Unit 4 Body Language Reading and Thinking 分层同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Reading and Thinking 一、必备知识基础练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.After months of living in a tropical climate,Spain is cool 　　　　　　comparison.  2.It was with the help of his friends that Jackson got 　　　　　　　the hard times.  3.Teachers have a limited amount of time to interact 　　　　　each child and the limited 　　　　　　(interact) prevents each other’s deep understanding.  4.The last twenty years 　　　　　　　　　　　(witness) the great advances that our country has made in space exploration.  5.To his great joy,he was the first person in our town 　　　　　　　　　　　　(employ) to take care of the pandas.  6.Learning to make reasonable 　　　　　　　　　(infer) is also key to your success.  7.Turning around,David saw an 　　　　　　(anger) bear moving fast towards him.  8.Our information comes from a 　　　　　　　(rely) source and you can rely 　　　　　　　　such information.  Ⅱ.选词填空 by comparison,break down,differ from,in favour of,approve of 1.People’s facial expressions 　　　　　　　　　　those of animals,for they can be controlled on purpose.  2.I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　your trying to take a part-time job,but please don’t neglect your studies.  3.　　　　　　　　　　　　,government investment in education has increased greatly this year.  4.I strongly suggest that you adopt his advice on how 　　　　　　　　　　　　so many barriers.  5.My father was 　　　　　　　　　　　　my plan to travel around the world,while my mother was opposed to it.  Ⅲ.单句写作 1.各种各样的课外活动将被举办,从英语角到文学俱乐部不等。[应用文之学校活动] (vary from...to) Varieties of after-class activities will be held,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  2.我们可以根据一个人对待陌生人的方式来判断他。 [应用文之肢体语言] (the way+定语从句) We can judge a person by 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  3.正如我母亲经常说的,对一个孩子来说,没有什么比接受高等教育更重要的了。(there is nothing +比较级+ than...) As my mother often says,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 receiving higher education to a child.  4.在一些文化里,盯着别人的眼睛被认为是不礼貌的。[应用文之肢体语言] (look into someone’s eyes) In some cultures,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is considered to be impolite.  5.一步一步地,他知道了在与外国人交流时使用手势的重要性。[应用文之肢体语言] (gesture) Step by step,he knew 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in communicating with the foreigners.  二、素养能力提升练 Ⅳ.阅读理解 A The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful,or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness,uneasiness,or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable;therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation.People in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs. Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people,just as some traditional Chinese and Thai people do.Therefore,when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops,what may be implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures,silence is a call for reflection. Other cultures may use silence in other ways,particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.For example,Russian,French,and Spanish people may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion.However,Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use,people in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect,particularly to an elder or a person in authority. Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures. 1.What does the author say about silence in conversations? A.It implies anger. B.It promotes friendship. C.It is culture-specific. D.It is content-based. 2.Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought? A.The Chinese. B.The French. C.The Mexicans. D.The Russians. 3.What does the author advise nurses to do about silence? A.Let it continue as the patient pleases. B.Break it while treating patients. C.Evaluate its harm to patients. D.Make use of its healing effects. 4.What may be the best title for the text? A.Sound and Silence B.What It Means to Be Silent C.Silence to Native Americans D.Speech Is Silver;Silence Is Gold B Just as with any other subject,people who learn sign language are learning a new skill and using their brains to do this,thus expanding their minds in a new field. A research has been carried out which proves that deaf children who learn sign language at an early age are more likely to do well academically.This is partly due to their increased ability to communicate with those around them.However,it is also because sign language is not,as many people mistakenly think,a system of gestures representing words,but a complicated language system,just as the English which is used in this article.Thus,children who learn sign language have already learnt about the way language works and is made up,which will help in future studies especially if they decide to learn to speak English,or any other spoken language. A deaf child who can use sign language develops a sense of identity.This will lead to a happier and more confident child because they know their place in the world is secure. Again,for non-deaf children and adults who learn sign language,the academic advantages spread into social and cultural ones.Learning a language gives rise to greater confidence for those people,as they are able to communicate with someone whose peers may struggle to do so.And the skills of language learning are easily transferable into learning other languages but also into other academic pursuits. There can be no doubt that learning sign languages is a useful attempt for anyone — whether they are deaf or non-deaf.The social and cultural advantages should not be taken lightly.And,especially with children,learning a language which helps people with a disadvantage may encourage them in the future to do more volunteering and other such work.They can be taught to hug all people regardless of their differences. 5.What is the second paragraph mainly about? A.Academic advantages of deaf kids learning sign language. B.Causes of deaf children learning sign language. C.Approaches to helping deaf children recover. D.Difficulties that deaf children meet in their language study. 6.Why does learning sign language make a deaf child happier? A.It makes a deaf child more humorous. B.It provides a deaf child with a life without danger. C.It helps a deaf child perform well in building up their body. D.It gives a deaf child a sense of belonging. 7.What will a child learning sign language be like in the future? A.Extremely intelligent. B.Slightly imperfect. C.Socially responsible. D.Financially successful. 8.What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To discuss the different purposes for people to learn sign language. B.To show it is important for both deaf children and non-deaf children to learn sign language. C.To call on non-deaf children to learn sign language. D.To attract deaf children to communicate with non-deaf children. C In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People,Dale Carnegie wrote:“I have come to the conclusion that there is only one way to get the best of an argument — and that is to avoid it.” This distaste for arguments is common,but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place. Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights,which is how we often think of them.Like physical fights,verbal (言语的) fights can leave both sides bloodied.Even when you win,you end up no better off.You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like,say,tennis tournaments.Pairs of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner comes out from all who entered.Everybody else loses.This kind of thinking explains why so many people try to avoid arguments. However,there are ways to win an argument every time.When you state your position,formulate (阐述) an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good.When you talk with someone who takes a stand,ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell out their argument fully.Assess its strength and weakness.Raise objections (异议) and listen carefully to their replies.This method will require effort,but practice will make you better at it.  These tools can help you win every argument — not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about what divides people,learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them.If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument. 9.What is the author’s attitude towards Carnegie’s understanding of argument? A.Critical. B.Supportive. C.Tolerant. D.Uncertain. 10.Why do many people try to avoid arguments? A.They lack debating skills. B.They may feel bad even if they win. C.They fear being ignored. D.They are not confident in themselves. 11.What does the underlined phrase “spell out” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A.Defend. B.Explain. C.Conclude. D.Repeat. 12.What is the key to “winning” an argument according to the author? A.Sense of logic. B.Solid supporting evidence. C.Proper manners. D.Understanding from both sides. Ⅴ.七选五 Learning how to understand body language is essential if you’re serious about being a good communicator.When you know how to read body language,you can gain deeper insight into what others are really saying.You can also consciously improve your nonverbal communication.　1　.  Develop your emotional awareness Being able to read body language signs allows you to better interpret the emotions and moods of other people.This enables you to understand what they really think or feel about something.　2　.  Bond better with your peers Not everyone is comfortable sharing their true feelings or thoughts.They might be going through family difficulties at home.　3　.By interpreting people’s body language,you can better understand their views.Or you can be friendly and supportive when they need support but don’t feel that they can ask for it.  　4　  When you know how to read body language,you can know how to use it to build trust.You can consciously use nonverbal cues (非语言暗示) that indicate you’re being open and honest.You can also avoid the cues that imply you’re distracted,dishonest,or hiding something. Get your point across in the right way Another benefit of understanding body language is that you can use it to better get your point across.You can consciously incorporate gestures and other nonverbal cues that emphasize your point rather than contradict it.　5　.Consciously using different types of nonverbal communication can help you appear confident,even if you don’t feel it.You can also emphasize your message and inspire trust,as mentioned.Altogether,this helps you make a good first impression and build your influence on others.  A.Build trust more easily B.Understand others more easily C.They might feel that no one would listen to them D.Besides,it can help you make a good impression E.You can then respond to them in the appropriate way F.It keeps you from picking up what others really mean G.Let’s explore the benefits of understanding body language 参考答案 Ⅰ.1.by　2.through　3.with;interaction　4.has witnessed 5.to be employed　6.inferences　7.angry　8.reliable;on Ⅱ.1.differ from　2.approve of　3.By comparison　4.to break down　5.in favour of Ⅲ.1.varying from the English Corner to the Literature Club 2.the way he treats a stranger　3.there is nothing more important than　4.looking into someone’s eyes　5.the importance of using gestures Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了沉默在不同文化背景下的不同内涵。 1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups...A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness,uneasiness,or worry.”可知,沉默的含义因文化群体而异,交谈中的沉默也可能表示固执、不安或担忧。所以作者认为谈话中的沉默是有文化特性的。故选C项。 2.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating...is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.”可知,许多印第安人珍视沉默,认为这是人与人之间交流的基本组成部分,就像一些传统的中国人和泰国人一样。因此,当一个来自其中一种文化的人说话时突然停下来,暗示说话者想要倾听者思考一下他所说过的话。所以中国人认为谈话时人们沉默是为了让别人思考。故选A项。 3.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A nurse who understands the healing value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients”可知,了解沉默的治疗价值的护士可以利用这种了解来帮助护理病人。所以作者建议护士要用沉默来治疗病人。故选D项。 4.B　标题归纳题。根据第一段的“The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.” 可知,沉默的含义因文化群体而异。在不同文化背景下谈话期间的沉默有不同含义。所以短文的最佳标题是“沉默意味着什么”。故选B项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了失聪和听力正常的人学习手语都是有好处的。 5.A　段落大意题。根据第二段中的“A research has been carried out which proves that deaf children who learn sign language at an early age are more likely to do well academically.”和“Thus,children who learn sign language have already learnt about the way language works and is made up,which will help in future studies especially if they decide to learn to speak English,or any other spoken language.”可知,第二段主要讲失聪孩子学习手语对他们的学业有好处。故选A项。 6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段可知,归属感使学手语的失聪孩子更快乐。故选D项。 7.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“And,especially with children,learning a language which helps people with a disadvantage may encourage them in the future to do more volunteering and other such work.”可知,听力正常的孩子学习手语在将来会更具有社会责任感。故选C项。 8.B　推理判断题。通读全文,结合第一段、第二段中的“A research has been carried out which proves that deaf children who learn sign language at an early age are more likely to do well academically.”以及第四段中的“Again,for non-deaf children and adults who learn sign language,the academic advantages spread into social and cultural ones.”可知,本文主要目的是告诉读者对失聪儿童和听力正常的儿童来说,学习手语都很重要。故选B项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。作者阐述了争论的意义和赢得争论的方法。 9.A　推理判断题。根据第一段中“This distaste for arguments is common,but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.”可知,作者对于Carnegie对争论的看法持批判态度。故选A项。 10.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Like physical fights,verbal fights can leave both sides bloodied.Even when you win,you end up no better off.You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like,say,tennis tournaments.”可知,很多人尽量避免争论,是因为即使赢了他们也感觉很糟糕。故选B项。 11.B　词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在句“ask them to give you a reason for their view”可知,让他们为自己的观点提供依据,即让他们充分阐明他们的观点,spell out意为“解释明白,讲清楚”。故选B项。 12.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to ‘win’ an argument.”可知,作者认为“赢得”争论的关键是通过交流获得彼此的尊重和理解。故选D项。 Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了理解肢体语言的好处。 1.G　根据上文“When you know how to read body language,you can gain deeper insight into what others are really saying.You can also consciously improve your nonverbal communication.”以及下文中的段落小标题可知,空处承上启下,说明即将要讨论的是理解肢体语言的好处。选项G符合语境。故选G项。 2.E　根据上文“This enables you to understand what they really think or feel about something.”可知,空处承接上文,说明了解对方对某事的真实想法或感受以后可以采取的措施。E项中的“them”和上文中的“they”对应,指代上文的“other people”。选项E符合语境。故选E项。 3.C　根据上文“Not everyone is comfortable sharing their true feelings or thoughts.They might be going through family difficulties at home.”可知,空处承接上文,说明具体的困难。选项C符合语境。故选C项。 4.A　空处为段落主题句。根据下文“When you know how to read body language,you can know how to use it to build trust.”可知,本段的关键词是信任。选项A符合语境。故选A项。 5.D　根据上文“Another benefit of understanding body language is that you can use it to better get your point across.You can consciously incorporate gestures and other nonverbal cues that emphasize your point rather than contradict it.”可知,空处补充说明通过理解肢体语言来表达自己观点的好处。选项D符合语境。故选D项。 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $