and the words in the box. How far is it from your home to school? How heavy is a blue whale? How large is your country? How often do you exercise? long high deep old fast soon 1.________________________ 2.________________________ 3.________________________ 4.________________________ 5.________________________ 6.________________________ How long have you lived here? How high is the buildiing? How deep is the lake? How old is the boy? How fast can you run? How soon will you be back? 2b Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. Located in Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is one of the world's most famous lakes. It is the____________ freshwater lake in the world. To reach the bottom, you must____________1,620 metres! It is also larger than most other lakes. Its____________covers 31,500 square kilometres. That is bigger than the country of Belgium! Lake Baikal is cold most of the year. But over 1,200 different types of animals can still____________ in this environment. Today, the lake still attracts many curious travellers. After all, it is a great natural ____________! deep survive wonderful surface dive deepest dive surface survive wonder 2c 本文件著作权为创作公司所有, 仅限于教师教学及其他非商业性和非盈利性用途。如发现盗用、转卖、网络传播等侵权行为, 本公司将依法追究其相应法律责任。 部分素材选自网络, 如有争议, 请联系删改。 声 明 Lavf58.29.100 Packed by Bilibili XCoder v2.0.2 $