Unit 7 Space exploration单词讲解课件 2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语下册

Unit 7 Space exploration 初中英语沪教版八年级下册单词讲解 Vocabulary beef /biːf/ n. 牛肉 seafood /ˈsiːfuːd/ n. 海鲜 afford /əˈfɔːd/ v. 承担得起（后果） mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ n. 错误；失误 stick /stɪk/ v. 粘；贴 hit /hɪt/ v. 碰撞；撞击 gym /dʒɪm/ n. 健身房 destroy /dɪˈstrɔɪ/ v. 摧毁 average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ adj. 平均的 probable /ˈprɒbəbl/ adj. 很可能发生（或存在等）的 select /sɪˈlekt/ v. 挑选；选拔 spaceflight /ˈspeɪsflaɪt/ n. 航天；宇宙飞行 Vocabulary serve /sɜːv/ v. 为……工作；服务 deliver /dɪˈlɪvə(r)/ v. 传送；运载 supplies /səˈplaɪz/ n. [pl.] 补给；补给品 point /pɔɪnt/ n. 时刻；阶段 lab /læb/ n. 实验室 — — — • Unit 7 • — — — Words and expressions beef /biːf/ n. 牛肉 词性 变换 - beefy adj. 健壮的；结实的 - beefsteak n. 牛排 短语 - roast beef 烤牛肉 - beef noodles 牛肉面 例句 1. Astronauts can eat specially prepared beef in space. 宇航员在太空中可以食用特制的牛肉。 2. I like eating beef because it gives me energy. 我喜欢吃牛肉，因为它能给我补充能量。 seafood /ˈsiːfuːd/ n. 海鲜；海味 词性 变换 - seafood-based adj. 以海鲜为主的 短语 - fresh seafood 新鲜海鲜 - seafood restaurant 海鲜餐厅 例句 1. Seafood is not usually served on space missions. 太空任务中通常不提供海鲜。 2. Some people are allergic to seafood. 有些人对海鲜过敏。 afford /əˈfɔːd/ v. 承担得起（后果）；买得起；抽得出（时间） 词性 变换 - affordable adj. 负担得起的；平价的 短语 - afford to do sth. 承担得起做某事 - can't afford sth. 买不起某物 例句 1. You can't afford to make mistakes in a space mission. 在太空任务中，你承担不起犯错的后果。 2. We can't afford to waste water or electricity. 我们浪费不起水和电。 mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ n. 错误；失误 v. 弄错；误解 词性 变换 - mistaken adj. 错误的；被误解的 短语 - make a mistake 犯错误 - by mistake 错误地；无意中 例句 1. A small mistake can be dangerous in space. 在太空中，一个小错误都可能很危险。 2. He took my umbrella by mistake. 他错拿了我的雨伞。 stick /stɪk/ v. 粘；贴；卡住；坚持 n. 棍；棒 词性 变换 - sticks v. 粘；贴 - stuck v. 粘；贴 短语 - stick to sth. 坚持某事 - stick together 粘在一起 例句 1. Things don't stick together easily in space because there's no gravity. 因为没有重力，东西在太空中不容易粘在一起。 2. Stick the label on the bottle carefully. 小心地把标签贴在瓶子上。 hit /hɪt/ v. 碰撞；撞击；击中 n. 一击；撞击 词性 变换 - hits v. 碰撞；击中 - hit v. 碰撞；击中 短语 - hit sth. 撞到某物 - hit the target 击中目标 例句 1. Space junk can hit satellites and cause serious problems. 太空垃圾可能撞击卫星并造成严重问题。 2. The ball hit the window and broke it. 球撞到了窗户，把它打碎了。 gym /dʒɪm/ n. 健身房；体育馆 词性 变换 - gym-based adj. 以健身房为基础的 - gymnastics n. 体操；体育 短语 - go to the gym 去健身房 - gym class 体育课 例句 1. Astronauts exercise in the gym on the space station to stay healthy. 宇航员在空间站的健身房锻炼以保持健康。 2. I go to the gym three times a week. 我每周去三次健身房。 destroy /dɪˈstrɔɪ/ v. 摧毁；破坏；毁灭 词性 变换 - destructive adj. 破坏性的；毁灭性的 - destruction n. 破坏；毁灭 短语 - destroy sth. completely 彻底摧毁某物 - destroy the environment 破坏环境 例句 1. A large piece of space junk could destroy a satellite. 一块大的太空垃圾可能摧毁一颗卫星。 2. The storm destroyed many houses in the village. 暴风雨摧毁了村里的许多房屋。 average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ adj. 平均的；普通的 n. 平均数；平均水平 词性 变换 - on adv. average 平均来看 短语 - the average age 平均年龄 - above/below average 高于/低于平均水平 例句 1. The average time astronauts spend in space is about six months. 宇航员在太空的平均停留时间约为六个月。 2. On average, I sleep eight hours a day. 我平均每天睡八个小时。 probable /ˈprɒbəbl/ adj. 很可能发生（或存在等）的；大概的 词性 变换 - probably adv. 大概；很可能 - probability n. 可能性；概率 短语 - it is probable that... 很可能…… - the probable cause 可能的原因 例句 1. It is probable that we will send more people to space in the future. 未来我们很可能会送更多的人进入太空。 2. The probable cause of the problem is a lack of fuel. 问题可能的原因是燃料不足。 select /sɪˈlekt/ v. 挑选；选拔；选择 词性 变换 - selection n. 选择；挑选 - selective adj. 有选择性的；挑剔的 短语 - select sb. for sth. 选拔某人做某事 - select from 从……中挑选 例句 1. Only the best people are selected to become astronauts. 只有最优秀的人才会被选为宇航员。 2. She selected a book from the shelf to read. 她从书架上选了一本书来读。 spaceflight /ˈspeɪsflaɪt/ n. 航天；宇宙飞行 词性 变换 - spacefaring adj. 航天的；太空旅行的 短语 - human spaceflight 载人航天 - a spaceflight mission 航天任务 例句 1. The history of human spaceflight began in the 20th century. 人类航天的历史始于20世纪。 2. The first spaceflight was a huge success. 第一次宇宙飞行取得了巨大成功。 serve /sɜːv/ v. 为……工作；服务；供应；服役 词性 变换 - service n. 服务；服役 - serving adj. 上菜的；服务的 短语 - serve the people 为人民服务 - serve as 担任；充当 例句 1. The satellite serves as a communication tool for the astronauts. 这颗卫星是宇航员的通讯工具。 2. He served in the army for three years. 他在军队服役了三年。 deliver /dɪˈlɪvə(r)/ v. 传送；运载；递送；交付 词性 变换 - delivery n. 递送；交付 - deliverable adj. 可交付的 短语 - deliver sth. to sb. 把某物递送给某人 - deliver a speech 发表演讲 例句 1. The rocket will deliver supplies to the space station. 火箭将把补给品送到空间站。 2. The postman delivers letters every day. 邮递员每天送信。 supplies /səˈplaɪz/ n. [pl.] 补给；补给品；供应物 词性 变换 - supply v. 供应；提供 - supply n. 供应；供给 短语 - medical supplies 医疗用品 - food supplies 食物补给 例句 1. The astronauts need fresh supplies every few months. 宇航员每隔几个月就需要新鲜的补给。 2. The campers took enough supplies for a week. 露营者带了足够一周用的补给品。 point /pɔɪnt/ n. 时刻；阶段；点；分数 v. 指向；指出 词性 变换 - pointed adj. 尖的；锐利的 短语 - at this point 在这一点上；此时此刻 - the turning point 转折点 例句 1. At this point, the rocket will leave the Earth's atmosphere. 在这个时刻，火箭将离开地球大气层。 2. She pointed to the map and showed me the way. 她指着地图给我指路。 lab /læb/ n. 实验室（laboratory的缩写） 词性 变换 - laboratory n. 实验室（全称） 短语 - science lab 科学实验室 - lab experiment 实验室实验 例句 1. Scientists do experiments in the lab to prepare for space travel. 科学家们在实验室里做实验，为太空旅行做准备。 2. We have chemistry lessons in the lab every week. 我们每周都在实验室上化学课。 — — — • Unit 7 • — — — Exercises 一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词。 1. The astronauts need to exercise in the ____ (健身房) every day to stay fit. 2. Space junk can ___ (碰撞；撞击) a spacecraft and cause serious damage. 3. We can't ______ (承担得起) to waste any supplies in space. 4. A small _______ (错误；失误) could be dangerous during a spaceflight. 5. The rocket is scheduled to ________ (起飞) at dawn tomorrow. gym hit afford mistake take off 一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词。 6. Scientists are doing experiments in the ___ (实验室) to prepare for future space missions. 7. It is ________ (很可能) that humans will live on Mars one day. 8. They will ______ (挑选) the best candidates to become astronauts. 9. The satellite will _______ (传送) important data back to Earth. 10. Astronauts rely on regular ________ (补给) from Earth. lab probable select deliver supplies 二、用单词的适当形式填空 1. A strong collision with space junk can _______ (destroy)a satellite completely. 2.The poster _____ (stick) to the wall because of the special adhesive. 3. ________(probable), the next space mission will be launched in two months. 4.The committee has ________ (select) three astronauts for the upcoming mission. 5.The company is responsible for __________ (deliver)food supplies to the space station. destroy stuck Probably selected delivering 二、用单词的适当形式填空 6. Making a small _______ (mistake)in space can have serious consequences. 7.This machine ______ (serve) as a communication tool between Earth and the space station. 8. The _______ (average)duration of a space mission is about six months. 9. Yesterday, a piece of space junk ___ (hit) an old satellite. 10.The astronauts need fresh ________ (supply) every three months. mistake serves average hit supplies 三、选词填空 afford, hit, deliver, select, supplies (请从方框中选择合适单词填入空格，每词限用一次) 1. The space agency will ______ the most suitable candidates for the mission. 2. Astronauts cannot ______ to make careless mistakes in space. 3. A large fragment of space junk could ___ the satellite and damage it. 4. The rocket is designed to _______ food and medical items to the space station. 5. Regular shipments of ________ are essential for the survival of astronauts in space. select afford hit deliver supplies See You! $