Unit 5 Grammar-Further study 知识梳理及练习 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级下册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过语法框架图和语言知识点列表系统构建知识体系，梳理enough/too的用法规则、句型转换及16个核心短语（如avoid doing, take one's time），用对比表格呈现enough位置差异和too...to与so...that转换，突出易错点和高频考点的内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，语法专项训练含单项选择、句型转换等基础题，能力提升部分设文化主题阅读（如拱手礼礼仪）和完形填空（曾子避席故事），培养语言能力和文化意识。真题练习结合易错点提醒，帮助基础学生掌握方法，优秀学生深入探究，为教师实施精准分层教学提供支持。

译林版英语 Unit 5 Good manners 课时2 Grammar-Further study 知识精讲 Grammar 1、 enough和too 1. enough “足够地 / 足够的” (1) 修饰形容词 / 副词时，放在后面：adj/adv + enough The room is big enough for 3 people.（房间够大可以容纳3个人） (2) 修饰名词时，放在前面：enough + n. We have enough time to finish the work.（我们有足够的时间完成这项工作） 2. too “太…” 修饰形容词 / 副词时，放在前面：too + adj/adv The box is too heavy for me to carry.（箱子太重了我搬不动） 2、 enough to和too...to (1) adj/adv + enough to do “足够… 去做某事”（语气肯定，表示能做到） He is old enough to go to school.（他够大了，可以上学了） (2) too + adj/adv + to do“太… 而不能做某事”（语气否定，表示做不到） The problem is too difficult for me to solve.（这道题对我来说太难了，解不出来）易错点： 1. enough在句子中的位置：名词之前，形容词副词之后 2. too...to本身表示否定含义，不能再加not 3、 句型转换（高频考点） 这两个结构可以和 so...that 互相转换，是考试常考的改写题。 The boy is so short that he can't reach the shelf. =The boy is too short to reach the shelf. =The boy isn't tall enough to reach the shelf. The girl is so clever that she can work out the problem. =The girl is clever enough to work out the problem. （too...to 表否定，不能直接转换） 4、 补充：so...that 与such...that ◦ so + adj./adv. + that 从句 ◦ such + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + that ◦ such + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + that ◦ such + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + that 遇到 many / much / few / little（表多少）→ 只用 so 语法专项训练 一、单项选择 1. The baby is _____A___ young ________ look after himself. A. too; to B. so; that C. enough; to D. such; that 2. The maths problem is ___A_____ difficult ________ work out in ten minutes. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. quite; that 3. You are not careful ____D____ to find the mistakes in the passage. A. too B. so C. much D. enough 4. The ice is ____A____ thin ________ skate on. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. very; to 5. The movie was ____C____ boring ________ I fell asleep halfway. A. such; that B. too; to C. so; that D. enough; to 6. The box is ___C_____to carry easily. A. too light; to B. enough light; to C. light enough; to D. so light; that 7. He was _____A___ excited ________ say a word when he heard the news. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. such; that 8. It was ____B____ fine weather ________ we went to the park. A. so; that B. such; that C. such a; that D. enough; to 9. We have D now, you don’t have to hurry. A.time enough;so B.enough time; but C. time enough; but D.enough time ; so 10. The street is ____A____ crowded ________ walk quickly. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. much; to 11.The story is _____A___ interesting ________ I want to read it again. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 12. It is ____B____ useful book ________ I read it every day. A. so a; that B. such a; that C. such an; that D. so an; that 13. He has ____B____ few friends ________ he often feels lonely. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 二、句型转换 1. The girl is so short that she can’t reach the book on the desk.（同义句） The girl is _too__ short ___to___ reach the book on the desk. 2. He is so strong that he can move the heavy stone.（同义句） He is __strong___ __enough__ __to___ move the heavy stone. 3. The problem is too difficult for me to work out.（同义句） The problem isn’t _easy_ __enough_ for me to work out. 4. The room is big enough to hold 50 students.（同义句） The room is __so__ big _that__ it can hold 50 students. Grammar-Further study 语言知识点梳理 知识点 1 To enjoy world travel fully,avoid too much planning all at once. (1) fully adv. 完全地；充分地；彻底地 fully understand 充分理解 fully prepared 准备充分 → full adj.满的；充分的 be full of = be filled with (2) all at once 一起；同时 ；突然 The students began to talk all at once.学生们一下子都开始说话。 All at once, it began to rain heavily.突然下起了大雨。 (3) avoid v. 避免；避开；防止（过去式 / 过去分词：avoided） avoid doing sth 避免做某事 avoid danger 避开危险 avoid trouble 避免麻烦 【真题练习】 1.(2024・模拟) He drove carefully to avoid _hitting_ (hit) the dog. 2.(2025・广东) We should avoid_ wasting time on computer games. 知识点 2 Take your time. take one’s time.别着急 take one’s time (to do sth)从容做某事；不慌不忙做某事 You can take your time to finish the work.你可以慢慢来完成这项工作。 • take one’s place 代替某人；就座 • take one’s temperature 量体温 • take one’s advice 听从某人的建议 知识点 3 Pleased wait patiently enough to let everyone get their turn.Don’t jump the line. (1) get one’s turn 轮到某人；等到某人的机会 核心搭配 • It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 • wait for one’s turn 等候轮到自己 • get one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 (2) jump the line 插队；加塞儿 It’s rude to jump the line in public.在公共场合插队是不礼貌的。 知识点 4 Wait a few minutes for it to cool off. cool off 变凉；冷却下来 ；冷静下来（情绪） cool off in the shade 在阴凉处乘凉 let sb cool off 让某人冷静一下 知识点 5 Don’t walk too fast in case you run into someone. (1) in case 以防，万一 Take an umbrella in case it rains.带把伞，以防下雨。 in case of + 名词 万一…… Take a coat in case of cold weather.带件外套，以防天气变冷。 (2) run into 偶然遇见 = meet by chance ；撞上；遭遇（困难、问题） run into an old friend 偶遇老朋友 run into trouble / problems 遇到麻烦 run into a tree 撞到树上 I ran into my primary school teacher yesterday.我昨天偶遇了小学老师。 Be careful not to run into the wall.小心别撞到墙。 【真题练习】 1. (2024・江苏模拟) I’ll take an extra pen __A__ the first one doesn’t work. A. in case B. unless C. though D. because 2.(2024・湖北) He may ___A__ some difficulties, but he never gives up. A. run into B. put into C. break into D. fall into 知识点 6 In public places,people are polite enough to keep their voices down. keep one’s voice down 压低声音 We must keep our voices down in the library.在图书馆我们必须压低声音。 知识点 7 Also，they are too kind to push past you when you are in their way. (1) push past you 从你身边挤过去；推开你往前走（多指粗鲁、匆忙地挤过） (2) in one’s way 挡某人的路；妨碍某人 常考短语：on the way 在途中 /by the way 顺便说 /in a way 在某种程度上 知识点 8 If he promised others something,he always kept his word. (1) promise v. 许诺，答应 n. 诺言，承诺 核心搭配（中考必考） promise to do sth 答应 / 承诺做某事 promise sb sth 答应某人某事 make/keep/break a promise 许下/遵守/违背诺言 (2) keep one’s word 信守诺言；说话算数 = keep one’s promise He is a man who always keeps his word.他是个信守诺言的人。 【真题练习】 1. (2024・江苏模拟) Don’t __A____ a promise if you can’t keep it. A. make B. take C. do D. get 2.(2023・湖南) My father promised _C__ me a new bike on my birthday. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. bought 知识点 9 When the master woke up,.he was moved to see the two students waiting in the deep snow. (1) move v.使感动，打动 v. 移动；搬家 be moved to tears 感动得流泪 be deeply moved 深受感动 (2) see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事（强调动作正在进行） see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事 / 经常做（全过程） hear, watch, find, notice 都有类似用法 知识点 10 Don’t touch the artwork if it is not allowed. (1) touch v.触摸；碰 触动；感动（= move） The story touched my heart.这个故事触动了我的心。 Don’t touch the hot pan.别碰热锅。 n.触摸；接触 keep in touch with sb 与某人保持联系 lose touch with sb 与某人失去联系 (2) allow v.允许；准许 allow doing sth 允许做某事 allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事（被动） My parents don’t allow me to stay out late.我的父母不允许我待在外面太晚。 You are allowed to use dictionaries in the exam.考试当中允许适用字典。 【真题练习】 1.(2024・江苏模拟) I felt deeply _B___ when I heard the news. A. moving B. moved C. surprising D. surprised 2.(2024・广东) We don’t allow __B___ in the hospital. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked 3.(2025・模拟) People are not allowed __C___ photos here. A. take B. taking C. to take D. took 知识点 11 The rules in Chinese if very similar to those in the UK. (1) similar adj. 相似的，类似的 → similarly adv. 相似地；同样地 be similar to sb./sth. 与…… 相似 be similar in + 方面在…… 方面相似 易混淆： be the same as 与…… 相同 be different from 与…… 不同 (2) those 作指示代词，指代前面出现过的复数名词“rules 规则”，单数用that 知识点 12 It is usually very peaceful inside because people have to be quiet there. peaceful adj. 和平的；安静的；平静的 → peace n. 和平；平静→ peacefully adv. 平静地；和平地 a peaceful country 一个和平的国家 live a peaceful life 过平静的生活 【真题练习】 1. (2023・江苏南京) We hope we can live a __B___ life with no wars. A. quiet B. peaceful C. sad D. lazy 2. (2023・全国) We all hope to live __peacefully_ (peace) in the world. 知识点 13 This is quite impolite because it will trouble other visitors. (1) trouble n. 问题；麻烦；困难 v. 使烦恼；麻烦 get into trouble 陷入麻烦 have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 take the trouble to do sth 不辞辛劳做某事 (2) impolite adj. 不礼貌的→polite adj.礼貌的 → politeness n.礼貌（见Reading考点） It’s impolite of sb to do sth某人做某事是不礼貌的 【真题练习】 1. (2024・内蒙古包头) Many students have __C___ communicating with their parents. A. question B. problem C. trouble D. difficult 2.(2022・盐城模拟) Don’t ask him for money. He is in big __B___ now. A. time B. trouble C. hurry D. worry 2.(2021・辽宁盘锦) It’s __B___ to talk loudly in public. A. polite B. impolite C. kind D. friendly 知识点 14 At the end of the meal,we only paid for the meal,because here it is not common to leave a tip. (1) 句型：it is common to do sth... 做某事是常见的 (2) leave a tip 付小费；留小费 tip n. 小费；建议；贴士；顶端；尖端 v. 给小费；倾斜 give tips on sth 给…… 方面的建议 People usually leave a tip for waiters in Western countries.在西方国家，人们通常给服务员留小费。 知识点 15 Don’t rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry. (1) rush v. 冲，奔；仓促行事；匆忙移动 n. 匆忙；急促 rush out 冲出去 rush to do sth 匆忙去做某事 rush into 冲进…… rush hour （交通）高峰期 (2) unless conj. 除非，如果不 unless = if … not引导条件状语从句，主将从现。 You will miss the bus unless you hurry up.除非你快点，否则会错过公交车。 = You will miss the bus if you don’t hurry up. 【真题练习】 1. (2024・江苏无锡) I won’t tell you the result __B___ you promise to keep it secret. A. if B. unless C. because D. though 2.(2022・河南) Don’t rush _to cross_ (cross) the street when the light is red. 3.(2025・江苏模拟) She _rushed_ (rush) out of the room when she heard the news. 知识点 16 When you are about to leave,say“Thank you”. (1) be about to do 正要，即将，马上要做某事 注意： 1.不与具体时间状语连用 如：tomorrow, soon, in 5 minutes 一般不一起用 2. 常与 when 连用： be about to do… when… 正要做某事…… 这时突然…… He was about to go to bed when the doorbell rang.他正要上床睡觉，这时门铃响了。 【真题练习】 1.(2023・江苏扬州) I was about __B___ to bed when the phone rang. A. go B. to go C. going D. went 基础巩固 一、单项选择 I ____A____ understand what you said just now. A. fully B. full C. fill D. filled 2. The birds flew away __A___ when they heard the noise. A. all at once B. at once C. just now D. right away 3. We should avoid __B____ the same mistake again. A. make B. making C. to make D. made 4.—I’m afraid I can’t finish it in time. —___A_____. You still have twenty minutes. A. Take your time B. Take it easy C. Enjoy yourself D. Help yourself 5.It’s polite to wait in line instead of ________. A. jumping the line B. getting your turn C. taking your time D. avoiding the line 6. Please be patient. You will ____A____ soon. A. get your turn B. jump the line C. take your place D. make your turn 7. You’d better take a map with you ____D____ you get lost. A. so that B. even if C. as if D. in case 8. After playing basketball for an hour, the boys sat down to ___A_____. A. cool off B. take off C. get off D. put off 9. I ____A____ my deskmate at the supermarket last Sunday. A. ran into B. turned into C. looked into D. came into 10.The box is so big that it ____A____ of the door. A. gets in the way B. pushes past C. keeps down D. runs into 11. —The baby is sleeping. —OK, I’ll ____C____. A. push past B. jump the line C. keep my voice down D. cool off 12.We were all ___A_____ when we heard the touching story. A. moved B. moving C. bored D. boring 13. I saw some kids __B______ on the street when I passed by. A. play B. playing C. to play D. played 14.Visitors are not ___A___ to touch the paintings in the museum. A. allowed B. moved C. touched D. promised 15. The teacher doesn’t allow ___C___ noise in class. A. make B. making C. to make D. made 16My mobile phone is similar ___A___ yours in style. A. to B. as C. with D. from 17.People around the world love a __A____ world and hate wars. A. peaceful B. noisy C. busy D. strange 二、词汇运用 1.It’s impolite (polite) to ask personal questions in Western countries. 2.My grandmother likes living in the countryside,because she enjoys the peaceful (peace) life there. 3.You’d better take an umbrella in case it rains today. 4.A car r an into a big tree yesterday.Luckily, no one was hurt. 5.In western countries,if someone in your way ,they are too polite to past you. 6.In public places like library,we should keep our voice down in order not to trouble others. 7.I will have a discussion (discuss) with my parents about our May Day plan. 8.My best friend promised to keep it secret for me,but he didn’t keep his promise .(promise) 9.You won’t improve your English unless you work hard from now on. 10.Xi’an is famous for its tasty (taste)food and special scenic spots. 11.Please walk quietly (quiet),the baby is sleeping. 三、选词填空 loudly allow even though respect get used to 1. Don’t speak loudly ,especially when we are in public places. 2. I think students should be allowed to make their own decisions. 3. The two students were too respectful to wake their teacher up. 4. Getting used to a new life is a little hard at first,but I think you can make it. 5. He was too honest to take others’ things, even though no one knew who owned the pear tree. 能力提升 四. 阅读理解（文化意识 文化理解）（2024・泰安二模） For centuries, China has been known as “a state of ceremony”, which means Liyi Zhibang. There was much greeting etiquette in ancient China. And the fist-and-palm salute (拱手礼) was quite a classic example. Today, although Chinese people usually shake hands when meeting friends and relatives, people still make fist-and-palm salutes when they are paying a visit to someone during the Spring Festival or attending someone’s wedding or birthday party. The fist-and-palm salute has a history of more than 3,000 years. Since the Western Zhou Dynasty, people had already performed it when meeting peers (同辈). In ancient times, if people met a stranger, they would prepare for a fight if necessary, and their hands were always ready for holding any weapon (武器). Holding hands together pointed towards themselves was a gesture of saying “relax”, meaning “I’m not with any weapon and I’m not here to pick a fight”. Later, it became the etiquette when people met each other or showed thanks. So, how should people do the fist-and-palm salute properly? First, stand at attention. If you’re a man, make a fist (拳) with your right hand, then hold the right hand with your left hand in front of your chest, look at the person, raise both hands to the eyebrows (眉毛), bend down and shake hands gently three times. At the same time, you can also say some lucky greeting words. If you’re a woman, you should do it the other way which should be the right hand on the top. People may be more familiar with the hold-fist salute, called bao quan li in Chinese. It is widely used among the kung fu masters and students. This gesture is formed by holding the right fist first very tightly closed and covering it with the left hand open, and extending both arms a little forward in front of the chest. Make sure the left thumb (拇指) is close to the index finger (食指) and don’t point it at yourself, as it shows impoliteness. ( B )1. What does the underlined word “etiquette” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Need. B. Manners. C. Dances. D. Groups. ( A )2. （新考法 图示理解）Which picture shows the CORRECT way for women to do the fist-and-palm salute? ( C )3. If Mike wants to do the hold-fist salute, he should ______. A. keep his right hand open B. put his right hand on his left hand C. not point his left thumb at himself D. not hold out his arms ( D )4. （语言能力 推断能力）What can we learn from the passage? A. There are no standards for these two salutes. B. The fist-and-palm salute is more common in kung fu. C. Now, people celebrate one’s birthday with the hold-fist salute. D. These two salutes seem similar, but they are quite different. 五、完形填空 主题：曾子避席 —— 尊师重道的礼仪故事 Zengzi was a famous student of Confucius. He was very 1B and always respected his teacher deeply. One day, Confucius was talking with Zengzi. He sat on a seat and began to 2 C something important. Zengzi sat on a small mat on the floor and listened 3D . Suddenly, Confucius looked at him and asked a 4 C question. Zengzi knew that his teacher was teaching him a great lesson. He wanted to show his 5 A and seriousness. Without thinking twice, Zengzi stood up at once. He 6 A his own seat quickly and stood 7B the mat. This action was called “bixi” (避席) in ancient China. It showed that he was modest and willing to learn 8 B . Confucius saw this and felt very 9 B . He knew Zengzi truly understood the importance of good manners. In ancient times, leaving one’s seat was a 10 C of respect. It meant “I am not good enough to sit while you are teaching me.” Zengzi 11 D did this whenever his teacher taught him. He never sat casually or spoke loudly. He always kept 12B and waited for Confucius to finish. This story tells us that 13 C is one of the best virtues. Good manners are not just 14 A —they come from a sincere heart. If we are polite to teachers and elders, we can 15 B more and become better people. 1. A. strict B. polite C. funny D. perfect 2. A. eat B. write C. explain D. guess 3. A. carelessly B. loudly C. angrily D. carefully 4. A. simple B. difficult C. serious D. boring 5. A. respect B. energy C. courage D. fear 6. A. left B. kept C. took D. cleaned 7. A. on B. beside C. under D. next 8. A. happily B. politely C. secretly D. widely 9. A. nervous B. satisfied C. worried D. surprised 10. A. way B. story C. sign D. style 11. A. never B. seldom C. sometimes D. often 12. A. noisy B. quiet C. clean D. active 13. A. wisdom B. friendship C. politeness D. happiness 14. A. actions B. ideas C. plans D. dreams 15. A. lose B. learn C. miss D. change 六、从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余。（文化意识 跨文化交流） Cultural dining manners might surprise you with some of these important rules. 1. ____D__. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world. Chopsticks Rules The way you hold chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 2. __E___. Hands or Utensils (餐具) In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 3. ___C___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. Making Requests 4. ___A___. In Portugal, this would be serious mistake, because it shows the chefs that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. Some of these cultural dining manners may seem accidental and strange, but they are important in different countries. 5. ___B___, the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. A.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal. B.The more time you spend in any given country C.Mexicans consider it improper to eat with utensils D.Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together G.This was so that people could keep their home warm for the winter 七、首字母填空 [2025 江苏连云港期末] There is going to be a talk on visiting manners. The purpose of the talk is to teach students 1. r______ for visiting. Good visiting manners make our experiences 2. h______. Whether (无论) visiting museums, places of interest, or friends’ homes, it’s important to 3. f______ proper rules. When visiting museums, remember three rules. First, many places have 4. p______ signs saying “No touching” or “No photos” — follow these instructions. Second, keep your 5. v______ down. Just enjoy art and history quietly. Third, never run or shout as it troubles others. When visiting a friend’s home, bring a small 6. g______ like flowers or chocolates. You are 7. e______ to take off shoes in some families. Never 8. t______ private (私人的) things if the host doesn’t agree. For group visits like school trips, stay with your group and listen 9. c______ to guides. Put up your hand for questions 10. i______ of shouting out. As the saying goes, “Good manners will open doors that the best education cannot.” Let’s all be polite visitors. 1.rules 2.happy 3.follow 4.public 5.voice 6.gift 7.expected 8.touch 9.carefully 10.instead 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 译林版英语 Unit 5 Good manners 课时2 Grammar-Further study 知识精讲 Grammar 1、 enough和too 1. enough “足够地 / 足够的” (1) 修饰形容词 / 副词时，放在后面：adj/adv + enough The room is big enough for 3 people.（房间够大可以容纳3个人） (2) 修饰名词时，放在前面：enough + n. We have enough time to finish the work.（我们有足够的时间完成这项工作） 2. too “太…” 修饰形容词 / 副词时，放在前面：too + adj/adv The box is too heavy for me to carry.（箱子太重了我搬不动） 2、 enough to和too...to (1) adj/adv + enough to do “足够… 去做某事”（语气肯定，表示能做到） He is old enough to go to school.（他够大了，可以上学了） (2) too + adj/adv + to do“太… 而不能做某事”（语气否定，表示做不到） The problem is too difficult for me to solve.（这道题对我来说太难了，解不出来）易错点： 1. enough在句子中的位置：名词之前，形容词副词之后 2. too...to本身表示否定含义，不能再加not 3、 句型转换（高频考点） 这两个结构可以和 so...that 互相转换，是考试常考的改写题。 The boy is so short that he can't reach the shelf. =The boy is too short to reach the shelf. =The boy isn't tall enough to reach the shelf. The girl is so clever that she can work out the problem. =The girl is clever enough to work out the problem. （too...to 表否定，不能直接转换） 4、 补充：so...that 与such...that ◦ so + adj./adv. + that 从句 ◦ such + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + that ◦ such + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + that ◦ such + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + that 遇到 many / much / few / little（表多少）→ 只用 so 语法专项训练 一、单项选择 1. The baby is ________ young ________ look after himself. A. too; to B. so; that C. enough; to D. such; that 2. The maths problem is ________ difficult ________ work out in ten minutes. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. quite; that 3. You are not careful ________ to find the mistakes in the passage. A. too B. so C. much D. enough 4. The ice is ________ thin ________ skate on. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. very; to 5. The movie was ________ boring ________ I fell asleep halfway. A. such; that B. too; to C. so; that D. enough; to 6. The box is ________to carry easily. A. too light; to B. enough light; to C. light enough; to D. so light; that 7. He was ________ excited ________ say a word when he heard the news. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. such; that 8. It was ________ fine weather ________ we went to the park. A. so; that B. such; that C. such a; that D. enough; to 9. We have now, you don’t have to hurry. A.time enough;so B.enough time; but C. time enough; but D.enough time ; so 10. The street is ________ crowded ________ walk quickly. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. much; to 11.The story is ________ interesting ________ I want to read it again. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 12. It is ________ a useful book ________ I read it every day. A. so a; that B. such a; that C. such an; that D. so an; that 13. He has ________ few friends ________ he often feels lonely. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 二、句型转换 1. The girl is so short that she can’t reach the book on the desk.（同义句） The girl is ________ short ________ reach the book on the desk. 2. He is so strong that he can move the heavy stone.（同义句） He is ________ ________ ________ move the heavy stone. 3. The problem is too difficult for me to work out.（同义句） The problem isn’t ________ ________ for me to work out. 4. The room is big enough to hold 50 students.（同义句） The room is ________ big ________ it can hold 50 students. Grammar-Further study 语言知识点梳理 知识点 1 To enjoy world travel fully,avoid too much planning all at once. (1) fully adv. 完全地；充分地；彻底地 fully understand 充分理解 fully prepared 准备充分 → full adj.满的；充分的 be full of = be filled with (2) all at once 一起；同时 ；突然 The students began to talk all at once.学生们一下子都开始说话。 All at once, it began to rain heavily.突然下起了大雨。 (3) avoid v. 避免；避开；防止（过去式 / 过去分词：avoided） avoid doing sth 避免做某事 avoid danger 避开危险 avoid trouble 避免麻烦 【真题练习】 1.(2024・模拟) He drove carefully to avoid ______ (hit) the dog. 2.(2025・广东) We should a______ wasting time on computer games. 知识点 2 Take your time. take one’s time.别着急 take one’s time (to do sth)从容做某事；不慌不忙做某事 You can take your time to finish the work.你可以慢慢来完成这项工作。 • take one’s place 代替某人；就座 • take one’s temperature 量体温 • take one’s advice 听从某人的建议 知识点 3 Pleased wait patiently enough to let everyone get their turn.Don’t jump the line. (1) get one’s turn 轮到某人；等到某人的机会 核心搭配 • It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 • wait for one’s turn 等候轮到自己 • get one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 (2) jump the line 插队；加塞儿 It’s rude to jump the line in public.在公共场合插队是不礼貌的。 知识点 4 Wait a few minutes for it to cool off. cool off 变凉；冷却下来 ；冷静下来（情绪） cool off in the shade 在阴凉处乘凉 let sb cool off 让某人冷静一下 知识点 5 Don’t walk too fast in case you run into someone. (1) in case 以防，万一 Take an umbrella in case it rains.带把伞，以防下雨。 in case of + 名词 万一…… Take a coat in case of cold weather.带件外套，以防天气变冷。 (2) run into 偶然遇见 = meet by chance ；撞上；遭遇（困难、问题） run into an old friend 偶遇老朋友 run into trouble / problems 遇到麻烦 run into a tree 撞到树上 I ran into my primary school teacher yesterday.我昨天偶遇了小学老师。 Be careful not to run into the wall.小心别撞到墙。 【真题练习】 1. (2024・江苏模拟) I’ll take an extra pen ________ the first one doesn’t work. A. in case B. unless C. though D. because 2.(2024・湖北) He may ________ some difficulties, but he never gives up. A. run into B. put into C. break into D. fall into 知识点 6 In public places,people are polite enough to keep their voices down. keep one’s voice down 压低声音 We must keep our voices down in the library.在图书馆我们必须压低声音。 知识点 7 Also，they are too kind to push past you when you are in their way. (1) push past you 从你身边挤过去；推开你往前走（多指粗鲁、匆忙地挤过） (2) in one’s way 挡某人的路；妨碍某人 常考短语：on the way 在途中 /by the way 顺便说 /in a way 在某种程度上 知识点 8 If he promised others something,he always kept his word. (1) promise v. 许诺，答应 n. 诺言，承诺 核心搭配（中考必考） promise to do sth 答应 / 承诺做某事 promise sb sth 答应某人某事 make/keep/break a promise 许下/遵守/违背诺言 (2) keep one’s word 信守诺言；说话算数 = keep one’s promise He is a man who always keeps his word.他是个信守诺言的人。 【真题练习】 1. (2024・江苏模拟) Don’t ______ a promise if you can’t keep it. A. make B. take C. do D. get 2.(2023・湖南) My father promised ______ me a new bike on my birthday. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. bought 知识点 9 When the master woke up,.he was moved to see the two students waiting in the deep snow. (1) move v.使感动，打动 v. 移动；搬家 be moved to tears 感动得流泪 be deeply moved 深受感动 (2) see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事（强调动作正在进行） see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事 / 经常做（全过程） hear, watch, find, notice 都有类似用法 知识点 10 Don’t touch the artwork if it is not allowed. (1) touch v.触摸；碰 触动；感动（= move） The story touched my heart.这个故事触动了我的心。 Don’t touch the hot pan.别碰热锅。 n.触摸；接触 keep in touch with sb 与某人保持联系 lose touch with sb 与某人失去联系 (2) allow v.允许；准许 allow doing sth 允许做某事 allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事（被动） My parents don’t allow me to stay out late.我的父母不允许我待在外面太晚。 You are allowed to use dictionaries in the exam.考试当中允许适用字典。 【真题练习】 1.(2024・江苏模拟) I felt deeply _____ when I heard the news. A. moving B. moved C. surprising D. surprised 2.(2024・广东) We don’t allow _____ in the hospital. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked 3.(2025・模拟) People are not allowed _____ photos here. A. take B. taking C. to take D. took 知识点 11 The rules in Chinese if very similar to those in the UK. (1) similar adj. 相似的，类似的 → similarly adv. 相似地；同样地 be similar to sb./sth. 与…… 相似 be similar in + 方面在…… 方面相似 易混淆： be the same as 与…… 相同 be different from 与…… 不同 (2) those 作指示代词，指代前面出现过的复数名词“rules 规则”，单数用that 知识点 12 It is usually very peaceful inside because people have to be quiet there. peaceful adj. 和平的；安静的；平静的 → peace n. 和平；平静→ peacefully adv. 平静地；和平地 a peaceful country 一个和平的国家 live a peaceful life 过平静的生活 【真题练习】 1. (2023・江苏南京) We hope we can live a _____ life with no wars. A. quiet B. peaceful C. sad D. lazy 2. (2023・全国) We all hope to live ______ (peace) in the world. 知识点 13 This is quite impolite because it will trouble other visitors. (1) trouble n. 问题；麻烦；困难 v. 使烦恼；麻烦 get into trouble 陷入麻烦 have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 take the trouble to do sth 不辞辛劳做某事 (2) impolite adj. 不礼貌的→polite adj.礼貌的 → politeness n.礼貌（见Reading考点） It’s impolite of sb to do sth某人做某事是不礼貌的 【真题练习】 1. (2024・内蒙古包头) Many students have _____ communicating with their parents. A. question B. problem C. trouble D. difficult 2.(2022・盐城模拟) Don’t ask him for money. He is in big _____ now. A. time B. trouble C. hurry D. worry 2.(2021・辽宁盘锦) It’s _____ to talk loudly in public. A. polite B. impolite C. kind D. friendly 知识点 14 At the end of the meal,we only paid for the meal,because here it is not common to leave a tip. (1) 句型：it is common to do sth... 做某事是常见的 (2) leave a tip 付小费；留小费 tip n. 小费；建议；贴士；顶端；尖端 v. 给小费；倾斜 give tips on sth 给…… 方面的建议 People usually leave a tip for waiters in Western countries.在西方国家，人们通常给服务员留小费。 知识点 15 Don’t rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry. (1) rush v. 冲，奔；仓促行事；匆忙移动 n. 匆忙；急促 rush out 冲出去 rush to do sth 匆忙去做某事 rush into 冲进…… rush hour （交通）高峰期 (2) unless conj. 除非，如果不 unless = if … not引导条件状语从句，主将从现。 You will miss the bus unless you hurry up.除非你快点，否则会错过公交车。 = You will miss the bus if you don’t hurry up. 【真题练习】 1. (2024・江苏无锡) I won’t tell you the result _____ you promise to keep it secret. A. if B. unless C. because D. though 2.(2022・河南) Don’t rush ______ (cross) the street when the light is red. 3.(2025・江苏模拟) She ______ (rush) out of the room when she heard the news. 知识点 16 When you are about to leave,say“Thank you”. (1) be about to do 正要，即将，马上要做某事 注意： 1.不与具体时间状语连用 如：tomorrow, soon, in 5 minutes 一般不一起用 2. 常与 when 连用： be about to do… when… 正要做某事…… 这时突然…… He was about to go to bed when the doorbell rang.他正要上床睡觉，这时门铃响了。 【真题练习】 1.(2023・江苏扬州) I was about _____ to bed when the phone rang. A. go B. to go C. going D. went 基础巩固 一、单项选择 I ________ understand what you said just now. A. fully B. full C. fill D. filled 2. The birds flew away ________ when they heard the noise. A. all at once B. at once C. just now D. right away 3. We should avoid ________ the same mistake again. A. make B. making C. to make D. made 4.—I’m afraid I can’t finish it in time. —________. You still have twenty minutes. A. Take your time B. Take it easy C. Enjoy yourself D. Help yourself 5.It’s polite to wait in line instead of ________. A. jumping the line B. getting your turn C. taking your time D. avoiding the line 6. Please be patient. You will ________ soon. A. get your turn B. jump the line C. take your place D. make your turn 7. You’d better take a map with you ________ you get lost. A. so that B. even if C. as if D. in case 8. After playing basketball for an hour, the boys sat down to ________. A. cool off B. take off C. get off D. put off 9. I ________ my deskmate at the supermarket last Sunday. A. ran into B. turned into C. looked into D. came into 10.The box is so big that it ________ of the door. A. gets in the way B. pushes past C. keeps down D. runs into 11. —The baby is sleeping. —OK, I’ll ________. A. push past B. jump the line C. keep my voice down D. cool off 12.We were all ________ when we heard the touching story. A. moved B. moving C. bored D. boring 13. I saw some kids ________ on the street when I passed by. A. play B. playing C. to play D. played 14.Visitors are not ______ to touch the paintings in the museum. A. allowed B. moved C. touched D. promised 15. The teacher doesn’t allow ______ noise in class. A. make B. making C. to make D. made 16My mobile phone is similar ______ yours in style. A. to B. as C. with D. from 17.People around the world love a ______ world and hate wars. A. peaceful B. noisy C. busy D. strange 二、词汇运用 1.It’s (polite) to ask personal questions in Western countries. 2.My grandmother likes living in the countryside,because she enjoys the (peace) life there. 3.You’d better take an umbrella in c it rains today. 4.A car r into a big tree yesterday.Luckily, no one was hurt. 5.In western countries,if someone i your way ,they are too polite to past you. 6.In public places like library,we should keep our voice down in order not to t others. 7.I will have a (discuss) with my parents about our May Day plan. 8.My best friend to keep it secret for me,but he didn’t keep his .(promise) 9.You won’t improve your English you work hard from now on. 10.Xi’an is famous for its (taste)food and special scenic spots. 11.Please walk (quiet),the baby is sleeping. 三、选词填空 loudly allow even though respect get used to 1. Don’t speak ,especially when we are in public places. 2. I think students should be to make their own decisions. 3. The two students were too to wake their teacher up. 4. a new life is a little hard at first,but I think you can make it. 5. He was too honest to take others’ things, no one knew who owned the pear tree. 能力提升 四. 阅读理解（文化意识 文化理解）（2024・泰安二模） For centuries, China has been known as “a state of ceremony”, which means Liyi Zhibang. There was much greeting etiquette in ancient China. And the fist-and-palm salute (拱手礼) was quite a classic example. Today, although Chinese people usually shake hands when meeting friends and relatives, people still make fist-and-palm salutes when they are paying a visit to someone during the Spring Festival or attending someone’s wedding or birthday party. The fist-and-palm salute has a history of more than 3,000 years. Since the Western Zhou Dynasty, people had already performed it when meeting peers (同辈). In ancient times, if people met a stranger, they would prepare for a fight if necessary, and their hands were always ready for holding any weapon (武器). Holding hands together pointed towards themselves was a gesture of saying “relax”, meaning “I’m not with any weapon and I’m not here to pick a fight”. Later, it became the etiquette when people met each other or showed thanks. So, how should people do the fist-and-palm salute properly? First, stand at attention. If you’re a man, make a fist (拳) with your right hand, then hold the right hand with your left hand in front of your chest, look at the person, raise both hands to the eyebrows (眉毛), bend down and shake hands gently three times. At the same time, you can also say some lucky greeting words. If you’re a woman, you should do it the other way which should be the right hand on the top. People may be more familiar with the hold-fist salute, called bao quan li in Chinese. It is widely used among the kung fu masters and students. This gesture is formed by holding the right fist first very tightly closed and covering it with the left hand open, and extending both arms a little forward in front of the chest. Make sure the left thumb (拇指) is close to the index finger (食指) and don’t point it at yourself, as it shows impoliteness. ( )1. What does the underlined word “etiquette” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Need. B. Manners. C. Dances. D. Groups. ( )2. （新考法 图示理解）Which picture shows the CORRECT way for people to do the fist-and-palm salute? ( )3. If Mike wants to do the hold-fist salute, he should ______. A. keep his right hand open B. put his right hand on his left hand C. not point his left thumb at himself D. not hold out his arms ( )4. （语言能力 推断能力）What can we learn from the passage? A. There are no standards for these two salutes. B. The fist-and-palm salute is more common in kung fu. C. Now, people celebrate one’s birthday with the hold-fist salute. D. These two salutes seem similar, but they are quite different. 五、完形填空 主题：曾子避席 —— 尊师重道的礼仪故事 Zengzi was a famous student of Confucius. He was very 1 and always respected his teacher deeply. One day, Confucius was talking with Zengzi. He sat on a seat and began to 2 something important. Zengzi sat on a small mat on the floor and listened 3 . Suddenly, Confucius looked at him and asked a 4 question. Zengzi knew that his teacher was teaching him a great lesson. He wanted to show his 5 and seriousness. Without thinking twice, Zengzi stood up at once. He 6 his own seat quickly and stood 7 the mat. This action was called “bixi” (避席) in ancient China. It showed that he was modest and willing to learn 8 . Confucius saw this and felt very 9 . He knew Zengzi truly understood the importance of good manners. In ancient times, leaving one’s seat was a 10 of respect. It meant “I am not good enough to sit while you are teaching me.” Zengzi 11 did this whenever his teacher taught him. He never sat casually or spoke loudly. He always kept 12 and waited for Confucius to finish. This story tells us that 13 is one of the best virtues. Good manners are not just 14 —they come from a sincere heart. If we are polite to teachers and elders, we can 15 more and become better people. 1. A. strict B. polite C. funny D. perfect 2. A. eat B. write C. explain D. guess 3. A. carelessly B. loudly C. angrily D. carefully 4. A. simple B. difficult C. serious D. boring 5. A. respect B. energy C. courage D. fear 6. A. left B. kept C. took D. cleaned 7. A. on B. beside C. under D. next 8. A. happily B. politely C. secretly D. widely 9. A. nervous B. satisfied C. worried D. surprised 10. A. way B. story C. sign D. style 11. A. never B. seldom C. sometimes D. often 12. A. noisy B. quiet C. clean D. active 13. A. wisdom B. friendship C. politeness D. happiness 14. A. actions B. ideas C. plans D. dreams 15. A. lose B. learn C. miss D. change 六、从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余。（文化意识 跨文化交流） Cultural dining manners might surprise you with some of these important rules. 1. ______. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world. Chopsticks Rules The way you hold chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 2. ______. Hands or Utensils (餐具) In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 3. ______, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. Making Requests 4. ______. In Portugal, this would be serious mistake, because it shows the chefs that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. Some of these cultural dining manners may seem accidental and strange, but they are important in different countries. 5. ______, the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. A.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal. B.The more time you spend in any given country C.Mexicans consider it improper to eat with utensils D.Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together G.This was so that people could keep their home warm for the winter 七、首字母填空 [2025 江苏连云港期末] There is going to be a talk on visiting manners. The purpose of the talk is to teach students 1. r______ for visiting. Good visiting manners make our experiences 2. h______. Whether (无论) visiting museums, places of interest, or friends’ homes, it’s important to 3. f______ proper rules. When visiting museums, remember three rules. First, many places have 4. p______ signs saying “No touching” or “No photos” — follow these instructions. Second, keep your 5. v______ down. Just enjoy art and history quietly. Third, never run or shout as it troubles others. When visiting a friend’s home, bring a small 6. g______ like flowers or chocolates. You are 7. e______ to take off shoes in some families. Never 8. t______ private (私人的) things if the host doesn’t agree. For group visits like school trips, stay with your group and listen 9. c______ to guides. Put up your hand for questions 10. i______ of shouting out. As the saying goes, “Good manners will open doors that the best education cannot.” Let’s all be polite visitors. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $