名词的数、一般现在时、名词所有格、现在进行时(期中复习讲义)七年级英语下学期新教材北师大版

2026-04-23
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语北师大版七年级下册
年级 七年级
章节 Unit 1 Every Day,Unit 2 Food and Health,Unit 3 Rain or Shine
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-期中
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 5.24 MB
发布时间 2026-04-23
更新时间 2026-04-23
作者 qwer_7890
品牌系列 上好课·考点大串讲
审核时间 2026-04-23
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来源 学科网

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专题01 名词的数(期中复习讲义) 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向,锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络,扫除知识盲区 知识点01名词的数 知识点02一般现在时 知识点03名词所有格 知识点04现在进行时 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练,验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 常考题型 内容要点 命题趋势 单项选择题 单词拼写 词形转换题 完形填空题 句型转换 1.名词复数的变化规则。 2.不可数名词的量化表达。 3.动词三单变化规则。 4.一般现在时搭配的常用时间状语。 5. 名词所有格。 6. 现在进行时的定义、用法及构成(be+doing)。 7. 现在分词的变化规则。 1.结合真实语境与生活场景考查。 2.依托语篇上下文判断用法,注重语境理解,考查综合运用。 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 名词的数 (1)可数名词单数变成复数形式的变化规则 规则 举例 备注 一般在词尾直接加-s desk-desks书桌 pen-pens钢笔 boy-boys男孩 清辅音后的s读/s/,浊辅音和元音后的s读/z/。 以s, x, ch,sh等结尾的词,在词尾加-es bus-buses公共汽车 box-boxes箱子 watch-watches手表 wish-wishes 愿望 es读/iz/ 注意:以ch结尾但不发/tf/的可数名词不适用此规则。如:stomach→stomachs胃 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,变y为i,再加-es story-stories故事 photo-photos 照片 baby-babies婴儿 ies读/iz/ 以o结尾的词有的加-s, 有的加-es photo-photos 照片 zoo-zoos动物园 potato-potatoes土豆 tomato-tomatoes西红柿 hero-heroes英雄 结尾的s或es 都读/z/ 以f或fe结尾的词,把f或fe变v,再加-es knife-knives 刀 shelf-shelves 架子 leaf-leaves 叶子 ves读/vz/ 元音变化 改变单词中的元音字母 man-men、woman-women、foot-feet 特殊变化 无固定规则,需单独记忆 child-children、mouse-mice 典例01 There are many __________ in our community centre. A.volunteer B.volunteers C.volunteering 【答案】B 【解析】句意:我们社区中心有很多志愿者。考查名词的数。根据空前的“many”可知,此处用可数名词的复数形式,volunteer的复数为volunteers。故选B。 典例02 —How many __________ do you have? —Five. They are all lovely small pets. A.mouse B.mice C.mouses D.mousees 【答案】B 【解析】句意:—— 你有多少只小宠物?—— 五只,它们都很可爱。考查 mouse 的不规则复数变化,mouse 的复数为 mice,故选 B。 易|错|点|拨 1. 单复数同形的特殊名词 名词 举例(单复数同形) 用法说明 备注(七年级重点) sheep a sheep(一只绵羊)、two sheep(两只绵羊) 无论数量多少,词形不变 七年级必背,高频考查 deer a deer、three deer 单复数写法完全一致 了解即可,偶尔考查 Chinese a Chinese(一个中国人)、two Chinese(两个中国人) 指“中国人”时,单复数同形 重点记忆,常结合语境考查 Japanese a Japanese、three Japanese 指“日本人”时,单复数同形 了解即可,难度较低 2. 只有复数形式的名词 名词 举例 用法说明 备注(七年级重点) trousers a pair of trousers、two pairs of trousers 永远用复数,需搭配量词pair 七年级高频,必掌握 glasses a pair of glasses、three pairs of glasses 指“眼镜”时,只有复数形式 注意与“glass(玻璃)”区分 shoes a pair of shoes、two pairs of shoes 成对出现的物品,只有复数 常与pair搭配考查 socks a pair of socks、four pairs of socks 成对物品,无单数形式 简单易记,了解即可 即时检测 1. There are two __________ on the desk. They are my English papers. A.paper B.papers C.a paper 2. —Would you like some ________? —Yes, please. I like them very much. A.pear B.watermelons C.lemon D.strawberry 3.—Hi, Lily. How many __________ did you see in the garden? —I saw three. They are very cute. A.child B.children C.childs D.childes 4.—Mom, can you buy me two __________? I want to give them to my friends. A.knife B.knifes C.knives D.a knife (2)可数名词单数的用法规则 用法规则 举例 备注(七年级重点) 表示“一个”时,单数名词前加不定冠词a/an a book(一本书)、an apple(一个苹果) an用于以元音音素开头的单词前,a用于辅音音素开头 指示代词this/that修饰可数名词单数 This is a pen.(这是一支钢笔)That is a desk.(那是一张桌子) 区分this(近指)和that(远指),均搭配单数名词 可数名词单数作主语时,谓语动词用三单形式 The student is hard-working. (这个学生很勤奋) 七年级基础考点,避免主谓不一致错误 首次提到的单数可数名词,用a/an修饰 I have a cat. The cat is black.(我有一只猫,这只猫是黑色的) 再次提到时用the,首次用a/an,注意冠词用法衔接 典例 1.I have __________ interesting book. It’s about animals. A.a B.an C.the D./ 【答案】B 【解析】句意:我有一本有趣的书,它是关于动物的。考查可数名词单数与不定冠词搭配。book是单数可数名词,interesting以元音音素开头,用an修饰。故选B。 即时检测 1.There is __________ useful dictionary on my desk. I use it every day. A.a B.an C.some D.two 2.—Is __________ your schoolbag? —Yes, it is. Thank you. A.this B.that C.these D.those 3.—What’s that? —It’s __________ orange. It’s big and sweet. A.a B.an C.three D.some (3)不可数名词的量化表达 类别 规则 举例 备注(七年级重点) 基本用法 无复数形式,不加-s;不能直接用a/an和数词修饰 water(水)、bread(面包)、news(新闻) 不可以说a water、two breads 数量表达 需搭配量词,结构:数词+量词+of+不可数名词 a cup of water、two pieces of bread 量词需随数词变化(如a→cup,two→pieces) 主谓一致 作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式 The milk is fresh.(牛奶很新鲜) 区别于可数名词复数的主谓一致 典例 —Mom, I’m thirsty. Can I have some __________? —Sure, here you are. Drink slowly. A.water B.waters C.apple D.apples 【答案】A 【解析】句意:—— 妈妈,我渴了,我能喝点水吗?—— 当然,给你。考查不可数名词 water,无复数,some 后接不可数名词,故选 A。 即时检测 1. We only have _______ meat left. Let's go to the supermarket to buy some. A. a little B. a few C. many D. enough 2. —What can I do for you? —I'd like _______ and _______. A. three orange;two orange juice B. three oranges;two glasses of orange juice C. three oranges;two glass of orange juice D. three oranges;,two glasses of oranges juice (4)集合名词的数的特殊用法 集合名词 用法规则(七年级重点) 举例 备注 family 看作整体时,谓语用单数;不考查成员用法 My family is big.(我的家庭很大) 七年级只考整体用法,不拓展 class 看作整体时,谓语用单数 Our class is good.(我们班很好) 结合班级场景考查,简单易懂 team 看作整体时,谓语用单数 The team is strong.(这个团队很强) 了解即可,偶尔考查 典例 —Hi, Amy. Is your __________ big? I want to meet your family members. —Yes, there are 5 people in my family. A.family B.families C.a family D.familyes 【答案】A 【解析】句意:—— 嗨,埃米,你的家庭大吗?我想见见你的家人。—— 是的,我家有5口人。考查集合名词用法,family作“家庭”讲时,视为整体,用单数形式,无familyes,故选 A。 即时检测 1. —Mom, our __________ will have a picnic this weekend. Can I go? —Sure, but be careful. A.class B.classes C.a class D.classs 2. —Peter, is your __________ strong? I want to join you. —Yes, welcome! We need more members. A.team B.teams C.a team D.teames 知识点02 一般现在时 (1) 一般现在时定义 类别规则 举例 备注 表经常性、习惯性动作 I get up at 7:00 every day. 常配频度副词/时间短语 表客观事实、真理 The earth goes around the sun. 时态不变,无时间限制 典例 —Lucy, what time do you __________ every morning? —At 7:00. It’s my habit. A.get up B.gets up C.got up D.getting up 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——露西,你每天早上几点起床?——7点。这是我的习惯。考查一般现在时表习惯性动作,主语you为非三单,谓语用原形,故选A。 解|题|技|巧 常与一般现在时连用的时间短语和频度副词 类别 规则 举例 备注 频度副词 位于be动词后、实义动词前 He often plays football.;She is always busy. 常见:often、always等 时间短语(具体某天) 用介词on,放句末/句首 I go to park on Sundays.;On Monday, I have math. 具体日期、星期均用on 时间短语(泛指) 用介词in/every,放句末 I get up early in the morning.;He reads every day. every后直接接时间名词 即时检测 1.—Tom, does your brother __________ to school by bike every day? —No, he doesn’t. He walks. A.go B.goes C.went D.going 2.—Dad, what do you know about the earth? —It __________ around the sun. It’s a truth. A.go B.goes C.went D.going 3.—Do you often __________ books after school? —Yes, I do. I like reading very much. A.read B.reads C.readed D.reading (2)动词三单变化规则 类别 规则 举例 备注 一般情况 动词后直接加-s play → plays;eat → eats 多数动词适用 特殊结尾 s/x/ch/sh后加-es wash → washes;watch → watches 注意结尾发音变化 辅音+y结尾 变y为i,再加-es study → studies;fly → flies 元音+y直接加-s 典例 —Lucy, your father __________ tea every afternoon, right? —Yes, he likes drinking tea. A.drink B.drinks C.drinking D.drank 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——露西,你爸爸每天下午喝茶,对吗?——是的,他喜欢喝茶。考查动词三单一般变化,drink直接加-s,主语your father为三单,故选B。 即时检测 1.—Tom, does your sister __________ to music after school? —Yes, she listens to music every day. A.listen B.listens C.listening D.listened 2.—Peter, your teacher __________ English very well. —Yes, she teaches us carefully. A.teach B.teaches C.teaching D.taught 3.—What does your brother do on weekends? —He _____________ hard at home every weekend. A.study B.studies C.studied D.studying 知识点03 名词所有格 (1)基本构成 类别 规则 举例 备注 单数名词 直接加’s表所属 Tom → Tom’s book;cat → cat’s food 所有单数均适用 s结尾复数 直接加’表所属 students → students’ bags;teachers → teachers’ office 避免多写一个s 无s结尾复数 加’s表所属 children → children’s toys;men → men’s shoes 七年级易错点 (2)两人共有与各有加’s 类别 规则 举例 备注 两人共有 只在最后一个人名后加’s Lucy and Lily → Lucy and Lily’s room 表共同所属 两人各有 两个人名后都加’s Lucy and Lily → Lucy’s and Lily’s bags 表各自所属 (3)无生命事物用of所有格 类别 规则 举例 备注 无生命物品 用of短语表所属关系 the door of the room;the cover of the book 不用’s表所属 特殊无生命名词 时间/距离可加’s,也可用of today’s news = the news of today 七年级了解即可 典例01 —Lucy, is this __________ pen? —Yes, it’s Tom’s. A.Tom B.Tom’s C.Toms D.Toms’ 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——露西,这是汤姆的钢笔吗?——是的,是汤姆的。考查单数名词所有格,Tom是单数,直接加’s,故选B。 典例02 —This is __________ room. They live together. —It’s very clean. A.Lucy and Lily B.Lucy and Lily’s C.Lucy’s and Lily D.Lucy’s and Lily’s 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——这是露西和莉莉的房间,她们住在一起。——非常干净。考查两人共有所有格,只在最后加’s,故选B。 典例03 —What’s this? —It’s the __________ the book. A.cover of B.cover’s C.of cover D.cover 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——这是什么?——这是这本书的封面。考查无生命事物of所有格,用the+名词+of+名词,故选A。 即时检测 1. —Peter, do you know the __________ names? —Yes, they are Lily and Lucy. A.girls B.girl’s C.girls’ D.girl 2.—Tom, is this __________ desk? —Yes, Peter and I share it. A.Peter and Tom B.Peter and Tom’s C.Peter’s and Tom D.Peter’s and Tom’s 3.—Peter, are these __________ books? —Yes, Lily has one and Lucy has one. A.Lily and Lucy B.Lily and Lucy’s C.Lily’s and Lucy D.Lily’s and Lucy’s 4.—Tom, do you know the __________ the pen? —Yes, it’s black. A.color of B.color’s C.of color D.color 5.—Peter, where is the __________ the desk? —It’s under the desk. A.key of B.key’s C.of key D.key 知识点04 现在进行时 (1)定义及用法 类别 规则 举例 备注 表正在进行的动作 描述此刻正在发生的动作 She is reading a book now.(她现在正在看书。) 常配now、look等标志词 表当前进行的状态 描述现阶段持续的动作 They are studying for the exam these days.(这些天他们在备考。) 可无明显时间标志 (2)构成(be+doing) 类别 规则 举例 备注 肯定句 主语 + be (am/is/are) + doing I am reading.;He is running.;They are dancing. be动词随主语变化 否定句 主语 + be + not + doing I am not reading.;She is not singing. not放be动词后 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 + doing? Are you reading?;Is he running? be动词提前放句首 典例01 —Look! What is Lucy doing? —She __________ a picture. A.draw B.draws C.is drawing D.drew 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——看!露西正在做什么?——她正在画画。考查现在进行时表正在进行的动作,标志词look提示用现在进行时,主语she后用is+doing,故选C。 典例02 He __________ playing football now. He is reading. A.is B.isn’t C.are D.aren’t 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——他现在没在踢足球,他正在看书。考查现在进行时否定句,主语he搭配be动词is,否定式为is not(isn’t),结合语境选B。 归|纳|拓|展 现在分词的变化规则 类别 规则 举例 备注 一般情况 动词后直接加-ing play → playing;read → reading 多数动词适用 以不发音e结尾 去e,再加-ing write → writing;dance → dancing e不发音才去e 重读闭音节结尾 双写尾字母,再加-ing run → running;swim → swimming 辅+元+辅结构 即时检测 1.—What __________ your brother doing? —He is playing basketball. A.do B.does C.is D.are 2.—They __________ watching TV now. They are doing homework. A.is B.isn’t C.are D.aren’t 3.—__________ you and your sister reading books? —No, we aren’t. A.Do B.Does C.Is D.Are 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练(测试时间:15分钟) 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.We pick colourful ________ (leaf) in the park and make a nice picture. 2.It’s important to make good ________ (choose) for our life and study. 3.Tom never ________ (arrive) late for class. He is a good student. 4.Mike with his parents often ________ (tidy) their house at weekends. 5.In our neighborhood, everyone ________ (have) different skills. 6.Look! There are two baby ________ (wolf) in the picture. 7.Without _________ like the wheels and light bulbs, our daily life would be so difficult that we can not imagine. (invent) 8.Most people think ________ (fox) are really cunning (狡猾的). 9.Don’t make any noise. The students _________ (have) a math lesson. 10.I don’t know if I can win the race tomorrow, but I _________ (do) my best. 11.We ________ (have) a helping hands meeting this weekend. 12.— Where is your brother? I can’t find him. — He ________ (ride) a bike with his friends in the park. 二、单项选择 1.My grandparents have a big garden with many ________. A.apple tree B.apples trees C.apple trees D.apples tree 2.To protect the environment, we should use ________ plastic bags and ________ public transportation. A.more; more B.fewer; more C.less; fewer D.more; less 3.There are some ________ in the park. They are flying kites. A.child B.children C.a child D.the child 4.Good friends always ________ each other when they ________ difficulties. A.support; meet B.supports; meets C.support; meets 5.—Who ________ English best in your class? —Lily does. A.speak B.speaks C.speaking D.to speak 6.—Are you sure this is a photo ________, the famous comedy actress (喜剧演员)? —Yes. But she was once (曾经) really thin. A.Jia Ling B.Jia Ling’s C.of Jia Ling D.of Jia Ling’s 7.We take a ________ photo together every Spring Festival. But ________ photo was different. A.family’s; this year’s B.family; this year’s C.family’s; this year D.family; this year 8.—What are you doing, Henry? —I _______ some online research about pigeons. A.do B.will do C.did D.am doing 9.—Tom, hurry up! We ________ for you. —Just one minute. A.wait B.waited C.are waiting D.have waited 10.—They are __________ in the park. Let’s join them. —Great! I like dancing. A.dance B.dances C.dancing D.danced 重难突破练(测试时间:20分钟) 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The two ________ (law) advice helps us solve the difficult problem quickly. 2.(24-25七下·江苏无锡锡北片区·期中)The lights are still on. The Blacks ________ (plan) what to take to the party tomorrow in the next room. 3.(24-25七下·江苏无锡锡山高级中学·期中)I’m busy because I ________ (work) on a project these days. 4.By 2050, the world’s population ________ (grow) to an even ________ (large) number. 5.There ________ (be)a talk show on CCTV-3 at eight this evening. 6.With the ________ of technology, they are ________ more products. (develop) 7.My uncle is like a __________ (guide) star to me and I always turn to him for help. 8.It’s fun to explore interesting ________ of English through reading English magazines. (use) 9.We receive hundreds of job ________ (apply) each year and only a few people stand out. 10.I have two ________ (pencil-box). 二、单项选择 1.─Can you see some _________ on the farm? ─Of course I can. They look so lovely. A.horse B.chicken C.sheep D.rabbit 2.—How many ________ doctors are there in your hospital, David? —________ them ________ over one hundred. A.woman;The number of;is B.women;A number of;are C.woman;A number of;is D.women;The number of;is 3.Her mother bought ________ for her. A.two pair of shoe B.two pair of shoes C.two pairs of shoes 4.She has visited the museum several times. She ________ the amazing artworks on display there very much. A.likes B.has liked C.will like D.liked 5.He told me that the earth ________ around the sun. A.go B.goes C.went D.is going 6.I know the early bird ______ the worm, but I don’t want to get up early. A.catch B.catches C.caught D.catching 7.This is bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much. A.Gina and Lana's B.Gina's and Lana C.Gina's and Lana's D.Gina and Lana 8.—Are you sure this is a photo ________, the famous comedy actress (喜剧演员)? —Yes. But she was once (曾经) really thin. A.Jia Ling B.Jia Ling’s C.of Jia Ling D.of Jia Ling’s 综合拓展练(测试时间:10分钟) 1.Look! Two ________ are planting ________ with their students. A.man teachers; apple trees B.man teachers; apples trees C.men teachers; apples trees D.men teachers; apple trees 2.We can enjoy the _________ of nature in the countryside. A.wonder B.wonders C.wonderful 3.There is going to be a basketball match between ________ and ________. A.man teacher; boy students B.men teachers; boy students C.man teacher; boy student D.men teachers; boy student 4.I know the early bird ______ the worm, but I don’t want to get up early. A.catch B.catches C.caught D.catching 5.—Mum, you look so tired. What’s wrong? —I did ________ housework this morning. Maybe I need a rest now. A.three hour’s B.three hours of C.three-hour of D.three-hours’ 6.Sandy has ________ bedroom. She has many clothes ________ in it. A.of her own; of her own B.her own; of her own C.her own; her own D.of her own; her own 7.—I don’t believe AI _________ do everything for us within 30 years. —Yeah, I know what you mean. To tell you the truth, I _________ a meeting about this topic next Monday. A.will; am having B.will; will have C.is going to; will have D.is going to; am having 8.She usually ________ to music in the evening, but now she ________ TV. A.listen; is watch B.listens; watching C.listens; is watching D.listen; is watching 9.Do you have ________ umbrella with you? It is ________ hard outside. A.a; rainy B.an; rainy C.a; raining D.an; raining 10.Annie as well as her classmates ________ waiting in line at the school canteen. They each ________ to have a hamburger for lunch. A.is; wants B.is; want C.are; wants D.are; want 11.—If Kate _________ back, tell her to come to my office, please. —OK, I ________. A.comes; will B.comes; do C.will come; will D.will come; do 12.Sometimes Tom with his parents ________ TV after dinner, but now they ________ books. A.is watching; read B.watch; are reading C.watches; are reading D.watches; read 3 / 3 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题01 名词的数(期中复习讲义) 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向,锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络,扫除知识盲区 知识点01名词的数 知识点02一般现在时 知识点03名词所有格 知识点04现在进行时 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练,验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 常考题型 内容要点 命题趋势 单项选择题 单词拼写 词形转换题 完形填空题 句型转换 1.名词复数的变化规则。 2.不可数名词的量化表达。 3.动词三单变化规则。 4.一般现在时搭配的常用时间状语。 5. 名词所有格。 6. 现在进行时的定义、用法及构成(be+doing)。 7. 现在分词的变化规则。 1.结合真实语境与生活场景考查。 2.依托语篇上下文判断用法,注重语境理解,考查综合运用。 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 名词的数 (1)可数名词单数变成复数形式的变化规则 规则 举例 备注 一般在词尾直接加-s desk-desks书桌 pen-pens钢笔 boy-boys男孩 清辅音后的s读/s/,浊辅音和元音后的s读/z/。 以s, x, ch,sh等结尾的词,在词尾加-es bus-buses公共汽车 box-boxes箱子 watch-watches手表 wish-wishes 愿望 es读/iz/ 注意:以ch结尾但不发/tf/的可数名词不适用此规则。如:stomach→stomachs胃 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,变y为i,再加-es story-stories故事 photo-photos 照片 baby-babies婴儿 ies读/iz/ 以o结尾的词有的加-s, 有的加-es photo-photos 照片 zoo-zoos动物园 potato-potatoes土豆 tomato-tomatoes西红柿 hero-heroes英雄 结尾的s或es 都读/z/ 以f或fe结尾的词,把f或fe变v,再加-es knife-knives 刀 shelf-shelves 架子 leaf-leaves 叶子 ves读/vz/ 元音变化 改变单词中的元音字母 man-men、woman-women、foot-feet 特殊变化 无固定规则,需单独记忆 child-children、mouse-mice 典例01 There are many __________ in our community centre. A.volunteer B.volunteers C.volunteering 【答案】B 【解析】句意:我们社区中心有很多志愿者。考查名词的数。根据空前的“many”可知,此处用可数名词的复数形式,volunteer的复数为volunteers。故选B。 典例02 —How many __________ do you have? —Five. They are all lovely small pets. A.mouse B.mice C.mouses D.mousees 【答案】B 【解析】句意:—— 你有多少只小宠物?—— 五只,它们都很可爱。考查 mouse 的不规则复数变化,mouse 的复数为 mice,故选 B。 易|错|点|拨 1. 单复数同形的特殊名词 名词 举例(单复数同形) 用法说明 备注(七年级重点) sheep a sheep(一只绵羊)、two sheep(两只绵羊) 无论数量多少,词形不变 七年级必背,高频考查 deer a deer、three deer 单复数写法完全一致 了解即可,偶尔考查 Chinese a Chinese(一个中国人)、two Chinese(两个中国人) 指“中国人”时,单复数同形 重点记忆,常结合语境考查 Japanese a Japanese、three Japanese 指“日本人”时,单复数同形 了解即可,难度较低 2. 只有复数形式的名词 名词 举例 用法说明 备注(七年级重点) trousers a pair of trousers、two pairs of trousers 永远用复数,需搭配量词pair 七年级高频,必掌握 glasses a pair of glasses、three pairs of glasses 指“眼镜”时,只有复数形式 注意与“glass(玻璃)”区分 shoes a pair of shoes、two pairs of shoes 成对出现的物品,只有复数 常与pair搭配考查 socks a pair of socks、four pairs of socks 成对物品,无单数形式 简单易记,了解即可 即时检测 1. There are two __________ on the desk. They are my English papers. A.paper B.papers C.a paper 【答案】B 【解析】句意:桌子上有两张试卷,它们是我的英语试卷。考查一词多性。paper此处表示“试卷”,是可数名词,空前有two,用复数papers;表示“纸张”时为不可数名词。故选B。 2. —Would you like some ________? —Yes, please. I like them very much. A.pear B.watermelons C.lemon D.strawberry 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——你想来点西瓜吗?——好的。我非常喜欢吃西瓜。考查名词辨析。pear梨,可数名词;watermelons西瓜,可数名词复数;lemon柠檬,可数名词;strawberry草莓,可数名词。some后接可数名词复数或不可数名词,watermelons是复数形式。故选B。 3.—Hi, Lily. How many __________ did you see in the garden? —I saw three. They are very cute. A.child B.children C.childs D.childes 【答案】B 【解析】句意:—— 嗨,莉莉,你在花园里看到了多少个孩子?—— 我看到了三个,它们很可爱。考查 child 的不规则复数 children,故选 B。 4.—Mom, can you buy me two __________? I want to give them to my friends. A.knife B.knifes C.knives D.a knife 【答案】C 【解析】句意:—— 妈妈,你能给我买两把小刀吗?我想送给我的朋友。考查 knife 的不规则复数变化,变 fe 为 ves,two 后接复数,故选 C。 (2)可数名词单数的用法规则 用法规则 举例 备注(七年级重点) 表示“一个”时,单数名词前加不定冠词a/an a book(一本书)、an apple(一个苹果) an用于以元音音素开头的单词前,a用于辅音音素开头 指示代词this/that修饰可数名词单数 This is a pen.(这是一支钢笔)That is a desk.(那是一张桌子) 区分this(近指)和that(远指),均搭配单数名词 可数名词单数作主语时,谓语动词用三单形式 The student is hard-working. (这个学生很勤奋) 七年级基础考点,避免主谓不一致错误 首次提到的单数可数名词,用a/an修饰 I have a cat. The cat is black.(我有一只猫,这只猫是黑色的) 再次提到时用the,首次用a/an,注意冠词用法衔接 典例 I have __________ interesting book. It’s about animals. A.a B.an C.the D./ 【答案】B 【解析】句意:我有一本有趣的书,它是关于动物的。考查可数名词单数与不定冠词搭配。book是单数可数名词,interesting以元音音素开头,用an修饰。故选B。 即时检测 1.There is __________ useful dictionary on my desk. I use it every day. A.a B.an C.some D.two 【答案】A 【解析】句意:我的桌子上有一本有用的字典,我每天都用它。考查可数名词单数与不定冠词搭配。dictionary是单数可数名词,useful以辅音音素开头,用a修饰。故选A。 2.—Is __________ your schoolbag? —Yes, it is. Thank you. A.this B.that C.these D.those 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——这是你的书包吗?——是的,它是。谢谢你。考查指示代词修饰可数名词单数。结合语境,此处指近处的物品,用近指this;that指远物,these/those修饰复数。故选A。 3.—What’s that? —It’s __________ orange. It’s big and sweet. A.a B.an C.three D.some 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——那是什么?——是一个橙子,它又大又甜。考查单数可数名词首次提及的用法。orange是单数可数名词,首次提到且以元音音素开头,用an修饰;a用于辅音音素开头,three后接复数。故选B。 (3)不可数名词的量化表达 类别 规则 举例 备注(七年级重点) 基本用法 无复数形式,不加-s;不能直接用a/an和数词修饰 water(水)、bread(面包)、news(新闻) 不可以说a water、two breads 数量表达 需搭配量词,结构:数词+量词+of+不可数名词 a cup of water、two pieces of bread 量词需随数词变化(如a→cup,two→pieces) 主谓一致 作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式 The milk is fresh.(牛奶很新鲜) 区别于可数名词复数的主谓一致 典例 —Mom, I’m thirsty. Can I have some __________? —Sure, here you are. Drink slowly. A.water B.waters C.apple D.apples 【答案】A 【解析】句意:—— 妈妈,我渴了,我能喝点水吗?—— 当然,给你。考查不可数名词 water,无复数,some 后接不可数名词,故选 A。 即时检测 1. We only have _______ meat left. Let's go to the supermarket to buy some. A. a little B. a few C. many D. enough [答案】A 【解析】句意:我们只剩下一点肉了。我们去超市买一些吧。a little一点(修饰不可数名词,表示肯定意义);a few一些(修饰可数名词复数);many许多(修饰可数名词复数);enough足够。根据“Let’s goto the supermarket to buy some”(我们去超市买一些吧)可知,剩下的肉很少,但并非完全没有;meat为不可数名词,应用a little. 2. —What can I do for you? —I'd like _______ and _______. A. three orange;two orange juice B. three oranges;two glasses of orange juice C. three oranges;two glass of orange juice D. three oranges;,two glasses of oranges juice 【答案】B 【解析】句意:一—我能为你做什么?——我想要三个桔子和两杯橙汁。orange作“桔子”时是可数名词,three后要用复数形式oranges;orange juice“橙汁”是不可数名词,不直接与基数词连用,表示数量需借助量词glass,表示“两杯”用复数形式twoglassesof。 (4)集合名词的数的特殊用法 集合名词 用法规则(七年级重点) 举例 备注 family 看作整体时,谓语用单数;不考查成员用法 My family is big.(我的家庭很大) 七年级只考整体用法,不拓展 class 看作整体时,谓语用单数 Our class is good.(我们班很好) 结合班级场景考查,简单易懂 team 看作整体时,谓语用单数 The team is strong.(这个团队很强) 了解即可,偶尔考查 典例 —Hi, Amy. Is your __________ big? I want to meet your family members. —Yes, there are 5 people in my family. A.family B.families C.a family D.familyes 【答案】A 【解析】句意:—— 嗨,埃米,你的家庭大吗?我想见见你的家人。—— 是的,我家有5口人。考查集合名词用法,family作“家庭”讲时,视为整体,用单数形式,无familyes,故选 A。 即时检测 1. —Mom, our __________ will have a picnic this weekend. Can I go? —Sure, but be careful. A.class B.classes C.a class D.classs 【答案】A 【解析】句意:—— 妈妈,我们班这周末要去野餐,我能去吗?—— 当然,但要小心。考查集合名词用法,class作“班级”讲,视为整体,用单数形式,故选 A。 2. —Peter, is your __________ strong? I want to join you. —Yes, welcome! We need more members. A.team B.teams C.a team D.teames 【答案】A 【解析】句意:—— 彼得,你们团队强大吗?我想加入你们。—— 是的,欢迎!我们需要更多成员。考查集合名词用法,team作“团队”讲,用单数形式,故选 A。 知识点02 一般现在时 (1) 一般现在时定义 类别规则 举例 备注 表经常性、习惯性动作 I get up at 7:00 every day. 常配频度副词/时间短语 表客观事实、真理 The earth goes around the sun. 时态不变,无时间限制 典例 —Lucy, what time do you __________ every morning? —At 7:00. It’s my habit. A.get up B.gets up C.got up D.getting up 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——露西,你每天早上几点起床?——7点。这是我的习惯。考查一般现在时表习惯性动作,主语you为非三单,谓语用原形,故选A。 解|题|技|巧 常与一般现在时连用的时间短语和频度副词 类别 规则 举例 备注 频度副词 位于be动词后、实义动词前 He often plays football.;She is always busy. 常见:often、always等 时间短语(具体某天) 用介词on,放句末/句首 I go to park on Sundays.;On Monday, I have math. 具体日期、星期均用on 时间短语(泛指) 用介词in/every,放句末 I get up early in the morning.;He reads every day. every后直接接时间名词 即时检测 1.—Tom, does your brother __________ to school by bike every day? —No, he doesn’t. He walks. A.go B.goes C.went D.going 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——汤姆,你弟弟每天骑自行车上学吗?——不,他不骑。他步行。考查一般现在时表习惯性动作,助动词does后接动词原形,主语换为your brother,故选A。 2.—Dad, what do you know about the earth? —It __________ around the sun. It’s a truth. A.go B.goes C.went D.going 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——爸爸,你知道关于地球的什么?——它绕着太阳转。这是一个真理。考查一般现在时表客观真理,主语it为三单,谓语用三单形式,故选B。 3.—Do you often __________ books after school? —Yes, I do. I like reading very much. A.read B.reads C.readed D.reading 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——你放学后经常看书吗?——是的,我经常看。我非常喜欢阅读。考查一般现在时表经常性动作,助动词do后接动词原形,故选A。 (2)动词三单变化规则 类别 规则 举例 备注 一般情况 动词后直接加-s play → plays;eat → eats 多数动词适用 特殊结尾 s/x/ch/sh后加-es wash → washes;watch → watches 注意结尾发音变化 辅音+y结尾 变y为i,再加-es study → studies;fly → flies 元音+y直接加-s 典例 —Lucy, your father __________ tea every afternoon, right? —Yes, he likes drinking tea. A.drink B.drinks C.drinking D.drank 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——露西,你爸爸每天下午喝茶,对吗?——是的,他喜欢喝茶。考查动词三单一般变化,drink直接加-s,主语your father为三单,故选B。 即时检测 1.—Tom, does your sister __________ to music after school? —Yes, she listens to music every day. A.listen B.listens C.listening D.listened 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——汤姆,你妹妹放学后听音乐吗?——是的,她每天听音乐。考查助动词后接动词原形,does后用listen,listen三单加-s,主语换为your sister,故选A。 2.—Peter, your teacher __________ English very well. —Yes, she teaches us carefully. A.teach B.teaches C.teaching D.taught 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——彼得,你的老师英语教得很好。——是的,她认真教我们。考查动词三单变化,teach以ch结尾加-es,主语your teacher为三单,提问角度换为评价,故选B。 3.—What does your brother do on weekends? —He _____________ hard at home every weekend. A.study B.studies C.studied D.studying 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——你弟弟周末做什么?——他每个周末在家努力学习。考查助动词三单形式,主语your brother为三单,用does,study三单变y为i加-es,人称换为第三人称,故选B。 知识点03 名词所有格 (1)基本构成 类别 规则 举例 备注 单数名词 直接加’s表所属 Tom → Tom’s book;cat → cat’s food 所有单数均适用 s结尾复数 直接加’表所属 students → students’ bags;teachers → teachers’ office 避免多写一个s 无s结尾复数 加’s表所属 children → children’s toys;men → men’s shoes 七年级易错点 (2)两人共有与各有加’s 类别 规则 举例 备注 两人共有 只在最后一个人名后加’s Lucy and Lily → Lucy and Lily’s room 表共同所属 两人各有 两个人名后都加’s Lucy and Lily → Lucy’s and Lily’s bags 表各自所属 (3)无生命事物用of所有格 类别 规则 举例 备注 无生命物品 用of短语表所属关系 the door of the room;the cover of the book 不用’s表所属 特殊无生命名词 时间/距离可加’s,也可用of today’s news = the news of today 七年级了解即可 典例01 —Lucy, is this __________ pen? —Yes, it’s Tom’s. A.Tom B.Tom’s C.Toms D.Toms’ 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——露西,这是汤姆的钢笔吗?——是的,是汤姆的。考查单数名词所有格,Tom是单数,直接加’s,故选B。 典例02 —This is __________ room. They live together. —It’s very clean. A.Lucy and Lily B.Lucy and Lily’s C.Lucy’s and Lily D.Lucy’s and Lily’s 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——这是露西和莉莉的房间,她们住在一起。——非常干净。考查两人共有所有格,只在最后加’s,故选B。 典例03 —What’s this? —It’s the __________ the book. A.cover of B.cover’s C.of cover D.cover 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——这是什么?——这是这本书的封面。考查无生命事物of所有格,用the+名词+of+名词,故选A。 即时检测 1. —Peter, do you know the __________ names? —Yes, they are Lily and Lucy. A.girls B.girl’s C.girls’ D.girl 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——彼得,你知道这些女孩的名字吗?——知道,她们是莉莉和露西。考查s结尾复数所有格,主语换为复数girls,加’,提问角度换为“名字”,故选C。 2.—Tom, is this __________ desk? —Yes, Peter and I share it. A.Peter and Tom B.Peter and Tom’s C.Peter’s and Tom D.Peter’s and Tom’s 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——汤姆,这是彼得和你的桌子吗?——是的,彼得和我共用它。考查两人共有所有格,主语换为Peter and you,只在最后加’s,故选B。 3.—Peter, are these __________ books? —Yes, Lily has one and Lucy has one. A.Lily and Lucy B.Lily and Lucy’s C.Lily’s and Lucy D.Lily’s and Lucy’s 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——彼得,这些是莉莉和露西的书吗?——是的,莉莉有一本,露西有一本。考查两人各有所有格,主语换为Lily和Lucy,两人后都加’s,提问角度换为“数量”,故选D。 4.—Tom, do you know the __________ the pen? —Yes, it’s black. A.color of B.color’s C.of color D.color 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——汤姆,你知道这支钢笔的颜色吗?——知道,是黑色的。考查无生命事物of所有格,主语换为the pen,提问角度换为“颜色”,故选A。 5.—Peter, where is the __________ the desk? —It’s under the desk. A.key of B.key’s C.of key D.key 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——彼得,桌子的钥匙在哪里?——在桌子下面。考查无生命事物of所有格,主语换为the desk,提问角度换为“位置”,故选A。 知识点04 现在进行时 (1)定义及用法 类别 规则 举例 备注 表正在进行的动作 描述此刻正在发生的动作 She is reading a book now.(她现在正在看书。) 常配now、look等标志词 表当前进行的状态 描述现阶段持续的动作 They are studying for the exam these days.(这些天他们在备考。) 可无明显时间标志 (2)构成(be+doing) 类别 规则 举例 备注 肯定句 主语 + be (am/is/are) + doing I am reading.;He is running.;They are dancing. be动词随主语变化 否定句 主语 + be + not + doing I am not reading.;She is not singing. not放be动词后 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 + doing? Are you reading?;Is he running? be动词提前放句首 典例01 —Look! What is Lucy doing? —She __________ a picture. A.draw B.draws C.is drawing D.drew 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——看!露西正在做什么?——她正在画画。考查现在进行时表正在进行的动作,标志词look提示用现在进行时,主语she后用is+doing,故选C。 典例02 He __________ playing football now. He is reading. A.is B.isn’t C.are D.aren’t 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——他现在没在踢足球,他正在看书。考查现在进行时否定句,主语he搭配be动词is,否定式为is not(isn’t),结合语境选B。 归|纳|拓|展 现在分词的变化规则 类别 规则 举例 备注 一般情况 动词后直接加-ing play → playing;read → reading 多数动词适用 以不发音e结尾 去e,再加-ing write → writing;dance → dancing e不发音才去e 重读闭音节结尾 双写尾字母,再加-ing run → running;swim → swimming 辅+元+辅结构 即时检测 1.—What __________ your brother doing? —He is playing basketball. A.do B.does C.is D.are 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——你弟弟正在做什么?——他正在打篮球。考查现在进行时构成,主语换为your brother(三单),搭配be动词is,情境换为打篮球,故选C。 2.—They __________ watching TV now. They are doing homework. A.is B.isn’t C.are D.aren’t 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——他们现在没在看电视,他们正在做作业。考查现在进行时否定句,主语换为they,搭配be动词are,否定式为aren’t,情境换为做作业,故选D。 3.—__________ you and your sister reading books? —No, we aren’t. A.Do B.Does C.Is D.Are 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——你和你妹妹正在看书吗?——不,我们没有。考查现在进行时一般疑问句,主语换为you and your sister(复数),搭配be动词are,角度换为复数主语提问,故选D。 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练(测试时间:15分钟) 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.We pick colourful ________ (leaf) in the park and make a nice picture. 【答案】leaves 【解析】句意:我们在公园里采摘五颜六色的叶子,并制作一幅好看的图画。leaf 意为“叶子”,是可数名词。句中没有冠词或其他限定词修饰,且结合生活实际,制作一幅图画采摘的叶子通常不止一片,所以要用复数形式。leaf 变复数时,要将 f 变为 v 再加 es,答案为 leaves。 2.It’s important to make good ________ (choose) for our life and study. 【答案】choices 【解析】句意:为我们的生活和学习做出好的选择是很重要的。句中没有限定“一次选择”,通常用复数形式choices表示泛指,也和our life and study所涵盖的多种场景相匹配。固定搭配make choices表示“做出选择”。 3.Tom never ________ (arrive) late for class. He is a good student. 【答案】arrives 【解析】句意:汤姆上课从不迟到。他是一名好学生。根据标志词never可知,句子时态为一般现在时,主语Tom是第三人称单数,动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填arrives。 4.Mike with his parents often ________ (tidy) their house at weekends. 【答案】tidies 【解析】句意:迈克和他的父母经常在周末打扫他们的房子。句子为一般现在时态,主语“Mike”是第三人称单数,动词“tidy”应变为第三人称单数形式“tidies”。 5.In our neighborhood, everyone ________ (have) different skills. 【答案】has 【解析】句意:在我们小区里,每个人都有不同的技能。句子主语为不定代词everyone,在句中作主语时视为单数。语境为客观事实,用一般现在时。根据主谓一致规则,主语为单数时谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式,动词have的第三人称单数形式为has。 6.Look! There are two baby ________ (wolf) in the picture. 【答案】wolves 【解析】句意:看!图片里有两只小狼。wolf“狼”,是名词。根据句中“two”可知,此处使用名词复数形式,wolf的复数形式是wolves。 7.Without _________ like the wheels and light bulbs, our daily life would be so difficult that we can not imagine. (invent) 【答案】inventions 【解析】句意:没有像轮子和电灯泡这样的发明,我们的日常生活会艰难到无法想象。invent意为“发明”,是动词。Without是介词,后接名词invention,此处指“像轮子和电灯泡这样的发明”,应用复数名词inventions。 8.Most people think ________ (fox) are really cunning (狡猾的). 【答案】foxes 【解析】句意:大多数人认为狐狸真的很狡猾。句子中宾语从句的谓语动词是are,表明主语需用复数形式;fox的复数形式为foxes。 9.Don’t make any noise. The students _________ (have) a math lesson. 【答案】are having 【解析】句意:不要发出任何噪音。学生们在上数学课。句首“Don’t make any noise”提示,“上数学课”这个动作此刻正在进行,因此要用现在进行时。主语“The students”是复数,be动词用are;动词have是以不发音的e字母结尾,变现在分词时需要去e加-ing,故填are having。 10.I don’t know if I can win the race tomorrow, but I _________ (do) my best. 【答案】will do 【解析】句意:我不知道明天的比赛我能不能赢,但我会尽我最大的努力。时间状语“tomorrow”表示将来的动作,所以用一般将来时。will后面接动词原形,故填will do。 11.We ________ (have) a helping hands meeting this weekend. 【答案】will have 【解析】句意:我们这个周末将要举办一场爱心互助会议。根据时间状语this weekend可知句子用一般将来时,应填will have。 12.— Where is your brother? I can’t find him. — He ________ (ride) a bike with his friends in the park. 【答案】is riding 【解析】句意:——你的弟弟在哪里?我找不到他。——他正在公园里和他的朋友们骑自行车。问句“Where is your brother? I can’t find him.”询问弟弟当前的位置,意味着答句要描述弟弟此刻正在进行的动作,所以应该使用现在进行时。现在进行时的结构是“be动词 + 动词的现在分词”。主语“He”是第三人称单数,be动词用is,ride的现在分词是riding,所以空白处应填is riding。 二、单项选择 1.My grandparents have a big garden with many ________. A.apple tree B.apples trees C.apple trees D.apples tree 【答案】C 【解析】句意:我的祖父母有一个有许多苹果树的大花园。 考查复合名词的数。many后必须接可数名词复数形式,“apple tree”是一个复合名词,其中“apple”作为修饰词,保持单数形式,“tree”需要变为复数。因此,复数形式是“apple trees”。故选C。 2.To protect the environment, we should use ________ plastic bags and ________ public transportation. A.more; more B.fewer; more C.less; fewer D.more; less 【答案】B 【解析】句意:为了保护环境,我们应该使用更少的塑料袋,多乘坐公共交通。 more更多;fewer更少(修饰可数名词复数);less更少(修饰不可数名词)。根据环保常识,为了保护环境应减少塑料袋的使用,增加公共交通的使用。plastic bags为可数名词复数,用fewer;public transportation为不可数名词,表示“多用”,用more。应填fewer; more。 3.There are some ________ in the park. They are flying kites. A.child B.children C.a child D.the child 【答案】B 【解析】句意:公园里有一些孩子,他们正在放风筝。 child孩子,单数形式;children孩子们,child的复数形式;a child一个孩子;the child那个孩子。根据“There are some...”可知,此处表示复数概念,应填children。 4.Good friends always ________ each other when they ________ difficulties. A.support; meet B.supports; meets C.support; meets 【答案】A 【解析】句意:好朋友遇到困难时总是互相支持。 第一空主语Good friends是复数,谓语动词用原形support;第二空主语they是复数,谓语动词用原形meet。 5.—Who ________ English best in your class? —Lily does. A.speak B.speaks C.speaking D.to speak 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——你们班谁英语说得最好?——莉莉说得最好。 考查动词时态及主谓一致。speak讲,动词原形;speaks讲,动词第三人称单数形式;speaking讲,现在分词/动名词;to speak讲,动词不定式。根据“Lily does”可知,此处询问的是一般事实或能力,应用一般现在时,排除C、D项;当疑问词Who作主语询问“谁……”且情况不明时,谓语动词通常看作第三人称单数形式。故选B。 6.—Are you sure this is a photo ________, the famous comedy actress (喜剧演员)? —Yes. But she was once (曾经) really thin. A.Jia Ling B.Jia Ling’s C.of Jia Ling D.of Jia Ling’s 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——你确定这是著名喜剧演员贾玲的照片吗?——是的。但她曾经很瘦。 考查所有格形式。a photo of Jia Ling和a photo of Jia Ling’s都表示“贾玲的照片”,但是前者表示照片上的人是贾玲本人,而后者表示照片属于贾玲,但是照片上的人不一定是贾玲本人。结合句意可知照片上的人就是贾玲。故选C。 7.We take a ________ photo together every Spring Festival. But ________ photo was different. A.family’s; this year’s B.family; this year’s C.family’s; this year D.family; this year 【答案】B 【解析】句意:每年春节我们拍一张全家福照片。但今年的照片不同。 考查名词作定语和名词所有格。第一个空,“family photo”为固定短语,意为“全家福”,无需所有格形式,用名词“family”,作定语;第二个空表示“今年的照片”,需用所有格“this year’s”修饰名词“photo”,限定了这张照片的时间属性。故选B。 8.—What are you doing, Henry? —I _______ some online research about pigeons. A.do B.will do C.did D.am doing 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——你正在干什么,Henry?——我正在上网查找有关鸽子的研究。 考查动词时态。根据“What are you doing”询问正在做什么,答语应该用现在进行时,be+动词ing形式。故选D。 9.—Tom, hurry up! We ________ for you. —Just one minute. A.wait B.waited C.are waiting D.have waited 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——汤姆,快点!我们正在等你。——就一分钟。 考查时态。wait 一般现在时态;waited 过去式; are waiting 现在进行时态形式;have waited现在完成时态形式。根据Just one minute.可知,此空应填现在进行时态形式,表示将来的意思,结合句意可知,此空应填 are waiting ,故选C。 10.—They are __________ in the park. Let’s join them. —Great! I like dancing. A.dance B.dances C.dancing D.danced 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——他们正在公园里跳舞,我们加入他们吧。——太好了!我喜欢跳舞。考查现在分词去e变化,dance去e加-ing,主语换为they,情境换为公园跳舞,角度换为邀请,故选C。 重难突破练(测试时间:20分钟) 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The two ________ (law) advice helps us solve the difficult problem quickly. 【答案】lawyers’ 【解析】句意:这两位律师的建议帮助我们迅速解决了这个难题。根据“...advice helps us solve the difficult problem quickly.”和提示词可知,此处指律师帮忙解决问题,名词lawyer“律师”符合题意;“two”修饰复数名词,lawyer的复数形式直接在词尾加-s;修饰名词“advice”应用名词所有格形式,表示所属关系,意为“律师的建议”,lawyers以s结尾,所有格形式直接在词尾加-’,即lawyers’。 2.(24-25七下·江苏无锡锡北片区·期中)The lights are still on. The Blacks ________ (plan) what to take to the party tomorrow in the next room. 【答案】are planning 【解析】句意:灯还亮着。布莱克一家正在隔壁房间计划明天带什么去聚会。根据“The lights are still on”可知,本句所表达的事情正在发生,本句应用现在进行时。根据“The Blacks...what to take to the party tomorrow in the next room.”可知,空格处为本句谓语动词,主语为The Blacks,表示“布莱克一家人”,为复数,故填are planning。 3.(24-25七下·江苏无锡锡山高级中学·期中)I’m busy because I ________ (work) on a project these days. 【答案】am working 【解析】句意:我很忙,因为这些天我一直在做一个项目。根据“I’m busy...these days”可知,时态为现在进行时,主语是“I”,be动词用am,work的现在分词为working,故填am working。 4.By 2050, the world’s population ________ (grow) to an even ________ (large) number. 【答案】 will grow larger 【解析】句意:到2050年,世界人口将增长到一个更大的数量。根据“By 2050”表示“到2050年”,这是一个将来的时间点,常与将来完成时或一般将来时搭配。这里表达对未来情况的预测,用一般将来时,“grow”意为“增长”,其一般将来时结构为“will+动词原形”,所以第一空用“will grow”。对于第二空,“even”常用来修饰形容词比较级,表示“甚至”;“large”意为“大的”,其比较级形式是“larger” ,意为“更大的”,表示2050年人口数量比现在更大。故填will grow;larger。 5.There ________ (be)a talk show on CCTV-3 at eight this evening. 【答案】will be 【解析】句意:今晚八点在CCTV-3将有一个脱口秀。根据“There”以及“this evening”可知,此处是there be句型的一般将来时,其结构为there will be。故填will be。 6.With the ________ of technology, they are ________ more products. (develop) 【答案】 development developing 【解析】句意:随着科技的发展,他们正在创造更多产品。第一空,根据“the...of”可知,需要名词,develop的名词development“发展”;第二空,分析句子结构可知,此处是句子的位谓语动词,表示正在进行be doing,develop的现在分词developing。故填development;developing。 7.My uncle is like a __________ (guide) star to me and I always turn to him for help. 【答案】guiding 【解析】句意:我叔叔就像是我的指路明灯,我总是向他求助。分析题干可知,此处应用guide的动名词形式guiding作定语修饰名词star。故填guiding。 8.It’s fun to explore interesting ________ of English through reading English magazines. (use) 【答案】uses 【解析】句意:通过阅读英语杂志来探索有趣的英语用法是很有趣的。根据“explore interesting...of English”可知,此处表示探索具体的有趣的英语用法,应用use“使用”的名词形式,可数名词,用复数形式表多种具体的用法,故填uses。 9.We receive hundreds of job ________ (apply) each year and only a few people stand out. 【答案】applications 【解析】句意:我们每年收到数百份工作申请,只有少数人脱颖而出。根据“hundreds of job ... (apply)”可知,是上百份工作申请,hundreds of后接可数名词复数“applications”,表示“申请”,故填applications。 10.I have two ________ (pencil-box). 【答案】pencil-boxes 【解析】句意:我有两个铅笔盒。空前有基数词two可知,空处填写名词复数,“pencil-box”的复数形式是“pencil-boxes”。故填pencil-boxes。 二、单项选择 1.─Can you see some _________ on the farm? ─Of course I can. They look so lovely. A.horse B.chicken C.sheep D.rabbit 【答案】C 【解析】句意:—你能看见广场上的羊吗?—当然能了,它们看起来如此可爱。 A. horse马,单数;B. chicken小鸡,单数;C. sheep羊,单复同行;D. rabbit兔子,单数。根据some加可数名词复数,故选C。 2.—How many ________ doctors are there in your hospital, David? —________ them ________ over one hundred. A.woman;The number of;is B.women;A number of;are C.woman;A number of;is D.women;The number of;is 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——戴维,你们医院有多少女医生?——她们的数量超过一百。 考查名词作定语和主谓一致。第一空:名词作定语时,通常用单数形式,但“woman”和“man”修饰复数名词时需变为复数“women/men”,此处修饰复数名词“doctors”,故用“women”;第二空和第三空:“The number of”意为“……的数量”,作主语时谓语动词用单数;“A number of”意为“许多”,修饰复数名词,谓语动词用复数,根据答语“over one hundred”可知是描述总数量,应用“The number of...is”。故选D。 3.Her mother bought ________ for her. A.two pair of shoe B.two pair of shoes C.two pairs of shoes 【答案】C 【解析】她的母亲给她买了两双鞋。 考查量词。shoe“鞋”,可数名词,“两双鞋”应表达为two pairs of shoes,此时pair和shoe都应用复数形式。故选C。 4.She has visited the museum several times. She ________ the amazing artworks on display there very much. A.likes B.has liked C.will like D.liked 【答案】A 【解析】句意:她参观过这个博物馆好几次了。她非常喜欢那里展出的令人惊叹的艺术品。 likes喜欢(一般现在时主语为第三人称单数时);has liked喜欢(现在完成时);will like喜欢(一般将来时);liked喜欢(一般过去时)。根据“She has visited the museum several times.”可知她有多次参观经历,此处表达她目前对这些艺术品的喜爱之情,属于客观事实或当前状态,应用一般现在时,主语she为单数第三人称形式。应填likes。 5.He told me that the earth ________ around the sun. A.go B.goes C.went D.is going 【答案】B 【解析】句意:他告诉我地球绕着太阳转。 宾语从句表示客观真理时,时态不受主句影响,需用一般现在时。主语是名词单数“the earth”,谓语使用三单形式,应填goes。 6.I know the early bird ______ the worm, but I don’t want to get up early. A.catch B.catches C.caught D.catching 【答案】B 【解析】句意:我知道“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”这句谚语,但我不想早起。 考查动词的正确形式。“the early bird catches the worm”是一句固定谚语,意为“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”,该谚语表达的是普遍真理,通常使用一般现在时;主语“the early bird”是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,“catch”的第三人称单数是“catches”。故选B。 7.This is bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much. A.Gina and Lana's B.Gina's and Lana C.Gina's and Lana's D.Gina and Lana 【答案】A 【解析】句意:这是Gina和Lana的卧室, 这对儿双胞胎姐妹很喜欢它。根据句子中的is以及名词bedroom是单数,可知房间是她们两个共有的,表示共有时只需要在后面的人名后加’s, 故选A。 8.—Are you sure this is a photo ________, the famous comedy actress (喜剧演员)? —Yes. But she was once (曾经) really thin. A.Jia Ling B.Jia Ling’s C.of Jia Ling D.of Jia Ling’s 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——你确定这是著名喜剧演员贾玲的照片吗?——是的。但她曾经很瘦。 考查所有格形式。a photo of Jia Ling和a photo of Jia Ling’s都表示“贾玲的照片”,但是前者表示照片上的人是贾玲本人,而后者表示照片属于贾玲,但是照片上的人不一定是贾玲本人。结合句意可知照片上的人就是贾玲。故选C。 综合拓展练(测试时间:10分钟) 1.Look! Two ________ are planting ________ with their students. A.man teachers; apple trees B.man teachers; apples trees C.men teachers; apples trees D.men teachers; apple trees 【答案】D 【解析】句意:看!两位男老师正在和他们的学生一起种苹果树。 考查复合名词。当man和woman作定语修饰名词表示复数时,man和woman也要变成复数形式men和women,所以“男老师”的复数形式是men teachers;其他名词作定语时,通常使用单数形式,所以“苹果树”的复数形式是apple trees。故选D。 2.We can enjoy the _________ of nature in the countryside. A.wonder B.wonders C.wonderful 【答案】B 【解析】句意:我们可以在乡村享受大自然的奇观。 wonder想知道/奇迹;wonders奇迹(复数);wonderful精彩的。空前有定冠词the,空后有介词of,此处应填名词,排除形容词wonderful。固定搭配the wonders of nature意为“大自然的奇观”,常用复数形式表示多种奇妙事物。 3.There is going to be a basketball match between ________ and ________. A.man teacher; boy students B.men teachers; boy students C.man teacher; boy student D.men teachers; boy student 【答案】B 【解析】句意:将有一场男老师和男学生之间的篮球比赛。 man teacher “男老师”;men teachers“男老师们(man修饰复数名词时,man也要变为复数men)”;boy student “男学生”;boy students“男学生们(boy修饰复数名词时,boy保持原形)”。篮球比赛是两队之间进行,因此两个名词都需要用复数形式,所以第一空填men teachers,第二空填boy students。 4.I know the early bird ______ the worm, but I don’t want to get up early. A.catch B.catches C.caught D.catching 【答案】B 【解析】句意:我知道“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”这句谚语,但我不想早起。 考查动词的正确形式。“the early bird catches the worm”是一句固定谚语,意为“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”,该谚语表达的是普遍真理,通常使用一般现在时;主语“the early bird”是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,“catch”的第三人称单数是“catches”。故选B。 5.—Mum, you look so tired. What’s wrong? —I did ________ housework this morning. Maybe I need a rest now. A.three hour’s B.three hours of C.three-hour of D.three-hours’ 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——妈妈,你看起来很累。怎么了? ——今天早上我做了三个小时的家务。也许我现在需要休息一下。 考查时间的特殊表达。这里是时间作定语,表示“三个小时的作业”,应使用three hours of或者three hours’。故选B。 6.Sandy has ________ bedroom. She has many clothes ________ in it. A.of her own; of her own B.her own; of her own C.her own; her own D.of her own; her own 【答案】B 【解析】句意:桑迪有她自己的卧室。她有很多自己的衣服在里面。 考查所有格。one’s own某人自己的,是固定短语。第一空表示“桑迪自己的卧室”,应用her own;第二空位于名词clothes之后,需用介词of,表示“她有很多属于自己的衣服”。故选B。 7.—I don’t believe AI _________ do everything for us within 30 years. —Yeah, I know what you mean. To tell you the truth, I _________ a meeting about this topic next Monday. A.will; am having B.will; will have C.is going to; will have D.is going to; am having 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——我不相信人工智能在30年内能为我们做所有事情。——是的,我明白你的意思。说实话,下周一我有一个关于这个话题的会议。 第一空,will将(侧重预测);is going to将要(侧重事先有计划)。“within 30 years”表示将来时间,应用一般将来时will表示预测。第二空,am having正在有;will have将有(侧重预测)。“next Monday”是将来时间,表示按计划将发生的动作,可用现在进行时表将来,am having符合,应填will; am having。 8.She usually ________ to music in the evening, but now she ________ TV. A.listen; is watch B.listens; watching C.listens; is watching D.listen; is watching 【答案】C 【解析】句意:她通常在晚上听音乐,但现在她在看电视。 根据“usually”可知,第一空表示经常性习惯,用一般现在时,主语She是第三人称单数,动词用listens;根据“now”可知,第二空表示正在进行的动作,用现在进行时be+doing结构,即is watching。 9.Do you have ________ umbrella with you? It is ________ hard outside. A.a; rainy B.an; rainy C.a; raining D.an; raining 【答案】D 【解析】句意:你随身带伞了吗?外面雨下得很大。 a一个,不定冠词,修饰以辅音音素开头的单词;an一个,不定冠词,修饰以元音音素开头的单词;rainy下雨的,形容词;raining下雨,现在分词。第一个空后的“umbrella”是以元音音素开头的单词,结合句意可知,此处表示泛指,所以用不定冠词an;第二个空表示外面正在下雨,所以用现在分词raining。 10.Annie as well as her classmates ________ waiting in line at the school canteen. They each ________ to have a hamburger for lunch. A.is; wants B.is; want C.are; wants D.are; want 【答案】B 【解析】句意:安妮和她的同学们正在学校食堂排队等候。他们每个人都想午餐吃一个汉堡包。 考查主谓一致。在“Annie as well as her classmates”这个结构中,as well as连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的数应与前面的主语Annie保持一致,所以第一个空应该用is;第二个空的主语是They,是复数形式,所以谓语动词用原形want。故选B。 11.—If Kate _________ back, tell her to come to my office, please. —OK, I ________. A.comes; will B.comes; do C.will come; will D.will come; do 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——如果凯特回来,请告诉她来我的办公室。——好的,我会的。 考查时态用法。根据“If Kate”可知,第一空所在句子为条件状语从句;在条件状语从句中,从句用一般现在时表示将来,主语为“Kate”,故动词应用单三形式,即“comes”。根据“OK, I…”可知,是答应之后就告诉她,时态应为一般将来时,结构为will+动词原形,此处省略动词。故选A。 12.Sometimes Tom with his parents ________ TV after dinner, but now they ________ books. A.is watching; read B.watch; are reading C.watches; are reading D.watches; read 【答案】C 【解析】句意:有时汤姆和他的父母晚饭后看电视,但现在他们正在看书。 考查主谓一致和现在进行时。第一空,根据“Sometimes”可知,此处为一般现在时,with连接并列主语时,谓语动词与with前的主语保持人称和数的一致,所以此处应用第三人称单数watches,排除A项和B项;第二空,根据“now”可知,此处应用现在进行时,排除D项。故选C。 3 / 3 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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名词的数、一般现在时、名词所有格、现在进行时(期中复习讲义)七年级英语下学期新教材北师大版
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