Unit 1 People of Achievement Learning About Language 分层同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Learning About Language 一、必备知识基础练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.From the above discussion we can draw a 　　　　　　(conclude) that success comes to anyone who keeps working hard and never gives up.  2.Because of the civil war,Jack and his parents 　　　　(flee) to another country last month. 3.In 1997,her first book got 　　　　　　(publish).  4.Mark Twain,one of the greatest 　　　　　　(novel) in the world,left us lots of excellent works.  5.We saw the village with trees and grass here and there and clear rivers 　　　　　　(flow) around it.  6.The ground is frozen,　　　　　　 means the garbage cannot be buried.  7.My club,Dream Music Club,　　　　　　 motto is “to sing for dreams”,was founded one year ago.  8.New life on campus provides opportunities to make some new friends,with　　　　　　 views can be exchanged in depth.  9.Susan told everything 　　　　　　had happened at school to her mother over dinner.  10.Jane Goodall,　　　　　　 is one of the greatest scientists in animal science,set up the Jane Goodall Institute 　　　　　　promotes plans to look after chimps and their environment in 1977. Ⅱ.短语填空 wear and tear,flow chart,stand up to,beyond one’s control,under construction 1.Mrs.White is in bad health;she cannot 　　　　　　　　　　　　this cold weather.  2.The high-speed railway 　　　　　　　　　　　at present is expected to be completed at the end of 2025.  3.After the 　　　　　　　　　　　　of a couple of years,the shoes are not fit to wear.  4.It is clear that the circumstances are completely 　　　　　　　　　　　　,so we must turn to the manager for help.  5.According to the 　　　　　　　　　　,we can easily understand the relationship among the characters in this book.  Ⅲ.单句写作 1.他突然想到他应该参军以保护他的祖国不受侵略。[应用文之人物介绍] (it struck sb that...) 　　　　　　　　　　 he should join the army to protect his motherland against the invaders.  2.我从那些伟大的科学家那里已经学到的启示之一是,在任何情况下,我们都不要放弃我们的梦想。(circumstance) One of the lessons that I have learned from those great scientists is that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  3.明代著名医学家李时珍写了一本叫《本草纲目》 的书。 [应用文之人物介绍] (who引导的定语从句) Li Shizhen,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in the Ming Dynasty,wrote a book called Ben Cao Gang Mu.  4.众所周知,南丁格尔在建立红十字会的过程中发挥了关键作用。 [应用文之人物介绍] (as引导的定语从句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,Nightingale played a crucial part in founding the Red Cross.  5.袁隆平一直被认为是我们应该效仿的一个好榜样,他的行为鼓励我们去追求我们的梦想。[应用文之人物介绍] (whose引导的定语从句) Yuan Longping is always considered as a great example that we should follow,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  二、素养能力提升练 Ⅳ.阅读理解 Galileo was born in Pisa on February 15,1564.The family moved to Florence in the early 1570s.In his middle teens,Galileo attended the monastery school in Vallombrosa and then in 1581 at the University of Pisa,where he was to study medicine. However,he became interested in mathematics and decided to make the mathematical subjects and philosophy his profession.Galileo then began to prepare himself to teach mathematics and several of his lectures have survived. In 1585,Galileo left the university without a degree and for several years he gave private lessons in the mathematical subjects in Florence and Siena.During this period he designed a new form of hydrostatic (流体静力学的) balance for weighing small quantities.He also began his studies on motion,which he pursued steadily for the next two decades.In 1588 Galileo applied for the chair of mathematics at the University of Bologna but was unsuccessful.However,his reputation was increasing and later that year he was asked to deliver two lectures to the Florentine Academy. He also found some theorems (定理) on centers of gravity that brought him recognition among mathematicians and the support of Guidobaldo del Monte,a nobleman and author of several important works on mechanics.As a result,he obtained the chair of mathematics at the University of Pisa in 1589.There,Galileo demonstrated,by dropping bodies of different weights from the top of the famous Leaning Tower,that the speed of fall of a heavy object is not related to its weight,as Aristotle had claimed.He continued his research on motion and by 1609 he had determined that the distance fallen by a body is proportional (成比例的) to the square of the falling time. Galileo passed away on January 8,1642. 1.Where did Galileo receive education in his middle teens? A.In Pisa. B.In Vallombrosa. C.In Florence. D.In Siena. 2.What did Galileo do during his college time? A.He studied chemistry. B.He developed a balance. C.He carried out research on motion. D.He prepared himself for teaching math. 3.Which of the following can best describe Galileo as a scientist? A.Generous. B.Considerate. C.Hard-working. D.Gifted. 4.What is the best title of the text? A.Galileo’s Life Story B.Galileo’s Road to Success C.Galileo’s Major Contributions D.Galileo’s Studying Experience Ⅴ.完形填空 Zhi Yueying is a village teacher who has been working for almost four decades.When Zhi Yueying,then 19,went to the 　1　 Niyang village in Yichun City,Jiangxi Province,to work as a village teacher in 1980,villagers 　2　 if she was going to stay long.After all,a number of voluntary 　3　 had arrived before,but all had 　4　 soon after.Zhi,though,was there for more than thirty years,before going to a more remote village school in the mountains.  Over the past four decades,Zhi has devoted herself to rural 　5　.She is a recipient of China Central Television’s Touching China awards that recognize the most 　6　 role models in 2016.She was also 　7　 as a model poverty fighter by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council earlier this year.  Born in Nanchang City,Jiangxi,in 1961,Zhi wanted to become a teacher since childhood.She 　8　 to work as a teacher at the primary school in Niyang village after graduation,despite her mother’s strong 　9　.Located amid the mountains,the village was very poor and far from any town.Villagers had to 　10　 in the mountains since there was no road.Moreover,local people needed to go downhill to 　11　 daily necessities.“I had never walked on a mountain road before,so in the beginning,I walked much more 　12　 than others.Sometimes I was left behind too much and was scared to tears,” says Zhi.  But she gradually 　13　 to her life there.She has a profound understanding of the importance of education in the mountains.Over the years,Zhi taught the students and 　14　 them,since many of them were “left-behind” children whose 　15　 migrated to other places to work.More than 1,000 students of hers have left the mountain area,and created a better life for themselves.  1.A.rich B.remote C.nice D.fascinating 2.A.imagined B.predicted C.requested D.doubted 3.A.guides B.students C.officials D.teachers 4.A.left B.stayed C.retired D.settled 5.A.tradition B.tourism C.education D.business 6.A.inspiring B.energetic C.mature D.knowledgeable 7.A.demanded B.awarded C.assessed D.replaced 8.A.happened B.failed C.refused D.applied 9.A.support B.opposition C.push D.belief 10.A.race B.cycle C.hike D.drive 11.A.borrow B.sell C.buy D.find 12.A.slowly B.happily C.casually D.hurriedly 13.A.stuck B.referred C.agreed D.adapted 14.A.made up for B.cared for C.watched out for D.searched for 15.A.parents B.neighbors C.relatives D.classmates Ⅵ.语法填空 Zhang Guimei was born to a family of ethnic Manchu minority group in Heilongjiang Province in 1957.1.　　　　　　 the age of 17,she came with her sister to Yunnan as part of a team supporting the country’s border regions. Over time,Zhang witnessed the gender gap in education up close in 2.　　　　　　(relative) poor rural areas.Urban and rural students already faced unequal access to quality education,and the traditional belief 3.　　　　　　 males are superior to females worsened rural girls’ inferior situation.Some girls were even pulled out of class just before the college entrance exam because they had to provide for 4. 　　　　　　(they) brothers. In 2002,Zhang came up with an idea 5.　　　 　　,to many,seemed crazy:to found a free high school for girls.That was a tough task.She had to raise money and hire teachers.Six years later,she 6.　　　 　　　(found) the Huaping All-Girls High School.Given the tough environment,however,nine of the 7. 　　 　　　(origin) 17 teachers later resigned.With the goal of never letting a girl fall behind in schooling,Zhang often works overtime despite 8. 　 　　　(suffer) from illnesses.In spite of her poor health,she has walked to almost every household deep in the mountains,talking to the parents about 9.　　　　　　　 importance of education for girls. Because of Zhang’s efforts 10.　　　　　　(improve) female education in China,many girls have changed their fate. 参考答案 Ⅰ.1.conclusion　2.fled　3.published　4.novelists　5.flowing　6.which　7.whose　8.whom　9.that　10.who;which/that Ⅱ.1.stand up to　2.under construction　3.wear and tear 4.beyond our control　5.flow chart Ⅲ.1.It struck him that　2.in/under no circumstances will we give up our dreams　3.who was known as a famous medical scientist　4.As we all know/As is known to us all　5.whose deeds encourage us to pursue our dream Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了著名科学家伽利略的生平事迹。 1.B　细节理解题。由第一段中的“In his middle teens,Galileo attended the monastery school in Vallombrosa and then in 1581 at the University of Pisa,where he was to study medicine.”可知,伽利略十几岁时在瓦隆布罗萨接受教育。故选B项。 2.D　细节理解题。由第二段中的“Galileo then began to prepare himself to teach mathematics and several of his lectures have survived.”可知,伽利略在大学期间为教数学做好了准备。故选D项。 3.C　推理判断题。通读全文,尤其是根据文章第四段内容可知,伽利略一生都致力于科学研究,并在很多方面做出杰出贡献,故推测他是努力工作的。故选C项。 4.A　主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是根据文章第四段中的“He also found some theorems on centers of gravity...the square of the falling time.”可知,本文主要介绍了科学家伽利略的生平事迹。故选A项。 Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了获“感动中国2016年度人物”的支月英几十年坚守在偏远的山村讲台的事迹。 1.B　根据后文“Zhi,though,was there for more than thirty years,before going to a more remote village school in the mountains.”可知,泥洋村是个偏远的小山村,支月英在那里待了三十多年。 2.D　此处“if”的意思为“是否”,泥洋村很偏远,条件艰苦,所以村民不确定支月英是否会在村子里待很久。 3.D　支月英是作为一名志愿教师来到这儿的,在她之前也有很多志愿教师来到这儿。 4.A　村民们不确定支月英是否会在这儿待很久,是因为在她之前,有很多和她一样的志愿教师也来过这儿,但不久后就都离开了。 5.C　支月英是一名教师,所以她是致力于教育。 6.A　根据常识可知,获得感动中国人物奖章的榜样都是非常鼓舞人心的。 7.B　“全国脱贫攻坚先进个人”称号是党中央和国务院授予她的荣誉称号。 8.D　根据前文“Zhi wanted to become a teacher since childhood”可知,支月英想当老师,于是主动申请去泥洋村当老师。 9.B　“despite”表明前后为让步关系,尽管母亲强烈反对,支月英仍申请去偏远的泥洋村当老师。 10.C　根据“there was no road”可知,村民们只能靠双脚走路往返于山间。 11.C　根据前文“the village was very poor and far from any town”可知,村民需要下山才能买到日常用品。 12.A　山路崎岖,支月英以前从来没有走过山路,所以一开始,走得会比别人慢很多。 13.D　“But”表明前后为转折关系,前面说支月英一开始不适应走山路,走得很慢,所以此处就应该是她渐渐适应了走山路,也适应了这里的生活。 14.B　许多学生的父母外出打工,所以没人照顾他们,支月英就既教他们读书又照顾他们的生活。 15.A　“留守”儿童指的就是父母外出打工而被留在老家的孩子。 Ⅵ.【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了云南省丽江市华平女子中学校长张桂梅的故事。 1.At　考查介词以及固定搭配。at the age of...是固定短语,意为“在……岁的时候”;句首单词首字母大写。故填At。 2.relatively　考查副词。提示词修饰形容词poor,作状语,用副词relatively,意为“相对地”。故填relatively。 3.that　考查名词性从句。“males are superior to females”是对名词belief内容的说明,是同位语从句,从句句意完整,不缺成分,用连词that引导该从句。故填that。 4.their　考查代词。提示词作定语,用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词brothers。故填their。 5.which/that　考查定语从句。“to many,seemed crazy:to found a free high school for girls”是限制性定语从句,修饰先行词an idea,指物,关系词将其代入定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which或that引导该定语从句。故填which/that。 6.founded　考查动词的时态。found是句中谓语动词,结合句意和时间状语可知,讲述过去的事情,用一般过去时态,动词用过去式founded。故填founded。 7.original　考查形容词。提示词作定语,修饰名词teachers,用形容词original,意为“最初的”。故填original。 8.suffering　考查非谓语动词。介词despite后用动词-ing形式作宾语。故填suffering。 9.the　考查冠词。根据句意和介词短语“of education for girls”可知,特指教育对女孩的“重要性”,名词importance需用定冠词the限定。故填the。 10.to improve　考查非谓语动词。名词efforts后常跟不定式作后置定语,efforts to improve female education in China 意为“为改善中国女性教育所做的努力”。故填to improve。 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $