Unit 5 Nature's Temper (Grammar)（过去进行时）核心知识点精讲精练-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元全方位精练（新教材人教版）

Unit 5 Nature's Temper (Grammar)（过去进行时）核心知识点精讲精练 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Grammar 部分精讲本单元的重点语法，讲解部分配有随学随练。 · Grammar 部分还设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习，丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习并掌握单元语法知识。 1、 单元语法解析 过去进行时 1. 过去进行时基本用法 (1) 表示过去某一时刻或某个时间段正在进行的动作。句中一般有时间状语表示过去的时间，或上下文有语境暗示发生在过去。 常见的表示过去的时间状语举例：at 8 o’clock last night; at that time; at the time of...(过去发生的事); when it began to rain; while it was snowing heavily... He was watching TV at 8 p.m. yesterday.他昨天晚上8点钟正在看电视。 They were eating dinner at the time of the earthquake. 地震发生时他们正在吃饭。 (2) 在叙事类文本中，为某个或一系列动作的发生提供背景信息。 过去进行时描述的动作具有持续性，能够为情节中的突出动作提供背景，烘托氛围，能起到让读者能够身临其境的效果。 Some people were walking along the path. Some boys were playing soccer on the field. Suddenly, it began to rain. 一些人沿着小路散步。一些男孩子在踢足球。突然，开始下雨了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —I called you yesterday evening, but nobody answered. —Oh, I ________ a shower at that time. A．was taking B．took C．am taking D．was taken (2) At 8:00 last night, I ________ a documentary about China’s space missions on TV. A．watched B．am watching C．was watching D．watch (3) We ________ the classroom when the teacher came in. A．clean B．cleaned C．are cleaning D．were cleaning (4) —What were you doing at 7 last night? — I ________ my homework while my mom was cooking dinner. A．do B．did C．was doing D．am doing (5) During the storm, the wind was ________ strongly. A．blowing B．blow C．blows D．blew 2. 过去进行时的构成与句型变换 (1) 过去进行时的构成 过去进行时由“was/were+动词-ing”构成。was/were的选择取决于主语的人称和数。 I was reading a book at that time. 那个时候我正在读书。 The birds were singing happily. 鸟儿在愉快的歌唱。 (2) 过去进行时的句型变换 · 陈述句 肯定式结构：主语+was/were+doing+其他。 否定式结构：主语+was/were+not+doing+其他。(was not可缩略为wasn’t；were not可所略为weren’t) 肯定式变否定式时，在was/were后加not。 He was playing computer game. →He wasn’t playing computer game. · 一般疑问句 结构：Was/Were+主语+doing+其他？ 陈述句变一般疑问句时，将was/were提至句首。 注意：陈述句主语是第一人称，变为一般疑问句时，一般要变成第二人称；陈述句中有some等时，要变成any等。 简略回答：(肯定回答)Yes,主语+was/were. (否定回答)No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t. I was eating lunch. →Were you eating lunch? The girls were drawing some pictures in the room. →Were the girls drawing any pictures in the room? [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) I was walking home at that time.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） —________ you ________ home at that time? —________, I ________. (2) They were having a party when I arrived.（改为一般疑问句） ________ they ________ a party when you arrived? (3) He was cleaning his room at 5 p.m. yesterday.（改为否定句） He ________ ________ his room at 5 p.m. yesterday. (4) I was having a very nice dream when the alarm clock went off. (对划线部分提问) What ________ you ________ when the alarm clock went off? (5) She was doing some reading when the teacher came in.(改为一般问句及回答) _________ she _________ _________ reading when the teacher came in?   No, she _________ . 3. 过去进行时用于when、while从句 (1) 过去进行时既可以用在主句中，也可以用在从句中。还可以同时用于主句和从句中。 持续时间长的动作一般用过去进行时，持续时间短的动作一般用一般过去时。 当主句和从句都使用过去进行时，则表明主句动作和从句动作均持续了一段时间。 I was reading a book when my mother came in.我妈妈进来时，我正在看书。 He saw a bird while he was walking home.他在走路回家时，看见了一只小鸟。 My father was cooking while my mother was washing dishes.爸爸在做饭，妈妈在洗碗。 (2) when与while引导从句的区别 · when引导时间状语从句时，其后的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词(也称为“终止性动词”)。 while引导时间状语从句时，其后的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。 He was sleeping when I knocked at the door.我敲门的时候，他正在睡觉。 The boy started to cry when/while they were waiting at the shop. 他们在商店等候的时候，那个男孩突然哭了起来。 · 当主句表示短暂性动作，从句表示延续性动作时，when和while可以互换使用。 When/While he was walking along the street, he came across an old friend.当他沿着街道走的时候，他遇见了一个老朋友。 · 当主句和从句都表示延续性动作时，常用while引导从句。 My sister was drawing a picture while my brother was watching a film.我妹妹在画画，而我弟弟在看电影。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The boy ________ the mountains when he saw a huge eagle. A．climbs B．climbed C．was climbing D．is climbing (2) While my mother ________ dinner in the kitchen, the telephone rang. A．cooks B．cooked C．is cooking D．was cooking (3) My mother was reading a newspaper ________ my father came back home. A．while B．before C．when D．since (4) The rainstorm came while Ann ________ her purse in the classroom. A．was looking for B．looked for C．is looking for D．looks for (5) —What were your parents doing ________ you left home this morning? —My mother was sweeping the floor ________ my father was doing the dishes. A．while; when B．when; while C．when; since D．while; while 4. 过去进行时与一般过去时的区别 (1) 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态，一般表示动作已完成，强调结果。 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某个时间段正在进行的动词，表示动作正在做，强调过程。 Sandy did her homework last night. 桑迪昨晚写作业了。(作业已写完) Sandy was doing her homework last night. 桑迪昨晚一直在写作业。(作业不一定写完了) (2) 表示过去动作时，非延续性动词一般用一般过去时。 表示过去动作时，延续性动词可以用一般过去时，也可以用过去进行时。使用过去进行时表明动作在持续进行。 It began to rain when they were playing soccer. 他们正在踢足球时开始下雨了。 She cooked dinner.她做了晚饭。（动作做完了，只陈述事实） She was cooking dinner at 7:00.七点时她正在做晚饭。(强调当时正在持续做） [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —We ________ great fun playing in the park this Sunday. —Well, let’s go there again next weekend. A．had B．are having C．have D．were having (2) — Have you visited the theme park Ocean Park in Hong Kong, Lilian?   — Yes, I ________ there for three days. A．stayed B．was staying C．have stayed D．stay (3) When the phone ________ suddenly last night, I _________ my math homework carefully in my room. A．rang; did B．was ringing; was doing C．rang; was doing D．was ringing; did (4) While they ________ the learning plan, the teacher came in. A．discusses B．discussed C．are discussing D．were discussing (5) While my mother was making a birthday cake, my sister and I ________ a letter to Dad. A．are writing B．wrote C．write D．were writing 2、 单元语法基础练习 1. 单项填空 (1) Three buses went by without stopping while I ________ at the bus stop. A．was waiting B．waited C．wait D．am waiting (2) When the earthquake ______, I ______ in the kitchen. A．happened; cooked B．happened; was cooking C．was happening; cooked D．was happening; was cooking (3) I ________ in the park with my friend Mike when it suddenly ________ to rain hard. A．walked; was starting B．was walking; started C．walked; started D．was walking; was starting (4) When I passed by the music room, Tina _________ the song Lonely Warrior for the coming art festival. A．has practised B．is practising C．will practise D．was practising (5) —What were you doing when I called you at 7:00 yesterday evening? —I ________ an English movie in the living room. A．am watching B．have watched C．was watching D．will watch (6) I’m sorry that I didn’t answer your phone just now. I ________ at that time. A．drive B．was driving C．drove D．am driving (7) —Mr Liu, it’s you! I haven’t seen you for weeks. What a surprise! —I _________ as a volunteer in the mountain area those weeks. I just came back yesterday. A．am working B．have worked C．was working D．worked (8) —You look tired! —My husband ________ TV all night. That’s too noisy! A．watches B．has watches C．was watching D．will watch (9) While we ________ a video, some visitors ________ to our class. A．watched; were coming B．watched; came C．were watching; came D．were watching; were coming (10) While we________ TV in the living room, we_________ a strange sound outside the room. A．were watching; were hearing B．watched; were hearing C．watched; heard D．were watching; heard 2. 用所给词的适当形式填空 (1) My mother with a few old friends ________ (dance) happily when we arrived. (2) While they ________ (walk) around the halls, a guide introduced famous items on display. (3) — Could you please lower your voice? It’s just 9:30 p.m. — Sorry, I didn’t realize I ________ (read) English in such a loud voice. (4) I ________ (take) a shower when the earthquake ________ (happen) last night. (5) —Did you hear the loud noise from the neighborhood last night? —Sorry. I ________ (chat) with my classmates online about table manners. (6) —Why didn’t you answer my call just now? —Sorry, I ________ (wash) my hands and didn’t hear it. (7) He didn’t notice anybody pass him because he ________ (sleep) on the quiet night train to Lhasa. (8) I couldn’t get through to Ann last night. Her brother ________ (talk) on the phone all the time. (9) I ________ (ride) my bicycle by the river when I ________ (hit) a hole in the road. (10) While the birds ________ (sing) in the tree, the cat ________ (sleep) under the tree. 3. 语法选择 Last week, a strong typhoon hit our town. Our family made preparations before it arrived. My father (1) the windows with boards, and my mother stored food and water. I helped move our things off the floor. (2) we were doing that, the wind started to blow strongly. At around 8:00 p.m., the typhoon landed on the coast. I (3) in my room when I suddenly heard a loud noise outside. The power went out, and everything was dark. My little sister was scared and started to cry. My mother gave her a hug and told her a story to make her feel (4) . The rain was (5) heavily against the windows all night. We could hear trees falling outside. It was really scary. (6) the typhoon passed, we went outside to check the damage. Some trees were broken, but our house was safe. We were very lucky. I learned that it is important to make good (7) for a natural disaster. Also, we should stay calm and help (8) during difficult times. My friend Lisa was not so lucky. Her family (9) driving home when the strong winds started. They almost got into an accident. Now, whenever a typhoon comes, we know what to do. Trying (10) can help us stay safe. (1)A．cover B．covered C．covers D．covering (2)A．When B．After C．While D．Before (3)A．read B．reads C．was reading D．am reading (4)A．better B．worse C．angrier D．sadder (5)A．beat B．beats C．beating D．beated (6)A．Before B．While C．After D．As long as (7)A．preparation B．preparations C．prepare D．preparing (8)A．one another B．each other C．both A and B D．together (9)A．is B．were C．was D．are (10)A．new something B．something new C．new anything D．anything new 3、 单元语法提升练习 1. 语法填空 A 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Last summer, I spent two weeks in my grandparents’ house. One afternoon, at about 2 p.m., the sky (1) (begin) to darken slowly. My grandma was cooking dinner in the kitchen, and my grandpa (2) (read) a newspaper in the living room. I (3) (draw) pictures by the window. Suddenly, strong winds started blowing. The trees outside were swaying wildly, and their leaves (4) (dance) in the air. My grandma shouted, “A storm is coming!” I quickly (5) (run) to help her close the windows. Just then, heavy rain began to pour down. The lake water (6) (rise). I could hear the rain hitting the roof. My grandparents and I all stayed in the living room, talking about the storm. The storm lasted for about an hour. (7) it stopped, the sun came out again. I went outside and saw broken branches on the ground, but the air smelled fresh. At about 3:30 p.m., my grandma (8) (make) tea, and my grandpa (9) (check) the garden. I realized that even though storms can be scary, staying with family makes everything feel safer. B 阅读短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。 Last Sunday afternoon, a sudden rainstorm hit our city. I still remember what I (1) (do) at that time. At 3:00 p.m., my family and I (2) (have) a picnic in the park. The sun (3) (shine) brightly, and we (4) (laugh) and talking happily. Suddenly, the sky (5) (turn) dark. A strong wind (6) (start) to blow, and the trees (7) (shake) violently. We (8) (pack) our things quickly when the first drop of rain (9) (fall). By the time we (10) (get) to the car, the rain (11) (pour) down. We were all wet, but we felt lucky because we (2) (not get) hurt. On our way home, we saw many trees that (13) (be) blown down by the wind. It was a scary but unforgettable experience. 2. 补全对话 A 从选项中选择恰当的句子补全对话，其中有两项多余。 A: Hi, Lucy! I heard there was a heavy rainstorm in your town last night. B: Yes, it was really terrible. A: (1) B: I was doing my homework in my room. A: (2) B: No, my parents weren’t at home. They were working in the factory. A: (3) B: Suddenly, the wind started to blow hard. Then the rain poured down. A: (4) B: I quickly closed the windows and turned off the lights. Then I hid under my desk. A: 5 B: Yes, after about an hour, the storm stopped. And my parents came back safely. A: That’s good. You were so brave! A．Were your parents with you at that time? B．What did you do to keep safe? C．How long did the storm last? D．What were you doing when the storm came? E．Did the storm stop soon? F．What happened next? G．Where did your parents go? B 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 A: (1) ? B: Yes, it was awful. I saw water coming into my house. A: (2) ? B: I was doing my homework when the typhoon hit. A: What were you doing when the strong winds started? B: (3) . The wind was so strong that our car shook a little. A: (4) ? B: Yes, we did. We stored food and water before the typhoon started. 3. 翻译句子 (1) 昨晚九点，他正在阅读一本关于太空探索的书。 (2) 当地震发生时，人们正在熟睡。 (3) 昨天晚上八点我正在听音乐。 (4) 台风来的时候你正在做什么？ (5) 我跑到爷爷家时，他正在做饭。(用By the time翻译) (6) 我整晚大部分时间都醒着，因为邻居家的宝宝在哭。 (7) 上周我去参观它的时候，一些画家正在练习画画。 (8) 当雨点开始猛烈敲打窗户的时候，Mike正在跟朋友在闲逛。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Nature's Temper (Grammar)（过去进行时）核心知识点精讲精练 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Grammar 部分精讲本单元的重点语法，讲解部分配有随学随练。 · Grammar 部分还设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习，丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习并掌握单元语法知识。 1、 单元语法解析 过去进行时 1. 过去进行时基本用法 (1) 表示过去某一时刻或某个时间段正在进行的动作。句中一般有时间状语表示过去的时间，或上下文有语境暗示发生在过去。 常见的表示过去的时间状语举例：at 8 o’clock last night; at that time; at the time of...(过去发生的事); when it began to rain; while it was snowing heavily... He was watching TV at 8 p.m. yesterday.他昨天晚上8点钟正在看电视。 They were eating dinner at the time of the earthquake. 地震发生时他们正在吃饭。 (2) 在叙事类文本中，为某个或一系列动作的发生提供背景信息。 过去进行时描述的动作具有持续性，能够为情节中的突出动作提供背景，烘托氛围，能起到让读者能够身临其境的效果。 Some people were walking along the path. Some boys were playing soccer on the field. Suddenly, it began to rain. 一些人沿着小路散步。一些男孩子在踢足球。突然，开始下雨了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —I called you yesterday evening, but nobody answered. —Oh, I ________ a shower at that time. A．was taking B．took C．am taking D．was taken 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我昨天晚上给你打电话了，但是没人接。——哦，那时我正在洗淋浴。 “take a shower”是动词短语，意为“淋浴”。根据时间状语“yesterday evening”和“at that time”可知，此处表示过去某一具体时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+doing”。主语是I，be动词用was，应填was taking。 (2) At 8:00 last night, I ________ a documentary about China’s space missions on TV. A．watched B．am watching C．was watching D．watch 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨晚8点，我正在电视上看一部关于中国太空任务的纪录片。 根据“At 8:00 last night”可知，句子应用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were doing”，此处应填was watching。 (3) We ________ the classroom when the teacher came in. A．clean B．cleaned C．are cleaning D．were cleaning 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当老师进来时，我们正在打扫教室。 根据“when the teacher came in”可知从句是一般过去时，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，主句应用过去进行时。应选were cleaning。 (4) —What were you doing at 7 last night? — I ________ my homework while my mom was cooking dinner. A．do B．did C．was doing D．am doing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨晚7点你在做什么？——我妈妈在做晚饭时，我正在做作业。 考查过去进行时。根据问句“What were you doing at 7 last night?”可知，询问的是过去某个具体时间正在发生的动作，且答句中“while my mom was cooking dinner”表示两个动作同时发生，强调过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时。故选C。 (5) During the storm, the wind was ________ strongly. A．blowing B．blow C．blows D．blew 【答案】A 【详解】句意：暴风雨期间，风猛烈地刮着。 考查时态。根据“During the storm”可知，动作在过去持续进行，应用过去进行时（was/were + doing）。主语the wind是单数，be动词用was。故选A。 2. 过去进行时的构成与句型变换 (1) 过去进行时的构成 过去进行时由“was/were+动词-ing”构成。was/were的选择取决于主语的人称和数。 I was reading a book at that time. 那个时候我正在读书。 The birds were singing happily. 鸟儿在愉快的歌唱。 (2) 过去进行时的句型变换 · 陈述句 肯定式结构：主语+was/were+doing+其他。 否定式结构：主语+was/were+not+doing+其他。(was not可缩略为wasn’t；were not可所略为weren’t) 肯定式变否定式时，在was/were后加not。 He was playing computer game. →He wasn’t playing computer game. · 一般疑问句 结构：Was/Were+主语+doing+其他？ 陈述句变一般疑问句时，将was/were提至句首。 注意：陈述句主语是第一人称，变为一般疑问句时，一般要变成第二人称；陈述句中有some等时，要变成any等。 简略回答：(肯定回答)Yes,主语+was/were. (否定回答)No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t. I was eating lunch. →Were you eating lunch? The girls were drawing some pictures in the room. →Were the girls drawing any pictures in the room? [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) I was walking home at that time.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） —________ you ________ home at that time? —________, I ________. 【答案】 Were walking Yes was 【详解】句意：那时我正走在回家的路上。原句为过去进行时，改为一般疑问句时，需将be动词提前至句首；主语I改为you，be动词也由was变为were，现在分词walking保持不变。作肯定回答时，使用结构“Yes, 主语+was/were”，回答时主语为I，对应be动词用was。 (2) They were having a party when I arrived.（改为一般疑问句） ________ they ________ a party when you arrived? 【答案】 Were having 【详解】句意：你到达的时候，他们正在举办派对。原句为过去进行时，改为一般疑问句时，需将句中的be动词提前至句首，主语和现在分词保持不变。原句中的be动词为were，主语为they，现在分词为having。 (3) He was cleaning his room at 5 p.m. yesterday.（改为否定句） He ________ ________ his room at 5 p.m. yesterday. 【答案】 wasn’t cleaning 【详解】句意：昨天下午五点他正在打扫他的房间。 原句时态为过去进行时，结构是：was/were + 现在分词。变否定句直接在was后加not，was not可缩写为wasn’t，后面的现在分词cleaning不变。   (4) I was having a very nice dream when the alarm clock went off. (对划线部分提问) What ________ you ________ when the alarm clock went off? 【答案】 were doing 【详解】句意：闹钟响的时候我正在做一个很美的梦。划线部分是“was having a very nice dream”，是过去进行时的动作，提问时需用过去进行时的特殊疑问句结构，主语I变为you，助动词用were，动词用doing形式。 (5) She was doing some reading when the teacher came in.(改为一般问句及回答) _________ she _________ _________ reading when the teacher came in?   No, she _________ . 【答案】 Was doing any wasn’t 【详解】句意：老师进来时，她正在看书。观察句子中有be动词，可知变一般疑问句，则把be动词was提前放句首即可，同时some变为any。这里是作否定回答，即No，she wasn’t。故填Was，doing，any，wasn’t。 3. 过去进行时用于when、while从句 (1) 过去进行时既可以用在主句中，也可以用在从句中。还可以同时用于主句和从句中。 持续时间长的动作一般用过去进行时，持续时间短的动作一般用一般过去时。 当主句和从句都使用过去进行时，则表明主句动作和从句动作均持续了一段时间。 I was reading a book when my mother came in.我妈妈进来时，我正在看书。 He saw a bird while he was walking home.他在走路回家时，看见了一只小鸟。 My father was cooking while my mother was washing dishes.爸爸在做饭，妈妈在洗碗。 (2) when与while引导从句的区别 · when引导时间状语从句时，其后的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词(也称为“终止性动词”)。 while引导时间状语从句时，其后的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。 He was sleeping when I knocked at the door.我敲门的时候，他正在睡觉。 The boy started to cry when/while they were waiting at the shop. 他们在商店等候的时候，那个男孩突然哭了起来。 · 当主句表示短暂性动作，从句表示延续性动作时，when和while可以互换使用。 When/While he was walking along the street, he came across an old friend.当他沿着街道走的时候，他遇见了一个老朋友。 · 当主句和从句都表示延续性动作时，常用while引导从句。 My sister was drawing a picture while my brother was watching a film.我妹妹在画画，而我弟弟在看电影。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The boy ________ the mountains when he saw a huge eagle. A．climbs B．climbed C．was climbing D．is climbing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当那个男孩看见一只巨大的鹰时，他正在爬山。 when引导的时间状语从句使用了一般过去时，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作被另一个动作打断，爬山是过去那一刻正在进行的延续性动作，因此要用过去进行时was climbing。 (2) While my mother ________ dinner in the kitchen, the telephone rang. A．cooks B．cooked C．is cooking D．was cooking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我妈妈正在厨房做饭时，电话响了。 while引导的时间状语从句表示持续性的动作，结合主句the telephone rang是一般过去时，可知从句表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时“was/were doing”的结构，主语为my mother，be动词用was，所以选was cooking。 (3) My mother was reading a newspaper ________ my father came back home. A．while B．before C．when D．since 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我妈妈正在看报纸的时候，我爸爸回到了家。 while当……时，通常引导持续性的动作或状态；before在……之前；when当……时，既可以引导持续性的动作或状态，也可以引导短暂性的动作；since自从。根据“My mother was reading a newspaper…my father came back home.”可知，此处表示“当……时”，且“came back home”是短暂性动作，用when引导时间状语从句。应填when。 (4) The rainstorm came while Ann ________ her purse in the classroom. A．was looking for B．looked for C．is looking for D．looks for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：暴雨来临时，安正在教室里找她的钱包。 主句“The rainstorm came”是一般过去时，while引导时间状语从句时，强调主句动作（暴风雨到来）发生的时刻，从句动作（找钱包）正在进行，因此从句需要用过去进行时，结构为was/were + 动词现在分词，主语Ann是第三人称单数，对应be动词用was。 (5) —What were your parents doing ________ you left home this morning? —My mother was sweeping the floor ________ my father was doing the dishes. A．while; when B．when; while C．when; since D．while; while 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——今天早上你离开家的时候，你的父母正在做什么？——我妈妈正在扫地，而我爸爸正在洗碗。 when和while都有“当……时候”的意思，when引导的从句谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词，while引导的从句谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且强调主从句两个动作同时发生；since表示“自从……以来”。根据语境可知，第一个空，表示“当……时候”，且从句中的left为非延续性动词，因此用when引导；第二个空，表示两个动作同时发生，且从句中的“was doing the dishes.”为延续性动词，因此用while引导。所以应填when；while。 4. 过去进行时与一般过去时的区别 (1) 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态，一般表示动作已完成，强调结果。 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某个时间段正在进行的动词，表示动作正在做，强调过程。 Sandy did her homework last night. 桑迪昨晚写作业了。(作业已写完) Sandy was doing her homework last night. 桑迪昨晚一直在写作业。(作业不一定写完了) (2) 表示过去动作时，非延续性动词一般用一般过去时。 表示过去动作时，延续性动词可以用一般过去时，也可以用过去进行时。使用过去进行时表明动作在持续进行。 It began to rain when they were playing soccer. 他们正在踢足球时开始下雨了。 She cooked dinner.她做了晚饭。（动作做完了，只陈述事实） She was cooking dinner at 7:00.七点时她正在做晚饭。(强调当时正在持续做） [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —We ________ great fun playing in the park this Sunday. —Well, let’s go there again next weekend. A．had B．are having C．have D．were having 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们这个周日在公园玩得很开心。——好的，我们下周末再去那里吧。 考查时态。根据下句中的“let’s go there again next weekend”可推知，“在公园玩得很开心”这件事发生在过去，故应用一般过去时，故选A。 (2) — Have you visited the theme park Ocean Park in Hong Kong, Lilian?   — Yes, I ________ there for three days. A．stayed B．was staying C．have stayed D．stay 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——莉莉安，你参观过香港的主题公园海洋公园吗？——是的，我在那里待了三天。 根据语境可知，虽然问句用现在完成时询问经历，但答语描述的是过去那次参观的具体持续时间，动作已发生并结束，应用一般过去时，应填stayed。 (3) When the phone ________ suddenly last night, I _________ my math homework carefully in my room. A．rang; did B．was ringing; was doing C．rang; was doing D．was ringing; did 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨晚当电话突然响起时，我正在房间里认真地做数学作业。 when引导的时间状语从句中，短暂性动作“电话响”用一般过去时，背景持续动作“做作业”用过去进行时。根据“last night”和“suddenly”可知，第一空表示瞬间发生动作填rang，第二空表示过去正在进行的动作填was doing。应填rang；was doing。 (4) While they ________ the learning plan, the teacher came in. A．discusses B．discussed C．are discussing D．were discussing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当他们正在讨论学习计划的时候，老师进来了。 discusses讨论，一般现在时；discussed讨论，一般过去时；are discussing正在讨论，现在进行时；were discussing正在讨论，过去进行时。while引导的时间状语从句强调主句动作发生时，从句的动作正在进行。主句the teacher came in使用了一般过去时，因此从句需要使用过去进行时来表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。应填were discussing。 (5) While my mother was making a birthday cake, my sister and I ________ a letter to Dad. A．are writing B．wrote C．write D．were writing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我妈妈在做生日蛋糕的时候，我和我妹妹正在给爸爸写信。 本句是while引导的时间状语从句，从句用过去进行时，表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，主句也需要用过去进行时，应填were writing。 2、 单元语法基础练习 1. 单项填空 (1) Three buses went by without stopping while I ________ at the bus stop. A．was waiting B．waited C．wait D．am waiting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我在公交车站等车时，三辆公交车驶过都没有停。 考查时态。根据主句“Three buses went by without stopping”可知，主句描述了过去发生的短暂性动作（三辆车驶过），从句应使用过去进行时，结构为was/were+动词现在分词。故选A。 (2) When the earthquake ______, I ______ in the kitchen. A．happened; cooked B．happened; was cooking C．was happening; cooked D．was happening; was cooking 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当地震发生时，我正在厨房做饭。 考查时态。地震发生是瞬间动作，通常用一般过去时，第一空是happened；而“做饭”是当时正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，第二空是was cooking。故选B。 (3) I ________ in the park with my friend Mike when it suddenly ________ to rain hard. A．walked; was starting B．was walking; started C．walked; started D．was walking; was starting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我正在公园里和朋友迈克散步，这时天突然下起了大雨。 考查过去进行时和一般过去时的用法。本句描述过去一个正在进行的动作（在公园散步）被另一个突然发生的动作（下雨）打断。根据英语语法规则，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作用过去进行时（was/were doing），而表示在过去某一特定时刻瞬间发生的动作用一般过去时（did）。A项和C项的第一个动词walked是一般过去时，不能准确表达“正在散步”这一持续进行的情景；D项的第二个动词was starting是过去进行时，不能准确表达“突然开始”这一瞬间动作。符合语法规则的组合应为“was walking（过去进行时） + started（一般过去时）”。故选B。 (4) When I passed by the music room, Tina _________ the song Lonely Warrior for the coming art festival. A．has practised B．is practising C．will practise D．was practising 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我经过音乐教室时，蒂娜正在为即将到来的艺术节练习歌曲《孤勇者》。考查动词时态。四个选项依次为：has practised（已经练习）、is practising（正在练习）、will practise（将要练习）、was practising（过去正在练习）。根据主句“When I passed by the music room”中的“passed”可知，动作发生在过去；结合语境，当我经过时，蒂娜正在练习歌曲，表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，应使用过去进行时。故选D。 (5) —What were you doing when I called you at 7:00 yesterday evening? —I ________ an English movie in the living room. A．am watching B．have watched C．was watching D．will watch 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨天晚上 7 点我给你打电话时你在做什么？——我正在客厅看一部英语电影。 根据问句中的时间状语when I called you at 7:00 yesterday evening可知，此处强调过去某一具体时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing。主语是I，be动词用was。 (6) I’m sorry that I didn’t answer your phone just now. I ________ at that time. A．drive B．was driving C．drove D．am driving 【答案】B 【详解】句意：很抱歉我刚才没接你的电话。那时我正在开车。 根据时间状语“at that time”可知，此处强调过去某一具体时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。应填was driving。 (7) —Mr Liu, it’s you! I haven’t seen you for weeks. What a surprise! —I _________ as a volunteer in the mountain area those weeks. I just came back yesterday. A．am working B．have worked C．was working D．worked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——刘老师，是你！我好几个星期没见你了。真惊喜！——那几个星期我正在山区做志愿者。我昨天刚回来。 根据“those weeks”和“I just came back yesterday”可知，动作发生在过去，此处强调在那几周期间一直在进行的动作，用以解释为何没见面，应用过去进行时态，应填was working。 (8) —You look tired! —My husband ________ TV all night. That’s too noisy! A．watches B．has watches C．was watching D．will watch 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你看起来很累！——我丈夫整晚都在看电视。太吵了！ 考查动词时态。根据“My husband ... TV all night.”可知，此处强调整晚都在看电视，用过去进行时was/were doing。故选C。 (9) While we ________ a video, some visitors ________ to our class. A．watched; were coming B．watched; came C．were watching; came D．were watching; were coming 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我们正在看录像时，一些游客来到我们班。 考查过去进行时和一般过去时。分析题干和选项可知，此处表示在过去某个时间一个动作正在进行的时候，另一个动作发生，while引导的时间状语从句表示过去正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时；主句表示另一个动作，应用一般过去时。故选C。 (10) While we________ TV in the living room, we_________ a strange sound outside the room. A．were watching; were hearing B．watched; were hearing C．watched; heard D．were watching; heard 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我们在客厅看电视时，我们听到了房间外面的奇怪声音。 考查动词时态。while引导的时间状语从句强调“在……期间”，常与过去进行时连用，表示动作在过去某段时间内正在进行，故第一空填“were watching”；主句中“听到奇怪声音”是一个短暂性动作，用一般过去时“heard”。“hear”表示“听到”的结果，通常不用于进行时态。故选D。 2. 用所给词的适当形式填空 (1) My mother with a few old friends ________ (dance) happily when we arrived. 【答案】was dancing 【详解】句意：当我们到达时，我妈妈和几个老朋友正在开心地跳舞。根据“when we arrived”可知，arrived是短暂性动词，表示“我们到达”那一瞬间，跳舞的动作正在进行，因此主句需用过去进行时。“with a few old friends”为伴随状语，“My mother”后接with结构时，谓语动词的数由with前面的主语（My mother）决定，My mother为第三人称单数，故be动词用was，dance的现在分词形式为dancing。故填was dancing。 (2) While they ________ (walk) around the halls, a guide introduced famous items on display. 【答案】were walking 【详解】句意：当他们在大厅里参观时，一位导游介绍了展出的著名物品。主句“a guide introduced...”使用了一般过去时，说明动作发生在过去；while引导的时间状语从句表示“过去某个动作正在进行时，另一个动作发生”，因此从句要用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+现在分词”。主语they是复数，be动词用were，walk的现在分词为walking。 (3) — Could you please lower your voice? It’s just 9:30 p.m. — Sorry, I didn’t realize I ________ (read) English in such a loud voice. 【答案】was reading 【详解】句意：——你能小声点吗？现在才晚上九点半。——抱歉，我没意识到我刚才正在大声读英语。主句为一般过去时，从句表示过去正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing，主语I对应was，read的现在分词是reading。 (4) I ________ (take) a shower when the earthquake ________ (happen) last night. 【答案】 was taking happened 【详解】句意：昨晚地震发生时，我正在洗澡。主句表示地震发生时，“我正在洗澡”，是过去正在进行的动作，要用过去进行时。主语是I，过去进行时结构为was/were + 动词现在分词，所以填was taking。when引导的从句中，“地震发生”是过去发生的瞬时动作，用一般过去时，happen的过去式是happened。 (5) —Did you hear the loud noise from the neighborhood last night? —Sorry. I ________ (chat) with my classmates online about table manners. 【答案】was chatting 【详解】句意：——你昨晚听到附近传来的巨大声响了吗？——不好意思。我当时正在网上和同学聊餐桌礼仪。问句last night，询问过去某一时刻正在发生的事，用过去进行时was/were+doing 。主语为I ，be动词用was，chat变为chatting。 (6) —Why didn’t you answer my call just now? —Sorry, I ________ (wash) my hands and didn’t hear it. 【答案】was washing 【详解】句意：——你刚才为什么不接我的电话？——抱歉，我当时正在洗手，没听到。问句问“刚才为什么没接电话”，“接电话”是过去的瞬间动作，答句中“洗手”是这个瞬间正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时was/were+现在分词，主语是I，过去进行时的be动词用was，wash的现在分词为washing。 (7) He didn’t notice anybody pass him because he ________ (sleep) on the quiet night train to Lhasa. 【答案】was sleeping 【详解】句意：他没有注意到任何人经过他身边，因为他在开往拉萨的安静夜行列车上睡着了。“didn’t notice”为一般过去时，从句描述“没有注意到”的原因，即当时正在发生的动作，需用过去进行时。主语“he”为第三人称单数，谓语结构为“was + 现在分词”，sleep的现在分词为sleeping。 (8) I couldn’t get through to Ann last night. Her brother ________ (talk) on the phone all the time. 【答案】was talking 【详解】句意：我昨晚没能打通安的电话，她哥哥一直在打电话。句中“last night”表明过去时间，“all the time”强调过去某段时间内持续进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为was/were + 现在分词，主语Her brother为单数，be动词用was，talk变为现在分词需直接加ing。 (9) I ________ (ride) my bicycle by the river when I ________ (hit) a hole in the road. 【答案】 was riding hit 【详解】句意：我正在河边骑自行车时，撞到了路上的一个坑。 此句适用“过去进行时+when+一般过去时”的结构（表示一个动作正在进行时，另一个动作突然发生）：“骑自行车”是过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语“I”对应的结构是“was riding”；“撞到坑”是过去突然发生的短暂动作，用一般过去时，“hit”的过去式为其本身“hit”。故填was riding；hit。 (10) While the birds ________ (sing) in the tree, the cat ________ (sleep) under the tree. 【答案】 were singing was sleeping 【详解】句意：当鸟儿在树上唱歌时，猫在树下睡觉。While引导时间状语从句，强调两个动作在过去同时进行，主从句均用过去进行时；主语the birds为复数，be动词用were，sing的现在分词为singing；主语the cat为单数，be动词用was，sleep的现在分词为sleeping。 3. 语法选择 Last week, a strong typhoon hit our town. Our family made preparations before it arrived. My father (1) the windows with boards, and my mother stored food and water. I helped move our things off the floor. (2) we were doing that, the wind started to blow strongly. At around 8:00 p.m., the typhoon landed on the coast. I (3) in my room when I suddenly heard a loud noise outside. The power went out, and everything was dark. My little sister was scared and started to cry. My mother gave her a hug and told her a story to make her feel (4) . The rain was (5) heavily against the windows all night. We could hear trees falling outside. It was really scary. (6) the typhoon passed, we went outside to check the damage. Some trees were broken, but our house was safe. We were very lucky. I learned that it is important to make good (7) for a natural disaster. Also, we should stay calm and help (8) during difficult times. My friend Lisa was not so lucky. Her family (9) driving home when the strong winds started. They almost got into an accident. Now, whenever a typhoon comes, we know what to do. Trying (10) can help us stay safe. (1)A．cover B．covered C．covers D．covering (2)A．When B．After C．While D．Before (3)A．read B．reads C．was reading D．am reading (4)A．better B．worse C．angrier D．sadder (5)A．beat B．beats C．beating D．beated (6)A．Before B．While C．After D．As long as (7)A．preparation B．preparations C．prepare D．preparing (8)A．one another B．each other C．both A and B D．together (9)A．is B．were C．was D．are (10)A．new something B．something new C．new anything D．anything new 【答案】 (1)B (2)C (3)C (4)A (5)C (6)C (7)B (8)C (9)B (10)B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者一家人上周在强台风来袭前后所做的准备、经历的过程以及事后的感悟。 (1)句意：父亲用木板遮住窗户，母亲储存食物和水。 全文讲述上周发生的事，用一般过去时，所以此处应填入covered，cover的过去式，作谓语。 (2)句意：当我们正在做那件事的时候，风开始猛烈地刮起来。 “…we were doing that, the wind started to blow strongly.”提示，此处强调“风开始猛烈地刮起来”和“我们正在做那件事”两个动作同时发生，所以此处应用while引导时间状语从句，位于句首，首字母要大写。 (3)句意：我正在房间里看书，突然听到外面一声巨响。 “I…in my room when I suddenly heard a loud noise outside.”提示，此处考查：was/were doing…when…“正在做某事，突然……”，固定搭配，指正在读书，突然听到巨响。 (4)句意：我的妈妈抱了抱她，给她讲了个故事让她好受点。 前一句“My little sister was scared and started to cry.”提示，我的小妹妹很害怕，开始哭了起来。所以，妈妈讲故事是为了让害怕的妹妹感觉好一些。better“更好”。 (5)句意：雨整夜猛烈地敲打着窗户。 句中“all night”和“was”提示，此处强调过去时间一直持续的动作，所以时态是过去进行时，此处应填入beating，现在分词，与空格前“was”构成过去进行时，作谓语。 (6)句意：台风过后，我们出去查看损失。 后半句“we went outside to check the damage.”提示，结合常识可知，台风过后，我们才会出去查看损失。After“在……之后”。 (7)句意：我明白了为自然灾害做好准备是很重要的。 “make good…for a natural disaster”提示，结合选项可知，此处考查：make preparations for“为……做准备”，固定搭配，指为自然灾害做好准备。 (8)句意：此外，我们应该保持冷静，在困难时期互相帮助。 “help…during difficult times”提示，结合选项可知，此处指在困难时期互相帮助，one another和each other的中文意思都是“互相”，意思相同，可互换。 (9)句意：强风开始时，她的家人正开车回家。 句中“when the strong winds started.”提示，动作发生在过去，时态为一般过去时；句中“family”在这里指“全家人”，是复数概念，所以此处be动词要用were。 (10)句意：尝试新事物可以帮助我们保持安全。 形容词修饰复合不定代词要后置，故排除A、C；anything常用于否定句或疑问句中，something常用于肯定句中，该句是肯定句，应选B。 3、 单元语法提升练习 1. 语法填空 A 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Last summer, I spent two weeks in my grandparents’ house. One afternoon, at about 2 p.m., the sky (1) (begin) to darken slowly. My grandma was cooking dinner in the kitchen, and my grandpa (2) (read) a newspaper in the living room. I (3) (draw) pictures by the window. Suddenly, strong winds started blowing. The trees outside were swaying wildly, and their leaves (4) (dance) in the air. My grandma shouted, “A storm is coming!” I quickly (5) (run) to help her close the windows. Just then, heavy rain began to pour down. The lake water (6) (rise). I could hear the rain hitting the roof. My grandparents and I all stayed in the living room, talking about the storm. The storm lasted for about an hour. (7) it stopped, the sun came out again. I went outside and saw broken branches on the ground, but the air smelled fresh. At about 3:30 p.m., my grandma (8) (make) tea, and my grandpa (9) (check) the garden. I realized that even though storms can be scary, staying with family makes everything feel safer. 【答案】(1)began (2)was reading (3)was drawing (4)were dancing (5)ran (6)was rising (7)When (8)was making (9)was checking 【导语】本文讲述去年夏天“我”在祖父母家经历了一场暴风雨，一家人共同应对，风雨过后空气清新、家人相伴，让“我”感到温暖安心的故事。 (1)句意：一天下午大约两点，天空开始慢慢变暗。根据“last summer”可知，此处用一般过去时，begin的过去式是began。故填began。 (2)句意：奶奶在厨房做饭，爷爷正在客厅看报纸。根据“My grandma was cooking dinner in the kitchen, and”可知，此处用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were + doing”，主语“grandpa”单数，用was reading。故填was reading。 (3)句意：我正在窗边画画。根据“My grandma was cooking dinner in the kitchen, and”可知，此处用过去进行时，主语I，用was drawing。故填was drawing。 (4)句意：外面的树疯狂摇晃，树叶在空中飞舞。根据“The trees outside were swaying wildly”可知，此处用过去进行时态，与前句“were swaying”并列。故填were dancing。 (5)句意：我赶紧跑过去帮她关窗户。根据“Last summer”可知，此处用一般过去时，run的过去式是ran。故填ran。 (6)句意：湖水正在上涨了。根据“heavy rain began to pour down”可知，此处用过去进行时。故填was rising。 (7)句意：当雨停的时候，太阳又出来了。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，用when，句首字母需大写。故填When。 (8)句意：大约三点半，奶奶泡了茶。根据“At about 3:30 p.m.”可知，此处用过去进行时态，故填was making。 (9)句意：爷爷去查看花园。根据“and”可知，此处与前句并列，用过去进行时态。故填was checking。 B 阅读短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。 Last Sunday afternoon, a sudden rainstorm hit our city. I still remember what I (1) (do) at that time. At 3:00 p.m., my family and I (2) (have) a picnic in the park. The sun (3) (shine) brightly, and we (4) (laugh) and talking happily. Suddenly, the sky (5) (turn) dark. A strong wind (6) (start) to blow, and the trees (7) (shake) violently. We (8) (pack) our things quickly when the first drop of rain (9) (fall). By the time we (10) (get) to the car, the rain (11) (pour) down. We were all wet, but we felt lucky because we (2) (not get) hurt. On our way home, we saw many trees that (13) (be) blown down by the wind. It was a scary but unforgettable experience. 【答案】 (1)was doing (2)were having (3)was shining (4)were laughing (5)turned (6)started (7)were shaking (8)were packing (9)fell (10)got (11)was pouring (12)didn’t get (13)were 【导语】本文主要描述了上周日下午一场突如其来的暴雨中“我”和家人的经历。 (1)句意：我仍然记得当时我正在做什么。根据“Last Sunday afternoon, a sudden rainstorm hit our city.”以及“at that time”可知，此处描述的是过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，应该用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were+动词的现在分词”，主语是I，be动词用was，do的现在分词是doing。故填was doing。 (2)句意：下午3点，我和我的家人在公园里野餐。根据“At 3:00 p.m.”可知，此处描述的是过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，应该用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were+动词的现在分词”，主语是my family and I，表示复数概念，be动词用were，have的现在分词是having。故填were having。 (3)句意：阳光灿烂，我们开心地笑着、交谈着。根据“The sun…brightly”可知，此处描述的是过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，应该用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were+动词的现在分词”，主语是The sun，be动词用was，shine的现在分词是shining。故填was shining。 (4)句意：阳光灿烂，我们开心地笑着、交谈着。根据“and we…and talking happily”可知，此处描述的是过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，应该用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were+动词的现在分词”，主语是we，be动词用were，laugh的现在分词是laughing。故填were laughing。 (5)句意：突然，天空变暗了。根据“Suddenly”以及前文可知，此处描述的是过去某个时刻正在发生的动作，应该用一般过去时，turn的过去式是turned。故填turned。 (6)句意：一阵强风开始吹起来，树木剧烈地摇晃着。根据“A strong wind…to blow”可知，此处描述的是过去某个时刻正在发生的动作，应该用一般过去时，start的过去式是started。故填started。 (7)句意：一阵强风开始吹起来，树木剧烈地摇晃着。根据语境，这里强调强风开始吹的时候树木正处于剧烈摇晃的状态，用过去进行时描述当时持续的状态，主语是the trees，be动词用were，shake的现在分词是shaking。故填were shaking。 (8)句意：当第一滴雨落下时，我们正在快速地收拾东西。根据“We…our things quickly when the first drop of rain…down.”可知，此处when引导的时间状语从句是一般过去时，主句描述的是过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，应该用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were+动词的现在分词”，主语是we，be动词用were，pack的现在分词是packing。故填were packing。 (9)句意：当第一滴雨落下时，我们正在快速地收拾东西。根据“when the first drop of rain…down”可知，此处when引导的时间状语从句描述的是过去某个时刻正在发生的动作，应该用一般过去时，fall的过去式是fell。故填fell。 (10)句意：当我们到达车上时，雨倾盆而下。根据“By the time we…to the car”可知，此处描述的是过去某个时刻发生的动作，应该用一般过去时，get的过去式是got。故填got。 (11)句意：当我们到达车上时，雨倾盆而下。根据“By the time we…to the car, the rain…down.”可知，此处描述的是过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，应该用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were+动词的现在分词”，主语是the rain，be动词用was，pour的现在分词是pouring。故填was pouring。 (12)句意：我们都湿透了，但是我们感到很幸运，因为我们没有受伤。根据“but we felt lucky because we…hurt.”可知，此处描述的是过去某个时刻的状态，应该用一般过去时，get hurt表示“受伤”，get的否定形式是didn’t get。故填didn’t get。 (13)句意：在回家的路上，我们看到许多树被风吹倒。根据“On our way home, we saw many trees that…blown down by the wind.”可知，此处that引导的定语从句描述的是过去某个时刻的状态，应该用一般过去时，主语that指代trees，表示复数概念，与be动词是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是“was/were+动词的过去分词”，be的过去分词是been，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were。 2. 补全对话 A 从选项中选择恰当的句子补全对话，其中有两项多余。 A: Hi, Lucy! I heard there was a heavy rainstorm in your town last night. B: Yes, it was really terrible. A: (1) B: I was doing my homework in my room. A: (2) B: No, my parents weren’t at home. They were working in the factory. A: (3) B: Suddenly, the wind started to blow hard. Then the rain poured down. A: (4) B: I quickly closed the windows and turned off the lights. Then I hid under my desk. A: 5 B: Yes, after about an hour, the storm stopped. And my parents came back safely. A: That’s good. You were so brave! A．Were your parents with you at that time? B．What did you do to keep safe? C．How long did the storm last? D．What were you doing when the storm came? E．Did the storm stop soon? F．What happened next? G．Where did your parents go? 【答案】(1)D (2)A (3)F (4)B (5)E 【导语】本文是一则对话，谈论了暴风雨来临时正在做什么。 (1)根据B的回答“I was doing my homework in my room.”可知，描述了暴风雨来临时 B 的活动，因此空白处应是一个询问“暴风雨来时在做什么”的问题。选项D“当暴风雨来临的时候，你正在做什么？”符合语境。故选D。 (2)根据B的回答是“No, my parents weren’t at home. They were working in the factory.”可知，B的父母不在家。推断空白处是询问一个关于父母是否在场的。选项A“那个时候你的父母和你在一起吗？”符合语境。故选A。 (3)根据B 的回答是“Suddenly, the wind started to blow hard. Then the rain poured down.”可知，突然，风开始猛烈地吹，接着大雨倾盆。这描述了事件的发展，因此空白处应是一个询问“接下来发生了什么”的问题。选项F“接下来发生了什么？”符合语境。故选F。 (4)根据B的回答是“I quickly closed the windows and turned off the lights. Then I hid under my desk.”可知，我迅速关上窗户、关掉灯，然后躲到书桌下。这描述了B的安全措施，因此空白处应是一个询问“如何保持安全”的问题。选项B“你做了什么来保持安全？”符合语境。故选B。 (5)根据B的回答是“Yes, after about an hour, the storm stopped. And my parents came back safely.”可知，是的，大约一小时后，暴风雨停了。我父母也安全回来了。是以“Yes”开头，回应了一个关于暴风雨是否停止的yes/no问题，并提供了时间信息。选项E“暴风雨很快停了吗？”符合语境。故选E。 B 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 A: (1) ? B: Yes, it was awful. I saw water coming into my house. A: (2) ? B: I was doing my homework when the typhoon hit. A: What were you doing when the strong winds started? B: (3) . The wind was so strong that our car shook a little. A: (4) ? B: Yes, we did. We stored food and water before the typhoon started. 【答案】(1)Was the typhoon terrible (2)What were you doing when the typhoon hit (3)I was driving in the car (4)Did you prepare for the typhoon 【导语】本对话是两人围绕台风来袭时的经历展开对话，一方讲述台风中房屋进水、当时正在做的事及狂风中的经历，另一方询问相关情况并确认他们是否提前做好了准备。 (1)答句用了Yes开头，说明问句是一般疑问句。awful“糟糕的”和water coming into my house“房屋进水”说明问句是在询问台风的情况是否糟糕/可怕。 (2)答句was doing说明是过去进行时，回答的是“台风来袭时正在做什么”。说明问句是过去进行时的特殊疑问句，询问“当时正在做什么”。 (3)问句中were you doing说明是过去进行时，因此答句也必须用过去进行时回答当时正在做的事。后文中our car说明答句的场景必须和“在车里”相关。 (4)答句用了Yes, we did.开头说明问句是一般过去时的一般疑问句。stored food and water“储存食物和水”说明问句是在询问“是否为台风做了准备”。 3. 翻译句子 (1) 昨晚九点，他正在阅读一本关于太空探索的书。 【答案】At nine o’clock last night, he was reading a book about space exploration. (2) 当地震发生时，人们正在熟睡。 【答案】People were sleeping soundly when the earthquake struck/happened. (3) 昨天晚上八点我正在听音乐。 【答案】I was listening to music at eight o’clock last night. (4) 台风来的时候你正在做什么？ 【答案】What were you doing when the typhoon came? (5) 我跑到爷爷家时，他正在做饭。(用By the time翻译) 【答案】By the time I ran to my grandpa’s house, he was cooking. (6) 我整晚大部分时间都醒着，因为邻居家的宝宝在哭。 【答案】I was awake most of the night because the neighbor’s baby was crying. (7) 上周我去参观它的时候，一些画家正在练习画画。 【答案】Last week, when I visited it, some painters were practicing painting. (8) 当雨点开始猛烈敲打窗户的时候，Mike正在跟朋友在闲逛。 【答案】When the rain began to beat heavily against the window, Mike was hanging out with his friends. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $