专题26 时态辨析（知识清单）-2026年小升初英语复习讲练测（北京专用）

小升初英语专题总复习（北京专用） 专题26 时态辨析 考点 时态辨析 ➱时态总览 时态 核心用法 常见标志词 谓语结构 一般现在时 经常性、习惯性动作；客观事实；当前状态 usually、often、every day、always、sometimes do/does； be动词(am/is/are) 现在进行时 此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作 now、look、listen、at the moment、these days am/is/are + doing 一般将来时 将来发生的动作或计划安排 tomorrow、next week、in the future、soon will/shall + do； be going to + do 一般过去时 过去发生的动作或状态（已完成，与现在无关） yesterday、last night、...ago、in 1997、just now did； be动词(was/were) 现在完成时 过去动作对现在的影响；持续到现在的动作 since、for、already、yet、ever、never、recently have/has + done 过去进行时 过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 at 8:00 yesterday、when/while+过去时 was/were + doing ➱各时态详解与对比 1. 一般现在时与现在进行时的辨析 ①一般现在时：表示现在经常性、习惯性、重复性的动作；也可描述人/事物的固定特征、长期状态、客观真理与客观事实，突出长期性、稳定性、常态化。 ②现在进行时：表示此时此刻、现阶段正在进行的动作，动作具有临时性、阶段性，突出正在发生、短暂持续、非长期。 核心区别：一般现在时强调长期性、稳定性；现在进行时强调暂时性、此时此刻正在发生。 Lucy reads books every day.露西每天看书。（看书是经常性的动作，用一般现在时） He usually gets up at half past six in the morning.他通常早晨六点半起床。（含频率副词usually，表日常习惯，用一般现在时） She is an English woman.她是一名英国女性。（描述现在的状态，属于客观事实，用一般现在时） Look! The boys are playing basketball.看！男孩子们正在打篮球。（提示词Look!表此时此刻正在发生的动作，用现在进行时） We are working on the farm these days.这些天我们一直在农场工作。（these days表现阶段临时的动作，非长期工作，用现在进行时） 2. 现在进行时与一般将来时的辨析 ①现在进行时：表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作，动作具有临时性、阶段性，突出正在发生、短暂持续、非长期。但需注意：当现在进行时与表示将来的时间状语（如tomorrow、next week、this evening等）连用时，可表示按计划、安排即将发生的将来动作，尤其常用于位移动词（go、come、leave、arrive、start等）。 ②一般将来时：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，可表示预测、意愿、计划、承诺等。常与tomorrow、next week、in the future、soon等时间状语连用。结构为“will+动词原形”或“be going to+动词原形”。 核心区别：现在进行时强调此时此刻正在发生，或按计划即将发生（限于位移动词或有明确安排的动作用法）；一般将来时强调将来要发生，可以是预测、意愿、计划等，适用范围更广。 Look! It is raining outside. 看！外面正在下雨。（提示词Look!表示此时此刻正在发生的动作，用现在进行时） I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.我明天要动身去北京。（leave是位移动词，与将来时间tomorrow连用，表示按计划将要发生的动作，用现在进行时表将来） It will rain tomorrow.明天会下雨。（tomorrow表示将来时间，表示对天气的预测，用一般将来时） We are going to visit the museum next Sunday.我们下周日打算去参观博物馆。（next Sunday表示将来时间，表示计划安排，用be going to结构，属一般将来时） 3. 一般过去时与现在完成时的辨析（两者都表示过去发生的事情） ①一般过去时：只单纯陈述过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，动作仅停留在过去，和现在无任何联系，只客观陈述过往事实。句子中常含有表示过去的时间状语，如yesterday、last night、three days ago、in 1997等。 ②现在完成时：表示动作发生在过去，但重点强调过去的动作持续到现在，或对当下造成影响、产生结果，连接过去与现在。 核心区别：一般过去时只强调过去的事实，不与现在发生联系；现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响，不能与具体的过去时间状语连用。 He lived here in 2010. 2010年他曾住在这里。（仅陈述2010年的过往事实，不关心现在是否居住，用一般过去时） He has lived here since 2010. 自2010年以来，他一直居住在这里。（动作从2010年持续至今，暗含“现在仍住在此处”，强调对现在的持续影响，用现在完成时） 注意：在北京考区，要特别关注一般过去时和现在完成时的区别，这是难点，也是高频考点。 ①He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.他买了一本英汉词典。 “买词典”这个动作都发生在过去 ②He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary.他已经买了一本英汉词典。 句①用一般过去时只叙述“过去他买过一本英汉词典”这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本词典并未说明 句②用现在完成时，想表达“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary and he still has it.”，即过去他买了一本英汉词典，现在他仍拥有这本词典 一般过去时可以与具体的时间，如yesterday、last night、last week等连用 现在完成时不与具体的时间连用，后常接“for+时间段”和“since+时间点” 4. 一般过去时与过去进行时的辨析（两者都表示过去发生的动作） ①一般过去时：表示在过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态，强调动作的结束，侧重事实。 ②过去进行时：表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作，强调动作的持续性和未完成性。 核心区别：一般过去时强调动作的完成和事实；过去进行时强调动作在过去某一时刻的持续性和未完成性。 Sam wrote a letter to his friend last night.萨姆昨晚给他的朋友写了封信。（信件已写完，侧重最终事实，用一般过去时） Sam was writing a letter to his friend last night.萨姆昨晚一直在给他的朋友写信。（不明确是否写完，侧重动作延续性，用过去进行时） 注意：在北京考区，小升初常考时态组合辨析，尤其是一般过去时与现在完成时的区分，以及一般过去时与过去进行时的区分，需重点掌握。做时态辨析题型时，优先结合三大关键点综合判断，避免单一判断出错。①时间标志词：抓取各类时态专属时间状语、频率副词、提示词（look、listen、since、ago 等）； ②上下文语境：读懂句子逻辑，区分常态/临时、已完成/进行中、过去独立事件/过去影响现在；③动词呼应：关注段落前后并列动词、句子时态一致性，保持全篇时态统一。 考点再现 单项选择。 ( )1. —What do you often do at weekends? —I my parents with the housework. A. help B. helped C. will help ( )2. My friend Jenny me with my maths next weekend. A. helps B. helped C. will help ( )3. —Tom, where is your little sister? —She in the backyard now. A. is playing B. will play C. plays ( )4. Mrs White is a teacher. She history for nearly 15 years. A. teaches B. has taught C. is teaching ( )5. When Helen Keller was 7, she to learn to read by using her fingers. A. starts B. started C. has started ( )6. —What was your little sister doing when I called you yesterday? —She for losing a game. A. cries B. is crying C. was crying 过关训练 一、用所给动词的适当时态填空。 1. With a book in his hand, Mr Liu (hurry) to enter the room just now. 2. Nicolas (make) a lot of friends since 2000. 3. He (run) in the park at this time yesterday. 4. Look! They (have) an English lesson. 5. There (be) more trees in the future. 6. Who (wash) the plates on the table yesterday? 7. The moon (travel) around the earth. 8. Tom (like) English because it is useful. 9. My brother (join) the army last year. He (be) a soldier for one year. 10. Nobody will come to the party if it (snow) tomorrow. 11. He (arrive) in Shanghai when he finishes his work tomorrow. 二、根据中文提示补全句子。 1. 我经常在那个公园里听音乐。 I often music in that park. 2. 当我是个孩子的时候，我常在公园里踢足球。 When I was a child, I often in the park. 3. 如果明天不下雨，我们将去野餐。 If it tomorrow, we will go for a picnic. 4. 正当他们扫地的时候，老师进来了。 While they the floor, the teacher came in. 5. 你在家里已经待了多长时间了? How long you at home yet? 6. 我在上海已经20年了。 I in Shanghai for 20 years. 一、单项选择。 ( )1. —What does your mother usually do on Sunday morning? —She ______ breakfast for us.   A. cooks   B. cooked   C. will cook ( )2. Listen! Someone ______ at the door. Please go and open it.   A. knocks   B. is knocking   C. knocked ( )3. —______ you ever ______ to the Summer Palace? —Yes, I went there last year.   A. Did; go   B. Have; gone   C. Have; been ( )4. My father ______ smoking two years ago. He is much healthier now.    A. gives up   B. gave up   C. has given up ( )5. —I called you at 8:00 last night, but no one answered.    —Sorry. I ______ a shower at that time.    A. took   B. was taking   C. have taken ( )6. There ______ a football match between Class 1 and Class 2 tomorrow afternoon.    A. is going to have   B. will have   C. is going to be ( )7. He ______ late for school again this morning. His teacher was very angry.   A. is   B. was   C. has been ( )8. —Where is Mr Li? I haven’t seen him all day. —He ______ to the library. He will be back in an hour.    A. has gone   B. has been   C. went ( )9. My grandfather ______ taking a walk after dinner every day.   A. enjoys   B. enjoyed   C. will enjoy ( )10. —______ you at home yesterday afternoon? —No, I ______. I was in the library.    A. Were; wasn’t   B. Did; didn’t   C. Was; wasn’t ( )11. Please be quiet. The baby ______. Don’t wake him up.    A. sleeps   B. is sleeping   C. slept ( )12. She ______ the piano since she was five years old.    A. plays   B. played   C. has played ( )13. —When ______ you ______ your homework yesterday? —At about 8:00 in the evening.    A. do; finish   B. did; finish   C. have; finished ( )14. We ______ to the Great Wall next summer vacation. We have already bought the tickets.    A. are going   B. go   C. went ( )15. While I ______ TV, my brother was doing his homework.    A. watch   B. was watching   C. watched 二、用括号中所给动词的适当时态填空。 1. He usually ______ (walk) to school, but this morning he ______ (take) a bus. 2. I ______ (finish) reading this book already. I ______ (borrow) it from the library last week. 3. Look! The students ______ (play) football on the playground. 4. She ______ (not eat) anything since yesterday morning. She feels very hungry now. 5. When I ______ (come) into the room, they ______ (talk) about the school trip. 6. —______ you ______ (see) the new movie yet? —Not yet. I ______ (watch) it next Friday. 7. My sister ______ (learn) English for five years. She ______ (speak) it very well now. 8. The train ______ (leave) at 7:00 tomorrow morning. We must get up early. 9. He ______ (live) in this city since he ______ (move) here in 2015. 10. While my mother ______ (cook) dinner, my father ______ (read) the newspaper. 三、根据中文提示补全句子。 1. 他每天早上六点起床。 He ______ at six o’clock every morning. 2. 昨天这个时候我正在做作业。 I ______ my homework at this time yesterday. 3. 他们已经完成了这项工作。 They ______ the work already. 4. 如果明天下雨，我们就不去公园了。If it ______ tomorrow, we won’t go to the park. 5. 他离开北京已经三年了。   He ______ away from Beijing for three years. 6. 看！孩子们正在花园里玩耍。  Look! The children ______ in the garden. 四、句型转换：按要求完成下列各题。 1. She does her homework every evening.（改为否定句） She ______ ______ her homework every evening. 2. They are watching TV now.（改为一般疑问句）  ______ they ______ TV now? 3. He went to Shanghai last week.（对画线部分提问）  ______ ______ he ______ last week? 4. I have already seen the film.（改为否定句） I ______ ______ the film ______. 5. She was reading a book when I called her.（改为一般疑问句）  ______ she ______ a book when you called her? 五、从方框中选择合适的句子补全对话。 A: Hi, Mike! 1. ______ B: Yes, I have. I went there last month. A: Really? 2. ______ B: I saw many robots and a real spaceship. It was amazing! A: Sounds great! 3. ______ A. What were you doing at that time? B. Have you ever been to the science museum? C. I will go there with my parents next Saturday. D. What did you see there? E. How often do you go there? B: I was taking photos of a model rocket. A: 4. ______ B: About once a month. I love science. A: I want to go there, too. B: 5. ______ Would you like to join us? A: Sure! I’d love to. 六、用所给动词的适当时态填空，补全短文。 Last Sunday, I 1. ______ (get) up late. When I 2. ______ (look) out of the window, I 3. ______ (see) that it 4. ______ (rain) heavily. I 5. ______ (not want) to stay at home all day, so I 6. ______ (decide) to go to the library. I 7. ______ (take) an umbrella and 8. ______ (walk) to the bus stop. While I 9. ______ (wait) for the bus, I 10. ______ (meet) my old friend Tom. We went to the library together and had a great time. 七、完形填空。 Dear Diary, Today 1 a special day for me. I 2 up very early in the morning because my family and I 3 to the old town. We 4 the train at eight o’clock in the morning. When we 5 , we first 6 an old temple. It 7 built about 500 years ago. Then we 8 to a small museum. I 9 many ancient coins and paintings. We 10 home at 7:00 pm. I was tired but very happy. ( )1. A. is   B. was   C. will be ( )2. A. wake   B. woke    C. will wake ( )3. A. go   B. went    C. will go ( )4. A. take    B. took   C. are taking ( )5. A. arrive  B. arrived   C. will arrive ( )6. A. visit   B. visited    C. will visit ( )7. A. is   B. was    C. will be ( )8. A. go    B. went   C. will go ( )9. A. see   B. saw   C. will see ( )10. A. get    B. got   C. will get 八、阅读理解。 My Summer Holiday Last summer, I went to Qingdao with my parents. We stayed there for five days. On the first day, we went to the beach. I built a sandcastle and my father took a picture of it. On the second day, we visited the Underwater World. I saw many kinds of fish, sharks, and even a sea turtle. On the third day, we climbed a mountain. The view from the top was amazing. On the fourth day, it rained heavily, so we stayed in the hotel and played card games. On the fifth day, we went back home by train. I really enjoyed the trip. 根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）误（F）。 ( )1. The writer went to Qingdao with his friends. ( )2. The writer built a sandcastle on the first day. ( )3. They stayed in the hotel on the fourth day because they were tired. ( )4. They went back home by train. 答案与解析 考点：时态辨析 考点再现：1. A 【解析】问句中的often表示经常性动作，设空用一般现在时，主语I后用动词原形help。 2. C 【解析】next weekend表示将来的时间，设空用一般将来时will help。 3. A 【解析】now表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，设空用现在进行时is playing。 4. B 【解析】for nearly 15 years表示持续一段时间，设空用现在完成时has taught。 5. B 【解析】When Helen Keller was 7表示过去的时间点，设空用一般过去时started。 6. C 【解析】问句中的when I called you yesterday表示过去某一时刻，答语描述当时正在进行的动作，设空用过去进行时was crying。 过关训练：一、1. hurried 【解析】just now表示过去时间，设空用一般过去时。 2. has made 【解析】since 2000表示从过去持续到现在，设空用现在完成时。 3. was running 【解析】at this time yesterday表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，设空用过去进行时。 4. are having 【解析】Look!表示此时此刻正在发生的动作，用现在进行时。 5. will be 【解析】in the future表示将来时间，用一般将来时。 6. washed 【解析】yesterday表示过去时间，用一般过去时。 7. travels 【解析】该句在陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。 8. likes 【解析】描述当前喜好，用一般现在时，主语Tom为三单。 9. joined; has been 【解析】last year用一般过去时joined；for one year用现在完成时has been。 10. snows 【解析】if引导的条件状语从句，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。 11. will arrive 【解析】tomorrow表示将来时间，用一般将来时。 二、1. listen to 【解析】often表示经常性动作，用一般现在时。 2. played football 【解析】When I was a child表示过去时间，时态用一般过去时。 3. doesn’t rain 【解析】if引导的条件状语从句，主句将来时，从句一般现在时，否定用doesn’t rain。 4. were sweeping 【解析】while引导的过去进行时，表示过去某一动作发生时另一动作正在进行。 5. have; stayed 【解析】yet常用于现在完成时疑问句，表示“已经”。 6. have been 【解析】for 20 years表示持续一段时间，时态用现在完成时。 一、1. A 【解析】问句中的usually表示“通常”，询问的是日常习惯性动作，因此答语应用一般现在时。主语She是第三人称单数，动词用cooks。故选A。 2. B 【解析】提示词“Listen!”表示此时此刻正在发生的动作，因此时态用现在进行时。is knocking表示“正在敲门”。故选B。 3. C 【解析】ever是现在完成时的标志词，表示“曾经”。have been to表示“去过某地（已返回）”；have gone to表示“去了某地（未返回）”。答语中的“I went there last year”说明说话人去过并已返回。故选C。 4. B 【解析】two years ago是具体的过去时间状语，表示动作发生在过去，因此时态用一般过去时。gave up表示“戒掉了”。故选B。 5. B 【解析】at that time表示过去某一具体时刻，描述那时正在进行的动作，因此时态用过去进行时。was taking a shower表示“当时正在洗澡”。故选B。 6. C 【解析】tomorrow afternoon表示将来时间，there be句型的一般将来时结构为“there is/are going to be”或“there will be”。主语a football match是单数，因此设空处要用is going to be。故选C。 7. B 【解析】this morning表示过去的时间，且后文“His teacher was very angry.”使用了过去时，因此主句也用一般过去时。主语He是单数，be动词用was。故选B。 8. A 【解析】根据语境“He will be back in an hour.”可知，李先生去了图书馆还没回来，因此设空处要用has gone to表示“去了某地（未返回）”。has been to表示“去过某地（已返回）”，不符合语境。故选A。 9. A 【解析】every day表示每天发生的习惯性动作，时态用一般现在时。主语My grandfather是第三人称单数，动词用enjoys。故选A。 10. A 【解析】yesterday afternoon表示过去时间，问句询问过去的状态，be动词用were（与you搭配）。否定回答主语为I，用wasn’t。故选A。 11. B 【解析】根据“Please be quiet.”和“Don’t wake him up.”可知，婴儿正在睡觉，因此用现在进行时is sleeping表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。故选B。 12. C 【解析】since she was five years old表示从过去某个时间点持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时。has played表示“从五岁起一直弹钢琴”。故选C。 13. B 【解析】yesterday表示过去时间，询问过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。助动词did后接动词原形finish。故选B。 14. A 【解析】next summer vacation表示将来的时间，且“have already bought the tickets”表明已经做好计划安排。位移动词go可用现在进行时表示按计划将要发生的动作，因此用are going。故选A。 15. B 【解析】while引导的时间状语从句表示“当……的时候”，强调主从句动作同时进行。主句用过去进行时was doing，从句也用过去进行时was watching，表示“我正在看电视的时候，哥哥在做作业”。故选B。 二、1. walks; took 2. have finished; borrowed 3. are playing 4. hasn’t eaten 5. came; were talking 6. Have; seen; will watch 7. has learned/has learnt; speaks 8. leaves 9. has lived; moved 10. was cooking; was reading 三、1. gets up 2. was doing 3. have finished 4. rains 5. has been 6. are playing 四、1. doesn’t do 2. Are; watching 3. Where did; go 4. haven’t seen; yet 5. Was; reading 五、1. B 2. D 3. A 4. E 5. C 六、1. got 2. looked 3. saw 4. was raining 5. didn’t want 6. decided 7. took 8. walked  9. was waiting 10. met 七、1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. B 八、1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $