Unit 5 Good manners 单元话题（礼仪与习俗）阅读回答问题进阶练15篇-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（译林版）

**基本信息** 以“礼仪与习俗”为核心话题，分基础、进阶、综合三层次设计15篇阅读回答题，构建从具体礼仪规范到跨文化对比的渐进式训练体系，提升语言理解与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础入门训练|5篇|事实细节题为主，答案≤10词，聚焦校园/家庭/公共场所基础礼仪|从具体场景礼仪规范（如问候师长、家务劳动）切入，建立礼仪认知框架| |进阶拓展训练|5篇|加入非连续性文本（图表）、开放题（20词+论述），涉及中外餐桌礼仪、文化禁忌|拓展至跨文化对比（如中西方餐桌座位、餐具使用），深化文化差异理解| |能力综合实践|5篇|含推理题、观点表达题，涵盖古今礼仪（作揖礼、煮茶待客）、国际交往习俗|整合礼仪文化的历史演变与现实应用，培养跨文化交际中的思维品质与语言表达能力|

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 5 Good manners 单元话题（礼仪与习俗）阅读回答问题进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。(每小题答案不超过10个单词)    Good manners are very important. Everyone likes to stay with polite people. So we should learn to be polite.    At school, we should greet teachers when we meet them. We should listen to teachers carefully in class. We shouldn’t run or shout in the classroom or hallways. We should help our classmates when they are in need.    At home, we should help our parents do some housework. We should be polite to our family members. We shouldn’t talk back to our parents.    In public, we should keep quiet. We should wait in line. We shouldn’t drop litter everywhere. We should respect others.    If we can do these, we will be polite students. Everyone will like us. 1．Why are good manners important? 2．What should we do when meeting teachers at school? 3．What shouldn’t we do in class? 4．What should we do at home? 5．Where should we keep quiet? 【答案】1．Everyone likes polite people. 2．Greet them. 3．Run or shout. 4．Help parents do housework. 5．In public. 【导语】本文介绍了礼貌的重要性，以及在学校、家里和公共场合应遵守的礼貌行为规范。 1．原文第一段提到“Good manners are very important. Everyone likes to stay with polite people.”，直接提取原因即可。 2．原文第二段提到“At school, we should greet teachers when we meet them.”，直接提取对应行为即可。 3．原文第二段提到“We shouldn’t run or shout in the classroom or hallways.”，直接提取禁止的行为即可。 4．原文第三段提到“At home, we should help our parents do some housework.”，直接提取对应行为即可。 5．原文第四段提到“In public, we should keep quiet.”，直接提取地点即可。 Good manners are very important. Everyone likes to make friends with polite people. In school, we should listen to teachers carefully. We should greet teachers when we meet them. We should help classmates when they are in need. At home, we should help parents do housework. We should be polite to family members. In public, we should follow rules. We should wait in line and keep quiet. We shouldn’t speak loudly or laugh loudly. We should respect others. Polite people are popular. Good manners can help us make more friends. 1．What does everyone like? 2．What should we do when we meet teachers? 3．Where should we help parents do housework? 4．What shouldn’t we do in public? 5．Why are good manners important? 【答案】1．To make friends with polite people. 2．Greet teachers. 3．At home. 4．Speak or laugh loudly. 5．Because good manners can help us make more friends. 【导语】本文主要介绍了礼貌的重要性，分别从在学校、在家、在公共场合三个方面，告诉我们应该如何做到讲文明、懂礼貌。 1．第一段指出“Everyone likes to make friends with polite people.”，答案直接提取原文信息。 2．第二段指出“We should greet teachers when we meet them.”，答案直接提取原文信息。 3．第三段指出“At home, we should help parents do housework.”，答案直接提取原文信息。 4．第四段指出“In public, we should follow rules… We shouldn’t speak loudly or laugh loudly.”，答案直接提取原文信息。 5．文章最后一句“Good manners can help us make more friends.”说明了礼貌的重要性，答案用Because开头即可。 The Spring Festival is coming. It’s on February 5th this year. It’s the time to give gifts to your family and friends. But there are some taboos (禁忌) on gift giving. What are those in China? Chinese people don’t always give a clock to someone. A clock sounds like “zhong” in Chinese. So giving someone a clock is like saying “your time is up”. People will think it’s not lucky, especially for old people. Buying pears and shoes is also not a good gift. Pears sound like “li” and shoes sound like “xie” in Chinese. They are not good gifts for friends or parents, because they mean something bad in Chinese. What is a good gift then? Money can be the answer! A “red envelope” (红包) with money is the best gift in China. People give red envelopes to show their love. People have “lucky” number of money in the red envelopes. The number six and eight are always the lucky numbers in China. So we must avoid giving the wrong gifts for others. 1．When are there any rules in China? 2．What gift can’t we give the old people? 3．How many bad gifts are there in the passage? 4．Do you think a red envelope with money a good gift? Why or why not? Write 20 words or more. 【答案】1．When we give gifts./When giving gifts. 2．We can’t give a clock to the old people. 3．Three./3. 4．Yes, I do. Because people give red envelopes to show their love and it has no taboos. 【导语】本文主要介绍中国春节送礼的一些禁忌以及好的送礼的礼物。 1．根据第一段中的“The Spring Festival is coming. It’s on February 5th this year. It’s the time to give gifts to your family and friends. But there are some taboos (禁忌) on gift giving.”可知，在中国春节时送礼有一些规则。故填When we give gifts./When giving gifts. 2．根据第二段中的“So giving someone a clock is like saying ‘your time is up’. People will think it’s not lucky, especially for old people.”可知，我们不能给老人们钟表作为礼物。故填We can’t give a clock to the old people. 3．根据第二段中的“Chinese people don’t always give a clock to someone.”和第三段中的“Buying pears and shoes is also not a good gift.”可知，这篇文章提到三种不好的礼物。故填Three./3. 4．开放性试题，言之有理即可，参考答案：Yes, I do. Because people give red envelopes to show their love and it has no taboos. 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答下面问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。 Rose is my good friend. She told me that she would come to Japan for vacation in July. But she was very anxious. She said she didn’t know what to do in Japanese restaurants. I had to ask her to understand these table manners and tell her what to do in the restaurant. Some restaurants in Japan have tatami floor (榻榻米地板). When you step in a restaurant, you must take off your shoes. When you sit at the table, you will receive a small wet cloth at most Japanese restaurants. Use this to wash your hands before eating, then carefully folditand set it aside on the table. Don’t use it as a napkin, or to touch any part of your face. Before and after a meal, it is important to say traditional thank-you words. You can make a little noise when you eat. For example, it is common to make some slurping noises while eating noodles because in Japan it means that the noodles taste good if you slurp. For sushi, you should eat up. It is polite to lift small bowls of rice or soup when you eat. After you finish your meal, it is good manners to restore all your dishes to the way they were at the beginning of the meal. For example, you can put chopsticks back on the chopsticks shelf. I think these manners are helpful to her. 1．Why is Rose anxious? 2．What must Rose take off when she steps on tatami floor? 3．What is the small wet cloth at most Japanese restaurants used for? 4．When do people say traditional thank-you words in Japan? 5．Where should you put the chopstick after you finish your meal? 【答案】1．Because she doesn’t understand Japanese table manners. 2．She must take off her shoes./ Her shoes./ Shoes. 3．It is used to wash our hands before eating. 4．Before and after a meal. 5．We can put chopsticks back on the chopsticks shelf./ On the chopsticks shelf. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了关于在日本餐厅的用餐礼仪。 1．根据“But she was very anxious. She said she didn’t know what to do in Japanese restaurants.”可知，Rose焦虑是因为不知道日本的餐桌礼仪。故填Because she doesn’t understand Japanese table manners. 2．根据“Some restaurants in Japan have tatami floor. When you step in a restaurant, you must take off your shoes.”可知，当Rose踏上榻榻米地板时，她必须脱下鞋子。故填She must take off her shoes./ Her shoes./ Shoes. 3．根据“When you sit at the table, you will receive a small wet cloth at most Japanese restaurants. Use this to wash your hands before eating, then carefully fold it and set it aside on the table.”可知，当你坐在桌边时，在大多数日本餐馆你会收到一块小湿毛巾。用餐前用它来洗手，然后仔细地将其折好并放在桌子旁边，由此可知，小湿布是用来在吃饭前洗手的。故填It is used to wash our hands before eating. 4．根据“Before and after a meal, it is important to say aditional thank-you words.”可知，饭前饭后，说一些传统的感谢的话是很重要的。故填Before and after a meal. 5．根据“For example, you can put chopsticks back on the chopsticks shelf.”可知，吃完饭后应该把筷子放回筷子架上。故填We can put chopsticks back on the chopsticks shelf./ On the chopsticks shelf. 任务型阅读 Akuapem is in the eastern part of Ghana. The sun shines all the time. The local people are very friendly and hospitable (好客的). Now, let’s have a look at how the Akuapem people receive a visitor. A visitor is often welcomed warmly in a family of Akuapem. After the visitor is welcomed into the house, the host offers a seat and water at the very beginning, because the host thinks that the visitor must have come from a very long journey and needs water. If there is a group of visitors, the host will greet the visitors from right to left. And the host shakes hands only with his right hand, because the Akuapem people think the left hand is not clean. Next, the host usually asks the visitor some questions. For example, the host may ask him how his journey was and why he has come. While the conversation is going on, the wife and the children, especially the girls, are preparing food for the visitor. The visitor can choose his favourite food. After the visitor finishes eating, the host and the visitor go on with their conversation. Usually, this is a short one because the visitor is getting ready to say goodbye. When the visitor is leaving, he often receives some food. One of the children in the family also accompanies (陪伴) him to the nearest station. The child who accompanies the visitor will not come back home until the visitor leaves safely. Whether he is a close friend or just a stranger, this is always how friendly Akuapem people receive a visitor. 1．What are the people in Akuapem like? 2．How do Akuapem people often welcome a visitor? 3．Why is a visitor often offered water at the very beginning? 4．Why does the host only shake hands with the right hand? 5．When will the child who accompanies the visitor return home? 【答案】1．They are very friendly and hospitable. 2．They often welcome a visitor warmly. 3．Because the host thinks the visitor has come from a long journey and needs water. 4．Because they think the left hand is not clean. 5．After the visitor leaves safely. 【导语】本文介绍了加纳东部阿夸佩姆人的待客之道：他们热情友好，会以递水、备餐、送行等方式招待访客，体现了当地独特的礼仪与文化。 1．根据“The local people are very friendly and hospitable.”可知，阿夸佩姆人非常友好且好客。故填They are very friendly and hospitable. 2．根据“A visitor is often welcomed warmly in a family of Akuapem.”可知，他们通常会热情地欢迎访客。故填They often welcome a visitor warmly. 3．根据“because the host thinks that the visitor must have come from a very long journey and needs water.”可知，主人认为访客一定经过了长途旅行，需要喝水。故填Because the host thinks the visitor has come from a long journey and needs water. 4．根据“because the Akuapem people think the left hand is not clean.”可知，阿夸佩姆人认为左手不干净。故填Because they think the left hand is not clean. 5．根据“The child who accompanies the visitor will not come back home until the visitor leaves safely.”可知，孩子会在访客安全离开后才回家。故填After the visitor leaves safely. 进阶拓展训练5篇 请阅读下面非连续性文本，按要求完成所给任务。 There’s an old saying: When in Rome, do as the Romans do. The old saying tells us clearly that wherever we are, we should do everything according to local customs. China has a rich food culture. There are interesting stories behind some cuisine (菜肴), as well as table manners. In China, the round table is used for formal dinners and gatherings. The seating arrangement (安排) has cultural meanings. Chart 1 Round table seating arrangement in China●Host’s seat: The host sits at the “head” of the table, facing the door. This shows respect (尊敬) to others. ●Order of seats: Guests are seated based on age, status (身份), or relationship to the host. The most important guest sits to the right of the host, and the second most important guest sits to their left. For Chinese people, chopsticks are not just simple tools to pick up food. They come with their own special rules. Chart 2 △ ●People shouldn’t make noise with chopsticks. Playing with chopsticks is considered bad manners, just as playing with forks and knives in a Western country is. ●There are also some superstitions (迷信) related to chopsticks. For example, some people believe that chopsticks should not be left standing upright in a bowl. It looks like the incense (香) that Chinese people use to honor the dead. Doing it at the dinner table is believed to bring bad luck. ●You’re not supposed to beat the edge of the bowl with chopsticks, either, as beggars (乞丐) do this to ask for food. When you go to an American’s house for dinner, there are some table manners you should know. Chart 3 Table manners in America●Don’t talk too loudly while eating. ●Eat soup quietly with the side of the spoon. ●Don’t eat food with your fingers unless it is finger food like bread, pizza, etc. ●Keep the napkin on the lap. ●Don’t play with food or table utensils (用具). ●Don’t put your elbows on the table. 1．If you are the host, where are you supposed to sit when using a round table? 2．Please fill in the △ . 3．Which rule is the same in both Chart 2 and Chart 3? 4．Why shouldn’t chopsticks be left standing upright in a bowl? 5．Do you think it’s important to follow the local customs? Why? 【答案】1．I’m supposed to sit at the “head” of the table, facing the door./ I’m supposed to sit at the “head” of the table and face the door. 2．The rules of using chopsticks in China 3．Don’t play with food or table utensils. 4．Because it is believed to bring bad luck. 5．Yes (, I think so).（以下回答只要合乎情理、符合题义，便可酌情给分） Because following local customs shows respect for the host culture and helps avoid misunderstandings. It can also make our travel experiences richer and help us understand other cultures better.（3分，完全用自己的话表达） Because using chopsticks correctly gives foreigners better feeling at dinner table in China. And following American table manners makes our trip to America more pleasant.（2分，结合语篇用自己的话表达） Because we can learn about some customs, for example: don’t play with food or utensils (1分，完全用语篇中的话表达)... 【导语】本文主要讲了中国和美国不同的餐桌礼仪，说明无论到哪里都应入乡随俗。 1．根据“Host’s seat: The host sits at the ‘head’ of the table, facing the door.”可知，主人应该坐在桌子的“首位”，面向门口。故填I’m supposed to sit at the “head” of the table, facing the door./ I’m supposed to sit at the “head” of the table and face the door. 2．根据“For Chinese people, chopsticks are not just simple tools to pick up food. They come with their own special rules.”可知，这里是在介绍筷子的使用规则。故填The rules of using chopsticks in China 3．根据“Playing with chopsticks is considered as bad manners...”和“Don’t play with food or table utensils.”可知，两张图表中相同的规则是不要玩弄餐具。故填Don’t play with food or table utensils. 4．根据“It looks like the incense that Chinese people use to honor the dead. Doing it at dinner table is believed to bring bad luck.”可知，筷子直立插在碗里看起来像给逝者上香，被认为会带来霉运。故填Because it is believed to bring bad luck. 5．开放性试题，答案合理即可。故填Yes (, I think so)./Because following local customs shows respect for the host culture and helps avoid misunderstandings. It can also make our travel experiences richer and help us understand other cultures better./Because using chopsticks correctly gives foreigners better feeling at dinner table in China. And following American table manners makes our trip to America more pleasant./Because we can learn about some customs, for example: don’t play with food or utensils/... 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 As a ninth grader, learning about different cultures has opened my eyes to how different our world truly is. Every country has its own unique customs and traditions that make it special. In India, people often greet each other by saying “Namaste” with their hands pressed together. This is very different from countries like Brazil, where friends usually hug or give cheek kisses when they meet. Even simple things like meal times can vary greatly. In Spain, it’s normal to eat dinner as late as 9 or 10 pm, while in Germany, people usually have their evening meal at 6 pm. Food customs are particularly interesting. In China, it’s polite to leave a little food on your plate to show your host served enough, but in Canada, you’re expected to finish everything. In many Middle Eastern countries, people eat with their right hand only, as the left hand is considered unclean. What surprised me most was learning about gestures. In Bulgaria, nodding your head means “no”, while shaking it means “yes”—the complete opposite of what I’m used to! These cultural differences used to confuse me, but now I find them fascinating. They remind me that there’s no single “right” way to do things. Understanding these differences helps me appreciate our world and become more respectful towards people from all cultures. 1．How do people in Brazil usually greet each other? 2．When do Germans usually have their evening meal? 3．Why do people in many Middle Eastern countries eat with their right hand only? 4．What should we do if we want to show agreement in Bulgaria? 5．Give an example about a special custom in China. (答案须与文中所给例子不同) 【答案】1．They usually hug or give cheek kisses. 2．At 6 pm. 3．Because the left hand is considered unclean. 4．Shake our heads. 5．It’s impolite to stick the chopsticks into the rice. 【导语】本文通过对比不同国家的文化习俗，说明了世界文化的多样性，并强调了理解和尊重文化差异的重要性。 1．根据“This is very different from countries like Brazil, where friends usually hug or give cheek kisses when they meet.”可知，在巴西，朋友见面时通常拥抱或亲吻脸颊。故填They usually hug or give cheek kisses. 2．根据“In Spain, it’s normal to eat dinner as late as 9 or 10 pm, while in Germany, people usually have their evening meal at 6 pm.”可知，在德国，人们通常在下午6点吃晚餐。故填At 6 pm. 3．根据“In many Middle Eastern countries, people eat with their right hand only, as the left hand is considered unclean.”可知，他们只用右手吃饭，是因为左手被认为不洁。故填Because the left hand is considered unclean. 4．根据“In Bulgaria, nodding your head means ‘no’, while shaking it means ‘yes’—the complete opposite of what I’m used to!”可知，在保加利亚，点头表示“不”，摇头表示“是”。因此表示同意（agreement）应摇头。故填Shake our heads. 5．本题为开放性题目，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。参考答案为It’s impolite to stick the chopsticks into the rice. 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Playing with friends, going to a party, having a meal in a restaurant or receiving a birthday gift—as a teenager, you go to different places and meet different kinds of people. Everything you do leaves an impression (印象). So manners are very important. Arriving 30 minutes late for a date (约会) may say “This isn’t that important to me.” Taking a cellphone call while talking to your friend may say “The caller is more important than the person standing in front of me.” Failing to show thanks to a gift-giver may say “I don’t like the gift.” Is that the message you really want to send? Maybe not. You do not want to be rude, but sometimes what you do makes people think you’re impolite. How can you change that? You should know the proper ways to behave around people. We call this manners.Manners are about being honest, respectful and considerate (考虑周到的). Good manners show in small things. Start to make your manners better now! You could start by adding “please” and “thank you” to your vocabulary and avoiding bad language. You could start by holding a door open for someone after you to go through. You could start by showing up on time instead of letting others wait for you. Start now! Start a new life and start to be a teenager with good manners! 1．Why are manners important? 2．What would you think if someone is 30 minutes late for a date? 3．What should you say when receiving gifts from others? 4．How many pieces of advice does the writer give about behaving politely? 5．What are good manners at school? What do you think of the manners? 【答案】1．Because everything we do leaves an impression. 2．The date isn’t that important to him/her. 3．We should say “thank you”． 4．Three. 5．We should keep quiet in the library. We should keep the classrooms clean and tidy. I think they help us to become a better person. 【导语】本文主要讲述了礼仪对青少年至关重要，日常行为反映个人修养。迟到、无视他人等会传递不尊重信息。应从礼貌用语、守时、体贴他人等小事做起，培养诚实、尊重和体贴的良好礼仪。 1．根据第一段“Everything you do leaves an impression. So manners are very important.”可知，做的每件事都会给人留下印象。所以礼貌是非常重要的。故填Because everything we do leaves an impression. 2．根据第二段“Arriving 30 minutes late for a date may say ‘This isn’t that important to me.’”可知，如果有人约会迟到30分钟说明这个约会对他/她来说不是那么重要。故填The date isn’t that important to him/her. 3．根据第二段“Failing to show thanks to a gift-giver may say ‘I don’t like the gift.’”及常识可知，不向送礼者表示感谢可能会让对方觉得“我不喜欢这个礼物”，则收到礼物时应该说“谢谢你/您”。故填We should say “thank you”． 4．通读最后一段尤其是“You could start by adding ‘please’ and ‘thank you’ to your vocabulary and avoiding bad language. You could start by holding a door open for someone after you to go through. You could start by showing up on time instead of letting others wait for you.”可知，作者总结了“在用语中加入‘请’和‘谢谢’的礼貌用语，并避免说脏话”、“为身后的人扶门，提供便利”的体贴行为及“准时赴约，不让他人等候”的守时准则这三个方面给出了举止礼貌的建议。故填Three. 5．通读全文，本文主要讲述了礼仪对青少年至关重要，日常行为反映个人修养。迟到、无视他人等会传递不尊重信息。应从礼貌用语、守时、体贴他人等小事做起，培养诚实、尊重和体贴的良好礼仪，则关于“学校有哪些正确的公共行为及怎样看待这些行为”可表达为“我们在图书馆应该保持安静。我们应该保持教室干净整洁。我认为这些行为帮助我们成为一个更好的人”。故填We should keep quiet in the library. We should keep the classrooms clean and tidy. I think they help us to become a better person. 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Travelling to another country is exciting and fun. But if you don’t learn about local traditions, your trip may get into trouble. To help stop things like that, I list some cultural taboos (禁忌) in several countries. Let’s take a look and then you can have a great trip there. Mexico In Mexico, bringing an expensive gift to someone’s home is a no-no. It could be seen as a bribe (贿赂). For local people, some simple things like flowers are good gifts. But you shouldn’t take along red flowers, because in Mexican culture, they symbolize death and can be connected with witchcraft (巫术). The US Americans have a tradition of tipping (给小费). You can tip waiters, taxi drivers, hotel doormen… nearly anyone with a service job. Pay attention when you talk with Americans. Questions like “How old are you?” may be common between friends. But as tourists in the US, it is not polite to ask people’s age. Britain British people are known for queuing. From the supermarket to the underground, queues are very common in Britain. Usually, it takes a British person six months of their life in queues. If you jump the queue in Britain, you may make them angry. Japan You should never wear shoes indoors in Japan. When visiting someone’s home, it is rude to enter with shoes on. Shoes should be taken off at the door and replaced with indoor slippers (拖鞋). This is also the same when you try clothes on in a clothes shop. You should take off your shoes before going into the fitting room (试衣间). There are indoor shoes prepared for customers inside. 1．What are good gifts for local people in Mexico? 2．Why shouldn’t tourists ask people’s age in the US? 3．How long does it usually take a British person in queues in his life? 4．What should you do before going into the fitting room in Japan? 5．What taboos do you have in your country? Why is it a taboo in your country? 【答案】1．Some simple things like flowers but not red flowers. 2．Because it is not polite to ask people’s age in the US. 3．Six months of their life/Half a year of their life. 4．I should take off my shoes./We should take off our shoes. 5．We’d better avoid choosing the number “4” for our telephone or car numbers. Because it sounds like the Chinese character “si”, which means “death”.(合理即可) 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了墨西哥、美国、英国、日本四个国家的一些文化禁忌。 1．根据文章Mexico部分“For local people, some simple things like flowers are good gifts. But you shouldn’t take along red flowers”可知，在墨西哥适合送给当地人的好礼物是像花之类的简单物品，但是不要送红色的花。故填Some simple things like flowers but not red flowers. 2．根据文章The US部分“But as tourists in the US, it is not polite to ask people’s age.”可知，在美国游客不能问别人年龄是因为这是不礼貌的。故填Because it is not polite to ask people’s age in the US. 3．根据文章Britain部分“Usually, it takes a British person six months of their life in queues.”可知，一个英国人一生中通常要花六个月的时间排队。故填Six months of their life/Half a year of their life. 4．根据文章Japan部分“You should take off your shoes before going into the fitting room.”可知，在日本进入试衣间前应该脱掉鞋子。故填I should take off my shoes./We should take off our shoes. 5．本题为开放性问题，需结合中国文化禁忌作答，理由合理即可。故填We’d better avoid choosing the number “4” for our telephone or car numbers. Because it sounds like the Chinese character “si”, which means “death”. The Spring Festival is coming. It’s time to give gifts to your family and friends. But there are some taboos (禁忌) on gift giving. What are those in China? Chinese people don’t give a clock to others. A clock sounds like “zhong” in Chinese. So giving a clock is like saying “your time is up”. People will think it’s not lucky, especially for old people. Buying pears and shoes is also not a good choice. Pears sound like “li” and shoes sound like “xie” in Chinese. They are not good gifts for friends or parents, because they mean something bad in Chinese. What is a good gift then? Money can be the answer! A “red envelope” (红包) with money is the best gift in China. People give red envelopes to show their love. People have a “lucky” number of money in the red envelopes. The numbers six and eight are always the lucky numbers in China. So we must avoid giving the wrong gifts to others. 1．What gift can’t we give to old people? (不超过10个词) 2．How many bad gifts are there in the passage? (不超过5个词) 3．What is the passage mainly about? (不超过10个词) 【答案】1．We can’t give a clock to old people. 2．Three./3. 3．Some taboos and good choices on giving gifts. 【导语】本文主要介绍了送礼的相关禁忌与建议。 1．根据“Chinese people don’t give a clock to others...People will think it’s not lucky, especially for old people.”可知，不能给老人送钟表。故填We can’t give a clock to old people. 2．根据“Chinese people don’t give a clock to others.”以及“Buying pears and shoes is also not a good choice.”可知，文中提到了三种不好的礼物。故填Three.或3. 3．通读全文可知，本文主要讲了送礼的一些禁忌和好的选择。故填Some taboos and good choices on giving gifts. 能力综合实践5篇 Travelling gets easier and easier. We live in a global (全球的) village. But how do we know and understand each other? Here is a simple test. Imagine you have a meeting with foreign visitors at four o’clock, what time will your guests probably arrive? If they are Germans, they will be on time without doubt. If they are Americans, they will probably be 15 minutes early. If they are British, they will be 15 minutes late, and you should allow up to an hour for Italians. English is widely understood, but it is not necessarily (不一定) the same with English customs (风俗). For example, the British are happy to have a business lunch and discuss matters with a drink during the meal. The Japanese, however, prefer not to work while eating. In Japan, lunch should be a time to relax and to get to know one another, and the Japanese hardly ever drink at lunchtime. Germans like to talk business before dinner while the French like to eat first and talk afterwards. The French think they have to be well fed before they discuss anything. So it is important for us to know the saying: When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 1．When having a meeting, who will arrive first according to the passage? 2．If you want to talk business with the French at lunchtime, what should you do? 3．What advice would you give to foreigners in China? 【答案】1．Americans. 2．Eat first and talk afterwards. 3．You should shake hands when you meet people for the first time. (合理即可) 【导语】本文主要讲述了不同国家在商务会议和用餐时的不同习俗，强调了了解并尊重各国文化差异的重要性。 1．第二段中提到“If they are Americans, they will probably be 15 minutes early.”，如果与外国访客开会，美国人可能会提前15分钟到达，是到达最早的。 2．文中第三段明确指出：“...the French like to eat first and talk afterwards. The French think they have to be well fed before they discuss anything.”，所以和法国人谈生意要先吃饭再谈事。 3．本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，只要符合中国礼仪习惯、表达合理即可。示例给出了初次见面要握手，也可以从守时、餐桌礼仪等方面作答。 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 In many cultures, being a good guest is highly valued. However, what makes a good guest can be different from one country to another. In China, guests are often treated like royalty. When you visit a Chinese home, you can expect to be offered tea, fruit, and snacks. The host will do everything to make you feel comfortable. In return, guests are expected to show appreciation and not be too demanding. In Western countries, the guest-host relationship is often more relaxed. Guests are expected to be independent and follow the host’s routine. For example, if the host says “Make yourself at home”, it means you can feel free to get a drink or use the bathroom without asking. One common rule everywhere is to bring a small gift when you are invited. It shows that you value the host’s invitation. Also, it is polite to offer help with cleaning up after a meal, though the host may refuse. When in doubt, it is always a good idea to ask. A simple question like “Is there anything I can do to help?” shows that you are considerate. 1．What can a guest expect when visiting a Chinese home?   2．In Western countries, what does “Make yourself at home” usually mean?   3．What is a common rule for guests everywhere?   4．What should you do if you are not sure about the custom?   5．What do you think is the most important quality of a good guest? Why?   【答案】1．They can expect to be offered tea, fruit, and snacks. 2．It means guests can feel free to get a drink or use the bathroom without asking. 3．Bringing a small gift when invited. 4．You should ask politely. 5．I think being considerate is the most important quality because it shows you care about the host’s feelings and efforts. 【导语】本文介绍了中西方不同的做客礼仪，说明了成为一名好客人的标准因国家而异，并给出了世界各地通用的做客建议。 1．由文章第二段“When you visit a Chinese home, you can expect to be offered tea, fruit, and snacks.”可直接提取信息。 2．由文章第三段“if the host says ‘make yourself at home’, it means you can feel free to get a drink or use the bathroom without asking.”可直接提取信息。 3．由文章第四段“One common rule everywhere is to bring a small gift when you are invited.”可直接提取信息。 4．由文章第五段“When in doubt, it is always a good idea to ask.”可总结得出答案。 5．本题为开放性试题，围绕体贴、有礼貌、感恩等品质，结合文章内容合理作答即可。 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容回答问题，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。 Many of us are used to greeting each other by shaking hands or hugging, which comes from Western customs. Do you know any customs of ancient Chinese people? · How to greet They usually used “zuoyi” gesture (作揖礼). To make this gesture, one needs to bow at an angle (角度) of 30 to 45 degrees with hands folded in the front. The rules are different for men and women. For men, the left hand is put over the right hand. But for women, the right hand is on the top. The Duke of Zhou created the gesture during the West Zhou Dynasty. Folding one’s hands shows others that you don’t have anything dangerous and haven’t come to fight. ________ When guests come, an old custom is that a host should welcome guests with boiled tea. Boiling tea is one of the oldest ways of brewing Chinese tea. It started in the Tang Dynasty. Later, in the Ming Dynasty, a faster way took its place—steeping (冲泡). Nowadays, weilu zhucha is getting popular again among Chinese young people. They like to sit around a stove, boil tea on it, eat some snacks and have a talk. How to say goodbye In ancient China, when people parted with friends, they always used willow (柳树) branches as a gift. One reason is that willow trees are strong. They can live anywhere, wet or dry, north or south. Because of this, giving a willow branch to say goodbye to loved ones is a way to tell them that you hope they will easily adapt to (适应) their new living environment. Meanwhile, the pronunciation for the willow tree “liu” is similar to the Chinese character “liu “, which means asking someone to stay. So it is like asking them to stay, even though we know that they must leave. It’s said that this custom became popular during the Han Dynasty. At that time, Baqiao, a bridge in Chang’an (today’s Xi’an) was a common place to say goodbye. 1．Why are the two pictures used in the passage? 2．What’s the best subtitle for the second part? 3．What did giving willow branches mean when ancient people parted with friends? (One example is OK.) 4．Which custom has the longest history? 5．Which custom do you want to follow today? Why? 【答案】1．To show different rules of “zuoyi” gesture for men and women./Because they show us how men and women make “zuoyi” gesture differently. 2．How to welcome/serve guests. (合理即可) 3．They hoped their friends could easily adapt to their new living environment./They hoped their friends could stay./They asked their friends to stay. (合理即可) 4．“Zuoyi” gesture. 5．I want to follow “weilu zhucha” because it creates a warm and relaxing atmosphere to chat with friends./I want to follow “zuoyi” because it is a polite and healthy way to greet without physical contact. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国古代的三种传统习俗：见面时的作揖礼、待客时的煮茶文化以及送别时的折柳赠别，并解释了这些习俗背后的文化内涵和历史渊源。 1．根据文章第一部分“How to greet”以及两幅图片分别展示了男性和女性行作揖礼的正确手势，可知图片的作用是直观地展示男女作揖礼的区别，帮助读者理解文字描述。故填To show different rules of “zuoyi” gesture for men and women./Because they show us how men and women make “zuoyi” gesture differently. 2．根据第二部分内容主要围绕古人如何以茶待客，以及现代年轻人围炉煮茶的流行，可知小标题应概括“待客”这一主题。故填How to welcome/serve guests. (合理即可) 3．根据第三部分“giving a willow branch to say goodbye to loved ones is a way to tell them that you hope they will easily adapt to their new living environment”以及“asking someone to stay”可知，赠柳枝既表达对友人适应新环境的祝愿，也暗含挽留之意。故填They hoped their friends could easily adapt to their new living environment./They hoped their friends could stay./They asked their friends to stay. (合理即可) 4．根据文中信息“The Duke of Zhou created the gesture during the West Zhou Dynasty.”可知，作揖礼始于西周：根据“It started in the Tang Dynasty.”可知，待客煮茶始于唐朝；根据“this custom became popular during the Han Dynasty”可知，折柳送别流行于汉朝，比较可知作揖礼历史最悠久。故填“Zuoyi” gesture. 5．本题为开放性试题，选择任一习俗并说明合理理由即可。例如选择围炉煮茶是因为它能让人放松并与朋友更好地交流；或选择作揖礼是因为它避免了肢体接触，既卫生又礼貌。故填I want to follow “weilu zhucha” because it creates a warm and relaxing atmosphere to chat with friends./I want to follow “zuoyi” because it is a polite and healthy way to greet without physical contact. 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 If you spend some time in an English speaking country, you might hear the term “etiquette”. It means normal and social behavior. This may seem like a difficult word at first, but it can be very useful to understand. Etiquette is not the same in every culture or in every situation. For example, standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some Asian countries. However, if you do this in Europe, some people might feel uncomfortable. Even in China, we all know that etiquette is not the same in all situations. Perhaps we think that talking loudly in our own homes is fine, but there are other places where talking loudly is not allowed. For example, most people would agree that talking loudly in a library, a museum or a movie theater is impolite. Even if you are with your friends, it is better to keep your voice down in public places. If we see someone breaking the rules of etiquette, we may politely give them some suggestions. One of the most polite ways is to ask someone, “Would you mind doing this?” or “Would you mind not doing that?” People don’t usually like to be criticized, so we have to be careful how we do this. Although rules of etiquette can often be different, some rules are the same almost everywhere in the world! For example, dropping litter is almost never allowed. If you see someone you know doing this, you can ask him, “Would you mind picking it up?” 根据短文内容，简要回答下列问题。 1．What does the underlined word “etiquette” probably mean? 2．What’s the key sentence of Paragraph 2? 3．If your friend talks loudly in the library, what would you say to him/her? 4．In which countries can people stand close to the person they are talking with? 5．What’s the writer’s idea of Etiquette? 【答案】1．It means normal and social behavior. 2．Etiquette is not the same in every culture or in every situation. 3．Would you mind not talking loudly here?/Would you mind speaking in a low voice?/Would you mind keeping your voice down? 4．In some Asian countries. 5．Although rules of etiquette can often be different, some rules are the same almost everywhere in the world! 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了英语国家的“礼仪”的定义，以及不同地区或国家之间“礼仪”规则的不同和相同之处。 1．根据“It means normal and social behavior.”可知，“etiquette”的意思是正常的社会行为。故填It means normal and social behavior. 2．根据“Etiquette is not the same in every culture or in every situation.”及整段可知，本段主要讲的是礼仪在每种文化或每种情况下都是不一样的。故填Etiquette is not the same in every culture or in every situation. 3．根据“If we see someone breaking the rules of etiquette, we may politely give them some suggestions.  One of the most polite ways is to ask someone, ‘Would you mind doing this?’ or ‘Would you mind not doing that?’ ” 可知，如果我们看到有人违反了礼仪规则，我们可以礼貌地给他们一些建议；在图书馆则建议朋友声音小一点。故填Would you mind not talking loudly here?/Would you mind speaking in a low voice?/Would you mind keeping your voice down? 4．根据“For example, standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some Asian countries.”可知，在一些亚洲国家，与你交谈的人站得很近是很常见的。故填In some Asian countries. 5．根据“Although rules of etiquette can often be different, some rules are the same almost everywhere in the world! ”及全文可知，本文主要讲的是各国之间礼仪的不同之处，作者认为虽然礼仪规则可能经常不同，但有些规则几乎在世界各地都是一样的。故填Although rules of etiquette can often be different, some rules are the same almost everywhere in the world! If your birthday is coming, what kind of gifts would you expect? Or what will you buy for your friends’ birthdays? Mostly the giving of gifts and the culture are connected closely. Coming from the US, I have found gift-giving to be quite different in China compared to my home country. One example is the timing of when to open a gift. In the US, the person who gives the gift (let’s call them the “gifter”) will often want to see the person who gets the gift (let’s call them the “giftee”) immediately open the present. They want to see their reaction (反应) of excitement and joy. In China, however, it’s more polite to open the gifts after they come back home later. Another aspect (方面) I’ve found different is the openness and directness of giving money. Although people in the US might give money to their children, it is usually doing very secretly with the money put in a card and not discussed out loud. In China, the practice is much more open in a flashy red envelope. Finally, the monetary value (金钱观) of the gift can play a big role in China in ways that are different from the US. An expensive gift in the US is usually greeted with great excitement. But in China, it can make the giftee feel awkward (尴尬的) due to a sense of having to return the favor (恩惠) in the future to the gifter. So, the next time you give a gift to somebody, remember that culture and meaning are part of every action we take. 1．Is the writer from the US? 2．When do Chinese people usually open the gifts? 3．What are the differences in gift-giving between China and the US? 4．Is it a burden (负担) if you receive expensive gifts on your birthday? Why or why not?  (at least 2 reasons) 【答案】1．Yes. 2．After they come back home later. 3．The timing of opening a gift and the openness and directness of giving money. 4．Yes, it is. Because I should also buy expensive gifts to the gifter. I can’t afford it. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国和中国送礼的不同之处和背后的文化差异。 1．根据第一段“Coming from the US, I have found gift-giving to be quite different in China compared to my home country.”可知，作者来自美国。故填Yes. 2．根据第一段“In China, however, it’s more polite to open the gifts after they come back home later.”可知，中国人通常回家后打开礼物。故填After they come back home later. 3．根据第一段“One example is the timing of when to open a gift.”和第二段“Another aspect I’ve found different is the openness and directness of giving money.”可知，中国和美国在送礼方面是不同的，其一是打开礼物的时间；其二是给钱的开放性和直接性。故填The timing of opening a gift and the openness and directness of giving money. 4．根据第二段“But in China, it can make the giftee feel awkward due to a sense of having to return the favor in the future to the gifter.”可知，在生日那天收到昂贵的礼物，会成为负担，因为必须购买贵重的礼物给送礼的人，承担不起。故填Yes, it is. Because I should also buy expensive gifts to the gifter. I can’t afford it.  (开放性问题，合理即可) 20 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 21 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 5 Good manners 单元话题（礼仪与习俗）阅读回答问题进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。(每小题答案不超过10个单词)    Good manners are very important. Everyone likes to stay with polite people. So we should learn to be polite.    At school, we should greet teachers when we meet them. We should listen to teachers carefully in class. We shouldn’t run or shout in the classroom or hallways. We should help our classmates when they are in need.    At home, we should help our parents do some housework. We should be polite to our family members. We shouldn’t talk back to our parents.    In public, we should keep quiet. We should wait in line. We shouldn’t drop litter everywhere. We should respect others.    If we can do these, we will be polite students. Everyone will like us. 1．Why are good manners important? 2．What should we do when meeting teachers at school? 3．What shouldn’t we do in class? 4．What should we do at home? 5．Where should we keep quiet? Good manners are very important. Everyone likes to make friends with polite people. In school, we should listen to teachers carefully. We should greet teachers when we meet them. We should help classmates when they are in need. At home, we should help parents do housework. We should be polite to family members. In public, we should follow rules. We should wait in line and keep quiet. We shouldn’t speak loudly or laugh loudly. We should respect others. Polite people are popular. Good manners can help us make more friends. 1．What does everyone like? 2．What should we do when we meet teachers? 3．Where should we help parents do housework? 4．What shouldn’t we do in public? 5．Why are good manners important? The Spring Festival is coming. It’s on February 5th this year. It’s the time to give gifts to your family and friends. But there are some taboos (禁忌) on gift giving. What are those in China? Chinese people don’t always give a clock to someone. A clock sounds like “zhong” in Chinese. So giving someone a clock is like saying “your time is up”. People will think it’s not lucky, especially for old people. Buying pears and shoes is also not a good gift. Pears sound like “li” and shoes sound like “xie” in Chinese. They are not good gifts for friends or parents, because they mean something bad in Chinese. What is a good gift then? Money can be the answer! A “red envelope” (红包) with money is the best gift in China. People give red envelopes to show their love. People have “lucky” number of money in the red envelopes. The number six and eight are always the lucky numbers in China. So we must avoid giving the wrong gifts for others. 1．When are there any rules in China? 2．What gift can’t we give the old people? 3．How many bad gifts are there in the passage? 4．Do you think a red envelope with money a good gift? Why or why not? Write 20 words or more. 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答下面问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。 Rose is my good friend. She told me that she would come to Japan for vacation in July. But she was very anxious. She said she didn’t know what to do in Japanese restaurants. I had to ask her to understand these table manners and tell her what to do in the restaurant. Some restaurants in Japan have tatami floor (榻榻米地板). When you step in a restaurant, you must take off your shoes. When you sit at the table, you will receive a small wet cloth at most Japanese restaurants. Use this to wash your hands before eating, then carefully folditand set it aside on the table. Don’t use it as a napkin, or to touch any part of your face. Before and after a meal, it is important to say traditional thank-you words. You can make a little noise when you eat. For example, it is common to make some slurping noises while eating noodles because in Japan it means that the noodles taste good if you slurp. For sushi, you should eat up. It is polite to lift small bowls of rice or soup when you eat. After you finish your meal, it is good manners to restore all your dishes to the way they were at the beginning of the meal. For example, you can put chopsticks back on the chopsticks shelf. I think these manners are helpful to her. 1．Why is Rose anxious? 2．What must Rose take off when she steps on tatami floor? 3．What is the small wet cloth at most Japanese restaurants used for? 4．When do people say traditional thank-you words in Japan? 5．Where should you put the chopstick after you finish your meal? 任务型阅读 Akuapem is in the eastern part of Ghana. The sun shines all the time. The local people are very friendly and hospitable (好客的). Now, let’s have a look at how the Akuapem people receive a visitor. A visitor is often welcomed warmly in a family of Akuapem. After the visitor is welcomed into the house, the host offers a seat and water at the very beginning, because the host thinks that the visitor must have come from a very long journey and needs water. If there is a group of visitors, the host will greet the visitors from right to left. And the host shakes hands only with his right hand, because the Akuapem people think the left hand is not clean. Next, the host usually asks the visitor some questions. For example, the host may ask him how his journey was and why he has come. While the conversation is going on, the wife and the children, especially the girls, are preparing food for the visitor. The visitor can choose his favourite food. After the visitor finishes eating, the host and the visitor go on with their conversation. Usually, this is a short one because the visitor is getting ready to say goodbye. When the visitor is leaving, he often receives some food. One of the children in the family also accompanies (陪伴) him to the nearest station. The child who accompanies the visitor will not come back home until the visitor leaves safely. Whether he is a close friend or just a stranger, this is always how friendly Akuapem people receive a visitor. 1．What are the people in Akuapem like? 2．How do Akuapem people often welcome a visitor? 3．Why is a visitor often offered water at the very beginning? 4．Why does the host only shake hands with the right hand? 5．When will the child who accompanies the visitor return home? 进阶拓展训练5篇 请阅读下面非连续性文本，按要求完成所给任务。 There’s an old saying: When in Rome, do as the Romans do. The old saying tells us clearly that wherever we are, we should do everything according to local customs. China has a rich food culture. There are interesting stories behind some cuisine (菜肴), as well as table manners. In China, the round table is used for formal dinners and gatherings. The seating arrangement (安排) has cultural meanings. Chart 1 Round table seating arrangement in China●Host’s seat: The host sits at the “head” of the table, facing the door. This shows respect (尊敬) to others. ●Order of seats: Guests are seated based on age, status (身份), or relationship to the host. The most important guest sits to the right of the host, and the second most important guest sits to their left. For Chinese people, chopsticks are not just simple tools to pick up food. They come with their own special rules. Chart 2 △ ●People shouldn’t make noise with chopsticks. Playing with chopsticks is considered bad manners, just as playing with forks and knives in a Western country is. ●There are also some superstitions (迷信) related to chopsticks. For example, some people believe that chopsticks should not be left standing upright in a bowl. It looks like the incense (香) that Chinese people use to honor the dead. Doing it at the dinner table is believed to bring bad luck. ●You’re not supposed to beat the edge of the bowl with chopsticks, either, as beggars (乞丐) do this to ask for food. When you go to an American’s house for dinner, there are some table manners you should know. Chart 3 Table manners in America●Don’t talk too loudly while eating. ●Eat soup quietly with the side of the spoon. ●Don’t eat food with your fingers unless it is finger food like bread, pizza, etc. ●Keep the napkin on the lap. ●Don’t play with food or table utensils (用具). ●Don’t put your elbows on the table. 1．If you are the host, where are you supposed to sit when using a round table? 2．Please fill in the △ . 3．Which rule is the same in both Chart 2 and Chart 3? 4．Why shouldn’t chopsticks be left standing upright in a bowl? 5．Do you think it’s important to follow the local customs? Why? 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 As a ninth grader, learning about different cultures has opened my eyes to how different our world truly is. Every country has its own unique customs and traditions that make it special. In India, people often greet each other by saying “Namaste” with their hands pressed together. This is very different from countries like Brazil, where friends usually hug or give cheek kisses when they meet. Even simple things like meal times can vary greatly. In Spain, it’s normal to eat dinner as late as 9 or 10 pm, while in Germany, people usually have their evening meal at 6 pm. Food customs are particularly interesting. In China, it’s polite to leave a little food on your plate to show your host served enough, but in Canada, you’re expected to finish everything. In many Middle Eastern countries, people eat with their right hand only, as the left hand is considered unclean. What surprised me most was learning about gestures. In Bulgaria, nodding your head means “no”, while shaking it means “yes”—the complete opposite of what I’m used to! These cultural differences used to confuse me, but now I find them fascinating. They remind me that there’s no single “right” way to do things. Understanding these differences helps me appreciate our world and become more respectful towards people from all cultures. 1．How do people in Brazil usually greet each other? 2．When do Germans usually have their evening meal? 3．Why do people in many Middle Eastern countries eat with their right hand only? 4．What should we do if we want to show agreement in Bulgaria? 5．Give an example about a special custom in China. (答案须与文中所给例子不同) 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Playing with friends, going to a party, having a meal in a restaurant or receiving a birthday gift—as a teenager, you go to different places and meet different kinds of people. Everything you do leaves an impression (印象). So manners are very important. Arriving 30 minutes late for a date (约会) may say “This isn’t that important to me.” Taking a cellphone call while talking to your friend may say “The caller is more important than the person standing in front of me.” Failing to show thanks to a gift-giver may say “I don’t like the gift.” Is that the message you really want to send? Maybe not. You do not want to be rude, but sometimes what you do makes people think you’re impolite. How can you change that? You should know the proper ways to behave around people. We call this manners.Manners are about being honest, respectful and considerate (考虑周到的). Good manners show in small things. Start to make your manners better now! You could start by adding “please” and “thank you” to your vocabulary and avoiding bad language. You could start by holding a door open for someone after you to go through. You could start by showing up on time instead of letting others wait for you. Start now! Start a new life and start to be a teenager with good manners! 1．Why are manners important? 2．What would you think if someone is 30 minutes late for a date? 3．What should you say when receiving gifts from others? 4．How many pieces of advice does the writer give about behaving politely? 5．What are good manners at school? What do you think of the manners? 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Travelling to another country is exciting and fun. But if you don’t learn about local traditions, your trip may get into trouble. To help stop things like that, I list some cultural taboos (禁忌) in several countries. Let’s take a look and then you can have a great trip there. Mexico In Mexico, bringing an expensive gift to someone’s home is a no-no. It could be seen as a bribe (贿赂). For local people, some simple things like flowers are good gifts. But you shouldn’t take along red flowers, because in Mexican culture, they symbolize death and can be connected with witchcraft (巫术). The US Americans have a tradition of tipping (给小费). You can tip waiters, taxi drivers, hotel doormen… nearly anyone with a service job. Pay attention when you talk with Americans. Questions like “How old are you?” may be common between friends. But as tourists in the US, it is not polite to ask people’s age. Britain British people are known for queuing. From the supermarket to the underground, queues are very common in Britain. Usually, it takes a British person six months of their life in queues. If you jump the queue in Britain, you may make them angry. Japan You should never wear shoes indoors in Japan. When visiting someone’s home, it is rude to enter with shoes on. Shoes should be taken off at the door and replaced with indoor slippers (拖鞋). This is also the same when you try clothes on in a clothes shop. You should take off your shoes before going into the fitting room (试衣间). There are indoor shoes prepared for customers inside. 1．What are good gifts for local people in Mexico? 2．Why shouldn’t tourists ask people’s age in the US? 3．How long does it usually take a British person in queues in his life? 4．What should you do before going into the fitting room in Japan? 5．What taboos do you have in your country? Why is it a taboo in your country? The Spring Festival is coming. It’s time to give gifts to your family and friends. But there are some taboos (禁忌) on gift giving. What are those in China? Chinese people don’t give a clock to others. A clock sounds like “zhong” in Chinese. So giving a clock is like saying “your time is up”. People will think it’s not lucky, especially for old people. Buying pears and shoes is also not a good choice. Pears sound like “li” and shoes sound like “xie” in Chinese. They are not good gifts for friends or parents, because they mean something bad in Chinese. What is a good gift then? Money can be the answer! A “red envelope” (红包) with money is the best gift in China. People give red envelopes to show their love. People have a “lucky” number of money in the red envelopes. The numbers six and eight are always the lucky numbers in China. So we must avoid giving the wrong gifts to others. 1．What gift can’t we give to old people? (不超过10个词) 2．How many bad gifts are there in the passage? (不超过5个词) 3．What is the passage mainly about? (不超过10个词) 能力综合实践5篇 Travelling gets easier and easier. We live in a global (全球的) village. But how do we know and understand each other? Here is a simple test. Imagine you have a meeting with foreign visitors at four o’clock, what time will your guests probably arrive? If they are Germans, they will be on time without doubt. If they are Americans, they will probably be 15 minutes early. If they are British, they will be 15 minutes late, and you should allow up to an hour for Italians. English is widely understood, but it is not necessarily (不一定) the same with English customs (风俗). For example, the British are happy to have a business lunch and discuss matters with a drink during the meal. The Japanese, however, prefer not to work while eating. In Japan, lunch should be a time to relax and to get to know one another, and the Japanese hardly ever drink at lunchtime. Germans like to talk business before dinner while the French like to eat first and talk afterwards. The French think they have to be well fed before they discuss anything. So it is important for us to know the saying: When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 1．When having a meeting, who will arrive first according to the passage? 2．If you want to talk business with the French at lunchtime, what should you do? 3．What advice would you give to foreigners in China? 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 In many cultures, being a good guest is highly valued. However, what makes a good guest can be different from one country to another. In China, guests are often treated like royalty. When you visit a Chinese home, you can expect to be offered tea, fruit, and snacks. The host will do everything to make you feel comfortable. In return, guests are expected to show appreciation and not be too demanding. In Western countries, the guest-host relationship is often more relaxed. Guests are expected to be independent and follow the host’s routine. For example, if the host says “Make yourself at home”, it means you can feel free to get a drink or use the bathroom without asking. One common rule everywhere is to bring a small gift when you are invited. It shows that you value the host’s invitation. Also, it is polite to offer help with cleaning up after a meal, though the host may refuse. When in doubt, it is always a good idea to ask. A simple question like “Is there anything I can do to help?” shows that you are considerate. 1．What can a guest expect when visiting a Chinese home?   2．In Western countries, what does “Make yourself at home” usually mean?   3．What is a common rule for guests everywhere?   4．What should you do if you are not sure about the custom?   5．What do you think is the most important quality of a good guest? Why?   请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容回答问题，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。 Many of us are used to greeting each other by shaking hands or hugging, which comes from Western customs. Do you know any customs of ancient Chinese people? · How to greet They usually used “zuoyi” gesture (作揖礼). To make this gesture, one needs to bow at an angle (角度) of 30 to 45 degrees with hands folded in the front. The rules are different for men and women. For men, the left hand is put over the right hand. But for women, the right hand is on the top. The Duke of Zhou created the gesture during the West Zhou Dynasty. Folding one’s hands shows others that you don’t have anything dangerous and haven’t come to fight. ________ When guests come, an old custom is that a host should welcome guests with boiled tea. Boiling tea is one of the oldest ways of brewing Chinese tea. It started in the Tang Dynasty. Later, in the Ming Dynasty, a faster way took its place—steeping (冲泡). Nowadays, weilu zhucha is getting popular again among Chinese young people. They like to sit around a stove, boil tea on it, eat some snacks and have a talk. How to say goodbye In ancient China, when people parted with friends, they always used willow (柳树) branches as a gift. One reason is that willow trees are strong. They can live anywhere, wet or dry, north or south. Because of this, giving a willow branch to say goodbye to loved ones is a way to tell them that you hope they will easily adapt to (适应) their new living environment. Meanwhile, the pronunciation for the willow tree “liu” is similar to the Chinese character “liu “, which means asking someone to stay. So it is like asking them to stay, even though we know that they must leave. It’s said that this custom became popular during the Han Dynasty. At that time, Baqiao, a bridge in Chang’an (today’s Xi’an) was a common place to say goodbye. 1．Why are the two pictures used in the passage? 2．What’s the best subtitle for the second part? 3．What did giving willow branches mean when ancient people parted with friends? (One example is OK.) 4．Which custom has the longest history? 5．Which custom do you want to follow today? Why? 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 If you spend some time in an English speaking country, you might hear the term “etiquette”. It means normal and social behavior. This may seem like a difficult word at first, but it can be very useful to understand. Etiquette is not the same in every culture or in every situation. For example, standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some Asian countries. However, if you do this in Europe, some people might feel uncomfortable. Even in China, we all know that etiquette is not the same in all situations. Perhaps we think that talking loudly in our own homes is fine, but there are other places where talking loudly is not allowed. For example, most people would agree that talking loudly in a library, a museum or a movie theater is impolite. Even if you are with your friends, it is better to keep your voice down in public places. If we see someone breaking the rules of etiquette, we may politely give them some suggestions. One of the most polite ways is to ask someone, “Would you mind doing this?” or “Would you mind not doing that?” People don’t usually like to be criticized, so we have to be careful how we do this. Although rules of etiquette can often be different, some rules are the same almost everywhere in the world! For example, dropping litter is almost never allowed. If you see someone you know doing this, you can ask him, “Would you mind picking it up?” 根据短文内容，简要回答下列问题。 1．What does the underlined word “etiquette” probably mean? 2．What’s the key sentence of Paragraph 2? 3．If your friend talks loudly in the library, what would you say to him/her? 4．In which countries can people stand close to the person they are talking with? 5．What’s the writer’s idea of Etiquette? If your birthday is coming, what kind of gifts would you expect? Or what will you buy for your friends’ birthdays? Mostly the giving of gifts and the culture are connected closely. Coming from the US, I have found gift-giving to be quite different in China compared to my home country. One example is the timing of when to open a gift. In the US, the person who gives the gift (let’s call them the “gifter”) will often want to see the person who gets the gift (let’s call them the “giftee”) immediately open the present. They want to see their reaction (反应) of excitement and joy. In China, however, it’s more polite to open the gifts after they come back home later. Another aspect (方面) I’ve found different is the openness and directness of giving money. Although people in the US might give money to their children, it is usually doing very secretly with the money put in a card and not discussed out loud. In China, the practice is much more open in a flashy red envelope. Finally, the monetary value (金钱观) of the gift can play a big role in China in ways that are different from the US. An expensive gift in the US is usually greeted with great excitement. But in China, it can make the giftee feel awkward (尴尬的) due to a sense of having to return the favor (恩惠) in the future to the gifter. So, the next time you give a gift to somebody, remember that culture and meaning are part of every action we take. 1．Is the writer from the US? 2．When do Chinese people usually open the gifts? 3．What are the differences in gift-giving between China and the US? 4．Is it a burden (负担) if you receive expensive gifts on your birthday? Why or why not?  (at least 2 reasons) 14 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 13 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $