精品解析：山东省菏泽一中2025-2026学年高二下学期期中模拟英语试题

高二英语期中考前模拟试题 注意事项： 1．本试卷满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。 2．答题前，考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。 3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径 0.5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What are the speakers talking about? A. The man’s being late. B. The heavy traffic. C. Bad public services. 2. Where does the conversation take place? A At a post office. B. In a bank. C. In a book store. 3. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Strangers. C. Guide and tourist. 4. When does this talk probably take place? A. Before an important exam. B. During a radio program. C. At the end of a lecture. 5. How much will the man pay? A. $80. B. $90. C. $100. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. How does Peter feel about e-CNY? A. Confused. B. Curious. C. Cold. 7. What does Xiao Li do? A. Promote an app. B. Host a foreigner. C. Offer assistance. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. How does the man feel about Paul? A. Considerate and hardworking. B. Kind-hearted and helpful. C. Sociable and reliable. 9. What does the man do at the end of the conversation? A. He introduces a friend to the woman. B. He invites the woman to a party. C. He goes out with the woman. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why were some accounts stolen? A. People chose simple numbers as passwords. B. People didn’t lock their phone from the left. C. People started their lock-screen patterns from a corner. 11. How can we make our passwords, safer? A. By using a corner. B. By using Chinese characters. C. By complicating them. 12. What can be inferred from the talk? A. Harder means safer. B. Different is the best. C. Keep away from hackers. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What was stressful for Mark after he arrived in China? A. Writing an essay. B. Ordering Chinese food. C. Driving in China. 14. Which does Mark think most effective in terms of learning Chinese? A. Having a learned teacher. B. Entering for a Chinese class. C. Studying with a Chinese friend. 15. With whom Mark wants to share his experience? A. English majors. B. Life-long learners. C. Foreigners who learn Chinese. 16. How many foreigners learned Chinese in 2024? A. About 100 million. B. Nearly 200 million. C. Over 300 million. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker mainly talking to? A. Foreign freshmen. B. Native speakers. C. New settlers. 18. Why are foreign students different from native students? A. They have to register with the local university. B. They have a more complex registration process. C. They enjoy a better social and medical welfare. 19. What may stop you from associating with others? A. Shyness. B. Comfort. C. Bravery. 20. Why does the speaker make the speech? A. To help students with the welcome week. B. To urge students to know difficulties in life. C To assist students to adapt to a new culture. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、 D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Bali Wildlife Volunteer Program ABOUT THE PROGRAM Bali wildlife volunteers help to care for a variety of animal species. Volunteers help promote and improve the well-being of animals at the wildlife centre. VOLUNTEER ROLE & TYPICAL WORKDAY As a wildlife volunteer in Bali, you will rotate (轮换) across several of the projects and locations we work in, gaining a wide range of insights into the many ways volunteers can make an impact during their time on the program. While on the project, you will work alongside other staff members who have years of experience. Typical activities you will get involved in during your time as a volunteer in Bali Wildlife Centre include feeding, cleaning, daily care and so on. REQUIREMENTS To join the program, you need to be at least 15 years old and able to speak English at the intermediate (中级的) level. You should be physically fit, as volunteering overseas can be quite hard. If you have any health problems that may affect your participation, you must report them to us in your online application. As for the time commitment, volunteers are expected to work about 3-5hours per day from Monday to Thursday, and Friday is optional but is encouraged. FREE TIME ACTIVITIES Participants generally volunteer on a Monday-Thursday basis and on the weekends are free to relax or travel around. The wider travel opportunity is extremely important to the whole experience and it is something we certainly recommend. Our loal team is able to arrange free activities, transportation and accommodation but please note this is usually an independent experience outside of the core program. 1. What is the aim of the program? A. To contribute to the well-being of wild animals. B. To promote environmental conservation. C. To teach animal rescue techniques. D. To conduct wildlife research. 2. What is a specific requirement for volunteers? A. Having experience in wildlife rescue. B. Being good at written English. C. Being in good condition. D. Reaching adulthood. 3. What do we know about volunteers? A. Their work locations are fixed. B. They have to work on weekends. C. They need to pay for transportation. D. They can travel around during their free time. B A 12-minute piece of music composed by Mozart has been discovered in a library in Germany. Researchers think the composer wrote the previously unknown piece-called Serenade in C-when he was a young teenager. The composition was found in the holdings of Germany’s Leipzig Municipal Libraries-some 280 miles north of Salzburg, Austria, where Mozart was born in 1756. Although Mozart wrote this piece when he was only a teenager, it was not uncommon for him to write music in his childhood. Mozart began to perform around Austria from the age of five and shortly afterwards became famous as a composer. Mozart probably wrote the recently discovered composition between the mid and late 1760s, according to a statement from the Leipzig Municipal Libraries. Library researchers were compiling (编辑) an edition of the Kochel catalog, a collection of Mozart’s works, when they came across a mysterious bound manuscript (装订好的手稿) containing a handwritten composition in brown ink. The composition is thought to have been written by Mozart. The handwriting, however, is not Mozart’s, suggesting that the manuscript is a copy of the original composition. The researchers think it was made around 1780. The researchers say the music fits stylistically with other works from the 1760s, when Mozart was between the ages of 10 and13. The young composer was no longer creating pieces that sounded like this one by the time he was in his late teens. In his early years, Mozart wrote many chamber works like Serenade in C, which his father recorded on a list of his son’s compositions. Many of these works were thought to have been lost to history. Luckily, this particular piece was saved–thanks to the composer’ s sister. “It looks as if a complete string trio (二重奏曲) has survived in Leipzig,” Leisinger, a worker from the International Mozarteum Foundation, says. “The source was obviously Mozart’s sister, who perhaps preserved the work in memory of her brother.” 4. What does the second paragraph intend to show about Mozart? A. His talent at a young age. B. His connection to Salzburg. C. His preference for performing. D. His popularity all around the world. 5. On what basis do the researchers date Serenade in C? A. The title of the composition. B. The style of the composition. C. The number in the Kochel catalog. D. The color of the ink used in the copy. 6. Why is Mozart’s sister mentioned? A. She had a positive influence on Mozart. B. She was the first to perform Serenade in C. C. She helped Mozart compose Serenade in C. D. She was the one who preserved Serenade in C. 7. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Mozart’s Works Need Updating. B. Mozart’s Works Attract New Attention. C. A Lost Mozart Composition Was Discovered. D. Researchers Uncovered the Early Life of Mozart. C Throughout history, lions have represented courage and strength. Lions live in groups called prides, and the size of a pride depends on food availability, but a typical pride includes one to three males, a dozen females, and their cubs or young lions. Males are larger than females (lionesses). A lion’s body ranges in length from 4.5 to 6.5 feet, with a tail from 26 to 40 inches. Both males and females are powerful, muscular cats with rounded heads and ears. Only adult male lions display a brown, rust, or black mane (鼠毛) which extends down the neck and chest. Lions’ diet consists of more than 70% meat. Lions prefer to hunt big animals including zebra, buffalo, and giraffe. They usually avoid very large(elephant) and very small(monkey) prey (猎物), but they’ll take farm animals. Lions most often hunt at dawn or dusk, but can adapt to their prey to change their schedule. When hunting, lionesses run from more than one direction to catch fleeing animals. Usually, prey is consumed at the hunting site. Male lions tend to be four or five years old before winning a challenge and joining a pride. When a new male takes over a pride, he usually kills the youngest generation of cubs and drives away the adolescents. Most adult lions are killed by humans or other lions, although some die from injuries while hunting. Usually, about 80% of cubs die, but those that survive to adulthood may live to be 10 to 14 years of age. Some cubs are killed by hyenas and wild dogs. The lion is listed as “vulnerable (易危的)” on the IUCN Red List. The wild population decreased by approximately 43% from 1993 to 2014. Although lions can tolerate a wide range of habitats, they are threatened because people continue to kill them and because of the lack of prey. 8. What do we know about lions according to paragraph 1? A. They are social animals. B. They all have a nice mane. C. They are known for their powerful tails. D. They have the same head and ear size. 9. How do lions typically get food? A. By hunting on big farms. B. By hiding close to their prey. C. By using tools to trap their prey. D. By catching their prey cooperatively. 10. What can be learned about cubs in paragraph 3? A. They tend to live a very long life. B. Most of them are killed by other animals. C. They face many threats before adulthood. D. They are carefully protected by their parents. 11. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The shortage of available prey. B. Threatened habitats for lions. C. The tough situation of the wild lion. D. Endangered animals on the IUCN Red List. D Research has found that loneliness and social isolation are associated with an increased risk of conditions like anxiety, depression, heart disease, and stroke. In fact, a 2010 analysis found that loneliness is as harmful to physical health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day — meaning using friendship to reduce loneliness is good for you. But how many friends should you have? According to Jeffrey Hall, a professor of communication studies at the University of Kansas, if you want to ease the health impacts of loneliness, the most important thing you can do is to have at least one important person in your life. But if you want to have the most meaningful life, one where you feel very bonded and connected to others, more friends are better. Some research endorses his remarks. One study from 2016 found that those with at least six friends have better health throughout their lives, and a study from 2020 found that middle-aged women who have at least three friends typically have higher levels of overall satisfaction with their lives. To figure out whether you need more friends in your life, psychologist Marisa Franco recommends asking yourself, “Do I feel lonely?” Loneliness is sort of an alarm system. While everyone feels lonely sometimes, you should determine whether you feel left out or isolated regularly. Franco also recommends asking yourself if there are parts of your identity that you feel are restricted. “Different people bring out different parts of us. So when you have a large friend group, you’re able to experience this side of yourself that loves basketball, and that side of yourself that loves flowers,” Franco said. “If you’re not feeling quite like yourself, that might indicate you need different types of friends.” Since making new friends can be difficult, Franco said it’s often easier to rekindle old relationships. She added that you should take the initiative and not assume that friendships will naturally happen. “Ultimately, there ‘isn’t a magic number’ of friends for everyone,” Hall said. “Your personality and the characteristics of your life are going to make a difference.” 12. What might Jeffrey Hall agree with? A. Having just one friend leads to more happiness. B. Everyone’s ideal number of friends doesn’t vary. C. A broad friend network enables strong connections. D. Friendship should be prioritized in social relations. 13. What does the underlined word “endorses” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Creates. B. Supports. C. Satisfies. D. Introduces. 14. Which one suggests a person needs more friends according to Franco? A. Continuous self-doubt. B. Few exciting experiences. C. Ineffective social activities. D. Constant feelings of isolation. 15. What does Franco say about having a large friend group? A. It requires befriending those with shared values. B. It ensures personal growth by wide social circles. C. It means a person won’t feel restricted any longer. D. It helps explore different aspects of one’s personality. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sometimes it feels like the world runs on autopilot. Food comes from the supermarket, hospitals have life-saving devices, and a new smart phone can be sent to your home. None of this would exist, though, without abundant natural resources. ____16____ Others, like minerals, fossil fuels, and metals, are non-renewable. Could we face a world without these resources? Let’s see. Oxygen is the third most abundant element in the universe. Earth’s oxygen levels have been decreasing for about a million years due to carbon emissions. Some researchers say we’ll soon run out of it. ____17____ If the Earth lost oxygen for five seconds, airplanes would crash, and buildings would turn to dust. Water has been nourishing the Earth for 4.6 billion years. About 70% of the planet’s surface is made of this natural resource — that includes our oceans, seas, rivers and lakes. ____18____ However, over 95% is undrinkable. We face an increasing shortage of freshwater compared to the demand for it. If we ever do run out of water, experts predict catastrophes like war, starvation, and a global economic crash. ____19____ They, like coal, oil and natural gas, come from the remains of decaying (腐烂的) plants and animals. We rely on them for things like heat, energy and fuel. But our dependence on this non-renewable resource is decreasing our supply and contributing to climate change. Some scientists predict we could run out of them by 2060 if we don’t shift towards alternative energy. A UN official confirmed that we might run out of soil in about 60 years. Global warming, deforestation (滥伐森林) and chemical farming all contribute to the destruction of soil, and, essentially, we are using soil faster than we can replenish (补充) it. We need healthy topsoil to grow about 95% of our food. ____20____ A. Once they’re gone, they’re gone for good. B. Some, like the sun and wind, are renewable. C. Fossil fuels have existed for millions of years. D. It also exists in the atmosphere and beneath the ground. E. But most scientists agree we are nowhere near a relevant crisis. F. Nevertheless, all these depend on natural resources from the earth. G. Without fertile planting grounds for crops, entire civilizations can be wiped out. 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Years ago, Virginia Squier chaperoned (护送) a group of middle school students on a tour of Madrid. She ____21____ her 8-year-old daughter, Chambers. One afternoon near the visit’s end, Squier, her daughter and the school group were on a Madrid underground platform, ready for their next ____22____. It was 5 p.m. and the ____23____ was crowded. Squier took hold of Chambers’ hand and began counting her students. Just then, a train ____24____ to the platform. “Suddenly, my daughter let go of my ____25____, jumped on the train, and the doors snapped shut,” Squier said. “As the train gathered speed, I ran alongside trying to ____26____ the door open by digging my fingers into the black rubber gasket (橡胶垫片). I could see my daughter’s ____27____ face through the glass.” The ____28____ thing she saw as the train pulled out of the station was Chambers crying and pounding her small fists against the glass. Behind Chambers, a young man dressed in a black leather jacket with a spiked dog collar ____29____ his seat and started moving toward Chambers. Terrified, Squier found the staff but ____30____ to communicate due to a language barrier. Squier said, “I focused on my plea when a student said, ‘She’s back.’ I turned, and there she was...my little girl.” The man on the train had ____31____ what had happened and stepped in. He comforted Chambers, guided her off at the next ____32____, and they boarded a train back to her mother. “My preformed notion that he was frightening was ____33____,” Squier said. “I broke down, sobbing, and hugging my child. When I looked up to thank him, he was gone.” Squier said the man didn’t just save her daughter. He changed her ____34____ on people, teaching her to be more ____35____ and not to judge a person by their looks. 21. A. showed around B. looked after C. missed out D. brought along 22. A. competition B. performance C. destination D. adventure 23. A. city B. train C. station D. street 24. A. pulled up B. pulled down C. pulled out D. pulled back 25. A. arm B. lead C. sight D. hand 26. A. keep B. push C. force D. kick 27. A. excited B. annoyed C. confused D. frightened 28. A. last B. best C. first D. only 29. A. left B. spared C. lost D. found 30. A. refused B. failed C. feared D. struggled 31. A. foreseen B. witnessed C. suspected D. overlooked 32. A. stop B. crossing C. entrance D. location 33. A. destroyed B. tested C. weakened D. questioned 34. A. focus B. comment C. influence D. perspective 35. A. patient B. thoughtful C. accepting D. adaptable 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Festivals have diverse origins. They are from various ____36____ (source), including different seasons, religions, historical figures, and significant events. Although each festival has its own customs, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals. One of the most common festivals is the harvest festival, ____37____ (celebrate) in almost every culture to give thanks to the year’s supply of food. In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival ____38____ (mark) by a parade and a feast with music, dancing, and sports. Today, people in some European countries decorate churches and town halls and gather for a meal to celebrate the festival, while in China people celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival with family gatherings and mooncakes. Festival customs can change over time. For example, ____39____ (reduce) air pollution, lighting firecrackers during the Spring Festival has been cancelled in many big cities. ____40____ (similar), Halloween, which was a religious festival in the past, has become a fun festival for children. Businesses have started to make use ____41____ festivals. Online shopping and social media are ____42____ (drive) more spending. Some people say festivals shouldn’t be made commercial, others see it as ____43____ (benefit) for the economy and public enjoyment. Festivals play ____44____ important role in society, reflecting our wishes, beliefs, faiths and attitudes. They offer us a break from our busy life, help us know who we are and ____45____ we came from, and make us understand different cultures. 第三节 单词拼写（共10小题，每题1分，满分10分） 46. Claude Monet was impressed by the v________ (视觉的) effects of the steam engine. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 47. In the art market, no one can g________ (保证) that an artist will be a good i________ (投资). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 48. The painting Clearing After Snow on a Mountain Pass, made with extraordinary skill, has remained p________ (永久的) in the museum’s collection. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 49. His c ________ (批评) of the painting was based on its lack of originality. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 50. These pictures are r________ (典型的) of ink wash animation films. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 51. To prevent harmful habits like these from d________ (控制) a teenager’s life is essential. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 52. We are what we r________ (重复地) do. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 53. It was not polite to d________ (打扰) your neighbors with loud music last night. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 54. We could try to replace a n______ (消极的) routine with something more positive. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 55. To reach the goal of change, a person must show some d________ (自制力) and repeatedly take many small steps. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 书面表达（满分15分） 56. 假定你是李华。你的英国好友John来信说自己一到晚上就精神亢奋，总是熬夜到很晚，导致上课时难以集中精力。请你根据以下要点提示给他写一封回信，帮助他改掉熬夜的坏习惯。 1. 表明写信目的；2. 提出具体建议；3. 表达祝愿。 注意：1. 词数 80 左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear John, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分 25 分） 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As teachers, we try hard year after year to help our students feel successful. But sometimes there comes one student that presents a challenge. A few years ago, I had that challenge. His name was David. Before school even started, his name had come before him. He had moved from another school into mine. On the first day of school, all the excited students walked into the room longing to start: everyone but David. He had had a hard summer. His father was in jail (监狱). This angered him because his family was not together. His mother had to work nights, so she wasn’t there in the evening and was sleeping when he woke up. During the evenings, he lived with his sixteen-year old sister. I knew he got less support at home. But David was a bright student. All showed that. So I began my challenge to help David achieve success. I liked him immediately and saw so much energy hidden behind an angry wall he had built up around himself. But David slowly quit doing his homework and began to get into more trouble. It was clear that he was looking for any kind of attention. I knew if David was going to pass the fifth grade, I needed to come up with a plan. One day, David and I sat in the library and just talked. I told him that I knew that he was not an “F” student and that I didn’t want him to be suspended (停学). It was my job to teach him, but his job to try. We talked about his family and what he did after school. He wanted to do well. From then on, David and I often sat in the library and just talked. He knew what I expected from him and that I liked him. As a result, he had a better performance in my class. But sometimes, he would talk back to other adults. I asked him why he had never talked back to me. He said I would not jump to conclusions without hearing his side of a story. 注意：1．续写词数应为 150 左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 One day as we were having lunch together, he told me that his goal was to pass the fifth grade. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After reading the note, I sat down with tears rolling down my face. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二英语期中考前模拟试题 注意事项： 1．本试卷满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。 2．答题前，考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。 3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径 0.5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What are the speakers talking about? A. The man’s being late. B. The heavy traffic. C. Bad public services. 2. Where does the conversation take place? A At a post office. B. In a bank. C. In a book store. 3. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Strangers. C. Guide and tourist. 4. When does this talk probably take place? A. Before an important exam. B. During a radio program. C. At the end of a lecture. 5. How much will the man pay? A. $80. B. $90. C. $100. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. How does Peter feel about e-CNY? A. Confused. B. Curious. C. Cold. 7. What does Xiao Li do? A. Promote an app. B. Host a foreigner. C. Offer assistance. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. How does the man feel about Paul? A. Considerate and hardworking. B. Kind-hearted and helpful. C. Sociable and reliable. 9. What does the man do at the end of the conversation? A. He introduces a friend to the woman. B. He invites the woman to a party. C. He goes out with the woman. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why were some accounts stolen? A. People chose simple numbers as passwords. B. People didn’t lock their phone from the left. C. People started their lock-screen patterns from a corner. 11. How can we make our passwords, safer? A. By using a corner. B. By using Chinese characters. C. By complicating them. 12. What can be inferred from the talk? A. Harder means safer. B. Different is the best. C. Keep away from hackers. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What was stressful for Mark after he arrived in China? A. Writing an essay. B. Ordering Chinese food. C. Driving in China. 14. Which does Mark think most effective in terms of learning Chinese? A. Having a learned teacher. B. Entering for a Chinese class. C. Studying with a Chinese friend. 15. With whom Mark wants to share his experience? A. English majors. B. Life-long learners. C. Foreigners who learn Chinese. 16. How many foreigners learned Chinese in 2024? A. About 100 million. B. Nearly 200 million. C. Over 300 million. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker mainly talking to? A. Foreign freshmen. B. Native speakers. C. New settlers. 18. Why are foreign students different from native students? A. They have to register with the local university. B. They have a more complex registration process. C. They enjoy a better social and medical welfare. 19. What may stop you from associating with others? A. Shyness. B. Comfort. C. Bravery. 20. Why does the speaker make the speech? A. To help students with the welcome week. B. To urge students to know difficulties in life. C To assist students to adapt to a new culture. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、 D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Bali Wildlife Volunteer Program ABOUT THE PROGRAM Bali wildlife volunteers help to care for a variety of animal species. Volunteers help promote and improve the well-being of animals at the wildlife centre. VOLUNTEER ROLE & TYPICAL WORKDAY As a wildlife volunteer in Bali, you will rotate (轮换) across several of the projects and locations we work in, gaining a wide range of insights into the many ways volunteers can make an impact during their time on the program. While on the project, you will work alongside other staff members who have years of experience. Typical activities you will get involved in during your time as a volunteer in Bali Wildlife Centre include feeding, cleaning, daily care and so on. REQUIREMENTS To join the program, you need to be at least 15 years old and able to speak English at the intermediate (中级的) level. You should be physically fit, as volunteering overseas can be quite hard. If you have any health problems that may affect your participation, you must report them to us in your online application. As for the time commitment, volunteers are expected to work about 3-5hours per day from Monday to Thursday, and Friday is optional but is encouraged. FREE TIME ACTIVITIES Participants generally volunteer on a Monday-Thursday basis and on the weekends are free to relax or travel around. The wider travel opportunity is extremely important to the whole experience and it is something we certainly recommend. Our loal team is able to arrange free activities, transportation and accommodation but please note this is usually an independent experience outside of the core program. 1. What is the aim of the program? A. To contribute to the well-being of wild animals. B. To promote environmental conservation. C. To teach animal rescue techniques. D. To conduct wildlife research. 2. What is a specific requirement for volunteers? A. Having experience in wildlife rescue. B. Being good at written English. C. Being in good condition. D. Reaching adulthood. 3. What do we know about volunteers? A. Their work locations are fixed. B. They have to work on weekends. C. They need to pay for transportation. D. They can travel around during their free time. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了巴厘岛野生动物志愿者项目。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据ABOUT THE PROGRAM部分中“Bali wildlife volunteers help to care for a variety of animal species. Volunteers help promote and improve the well being of animals at the wildlife centre.(巴厘岛野生动物志愿者帮助照顾各种动物物种。志愿者帮助促进和改善野生动物中心动物的福祉)”可知，该项目的目的是为野生动物的福祉做出贡献。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据REQUIREMENTS部分中“You should be physically fit, as volunteering overseas can be quite hard.(你应该身体健康，因为在海外做志愿者可能相当辛苦)”可知，对志愿者的一个具体要求是身体状况良好。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据FREE TIME ACTIVITIES部分中“Participants generally volunteer on a Monday Thursday basis and on the weekends are free to relax or travel around.(参与者通常在周一至周四做志愿者，周末可以自由放松或四处旅行)”可知，志愿者在空闲时间可以四处旅行。故选D项。 B A 12-minute piece of music composed by Mozart has been discovered in a library in Germany. Researchers think the composer wrote the previously unknown piece-called Serenade in C-when he was a young teenager. The composition was found in the holdings of Germany’s Leipzig Municipal Libraries-some 280 miles north of Salzburg, Austria, where Mozart was born in 1756. Although Mozart wrote this piece when he was only a teenager, it was not uncommon for him to write music in his childhood. Mozart began to perform around Austria from the age of five and shortly afterwards became famous as a composer. Mozart probably wrote the recently discovered composition between the mid and late 1760s, according to a statement from the Leipzig Municipal Libraries. Library researchers were compiling (编辑) an edition of the Kochel catalog, a collection of Mozart’s works, when they came across a mysterious bound manuscript (装订好的手稿) containing a handwritten composition in brown ink. The composition is thought to have been written by Mozart. The handwriting, however, is not Mozart’s, suggesting that the manuscript is a copy of the original composition. The researchers think it was made around 1780. The researchers say the music fits stylistically with other works from the 1760s, when Mozart was between the ages of 10 and13. The young composer was no longer creating pieces that sounded like this one by the time he was in his late teens. In his early years, Mozart wrote many chamber works like Serenade in C, which his father recorded on a list of his son’s compositions. Many of these works were thought to have been lost to history. Luckily, this particular piece was saved–thanks to the composer’ s sister. “It looks as if a complete string trio (二重奏曲) has survived in Leipzig,” Leisinger, a worker from the International Mozarteum Foundation, says. “The source was obviously Mozart’s sister, who perhaps preserved the work in memory of her brother.” 4. What does the second paragraph intend to show about Mozart? A. His talent at a young age. B. His connection to Salzburg. C. His preference for performing. D. His popularity all around the world. 5. On what basis do the researchers date Serenade in C? A. The title of the composition. B. The style of the composition. C. The number in the Kochel catalog. D. The color of the ink used in the copy. 6. Why is Mozart’s sister mentioned? A. She had a positive influence on Mozart. B. She was the first to perform Serenade in C. C. She helped Mozart compose Serenade in C. D. She was the one who preserved Serenade in C. 7. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Mozart’s Works Need Updating. B. Mozart’s Works Attract New Attention. C. A Lost Mozart Composition Was Discovered. D. Researchers Uncovered the Early Life of Mozart. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了在德国一家图书馆发现了一首由莫扎特创作的、之前不为人知的12分钟音乐作品——《C大调小夜曲》，并介绍了该作品的发现过程、创作时间推测以及相关背景信息。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The composition was found in the holdings of Germany’s Leipzig Municipal Libraries-some 280 miles north of Salzburg, Austria, where Mozart was born in 1756. Although Mozart wrote this piece when he was only a teenager, it was not uncommon for him to write music in his childhood. Mozart began to perform around Austria from the age of five and shortly afterwards became famous as a composer.(这段乐曲是在德国莱比锡市立图书馆的馆藏中被发现的。莱比锡位于奥地利萨尔茨堡以北约280英里处，莫扎特于1756年出生在萨尔茨堡。尽管莫扎特创作这首曲子时只是个青少年，但他在童年时期就开始创作音乐并非罕见之事。莫扎特从五岁起就在奥地利各地演出，不久后便以作曲家的身份声名远扬。)”可知，这首曲子是在德国莱比锡市立图书馆发现的，虽然莫扎特创作这首曲子时是青少年，但他童年就开始创作音乐并不罕见，他从五岁起就在奥地利各地演出，不久后以作曲家身份出名。由此可知，第二段意在展示莫扎特年轻时的天赋。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The researchers say the music fits stylistically with other works from the 1760s, when Mozart was between the ages of 10 and13.(研究人员表示，从风格上看，这段音乐与18世纪60年代的其他作品相符，当时莫扎特的年龄在10岁到13岁之间。)”可知，研究人员认为从风格上看，这首曲子与18世纪60年代莫扎特10到13岁时的其他作品相符，所以是根据曲子的风格来确定其创作时间的。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Luckily, this particular piece was saved–thanks to the composer’ s sister. “It looks as if a complete string trio (二重奏曲) has survived in Leipzig,” Leisinger, a worker from the International Mozarteum Foundation, says. “The source was obviously Mozart’s sister, who perhaps preserved the work in memory of her brother.”(幸运的是，多亏了作曲家的妹妹，这首特别的乐曲得以保存下来。国际莫扎特基金会的工作人员Leisinger说：“看起来，一首完整的弦乐三重奏在莱比锡留存了下来。其来源显然是莫扎特的妹妹，她或许是为了纪念哥哥才保存了这部作品。”)”可知，多亏了作曲家的妹妹，这首特别的乐曲得以保存下来。国际莫扎特基金会的工作人员Leisinger说，看起来一首完整的弦乐三重奏在莱比锡留存了下来，其来源显然是莫扎特的妹妹，她或许是为了纪念哥哥才保存了这部作品。由此可知，提到莫扎特的妹妹是因为她是保存《C 大调小夜曲》的人。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章开篇点明莫扎特的一段12分钟的音乐在德国一家图书馆被发现，接着围绕这首被发现的乐曲，介绍了发现的地点、推测的创作时间、发现的过程以及乐曲能留存下来的原因等，主要讲述的是一首曾失传的莫扎特的乐曲被发现的事情。选项C“A Lost Mozart Composition Was Discovered(一首失传的莫扎特的乐曲被发现了)”准确概括了文章的主要内容，符合文章围绕这首被发现的乐曲展开叙述的主旨。故选C。 C Throughout history, lions have represented courage and strength. Lions live in groups called prides, and the size of a pride depends on food availability, but a typical pride includes one to three males, a dozen females, and their cubs or young lions. Males are larger than females (lionesses). A lion’s body ranges in length from 4.5 to 6.5 feet, with a tail from 26 to 40 inches. Both males and females are powerful, muscular cats with rounded heads and ears. Only adult male lions display a brown, rust, or black mane (鼠毛) which extends down the neck and chest. Lions’ diet consists of more than 70% meat. Lions prefer to hunt big animals including zebra, buffalo, and giraffe. They usually avoid very large(elephant) and very small(monkey) prey (猎物), but they’ll take farm animals. Lions most often hunt at dawn or dusk, but can adapt to their prey to change their schedule. When hunting, lionesses run from more than one direction to catch fleeing animals. Usually, prey is consumed at the hunting site. Male lions tend to be four or five years old before winning a challenge and joining a pride. When a new male takes over a pride, he usually kills the youngest generation of cubs and drives away the adolescents. Most adult lions are killed by humans or other lions, although some die from injuries while hunting. Usually, about 80% of cubs die, but those that survive to adulthood may live to be 10 to 14 years of age. Some cubs are killed by hyenas and wild dogs. The lion is listed as “vulnerable (易危的)” on the IUCN Red List. The wild population decreased by approximately 43% from 1993 to 2014. Although lions can tolerate a wide range of habitats, they are threatened because people continue to kill them and because of the lack of prey. 8. What do we know about lions according to paragraph 1? A. They are social animals. B. They all have a nice mane. C. They are known for their powerful tails. D. They have the same head and ear size. 9. How do lions typically get food? A. By hunting on big farms. B. By hiding close to their prey. C. By using tools to trap their prey. D. By catching their prey cooperatively. 10. What can be learned about cubs in paragraph 3? A. They tend to live a very long life. B. Most of them are killed by other animals. C. They face many threats before adulthood. D. They are carefully protected by their parents. 11. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The shortage of available prey. B. Threatened habitats for lions. C. The tough situation of the wild lion. D. Endangered animals on the IUCN Red List. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了狮子这一物种的相关信息，包括它们在历史中的象征意义、狮群的构成、狮子的体型特征、饮食习惯、狩猎方式、狮子的生命周期以及它们所面临的生存威胁等。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Lions live in groups called prides, and the size of a pride depends on food availability, but a typical pride includes one to three males, a dozen females, and their cubs or young lions.(狮子群居生活，它们的群体被称为狮群。狮群的规模取决于食物的可获取量，不过一个典型的狮群通常包括一到三只雄狮、十几只雌狮，以及它们的幼崽或小狮子。)”可知，狮子群居生活，它们的群体被称为狮群，一个典型的狮群包含一到三只雄狮、十几只雌狮以及它们的幼崽或小狮子。也就是说，狮子是群居动物。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“When hunting, lionesses run from more than one direction to catch fleeing animals. Usually, prey is consumed at the hunting site.(捕猎时，母狮会从多个方向发起进攻，以围捕那些逃窜的动物。通常情况下，猎物会在捕猎地点被吃掉。)”可知，狮子在捕猎时，母狮会从多个方向奔跑来围捕逃窜的动物，这体现了狮子通过合作来捕捉猎物。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Most adult lions are killed by humans or other lions, although some die from injuries while hunting. Usually, about 80% of cubs die, but those that survive to adulthood may live to be 10 to 14 years of age. Some cubs are killed by hyenas and wild dogs.(大多数成年狮子会被人类或其他狮子杀死，不过也有一些狮子是在捕猎时因受伤而死亡。一般来说，大约80%的幼崽会夭折，但那些存活到成年的狮子可能会活到10到14岁。也有一些幼崽会被鬣狗和野狗杀死。)”可知，大部分幼崽会夭折，有些会被鬣狗和野狗杀死，新的雄狮接管狮群时也会杀死最年幼的幼崽，所以幼崽在成年之前面临着许多威胁。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“The lion is listed as “vulnerable (易危的)” on the IUCN Red List. The wild population decreased by approximately 43% from 1993 to 2014. Although lions can tolerate a wide range of habitats, they are threatened because people continue to kill them and because of the lack of prey(狮子在世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录中被列为“易危”物种。从1993年到2014年，野生狮子的数量大约减少了43%。尽管狮子能够适应多种多样的栖息地，但它们仍然受到威胁，这是因为人类持续捕杀它们，并且它们的猎物也越来越少。)”可知，狮子在世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录中被列为“易危”物种，从1993年到2014年野生狮子数量大约减少了43%，尽管狮子能适应多种栖息地，但它们因人类捕杀和猎物缺乏而受到威胁。整体在讲述野生狮子所面临的艰难处境。故选C。 D Research has found that loneliness and social isolation are associated with an increased risk of conditions like anxiety, depression, heart disease, and stroke. In fact, a 2010 analysis found that loneliness is as harmful to physical health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day — meaning using friendship to reduce loneliness is good for you. But how many friends should you have? According to Jeffrey Hall, a professor of communication studies at the University of Kansas, if you want to ease the health impacts of loneliness, the most important thing you can do is to have at least one important person in your life. But if you want to have the most meaningful life, one where you feel very bonded and connected to others, more friends are better. Some research endorses his remarks. One study from 2016 found that those with at least six friends have better health throughout their lives, and a study from 2020 found that middle-aged women who have at least three friends typically have higher levels of overall satisfaction with their lives. To figure out whether you need more friends in your life, psychologist Marisa Franco recommends asking yourself, “Do I feel lonely?” Loneliness is sort of an alarm system. While everyone feels lonely sometimes, you should determine whether you feel left out or isolated regularly. Franco also recommends asking yourself if there are parts of your identity that you feel are restricted. “Different people bring out different parts of us. So when you have a large friend group, you’re able to experience this side of yourself that loves basketball, and that side of yourself that loves flowers,” Franco said. “If you’re not feeling quite like yourself, that might indicate you need different types of friends.” Since making new friends can be difficult, Franco said it’s often easier to rekindle old relationships. She added that you should take the initiative and not assume that friendships will naturally happen. “Ultimately, there ‘isn’t a magic number’ of friends for everyone,” Hall said. “Your personality and the characteristics of your life are going to make a difference.” 12. What might Jeffrey Hall agree with? A. Having just one friend leads to more happiness. B. Everyone’s ideal number of friends doesn’t vary. C. A broad friend network enables strong connections. D. Friendship should be prioritized in social relations. 13. What does the underlined word “endorses” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Creates. B. Supports. C. Satisfies. D. Introduces. 14. Which one suggests a person needs more friends according to Franco? A. Continuous self-doubt. B. Few exciting experiences. C. Ineffective social activities. D. Constant feelings of isolation. 15. What does Franco say about having a large friend group? A. It requires befriending those with shared values. B. It ensures personal growth by wide social circles. C. It means a person won’t feel restricted any longer. D. It helps explore different aspects of one’s personality. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是研究表明，好朋友能提高生活满意度和健康水平，心理学家建议多交朋友以抵御排斥感或孤立感，并更好地展现自我。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“According to Jeffrey Hall, a professor of communication studies at the University of Kansas, if you want to ease the health impacts of loneliness, the most important thing you can do is to have at least one important person in your life. But if you want to have the most meaningful life, one where you feel very bonded and connected to others, more friends are better.(根据堪萨斯大学传播学教授Jeffrey Hall的说法，如果你想减轻孤独对健康的影响，你能做的最重要的事情就是在你的生活中至少有一个重要的人。但如果你想拥有最有意义的生活，一个你感觉与他人紧密相连的生活，那么朋友越多越好。)”可知，Jeffrey Hall可能会同意的是广泛的朋友网络可以建立牢固的联系。故选C。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“One study from 2016 found that those with at least six friends have better health throughout their lives, and a study from 2020 found that middle-aged women who have at least three friends typically have higher levels of overall satisfaction with their lives.(2016年的一项研究发现，拥有至少6个朋友的人一生都更健康，2020年的一项研究发现，拥有至少3个朋友的中年女性通常对生活的总体满意度更高。)”可知，这些研究发现与Jeffrey Hall的观点相一致，因此，endorses意为“支持”，和supports意思相近。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“To figure out whether you need more friends in your life, psychologist Marisa Franco recommends asking yourself, “Do I feel lonely?”(为了弄清楚你的生活中是否需要更多的朋友，心理学家Marisa Franco建议你问问自己：“我感到孤独吗？”)”可知，Franco表示，为了弄清楚你的生活中是否需要更多的朋友，你应该确定自己是否经常感到被冷落或孤立。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Different people bring out different parts of us. So when you have a large friend group, you’re able to experience this side of yourself that loves basketball, and that side of yourself that loves flowers(不同的人展现出我们不同的一面。所以当你有一大群朋友的时候，你就能体会到自己热爱篮球的这一面，以及自己热爱鲜花的那一面)”可推断出，拥有一个大的朋友群有助于探索一个人性格的不同方面。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sometimes it feels like the world runs on autopilot. Food comes from the supermarket, hospitals have life-saving devices, and a new smart phone can be sent to your home. None of this would exist, though, without abundant natural resources. ____16____ Others, like minerals, fossil fuels, and metals, are non-renewable. Could we face a world without these resources? Let’s see. Oxygen is the third most abundant element in the universe. Earth’s oxygen levels have been decreasing for about a million years due to carbon emissions. Some researchers say we’ll soon run out of it. ____17____ If the Earth lost oxygen for five seconds, airplanes would crash, and buildings would turn to dust. Water has been nourishing the Earth for 4.6 billion years. About 70% of the planet’s surface is made of this natural resource — that includes our oceans, seas, rivers and lakes. ____18____ However, over 95% is undrinkable. We face an increasing shortage of freshwater compared to the demand for it. If we ever do run out of water, experts predict catastrophes like war, starvation, and a global economic crash. ____19____ They, like coal, oil and natural gas, come from the remains of decaying (腐烂的) plants and animals. We rely on them for things like heat, energy and fuel. But our dependence on this non-renewable resource is decreasing our supply and contributing to climate change. Some scientists predict we could run out of them by 2060 if we don’t shift towards alternative energy. A UN official confirmed that we might run out of soil in about 60 years. Global warming, deforestation (滥伐森林) and chemical farming all contribute to the destruction of soil, and, essentially, we are using soil faster than we can replenish (补充) it. We need healthy topsoil to grow about 95% of our food. ____20____ A. Once they’re gone, they’re gone for good. B. Some, like the sun and wind, are renewable. C. Fossil fuels have existed for millions of years. D. It also exists in the atmosphere and beneath the ground. E. But most scientists agree we are nowhere near a relevant crisis. F. Nevertheless, all these depend on natural resources from the earth. G. Without fertile planting grounds for crops, entire civilizations can be wiped out. 【答案】16. B 17. E 18. D 19. C 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了地球上几种重要的自然资源（氧气、水、化石燃料、土壤），指出人类对资源的过度消耗可能引发资源枯竭危机，并阐述了资源耗尽带来的严重后果。 【16题详解】 根据下文“Others, like minerals, fossil fuels, and metals, are non-renewable.(其他的，比如矿物、化石燃料和金属，是不可再生的。)”可知，上下文构成 some…others…（一些…… 另一些……） 的固定对比结构，空处应该讲部分资源是可再生的。B项“Some, like the sun and wind, are renewable.(有些资源，比如太阳能和风能，是可再生的。)”符合语境。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Some researchers say we’ll soon run out of it.(一些研究者称我们很快会耗尽氧气。)”和下文“If the Earth lost oxygen for five seconds, airplanes would crash, and buildings would turn to dust.( 如果地球失去氧气长达5秒，飞机会坠毁，建筑物会化为尘土。)”可知，上文提出“氧气即将耗尽”的悲观观点，下文又描述缺氧5秒的极端后果。空处需要转折，说明多数科学家并不认同这种危机，与上文形成观点对比。E项“But most scientists agree we are nowhere near a relevant crisis.(但大多数科学家认为，我们远未面临这种相关危机。)”符合语境。 【18题详解】 上文“About 70% of the planet’s surface is made of this natural resource — that includes our oceans, seas, rivers and lakes.(地球表面约70%都由这种自然资源构成——包括海洋、江河与湖泊。)”列举水存在于地表的江河湖海，空处补充水还存在于大气和地下，是对水资源存在范围的进一步拓展，语义顺承。D项“It also exists in the atmosphere and beneath the ground.(它也存在于大气和地下。)”符合语境。 【19题详解】 下文“They, like coal, oil and natural gas, come from the remains of decaying plants and animals.(它们，比如煤、石油和天然气，来自腐烂动植物的残骸。)”中的they指代空处的主语，且下文明确列举化石燃料种类，因此空处需要先引出化石燃料这一核心话题。C项“Fossil fuels have existed for millions of years.(化石燃料已经存在了数百万年。)”符合语境。 【20题详解】 上文“We need healthy topsoil to grow about 95% of our food.(我们需要健康的表土来种植约 95%的粮食。)”强调土壤对粮食种植至关重要，空处承接说明失去肥沃土地的严重后果，与上文形成因果逻辑。G项“Without fertile planting grounds for crops, entire civilizations can be wiped out.(没有肥沃的农作物种植土地，整个文明都可能被摧毁。)符合语境。 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Years ago, Virginia Squier chaperoned (护送) a group of middle school students on a tour of Madrid. She ____21____ her 8-year-old daughter, Chambers. One afternoon near the visit’s end, Squier, her daughter and the school group were on a Madrid underground platform, ready for their next ____22____. It was 5 p.m. and the ____23____ was crowded. Squier took hold of Chambers’ hand and began counting her students. Just then, a train ____24____ to the platform. “Suddenly, my daughter let go of my ____25____, jumped on the train, and the doors snapped shut,” Squier said. “As the train gathered speed, I ran alongside trying to ____26____ the door open by digging my fingers into the black rubber gasket (橡胶垫片). I could see my daughter’s ____27____ face through the glass.” The ____28____ thing she saw as the train pulled out of the station was Chambers crying and pounding her small fists against the glass. Behind Chambers, a young man dressed in a black leather jacket with a spiked dog collar ____29____ his seat and started moving toward Chambers. Terrified, Squier found the staff but ____30____ to communicate due to a language barrier. Squier said, “I focused on my plea when a student said, ‘She’s back.’ I turned, and there she was...my little girl.” The man on the train had ____31____ what had happened and stepped in. He comforted Chambers, guided her off at the next ____32____, and they boarded a train back to her mother. “My preformed notion that he was frightening was ____33____,” Squier said. “I broke down, sobbing, and hugging my child. When I looked up to thank him, he was gone.” Squier said the man didn’t just save her daughter. He changed her ____34____ on people, teaching her to be more ____35____ and not to judge a person by their looks. 21. A. showed around B. looked after C. missed out D. brought along 22. A. competition B. performance C. destination D. adventure 23. A. city B. train C. station D. street 24. A. pulled up B. pulled down C. pulled out D. pulled back 25. A. arm B. lead C. sight D. hand 26. A. keep B. push C. force D. kick 27. A. excited B. annoyed C. confused D. frightened 28. A. last B. best C. first D. only 29. A. left B. spared C. lost D. found 30. A. refused B. failed C. feared D. struggled 31. A. foreseen B. witnessed C. suspected D. overlooked 32. A. stop B. crossing C. entrance D. location 33. A. destroyed B. tested C. weakened D. questioned 34. A. focus B. comment C. influence D. perspective 35. A. patient B. thoughtful C. accepting D. adaptable 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述一位母亲带女儿出游时，女儿意外独自坐上地铁，一位外表冷峻的陌生男子暖心帮忙送回女孩，让作者摒弃以貌取人的偏见，学会包容待人。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：她带上了自己八岁的女儿钱伯斯。A. showed around带领参观；B. looked after照顾；C. missed out错失；D. brought along随身携带。结合前文“Years ago, Virginia Squier chaperoned a group of middle school students on a tour of Madrid.(多年前，弗吉尼亚·斯奎尔陪同一群中学生参观了马德里)”提到她带队护送学生出游，可知她一同带上女儿随行。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：行程即将结束的一个下午，斯奎尔一行人在马德里地铁站台，准备前往下一个目的地。A. competition比赛；B. performance表演；C. destination目的地；D. adventure冒险。根据上文“on a Madrid underground platform”可知，乘坐地铁是去往行程的下一处地点。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：当时是下午五点，车站十分拥挤。A. city城市；B. train火车；C. station车站；D. street街道。结合前文“underground platform”提到了地铁站台，可知场景为车站。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：就在这时，一列火车缓缓停靠站台。A. pulled up停靠；B. pulled down摧毁；C. pulled out驶出；D. pulled back撤回。结合后文“jumped on the train, and the doors snapped shut”提到女儿冲上列车、车门关闭，可知火车到站停靠。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：突然，女儿松开我的手，冲上列车，车门猛地关上。A. arm手臂；B. lead线索；C. sight视线；D. hand手。结合前文“Squier took hold of Chambers’hand”可知，此处指松开手。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：火车加速时，我沿着车奔跑，试图抠开橡胶垫片强行拉开车门。A. keep保持；B. push推；C. force强行迫使；D. kick踢。根据后文“the door open by digging my fingers into the black rubber gasket”以及结合母亲焦急救女的紧急情境，是强行掰开车门。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我能透过玻璃看到女儿惊恐的脸庞。A. excited兴奋的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. confused困惑的；D. frightened害怕的。结合上文“jumped on the train, and the doors snapped shut”可知，小女孩独自被关在列车上，内心必然恐惧害怕。 【28题详解】 考查形容词。句意：火车驶离车站时，她最后看到的画面是女儿哭喊着、用小拳头敲打玻璃。A. last最后的；B. best最好的；C. first最初的；D. only唯一的。根据后文“thing she saw as the train pulled out of the station was Chambers crying”可知，列车逐渐远去，这是母亲目送的最后一幕。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：钱伯斯身后，一名穿着黑色皮夹克、戴着尖刺项圈的年轻男子起身离开座位，走向女孩。A. left离开；B. spared抽出；C. lost丢失；D. found发现。结合后文“started moving toward Chambers”可知，男子主动上前帮助女孩，可知他起身离开座位。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：斯奎尔惊恐地找到工作人员，却因语言障碍无法沟通。A. refused拒绝；B. failed未能；C. feared害怕；D. struggled艰难努力。根据后文“to communicate due to a language barrier”可知，因为语言不通的背景，她难以完成交流。fail to do sth表示“没能做成某事”。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：列车上的这名男子目睹了整件事的经过并主动伸出援手。A. foreseen预见；B. witnessed目睹；C. suspected怀疑；D. overlooked忽视。结合后文“what had happened and stepped in”可知，男子亲眼看到女孩与家人失散的全过程。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：他安抚女孩，在下一站带她下车，换乘返程列车回到母亲身边。A. stop车站；B. crossing十字路口；C. entrance入口；D. location位置。根据后文“and they boarded a train back to her mother”以及结合列车行驶规则，会在沿途站点停靠。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：斯奎尔说：“我原本觉得他外表吓人的固有印象被彻底打破。”A. destroyed推翻、打破；B. tested测试；C. weakened削弱；D. questioned质疑。结合上文“He comforted Chambers, guided her off at the next ____, and they boarded a train back to her mother.”可知，男子善良暖心的行为，推翻了作者以貌取人的偏见。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：他改变了她看待他人的观念，教会她要学会包容，不要以貌取人。A. focus焦点；B. comment评论；C. influence影响；D. perspective看法。结合后文“not to judge a person by their looks”提到不再以貌取人，可知是观念与视角发生改变。 【35题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他改变了她看待他人的观念，教会她要学会包容，不要以貌取人。A. patient耐心的；B. thoughtful体贴的；C. accepting包容的；D. adaptable适应力强的。根据后文“and not to judge a person by their looks”可知，她摒弃外貌偏见、客观看待他人，可知要学会包容接纳。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Festivals have diverse origins. They are from various ____36____ (source), including different seasons, religions, historical figures, and significant events. Although each festival has its own customs, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals. One of the most common festivals is the harvest festival, ____37____ (celebrate) in almost every culture to give thanks to the year’s supply of food. In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival ____38____ (mark) by a parade and a feast with music, dancing, and sports. Today, people in some European countries decorate churches and town halls and gather for a meal to celebrate the festival, while in China people celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival with family gatherings and mooncakes. Festival customs can change over time. For example, ____39____ (reduce) air pollution, lighting firecrackers during the Spring Festival has been cancelled in many big cities. ____40____ (similar), Halloween, which was a religious festival in the past, has become a fun festival for children. Businesses have started to make use ____41____ festivals. Online shopping and social media are ____42____ (drive) more spending. Some people say festivals shouldn’t be made commercial, others see it as ____43____ (benefit) for the economy and public enjoyment. Festivals play ____44____ important role in society, reflecting our wishes, beliefs, faiths and attitudes. They offer us a break from our busy life, help us know who we are and ____45____ we came from, and make us understand different cultures. 【答案】36. sources 37. celebrated 38. was marked 39. to reduce 40. Similarly 41. of 42. driving 43. beneficial 44. an 45. where 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲的是节日的起源、庆祝方式、习俗的演变、商业利用以及节日在社会中的重要作用。 【36题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意：它们来自多种不同的源头，包括不同的季节、宗教、历史人物以及重大事件。source是可数名词，由various可知，空格处用复数。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：最常见的节日之一便是丰收节，几乎在所有文化中都会举行这一节日庆典，以感谢一年来的粮食收成。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，harvest festival和celebrate之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作后置定语。 【38题详解】 考查时态、被动语态和主谓一致。句意：在古埃及，丰收节的庆祝活动包括游行和盛大的宴会，还有音乐、舞蹈和体育活动。空格处是谓语，由In ancient Egypt可知，时态是一般过去时，由by可知，要用被动语态，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语the harvest festival是单数，因此空格处是was marked。 【39题详解】 考查不定式。句意：例如，为了减少空气污染，许多大城市已经取消了春节期间燃放鞭炮的习俗。此处表示“为了减少空气污染”，因此空格处用不定式表目的。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：同样，过去是宗教节日的万圣节，如今已成为孩子们喜爱的欢乐节日。空格处用副词similarly作状语，修饰整句话，意为“同样”，位于句首，首字母大写。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：企业已经开始利用节日来促进销售。make use of是固定短语，意为“利用”，因此空格处是介词of。 【42题详解】 考查时态。句意：网络购物和社交媒体正在推动更多的消费。Online shopping and social media和drive之间是主谓关系，由are可知，时态是现在进行时，因此空格处是现在分词driving。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：有人认为节日不应被商业化，而另一些人则认为这对经济和公众娱乐都有益处。此处用形容词beneficial作see...as后的宾语补足语，beneficial意为“有益的”。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：节日在社会中起着重要的作用，它们反映了我们的愿望、信仰、信念和态度。play an important role in是固定短语，意为“在……中起着重要的作用”，因此空格处是an。 【45题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：它们让我们从忙碌的生活中暂时解脱出来，帮助我们了解自己是谁以及我们来自何方，并使我们能够理解不同的文化。“we came from”是宾语从句，此处表示“我们从哪里来”，因此用where引导宾语从句。 第三节 单词拼写（共10小题，每题1分，满分10分） 46. Claude Monet was impressed by the v________ (视觉的) effects of the steam engine. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】visual##isual 【解析】 【详解】句意：Claude Monet对蒸汽机所产生的视觉效果印象深刻。由首字母提示v可知，“视觉的”是形容词visual，作定语，修饰名词effects。 47. In the art market, no one can g________ (保证) that an artist will be a good i________ (投资). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】 ①. guarantee##uarantee ②. investment##nvestment 【解析】 【详解】句意：在艺术品市场中，没有人能够保证某位艺术家的作品会成为一笔不错的投资。can是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，由首字母提示g可知，“保证”的动词是guarantee；good是形容词，修饰名词，由首字母提示i可知，“投资”的名词是investment，空前有a，第二空用单数。 48. The painting Clearing After Snow on a Mountain Pass, made with extraordinary skill, has remained p________ (永久的) in the museum’s collection. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】permanent##ermanent 【解析】 【详解】句意：这幅技艺精湛的画作《关山春雪图》，永久地收藏在博物馆中。根据汉语提示“永久的”和首字母可知，此处为形容词permanent，作表语。 49. His c ________ (批评) of the painting was based on its lack of originality. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】criticism##riticism 【解析】 【详解】句意：他对这幅画的批评是基于其缺乏原创性。根据汉语提示“批评”和首字母可知，此处为名词criticism，作主语。 50. These pictures are r________ (典型的) of ink wash animation films. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】representative##epresentative 【解析】 【详解】句意：这些图片代表了水墨动画影片的风格。空格处用形容词作表语，由首字母提示r可知，“典型的”的形容词是representative。 51. To prevent harmful habits like these from d________ (控制) a teenager’s life is essential. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】dominating##ominating 【解析】 【详解】句意：防止这类有害习惯掌控青少年的生活至关重要。根据汉语提示“控制”和首字母可知，此处为动词dominate，介词from后面需用动名词形式dominating，作宾语。 52. We are what we r________ (重复地) do. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】repeatedly##epeatedly 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们就是我们反复所做的事情。根据汉语提示“重复地”和首字母可知，此处为副词repeatedly，作状语，修饰动词。 53. It was not polite to d________ (打扰) your neighbors with loud music last night. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】disturb##isturb 【解析】 【详解】句意：昨晚用大声的音乐打扰邻居是不礼貌的行为。It was not polite to do sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事是不礼貌的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，空格处用动词原形，由首字母提示d可知，“打扰”的动词是disturb。 54. We could try to replace a n______ (消极的) routine with something more positive. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】negative##egative 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们可以试着用更积极的事情来代替消极的例行公事。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示“消极的”可知，空格处应用单词“negative”，意为“消极的”，形容词词性，作定语。故填negative。 55. To reach the goal of change, a person must show some d________ (自制力) and repeatedly take many small steps. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】discipline##iscipline 【解析】 【详解】句意：要实现变革的目标，一个人就必须展现出一定的自制力，并且要不断地采取许多小步骤。由首字母提示d可知，“自制力”是discipline，是不可数名词。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 书面表达（满分15分） 56. 假定你是李华。你的英国好友John来信说自己一到晚上就精神亢奋，总是熬夜到很晚，导致上课时难以集中精力。请你根据以下要点提示给他写一封回信，帮助他改掉熬夜的坏习惯。 1. 表明写信目的；2. 提出具体建议；3. 表达祝愿。 注意：1. 词数 80 左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear John, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear John, I’m sorry to know you have stayed up late recently and can hardly focus on your lessons. I’m writing to give you some useful advice to get out of the bad habit. First, stop using electronic devices an hour before sleeping, because their blue light keeps you excited. Second, you can try taking a warm bath or reading a light book to relax yourself. Besides, do more sports in the daytime, which will help you fall asleep early at night. I hope my suggestions will work. Wish you get better soon! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】题目要求考生给John写一封回信，提出建议帮他改掉熬夜的习惯并表达祝愿。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 熬夜：stay up→be up late into the night 集中注意力于：focus on→concentrate on 摆脱：get out of→get away from/get rid of 使放松：relax→ease 2. 句式拓展 简单句改为复合句 原句：I’m writing to give you some useful advice to get out of the bad habit. 拓展句：I’m writing to give you some useful advice so that you can get out of the bad habit. 【点睛】【高分句型1】First, stop using electronic devices an hour before sleeping, because their blue light keeps you excited.(使用动名词作宾语、because引导原因状语从句) 【高分句型2】Besides, do more sports in the daytime, which will help you fall asleep early at night. (使用which引导非限制性定语从句) 第二节（满分 25 分） 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As teachers, we try hard year after year to help our students feel successful. But sometimes there comes one student that presents a challenge. A few years ago, I had that challenge. His name was David. Before school even started, his name had come before him. He had moved from another school into mine. On the first day of school, all the excited students walked into the room longing to start: everyone but David. He had had a hard summer. His father was in jail (监狱). This angered him because his family was not together. His mother had to work nights, so she wasn’t there in the evening and was sleeping when he woke up. During the evenings, he lived with his sixteen-year old sister. I knew he got less support at home. But David was a bright student. All showed that. So I began my challenge to help David achieve success. I liked him immediately and saw so much energy hidden behind an angry wall he had built up around himself. But David slowly quit doing his homework and began to get into more trouble. It was clear that he was looking for any kind of attention. I knew if David was going to pass the fifth grade, I needed to come up with a plan. One day, David and I sat in the library and just talked. I told him that I knew that he was not an “F” student and that I didn’t want him to be suspended (停学). It was my job to teach him, but his job to try. We talked about his family and what he did after school. He wanted to do well. From then on, David and I often sat in the library and just talked. He knew what I expected from him and that I liked him. As a result, he had a better performance in my class. But sometimes, he would talk back to other adults. I asked him why he had never talked back to me. He said I would not jump to conclusions without hearing his side of a story. 注意：1．续写词数应为 150 左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 One day as we were having lunch together, he told me that his goal was to pass the fifth grade. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After reading the note, I sat down with tears rolling down my face. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 One day as we were having lunch together, he told me that his goal was to pass the fifth grade. His eyes sparkled with determination, and I could see that he was serious about it. I nodded and told him that I believed he could do it, and that I would be there to support him every step of the way. From that day on, David seemed to have a newfound motivation. He started completing his homework on time and even volunteered to help other students with their work. One day, I received a note from him. After reading the note, I sat down with tears rolling down my face. It was a simple note, but it meant the world to me. David had written how much he appreciated my help and support, and how he was determined to make me proud. He had even included a small drawing of us sitting together in the library, with a big smile on both our faces. It was a reminder that sometimes, all a student needs is someone to believe in them and show them that they matter. I knew that I had made a difference in David’s life, and that was the greatest reward of all. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者作为一位教师如何帮助一个面临家庭困境且行为出现问题的学生David重新找回学习动力、取得进步并感受到成功的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“有一天，当我们一起吃午饭时，他告诉我他的目标是顺利通过五年级的考试。”可知，第一段可以写David为达成目标所付出的努力和展现出的积极变化。 ②由第二段首句内容“读完这封便条后，我泪流满面地坐了下来。”可知，第二段可以写作者被纸条内容触动的情感、对David成长的感慨、对教育意义的思考。 2.续写线索：作者表示支持David——David充满动力——David的积极变化——描述便条的内容——便条的意义——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①闪烁：sparkle/glisten ②告诉：tell/inform ③写：write/depict 情绪类 ①决心：determination/resolution ②认真：serious/earnest 【点睛】[高分句型1] I nodded and told him that I believed he could do it, and that I would be there to support him every step of the way. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] It was a reminder that sometimes, all a student needs is someone to believe in them and show them that they matter. (运用了第一个that引导同位语从句、that引导限制性定语从句，省略了that和第二个that引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $