Unit 3 Growing up 重点单词讲解 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit 3 Growing up 【重点单词讲解】 1. deal with处理；对付 派生词：deal n. 协议；交易 短语搭配：deal with problems 处理问题；deal with difficulties 应对困难 例句：I don't know how to deal with this bad situation. 练一练：We should learn ______ (处理) our mistakes bravely. 2. emotion /ɪˈməʊʃn/ n. 情感；情绪 派生词：emotional adj. 情感的、情绪的、易激动的 短语搭配：positive emotions 积极情绪；express emotions 表达情感 例句：She tried to control her emotions when she heard the news. 练一练：His ______ (emotion) voice showed that he was very sad. 3. upset /ʌpˈset/ adj. 难过的；沮丧的 短语搭配：be upset about sth. 因某事难过；feel upset 感到沮丧 例句：She was upset because she failed the exam. 练一练：The bad news made him ______ (upset) yesterday. 4. lonely /ˈləʊnli/ adj. 孤独的；寂寞的 短语搭配：feel lonely 感到孤独；a lonely village 偏僻的村庄 例句：He lives alone, but he never feels lonely. 练一练：The old man often feels ______ (alone) because his children live far away. 区分： 词性 意义 例句 alone 副 / 形 客观上独自、单独 He goes to school alone. lonely 形容词 主观孤独；（地点）偏僻 She feels lonely 5. shocked /ʃɒkt/ adj. 震惊的 短语搭配：be shocked at sth. 对某事感到震惊；a shocked look 震惊的表情 对比维度 shocked shocking 核心含 （人）感到震惊的、吃惊的 （事物）令人震惊的、骇人听闻的 修饰对象 人 / 人的表情、感受等 事、物、消息、场景等 典型例句 I was shocked at the bad news. It's a shocking accident. 例句：We were shocked at the terrible accident. 练一练：The ______ (shock) news made all of us surprised. 6. alone /əˈləʊn/ adv. 独自；单独 短语搭配：leave sb. alone 让某人独自待着；stay alone 独自待着 例句：She went to the park alone yesterday. 练一练：He doesn't like to walk home ______ (lonely) at night. 7. control /kənˈtrəʊl/ v. & n. 控制 短语搭配：lose control 失控；under control 处于控制中，be in control (of sth.) 掌管；控制（某物） 例句：It's difficult to control the car on the icy road. 练一练：She is ___________ control ____________the whole project. 8. anger /ˈæŋɡə(r)/ n. 怒火 派生词：angry adj. 生气的；angrily adv. 生气地；愤怒地 短语搭配：in anger 生气地；full of anger 充满怒火 be angry with sb. 生某人的气 例句：He could hardly hide his anger when he heard the lie. 练一练：She was ______ (anger) with him because he broke her cup. 9. advise /ədˈvaɪz/ v. 建议；劝告；忠告 派生词：advice n. 建议（不可数名词）；advisable adj. 明智的；可取的； 短语搭配：advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事；advise doing sth. 建议做某事 例句：My teacher often advises me to read more books. 练一练：He gave me some useful ______ (advise) on how to learn English well. 10. hurtful /ˈhɜːtfl/ adj. 伤感情的；伤人的 派生词：hurt v./adj. 伤害；受伤的；感到痛苦的（过去式/过去分词hurt）；hurt n. 伤害；痛苦 短语搭配：hurtful words 伤人的话 例句：Don't say such hurtful things to your friends. 练一练：His ______ (hurt) words made her cry. 11. in future 今后；从今以后 短语搭配：in future 今后（侧重从今往后）；in the future 在将来（侧重较远未来） 例句：In future, I will be more careful with my homework. 练一练：We should try to save energy ______ (在未来). 12. forgive /fəˈɡɪv/ v. 原谅；宽恕（过去式forgave；过去分词forgiven） 派生词：forgiveness n. 原谅；宽恕；forgivable adj. 可原谅的；unforgivable adj. 不可原谅的 短语搭配：forgive sb. for sth. 因某事原谅某人；forgive a mistake 原谅错误 例句：I hope you can forgive me for my carelessness. 练一练：She ______ (forgive) him for his rudeness at last. 13. fault /fɔːlt/ n. 过错；责任；缺点 派生词：faulty adj. 有故障的；有缺陷的 短语搭配：It's one's fault. 是某人的错；find fault with sb. 挑剔某人 例句：It's not your fault. You don't need to blame yourself. 练一练：He always finds ______ (fault) with others, but never thinks about his own mistakes. 14. clear the air 尽释前嫌；消除误会 短语搭配：clear the air 消除误会；clear the table 清理桌子 例句：They had a talk to clear the air after their argument. 练一练：We should ______ (消除误会) with our friends when we have misunderstandings. 15. present /ˈpreznt/ n. 礼物；现在 派生词：presence n. 存在；出席；presentation n. 展示；演讲；礼物 短语搭配：a birthday present 生日礼物；at present 目前； 练一练：I bought some nice ______ (present) for my mom's birthday. 16. standard /ˈstændəd/ n. 标准；水平 adj. 标准的；合格的 派生词：standardize/standardise v. 使标准化；standardization n. 标准化；standardized adj. 标准化的 短语搭配：living standard 生活水平；high standard 高标准 例句：We must keep a high standard in our work. 练一练：The ______ (standard) of education in this school is very good. 17. award /əˈwɔːd/ n. 奖；奖品；奖金 v. 授予；奖励；判给 派生词：awarded adj. 获奖的；awardee n. 获奖者；awarding n. 授予；颁奖 短语搭配：win an award 获奖；give an award to sb. 给某人颁奖 例句：She won an award for her excellent painting. 练一练：The teacher ______ (award) him a prize for his good performance. 18. get across解释清楚；传达；使理解 短语搭配：get across one's meaning 传达某人的意思；get across the river 过河 例句：It's hard to get across my meaning to him. 练一练：He tried to ______ (传达) his idea to the class, but no one understood. 19. clearly /ˈklɪəli/ adv. 清楚地；清晰地；明显地 派生词：clear adj. 清楚的；清晰的；v. 清除；清理；clearness n. 清晰；明白；unclear adj. 不清楚的 短语搭配：speak clearly 说清楚；see clearly 看清楚 例句：Please explain the problem clearly to me. 练一练：She can sing the song ______ (clear) on the stage. 20. pressure /ˈpreʃə(r)/ n. 压力；压强；压迫 v. 施压；强迫 派生词：press v. 按；压；逼迫； 短语搭配：under pressure 在压力下；high pressure 高压；put pressure on sb. 向某人施压 例句：Many students feel pressure from their studies. 练一练：He is under great ______ (press) because of the exam. 21. purpose /ˈpɜːpəs/ n. 目的；意图；用途 派生词：purposely adv. 故意地；蓄意地；purposeful adj. 有目的的；果断的 短语搭配：on purpose 故意；for the purpose of 为了……的目的 例句：What is the purpose of your visit? 练一练：He came ____ ______ ________ ________ the party to see you. 我来这个派对的目的是为了见你。 22. on purpose 故意；有意地 例句：He broke the window on purpose. 练一练：She didn't do it by mistake. She did it ______ ________(故意). 23. reduce by half 减少一半；减半 例句：The price has been reduced by half. 练一练：The number of students has ______ (reduce) by half this year. 24. apologize /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ v. 道歉；谢罪（=apologise） 派生词：apology n. 道歉；歉意 短语搭配：apologize to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉；make an apology 道歉 例句：He apologized to me for being late. 练一练：She made an ______ (apologize) to her teacher. 25. put oneself in sb's shoes 设身处地；处于某人的境地 例句：Put yourself in his shoes, and you will understand him. 练一练：We should learn ______________________________ (设身处地为他人着想) when we have arguments. 26. shut /ʃʌt/ v. (shut, shut) 关闭；合上；住嘴 短语搭配：shut up 闭嘴；shut down 关闭；shut off 关掉；shut the door 关门 例句：Shut the door, please. 练一练：He ______ (shut) his mouth and said nothing. 27. shut sb/sth away把……关（藏）起来；隔离；疏远 例句：She shut the old photos away in a box. 练一练：She ________(shut) herself _________ in her room after the argument.争吵后，她把自己关在了房间里。 28. lastly /ˈlɑːstli/ adv. 最后；终于；末了 派生词：last adj. 最后的；最近的；v. 持续；n. 最后；末尾；lasting adj. 持久的；永恒的 短语搭配：lastly 最后；finally 最终；at last 终于；firstly ... secondly ... lastly ... 例句：Lastly, I want to thank my parents. 练一练：______ (last), we finished the work successfully. 29. plenty /ˈplenti/ pron. 充足；丰富；大量 短语搭配：plenty of 大量；许多（可接可数/不可数名词）；plenty of time 充足的时间 例句：We have plenty of time to finish the task. 练一练：I have traveled to ______ countries, so I have a lot of interesting travel stories to share. A. plenty of B. a little C. much D. A great deal of 30. plenty of 充足；大量；许多 例句：He has plenty of friends. 练一练：We need ______ water for the trip. A. Several B. a few C. little D. plenty of 31. feel blue 感到忧郁的；心情低落的 短语搭配：feel blue 心情低落；感到忧郁；in the blue 在蓝天上；blue sky 蓝天 例句：She feels blue because she lost her pet. 练一练：He ______ (feel) blue these days. 32. on top of the world 欢天喜地；欣喜若狂；站在世界之巅 例句：She felt on top of the world after winning the game. 练一练：He was ______ (欣喜若狂) when he got the good news. 33. all smiles 笑容满面；喜气洋洋 练一练：The little girl was ______ (笑容满面) when she saw her mother. 34. low /ləʊ/ adj. 沮丧的；低的； 派生词：lower adj. 更低的；较低的；lowly adj. 卑微的；低等的；adv. 谦卑地 短语搭配：in low spirits 情绪低落；low price 低价；jump low 跳得低 例句：He is in low spirits because he failed the test. 练一练：She felt ______ (low) after the argument. 35. in low spirits情绪低落；精神不振 短语搭配：in high spirits 兴高采烈 例句：He has been in low spirits since last week. 练一练：Don't stay ______ (情绪低落) all day. Cheer up! 36. ring /rɪŋ/ v. (rang /ræŋ/, rung /rʌŋ/) 发出铃声；打电话；响 n. 戒指；铃声；环形物 短语搭配：ring up 打电话；ring back 回电话；ring the bell 按铃；a gold ring 金戒指 例句：The phone is ringing. 练一练：The bell ______ (ring) just now. 37. enter /ˈentə(r)/ v. 进入；参加；登录 n. 进入；入口（非正式） 派生词：entrance n. 入口；进入；入学；entry n. 进入；条目；参赛 短语搭配：enter into 进入；参加；enter a room 进入房间；enter a competition 参加比赛 例句：He entered the classroom quietly. 练一练：She ______ (enter) the competition last year. 38. dare /deə(r)/ v. & modal v. 敢于；胆敢 短语搭配：dare to do sth. 敢于做某事 例句：She dares to speak in front of many people. 练一练：He didn't dare ______ (say) anything. 39. everybody /ˈevribɒdi/ pron. 每人；所有人 例句：Everybody is here. 练一练：Everybody __________(like) this song. 词法拓展：复合不定代词的用法 one body thing where every everyone everybody everything everywhere some someone somebody something somewhere any anyone anybody anything anywhere no no one nobody nothing nowhere （1）someone/somebody/something 用于肯定句，表示请求的疑问句，anyone/anybody/anything用于否定句，疑问句。 There’s something wrong with my bike.（我的自行车有点问题。） I can’t see anything in the dark.（黑暗中我什么也看不见。） （2）修饰形容词时，形容词放在他们的后面： 例：something important（重要的事）、someone friendly（友善的人）。 （3）作主语时，谓语动词多为单数： Everything is ready.（一切就绪。） Someone is knocking at the door.（有人敲门。） 40. let down 使失望；放下；降低 短语搭配：let sb. down 使某人失望 例句：Don't let me down. 练一练：He felt he had ______ (let) his parents down. 41. be hard on对……苛刻或过分严厉；对……要求高 派生词：hard adj. 硬的；艰难的；严厉的；adv. 努力地；猛烈地；hardly adv. 几乎不 短语搭配：be hard on sb. 对某人苛刻；be hard on sth. 对某事严格；work hard 努力工作 例句：Don't be too hard on the child. 练一练：The teacher is ______ (hardly) on his students. 42. player /ˈpleɪə(r)/ n. 运动员；选手 派生词：play v. 玩；演奏；参加；n. 游戏；戏剧；playful adj. 顽皮的；爱玩的； 短语搭配：a football player 足球运动员 例句：He is a good basketball player. 练一练：She wants to be a ______ (play) in the future. 43. referee /ˌrefəˈriː/ n. 裁判；调解员 派生词：refer v. 参考；涉及；提到；reference n. 参考；参考书；推荐信 短语搭配：a football referee 足球裁判；referee a game 为比赛当裁判 例句：The referee blew his whistle. 练一练：All of ______ (referee) decided the result of the game. 44. take back 撤回；收回 短语搭配：take back one's words 收回某人的话；take back sth. 取回某物 例句：I take back what I said. Take的常见短语 take away：拿走 take care：小心；保重 take care of：照顾；处理 take down：记下；拆除 take in：吸收；理解；收留 take off：起飞；脱下；突然成功 take on：承担；呈现；雇佣 take out：取出；带…… 出去 take part in：参加（活动） take place：发生（无被动） take up：占据（时间 / 空间）；开始从事 take after：长得像（父母等） take turns：轮流 练一练：He ______ his promise because there is no time for him. A. take away B. take off C. take back D. take up 45. decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ n. 决定；抉择；判决 派生词：decide v. 决定；下决心；判决 短语搭配：make a decision 做决定；make a decision to do sth.=decide to do sth. 例句：It's a difficult decision. 练一练：We need to make a ______ (decide) soon. 46. kick oneself （因干了蠢事等）自责或懊恼 派生词：kick v./n. 踢；踹；反冲；oneself pron. 自己；亲自(对应题目中相应的反身代词） 短语搭配：kick oneself for sth. 因某事自责；kick a ball 踢球；kick off 开球；开始 例句：He kicked himself for making such a mistake. 练一练：She ______ (kick oneself) for forgetting the meeting. 47. look on the bright side从好的方面想；抱乐观态度 练一练：We should learn ______ (抱乐观态度) when things go wrong. 48. score /skɔː(r)/ n. 得分；比分；成绩 短语搭配：score a goal 进球得分；the final score 最终比分；high score 高分 练一练：We need to get a high __________(score) to pass the competition. 49. proud /praʊd/ adj. 骄傲的；自豪的；得意的 派生词：pride n. 骄傲；自豪；自尊心；v. 以……为荣；proudly adv. 骄傲地；自豪地 短语搭配：be proud of 为……感到骄傲；be proud to do sth. 自豪地做某事； 例句：I am proud of my country. 练一练：She is ______ (pride) of her success. 50. proud of 为……感到骄傲 短语搭配：be proud of 为……自豪 =take pride in 例句：We are proud of our school. 练一练：He is proud ______ (of) his son. 51. coach /kəʊtʃ/ n. 教练； 短语搭配：a football coach 足球教练；a basketball coach 篮球教练；coach sb. for sth. 为某事辅导某人 例句：Our coach is very strict. 练一练：These______ (coach) trained the team hard. 52. as well 也；又；同样地 例句：I like English, and I like Chinese as well. 练一练：He can speak French, and Spanish ______ (也). 53. bit /bɪt/ n. 有点儿；稍微； 短语搭配：a bit 有点儿；a bit of 一点（后接不可数名词）；a bit tired 有点儿累 例句：I am a bit tired. 练一练：She is ______ (有点) nervous. 54. a bit有点儿；稍微 短语搭配：a bit 稍微；有点儿（修饰adj./adv.）；a bit of 一点（修饰不可数n.） 例句：It's a bit cold today. 练一练：Could you please add ______ sugar to my coffee? I like it a bit sweeter. A. a bit of B. a few C. many D. several 55. repeat /rɪˈpiːt/ v. 重复；重说；重做 派生词：repetition n. 重复；反复；repetitive adj. 重复的；反复的；repeatedly adv. 反复地；一再地 例句：Please repeat the sentence. 练一练：He ______ (repeat) the question several times. 56. pull together 齐心协力；通力合作；团结起来 例句：We must pull together to finish the task. ( ) We have only one week to finish the project, so we need to ______ and work hard together. A. pull together B. pull out C. pull down D. pull over 57. though /ðəʊ/ conj. 虽然；尽管 派生词：although conj. 虽然；尽管（同义） 短语搭配：even though 即使；虽然；as though 好像；仿佛；though 然而（句末） 例句：Though he is young, he knows a lot. 练一练：______ (尽管) he was tired, he kept working. 58. even though /ˈiːvn ðəʊ/ 连词 即使；虽然；尽管 短语搭配：even though 即使；尽管（引导让步状语从句）；even if 即使；纵然（同义） 例句：Even though it rained, we still went out. 练一练：( ) ______ he is very tired after work, he still helps his mom with housework every day. A. Even though B. As soon as C.As though D. So that 59. solution /səˈluːʃn/ n. 解决办法； 派生词：solve v. 解决；解答 短语搭配：a solution to sth. ……的解决办法 例句：We need a solution to the problem. 练一练：He came up with a good ______ (solve) to the trouble. 60. joyful /ˈdʒɔɪfl/ adj. 高兴的；令人愉快的；欢乐的 派生词：joy n. 快乐；喜悦；乐趣；v. 高兴；joyfully adv. 高兴地；欢乐地 短语搭配：a joyful moment 愉快的时刻；feel joyful 感到高兴；joyful laughter 欢乐的笑声 例句：We had a joyful time at the party. 练一练：She is ______ (joy) to see you again. 61. thankful /ˈθæŋkfl/ adj. 感谢的；感激的；欣慰的 派生词：thank v./n. 感谢；谢谢；thankfully adv. 感激地；幸好；thankfulness n. 感谢；感激 短语搭配：be thankful to sb. for sth. 因某事感谢某人；be thankful for 对……感激； 例句：I am thankful to you for your help. 练一练：We are ______ (thank) for your support. 62. negative /ˈneɡətɪv/ adj. 否定的；消极的；负面的 派生词：negate v. 否定；否认；取消；negatively adv. 消极地；否定地 短语搭配：negative attitude 消极态度；negative effect 负面影响；a negative answer 否定的回答 练一练：( ) We should not have a ______ attitude towards life, and we need to be positive all the time. A.friendly B. active C. negative D. honest 63. bully /ˈbʊli/ v. 霸凌；恐吓 n. 恶霸 派生词：bullying n. 霸凌行为；恃强凌弱；bullied adj. 被霸凌的 短语搭配：bully sb. 欺负某人；a school bully 校园恶霸 例句：He was bullied by his classmates. 练一练：We should stop ______ (bully) at school. 64. shout at sb. 冲某人喊叫 例句：Don't shout at the child. 练一练：He ______ (shout) at me for being late. 65. from time to time 不时；偶尔 例句：I go to the library from time to time. 练一练：( ) My grandparents live in the countryside, so I go to visit them ______. A.in time B. all the time C. at the same time D. from time to time 66. behave /bɪˈheɪv/ v. 表现；举止得体 派生词：behavior/behaviour n. 行为；举止；behaved adj. 表现好的 短语搭配：behave well 表现好；behave badly 表现差 例句：Please behave yourself. 练一练：He ______ (behave) politely at the party yesterday. 67. differently /ˈdɪfrəntli/ adv. 不同地 派生词：different adj. 不同的；有差异的；difference n. 差异；不同之处；differ v. 不同；有区别 短语搭配：think differently 想法不同；act differently 行为不同 例句：People see things differently. 练一练：She treats me ______ (different) from others. 68. physics /ˈfɪzɪks/ n. 物理；物理学 派生词：physical adj. 物理的；身体的； physicist n. 物理学家；physically adv. 身体上；物理上 短语搭配：physics teacher 物理老师；study physics 学习物理 例句：I like physics very much. 练一练：______ (物理) is my favorite subject. 69. awake /əˈweɪk/ adj. 醒着的 派生词：wake v. 唤醒；醒来（过去式woke，过去分词woken）； 短语搭配：stay awake 保持清醒 例句：I was awake all night. 练一练：He lay ______ (wake) for 3 hours. 70. normal /ˈnɔːml/ adj. 正常的；普通的 派生词：normally adv. 正常地；通常；abnormal adj. 不正常的；异常的 短语搭配：normal life 正常生活 例句：It's normal to feel nervous before exams. 练一练：It's ______ (normally) to feel nervous before an exam. 71. mad /mæd/ adj. 发狂的；疯的 派生词：madly adv. 疯狂地；发狂地 短语搭配：go mad at sb.= be mad at sb. 对某人生气 例句：He is mad with anger. 练一练：She was mad ______ me for breaking her cup. 72. mean /miːn/ adj. 刻薄的；吝啬的 派生词：meanly adv. 刻薄地；吝啬地；mean v.意思是；意味着; 打算。mean n. 方式、方法；meaning n. 意思； 短语搭配：be mean to sb. 对某人刻薄；mean money 吝啬钱财 拓展：mean to do sth. 打算做某事；mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 例句：Don't be mean to others. 练一练：( ) My uncle never buys gifts for us on festivals and he is really ______ with his money. A. generous B.mean C. humorous D. patient. 73. deep /diːp/ adj. 深的；有……深的 派生词：deeply adv. 深深地；深刻地；depth n. 深度；深处；deepen v. 加深；变深 短语搭配：deep sea 深海；deep breath 深呼吸 例句：The river is 5 meters deep. 练一练：He__________( deep) believes that he can achieve his dream 74. take a deep breath 深呼吸 练一练：He ______ (take) a deep breath before speaking. 75. pass away 去世 练一练：She was sad when her pet ______ (pass) away. 76. anybody /ˈenibɒdi/ pron. 任何人 例句：Is anybody here? 练一练：( ) There isn’t ______ in the classroom now. All the students have gone to the playground. A. anybody B. somebody C. no body D. everybody 77. remain /rɪˈmeɪn/ v. 继续存在；保持不变 派生词：remaining adj. 剩余的；残留的；remainder n. 剩余物；余数；remains n. 遗迹；剩余物 短语搭配：remain silent 保持沉默；remain young 保持年轻 例句：The problem remains unsolved. 练一练：He ______ (remain) silent for a long time. 78. not only ... but also ... 不但……而且…… 短语搭配：not only ... but also ... 不但……而且……（连接2个主语时谓语动词遵循就近原则） 例句：Not only you but also I am wrong. This book is not only interesting but also educational. 练一练：Not only he but also his parents ______ (like) this song. 练一练参考答案 1. 2. to deal with 3. emotional 4. upset 5. lonely 6. shocking 7. alone 8. in; of（in control of 掌管） 9. angry 10. advice 11. hurtful 12. in future 13. forgave 14. fault 15. clear the air 16. presents 17. standard 18. awarded 19. get across 20. more clearly 21. pressure 22. for the purpose of 23. on purpose 24. reduced 25. apology 26. put ourselves in others' shoes 27. shut 28. shut; away 29. Lastly 30. A. plenty of（travel stories 可数复数，plenty of 可接） 31. D. plenty of（water 不可数，plenty of 可接） 32. feels 33. on top of the world 34. all smiles 35. low 36. in low spirits 37. rang 38. entered 39. to say 40. likes 41. let 42. hard（be hard on 对…… 苛刻） 43. player 44. referees 45. C. take back（收回承诺） 46. decision 47. kicked herself 48. to look on the bright side 49. score 50. proud 51. of 52. coaches 53. as well 54. a bit / a little 55. A. a bit of（sugar 不可数） 56. repeated 57. A. pull together（齐心协力） 58. Though / Even though 59. A. Even though（尽管） 60. solution 61. joyful 62. thankful 63. C. negative（消极的，与 positive 对应） 64. bullying 65. shouted 66. D. from time to time（不时；偶尔） 67. behaved 68. differently 69. Physics 70. awake 71. normal 72. at（be mad at sb. 对某人生气） 73. B. mean（吝啬的） 74. deeply 75. took 76. passed 77. C. nobody（isn't nobody = isn't anybody） 78. remained 79. like（not only...but also... 就近原则，parents 复数） 同步练习 1、 词性转换 1. ______ n. 情感；情绪 → ______ adj. 情感的；情绪的 → ______ adv. 情感上；情绪上 2. ______ adj. 震惊的 → ______ n. 震惊；v. 使震惊 → ______ adj. 令人震惊的 3. ______ n. 怒火 → ______ adj. 生气的；愤怒的 → ______ adv. 生气地；愤怒地 4. ______ v. 建议；劝告 → ______ n. 建议；劝告 5. ______ adj. 伤感情的 → ______ v. 伤害；n. 伤害 → ______ adv. 有害地；伤感情地 6. ______ v. (forgave, forgiven) 原谅；宽恕 → ______ n. 原谅；宽恕 7. ______ n. 过错；责任 → ______ adj. 有错误的；有缺陷的 8. ______ n. 标准；水平；adj. 标准的 → ______ v. 使标准化 → ______ n. 标准化 9. ______ n. 压力 → ______ v. 压；按 10. ______ (=apologise) v. 道歉 → ______ n. 道歉；歉意 11. ______ v. 进入 → ______ n. 入口；进入 → ______ n. 进入；条目 12. ______ n. 运动员；选手 → ______ v. 玩；参加比赛 13. ______ n. 决定 → ______ v. 决定；断定 14. ______ adj. 骄傲的；自豪的 → ______ n. 骄傲；自豪 → ______ adv. 骄傲地；自豪地 15. ______ v. 重复 → ______ n. 重复；反复 16. ______ n. 解决办法；解决 → ______ v. 解决；解答 17. ______ adj. 高兴的；令人愉快的 → ______ n. 欢乐；喜悦 → ______ adv. 高兴地；快乐地 18. ______ adj. 感谢的；感激的 → ______ v. 感谢；n. 感谢 → ______ adv. 感谢地；感激地 19. ______ adj. 否定的；消极的；n. 否定；负数 → ______ adv. 否定地；消极地 20. ______ v. 表现；举止得体 → ______ n. 行为；举止 21. ______ adv. 不同地 → ______ adj. 不同的；有差异的 → ______ n. 差异；不同 22. ______ n. 物理；物理学 → ______ adj. 物理的；身体的 → ______ n. 物理学家 23. ______ adj. 正常的；普通的；n. 常态；标准 → ______ adv. 正常地；通常 24. ______ adj. 发狂的；疯的 → ______ n. 疯狂；愚蠢 → ______ adv. 疯狂地；极度地 25. ______ adj. 刻薄的；吝啬的；v. 意思是；意味着 → ______ n. 意思；含义 26. ______ adj. 深的；…… 深的；adv. 深深地 → ______ n. 深度；深处 二、根据括号里的汉语提示写出单词 1. We should learn how to （处理）our problems calmly instead of avoiding it. 2. She felt very (难过的)after her best friend moved to another city. 3. Even in a crowded room, sometimes you can feel 孤独的if no one understands you. 4. The news left him (震惊的)and speechless.. 5. Learning to 控制脾气your temper is a sign of growing up. 6. If you hurt someone's feelings,you should 道歉 to them sincerely. 7. He received a beautiful 礼物from his sister on his birthday. 8. I think he broke the window (故意地),not by accident. 9. To live a healthier life, she decided to her sugar intake .(减少一半) 10. She gave him a small (礼物)for his birthday. 11. After failing the math test, he was 情绪低落for the whole week. 12. When she got the first prize,she felt (欢天喜地). 13. Seeing her daughter's drawing,the mother was with joy.(笑容满面) 14. Since his best friend moved away,he has been (情绪低落)most of the time. 15. Please don't 让…失望your team; they are counting on you. 16. Some parents are too (对......严厉)their children about grades. 17. he (裁判)blew the whistle to stop the game. 18. Even when things go wrong,try to (抱乐观态度) of life. 19. She is (为.......感到骄傲)her daughter's progress in playing the piano. 20. If we (齐心协力),we can finish cleaning the classroom in no time. 三、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 1. She couldn't hide her strong (emotion)when she heard the moving story. 2. His (hurt) words left a deep impression on her heart. 3. My father (advise) me to join a sports team last year. 4. The teacher explained the problem very(clear), so now I understand it (clear) than before. 5. Many students feel a lot of (press) as the final exams get closer. 6. She has already (forgive) him for forgetting her birthday. 7. We need to make sure there is a (plenty) supply of clean water in the village. 8. (last),I want to remind everyone to be kind to themselves and others. 9. He (shut)the door quietly so as not to wake the baby. 10. It's not good to hold in your (angry); try to talk about what upsets you. 11. 1.His voice sounded even (low) than usual after he caught a cold. 12. She (ring) the doorbell twice, but nobody answered. 13. He was (shock) to see his old friend at the party yesterday. 14. The coach felt (pride) of every player's effort in the match. 15. She is one of the most experienced (play) in the volleyball team. 16. We did three (repeat) of the experiment to make sure the results were correct. 17. After a long discussion, they finally found a practical (solve) to the problem. 18. She was very (thank) for the help her neighbors gave her during the storm. 19. Don't always think (negative) about yourself; you have many strengths. 20. The children (behave) perfectly during the museum visit. 参考答案 一、词性转化 1. emotion n. 情感；情绪 → emotional adj. 情感的；情绪的 → emotionally adv. 情感上；情绪上 2. shocked adj. 震惊的 → shock n. 震惊；v. 使震惊 → shocking adj. 令人震惊的 3. anger n. 怒火 → angry adj. 生气的；愤怒的 → angrily adv. 生气地；愤怒地 4. advise v. 建议；劝告 → advice n. 建议；劝告 5. hurtful adj. 伤感情的 → hurt v. 伤害；n. 伤害 → hurtfully adv. 有害地；伤感情地 6. forgive v. (forgave, forgiven) 原谅；宽恕 → forgiveness n. 原谅；宽恕 7. fault n. 过错；责任 → faulty adj. 有错误的；有缺陷的 8. standard n. 标准；水平；adj. 标准的 → standardize v. 使标准化 → standardization n. 标准化 9. pressure n. 压力 → press v. 压；按 10. apologize (=apologise) v. 道歉 → apology n. 道歉；歉意 11. enter v. 进入 → entrance n. 入口；进入 → entry n. 进入；条目 12. player n. 运动员；选手 → play v. 玩；参加比赛 13. decision n. 决定 → decide v. 决定；断定 14. proud adj. 骄傲的；自豪的 → pride n. 骄傲；自豪 → proudly adv. 骄傲地；自豪地 15. repeat v. 重复 → repetition n. 重复；反复 16. solution n. 解决办法；解决 → solve v. 解决；解答 17. joyful adj. 高兴的；令人愉快的 → joy n. 欢乐；喜悦 → joyfully adv. 高兴地；快乐地 18. thankful adj. 感谢的；感激的 → thank v. 感谢；n. 感谢 → thankfully adv. 感谢地；感激地 19. negative adj. 否定的；消极的；n. 否定；负数 → negatively adv. 否定地；消极地 20. behave v. 表现；举止得体 → behavior n. 行为；举止 21. differently adv. 不同地 → different adj. 不同的；有差异的 → difference n. 差异；不同 22. physics n. 物理；物理学 → physical adj. 物理的；身体的 → physicist n. 物理学家 23. normal adj. 正常的；普通的；n. 常态；标准 → normally adv. 正常地；通常 24. mad adj. 发狂的；疯的 → madness n. 疯狂；愚蠢 → madly adv. 疯狂地；极度地 25. mean adj. 刻薄的；吝啬的；v. 意思是；意味着 → meaning n. 意思；含义 26. deep adj. 深的；…… 深的；adv. 深深地 → depth n. 深度；深处 二、根据括号里的汉语提示写出单词 1.  deal with（处理问题） 2.  upset / sad（难过的） 3.  lonely（孤独的，在人群中也会感到孤独） 4.  shocked / astonished（震惊的） 5.  control（控制脾气） 6.  apologize（道歉） 7.  present（礼物） 8.  on purpose（故意地） 9.  reduce; by half（减少一半） 10.  gift / present（礼物） 11. 1feeling blue（情绪低落） 12.  on top of the world（欢天喜地） 13. all smiles（笑容满面） 14.  in low spirits（情绪低落） 15.  let down（让团队失望） 16.  hard on（对……严厉） 17. referee / judge（裁判） 18.  look on the bright side（抱乐观态度） 19.  proud of（为……感到骄傲） 20.  pull together（齐心协力） 三、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 1.  emotion（强烈的情感） 2.  hurtful（伤人的话语） 3.  advised（去年建议，用一般过去时） 4.  clearly; more clearly（第一个用副词修饰动词 explained，第二个用比较级修饰 understand） 5.  pressure（压力，不可数名词） 6.  forgiven（已经原谅，用现在完成时） 7.  plentiful（充足的供应） 8.  Lastly（最后，用于句首） 9.  shut（关上门，用一般过去时，shut 的过去式还是 shut） 10.  anger（忍住怒火，your 后接名词） 11. lower（声音比平时更低，用比较级） 12. rang（按门铃，用一般过去时） 13. shocked（感到震惊，修饰人） 14. proud（感到自豪，feel proud of 是固定搭配） 15. players（最有经验的球员之一，用复数） 16. repetitions（三次重复，用复数名词） 17.  solution（实际的解决方案，用名词形式） 18.  thankful（感激的，be thankful for 是固定搭配） 19.  negatively（消极地想，用副词修饰动词 think） 20.  behaved（表现得很好，用一般过去时） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $