Unit 5 Nature's Temper 重点单词短语及词性转换进阶练100题（三题型）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（人教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦单元核心词汇，通过音标/汉语提示、首字母、词形转换三题型100题递进训练，构建从音形义到语法应用的词汇能力体系，提升语言理解与表达能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |音标/汉语提示填空|40题|直接考查单词拼写（音形义对应）|围绕“自然力量”主题词汇，从基础拼写起步| |首字母填空|30题|语境中词汇应用（首字母提示）|进阶至结合上下文的词汇联想与应用| |词形转换填空|30题|语法变形（词性/时态等转换）|综合考查词汇的语法功能，形成从基础到综合的能力链条|

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 重点单词短语及词性转换进阶练100题（三题型） 说明：此专题分三种题型，难度依次递升，大家根据实际情况选择进行专项训练！ 一、根据音标或汉语提示填空，每小题1分，满分40分 1．The /ˈreskjuː/ ________ workers arrived at the mudslide area in time. 2．The /ˈhevi/ ________ snow caused many traffic problems in the city. 3．The ground shook so hard that people ________ /rʌʃt/ out of the building immediately. 4．The little boy was ________ /ˈnɪəli/ hit by a falling branch during the typhoon. 5．A huge /ˈlændslaɪd/ ________ covered the railway, and no train could pass. 6．Education is not _________ /̩prepə̍reIʃn/ for life; education is life itself. 7．The cat was sleeping ________ /̍saʊndli/ when a great noise from outside woke it up. 8．Don’t forget to turn off the ________ /ˈpaʊə(r)/ before you leave here. 9．Don’t ________ ['trʌbl] yourself with these small things. I can do them by myself. 10．His ________ /ˈnɒlɪdʒ/ of history is impressive; he knows so many details. 11．My family will visit my ________ /ˈrelətɪv/ in the countryside during the Spring Festival. 12．After the ________ (/'ɜːθkweɪk/), many people became homeless. 13．The nurse heard the ________ /əˈlɑːrm/ sound and immediately ran to check on her patients. 14．Although the ________ /flʌd/ broke many things, it brought people closer. 15．The forest was so ________ /θɪk/ that the wind could hardly blow through the leaves. 16．The typhoon ________ many trees and power lines. (吹倒) 17．The young ________ (女学生) told us about her experience in the heavy rain. 18．The storm damaged the town ________ (非常糟地). 19．If you want to succeed, you need to make a lot of ________ (努力). 20．She has a great ________ (天赋) for music. She can play the piano very well. 21．This book is ________ (值得) reading. You can learn a lot from it. 22．We should ________ (珍视) the friendship between us. 23．He often does ________ (自愿的) work in the community to help others. 24．Can you ________ (证明) that you were at home last night? 25．I like reading ________ (文学的) works in my spare time. 26．The thief ________ (偷) my wallet on the bus yesterday. I was very angry. 27．She often ________ (强迫) herself to be polite to others. 28．It’s very necessary to pour out our ________ (烦恼) to our parents. 29．The scientist uses his ________ (知识) to help factories produce better cars. 30．I ________ (几乎) missed the school bus this morning. 31．We should always ________ for natural disasters. (做好准备) 32．The government helped ________ the destroyed houses after the flood. (重建) 33．Please ________ the lights and fans before leaving the classroom. (关掉) 34．________, dark clouds appeared in the sky and the wind started to blow. (突然) 35．When the earthquake happened, we ________ under a strong table. (躲藏) 36．The volunteers helped ________ the park after the storm. (清理) 37．Everyone should ________ a family emergency plan for natural disasters. (制定) 38．We should respect the ________ (力量) of nature instead of trying to control it. 39．It is hard to walk through the ________ (厚的) jungle in the rainforest. 40．The heavy rain began to ________ (敲打) against the window. 二、根据首字母填空，每小题1分，满分30分 41．We must o________ the rules to keep safe. 42．The storm b________ everything away last night. 43．We must take action to s__________ the environment for future generations. 44．Reading books can increase our k________. 45．Several v________ are working together to clean up the park. 46．My favourite r________ is my aunt because she always tells funny stories. 47．Eating mooncakes is a t________ during the Mid-Autumn Festival. 48．I haven’t seen him s________ last Friday. Where has he gone? 49．Many people regard firefighters as h________ because they save people from fires bravely. 50．He r________ my invitation to the party because he was too busy. 51．Among all the subjects, I think maths is the w________. I always have trouble with it. 52．The o________ of the house is very kind. He always welcomes guests warmly. 53．I r________ a letter from my pen pal yesterday. It made me very happy. 54．Let’s c________ him on his winning the first prize in the competition. 55．We were having dinner when it b________ to rain. 56．They were playing outside when it began to rain h________. 57．I was so scared that I could h________ think clearly. 58．The news on TV r________ that there was a heavy rainstorm. 59．They were running to the b_________ to keep out of the rain. 60．The car was driving at a very high s________, which was very dangerous. 61．He was so tired that he fell a________ on the sofa very quickly. 62．The building began to s________ when the earthquake happened. 63．The radio w________ people about the coming typhoon early in the morning. 64．One winter, a heavy s________ hit the village and everyone tried their best to clear the snow in front of the house. 65．His bad t________ often makes him argue with others over small things. 66．Try to hide under a strong table or in a corner of the room to protect yourself in an e________. 67．I didn’t catch the school bus this morning, so I had to run to school out of b________. 68．Some volunteers are cleaning up the mess caused by the l________. 69．An earthquake h________ the city and destroyed a lot of small houses. 70．The s________ guards in the railway station protect the passengers’ safety. 三、用单词的适当形式填空，每小题1分，满分30分 71．He ________ (lie) on the sofa when I entered the room. 72．________ (thankful), no one got hurt in the sudden storm. 73．We should start to protect the environment before the ________ (bad) thing happens. 74．He ________ (refuse) to run away when the rainstorm came. 75．Those who protect the environment are real ________ (hero) in our hearts. 76．We can learn more about nature’s disaster by getting more ________(know). 77．The whole city was sad about the ________ (dead) of the great scientist. 78．Books can open our minds and change our ________ (life). 79．Can you see the ________ (different) between these two pictures? 80．Everyone passed the test ________ (除了) Tom. 81．If you’re in a burning building, stay in a safe room and wait for ________ (firefight). 82．We visited some small villages in ________(southwest) Mexico. 83．When I ________ (leave) the house, the whole street was still quiet and peaceful. 84．They often volunteer________(clean) up the street. 85．The air in Cairo became ________ (terrible) dirty because of the sandstorm. 86．We should check our ________ (supply) of food and water. 87．Our typhoon ________ (prepare) helped keep our family safe. 88．The teacher gave us some good ________ (recommend) on how to learn English well. 89．The boy ________ (secret) took his father’s phone and played games on it. 90．I ________ (regret) not studying hard when I was in primary school. Now I realize the importance of learning. 91．Walking alone at night in this area is ________ (safe). You’d better go with someone. 92．My grandparents got ________ (marry) fifty years ago. They have a happy family. 93．It’s ________ (common) to see snow in this area in autumn. Usually, it doesn’t snow at this time of year. 94．The baby slept ________ (sound) last night. His parents didn’t hear any noise from him. 95．The storm caused ________ to many houses in the village. (damage) 96．The long ________ (dry) makes the farmers’ lives very hard. 97．The government gave a ________ about the coming typhoon on the radio. (warn) 98．Mr. Green ________ (drive) at high speed when a truck hit their car suddenly on the highway. 99．When I passed by, the students ________ (admire) the beautiful paintings. 100．It was a ________ (storm) night, so we had to stay at home. 4 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 3 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 重点单词短语及词性转换进阶练100题（三题型） 说明：此专题分三种题型，难度依次递升，大家根据实际情况选择进行专项训练！ 一、根据音标或汉语提示填空，每小题1分，满分40分 1．The /ˈreskjuː/ ________ workers arrived at the mudslide area in time. 【答案】rescue 【详解】句意：救援人员及时赶到了泥石流区域。根据音标/ˈreskjuː/及“workers（工作人员）”“mudslide area（泥石流区域）”的语境，对应的单词是rescue，可作形容词修饰workers，意为“救援的”，符合语义。 2．The /ˈhevi/ ________ snow caused many traffic problems in the city. 【答案】heavy 【详解】句意：这场大雪给这座城市造成了许多交通问题。句中给出音标/ˈhevi/提示，对应发音的单词heavy表示“大量的；厚重的”，结合修饰名词snow的语境，符合语义。       3．The ground shook so hard that people ________ /rʌʃt/ out of the building immediately. 【答案】rushed 【详解】句意：地面摇晃得非常厉害，人们立刻冲出了大楼。根据给出的音标/rʌʃt/，结合句子时态为一般过去时，此处要用动词过去式，“冲”符合句意要求，对应单词为rushed。故填rushed。 4．The little boy was ________ /ˈnɪəli/ hit by a falling branch during the typhoon. 【答案】nearly 【详解】句意：台风期间，这个小男孩差点被倒下的树枝撞到。根据音标提示可知，此处应填副词nearly“差一点”。 5．A huge /ˈlændslaɪd/ ________ covered the railway, and no train could pass. 【答案】landslide 【详解】句意：一场巨大的山体滑坡掩埋了铁路，没有火车可以通过。根据所给音标可知，对应的英文单词为landslide“山体滑坡”。由于空格前有不定冠词“A”，应用名词单数形式。 6．Education is not _________ /̩prepə̍reIʃn/ for life; education is life itself. 【答案】preparation 【详解】句意：教育不是为生活做准备；教育本身就是生活。音标/ˌprepəˈreɪʃn/对应的单词是preparation，意为“准备”，preparation for表示“为……做准备”。 7．The cat was sleeping ________ /̍saʊndli/ when a great noise from outside woke it up. 【答案】soundly 【详解】句意：那只猫正睡得香甜，突然被外面一阵巨大的声响惊醒了。根据音标可知，soundly “(睡得)沉，酣(睡)”，副词，修饰此句的“was sleeping”。 8．Don’t forget to turn off the ________ /ˈpaʊə(r)/ before you leave here. 【答案】power 【详解】句意：在你离开这里之前，别忘了关掉电源。根据音标/ˈpaʊə(r)/可知单词为power，意为“电源”，名词作宾语。 9．Don’t ________ ['trʌbl] yourself with these small things. I can do them by myself. 【答案】trouble 【详解】句意：别为这些小事费心，我自己能做。根据音标可知，此处应用trouble“麻烦”，动词，祈使句动词用原形即可。故填trouble。 10．His ________ /ˈnɒlɪdʒ/ of history is impressive; he knows so many details. 【答案】knowledge 【详解】句意：他的历史知识令人印象深刻；他知道这么多细节。根据音标可知，此处为名词knowledge“知识”，作主语。故填knowledge。 11．My family will visit my ________ /ˈrelətɪv/ in the countryside during the Spring Festival. 【答案】relative 【详解】句意：春节期间我的家人将去乡下看望我的亲戚。 通过音标/ˈrelətɪv/，对应的单词是“relative”，意为“亲戚”。 故填relative。 12．After the ________ (/'ɜːθkweɪk/), many people became homeless. 【答案】earthquake 【详解】句意：地震之后，许多人变得无家可归。根据音标可知，earthquake“地震”，名词，此处表示这场地震，用单数形式即可。故填earthquake。 13．The nurse heard the ________ /əˈlɑːrm/ sound and immediately ran to check on her patients. 【答案】alarm 【详解】句意：护士听到警报声，立刻跑去查看她的病人。/əˈlɑːm/对应的单词是alarm，意为“警报；警报器”。故填alarm。 14．Although the ________ /flʌd/ broke many things, it brought people closer. 【答案】flood 【详解】句意：尽管洪水毁坏了许多东西，但它让人们走得更近了。根据音标/flʌd/可知，对应的单词是flood“洪水”，为名词，在句中作主语，符合语境，故填flood。 15．The forest was so ________ /θɪk/ that the wind could hardly blow through the leaves. 【答案】thick 【详解】句意：森林如此茂密，以至于风几乎无法吹过树叶。根据音标/θɪk/可知，其英文为thick，意为“茂密的”，故填thick。 16．The typhoon ________ many trees and power lines. (吹倒) 【答案】blew down 【详解】句意：台风吹倒了很多树和电线。“吹倒”对应的短语是“blow down”，在句中作谓语，结合句意，台风吹倒树木和电线是过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时，“blow” 的过去式为“blew”。 17．The young ________ (女学生) told us about her experience in the heavy rain. 【答案】schoolgirl 【详解】句意：这个年轻的女学生给我们讲述了她在大雨中的经历。“女学生”对应的英文是“schoolgirl”，结合句中“her”可知此处用单数形式，符合语境。 18．The storm damaged the town ________ (非常糟地). 【答案】terribly 【详解】句意：暴风雨严重损坏了这个城镇。分析句子，结合中文提示可知，此处应填入terribly，副词，修饰动词damaged。 19．If you want to succeed, you need to make a lot of ________ (努力). 【答案】effort 【详解】句意：如果你想要成功，你需要做很多的努力。根据汉语提示，effort“努力”，此处表示泛指，make a lot of effort“付出很多努力”，固定搭配。 20．She has a great ________ (天赋) for music. She can play the piano very well. 【答案】gift/talent 【详解】句意：她有音乐天赋。她弹钢琴弹得非常好。表示“天赋”，用gift/talent，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数名词。 21．This book is ________ (值得) reading. You can learn a lot from it. 【答案】worth 【详解】句意：这本书值得一读。你可以从这本书中学到很多。根据汉语提示可知，worth“值得”，be worth doing“值得做某事”，固定搭配。应填worth。 22．We should ________ (珍视) the friendship between us. 【答案】value 【详解】句意：我们应该珍视我们之间的友谊。原句中“珍视”为关键词，表示“珍视”的单词为“value”，句中有情态动词should，后面的动词用原形“value”。 23．He often does ________ (自愿的) work in the community to help others. 【答案】voluntary 【详解】句意：他经常在社区做自愿的工作来帮助别人。空格后为名词work，需要用形容词来修饰该名词，“自愿的”对应的英文形容词为voluntary，符合此处语境与语法要求，故填voluntary。 24．Can you ________ (证明) that you were at home last night? 【答案】prove 【详解】句意：你能证明你昨晚在家吗？prove“证明”，根据句首的情态动词“Can”可知，用原形。 25．I like reading ________ (文学的) works in my spare time. 【答案】literary 【详解】句意：我喜欢在空闲时间读文学作品。根据汉语提示可知，literary“文学的”。 26．The thief ________ (偷) my wallet on the bus yesterday. I was very angry. 【答案】stole 【详解】句意：昨天小偷在公共汽车上偷了我的钱包。我非常生气。steal“偷”，时间状语“yesterday”说明动作发生在过去，句子要用一般过去时，动词用过去式stole。 27．She often ________ (强迫) herself to be polite to others. 【答案】forces 【详解】句意：她经常强迫自己对别人有礼貌。force“强迫”，动词。force sb. to do sth.表示“强迫某人做某事”，固定搭配。主语She是第三人称单数，表达习惯性/经常性的行为应用一般现在时，动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填forces。 28．It’s very necessary to pour out our ________ (烦恼) to our parents. 【答案】worries 【详解】句意：向父母倾诉我们的烦恼是非常有必要的。worry“烦恼”，此处前面有形容词性物主代词our（我们的），表示泛指多种烦恼，需用复数形式worries。 29．The scientist uses his ________ (知识) to help factories produce better cars. 【答案】knowledge 【详解】句意：这位科学家利用他的知识帮助工厂生产更好的汽车。knowledge“知识”，不可数名词，作宾语。 30．I ________ (几乎) missed the school bus this morning. 【答案】almost/nearly 【详解】句意：我今天早上几乎错过了校车。根据汉语提示，此处表示“几乎”，应填副词almost或nearly。 31．We should always ________ for natural disasters. (做好准备) 【答案】be prepared 【详解】句意：我们应该时刻为自然灾害做好准备。根据汉语提示“做好准备”，结合空前的“should always”和空后的“for natural disasters”，可知此处需要填入一个表示“做好准备”的短语。“be prepared for”是固定短语，意为“为……做好准备”，且“should”是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填be prepared。 32．The government helped ________ the destroyed houses after the flood. (重建) 【答案】rebuild 【详解】句意：洪水过后，政府帮助重建了被毁的房屋。根据汉语提示“重建”可知，此处应填入动词rebuild。句中help的用法为help (to) do sth.，表示“帮助做某事”，help后接动词原形。 33．Please ________ the lights and fans before leaving the classroom. (关掉) 【答案】turn off 【详解】句意：离开教室前请关掉灯和风扇。根据汉语提示“关掉”可知，此处应填入动词短语turn off。句中“Please”开头，表明这是一个祈使句，用于发出指令或请求，祈使句中谓语动词需用原形。 34．________, dark clouds appeared in the sky and the wind started to blow. (突然) 【答案】Suddenly 【详解】句意：突然，天空中出现了乌云，风开始吹起来。suddenly“突然”，副词，作状语，修饰整个句子，句首首字母大写。故填suddenly。 35．When the earthquake happened, we ________ under a strong table. (躲藏) 【答案】hid 【详解】句意：地震发生时，我们躲在一张结实的桌子下面。hide“躲藏”，根据“When the earthquake happened”可知，动作发生在过去，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式hid。 36．The volunteers helped ________ the park after the storm. (清理) 【答案】clean up/to clean up 【详解】句意：暴风雨过后，志愿者们帮助清理了公园。clean up“清理（场地）”，help (to) do sth“帮助做某事”，此处可以直接用动词原形，也可以用不定式。故填clean up/to clean up。 37．Everyone should ________ a family emergency plan for natural disasters. (制定) 【答案】make 【详解】句意：每个人都应该为自然灾害制定一个家庭应急计划。make a plan“制定计划”，情态动词should后接动词原形。 38．We should respect the ________ (力量) of nature instead of trying to control it. 【答案】power 【详解】句意：我们应该尊重大自然的力量，而不是试图控制它。power“力量”，作宾语，the power of nature“大自然的力量”。 39．It is hard to walk through the ________ (厚的) jungle in the rainforest. 【答案】thick 【详解】句意：在雨林中穿过茂密的丛林是困难的。根据“the”及“jungle”提示，需填形容词作定语。“厚的”在此语境下意为“茂密的”，用形容词thick。 40．The heavy rain began to ________ (敲打) against the window. 【答案】beat 【详解】句意：大雨开始敲打窗户。beat against是固定搭配，表示“敲打”，begin to do sth.，to后必须接动词原形，所以填beat。 二、根据首字母填空，每小题1分，满分30分 41．We must o________ the rules to keep safe. 【答案】obey/bey 【详解】句意：我们必须遵守规则来保证安全。“We must o... the rules”表示遵守规则，obey“遵守”，句中情态动词“must”后接动词原形。 42．The storm b________ everything away last night. 【答案】blew/lew 【详解】句意：昨晚暴风雨把所有东西都吹走了。根据首字母“b”以及“last night”“everything away”的语境可知，这里需要一个表示“吹”的动词过去式，blew“吹”（blow的过去式）符合首字母及语义要求。 43．We must take action to s__________ the environment for future generations. 【答案】safeguard/afeguard 【详解】句意：为了子孙后代，我们必须采取行动来保护环境。take action to do sth.“采取行动去做某事”，应用动词原形；结合空格后“the environment for future generations”，此处是指为子孙后代保护环境，首字母s对应动词safeguard，用原形即可。 44．Reading books can increase our k________. 【答案】knowledge/nowledge 【详解】句意：读书可以增加我们的知识。根据首字母提示和“Reading books”的语境可知，此处表示读书能增加的事物，名词knowledge“知识”符合语境，且knowledge为不可数名词，无需变形。 45．Several v________ are working together to clean up the park. 【答案】volunteers/olunteers 【详解】句意：几名志愿者正在一起清理公园。根据“一起清理公园”的句意和首字母提示可知，此空合适的单词是志愿者“volunteer”，several后接可数名词复数形式volunteers。 46．My favourite r________ is my aunt because she always tells funny stories. 【答案】relative/elative 【详解】句意：我最喜欢的亲戚是我的姑姑，因为她总是讲有趣的故事。根据首字母提示和“is my aunt” 可知，此处需要表示“亲戚”的单数名词，relative“亲戚”符合语境，故填relative。 47．Eating mooncakes is a t________ during the Mid-Autumn Festival. 【答案】tradition/radition 【详解】句意：吃月饼是中秋节的一项传统。tradition意为“传统；惯例”，不定冠词a后接单数可数名词。 48．I haven’t seen him s________ last Friday. Where has he gone? 【答案】since/ince 【详解】句意：自从上周五开始，我就没有见过他了。他去哪里了？分析句子可知，此处为时间状语。根据首字母提示和句子中的现在完成时结构可知，应填since，现在完成时的时间标志词。 49．Many people regard firefighters as h________ because they save people from fires bravely. 【答案】heroes/eroes 【详解】句意：许多人将消防员们视为英雄，因为他们勇敢地从火中拯救了很多人的生命。regard sb. as…“将……视为……”，后面接名词。根据首字母和句意可知，hero“英雄”，此处用复数形式，应填heroes。 50．He r________ my invitation to the party because he was too busy. 【答案】refused/efused 【详解】句意：他拒绝了我的派对邀请，因为他太忙了。根据“he was too busy”及首字母可知，是指拒绝了邀请，refuse“拒绝”，时态是一般过去时，动词需用过去式refused。 51．Among all the subjects, I think maths is the w________. I always have trouble with it. 【答案】worst/orst 【详解】句意：在所有科目中，我认为数学是最差的。我学它的时候总是很困难。“Among all the subjects”表示“在所有科目中”，“I always have trouble with it”表示“我学它的时候总是很困难”，说明数学是最不好、最糟糕的科目。worst“最糟糕的，最差的”，故填worst。 52．The o________ of the house is very kind. He always welcomes guests warmly. 【答案】owner/wner 【详解】句意：这房子的主人很和蔼。他总是热情地欢迎客人。根据“The...of the house”和“He always welcomes guests warmly.”以及首字母提示可知，此处是指房子的主人。owner“主人”，根据“is”可知，用单数；the owner of the house“这房子的主人”。 53．I r________ a letter from my pen pal yesterday. It made me very happy. 【答案】received/eceived 【详解】句意：昨天我收到了笔友的一封信。这让我非常高兴。receive a letter from sb“收到某人的来信”，时间状语是“yesterday”，说明句子要用一般过去时，动词需要用过去式received。 54．Let’s c________ him on his winning the first prize in the competition. 【答案】congratulate/ongratulate 【详解】句意：让我们祝贺他在比赛中获得一等奖。此处使用搭配congratulate sb. on sth./doing sth.，意为“因某事祝贺某人”，Let’s后接动词原形congratulate。 55．We were having dinner when it b________ to rain. 【答案】began/egan 【详解】句意：下雨的时候我们正在吃晚饭。句子前半部分“We were having dinner”是过去进行时，表示“过去正在进行的动作”。when引导的从句表示“一个动作发生时，另一个动作突然发生”，从句需用一般过去时。根据首字母b和搭配to rain，此处填动词begin的过去式began，表示“开始下雨”。 56．They were playing outside when it began to rain h________. 【答案】heavily/eavily 【详解】句意：天开始下大雨的时候他们正在外面玩耍。句中动词rain需用副词修饰，结合首字母h及语境，应选用副词heavily，表示“大量地、猛烈地”，用来描述雨下得很大，故填heavily。 57．I was so scared that I could h________ think clearly. 【答案】hardly/ardly 【详解】句意：我如此害怕，以至于几乎不能清晰地思考。句子使用了so...that...结构，表示“如此…… 以至于……”，前半句说“我非常害怕”，后半句的结果是“无法清晰思考”，hardly表示否定含义，与“害怕”导致的状态完全匹配，并且首字母h和语境完全匹配hardly（副词，意为“几乎不”）。 58．The news on TV r________ that there was a heavy rainstorm. 【答案】reported/eported 【详解】句意：电视新闻报道了发生了一场大暴雨。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语；根据句中“The news on TV”及“heavy rainstorm”提示，语义与“报道”相关；分析句子结构，宾语从句使用了过去时态“there was”，主句谓语也应用一般过去时与之呼应。结合首字母“r”，故填reported。 59．They were running to the b_________ to keep out of the rain. 【答案】building/uilding 【详解】句意：他们正跑向那栋建筑物以避雨。空格前为定冠词“the”，空格后为不定式“to keep out of the rain”，需填入一个表示场所的单数名词，首字母为b，“building”（建筑物）是常见的避雨场所。故填building。 60．The car was driving at a very high s________, which was very dangerous. 【答案】speed/peed 【详解】句意：那辆汽车以很高的速度行驶，非常危险。根据首字母“s”和语境可知，速度快会导致危险。at a high speed是固定短语，意为“以高速”。故填speed。 61．He was so tired that he fell a________ on the sofa very quickly. 【答案】asleep/sleep 【详解】句意：他太累了，很快就在沙发上睡着了。fall asleep为固定搭配表示睡着，符合句意。故填asleep。 62．The building began to s________ when the earthquake happened. 【答案】shake/hake 【详解】句意：地震发生时，大楼开始摇晃。根据首字母s和earthquake(地震) 可知，shake“摇晃”符合语境，begin to do sth.是固定搭配，此处用动词原形shake。 63．The radio w________ people about the coming typhoon early in the morning. 【答案】warned/arned 【详解】句意：收音机一大早就警告人们台风即将来临。根据首字母“w”及广播播报台风预警的语境，用单词warn；句中时间状语early in the morning表示过去，动词用过去式warned，意为“警告；提醒”。故填warned。 64．One winter, a heavy s________ hit the village and everyone tried their best to clear the snow in front of the house. 【答案】snowstorm/nowstorm 【详解】句意：一年冬天，一场暴风雪袭击了村子，每个人都尽最大努力清除房子前面的雪。根据“One winter”和“clear the snow”可知，袭击村子的是暴风雪，snowstorm“暴风雪”，a后跟单数名词。 65．His bad t________ often makes him argue with others over small things. 【答案】temper/emper 【详解】句意：他的坏脾气经常使他为小事与别人争吵。根据“often makes him argue with others over small things”及首字母提示可知，导致因小事而争吵的，应是坏脾气。temper“脾气”，bad temper表示“坏脾气”。 66．Try to hide under a strong table or in a corner of the room to protect yourself in an e________. 【答案】earthquake/arthquake 【详解】句意：在地震中，尽量躲在坚固的桌子下或房间的角落里保护自己。句中不定冠词an后接可数名词单数，结合首字母e和“躲在桌子下保护自己”的语境，对应的单词是earthquake，意为“地震”，符合语义。 67．I didn’t catch the school bus this morning, so I had to run to school out of b________. 【答案】breath/reath 【详解】我今天早上没赶上校车，所以不得不气喘吁吁地跑去学校。该处需一个名词，在句中作介词of的宾语，根据句意“没赶上校车，气喘吁吁地跑向学校”和首字母“b”，此处应是“气喘吁吁地”一词，out of breath“气喘吁吁地”符合语境。 68．Some volunteers are cleaning up the mess caused by the l________. 【答案】litter/itter 【详解】句意：一些志愿者正在清理垃圾造成的混乱。根据首字母“l”及句意，空格处应填“垃圾”，litter。故填litter。 69．An earthquake h________ the city and destroyed a lot of small houses. 【答案】hit/it 【详解】句意：一场地震袭击了这座城市，摧毁了许多小房子。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语，结合后文“destroyed”（一般过去时）可知，此处动作与“摧毁”并列，也需用一般过去时，根据句意和首字母“h”，此处应是“袭击”一词，应填hit。 70．The s________ guards in the railway station protect the passengers’ safety. 【答案】security/ecurity 【详解】句意：火车站的安保人员保护乘客的安全。根据首字母提示以及“guards”和“protect the passengers’ safety”可知，此处表示“安保人员”。名词security意为“安全”，与guards构成固定搭配security guards，意为“保安人员；安全警卫”。 三、用单词的适当形式填空，每小题1分，满分30分 71．He ________ (lie) on the sofa when I entered the room. 【答案】was lying 【详解】句意：当我进入房间时，他正躺在沙发上。when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时（entered），主句表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时，结构为was/were + 现在分词；主语He是第三人称单数，助动词用was，lie的现在分词是lying。 72．________ (thankful), no one got hurt in the sudden storm. 【答案】Thankfully 【详解】句意：值得庆幸的是，没有人在这场突如其来的暴风雨中受伤。此处需要副词修饰整个句子，“thankful”的副词形式是“thankfully”，表示“幸运地；庆幸地”，符合语境，且句首单词首字母需大写。 73．We should start to protect the environment before the ________ (bad) thing happens. 【答案】worst 【详解】句意：我们应该在最坏的情况发生之前开始保护环境。此处表示“最坏的”，需要用“bad”的最高级形式“worst”，且最高级前通常加定冠词“the”，符合语境。 74．He ________ (refuse) to run away when the rainstorm came. 【答案】refused 【详解】句意：暴雨来临时，他拒绝逃跑。“when the rainstorm came”（暴雨来临的时候）表明句子是一般过去时，“refuse”的过去式是“refused”，符合语境和时态要求。 75．Those who protect the environment are real ________ (hero) in our hearts. 【答案】heroes 【详解】句意：那些保护环境的人是我们心中真正的英雄。主语“Those”是复数，对应的表语也需要用复数形式，“hero”的复数是“heroes”，符合语境。 76．We can learn more about nature’s disaster by getting more ________(know). 【答案】knowledge 【详解】句意：我们可以通过获取更多知识来更多地了解自然灾害。此处需要名词作“getting”的宾语，“know”的名词形式是“knowledge”，表示“知识”，为不可数名词，符合语境。 77．The whole city was sad about the ________ (dead) of the great scientist. 【答案】death 【详解】句意：全城都为这个伟大的科学家的死而感到悲伤。根据“the… of”可知需要填写名词。故填death。 78．Books can open our minds and change our ________ (life). 【答案】lives 【详解】句意：书籍可以开阔我们的思维，改变我们的生活。life为可数名词，意为“生活”，此处根据语境可知，应用其复数形式，表示“我们的生活”，应填lives。 79．Can you see the ________ (different) between these two pictures? 【答案】difference 【详解】句意：你能看出这两张图片之间的区别吗？different为形容词，意为“不同的”，此处需要填其名词形式，表示“区别”，且根据语境可知，此处应用单数形式，应填difference。 80．Everyone passed the test ________ (除了) Tom. 【答案】except/but 【详解】句意：除了汤姆，所有人都通过了考试。 except/but“除了”，后接名词Tom，表示从整体中排除，except或but均可。 81．If you’re in a burning building, stay in a safe room and wait for ________ (firefight). 【答案】firefighters 【详解】句意：如果你在着火的大楼里，待在安全的房间里等待消防员。前面提到“burning building”。 可知要等待“消防员” ，对应英文是firefighter，这里用复数firefighters泛指一类人。 82．We visited some small villages in ________(southwest) Mexico. 【答案】southwestern 【详解】句意：我们参观了墨西哥西南部的一些小村庄。southwest“西南”，此处用其形容词形式southwestern“西南部的”修饰名词Mexico。 83．When I ________ (leave) the house, the whole street was still quiet and peaceful. 【答案】left 【详解】句意：当我离开房子时，整条街道仍然安静而平和。主句使用了过去时（was），从句中描述过去发生的具体动作，用一般过去时。leave的过去式为left。 84．They often volunteer________(clean) up the street. 【答案】to clean 【详解】句意：他们经常自愿清扫街道。volunteer自愿，后接不定式作宾语。volunteer to do something自愿做某事。故填to clean。 85．The air in Cairo became ________ (terrible) dirty because of the sandstorm. 【答案】terribly 【详解】句意：开罗的空气因为沙尘暴变得极其肮脏。分析句子结构可知，空格处用于修饰其后的形容词dirty，需使用副词形式。形容词terrible“可怕的；严重的”以字母-le结尾，变为副词时需将词尾的e变为y。 86．We should check our ________ (supply) of food and water. 【答案】 supplies 【详解】句意：我们应该检查我们的食物和水的供应情况。句中“check”为动词，提示此处应用名词形式作宾语；supply作名词时，表示“供应（量）”，为可数名词，此处指的是“食物和水的供应”，应用复数形式supplies。 87．Our typhoon ________ (prepare) helped keep our family safe. 【答案】preparation 【详解】句意：我们为台风所做的准备帮助保护了我们全家的安全。句子缺少主语，此处表示“为台风所做的准备”，应用名词短语作主语，“prepare”的名词形式为“preparation”。 88．The teacher gave us some good ________ (recommend) on how to learn English well. 【答案】recommendations 【详解】句意：老师就如何学好英语给了我们一些很好的建议。此空在形容词good和不定代词some之后，需要填名词，recommend的名词形式是recommendation，前面有“some”修饰，用复数形式recommendations。 89．The boy ________ (secret) took his father’s phone and played games on it. 【答案】secretly 【详解】句意：这个男孩偷偷地拿走了爸爸的手机，在上面玩游戏。句子成分分析可知句子已完整，可填入副词修饰动词took，secret的副词形式是secretly。 90．I ________ (regret) not studying hard when I was in primary school. Now I realize the importance of learning. 【答案】regretted 【详解】句意：我后悔在小学时没有努力学习。现在我意识到了学习的重要性。描述过去对过去行为的感受，需用一般过去时。“regret”的过去式为“regretted”。 91．Walking alone at night in this area is ________ (safe). You’d better go with someone. 【答案】unsafe 【详解】句意：晚上独自在这个地区行走是不安全的。你最好和别人一起去。根据“You’d better go with someone.”以及所给单词可知，应填safe的反义词unsafe“不安全的”，作表语，表示晚上独自在这个地区行走是不安全的。 92．My grandparents got ________ (marry) fifty years ago. They have a happy family. 【答案】married 【详解】句意：我祖父母50年前结婚了。他们有一个幸福的家庭。根据“got...”以及所给单词可知，应填marry的形容词形式married，作表语，表示结婚了，get married“结婚”。 93．It’s ________ (common) to see snow in this area in autumn. Usually, it doesn’t snow at this time of year. 【答案】uncommon 【详解】句意：秋天在这个地区见到雪是罕见的。通常来说，每年的这个时候都不会下雪。“Usually, it doesn’t snow at this time of year”说明秋天在这里见到雪是罕见的。common“常见的”，反义词为uncommon“不常见的，罕见的”。故填uncommon。 94．The baby slept ________ (sound) last night. His parents didn’t hear any noise from him. 【答案】soundly 【详解】句意：婴儿昨晚睡得很香。他的父母没有听到他的任何声音。此空需要用副词，作状语，修饰动词slept，sound的副词形式是soundly，sleep soundly“睡得香甜”。 95．The storm caused ________ to many houses in the village. (damage) 【答案】damage 【详解】句意：这场风暴给村里的许多房屋造成了损害。分析句子结构可知，动词caused后面需要接名词作宾语，构成“cause sth. to...”的结构。括号内给出的词damage既可以作动词也可以作名词，此处作为名词“损害、破坏”讲时，通常为不可数名词。 96．The long ________ (dry) makes the farmers’ lives very hard. 【答案】drought 【详解】句意：长期的干旱让农民们的生活十分艰难。dry“干燥的”，形容词long后接名词，dry的名词形式为drought，不可数名词。 97．The government gave a ________ about the coming typhoon on the radio. (warn) 【答案】warning 【详解】句意：政府在广播中对即将到来的台风发出了警告。不定冠词a后接可数名词单数，warn的名词形式warning“预警、警告”。 98．Mr. Green ________ (drive) at high speed when a truck hit their car suddenly on the highway. 【答案】was driving 【详解】句意：格林先生在高速公路上正高速驾驶时，突然一辆卡车撞上了他们的车。句中“when a truck hit their car suddenly”为过去的时间状语从句，描述一个短暂动作。主句表示在卡车撞击那一刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。主语Mr. Green”为第三人称单数，故“was driving。 99．When I passed by, the students ________ (admire) the beautiful paintings. 【答案】were admiring 【详解】句意：当我经过时，学生们正在欣赏美丽的画作。When I passed by表明了一个过去的特定时间点，主句动作“欣赏画作”是在这个时间点正在发生的动作，因此要用过去进行时。 过去进行时的结构是was/were + 动词现在分词，主语the students是复数，be动词用were，admire的现在分词是admiring，因此填were admiring。 100．It was a ________ (storm) night, so we had to stay at home. 【答案】stormy 【详解】句意：那是一个暴风雨的夜晚，所以我们不得不待在家里。句中名词night需要形容词作定语来修饰，括号内storm是名词，意为“暴风雨”，其形容词形式为stormy，表示“有暴风雨的、多风暴的”，符合句子语境。 14 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 13 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $