完形填空--三年高考英语真题一遍过

完形填空（解析版） Part one 三年高考英语真题复现 2023年 Passage 1 【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a ____23____ across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____24____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____25____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____26____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____27____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____ attention. Once there, Lenoue was ____29____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme ____30____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more ____31____ about why her act is considered a big ____32____. “She was just crying. I couldn’t ____33____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the ____34____, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the ____35____ of human kindness won the day. 21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished 22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse 23. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor 24. A. race B. school C. town D. training 25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised 26. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice 27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down 28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal 29. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated 30. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness 31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged 32. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal 33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand 34. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show 35. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange 一、文章体裁 记叙文（人物故事类）。 以越野赛跑中选手互助的真实事件为线索，讲述 Melanie Bailey 在比赛途中放弃个人成绩，救助受伤选手的暖心故事，传递善良与友爱，属于典型的叙事类记叙文。 二、文章大意 本文记叙了在明尼苏达州的一场越野赛跑中，选手 Melanie Bailey 在赛程过半时发现前方选手 Danielle Lenoue 膝盖严重受伤、痛苦不堪，随即停下脚步，背起受伤选手坚持走到终点及医疗救助点，因此延误了自己的比赛。事后 Bailey 认为自己只是做了该做的事，而两位陌生选手也因此结下友谊。比赛虽无人夺冠，但人性善意的展现赢得了所有人的认可。 三、篇章结构 全文按照事件发展顺序展开，脉络清晰： 第一段：事件引入 交代比赛背景，点明 Bailey 本应更早完赛，却因背着他人冲线而延误。 第二段：事件经过 详细叙述 Bailey 发现对手受伤、停下帮扶并一路背至救助点的过程。 第三段：受伤情况 说明受伤选手伤势严重，若无帮助难以抵达救助点。 第四段：主人公态度 描写 Bailey 对自己善举的淡然看法，认为只是做了正确的事。 第五段：事件结局 两位选手成为朋友，人性善意成为比赛真正的赢家。 四、考查题型 21 题：动词词义辨析题（语境动作匹配） 22 题：名词词义辨析题（因果逻辑匹配） 23 题：名词词义辨析题（人物身份匹配） 24 题：名词词义辨析题（上下文场景呼应） 25 题：动词词义辨析题（行为动作选择） 26 题：名词词义辨析题（帮助行为语境） 27 题：动词短语辨析题（动作场景逻辑） 28 题：形容词词义辨析题（场景需求匹配） 29 题：动词词义辨析题（医疗场景用词） 30 题：名词词义辨析题（伤痛语境呼应） 31 题：形容词词义辨析题（人物心理态度） 32 题：名词词义辨析题（固定搭配与语境） 33 题：动词词义辨析题（人物情感选择） 34 题：名词词义辨析题（事件场景指代） 35 题：名词词义辨析题（主旨内涵匹配） 五、题目详解 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____1____ the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. volunteer志愿者；C. classmate同学；D. competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage勇气；B. aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. stood up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. constant持续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cold感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. worried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；B. problem问题；C. lesson课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bother打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B. display展示；C. benefit利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。 Passage 2 【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】 In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight ___21___. They could not afford to pay for ___22___ for their dog, Tiffy, and ___23___ wanted to take her with them. It just ___24___ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___25___ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to ___26___ Tiffy. When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very ___27___. George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___28___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___29___ and trust that everything would _____30_____. After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me _____31_____ Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and _____32_____ them as soon as we got to Kansas City. The flight was _____33_____, and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she _____34_____ with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so _____35_____ and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again. 21. A. turn B. budget C. schedule D. connection 22. A. food B. shelter C. medicine D. transportation 23. A. desperately B. temporarily C. secretly D. originally 24. A. appeared B. proved C. happened D. showed 25. A. waited B. offered C. hurried D. failed 26. A. see off B. look for C. hand over D. pick up 27. A. confused B. nervous C. annoyed D. curious 28. A. hard B. fine C. common D. lucky 29. A. coworker B. passenger C. stranger D. neighbor 30. A. speed up B. work out C. come back D. take off 31. A. feed B. follow C. change D. load 32. A. call B. join C. leave D. serve 33. A. unnecessary B. unexpected C. unavoidable D. uneventful 34. A. returned B. fought C. flew D. agreed 35. A. thankful B. generous C. proud D. sympathetic 一、文章体裁 记叙文（暖心故事类）。 以一次公益宠物运送经历为线索，讲述作者通过飞行员公益组织 Pilots N Paws，帮助经济拮据的家庭运送爱犬与主人团聚的故事，属于温情叙事类记叙文。 二、文章大意 本文讲述作者在去年四月通过 Pilots N Paws 网站看到一个家庭的求助：他们要从托皮卡搬到弗吉尼亚，预算紧张，无力支付狗狗的运输费用，却又迫切想带狗同行。作者与另一位飞行员 Karen 接力运送小狗 Tiffy。尽管狗主人十分不舍与担忧，作者仍顺利将小狗送上飞机，并安全转交。几天后 Tiffy 成功回到主人身边，主人十分感激，作者也为帮助家庭团圆感到欣慰。 三、篇章结构 全文按事情发展顺序叙述，条理清晰： 第一段：事件起因 介绍求助家庭的处境 —— 搬家预算有限，无法承担宠物运输却极想带狗同行。 第二段：事情转机 作者与另一位飞行员恰好计划相关飞行，愿意接力运送小狗。 第三段：离别场景 描写狗主人虽不舍又焦虑，仍将小狗托付给陌生人。 第四段：出发过程 作者与主人一同安置小狗上机，并承诺会及时联系报平安。 第五段：圆满结局 飞行顺利，小狗经转交后回到主人身边，主人深表感谢，作者倍感温暖。 四、考查题型 21 题：名词词义辨析题（语境经济状况匹配） 22 题：名词词义辨析题（上下文运送场景呼应） 23 题：副词词义辨析题（情感程度判断） 24 题：动词词义辨析题（固定句式与语境搭配） 25 题：动词词义辨析题（行为意愿选择） 26 题：动词短语辨析题（行程动作逻辑） 27 题：形容词词义辨析题（人物情绪状态） 28 题：形容词词义辨析题（人物心理感受） 29 题：名词词义辨析题（人物身份关系） 30 题：动词短语辨析题（期望与结果语境） 31 题：动词词义辨析题（登机场景动作） 32 题：动词词义辨析题（联系沟通行为） 33 题：形容词词义辨析题（行程状态描述） 34 题：动词词义辨析题（飞行运送动作） 35 题：形容词词义辨析题（人物情感态度） 五、题目详解 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A. turn转折点；B. budget预算；C. schedule时间表；D. connection联系。根据“They could not afford to pay for ___2___ for their dog, Tiffy,”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A. food食物；B. shelter庇护；C. medicine药；D. transportation交通。根据“They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight ___1___ .”及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。 A. desperately非常、拼命地；B. temporarily暂时地；C. secretly秘密地；D. originally起初。根据“wanted to take her with them.”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared出现；B. proved证明；C. happened碰巧；D. showed展示。根据“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited等待；B. offered提供、主动提出；C. hurried匆忙；D. failed失败。根据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see off为……送行；B. look for寻找；C. hand over移交；D. pick up接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A. confused困惑的；B. nervous紧张的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. curious好奇的。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___9___ and trust that everything would ___10___ .”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. hard困难的；B. fine好的；C. common常见的；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文“was trying to be calm”以及下文“having to leave his dog to a ___9___ and trust that everything would ___10___ .”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. coworker合作者；B. passenger乘客；C. stranger陌生人；D. neighbor邻居。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him,”可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. speed up加速；B. work out解决；C. come back回来；D. take off起飞。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him,”可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A. feed喂养；B. follow跟随；C. change改变；D. load装载。load into装入。根据“Tiffy into the plane.”可知，作者让George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call打电话；B. join加入；C. leave离开；D. serve服务。根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A. unnecessary没有必要的；B. unexpected意想不到的；C. unavoidable不可避免的；D. uneventful太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a great passenger.”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那里。 A. returned返回；B. fought打仗；C. flew飞；D. agreed同意。根据“It just ___4___ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___5___ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A. thankful感激的；B. generous慷慨的；C. proud骄傲的；D. sympathetic同情的。通读全文，再根据“and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。故选A。 Passage3 【2023年浙江1月卷】 The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 41 a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the 42 . Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 43 . I 44 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 45 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 47 . He stopped every few minutes to move the 48 higher up the tree trunk. 49 , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he 50 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d 51 the trunk and was back on the ground. It was too 52 to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed 53 . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were 54 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right 55 to go back up. 41．A．share B．collect C．celebrate D．witness 42．A．courtyards B．fields C．treetops D．caves 43．A．urgent B．dangerous C．expensive D．pointless 44．A．searched B．recognised C．followed D．invited 45．A．gathered B．cleaned C．dropped D．checked 46．A．shook B．lit C．measured D．decorated 47．A．jumping B．talking C．testing D．climbing 48．A．hives B．leaves C．rope D．honey 49．A．Finally B．Surprisingly C．Naturally D．Immediately 50．A．backed B．dived C．shouted D．inched 51．A．cut off B．gone up C．slid down D．held onto 52．A．high B．early C．fast D．close 53．A．hatching B．training C．sowing D．trading 54．A．curious B．hungry C．bored D．angry 55．A．moment B．equipment C．person D．order 一、文章体裁 记叙文（纪实见闻类）。 以作者亲历的埃塞俄比亚森林采蜜过程为线索，记录当地养蜂人高空采蜜的惊险场景，属于叙事性纪实散文。 二、文章大意 本文讲述作者前往埃塞俄比亚东南部的哈伦纳森林，亲眼目睹当地养蜂人 Ziyad 高空采蜜的全过程。蜂箱被安置在约 20 米高的树梢，采蜜难度大且危险。养蜂人制作火把、绑绳爬树，靠近蜂巢后用烟熏驱蜂，却因时节尚早、幼蜂未出巢，成年蜜蜂狂怒反击，只能匆忙滑下树，等待合适时机再尝试。 三、篇章结构 全文按行动顺序展开，层次分明： 第一段：背景交代 作者进入森林，准备观看当地独特的高空采蜜，点明采蜜艰难且危险。 第二段：准备过程 作者跟随养蜂人进入丛林，养蜂人制作火把、系好绳索，开始爬树。 第三段：惊险瞬间 养蜂人爬到近 20 米高处靠近蜂巢，用烟熏蜂时突遭攻击，迅速滑回地面。 第四段：原因说明 因时节偏早、幼蜂未孵化，成年蜜蜂极具攻击性，采蜜只能暂缓。 四、考查题型 41 题：动词词义辨析题（语境行为目的匹配） 42 题：名词词义辨析题（地点场景呼应） 43 题：形容词词义辨析题（危险语境判断） 44 题：动词词义辨析题（行程动作逻辑） 45 题：动词词义辨析题（准备火把动作） 46 题：动词词义辨析题（火把使用场景） 47 题：动词词义辨析题（上下文动作连贯） 48 题：名词词义辨析题（爬树工具匹配） 49 题：副词词义辨析题（过程结果逻辑） 50 题：动词词义辨析题（高空移动动作） 51 题：动词短语辨析题（紧急避险动作） 52 题：形容词词义辨析题（时机语境判断） 53 题：动词词义辨析题（蜜蜂生长常识） 54 题：形容词词义辨析题（蜜蜂攻击原因） 55 题：名词词义辨析题（时机选择语境） 五、题目详解 【答案】41．D 42．C 43．B 44．C 45．A 46．B 47．D 48．C 49．A 50．D 51．C 52．B 53．A 54．D 55．A 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share分享；B. collect收集；C. celebrate庆祝；D. witness见证；目睹。根据下文“I ____4____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。故选D项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A. courtyards庭院；B. fields田野；领域；C. treetops树顶；D. caves洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk.”可知，手工制作的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C项。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent紧急的；B. dangerous危险的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. pointless毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were ____14____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B项。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A. searched搜索；B. recognised认出；C. followed跟随；D. invited邀请。根据前文“I was on my way to ____1____ a unique honey harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选C项。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. gathered聚集、采集；B. cleaned清除；C. dropped掉落；D. checked检查。根据下文“handfuls of damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A项。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. shook摇晃；B. lit点燃；点亮；C. measured测量；D. decorated装饰。根据后文“to create a torch”可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A. jumping跳；B. talking谈话；C. testing测试；D. climbing攀爬。根据“higher up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A. hives蜂房；B. leaves树叶；C. rope绳索；D. honey蜂蜜。根据“Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree,”可知，Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。故选C项。 49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20米高。A. Finally最终；B. Surprisingly令人意外地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Immediately立刻。根据上文“He stopped every few minutes to move the ____8____ higher up the tree trunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad借助绳索不断向上攀爬，终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A项。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed支持；B. dived跳水；C. shouted对……大声喊叫；D. inched缓慢移动。根据上文“Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____3____”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢，将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D项。 51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A. cut off切除；B. gone up上升；C. slid down滑下；D. held onto抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground.”和后文“was back on the ground”可知，Ziyad是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选C项。 52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A. high高的；B. early早的；C. fast快速的；D. close亲近的。根据下文“A cool summer had delayed ____13____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B项。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching孵化；B. training培训；C. sowing播种；D. trading与……作交易；交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A项。 54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A. curious好奇的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. bored无聊的；D. angry生气的。根据下文“kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D项。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A. moment时刻；B. equipment设备；C. person个人；D. order点餐；命令。根据上文“A cool summer had delayed ____13____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad只好另待时机，等幼虫变成成年蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A项。 Passage4 【2023年全国甲卷】 Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we ___21___ there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike ___22___ its way down the hill toward us. It was ___23___ called Mario, coming to ___24___ us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice ___25___ for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were ___26___ because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, ___27___ things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it. These can’t be any ___28___, we thought. But we were ___29___ his kindness, so we ___30___ them. What we discovered is that it’s ___31___ to judge what you eat only by its ___32___. Those tomatoes had ___33___ that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes ___34___ perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to have a ___35___ memory of those. It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can ___36___ them easily. Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was ___37___. It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re ___38___, and as close as possible to where they were ___39___. What Mario had ___40___ us was the taste of the Garfagnana. 21. A. waited B. met C. camped D. stayed 22. A. making B. searching C. squeezing D. feeling 23. A. customer B. neighbor C. relative D. passenger 24. A. lend B. send C. bring D. show 25. A. choice B. comment C. promise D. gesture 26. A. worried B. moved C. thrilled D. bored 27. A. simple B. real C. shiny D. fun 28. A. more B. good C. new D. easy 29. A. sympathetic to B. thankful for C. cautious about D. interested in 30. A. tried B. sold C. returned D. mixed 31. A. unnecessary B. uncertain C. unwise D. unusual 32. A. appearance B. quality C. origin D. price 33. A. size B. shape C. color D. taste 34. A. smell B. look C. become D. work 35 A. happy B. vivid C. short D. vague 36. A. clean B. check C. count D. pack 37. A. perfect B. useful C. convenient D. familiar 38. A. on view B. on sale C. in season D. in need 39. A. finished B. stored C. found D. grown 40. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told 一、文章体裁 记叙文（生活感悟类）。 以一次邻里赠送蔬果酒水的经历为线索，讲述作者从以貌取 “食” 到感悟自然本真味道的心理变化，兼具叙事与哲理思考，属于生活随笔类记叙文。 二、文章大意 多年前作者在加尔法尼亚纳买了一栋房子，初次入住时，邻居马里奥主动送来自家种的西红柿和一瓶酒。西红柿外形怪异、酒水浑浊无标签，作者起初觉得品质不佳，但出于感激还是尝了。结果发现，这些食材味道极佳，远超超市里外表光鲜却淡而无味的食物。作者由此感悟：不应仅凭外表评判食物，应吃应季、产地就近的天然食材，而马里奥赠予的，正是这片土地最本真的滋味。 三、篇章结构 全文按 “经历 — 感悟” 的脉络展开，层次清晰： 第一段：事件开端 作者初次入住，邻居马里奥热心送来西红柿和自酿酒，作者因外表不佳心生疑虑，却仍出于善意品尝。 第二段：内心感悟 品尝后发现食材味道极佳，对比超市里好看却无味的农产品，悟出不能以貌取食的道理。 第三段：主旨升华 点明饮食应顺应时节、贴近产地，马里奥所赠的是当地最地道的风味。 四、考查题型 21 题：动词词义辨析题（居住场景匹配） 22 题：动词词义辨析题（固定搭配与行进场景） 23 题：名词词义辨析题（人物身份关系） 24 题：动词词义辨析题（赠送动作语境） 25 题：名词词义辨析题（行为举止含义） 26 题：形容词词义辨析题（人物心理状态） 27 题：形容词词义辨析题（外表特征描述） 28 题：形容词词义辨析题（品质判断语境） 29 题：形容词短语辨析题（人物情感态度） 30 题：动词词义辨析题（行为选择逻辑） 31 题：形容词词义辨析题（观点态度判断） 32 题：名词词义辨析题（外表与内涵对比） 33 题：名词词义辨析题（味觉体验语境） 34 题：动词词义辨析题（外表呈现特征） 35 题：形容词词义辨析题（记忆程度描述） 36 题：动词词义辨析题（超市储运逻辑） 37 题：形容词词义辨析题（味道评价） 38 题：介词短语辨析题（时节场景搭配） 39 题：动词词义辨析题（食材产地来源） 40 题：动词词义辨析题（赠予行为呼应 五、题目详解 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. B 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. waited等待；B. met遇见；C. camped露营；D. stayed暂住。根据前文“Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.”可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第一次住在那里。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. making使；让；B. searching搜索；C. squeezing挤压；D. feeling感觉。根据后文“coming to 　　　4　　　 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，摩托车是开过来给我们送东西的，所以make one’s way复合语境，为固定搭配，意为“前往”。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. customer顾客；B. neighbor邻居；C. relative亲戚；D. passenger乘客。根据前文“we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike 　　2　　 its way down the hill toward us.”以及最后一句“What Mario had 　　20　　　us was the taste of the Garfagnana”可知，马里奥是从山上下来的，送来了当地的食物，可推测是作者的邻居。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. lend借出；B. send发送；C. bring带来；D. show展示。根据后文“It was a very nice 　　　5　　　 for him to make.”可知，马里奥很友好，所以是给作者一家带来一个盒子。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他这么做真是太好了。A. choice选择；B. comment议论；C. promise诺言；D. gesture姿态。根据前文“coming to 　　　4　　　 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，马里奥给作者一家带来一盒子的西红柿和酒，所以是好的姿态。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们事非常畸形的：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的东西。A. worried担心的；B. moved感动的；C. thrilled兴奋的；D. bored.感到厌倦的。根据后文“because they were so misshapen”可知，西红柿是畸形的，所以作者一家很担心是否能吃。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们是非常畸形的：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的东西。A. simple简单的；B. real真实的；C. shiny闪亮的；D. fun有趣的。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round”可知，空处是在形容超市里的西红柿，和前文的“nice, round”并列，结合选项，应是“shiny闪亮的”符合实际。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们想，这些肯定不好。A. more更多的；B. good好的；C. new新的；D. easy容易的。根据前文“But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were 　　6　　　　 because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, 　　7　　　　 things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it.”可知，马里奥带来的西红柿和酒都不好，因此作者一家认为这些都不可能好。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. sympathetic to同情；B. thankful for对……表示感谢；C. cautious about谨慎对待；D. interested in对……感兴趣。根据前文“It was 　　　3　　　 called Mario, coming to 　　　4　　　 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，西红柿和酒是邻居送的，所以应该是很感谢他。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. tried尝试；B. sold出售；C. returned回来；D. mixed混合。根据后文“Those tomatoes had 　　　13　　　 that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知，马里奥送的西红柿让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿，所以推知，他们是尝试了。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A. unnecessary不需要的；B. uncertain无把握；C. unwise不明智的；D. unusual特别的。结合前后文，可知，作者一家刚开始看到马里奥送的西红柿是畸形的，对其感到担心，但是后来发现，它的味道，比超市的西红柿要好，所以此处应是根据外观来判断你吃的东西是不明智的。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你的吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A. appearance外观；B. quality质量；C. origin源头；D. price价格。根据前文“we were 　　　6　　　 because they were so misshapen”可知，此处应是通过外观来评判。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些西红柿的味道让我想起了我小时候叔叔种的西红柿。A. size尺寸；B. shape形状；C. color颜色；D. taste味道。根据后文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 　　　14　　　 perfect but taste of water.”可知，此处应是用马里奥送的西红柿和超市的西红柿作对比，马里奥送的西红柿外观差，但是味道好，让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好，但味道像水。A. smell闻起来；B. look看起来；C. become变成；D. work工作。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round, 　　　7　　　 things you get in a supermarket.”可知，超市的西红柿看起来很完美。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人会对那些有快乐的记忆。A. happy快乐的；B. vivid清晰的；C. short短的；D. vague模糊的。根据前文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 　　　14　　　 perfect but taste of water.”可知，超市的西红柿，看起来很好，但是吃起来像水，因此没有将会有快乐的记忆。故选A项。 【36题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法种植方形的，这样他们就可以方便地包装它们。A. clean打扫；B. check检查；C. count计数；D. pack包装。根据前文“It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones”结合实际，可知方形的易包装。故选D项。 【37题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的。A. perfect完美的；B. useful有用的；C. convenient便利的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文“Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle”以及空前的but可知，此处表转折，结合选项，此处应是“马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的”之意，符合实际。故选A项。 【38题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是当令的时候，并且尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是好的。A. on view在展出；B. on sale出售；C. in season当令的；D. in need困难中的。根据前文“It’s good to eat things at the correct time”可知，在合适的时间，也就是当令的时候。故选C项。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是好的。A. finished完成；B. stored贮存；C. found找到；D. grown成长。根据前文“It’s good to eat things”以及“as close as possible to where”可知，此处在讲在合适的时间吃东西是好的，根据where推断涉及地点，结合实际，应是在靠近它们生长的地方，摘下来吃，能保持新鲜，是好的，符合题意。故选D项。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里奥给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。A. cooked烹饪；B. given给；C. bought买；D. told告诉。根据前文“It was 　　　3　　　 called Mario, coming to 　　　4　　　 us a box Passage 5 【2023年全国乙卷】 To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she ____21____ best. She had to ___22___ her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say ____23____ to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to ____24____ waves on her board. But it was ____25____ to take the leap (飞跃), however ____26____ it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So she ____27____ about 1,200 miles away from home, to ____28____ with a coach from China. She lived with a family she had never ____29____ and everything was new to her. As it turned out Douglas did ____30____ what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she ____31____two Russians. The Chinese coach ____32____ Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the ____33____, helping her skyrocket from an ____34____ member of the national team to the top of the sport. By ____35____ the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She ____36____ the competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt ____37____ all along that she would win. Not so long ago, Martha Karoly the coordinator (联络人) of the women’s national team, did not think Douglas had what it ____38____ to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought ____39____ that she could make the London Games-and win. “I’m going to inspire so many people,” she said. “I’m ready to ____40____.” And shine she did. 21. A. tried B. thought C. judged D. knew 22. A. take up B. pack up C. clean up D. do up 23. A. goodbye B. hello C. thanks D. no 24. A. cause B. observe C. ride D. strike 25. A. common B. time C. fun D. tough 26. A. breathtaking B. heartbreaking C. eye-catching D. head-spinning 27. A. dropped out B. moved on C. pulled over D. went off 28. A. reason B. talk C. compete D. train 29. A. met B. helped C. understood D. needed 30. A. approximately B. gradually C. exactly D. possibly 31. A. defeated B. pleased C. respected D. assisted 32. A. forced B. transformed C. persuaded D. put 33. A. world B. city C. team D. state 34. A. amateur B. elected C. average D. enthusiastic 35. A. clarifying B. defending C. winning D. demanding 36. A. followed B. organized C. watched D. led 37. A. confident B. nervous C. excited D. uneasy 38. A. viewed B. appeared C. mattered D. took 39. A. now and then B. more and more C. far and wide D. on and on 40. A. shine B. fly C. dance D. score 一、文章体裁 记叙文（人物励志类）。 以体操运动员加布丽埃勒・道格拉斯的奥运夺冠历程为线索，讲述她为梦想背井离乡、刻苦训练，最终创造历史的故事，属于典型的体育人物传记类记叙文。 二、文章大意 本文讲述了体操运动员 Gabby Douglas 为实现奥运个人全能冠军梦想，在 14 岁时毅然告别熟悉的家乡、亲人与宠物，远赴千里跟随一位中国教练训练。她克服陌生环境与思乡之苦，在教练的指导下从一名普通国家队队员成长为世界顶尖选手，最终击败对手夺冠，成为首位获得奥运体操女子个人全能冠军的黑人女性。她从一开始就坚信自己会胜利，也希望用自己的经历激励更多人。 三、篇章结构 全文按时间与成长顺序展开，逻辑清晰： 第一段：追梦抉择 道格拉斯为奥运梦想忍痛离开家乡，远赴他乡跟随中国教练训练，适应全新陌生生活。 第二段：圆梦赛场 她成功做到一切所需，击败对手夺得奥运冠军，成为创造历史的黑人女子体操选手。 第三段：外界评价 国家队负责人从最初不看好她，到逐渐相信她能征战伦敦奥运并夺冠。 第四段：志向宣言 道格拉斯表示要激励他人，准备绽放光芒，而她也确实做到了。 四、考查题型 21 题：动词词义辨析题（熟悉程度语境匹配） 22 题：动词短语辨析题（离家出行场景） 23 题：名词词义辨析题（离别场景逻辑） 24 题：动词词义辨析题（运动动作搭配） 25 题：形容词词义辨析题（时机与决心判断） 26 题：形容词词义辨析题（离别情感描述） 27 题：动词短语辨析题（离家远行动作） 28 题：动词词义辨析题（运动员训练场景） 29 题：动词词义辨析题（人物关系陌生度） 30 题：副词词义辨析题（精准完成目标语境） 31 题：动词词义辨析题（比赛胜负语境） 32 题：动词词义辨析题（能力蜕变语境） 33 题：名词词义辨析题（范围程度表达） 34 题：形容词词义辨析题（水平起点描述） 35 题：动词词义辨析题（赛事荣誉获取） 36 题：动词词义辨析题（比赛领先状态） 37 题：形容词词义辨析题（人物心理信念） 38 题：动词词义辨析题（固定句型与能力要求） 39 题：副词短语辨析题（态度变化过程） 40 题：动词词义辨析题（结尾主旨呼应） 五、题目详解 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. A 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意： 为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切。A. tried尝试；B. thought思考；C. judged判断；D. knew知道；熟悉，了解。由上文“To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文“1,200 miles away from home”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas放弃她最熟悉的一切，来到一个陌生的地方，故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。A. take up从事；B. pack up整理；收拾行李；C. clean up清理；D. do up装修。由上文“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文“her bedroom in Virginia”可知，整理好她的卧室，准备离开这里，故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A. goodbye再见；B. hello你好；C. thanks感谢；D. no没有；否定的回答。由上“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”可知，Gabby Douglas要离开自己的家，所以与家里的狗说再见，故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A. cause引起；B. observe观察；C. ride骑；漂浮；D. strike打击。由下文“waves on her board.”可知，此处表示冲浪，ride the waves意为“冲浪”，故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人心碎。A. common平民；普通；B. time时间；C. fun乐趣；D. tough暴徒。由下文“to take the leap (飞跃)”可知，虽然离开自己所熟悉的一切很难，但是是时候该迈出这一步了，故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人伤心。A. breathtaking激动人心的；B. heartbreaking令人心碎的；令人伤心的；C. eye-catching引人注目的；D. head-spinning头晕的。上文提到的Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切可知，放弃自己所熟悉的一切是令人伤心，故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。A. dropped out退出；B. moved on继续。C. pulled over靠边停车；D. went off离开。由下文“about 1,200 miles away from home,”可知，Gabby Douglas到了一个离家1200英里的地方，故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一位来自中国的教练一起训练。A. reason推理；B. talk谈话；C. compete竞争；D. train培训。由上文“To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event”和下文“with a coach from China”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas离开家，由此可知，她来到这里是为了和一位来自中国的教练一起训练，故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，一切对她来说都是全新的。A. met遇到；见过；B. helped帮助；C. understood理解；D. needed需要。由下文“everything was new to her.”可知，一切对她来说都是全新的，所以此处指她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意： 事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A. approximately大约；B.gradually逐渐地；C. exactly准确地；完全；D. possibly可能地。由下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Gabby Douglas获得了奥运会全能冠军，由此可知，Gabby Douglas完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切，故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意： 事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A. defeated打败；B. pleased使高兴；C. respected尊敬；D. assisted帮助。由上文“what she needed to do to become Olympic champion”和下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，成为了奥运冠军，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. forced强迫；B. transformed转换；改造；彻底改变；C. persuaded劝说；D. put放。由下文“Douglas into one of the best gymnasts”可知，这位中国教练让Douglas变成世界上最好的体操运动员之一，transform...into固定搭配，意为“使……变成……”，故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. world世界；B. city城市；C. team团队；D. state国家。由下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Douglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，所以说她是世界最好的体操运动员之一，故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。 A. amateury业余爱好的；B. elected当选的；C. average平均的；普通的；D. enthusiastic热情的。由下文“member of the national team to the top of the sport”可知，这位中国教练帮助Douglas从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。A. clarifying分类；B. defending打败；C. winning赢得；D. demanding要求。由下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so.”可知，Douglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，故选C。 【36题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她自始至终领先于竞争对手。A. followed跟随；B. organized组织；C. watched观看；D. led带领；领先。由下文“the competition from beginning to end”可知，比赛过程中，Douglas一直领先于竞争对手，故选D。 【37题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说她一直坚信自己会赢。A. confident自信的；坚信的；B. nervous紧张的；C. excited兴奋的；D. uneasy不安的。由下文“all along that she would win.”可知，Douglas一直坚信自己会赢，故选A。 【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在不久前，女子国家队联络人Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件。A. viewed看待；B. appeared出现；C. mattered重要；D. took需要。由下文“to be an Olympian”可知，此处表示Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件，空处表示“需要”，故选D。 【39题详解】 考查短语词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，她越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。A. now and then时不时地；B. more and more越来越多；C. far and wide广泛地；D. on and on不断地。由上文“As time went by”和下文“that she could make the London Games-and win.”可知，随着时间的推移，Douglas越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。故选B。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我准备好发光了”。A. shine照耀；发光；B. fly飞行；C. dance跳舞；D. score得分。由上文“I’m going to inspire so many people”和“And shine she did.”可知，Douglas认为自己将会激励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人，故选A。 2024年 Passage 1 【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】 I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievement s all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ____41____ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running ____42____, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ____43____ for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I ____44____ it! Between the girl making my ____45____ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only ____46____ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I ____47____ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I ____48____ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I ____49____ her bike and went for a ride. The ____50____: The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such ____51____. That day, I got ____52____ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ____53____. I’ve ____54____ a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever ____55____ I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit 42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently 43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training 44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved 45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence 46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason 47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with 48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved 49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked 50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice 51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges 52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped 53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing 54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried 55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests 一、文章体裁 记叙文（人生感悟类）。 以作者自身运动经历为线索，讲述其从受他人成就影响、盲目跟风尝试运动，到最终确立自我目标的心理成长过程，属于夹叙夹议类记叙文。 二、文章大意 作者一生都在因他人的成就而被激励或受挫。少年时，因邻居朋友赢下马拉松开始规律跑步，却又因听闻他人备战超马、自己长跑体验极差而放弃跑步；转而投身骑行，甚至梦想参加自行车赛，可在圣地亚哥骑行时因山路艰难被当地骑手远超，再次失去热情。此后作者逐渐成熟，明白无论设定何种目标，都应是属于自己的，而非受他人影响。 三、篇章结构 全文按经历 — 感悟的脉络展开，条理清晰： 第一段：引入话题 点明作者常因他人成就产生动力或丧失动力。 第二段：跑步经历 受朋友激励开始跑步，又因他人成就与自身糟糕体验放弃跑步。 第三段：骑行经历 转而骑行并怀揣参赛梦想，却因外地艰难骑行经历失去兴趣。 第四段：主旨升华 作者日渐成熟，领悟到目标应源于自身，而非盲目追随他人。 四、考查题型 41 题：动词词义辨析题（语境成就场景匹配） 42 题：副词词义辨析题（运动习惯描述） 43 题：动词词义辨析题（备战赛事语境） 44 题：动词词义辨析题（主观体验态度） 45 题：名词词义辨析题（个人成就对比语境） 46 题：名词词义辨析题（行为原因逻辑） 47 题：动词短语辨析题（兴趣转向选择） 48 题：动词词义辨析题（内心愿望表达） 49 题：动词词义辨析题（物品使用场景） 50 题：名词词义辨析题（问题状况引出） 51 题：名词词义辨析题（运动难度描述） 52 题：动词词义辨析题（骑行比赛场景） 53 题：形容词词义辨析题（兴趣吸引力判断） 54 题：动词词义辨析题（心智成长表达） 55 题：名词词义辨析题（人生目标主旨呼应） 五、题目详解 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道；B. held抓住；C. won赢得；D. quit退出。根据后文“Feeling motivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。 【42题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly有规律地；B. silently默默地；C. proudly自豪地；D. recently最近。根据前文“Feeling motivated” 可知，作者有了动力，所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A项。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A. asking要求；B. looking看；C. waiting等待；D. training训练。根据后文“referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。故选D项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my 5 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage优势；B. achievement成就；C. contribution贡献；D. influence影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles，而女孩在为52.4 miles做训练，所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选B项。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way方式；B. risk风险；C. place地方；D. reason理由。根据后文“I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才会再跑步，这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D项。 【47题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up放弃；B. went on继续；C. turned to转向；D. dealt with处理。根据前文“I decided that the only 6 I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C项。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard听到；B. dreamed梦想；C. complained抱怨；D. approved批准。根据后文“of entering cycle races”结合选项可知，此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B项。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted把……描绘成；B. borrowed借；C. bought买；D. parked停(车)。根据前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后文“went for a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B项。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A. problem问题；B. secret秘密；C. principle原则；D. advice建议。根据后文“I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说，是一个问题。故选A项。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers危险；B. events事件；C. opponents对手；D. challenges挑战。根据前文“The 10 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说是一个挑战。故选D项。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A. passed超过；B. convinced说服；C. admired欣赏；D. stopped阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A项。 【53题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可信赖的；B. convenient方便的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I got 　　12　　by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.”可知，作者那天骑行被100多人超过，所以此时是觉得骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D项。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟；C. missed思念；D. worried担心。根据后文“I’ve come to accept that whatever 　　15　　 I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B项。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的。A. limits限制；B. dates日期；C. goals目标；D. tests测试。根据后文“I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的”，符合语境。故选C项。 Passage 2 【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】 When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to ___21___, Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I ___22___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to ___23___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___24___ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language ___25___. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how ___26___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___27___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small ___28___ of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ___29___ quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional ____30____, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families ____31____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ____32____. These meals are always ____33____ by laughter and joy. Whatever ____34____ life in Italy might have, the problems are ____35____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 21. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle 22. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened 23. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match 24. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised 25. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test 26. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed 27. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order 28. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties 29. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth 30. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale 31. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait 32. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for 33. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied 34. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities 35. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified 一、文章体裁 记叙文（生活感悟类）。 以作者在意大利定居的生活经历为线索，讲述语言适应、邻里温情与美食文化，表达对意大利生活的热爱，属于叙事抒情类记叙文。 二、文章大意 十年前作者决定在欧洲买房，最终选择定居意大利。初到之时语言不通，勉强拼凑意大利语却总得到当地人的鼓励，顺利克服语言障碍。定居后作者感受到意大利人的热心善良，邻里间的微小善举让异国变成家园。作为美食爱好者，作者更被意大利的饮食文化深深吸引，各地特色菜肴、代代相传的食谱、阖家欢聚的宴席，让生活充满欢乐。即便意大利生活存在不如意，在丰盛的家宴面前一切烦恼也都会被抛之脑后。 三、篇章结构 全文按生活体验顺序展开，层次清晰： 第一段：定居选择 作者偏爱法国旅行，但最终选定意大利作为定居地。 第二段：生活温情 初到意大利语言不通，受当地人鼓励；邻里友善，小事暖心，让异乡有归属感。 第三段：美食魅力 意大利丰富的传统美食与家庭聚餐文化带来极大满足，生活中的烦恼在美食与欢聚中消散。 四、考查题型 21 题：动词词义辨析题（定居场景语境） 22 题：动词词义辨析题（语言困难描述） 23 题：动词词义辨析题（语言组织搭配） 24 题：动词词义辨析题（鼓励赞美语境） 25 题：名词词义辨析题（语言障碍表达） 26 题：形容词词义辨析题（人物性格概括） 27 题：动词词义辨析题（提醒提醒场景） 28 题：名词词义辨析题（善意行为表达） 29 题：名词词义辨析题（食欲美食语境） 30 题：名词词义辨析题（地方特色菜肴） 31 题：动词词义辨析题（家庭团聚场景） 32 题：动词短语辨析题（寻找理由语境） 33 题：动词词义辨析题（欢乐伴随场景） 34 题：名词词义辨析题（生活不足之处） 35 题：动词词义辨析题（烦恼忘却语境） 五、题目详解 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析，句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是赢家。A. study学习；B. rent租金；C. visit游览；D. settle定居。根据下文“After I made Italy my permanent home”以及“make a new country feel like home”可推知，此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned计划；B. struggled斗争、吃力地进行；C. refused拒绝；D. happened出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit to Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. string串起、连成一串；B. hang悬挂；C. mix混合；D. match配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian together”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. improved改进；B. assessed评估；C. admired钦佩；D. praised赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析，句意：这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.course课程；B. barrier障碍；C. area区域；D. test测试。根据上文“the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encouragement helped me”可推知，此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析，句意：当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A. open-minded思想开明的；B. strong-willed思想坚定的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. well-informed见多识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door”和“close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A. remind提醒；B. allow允许；C. persuade说服；D. order命令。根据上文“I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析，句意：正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A. tricks技巧；B. promises承诺；C. acts行为；D. duties职责。根据上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居们的善举。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析，句意：作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利那样刺激我的食欲。A. ambition雄心；B. success成功；C. appetite食欲；D. growth发育。根据上文“As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”可推知，此处指做这是一个美食家，所以应该是刺激食欲。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析，句意：每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A. costume服装；B. dish菜肴；C. symbol符号；D. tale故事。根据上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文“every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知，此处指意大利各地都有传统菜肴。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. gather集合；B. cheer欢呼；C. leave留下；D. wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. put up with克服；B. stand up for支持；C. come up with想出；D. make up for弥补。根据上文“whatever other excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A. signaled示意；B. confirmed确认；C. represented代表；D. accompanied伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. disadvantages缺点；B. meanings含义；C. surprises惊喜；D. opportunities机会。根据上文“Whatever”以及下文“the problems”可推知，此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. created创建；B. forgotten忘记；C. understood理解；D. identified确认。根据上文“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不愉快。故选B。 Passage 3 【2024浙江1月卷】 While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful ____21____ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man ____22____ me on the train. My ____23____ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the ____24____ to practice my Chinese. Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had ____25____ a two-year professional school to quickly find a job ____26____ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most ____27____, however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would ____28____ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American ____29____ as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I ____30____ him asking at one point. It would have been easy to ____31____ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, ____32____ , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he ____33____ me just how much one can gain from ____34____ with an open mind, and a willingness to ____35____ with locals from all walks of life. 21. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment 22. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached 23. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost 24. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right 25. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded 26. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding 27. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable 28. A. publish B. quote C. сорy D. download 29. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students 30. A anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch 31. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with 32. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated 33. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised 34. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching 35 A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage 一、文章体裁 记叙文（旅途见闻类）。 以作者在中国西北列车上与一位当地青年的偶遇交流为线索，记录一段触动内心的旅途经历，属于夹叙夹议的旅行感悟记叙文。 二、文章大意 作者在沿塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘行驶的 20 小时火车旅途中，偶遇一位当地年轻男子，收获了一段令人难忘、受益匪浅的交流。这位新朋友几乎不会英语，作者便借机练习中文。交谈中得知，他为养家就读职业院校，毕业后从事公路建设工作，却仍在繁重体力劳动后坚持每日学习，能引用爱默生译文，还主动探讨美国、俄罗斯文学。这打破了作者对普通劳动者的刻板印象，让作者明白：以开放心态旅行、主动与各行各业当地人交流，能收获远超想象的成长。 三、篇章结构 全文按 “相遇 — 交谈 — 感悟” 展开，脉络清晰： 第一段：旅途相遇 作者在火车上偶遇一位当地青年，借此机会练习中文，开启难忘交流。 第二段：深入交谈 讲述对方的求学与工作经历，以及令人敬佩的自学习惯和文学素养。 第三段：内心感悟 此次相遇打破刻板印象，让作者领悟到开放交流与用心旅行的真正意义。 四、考查题型 21 题：名词词义辨析题（旅途偶遇语境） 22 题：动词词义辨析题（陌生人搭话场景） 23 题：形容词词义辨析题（人物关系描述） 24 题：名词词义辨析题（借机做某事搭配） 25 题：动词词义辨析题（上学就学语境） 26 题：动词词义辨析题（职业工作内容） 27 题：形容词词义辨析题（令人赞叹的特质） 28 题：动词词义辨析题（引用语句语境） 29 题：名词词义辨析题（文学作者语境） 30 题：动词词义辨析题（回忆交谈场景） 31 题：动词短语辨析题（固守刻板印象） 32 题：形容词词义辨析题（自学成才特质） 33 题：动词词义辨析题（亲身展示领悟） 34 题：动词词义辨析题（旅行主旨呼应） 35 题：动词词义辨析题（与人交流互动搭配） 五、题目详解 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车时，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A. experiment实验；B. encounter邂逅；C. competition比赛；D. appointment任命。根据后文“with a local that all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. true真的；B. so-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. long-lost很久不见的。根据上文“A young Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. chance机会；B. advice建议；C. trouble麻烦；D. right权利。根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜访；B. financed提供资金；C. attended参加，上(学)；D. founded成立。根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习。A. typical典型的；B. obvious显然的；C. natural自然的；D. remarkable引人注目的。根据后文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. publish出版；B. quote引用；C. copy复制；D. download下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. writers作者；B. historians历史学家；C. workers工人；D. students学生。根据上文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors?(你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. look into调查；B. rely on依靠；C. go over复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. self-educated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked询问；B. warned警告；C. showed展示；D. promised承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cooperate合作；B. side边；C. negotiate协商；D. engage参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。 2025年 Passage 1 【2025全国一卷】 One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding. My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 41 the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the 42 we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to 43 our supposedly important objects. That left a house still 44 with things that, while not particularly 45 , didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场). I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional 46 , another asking for a price cut. As our 47 day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it. The 48 : “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase. 49 , I posted more. My daily posts and the 50 I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to 51 the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have 52 . I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 53 that share our small space. I take 54 in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is 55 something that couldn’t come with us. 41．A．painting over B．looking around C．emptying out D．pulling down 42．A．hotel B．office C．cottage D．apartment 43．A．store B．display C．sell D．repair 44．A．covered B．decorated C．stuffed D．equipped 45．A．conventional B．valuable C．complicated D．tolerable 46．A．fees B．photos C．receipts D．models 47．A．move B．pay C．market D．work 48．A．warning B．request C．description D．reply 49．A．Confused B．Interested C．Disappointed D．Encouraged 50．A．visits B．reports C．advice D．money 51．A．remove B．spare C．find D．check 52．A．investigated B．recognized C．encountered D．recommended 53．A．giveaways B．posts C．contributions D．belongings 54．A．joy B．part C．care D．time 55．A．anticipating B．appreciating C．delivering D．withdrawing 一、文章体裁 记叙文（生活感悟类）。 以作者搬家处理旧物的经历为线索，讲述从清理家居、低价转赠物品到收获温暖与感悟的过程，语言平实温情，属于生活叙事类记叙文。 二、文章大意 作者与丈夫卖掉居住了 23 年的房子，在搬家清理物品时，留下了大量虽不珍贵但不该丢弃的杂物。作者先是将一个闲置花瓶标价 10 美元上网出售，在搬家日临近时改为免费赠送，并配上幽默文案，很快被人取走。这次经历鼓舞了作者，她继续免费送出更多旧物，这些互动成为搬家混乱中的一束光，既让物品免于被填埋，也温暖了陌生人。如今作者住进新居，喜爱着身边的每一件物品，也欣慰于曾经的旧物正被他人珍惜。 三、篇章结构 全文按事情发展顺序展开，条理清晰： 第一段：场景引入 作者看着尘封已久的花瓶，引出搬家清理旧物的背景。 第二段：清理困境 作者一家为搬家筛选物品，仍剩下大量不宜丢弃却非必需的杂物。 第三段：赠物经历 作者上网出售花瓶未果，改为免费赠送，很快被人开心取走。 第四段：持续分享 受此次经历鼓舞，作者持续赠送旧物，在忙碌中收获温暖。 第五段：感悟升华 作者在新居心安喜悦，也为旧物被他人珍惜而感到欣慰。 四、考查题型 41 题：动词短语辨析题（搬家清理场景） 42 题：名词词义辨析题（居住地点匹配） 43 题：动词词义辨析题（物品存放语境） 44 题：动词词义辨析题（屋内堆满物品状态） 45 题：形容词词义辨析题（物品价值判断） 46 题：名词词义辨析题（网上交易附加需求） 47 题：名词词义辨析题（搬家时间语境） 48 题：名词词义辨析题（商品文案描述） 49 题：形容词词义辨析题（心理状态与行为动机） 50 题：名词词义辨析题（网上互动往来） 51 题：动词词义辨析题（使物品免于被丢弃） 52 题：动词词义辨析题（陌生人相遇语境） 53 题：名词词义辨析题（新居物品指代） 54 题：名词词义辨析题（内心愉悦感受） 55 题：动词词义辨析题（珍惜旧物品德） 五、题目详解 【答案】 41．C 42．D 43．A 44．C 45．B 46．B 47．A 48．C 49．D 50．A 51．B 52．C 53．D 54．A 55．B 41．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和丈夫刚刚卖掉了我们的房子，我们正忙着清空我们一家人花了23年时间建造的心爱的房子。A. painting over 粉刷覆盖；B. looking around 环顾四周；C. emptying out 清空；D. pulling down 拆除。根据上文“My husband and I had just sold our house”和下文“the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up”可推知，此处指作者卖掉了房子，忙着清空房子里的多年来堆积的东西。故选C。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. hotel 酒店；B. office 办公室；C. cottage 小屋；D. apartment 公寓。根据文章最后一段“I sit in my apartment today”可推知，此处指作者一家人搬到了公寓。故选D。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. store 储存；B. display 展示；C. sell 出售；D. repair 修理。根据上文“rented a place”以及下文“our supposedly important objects”可推知，此处指租地方是为了存放重要物品。故选A。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填埋场的东西。A. covered 覆盖的；B. decorated 装饰的；C. stuffed 塞满的；D. equipped 配备的。根据上文“rented a place to 3 our supposedly important objects”以及下文“with things”可推知，此处指房子里仍塞满物品。故选C。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填埋场的东西。A. conventional 传统的；B. valuable 有价值的；C. complicated 复杂的；D. tolerable 可容忍的。根据上文“while not particularly”以及下文“didn’t belong in a landfill”可推知，此处指虽不贵重但不应丢弃的物品。故选B。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有几条信息进来了，一条想要更多的照片，另一条请求降价。A. fees 费用；B. photos 照片；C. receipts 收据；D. models 模型。根据上文“I took a picture of the vase”及“additional”可推知，此处指有人索要更多照片。故选B。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着搬家日的临近，我确定了一个新的价格（0美元）并重新发布了它。A. move 搬家；B. pay 支付；C. market 市场；D. work 工作。根据前文搬家背景及下文“day drew near”可推知，此处指搬家日临近。故选A。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：描述：“我讨厌这个花瓶。也许你不会。”A. warning 警告；B. request 请求；C. description 描述；D. reply 回复。根据上文“I took a picture of the vase and posted it online”以及下文“I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.”可推知，此处指是重新发布的对花瓶的描述。故选C。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到鼓励，我发布了更多。A. Confused 困惑的；B. Interested 感兴趣的；C. Disappointed 失望的；D. Encouraged 受鼓励的。根据上文“In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.”以及作者后文持续发帖的行为，可推知，此处指作者受到鼓舞。故选D。 50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天收到的帖子和来我家里的拜访，在我混乱的房子里变成了一束珍贵的光芒。A. visits 拜访；B. reports 报告；C. advice 建议；D. money 钱。根据上文“In an instant, a woman raced into my house”以及“My daily posts”和后文的互动，可推知，此处指去作者家里拜访。故选A。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。A. remove 移除；B. spare 省得；免去；C. find 发现；D. check 检查。根据上文语境以及下文“the landfill”可推知，此处指作者用免费赠送旧物来代替丢掉旧物垃圾填埋，此处spare引申为“免去”表示免得去垃圾填埋场丢东西。故选B。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。A. investigated 调查；B. recognized 认出；C. encountered 遇见；D. recommended 推荐。根据上文“another person I might not otherwise”可推知，此处指免费赠送旧物让原本不会遇见的人感到高兴。故选C。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我坐在我的公寓里，爱着我们小空间里的每一件所有物。A. giveaways 赠品；B. posts 帖子；C. contributions 贡献；D. belongings 所有物。结合语境，再根据上文“I sit in my apartment today”以及下文“share our small space”可推知，此处指现在拥有的物品。故选D。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我感到很快乐。A. joy 快乐；B. part 部分；C. care 关心；D. time 时间。结合语境，再根据上文“loving each of the 13 that share our small space.”以及下文“in knowing that, somewhere nearby”可推知，此处指作者免费赠送旧物，也从中获得了快乐。故选A。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我感到很快乐。A. anticipating 期待；B. appreciating 欣赏；C. delivering 递送；D. withdrawing 撤回。根据上文“I take 13 in knowing that, somewhere nearby”以及下文“something that couldn’t come with us”可推知，此处指他人在欣赏这些作者带不走的，赠予的物品。故选B。 Passage 2 【2025全国二卷】 Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41 seven years ago after having a 42 call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43 led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 44 . Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 45 lifestyle, before discovering a 46 for weightlifting. Since setting out on the journey, the 47 lover has not only managed to 48 an impressive set of muscles but also a huge following on social media. The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 49 others can’t look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects. “Hold on: Consider failure as a 50 to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “ 51 others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 52 .” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise... the 53 is to feel good, not look good.” Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 54 wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an 55 for many social media users. 41．A．write B．travel C．exercise D．recover 42．A．goodwill B．timeout C．long-distance D．wake-up 43．A．normally B．ultimately C．suddenly D．automatically 44．A．change B．fortune C．wish D．deal 45．A．risky B．traditional C．comfortable D．healthy 46．A．demand B．secret C．passion D．cure 47．A．peace B．fitness C．fun D．nature 48．A．grow B．control C．activate D．relax 49．A．need B．choice C．reason D．difference 50．A．green light B．road block C．passing mark D．stepping stone 51．A．Help B．Consult C．Follow D．Forgive 52．A．accepted B．shared C．expected D．celebrated 53．A．goal B．case C．duty D．cost 54．A．instructors B．admirers C．beginners D．doubters 55．A．authority B．excuse C．inspiration D．option 一、文章体裁 记叙文（人物励志类）。 以 65 岁奶奶 Evelyn Donohue 的健身逆袭故事为线索，讲述她因病觉醒、坚持锻炼并鼓舞他人的经历，属于正能量人物纪实记叙文。 二、文章大意 65 岁的 Evelyn Donohue 奶奶七年前因一通警醒电话开始健身。此前她饱受饮食失调与健康问题困扰，最终不得不接受手术。这次经历让她决心改变，开始锻炼并养成健康生活方式，随后爱上了举重。踏上健身之路后，她不仅练出了出色的肌肉，还在社交媒体收获大量粉丝。这位受欢迎的奶奶经常分享健身内容，认为其他人没有理由不能拥有好状态，并总结了坚持、把失败当垫脚石、帮助他人等心得。她强调健身的目标是感觉良好而非外表好看。曾有人嘲笑她年纪太大不适合健身，但她用行动证明了质疑者是错的，成为无数网友的精神鼓舞。 三、篇章结构 全文按时间与成长顺序展开，逻辑清晰： 第一段：觉醒开端 介绍奶奶因健康危机醒悟，开始健身并爱上举重。 第二段：健身成果 她不仅练出好身材，还在社交平台收获大量关注。 第三段：经验分享 她分享健身心得，强调坚持、分享成功与注重内在感受的重要性。 第四段：打破偏见 她用实力反驳质疑，成为许多人的励志榜样。 四、考查题型 41 题：动词词义辨析题（核心行为主题匹配） 42 题：名词 / 形容词辨析题（警醒、醒悟语境） 43 题：副词词义辨析题（最终结果逻辑） 44 题：名词词义辨析题（做出改变固定搭配） 45 题：形容词词义辨析题（健康生活方式语境） 46 题：名词词义辨析题（热爱、酷爱表达） 47 题：名词词义辨析题（健身爱好者场景） 48 题：动词词义辨析题（练出肌肉语境） 49 题：名词词义辨析题（没有理由做某事） 50 题：名词短语辨析题（失败是成功的垫脚石） 51 题：动词词义辨析题（帮助、鼓舞他人逻辑） 52 题：动词词义辨析题（成功分享更甜蜜） 53 题：名词词义辨析题（运动目标与初衷） 54 题：名词词义辨析题（质疑者、怀疑者指代） 55 题：名词词义辨析题（励志榜样、精神鼓舞） 五、题目详解 【答案】 41．C 42．D 43．B 44．A 45．D 46．C 47．B 48．A 49．C 50．D 51．A 52．B 53．A 54．D 55．C 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. write写作；B. travel旅行；C. exercise锻炼；D. recover康复。根据下文的“ Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out...”可知，此处指老奶奶开始锻炼身体。故选C。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. goodwill善意、友好；B. timeout超时；C. long-distance长途；D. wake-up唤醒。结合语境，再根据后文“She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”可推知，此处指这是一次“警醒”老奶奶的经历。故选D。 43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她一直在与饮食失调和健康问题作斗争，最终导致她接受了手术。A. normally通常；B. ultimately最终；C. suddenly突然；D. automatically自动地。根据上文“She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”以及下文“led her to getting surgery”可推知，此处指健康问题最终导致手术。故选B。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那次经历之后，她知道她需要做出改变。A. change改变；B. fortune幸运；C. wish愿望；D. deal交易。根据上文“led her to getting surgery”及后文“turn her life around”可推知，此处指她经历过手术后领悟到了自己需要改变。故选A。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她发现了对举重的热爱。A. risky有风险的；B. traditional传统的；C. comfortable舒适的；D. healthy健康的。根据上文“Ms Donohue began to work out”可推知，此处指她选择健康的生活方式。故选D。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她发现了对举重的热爱。A. demand要求；B. secret秘密；C. passion激情，热情；D. cure疗法、药物。根据上文“Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 5 lifestyle”以及下文的“for weightlifting”可推知，此处指她积极锻炼身体，对举重产生了热情，a passion for sth.意为“对某事充满热情”。故选C。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. peace和平；B. fitness健身；C. fun乐趣；D. nature自然。根据下文“workout content”可推知，此处指她是健身爱好者。故选B。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. grow形成，产生；B. control控制；C. activate激活；D. relax放松。根据下文“an impressive set of muscles”可推知，此处指她练出肌肉，即产生肌肉。故选A。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理由不能看起来这么好。A. need需要；B. choice选择；C. reason理由；D. difference差异。根据上文“no”以及下文“others can’t look this good”可推知，此处指她认为自己可以做到，没有理由别人不能做到。故选C。 50．考查名词短语辨析。句意：坚持下去：把失败当作通往成功的垫脚石，永不放弃。A. green light绿灯；B. road block路障；C. passing mark通过标志；D. stepping stone踏脚石。结合语境，再根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 9 others can’t look this good.”和“failure as a”以及下文“to success”可推知，此处指失败是成功的垫脚石。故选D。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：帮助他人：在你的旅程中激励他人。A. Help帮助；B. Consult咨询；C. Follow遵循；D. Forgive原谅。根据下文“Lift others up”可推知，此处指她提倡帮助他人。故选A。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：分享成功更甜蜜。A. accepted接受；B. shared共享；C. expected期待；D. celebrated庆祝。根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no  ___9___  others can’t look this good.”可知，这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理由不能看起来这么好，由此可知，此处指的是成功在分享时更甜蜜。故选B。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她此前曾解释道：“你无需拥有完美身材才能锻炼……锻炼的目标是让自己感觉良好，而非看起来好看。”A. goal目标；B. case案例；C. duty责任；D. cost成本。根据上文“you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise”以及下文“is to feel good, not look good.”可推知，此处指运动的目标是感觉良好。故选A。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. instructors讲师；B. admirers爱慕者；C. beginners初学者；D. doubters持怀疑态度的人。根据上文“Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the”以及下文“wrong in the best possible way”可推知，此处指Donohue女士用自己的方式证明怀疑者错了。故选D。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. authority权威；B. excuse借口；C. inspiration灵感；D. option选项。根据语境以及下文“or many social media users”可知，一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，这对其他人来说就是励志的典范，由此可知，此处指她成为许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。故选C。 Passage 3 【2025浙江1月卷】 Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 41 . A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her 42 to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes 43 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties. Ribeiro 44 €35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for 45 her hobby of buying food, 46 new recipes and holding dinner parties. “It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 47 new people,” said Ribeiro. Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 48 her native home; other times she 49 dinner courses with her favorite beers. The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as 50 to a restaurant where the service is 51 , the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no 52 . “But it’s also a great 53 , for it can sometimes take days to 54 a single event,” Ribeiro said. “This platform is not only 55 for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.” 41．A．reading B．traveling C．cooking D．teaching 42．A．hobby B．energy C．education D．money 43．A．coworkers B．students C．relatives D．strangers 44．A．pays B．charges C．owes D．raises 45．A．pursuing B．choosing C．discussing D．changing 46．A．passing on B．trying out C．going over D．taking down 47．A．hire B．help C．meet D．train 48．A．in addition to B．in return for C．in honor of D．in line with 49．A．replaces B．tastes C．orders D．pairs 50．A．opposed B．related C．subject D．vital 51．A．invaluable B．impersonal C．unsuitable D．unprofessional 52．A．surprise B．end C．need D．problem 53．A．lesson B．pleasure C．success D．challenge 54．A．celebrate B．record C．attend D．organise 55．A．selected B．reserved C．evaluated D．Requested 一、文章体裁 记叙文（人物生活类）。 以布鲁塞尔教师 Manuela Ribeiro 在美食社交平台组织家宴的经历为线索，讲述她将烹饪爱好发展成特色社交活动的故事，属于生活纪实类记叙文。 二、文章大意 30 岁的教师 Manuela Ribeiro 热爱烹饪，她通过 Bookalokal 平台，每周两次在自己布鲁塞尔的公寓里招待陌生人享用家宴，每人收费 35 欧元，通常提供三道菜，用餐时长可达三小时。这一平台让她得以尽情追求美食爱好、尝试新食谱、举办晚宴，同时结识新朋友。她时而做巴西传统家乡菜，时而将菜品与喜爱的啤酒搭配。相比程式化、节奏固定的餐厅，这种模式更自由，但也颇具挑战，一场活动往往要花好几天筹备。该平台不只面向专业厨师，也适合愿意体验新鲜事物的普通人。 三、篇章结构 全文按 “介绍爱好 — 开展实践 — 感受对比 — 总结评价” 的脉络展开，层次清晰： 第一段：人物与爱好引入 介绍 Manuela 热爱烹饪，并通过社交平台在家举办晚宴。 第二段：运营模式与初衷 说明收费标准，以及借此追求美食爱好的初衷。 第三段：家宴特色 分享她借家宴传递美食热情、结识新人，并灵活搭配菜品。 第四段：与传统餐厅对比 强调这种模式更自由，不受刻板服务流程限制。 第五段：挑战与平台定位 坦言筹备不易，并指出平台面向所有爱好者而非仅专业厨师。 四、考查题型 41 题：名词词义辨析题（核心爱好主题匹配） 42 题：名词词义辨析题（爱好利用语境） 43 题：名词词义辨析题（社交对象身份） 44 题：动词词义辨析题（收费场景用词） 45 题：动词词义辨析题（追求爱好表达） 46 题：动词短语辨析题（尝试新食谱语境） 47 题：动词词义辨析题（结识新人场景） 48 题：介词短语辨析题（纪念家乡菜品搭配） 49 题：动词词义辨析题（菜品与饮品搭配） 50 题：形容词 / 动词辨析题（与…… 对比固定搭配） 51 题：形容词词义辨析题（餐厅服务缺乏人情味） 52 题：名词词义辨析题（用餐时长限制） 53 题：名词词义辨析题（活动存在的挑战） 54 题：动词词义辨析题（筹备组织活动） 55 题：动词词义辨析题（平台为某人预留 / 适用） 五、题目详解 【答案】 41．C 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．A 46．B 47．C 48．C 49．D 50．A 51．B 52．A 53．D 54．D 55．B 41．考查名词词义辨析：句意：Manuela Ribeiro有一种健康的癖好。那就是烹饪。A. reading阅读；B. traveling旅行；C. cooking烹饪；D. teaching教学。根据下文“She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes 　　3　　　 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties”可知，她现在在Bookalokal网站上提供晚餐聚会服务，由此推知她的嗜好是烹饪。故选C。 42．考查名词词义辨析：句意：几个月前，这位30岁的老师决定是时候好好利用她的爱好了。A. hobby爱好；B. energy精力；C. education教育；D. money钱。根据上文“Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 1 .”可知，她的爱好是烹饪，此处指好好利用她的烹饪爱好。故选A。 43．考查名词词义辨析：句意：她在Bookalokal 网站上注册了，现在每周两次欢迎陌生人到她布鲁塞尔的公寓来参加晚宴。A. coworkers同事；B. students学生；C. relatives亲戚；D. strangers陌生人。根据下文“It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 　　7 　　 new people”可知，这是一个分享她对食物的热爱和结识新朋友的好机会，由此推知她欢迎陌生人到她的公寓参加晚宴。故选D。 44．考查动词词义辨析：句意：对于通常一顿可能持续长达三个小时的三道菜的晚餐，Ribeiro向每人收取35欧元。A. pays支付；B. charges收费；C. owes欠；D. raises提高，筹集。根据下文“€35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal”可知，这是Manuela Ribeiro为客人提供的晚餐的收费标准，即每人收费35欧元。故选B。 45．考查动词词义辨析：句意：对Ribeiro来说，这已经成为她追求购买食材、尝试新食谱以及举办晚宴这些爱好的一个完美平台。A. pursuing追求；B. choosing选择；C. discussing讨论；D. changing改变。根据上文“Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 1 .”可知，Manuela Ribeiro热爱烹饪，所以此处想表达的是“追求她购买食材的爱好”。故选A。 46．考查动词短语辨析：句意：对Ribeiro来说，这已经成为她追求购买食材、尝试新食谱以及举办晚宴这些爱好的一个完美平台。A. passing on传递；B. trying out尝试；C. going over复习；D. taking down记下。根据下文“new recipes”可知，此处表示尝试新食谱。故选B。 47．考查动词词义辨析：句意：“这是一个分享我对食物的热情以及结识新朋友的好机会。” Ribeiro说。A. hire雇佣；B. help帮助；C. meet遇见，结识；D. train训练。根据下文“This platform is not only 　　15　　for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.”可知，这个平台不仅适合专业厨师，也适合那些愿意探索新体验的人，由此可推测出Manuela Ribeiro通过这个平台可以认识新朋友。故选C。 48．考查介词短语辨析。句意：有时她准备传统的巴西菜肴，以纪念她的祖国；有时她会用她最喜欢的啤酒搭配晚餐。A. in addition to除……外（还）；B. in return for作为……的回报；C. in honor of为了纪念；D. in line with符合。根据下文“her native home”以及语境可知，为了纪念她的祖国，Ribeiro会准备传统的巴西菜肴。故选C。 49．考查动词词义辨析：句意：有时她会按照她的家乡巴西的传统准备传统的巴西菜肴；有时她会把晚餐菜肴和她最喜欢的啤酒搭配起来。A. replaces代替；B. tastes品尝；C. orders订购；D. pairs配对，搭配。根据下文“dinner courses with her favorite beers”可知，此处表示用Ribeiro最喜欢的啤酒搭配晚餐。故选D。 50．考查形容词词义辨析：句意：这个平台让Ribeiro能够非常自由地实现她的梦想，与餐馆形成对比，在餐馆里服务是没有人情味的，菜单是提前知道的，而且人们期望用餐过程中没有惊喜。A. opposed相反的，对立的；B. related相关的；C. subject受…… 支配的；D. vital至关重要的。根据下文“to a restaurant where the service is”可知，此处是将在平台上做饭和开餐厅进行对比，表示两者是相反的。故选A。 51．考查形容词词义辨析：句意：这个平台让Ribeiro能够非常自由地实现她的梦想，与餐馆形成对比，在餐馆里服务是没有人情味的，菜单是提前知道的，而且人们期望用餐过程中没有惊喜。A. invaluable无价的；B. impersonal没有人情味的；C. unsuitable不合适的；D. unprofessional不专业的。根据下文“the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no 　　12　　”可知，菜单是提前知道的，而且饭菜没有什么惊喜，说明餐厅的服务是没有人情味的。故选B。 52．考查名词词义辨析：句意：这个平台让Ribeiro能够非常自由地实现她的梦想，与餐馆形成对比，在餐馆里服务是没有人情味的，菜单是提前知道的，而且人们期望用餐过程中没有惊喜。A. surprise惊喜；B. end结束；C. need需要；D. problem问题。根据上文“the menu is known in advance”可知，菜单是提前知道的，由此推知饭菜没有什么惊喜。故选A。 53．考查名词词义辨析：句意：“但这也是一个很大的挑战，因为有时组织一场活动可能需要好几天的时间。” Ribeiro说。A. lesson教训；B. pleasure快乐；C. success成功；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“it can sometimes take days to 　　14　　 a single event”可知，有时组织一个活动可能需要几天的时间，这是一件具有挑战性的事情。故选D。 54．考查动词词义辨析：句意：“但这也是一个很大的挑战，因为有时组织一场活动可能需要好几天的时间。” Ribeiro说。A. celebrate庆祝；B. record记录；C. attend参加；D. organise组织。根据下文“a single event”可知，此处指组织一个活动。故选D。 55．考查动词词义辨析：句意：“这个平台不仅是为专业厨师保留的，也是为那些愿意发现新体验的人准备的。”A. selected选择；B. reserved保留；C. evaluated评估；D. requested请求。根据下文“for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences”可知，这个平台不仅为专业厨师保留，而且也为那些愿意发现新体验的人保留，应用be reserved for。故选B。 Part two 总结规律 精准备考 一、完形填空文章特点 （一）核心特征 核心：上下文语境 + 词汇辨析 + 逻辑连贯（考查语言综合运用能力，而非单纯词汇记忆） 本质：一篇有完整情节/逻辑的短文（记叙文、说明文、议论文为主，记叙文占比最高，约60%-70%），挖空15-20个词，需结合语境、逻辑、词汇搭配补全，使文章语义连贯、语法正确。 （二）文章体裁及特点 1. 记叙文（高频） 对象：人物经历、生活故事、情感感悟、突发事件 线索：时间顺序、事件发展顺序、情感变化线索（喜→悲、迷茫→坚定等） 主题：传递正能量（感恩、坚持、善良、成长、挫折、温情等） 结构：开端（介绍人物/背景）→ 发展（事件过程）→ 高潮（转折/关键事件）→ 结局（感悟/启示） 重点：人物动作、情感、上下文因果/转折关系，词汇的情感色彩适配。 2. 说明文（中频） 对象：科技发明、文化习俗、科普知识、生活常识、产品介绍 线索：逻辑顺序（因果、递进、总分），侧重客观说明 主题：介绍事物特征、解释原理、说明用途 重点：专业词汇搭配、逻辑连接词、上下文语义对应，语言严谨客观。 3. 议论文（低频） 对象：人生哲理、社会现象、观点探讨 线索：论点→论据→结论，逻辑推理脉络清晰 主题：表达作者观点、驳斥错误观点、传递人生态度 重点：论点与论据的对应、逻辑连接词、观点词的情感倾向，词汇的严谨性。 （三）共性特点 1. 上下文关联性极强：每个空的答案都能在前后文找到线索（同义、反义、因果、转折、指代等），无孤立空格； 2. 词汇考查侧重“语境化辨析”：高频考查动词、名词、形容词、副词，以及固定搭配、熟词生义、近义词辨析； 3. 语法隐含在语境中：不单独考查语法，但需符合语法规则（时态、语态、主谓一致、从句引导词等）； 4. 逻辑严谨：转折、因果、并列、递进、让步等逻辑关系是解题核心，贯穿全文； 5. 情感/态度一致：记叙文侧重情感连贯，议论文/说明文侧重态度/逻辑一致，选项需贴合文章整体基调。 二、通用解题步骤（适配所有体裁） 1. 通读全文，把握主旨（30-60秒）：不看选项，快速读全文，重点读首段（交代背景/主旨）、尾段（总结/感悟），中间段落读首尾句，理清文章脉络、情感基调、核心话题，避免“断章取义”； 2. 逐空分析，初选答案（2-3分钟）：结合上下文线索，优先填“有明显线索”的空（如逻辑词、固定搭配、指代明确的空），不确定的空标记跳过，不纠结单个空格； 3. 复读全文，核对修正（1-2分钟）：把初选答案代入原文，通读全文，检查语义是否连贯、逻辑是否通顺、语法是否正确、词汇搭配是否合理，修正不确定的空； 4. 代入验证，确定答案（30秒）：重点核对标记的空格，结合全文基调，排除明显不合理的选项，确保“上下文呼应、逻辑一致、情感连贯”。 三、核心解题技巧（按考点分类，适配所有体裁） 1. 语境线索法（最核心，占比70%） 核心：每个空的答案都隐藏在前后文的语境中，找准“线索词/句”是关键，无需依赖固定搭配，优先结合语境判断。 常见线索类型： （1）同义线索：前后文出现与空格意思相近的词/短语，如前文“happy”，空格可能填“joyful”“pleased”； （2）反义线索：前后文出现与空格意思相反的词/短语，多伴随转折词（but/however/yet/on the contrary），如前文“difficult”，空格可能填“easy”“simple”； （3）因果线索：由because/so/thus/therefore/as a result等逻辑词引导，因果互推，如前文“it rained heavily”，空格可能填“canceled”（活动取消）； （4）指代线索：空格处为代词（it/this/that/they/one），90%往前找最近的名词/短语/句子，确定指代对象，如前文“the book”，空格填“it”； （5）顺承线索：前后文语义顺承，无转折，如前文“open the door”，空格可能填“walk in”（走进来）； （6）情感线索：结合文章整体情感基调（积极/消极/中性），排除与情感不符的选项，如记叙文讲“感恩”，优先选褒义词汇（grateful/thankful）。 2. 词汇辨析法（高频考点，占比20%） 核心：侧重“语境化辨析”，而非单纯记忆词义，重点区分近义词、形近词、熟词生义，结合词性、搭配、情感色彩判断。 高频考查词汇类型及辨析技巧： （1）动词辨析：侧重“动作的逻辑适配”，结合主语、宾语、上下文动作顺序判断，如“look”（看，侧重动作）、“see”（看见，侧重结果）、“watch”（观看，侧重持续动作）； （2）名词辨析：侧重“语义匹配”，结合上下文话题，如“problem”（需要解决的问题）、“question”（需要回答的问题）、“issue”（重大/复杂的问题）； （3）形容词/副词辨析：侧重“情感色彩、程度差异”，如“happy”（开心，普通程度）、“delighted”（欣喜，程度更深）、“overjoyed”（狂喜，程度最强）；“hard”（努力地，侧重动作）、“hardly”（几乎不，表否定）； （4）熟词生义：高频考点，如“book”（动词，预订）、“charge”（动词，充电/收费）、“break”（名词，休息），需结合语境判断词性和含义； （5）固定搭配：无需死记硬背，结合语境验证，如“take care of”（照顾）、“in terms of”（就……而言）、“devote...to...”（致力于），注意搭配的词性适配（如devote后接to doing）。 3. 逻辑连接词法（解题突破口） 核心：逻辑连接词直接决定上下文的关系，空格前后的逻辑的关系，直接锁定答案方向，无需过度分析。 高频逻辑连接词及对应关系： （1）转折关系（前后语义相反）：but、however、yet、on the contrary、nevertheless，如空格前“easy”，空格可能填“difficult”； （2）因果关系（前后因果互推）：because、since、as、for、so、thus、therefore、as a result、due to，如空格前“ill”，空格可能填“absent”（缺席）； （3）并列关系（前后语义相近/一致）：and、or、also、besides、in addition、as well as，如空格前“kind”，空格可能填“warm-hearted”； （4）递进关系（前后语义递进，程度加深）：furthermore、what’s more、besides、even，如空格前“good”，空格可能填“excellent”； （5）让步关系（前后语义转折，但语气较弱）：though、although、even if、even though，如“Though he was tired, he kept working”； （6）条件关系（前后为条件与结果）：if、unless、as long as，如“if you work hard, you will succeed”。 4. 语法适配法（隐含考点，避免出错） 核心：完形填空不单独考查语法，但所有答案需符合语法规则，重点关注时态、语态、主谓一致、从句引导词、非谓语动词等。 高频语法考点： （1）时态一致：全文时态统一（多为一般过去时、一般现在时），结合上下文动作发生的时间判断，如前文用“said”，空格动词用过去式； （2）主谓一致：主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数，如“the team”（单数）后接“is”，“the teams”（复数）后接“are”； （3）从句引导词：定语从句、状语从句的引导词，结合从句类型和上下文语义判断，如定语从句修饰人用“who/whom”，修饰物用“which/that”； （4）非谓语动词：doing（主动/进行）、done（被动/完成）、to do（目的/将来），结合逻辑主语和动作关系判断，如“the broken window”（被动，窗户被打破）； （5）代词一致：代词的人称、数、格需与指代对象一致，如指代女性用“she/her”，指代复数名词用“they/them”。 5. 排除法（快速锁定答案，提高效率） 核心：对于不确定的空格，先排除明显不合理的选项，缩小选择范围，再结合语境验证。 常见排除角度： （1）情感不符：排除与文章整体情感基调相反的选项； （2）语法错误：排除不符合时态、主谓一致、搭配规则的选项； （3）语义脱节：排除与上下文语义无关联、逻辑断裂的选项； （4）重复冗余：排除与前后文内容重复、语义冗余的选项； （5）固定搭配错误：排除不符合固定搭配的选项（如“devote to do”为错误搭配，直接排除）。 四、不同体裁专项技巧（针对性突破） （一）记叙文完形（高频） 1. 抓“情感线”：重点关注人物的情感变化（如从sad→happy、confused→clear），选项需贴合情感变化； 2. 抓“动作线”：理清事件发展顺序（开端→发展→高潮→结局），动作需符合逻辑（如“起床→穿衣→洗漱”）； 3. 抓“细节线索”：人物的语言、动作、心理描写，都是解题的关键线索，如“he smiled”暗示情感积极； 4. 注意“连接词”：but、so、then等词，往往是情节转折或推进的标志，对应答案的逻辑变化。 （二）说明文完形（中频） 1. 抓“说明对象”：全文围绕一个核心说明对象展开，所有选项需贴合说明对象的特征、用途、原理； 2. 抓“逻辑顺序”：因果、递进、总分等逻辑关系明显，重点关注逻辑连接词，锁定答案； 3. 注意“专业词汇”：遇到科普、科技类专业词汇，无需纠结词义，结合上下文逻辑推断，重点看其在文中的作用； 4. 保持“客观基调”：说明文语言严谨客观，避免选择情感色彩过于强烈的选项（如夸张、贬义词汇）。 （三）议论文完形（低频） 1. 抓“中心论点”：首段或尾段往往提出中心论点，所有选项需围绕论点展开，贴合作者观点； 2. 抓“论据与论点的对应”：论据是支撑论点的，空格需体现论据与论点的逻辑关系（如举例、因果、对比）； 3. 注意“观点词”：argue、hold、think、consider等词，明确作者或他人的观点，选项需贴合观点倾向； 4. 逻辑严谨性：避免选择逻辑断裂、与论点无关的选项，确保全文围绕论点展开，逻辑连贯。 五、高频易错点（坑点避雷，重点规避） 1. 脱离语境，仅凭词义做题：忽略上下文线索，直接选“认识的词”或“词义相近的词”，忽略语义适配性（最常见错题原因）； 2. 过度纠结单个空格，忽略全文连贯：在一个不确定的空格上死磕，浪费时间，且容易导致后续空格判断失误； 3. 忽视逻辑连接词：未注意but、so、however等词，导致逻辑判断错误，选反答案； 4. 熟词生义掌握不足：只记词汇常用含义，忽略语境中的生义，导致判断失误（如“course”表“航线、课程”，而非仅“过程”）； 5. 固定搭配记忆不灵活：死记硬背搭配，忽略语境适配，如“take place”（发生，无被动），误选“is taken place”； 6. 语法细节失误：忽略时态、主谓一致、代词一致，导致语法错误（如主语为单数，误选复数谓语）； 7. 情感基调判断错误：记叙文忽略人物情感变化，议论文忽略作者观点倾向，选与基调不符的选项； 8. 指代对象判断错误：代词（it/this/that）指代对象找错，导致答案偏离上下文。 六、备考策略（针对性突破，高效提分） 1. 刷题方向（精准发力） 只刷：近3-5年高考真题完形填空（优先刷全国卷、新高考卷），按体裁分类刷（先刷记叙文，再刷说明文、议论文）； 频率：每周3-5篇，每篇限时15分钟（符合考场时间），同一篇文章刷2遍：第一遍限时做题，第二遍精读分析，重点标注“线索词、逻辑关系、错题错因”； 额外练习：精读真题完形的原文，积累高频词汇、熟词生义、固定搭配，分析长难句（重点关注逻辑类长难句）。 2. 词汇积累（核心突破） （1）重点积累：完形高频近义词辨析（如see/look/watch/notice；problem/question/issue）、熟词生义（如book/charge/break）、固定搭配（主谓搭配、动宾搭配、介词搭配）； （2）积累方法：每做完一篇完形，整理文中的高频词、易错词，标注语境中的含义和搭配，每天花10分钟背诵，避免孤立记忆； （3）优先级：动词、名词、形容词、副词（高频考查）→ 介词、连词（逻辑连接）→ 代词、数词（语法适配）。 3. 长难句突破（扫清障碍） 每天分析2句真题完形中的长难句（优先选逻辑类长难句），步骤如下： 第一步：找主干（主语+谓语+宾语），跳过定语、状语、插入语等修饰成分； 第二步：划逻辑连接词，分析句子之间的因果、转折、递进关系； 第三步：翻译通顺，明确句子在文中的作用（交代背景、表达观点、描述动作）； 提示：长难句理解透彻后，能快速找到上下文线索，避免因句子看不懂导致的错题。 4. 错题整理模板（必做，高效复盘） 原题空格→ 上下文线索词/句 → 错误选项错因（如：脱离语境、逻辑判断错误、熟词生义不了解、语法错误）→ 正确选项解析（语境适配、逻辑关系、搭配/语法）→ 积累相关词汇/搭配； 额外补充：标注文章体裁、核心线索、情感基调，每周复盘1次错题，避免重复犯错，坚持2-3周，正确率会显著提升。 5. 考场时间控制（高效得分） 1篇完形填空空：10-12分钟（不宜过长，避免占用阅读、写作时间）； 时间分配：通读全文（30-60秒）→ 逐空初选（6-8分钟）→ 复读修正（2-3分钟）→ 验证答案（30秒）； 技巧：遇到不确定的空格，标记后跳过，先做有明显线索的空，做完后结合全文语境，回头修正标记空格，不纠结单个空格；若时间紧张，优先保证已确定的空格正确，不确定的空优先选与语境贴合的选项。 七、万能答题口诀（适配所有体裁） 通读全文抓主旨，语境线索是核心。 逻辑连接找关系，词汇辨析看语境。 语法适配不犯错，排除技巧缩范围。 记叙文里抓情感，说明文里看特征。 议论文中找论点，复读验证保连贯。 坑点避雷不踩错，完形高分稳拿捏。 八、高考英语完形填空高频词汇及搭配表 1. 高频动词及搭配 1. 表示“情感”：express（表达）、feel（感觉）、realize（意识到）、appreciate（感激）、admire（赞赏）、regret（后悔）、disappoint（失望）； 2. 表示“动作”：take（拿、采取）、make（使、做）、get（得到、变得）、put（放）、set（设置、开始）、keep（保持）、hold（持有、坚持）、carry（携带、执行）； 3. 高频搭配：take care of（照顾）、make a decision（做决定）、get along with（与……相处）、put up（张贴、举起）、keep up with（跟上）、hold on（坚持、等一下）、carry out（执行）、devote...to...（致力于）、look forward to（期待）。 2. 高频名词及搭配 1. 表示“情感/态度”：joy（喜悦）、sadness（悲伤）、surprise（惊讶）、disappointment（失望）、hope（希望）、confidence（信心）、determination（决心）； 2. 表示“事物/概念”：problem（问题）、question（问题）、solution（解决方案）、experience（经历、经验）、opportunity（机会）、challenge（挑战）、advantage（优势）、disadvantage（劣势）； 3. 高频搭配：a sense of（一种……感）、take advantage of（利用）、in terms of（就……而言）、a chance to do（做……的机会）、the key to（……的关键）。、 3. 高频形容词/副词及辨析 1. 褒义（积极）：happy（开心的）、delighted（欣喜的）、grateful（感激的）、confident（自信的）、brave（勇敢的）、kind（善良的）、excellent（优秀的）； 2. 贬义（消极）：sad（悲伤的）、disappointed（失望的）、worried（担忧的）、nervous（紧张的）、selfish（自私的）、cruel（残忍的）； 3. 中性：important（重要的）、necessary（必要的）、possible（可能的）、difficult（困难的）、simple（简单的）； 4. 副词辨析：hard（努力地）/hardly（几乎不）、too（也，肯定句末）/either（也，否定句末）、very（非常，修饰形容词/副词）/much（非常，修饰比较级）。 4. 高频逻辑连接词（必背） 转折：but、however、yet、on the contrary、nevertheless； 因果：because、since、as、for、so、thus、therefore、as a result、due to、owing to； 并列：and、or、also、besides、in addition、as well as； 递进：furthermore、what’s more、even、besides； 让步：though、although、even if、even though； 条件：if、unless、as long as； 指代/总结：that is、in other words、in short、all in all。 5. 熟词生义高频词（重点积累） 1. book：n. 书 → v. 预订； 2. charge：v. 充电、收费 → n. 费用、负责； 3. break：v. 打破 → n. 休息； 4. course：n. 课程 → n. 航线、过程； 5. present：adj. 现在的 → v. 赠送、呈现 → n. 礼物； 6. work：v. 工作 → v. 起作用； 7. miss：v. 想念 → v. 错过； 8. plant：n. 植物 → v. 种植、放置。 九、错误选项特征速记表（适配完形填空，精准避雷） 1. 脱离语境：选项词义正确，但与上下文线索、情感基调、逻辑关系无关，仅凭词义无法贴合语境（最常见错项）； 2. 语义相反：与上下文线索（同义、因果）相反，多因忽略逻辑连接词导致； 3. 语法错误：时态、主谓一致、搭配、代词一致错误，如“is taken place”“devote to do”； 4. 熟词生义误判：只记词汇常用含义，忽略语境中的生义，导致选项与语义不符； 5. 搭配不当：动词与宾语、形容词与名词、介词与名词搭配错误，如“make a decision”误选“do a decision”； 6. 情感不符：选项情感色彩与文章整体基调、人物情感变化相反，如记叙文讲“感恩”，选“ungrateful”； 7. 指代错误：代词选项指代对象与上下文不一致，如指代“book”，选“they”； 8. 逻辑断裂：选项与上下文无因果、转折、并列等逻辑关系，语义脱节，无法合理衔接； 9. 重复冗余：选项与前后文内容重复，语义冗余，如前文已说“happy”，空格再选“joyful”（无上下文递进关系）； 10. 语义模糊：选项词义过于宽泛，无法精准贴合上下文，如上下文明确说“开心”，选“good”（语义模糊，不如“happy”精准）。 考场快速排除口诀（适配完形填空） 脱离语境先排除，语义相反看逻辑。 语法错误直接划，搭配不当不选它。 情感不符要避开，指代错误别乱猜。 逻辑断裂无关联，重复冗余不可选。 熟词生义看语境，精准贴合才可行 第 1 页 共 33 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完形填空（原卷版） Part one 三年高考英语真题复现 2023年 Passage 1 【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a ____23____ across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____24____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____25____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____26____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____27____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____ attention. Once there, Lenoue was ____29____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme ____30____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more ____31____ about why her act is considered a big ____32____. “She was just crying. I couldn’t ____33____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the ____34____, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the ____35____ of human kindness won the day. 21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished 22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse 23. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor 24. A. race B. school C. town D. training 25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised 26. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice 27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down 28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal 29. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated 30. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness 31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged 32. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal 33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand 34. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show 35. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange Passage 2 【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】 In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight ___21___. They could not afford to pay for ___22___ for their dog, Tiffy, and ___23___ wanted to take her with them. It just ___24___ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___25___ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to ___26___ Tiffy. When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very ___27___. George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___28___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___29___ and trust that everything would _____30_____. After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me _____31_____ Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and _____32_____ them as soon as we got to Kansas City. The flight was _____33_____, and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she _____34_____ with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so _____35_____ and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again. 21. A. turn B. budget C. schedule D. connection 22. A. food B. shelter C. medicine D. transportation 23. A. desperately B. temporarily C. secretly D. originally 24. A. appeared B. proved C. happened D. showed 25. A. waited B. offered C. hurried D. failed 26. A. see off B. look for C. hand over D. pick up 27. A. confused B. nervous C. annoyed D. curious 28. A. hard B. fine C. common D. lucky 29. A. coworker B. passenger C. stranger D. neighbor 30. A. speed up B. work out C. come back D. take off 31. A. feed B. follow C. change D. load 32. A. call B. join C. leave D. serve 33. A. unnecessary B. unexpected C. unavoidable D. uneventful 34. A. returned B. fought C. flew D. agreed 35. A. thankful B. generous C. proud D. sympathetic Passage3 【2023年浙江1月卷】 The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 41 a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the 42 . Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 43 . I 44 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 45 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 47 . He stopped every few minutes to move the 48 higher up the tree trunk. 49 , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he 50 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d 51 the trunk and was back on the ground. It was too 52 to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed 53 . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were 54 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right 55 to go back up. 41．A．share B．collect C．celebrate D．witness 42．A．courtyards B．fields C．treetops D．caves 43．A．urgent B．dangerous C．expensive D．pointless 44．A．searched B．recognised C．followed D．invited 45．A．gathered B．cleaned C．dropped D．checked 46．A．shook B．lit C．measured D．decorated 47．A．jumping B．talking C．testing D．climbing 48．A．hives B．leaves C．rope D．honey 49．A．Finally B．Surprisingly C．Naturally D．Immediately 50．A．backed B．dived C．shouted D．inched 51．A．cut off B．gone up C．slid down D．held onto 52．A．high B．early C．fast D．close 53．A．hatching B．training C．sowing D．trading 54．A．curious B．hungry C．bored D．angry 55．A．moment B．equipment C．person D．order Passage4 【2023年全国甲卷】 Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we ___21___ there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike ___22___ its way down the hill toward us. It was ___23___ called Mario, coming to ___24___ us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice ___25___ for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were ___26___ because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, ___27___ things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it. These can’t be any ___28___, we thought. But we were ___29___ his kindness, so we ___30___ them. What we discovered is that it’s ___31___ to judge what you eat only by its ___32___. Those tomatoes had ___33___ that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes ___34___ perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to have a ___35___ memory of those. It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can ___36___ them easily. Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was ___37___. It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re ___38___, and as close as possible to where they were ___39___. What Mario had ___40___ us was the taste of the Garfagnana. 21. A. waited B. met C. camped D. stayed 22. A. making B. searching C. squeezing D. feeling 23. A. customer B. neighbor C. relative D. passenger 24. A. lend B. send C. bring D. show 25. A. choice B. comment C. promise D. gesture 26. A. worried B. moved C. thrilled D. bored 27. A. simple B. real C. shiny D. fun 28. A. more B. good C. new D. easy 29. A. sympathetic to B. thankful for C. cautious about D. interested in 30. A. tried B. sold C. returned D. mixed 31. A. unnecessary B. uncertain C. unwise D. unusual 32. A. appearance B. quality C. origin D. price 33. A. size B. shape C. color D. taste 34. A. smell B. look C. become D. work 35 A. happy B. vivid C. short D. vague 36. A. clean B. check C. count D. pack 37. A. perfect B. useful C. convenient D. familiar 38. A. on view B. on sale C. in season D. in need 39. A. finished B. stored C. found D. grown 40. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told Passage 5 【2023年全国乙卷】 To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she ____21____ best. She had to ___22___ her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say ____23____ to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to ____24____ waves on her board. But it was ____25____ to take the leap (飞跃), however ____26____ it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So she ____27____ about 1,200 miles away from home, to ____28____ with a coach from China. She lived with a family she had never ____29____ and everything was new to her. As it turned out Douglas did ____30____ what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she ____31____two Russians. The Chinese coach ____32____ Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the ____33____, helping her skyrocket from an ____34____ member of the national team to the top of the sport. By ____35____ the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She ____36____ the competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt ____37____ all along that she would win. Not so long ago, Martha Karoly the coordinator (联络人) of the women’s national team, did not think Douglas had what it ____38____ to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought ____39____ that she could make the London Games-and win. “I’m going to inspire so many people,” she said. “I’m ready to ____40____.” And shine she did. 21. A. tried B. thought C. judged D. knew 22. A. take up B. pack up C. clean up D. do up 23. A. goodbye B. hello C. thanks D. no 24. A. cause B. observe C. ride D. strike 25. A. common B. time C. fun D. tough 26. A. breathtaking B. heartbreaking C. eye-catching D. head-spinning 27. A. dropped out B. moved on C. pulled over D. went off 28. A. reason B. talk C. compete D. train 29. A. met B. helped C. understood D. needed 30. A. approximately B. gradually C. exactly D. possibly 31. A. defeated B. pleased C. respected D. assisted 32. A. forced B. transformed C. persuaded D. put 33. A. world B. city C. team D. state 34. A. amateur B. elected C. average D. enthusiastic 35. A. clarifying B. defending C. winning D. demanding 36. A. followed B. organized C. watched D. led 37. A. confident B. nervous C. excited D. uneasy 38. A. viewed B. appeared C. mattered D. took 39. A. now and then B. more and more C. far and wide D. on and on 40. A. shine B. fly C. dance D. score 2024年 Passage 1 【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】 I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievement s all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ____41____ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running ____42____, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ____43____ for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I ____44____ it! Between the girl making my ____45____ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only ____46____ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I ____47____ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I ____48____ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I ____49____ her bike and went for a ride. The ____50____: The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such ____51____. That day, I got ____52____ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ____53____. I’ve ____54____ a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever ____55____ I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit 42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently 43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training 44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved 45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence 46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason 47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with 48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved 49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked 50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice 51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges 52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped 53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing 54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried 55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests Passage 2 【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】 When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to ___21___, Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I ___22___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to ___23___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___24___ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language ___25___. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how ___26___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___27___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small ___28___ of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ___29___ quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional ____30____, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families ____31____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ____32____. These meals are always ____33____ by laughter and joy. Whatever ____34____ life in Italy might have, the problems are ____35____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 21. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle 22. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened 23. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match 24. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised 25. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test 26. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed 27. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order 28. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties 29. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth 30. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale 31. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait 32. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for 33. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied 34. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities 35. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified Passage 3 【2024浙江1月卷】 While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful ____21____ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man ____22____ me on the train. My ____23____ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the ____24____ to practice my Chinese. Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had ____25____ a two-year professional school to quickly find a job ____26____ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most ____27____, however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would ____28____ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American ____29____ as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I ____30____ him asking at one point. It would have been easy to ____31____ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, ____32____ , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he ____33____ me just how much one can gain from ____34____ with an open mind, and a willingness to ____35____ with locals from all walks of life. 21. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment 22. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached 23. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost 24. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right 25. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded 26. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding 27. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable 28. A. publish B. quote C. сорy D. download 29. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students 30. A anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch 31. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with 32. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated 33. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised 34. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching 35 A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage 2025年 Passage 1 【2025全国一卷】 One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding. My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 41 the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the 42 we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to 43 our supposedly important objects. That left a house still 44 with things that, while not particularly 45 , didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场). I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional 46 , another asking for a price cut. As our 47 day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it. The 48 : “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase. 49 , I posted more. My daily posts and the 50 I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to 51 the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have 52 . I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 53 that share our small space. I take 54 in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is 55 something that couldn’t come with us. 41．A．painting over B．looking around C．emptying out D．pulling down 42．A．hotel B．office C．cottage D．apartment 43．A．store B．display C．sell D．repair 44．A．covered B．decorated C．stuffed D．equipped 45．A．conventional B．valuable C．complicated D．tolerable 46．A．fees B．photos C．receipts D．models 47．A．move B．pay C．market D．work 48．A．warning B．request C．description D．reply 49．A．Confused B．Interested C．Disappointed D．Encouraged 50．A．visits B．reports C．advice D．money 51．A．remove B．spare C．find D．check 52．A．investigated B．recognized C．encountered D．recommended 53．A．giveaways B．posts C．contributions D．belongings 54．A．joy B．part C．care D．time 55．A．anticipating B．appreciating C．delivering D．withdrawing Passage 2 【2025全国二卷】 Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41 seven years ago after having a 42 call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43 led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 44 . Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 45 lifestyle, before discovering a 46 for weightlifting. Since setting out on the journey, the 47 lover has not only managed to 48 an impressive set of muscles but also a huge following on social media. The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 49 others can’t look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects. “Hold on: Consider failure as a 50 to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “ 51 others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 52 .” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise... the 53 is to feel good, not look good.” Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 54 wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an 55 for many social media users. 41．A．write B．travel C．exercise D．recover 42．A．goodwill B．timeout C．long-distance D．wake-up 43．A．normally B．ultimately C．suddenly D．automatically 44．A．change B．fortune C．wish D．deal 45．A．risky B．traditional C．comfortable D．healthy 46．A．demand B．secret C．passion D．cure 47．A．peace B．fitness C．fun D．nature 48．A．grow B．control C．activate D．relax 49．A．need B．choice C．reason D．difference 50．A．green light B．road block C．passing mark D．stepping stone 51．A．Help B．Consult C．Follow D．Forgive 52．A．accepted B．shared C．expected D．celebrated 53．A．goal B．case C．duty D．cost 54．A．instructors B．admirers C．beginners D．doubters 55．A．authority B．excuse C．inspiration D．option Passage 3 【2025浙江1月卷】 Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 41 . A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her 42 to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes 43 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties. Ribeiro 44 €35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for 45 her hobby of buying food, 46 new recipes and holding dinner parties. “It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 47 new people,” said Ribeiro. Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 48 her native home; other times she 49 dinner courses with her favorite beers. The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as 50 to a restaurant where the service is 51 , the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no 52 . “But it’s also a great 53 , for it can sometimes take days to 54 a single event,” Ribeiro said. “This platform is not only 55 for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.” 41．A．reading B．traveling C．cooking D．teaching 42．A．hobby B．energy C．education D．money 43．A．coworkers B．students C．relatives D．strangers 44．A．pays B．charges C．owes D．raises 45．A．pursuing B．choosing C．discussing D．changing 46．A．passing on B．trying out C．going over D．taking down 47．A．hire B．help C．meet D．train 48．A．in addition to B．in return for C．in honor of D．in line with 49．A．replaces B．tastes C．orders D．pairs 50．A．opposed B．related C．subject D．vital 51．A．invaluable B．impersonal C．unsuitable D．unprofessional 52．A．surprise B．end C．need D．problem 53．A．lesson B．pleasure C．success D．challenge 54．A．celebrate B．record C．attend D．organise 55．A．selected B．reserved C．evaluated D．Requested 第 1 页 共 33 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $