上海市杨浦区中原中学2025-2026学年高一年级(下)英语学科期中测试试卷

中原中学高一年级（下）英语学科期中测试 考生注意： 1.考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。 2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择 题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3.务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。 I.Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank. Understanding the Closeness-.Communication Bias(亲近沟通偏差) Most of us assume that we communicate better with our friends and family members (1)we do with strangers.However,it is often the case that the closer we are to somebody,the less likely we are to listen carefully to them.This phenomenon is called closeness-communication bias,and it has been known (2) (cause)serious damage to personal relationships. The reason (3) many people unconsciously "tune out"their family members or close friends is that they think they already know what the other person is going to say.It's similar to the way in which you might not notice signs,landmarks, or scenery on a path you (4)(travel)down numerous times. Researchers have repeatedly demonstrated closeness-communication bias in experiments.In one such study,participants (5) (group)with friends or spouses,followed by being,grouped with complete strangers.Researchers then asked the participants to interpret(6)their friends and spouses were saying to them. In the majority of cases,although most participants assumed they would better understand those they were close to,they actually understood them no better than strangers.In some cases,they understood their close friends and spouses even (7) (little). Another study showed that people are more likely to share their most worrisome troubles with people they were less close to rather than with their spouses or close friends.When(8) _(open)up to strangers,people are able to avoid judgment and prevent creating unnecessary conflict within their close relationships. Unfortunately the closeness-communication bias is a reality that most people live with (9) they know it or not.Not only does this prevent people from listening to those they love,but it also means their loved(10) aren't listening to them,either. Section B Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A.recycled B.advanced C.challenging D.protection E.productive F.establishing G.separation H.resupply I.controlled J.progress K.transporting Growing Food in 3D-printed Greenhouses to Feed Astronauts Space is dangerous,almost unimaginably so.But technological (11) has allowed people to explore this extremely deadly environment for decades.Within the (12) of a space station,astronauts have enough air,food and water to complete missions of a year or longer,safely.The International Space Station can go for months without a(n)(13):But missions to further reaches of space are a different matter altogether.It now seems that (14)a base on the moon or sending humans to Mars is just on the horizon.That can only happen if new and completely reliable ways are developed to provide humans with enough air,water and food. One company,Interstellar Labs,believes they have created a system that can solve the food problem.They have developed a(n)(15),self-sustaining system that can grow plants anywhere,even in space.They call their artificial intelligence(Al managed greenhouses BioPods,and they are designed to be very efficient.In fact,Interstellar Labs claims that BioPods reduce the amount of land and water needed to produce food by 99 percent.That is not an impossible claim.BioPods don't use any soil to grow plants,and the vast majority of water is continuously (16) According to Interstellar labs,BioPod-grown plants are up to 300 times more (1/)than traditionally grown plants,using much less water. The conditions inside of a BioPod are (18)by Al,which can change anything from the lighting to the temperature to maximize growth.This creates ideal growing conditions no matter what the environment is outside,including the emptiness of space. The BioPods themselves can be built in almost any environment,too.The pod's structure is made with a 3D printer using raw materiais in liquid form.This means that a BioPod could be built right on the surface of the moon or Mars,making(19) a large structure unnecessary. Like most technology developed for space exploration,BioPods can also be used on Earth to provide highly efficient food production systems even in the most (20) environments. Section C Directions:Choose a proper word from the box to complete each sentence.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A.flexible B.generous C.signal D.measure E.impression F.achievement 21.An artist's true often lies not just in mastering a technique,but in developing a unique style that is recognized and remembered. 22.The teacher was with her help and stayed after school to explain the math problems again. 23.To for immediate quiet,the teacher often chooses to raise a hand- 2 a more respectful and attention-getting strategy than shouting over the noise. 24.One way to the depth of a community's customs is to see how they adapt to modern life while preserving their core values. 25. A(n) study schedule allows high school students to balance their academic workload with personal interests. A. limit B.negative C.indicate D.application E.professional F.survive 26.The birds'sudden change in direction may an approaching storm, reminding the hikers to seek shelter. 27.As we know, language learning requires understanding both the language itself and the culture that shapes its use. 28.The daily of these simple breathing techniques can significantly reduce stress and improve overall mental well-being. 29.Eating too much processed food can have a(n) effect on your long-term health. 30.The only real to your success is often the story you tell yourself about what you cannot achieve. II.Reading Comprehension Section A Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. When someone suffers a heart attack,every moment is essential.Having someone nearby who knows CPR(心肺复苏)or how to use an AED(自动体外除 颤器)can(31) that person's chances of pulling through.Why shouldn't that someone be you? Life-saving skills like CPR and the knowledge of how to use an AED aren't hard to(32) In fact,CPR/AED classes take just a few hours.Being (33) with these skills can enable you to act quickly and effectively. What exactly is CPR?It's a technique that (34)pushing hard on the chest and giving rescue breaths.This helps a person who has stopped breathing or whose heart has stopped beating-often during a heart attack,when blood flow to the heart is (35).CPR keeps blood flowing to vita!organs until medical help arrives. Knowing how to use an AED is another critical skill.These small devices deliver an electric shock to the heart to help it beat(36)again during a sudden heart stop.The machines are designed to be user-friendly with clear instructions so even (37) individuals can operate them. CPR and AED training (38)not only the individual but also the community at large.Imagine being in a public place when someone suddenly collapses.In situations like these,bystanders who are trained in CPR and AED can immediately step in and provide help until professional medical help (39) Each minute that someone's heart isn't beating minimizes their chances of survival by 10 percent.If more people were trained in these skills,communities would be safer. (40) CPR and AED training gives confidence to individuals to act decisively in emergencies.Knowing what to do in a crisis can prevent(41) and panic,allowing for quick and effective action.This confidence is beneficial not only in emergency situations but also in everyday life,by creating a sense of(42) and readiness. According to the American Red Cross,proper training and(43) to AEDs could save up to 50,000 lives each year.Schools,workplaces and community organizations that offer CPR and AED training demonstrate their(44) for the well-being of their members In those (45) moments when someone is in urgent need of help, emergency training can indeed make the difference between life and death. 31.A.reduce B.double C.illustrate D.reflect 32.A.identify B.imagine C.acquire D.ignore 33.A.equipped B.mixed C.filled D.connected 34.A.considers B.practices C.avoids D.involves 35.A.lacked B.blocked C.damaged D.exchanged 36.A.normally B.enthusiastically C.gradually D.impressively 37.A.unqualified B.untrained C.uninvited D.unexpected 38.A.select B.harm C.confuse D.benefit 39.A.runs over B.turns over C.takes over D.gets over 40.A.Eventually B.Additionally C.Occasionally D.Fortunately 41.A.hesitation B.exploration C.explanation D.recognition 42.A.anxiety B.authority C.capability D.identity 43.A.attempt B.approach C.admission D.access 44.A.resource B.satisfaction C.concern D.contribution 45.A.peaceful B.scary C.ordinary D.familiar Section B Directions:Read the following two passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Have you ever been stuck in traffic where the sound of car horns (is so loud that it gives you a headache?In many busy cities around the world,unnecessary honking is a big problem.But one country came up with a clever idea to fight the noise.It is called "Honk More,Wait More." What Is "Honk More,Wait More"? A few years ago,some cities in India started a new traffic campaign.They placed special sound sensors at busy traffic lights.These sensors can measure how loud the honking is.If drivers make too much noise by honking unnecessarily,something unexpected happens:the red light timer resets,making everyone wait longer before they can go.The more you honk,the longer you wait! Why Was This Needed? In many places,drivers use their horns all the time-not just for safety,but out of habit or impatience.This creates terrible noise pollution,which can cause stress, trouble sleeping,and even hearing problems.Honking doesn't make the traffic move faster,but it does make the city noisier and more stressful for everyone. (第47题) Imagine you're at a red light.The light is about to turn green,but the driver next to you starts honking impatiently.A nearby sensor picks up the extra noise.Suddenly, the countdown timer on the red light jumps back from 5 seconds to 10 or even 20 seconds.Now,everyone at the crossroads has to wait longer-all because of that one impatient honk. The Big Idea Behind the Rule The "Honk More,Wait More"rule isn't just about punishment.It's about teaching shared responsibility.If one person honks,the whole group pays by waiting longer.This encourages drivers to remind each other to stay quiet.It turns impatient honking from a personal habit into a group concern. What Happened After? When the system was first introduced,it made headlines everywhere.Many people loved the idea.Drivers started thinking twice before pressing the horn.In some places,honking decreased noticeably.The campaign became a symbol of how creative thinking can help solve everyday problems. A Lesson for All of Us You don't have to be a driver to learn from "Honk More,Wait More."It reminds us that our actions affect others.Sometimes,a little patience and consideration can make life better for everyone.Next time you're tempted to honk-or do anything noisy in a public space-remember:sometimes,waiting quietly is the fastest way forward. 46.India started the "Honk More,Wait More"campaign to A.help cars go faster through busy crossroads B.give a prize to the drivers who honk the least C.punish drivers who honk too much by using technology D.cut down noise pollution by reducing pointless honking 47.Which of the following is the best subtitle for paragraph 4? A.How Does It Work? B.A Story about a Patient Driver C.Why Traffic Lights Are Important D.The Technology Behind the Sensor 48.What would most likely happen if most drivers followed the"Honk More,Wait More”rule over time? A.The traffic light sensors would be removed because they're no longer needed. B.The crossroads would become much noisier as drivers get used to the system. C.The average waiting time at red lights would become shorter and predictable D.The drivers would honk even more because no individual driver is punished. 49.What is the main lesson of the story? A.Honking is the most effective way to signal danger in an emergency. B.Technology can solve problems without people changing their behavior. C.Patience and consideration can make shared spaces better for everyone. D.Clear communication of a rule's purpose helps people willingly follow it. (B) Ask The Expert THE TRUTH ABOUT COCHLEAR IMPLANTS Struggling to hear each day,even when using powerful hearing aids? Now more than ever,communication and connection are important for maintaining relationships with family;friends and community.Whether it happens suddenly or gradually over time,hearing loss can affect you physically and emotionally.Being-unable to hear-impacts your ability-to communicate with your friends,talk on the phone,or hear the TV.Being able to hear in different environments will help you DR ALEJANDRO RIVAS, stay connected with what matters most.Dealing with your a cochlear implant surgeon hearing loss could change your life.Cochlear implants work and medical advisor to Cochlear,answers questions differently than hearing aids.Instead of making sounds louder. about cochlear implants and they use hi-tech electronic parts and software to help you how they are different from hear the sounds you've been missing. hearing aids. How are cochlear implants different from Is it major surgery? hearing aids? No,not at all.The procedure is often Hearing aids help many people by making the done on an outpatient basis and sounds they hear louder.Unfortunately,as typically takes just a couple of hours. hearing loss progresses,sounds may not only After surgery,you'll need a short need to be louder,they may need to be clearer.healing period,and your device will be Cochlear implants can help give you that clarity,activated and fine-tuned in follow-up especially in noisy environments. visits to ensure the best sound clarity. Are cochlear implants a proven solution? Are cochlear implants covered Cochlear hearing implant technology is very by Medicare? reliable.In fact,it has been around for 40 years Yes,Medicare and most private and Cochlear has provided more than 600,000 insurance plans routinely cover implantable hearing devices. cochlear implants. Call 800 610 4901 or visit www.Cochlear.us/Rdigest to find a Hearing Implant Specialist near you and get a free guide about cochlear implants Cochlear 50.Who is the primary target readers of this article? A.Medical students studying hearing disorders. B.Companies that make or sell hearing products C.Senior people who are experiencing hearing loss. D.Government officials managing healthcare policies. 51.The surgery for cochlear implants A.requires months of full recovery B.can improve sound clarity immediately C.is a risky,hospital-stay-required operation D.takes only a few hours on an outpatient basis 52.Which of the following is TRUE about cochlear implants? A.They can make sounds much louder than hearing aids. B.They use technology to improve clarity,not just volume. C.They are covered by Medicare and al!the private insurance. D.They are a new technology developed in the last 10 years. (C) As Grace and Allison settled into Allison's room to study,Allison asked,"Do you want anything to eat or drink?" "No,thanks,"Grace replied politely,expecting Allison to extend the offer a second time as was customary in her experience. Moments later,Allison returned with a drink for herself but nothing for Grace. Allison neither repeated her offer nor suggested sharing her own drink.Grace left Allison's house feeling thirsty,upset and neglected. This incident illustrates a classic conflict between Ask Culture and Guess Culture. Askers,like Allison,communicate directly,stating needs clearly and trusting others to do the same.In contrast,Guessers,like Grace,are unwilling to make direct requests to avoid bothering others,often saying "no"initially and expecting others to perceive unspoken needs.From Grace's perspective,Allison should have offered her a drink again or simply brought her one,guessing Grace was thirsty. Communication styles of the Ask and Guess Cultures are common across the world.Most Asians,Middle Easterners,and Africans come from Guess Cultures, while Europeans and North Americans are more likely to belong to Ask Cultures. Note,though,that all societies have elements of both cultures and that cultural background alone does not determine a person's communication style. Having awareness of these communication differences is an asset within today's globalized world.By understanding Ask Culture and Guess Culture,respecting the differences and being open-minded,you can interact smoothly across cultures,setting yourself up for success. First,figure out whether you're an Asker or a Guesser.Then point out that you have different communication styles and make light of it,so no one is offended.Next, adapt your approach accordingly.Guessers can learn to accept Askers'direct style as sincere rather than pushy,while Askers can avoid putting pressure on Guessers by framing requests in ways that allow a graceful refusal.Guessers can also practice > being more direct.while Askers can pay attention to hints and body language.If misunderstandings arisc,both sides need to give each other the benefit of the doubt and be respectful. In the end,it's not about whether Ask Culture or Guess Culture is right or wrong, it's about respecting each other's differences. 53.What is the main purpose of the article? A.To show that culture alone determines how we communicate. B.To explain Ask Culture and Guess Culture and how to bridge the gap. C.To tell an interesting story about a misunderstanding between two friends. D.To argue that Ask Culture is more effective and should be adopted worldwide. 54.How is a“Guesser'”most likely to behave? A.They state their needs in a clear and direct manner. B.They never say "no"to an offer,to avoid seeming rude. C.They refuse an offer at first,expecting the other person to insist. D.They feel comfortable when other people take their"no"seriously. 55.The underlined words "an asset"in paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to A.a difficult challenge B.a personal opinion C.an optional skill D.a valuable advantage 56.According to the passage,when communicating with a "Guesser",an “Asker'”should A.insist on getting a clear and direct answer from the Guesser B.ask the same question repeatedly until the Guesser says yes C.always assume the Guesser's first"no"is their final answer D.express requests in ways that make it easy for the Guesser to say no Section C Directions:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A.A pigeon can find its way back to its nest after being transported more than a thousand miles away from it! B.With exceptional eyesight,pigeons can distinguish between different paintings by artists like Monet and Picasso. C.Finally,it cannot be denied that pigeons are highly intelligent creatures. D.When it comes to putting off work,maybe pigeons are just as good as humans. E.Pigeons are commonly viewed as carriers and spreaders of disease,but that's actually not true. F.They have impressive iong-term memory,able to remember complex visual patterns for years. 6 Fun Facts about Pigeons,the Most Misunderstood of All Creatures Upon seeing a flock of pigeons,many people want nothing more than to run a mile in the other direction. 57 People may be surprised to learn that these creatures have a number of fascinating characteristics that should not be overlooked. First,pigeons are highly skilled navigators(领航员). 58 Because of this ability,humans have used pigeons to their advantage for centuries. Another interesting yet not so admirable quality of pigeons is that they appear to be master procrastinators(拖延大师)，Scientific studies have shown that pigeons often delay the completion of a boting or troublesome task when an immediately more convenient alternative is available. 59 Next,we come to the unpleasant topic of pigeon droppings.People in the city are used to seeing streets littered with these droppings.Although pigeon poo is seen as a problem in modern times,several centuries ago,it was actually considered a valuable resource because it helped crops grow. 60 In addition to their navigation skills and excellent sense of hearing,they can distinguish between the letters of the Roman alphabet and tell apart human faces in photographs. So,the next time you feel disgusted upon encountering a pigeon,remember that besides carrying little disease risk,these birds are smart creatures with many wonderful abilities. Ⅱ.Translation Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets. 61.团队负贵人应尽早告知团队更新过的时间表。(inform) 2.虽然身处异国二十载，但他依然认为家乡的味道是无可取代的。(replace) 63.通过观察自己孩子的成长，这名教师意识到真正的教育应该保护好每个孩 子与生俱来的好奇心。(observe) 64.现在许多青少年拥有智能手机，其强大的功能让他们能够轻而易举地学习、 社交和探索世界。(whos) IV.Guided Writing Directions:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 最近有些学校规定学生每天中午必须午睡30分钟，你是否赞成这种做法？ 请谈谈你的理由。 9