Unit 5 Food for thought.词汇同步笔记 2025-2026学年教科版(五四学制) 七年级英语下册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了教科版（五四学制）七下UNIT 5“Food for thought”的核心词汇，涵盖50个单词的音标、词性、词形变化、派生词、核心考点及例句，搭建从词汇基础认知到实际应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“词形变化+派生词”建立词汇关联体系，如“bake”关联baker、bakery，“核心考点”明确固定搭配如“spread butter on bread”，例句融入生活场景培养语言能力。设计“派生词拓展”和“考点应用提示”，助力学生高效记忆，教师可据此开展针对性词汇教学，提升课堂实效。

教科版（五四学制）七下UNIT 5 Food for thought.词汇同步笔记 序号 单词及音标 词性及意思 词形变化 派生词 核心考点 例句 1 thought /θɔːt/ n. 思想，想法 可数名词；复数：thoughts think v. 想；认为thoughtful adj. 体贴的；深思的 ①share thoughts with sb. 和某人分享想法②be lost in thought 陷入沉思 ①You can share your thoughts with your parents when you have trouble. 遇到困难时，你可以和父母分享你的想法。②He sat by the window, lost in thought. 他坐在窗边，陷入了沉思。 2 bake /beɪk/ v. 烘，烤，焙 过去式：baked过去分词：baked baker n. 面包师bakery n. 面包店 ①bake cakes 烤蛋糕②bake bread 烤面包 ①My mother likes to bake cookies at weekends. 我妈妈喜欢在周末烤饼干。②We can bake a birthday cake for her together. 我们可以一起给她烤一个生日蛋糕。 3 fry /fraɪ/ v. 油煎，油炸，油炒 过去式：fried过去分词：fried fried adj. 油炸的 ①fry eggs 煎鸡蛋②fry vegetables 炒蔬菜 ①My father often fries fish for dinner. 我爸爸晚饭经常煎鱼。②Don’t fry food for too long, it’s unhealthy. 不要把食物炸太久，不利于健康。 4 roast /rəʊst/ v. 炙，烤（肉等）adj. 烤制的 动词：过去式roasted，过去分词roasted形容词：无比较级/最高级 roaster n. 烘烤器；烤箱 ①roast beef 烤牛肉②roast the meat 烤肉 ①We had roast chicken for dinner yesterday. 我们昨天晚饭吃了烤鸡。②People like to roast meat outdoors in spring. 春天人们喜欢在户外烤肉。 5 boil /bɔɪl/ v. （使）沸腾，煮沸，烧开 过去式：boiled过去分词：boiled boiled adj. 煮沸的boiling adj. 沸腾的 ①boil water 烧水②boil eggs 煮鸡蛋 ①You should boil the water before drinking. 你应该把水烧开再喝。②My mother boils noodles for breakfast every day. 我妈妈每天早上煮面条当早餐。 6 season /ˈsiːzn/ v. （加盐、胡椒粉等）给……调味 过去式：seasoned过去分词：seasoned seasoning n. 调味品；佐料 ①season the soup 给汤调味②season sth. with salt 给某物加盐调味 ①Don’t forget to season the fish before cooking. 烹饪前别忘了给鱼调味。②You can season the dish with a little garlic. 你可以加一点蒜给这道菜提味。 7 spread /spred/ v. 涂抹 过去式：spread过去分词：spread spreadable adj. 可涂抹的 ①spread butter on bread 把黄油涂在面包上②spread jam on the pancake 在薄饼上抹果酱 ①She likes to spread jam on the pancake. 她喜欢在薄饼上抹果酱。②Can you help me spread butter on the bread? 你能帮我把黄油涂在面包上吗？ 8 pancake /ˈpænkeɪk/ n. 薄煎（烤，烙）饼 可数名词；复数：pancakes pan n. 平底锅 ①make pancakes 做煎饼②a piece of pancake 一张薄饼 ①We often make pancakes for breakfast on Sundays. 我们周日经常做煎饼当早餐。②This pancake with honey is very delicious. 这个加了蜂蜜的煎饼非常好吃。 9 spice /spaɪs/ n. 香料 可数/不可数名词；复数：spices spicy adj. 辛辣的；香辛的 ①add spice 加香料②different kinds of spices 不同种类的香料 ①You can add some spice to make the dish more tasty. 你可以加一点香料让菜更美味。②This shop sells all kinds of spices from around the world. 这家店售卖来自世界各地的各类香料。 10 dumpling /ˈdʌmplɪŋ/ n. 水饺 可数名词；复数：dumplings 无 ①make dumplings 包饺子②eat dumplings 吃饺子 ①We usually eat dumplings during the Spring Festival. 我们春节通常吃饺子。②My grandmother taught me to make dumplings yesterday. 奶奶昨天教我包饺子了。 11 yogurt /ˈjəʊɡə/ n. 酸奶 不可数名词 无 ①a cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶②fruit yogurt 果味酸奶 ①Drinking a cup of yogurt after dinner is good for your stomach. 饭后喝一杯酸奶对肠胃好。②I like to eat yogurt with fresh strawberries. 我喜欢吃加了新鲜草莓的酸奶。 12 wonder /ˈwʌndə/ v. 想要知道；（对某事）感到疑惑 过去式：wondered过去分词：wondered wonderful adj. 精彩的；极好的 ①wonder about sth. 对某事感到疑惑②wonder if/whether 想知道是否 ①I wonder if he will come to the food festival. 我想知道他会不会来美食节。②She wonders about the strange thing in the box. 她对盒子里的陌生东西感到好奇。 13 likely /ˈlaɪkli/ adj. 可能的；可能发生的；可能是真的 比较级：more likely最高级：most likely like v. 喜欢 prep. 像likely adv. 可能 ①be likely to do sth. 很可能做某事②it is likely that… 很可能…… ①It is likely to rain this afternoon. 今天下午很可能会下雨。②He is likely to win the cooking competition. 他很可能赢得烹饪比赛。 14 planet /ˈplænɪt/ n. 地球（尤用于谈论环境）；行星 可数名词；复数：planets planetary adj. 行星的 ①protect our planet 保护我们的地球②different planets 不同的行星 ①We should do something to protect our planet. 我们应该做些事来保护我们的地球。②There are eight planets around the sun. 太阳周围有八大行星。 15 option /ˈɒpʃn/ n. 选择 可数名词；复数：options optional adj. 可选择的；选修的 ①have no option 别无选择②choose the best option 选择最佳方案 ①You have another option to finish the work. 你还有另一个完成工作的选择。②We have many options for our summer holiday. 我们暑假有很多出行选择。 16 fridge /frɪdʒ/（=refrigerator /rɪˈfrɪdʒəreɪtə/） n. 冰箱，冰柜 可数名词；复数：fridges/refrigerators refrigerate v. 冷藏；冷冻 ①in the fridge 在冰箱里②put sth. in the fridge 把某物放进冰箱 ①Put the milk in the fridge, or it will go bad. 把牛奶放进冰箱，不然会变质。②There is a lot of fruit and vegetables in the fridge. 冰箱里有很多水果蔬菜。 17 recipe /ˈresəpi/ n. 食谱 可数名词；复数：recipes 无 ①a cake recipe 蛋糕食谱②follow the recipe 按照食谱操作 ①I found a good recipe for cookies on the Internet. 我在网上找到了一个很棒的饼干食谱。②You should follow the recipe to make the dish. 你应该按照食谱来做这道菜。 18 already /ɔːlˈredi/ adv. 已经 无 ready adj. 准备好的 ①have already done sth. 已经做了某事②already finished 已经完成 ①I have already finished my homework. 我已经完成了家庭作业。②She has already read this book. 她已经读过这本书了。 19 print /prɪnt/ v. 打印；印，印刷 过去式：printed过去分词：printed printing n. 印刷printer n. 打印机 ①print the document 打印文件②print photos 打印照片 ①Can you help me print this English article? 你能帮我打印这篇英语文章吗？②We need to print the posters for the food festival. 我们需要为美食节打印海报。 20 leftover /ˈleftəʊvə/ n. 剩饭菜 可数名词；复数：leftovers leave v. 留下；离开 ①eat leftovers 吃剩菜②the leftovers from dinner 晚饭的剩菜 ①We can heat the leftovers for lunch tomorrow. 我们可以把剩菜热一下当明天的午饭。②Don’t throw away the leftovers, we can eat them later. 不要扔掉剩菜，我们可以之后再吃。 21 printer /ˈprɪntə/ n. （与计算机连接的）打印机 可数名词；复数：printers print v. 打印；印刷 ①use the printer 使用打印机②a colour printer 彩色打印机 ①There is a new printer in our classroom. 我们教室里有一台新打印机。②The printer can print photos very clearly. 这台打印机打印照片非常清晰。 22 solve /sɒlv/ v. 解决（问题） 过去式：solved过去分词：solved solution n. 解决办法；答案 ①solve the problem 解决问题②solve difficulties 解决困难 ①We should learn to solve problems by ourselves. 我们应该学会自己解决问题。②He helped me solve the difficult math problem. 他帮我解决了这道数学难题。 23 insect /ˈɪnsekt/ n. 昆虫 可数名词；复数：insects 无 ①small insects 小昆虫②insect protection 防虫 ①There are many different kinds of insects in the forest. 森林里有很多不同种类的昆虫。②Some insects are very helpful to farmers. 有些昆虫对农民很有帮助。 24 awful /ˈɔːfl/ adj. 糟糕的，恶劣的 比较级：more awful最高级：most awful awfully adv. 极其；非常 ①awful food 难吃的食物②an awful day 糟糕的一天 ①The food in that restaurant is awful. 那家餐厅的食物太难吃了。②We had an awful weather during the trip. 我们旅行期间天气非常糟糕。 25 protein /ˈprəʊtiːn/ n. 蛋白质 不可数名词 无 ①high protein food 高蛋白食物②get enough protein 摄入足够的蛋白质 ①Eggs, meat and milk are rich in protein. 鸡蛋、肉类和牛奶富含蛋白质。②You need to get enough protein to keep healthy. 你需要摄入足够的蛋白质来保持健康。 26 affect /əˈfekt/ v. 影响 过去式：affected过去分词：affected effect n. 影响；效果 ①affect one’s health 影响某人的健康②affect the result 影响结果 ①Eating too much junk food will affect your health. 吃太多垃圾食品会影响你的健康。②The bad weather may affect our school trip. 坏天气可能会影响我们的校园旅行。 27 serve /sɜːv/ v. 提供，端上（饭菜等） 过去式：served过去分词：served service n. 服务 ①serve food to customers 给顾客上菜②serve sb. with sth. 给某人提供某物 ①The restaurant serves delicious Chinese food. 这家餐厅提供美味的中餐。②She served tea to the guests warmly. 她热情地给客人上茶。 28 customer /ˈkʌstəmə/ n. 顾客，客户 可数名词；复数：customers custom n. 习俗；习惯 ①regular customer 常客②serve customers 服务顾客 ①The shop assistant is very friendly to every customer. 店员对每位顾客都很友好。②This restaurant has many regular customers. 这家餐厅有很多回头客。 29 technical /ˈteknɪkl/ adj. 技术的 比较级：more technical最高级：most technical technique n. 技术；技巧technology n. 科技；技术 ①technical skills 技术技能②technical problem 技术问题 ①We met a technical problem when using the printer. 我们用打印机的时候遇到了一个技术问题。②He has good technical skills in cooking. 他在烹饪方面有精湛的技艺。 30 headache /ˈhedeɪk/ n. 头痛 可数名词；复数：headaches head n. 头ache n. 疼痛 ①have a headache 头痛②get a headache from sth. 因某事头疼 ①I have a bad headache, so I can’t go to school today. 我头很痛，所以今天不能去上学了。②Too much homework gives me a headache. 太多的作业让我头疼。 31 cheat /tʃiːt/ v. （尤指在竞赛、游戏或考试中）欺骗，作弊 过去式：cheated过去分词：cheated cheater n. 骗子；作弊者 ①cheat in the exam 考试作弊②cheat sb. 欺骗某人 ①It’s wrong to cheat in the exam. 考试作弊是不对的。②He tried to cheat me, but I found out at last. 他试图骗我，但我最终发现了。 32 testing /ˈtestɪŋ/ n. 测试；检验；检测 不可数名词 test v./n. 测试；考试 ①food testing 食品检测②safety testing 安全检测 ①The food testing shows that the dish is safe to eat. 食品检测显示这道菜可以安全食用。②We will do some testing on the new machine. 我们会对新机器做一些检测。 33 dine /daɪn/ v. 进餐 过去式：dined过去分词：dined dining n. 进餐dinner n. 晚餐；正餐 ①dine out 外出就餐②dine in a restaurant 在餐厅用餐 ①We often dine out on weekends. 我们周末经常外出就餐。②They will dine in a famous restaurant tonight. 他们今晚会在一家有名的餐厅吃饭。 34 starter /ˈstɑːtə/ n. （一顿饭的）第一道菜，开胃小吃 可数名词；复数：starters start v. 开始；启动 ①a delicious starter 美味的开胃菜②choose a starter 选开胃菜 ①We ordered tomato soup as a starter. 我们点了番茄汤当开胃菜。②What starter would you like to order? 你想点什么开胃菜？ 35 speciality /ˌspeʃiˈæləti/ n. （某人、餐馆或地方的）特色食品 可数名词；复数：specialities special adj. 特别的；特殊的 ①house speciality 招牌菜②local speciality 当地特色菜 ①Roast duck is the speciality of this restaurant. 烤鸭是这家餐厅的招牌菜。②We tried many local specialities during the trip. 我们旅行期间尝了很多当地特色菜。 36 curious /ˈkjʊəriəs/ adj. 好奇的 比较级：more curious最高级：most curious curiosity n. 好奇心curiously adv. 好奇地 ①be curious about sth. 对某事好奇②be curious to do sth. 很想做某事 ①Children are always curious about the world around them. 孩子们总是对周围的世界充满好奇。②I am curious to know the result of the cooking competition. 我很想知道烹饪比赛的结果。 37 disagree /ˌdɪsəˈɡriː/ v. 不同意，反对，有分歧 过去式：disagreed过去分词：disagreed disagreement n. 分歧；不同意agree v. 同意（反义词） ①disagree with sb. 不同意某人的观点②disagree about sth. 对某事有分歧 ①I disagree with you on this problem. 在这个问题上我不同意你的观点。②They often disagree about the cooking plan. 他们经常对烹饪方案有分歧。 38 pill /pɪl/ n. 药丸，药片 可数名词；复数：pills 无 ①take pills 吃药片②take the pills on time 按时吃药 ①You need to take the pills three times a day. 你需要一天吃三次药。②The doctor asked him to take the pills on time. 医生让他按时吃药。 39 acceptable /əkˈseptəbl/ adj. 可接受的 比较级：more acceptable最高级：most acceptable accept v. 接受unacceptable adj. 不可接受的（反义词） ①be acceptable to sb. 对某人来说可接受②an acceptable idea 可接受的想法 ①This plan is acceptable to all of us. 这个计划对我们所有人来说都可以接受。②Your behaviour is not acceptable in school. 你的行为在学校里是不被接受的。 40 pioneering /ˌpaɪəˈnɪərɪŋ/ adj. 开创性的；探索性的 无比较级/最高级 pioneer n. 先驱 v. 开创 ①pioneering work 开创性工作②pioneering research 探索性研究 ①This pioneering invention changed people’s life. 这项开创性的发明改变了人们的生活。②He did a lot of pioneering research in healthy cooking. 他在健康烹饪领域做了很多探索性研究。 41 listicle /ˈlɪstɪkl/ n. 清单体文章 可数名词；复数：listicles list n. 清单 v. 列出 ①write a listicle 写一篇清单体文章②a food listicle 美食清单文 ①I read a listicle about healthy food on the Internet. 我在网上读了一篇关于健康食品的清单体文章。②This listicle tells us how to make delicious pancakes. 这篇清单文教我们如何做美味的煎饼。 42 virtual /ˈvɜːtʃuəl/ adj. 虚拟的 无比较级/最高级 virtually adv. 几乎；实际上 ①virtual reality 虚拟现实（VR）②virtual cooking class 虚拟烹饪课 ①We can take a virtual cooking class online. 我们可以在网上上虚拟烹饪课。②Virtual reality is more and more popular now. 虚拟现实现在越来越流行了。 43 mutton /ˈmʌtn/ n. 羊肉 不可数名词 无 ①roast mutton 烤羊肉②mutton soup 羊肉汤 ①We had mutton soup for dinner yesterday. 我们昨天晚饭喝了羊肉汤。②People in the north like to eat roast mutton. 北方人喜欢吃烤羊肉。 44 strawberry /ˈstrɔːbəri/ n. 草莓 可数名词；复数：strawberries 无 ①fresh strawberries 新鲜草莓②strawberry yogurt 草莓酸奶 ①I bought a box of fresh strawberries in the supermarket. 我在超市买了一盒新鲜草莓。②She likes to make strawberry jam at home. 她喜欢在家做草莓酱。 45 allow /əˈlaʊ/ v. 使有可能；允许 过去式：allowed过去分词：allowed allowance n. 津贴；允许 ①allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事②be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事 ①My parents allow me to watch TV on weekends. 我父母允许我周末看电视。②We are not allowed to eat in the classroom. 我们不被允许在教室里吃东西。 46 salad /ˈsæləd/ n. （生吃的）蔬菜沙拉 可数/不可数名词；复数：salads 无 ①vegetable salad 蔬菜沙拉②make a salad 做沙拉 ①I often make a fruit salad for breakfast. 我经常做水果沙拉当早餐。②Eating salad is good for your health. 吃沙拉对你的健康有好处。 47 chop /tʃɒp/ v. 切 过去式：chopped过去分词：chopped chopper n. 菜刀；切碎机 ①chop vegetables 切蔬菜②chop up 切碎 ①You need to chop the carrots before cooking. 烹饪前你需要把胡萝卜切碎。②My mother asked me to chop the meat into pieces. 妈妈让我把肉切成块。 48 bowl /bəʊl/ n. 碗 可数名词；复数：bowls 无 ①a bowl of rice 一碗米饭②a large bowl 大碗 ①I had a bowl of noodles for breakfast this morning. 我今天早上吃了一碗面条当早餐。②Please pass me a clean bowl. 请递给我一个干净的碗。 49 lemon /ˈlemən/ n. 柠檬 可数名词；复数：lemons lemonade n. 柠檬水 ①a cup of lemon tea 一杯柠檬茶②fresh lemon 新鲜柠檬 ①I like to drink lemon water in the morning. 我喜欢早上喝柠檬水。②She put a slice of lemon into the cup. 她往杯子里放了一片柠檬。 50 salt /sɔːlt/ n. 盐，食盐 不可数名词 salty adj. 咸的 ①a little salt 一点盐②add salt to sth. 往某物里加盐 ①Don’t add too much salt to the soup. 不要往汤里加太多盐。②Eating too much salt is bad for your health. 吃太多盐对你的健康不好。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $