Unit 1-Unit 3（易错题专项练习·语法提升）英语鲁科版五四制五年级下册

Unit 1—Unit 3英语鲁科版五四制五年级下册 专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练 语法、句型 语法提升 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 一般过去时的核心用法（教材P3—P4） 高频易错点01 · 教材例句 ① She went to Beijing last winter. (Unit1 P3) 她去年冬天去了北京。 ② They were in the park just now. (Unit1 P4) 他们刚才在公园里。 · 核心精讲 1.定义：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作、存在的状态，或过去习惯性、经常性的动作与行为。 2.时间标志（核心判断依据） • yesterday系列：yesterday（昨天）、yesterday afternoon（昨天下午） • last + 时间：last month（上个月）、last year（去年）、last winter holiday（上个寒假） • 时间 + ago：three days ago（三天前）、one week ago（一周前） • 其他：just now（刚才）、in the past（在过去）、during the winter holiday（在寒假期间） 3.核心句型结构 ① 肯定句： ￮主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他（实义动词） ￮主语 + was/were + 其他（be动词） ② 否定句： ￮主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他（实义动词） ￮主语 + wasn't/weren't + 其他（be动词） ③ 一般疑问句： ￮Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？（实义动词） ￮Was/Were + 主语 + 其他？（be动词） ④ 特殊疑问句： ￮特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？（实义动词） ￮特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 其他？（be动词） 易错点提示 1.混淆be动词过去式与主语的搭配：单数主语（I/he/she/it/单数名词）用was，复数主语（we/you/they/复数名词）用were，杜绝I were、they was这类错误。 2.否定句和疑问句中，实义动词忘记还原，误写为过去式，如didn't went、Did you saw均为错误表达。 3.忽略时间标志词，混淆一般现在时与一般过去时，看到yesterday/last系列仍用动词原形。小练笔 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. My family ______ to the Great Wall last winter holiday. A. go B. goes C. went ( ) 2. She ______ excited about the trip yesterday. A. is B. was C. were ( ) 3. ______ you ______ your grandparents last weekend? A. Do; visit B. Did; visit C. Did; visited ( ) 4. They ______ at home just now. A. are B. was C. were ( ) 5. Where ______ you ______ during your winter holiday? A. did; go B. does; go C. did; went 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 6.He ______ (visit) the West Lake last Sunday. 7.We ______ (not go) to the zoo yesterday. 8.My mum ______ (cook) nice food for me last night. 9.The children ______ (play) in the snow an hour ago. 10.______ (be) your brother at home yesterday evening? 三、英汉互译 11.去年冬天我去了哈尔滨。____________________ 12.他们刚才在教室里。____________________ 13.I didn't finish my homework yesterday. ____________________ 14.How was your winter holiday? ____________________ 四、改错（写出正确句子） 15.I go to Sanya last month. ____________________ 16.They was happy during the holiday. ____________________ 17.Did you ate dinner just now? ____________________ 1.答案：C。根据时间标志“last winter holiday”（上个寒假），句子为一般过去时，go的过去式是不规则变化went，故选C。 2.答案：B。“yesterday”表明是过去时，主语She是单数，be动词用was，故选B。 3.答案：B。“last weekend”是过去时间，一般疑问句用助动词Did，Did后必须接动词原形visit，故选B。 4.答案：C。“just now”是过去时标志，主语They是复数，be动词用were，故选C。 5.答案：A。询问过去的动作，用助动词did，后面接动词原形go，故选A。 6.答案：visited。“last Sunday”是过去时间标志，visit的过去式直接加ed，即visited。 7.答案：didn't go。“yesterday”表明是过去时，实义动词的否定句用“didn't + 动词原形”，故填didn't go。 8.答案：cooked。“last night”是过去时间，cook的过去式直接加ed，即cooked。 9.答案：played。“an hour ago”是过去时标志，play的过去式加ed，即played。 10.答案：Was。“yesterday evening”是过去时，主语your brother是单数，be动词用was，句首首字母大写。 11. I went to Harbin last winter. 12. They were in the classroom just now. 13. 我昨天没有完成我的家庭作业。 点 拨 14. 你的寒假过得怎么样？ 15. I went to Sanya last month. 解析：时间标志last month表明是一般过去时，动词go要改为过去式went。 16. They were happy during the holiday. 解析：主语They是复数，be动词过去式要用were，不能用was。 17. Did you eat dinner just now? 解析：助动词Did后必须接动词原形，ate要改为原形eat。 点 拨 一般过去时规则与不规则动词变化（教材P3—P6）高频易错点02 · 教材例句 ① I visited my grandparents during the winter holiday. (Unit1 P3) 寒假期间我看望了我的祖父母。 ② He went to Harbin to see the ice lanterns last month. (Unit1 P6) 他上个月去哈尔滨看冰灯了。 · 核心精讲 1.定义：一般过去时中，谓语动词必须使用过去式，分为规则变化和不规则变化两类。 2.规则动词过去式变化（四大规则） • 直接加 ed：play → played、watch → watched、visit → visited • 以不发音的 e 结尾加 d：live → lived、love → loved、dance → danced • 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾，变 y 为 i 加 ed：study → studied、carry → carried、try → tried • 重读闭音节结尾，双写末尾辅音字母加 ed：stop → stopped、shop → shopped、plan → planned 3.高频不规则动词变化（期中必考） am/is → was、are → were、do → did、go → went、have → had、eat → ate see → saw、take → took、buy → bought、say → said、write → wrote 易错点提示 1.规则变化拼写错误：重读闭音节忘记双写尾字母，如stoped（正确stopped）；辅音+y结尾不变y为i，如studied写成studyed。 2.不规则动词记忆混淆，高频易错词go-went、buy-bought、see-saw、eat-ate容易写错。 3.混淆动词原形与过去式，在肯定句中该用过去式时用了原形。 小练笔 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. We ______ a trip to Beijing last winter. A. take B. takes C. took ( ) 2. She ______ many beautiful photos in the Summer Palace. A. take B. took C. takes ( ) 3. My mum ______ a new dress for me yesterday. A. buy B. buys C. bought 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 4.They ______ (visit) the museum and ______ (eat) delicious food yesterday. 5.He ______ (go) skiing last Sunday and he ______ (have) a good time. 6.I ______ (see) many lovely animals in the zoo last week. 7.We ______ (play) basketball with our friends an hour ago. 8.She ______ (study) English hard last term. 三、英汉互译 9.我们昨天拍了很多照片。____________________ 10.他去年买了一辆新自行车。____________________ 11.I saw a wonderful film last night. ____________________ 12.He stopped and waited for the bus just now. ____________________ 四、改错（写出正确句子） 13.He buy a new book yesterday. ____________________ 14.We go to the park last weekend. ____________________ 15.She stoped the car at the gate. ____________________ 1.答案：C。last winter是过去时间标志，take的过去式是不规则变化took，故选C。 2.答案：B。句子描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，take的过去式是took，故选B。 3.答案：C。yesterday是过去时间标志，buy的过去式是不规则变化bought，故选C。 4.答案：visited；ate。yesterday是过去时间，visit的过去式直接加ed，eat的过去式是不规则变化ate。 5.答案：went；had。last Sunday是过去时间，go的过去式是went，have的过去式是had。 6.答案：saw。last week是过去时间标志，see的过去式是不规则变化saw。 7.答案：played。an hour ago是过去时间，play的过去式直接加ed。 8.答案：studied。以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i加ed，study的过去式是studied。 9. We took many photos yesterday. 10. He bought a new bike last year. 11. 我昨晚看了一场精彩的电影。 12. 他刚才把车停在了门口。 13. He bought a new book yesterday. 解析：yesterday是过去时间，buy要改为过去式bought。14. We went to the park last weekend. 解析：last weekend是过去时间，go要改为过去式went。 15. She stopped the car at the gate. 解析：stop是重读闭音节结尾，过去式要双写尾字母p加ed，改为stopped。 点 拨 助动词do的过去式did的核心用法（教材P3—P6）高频易错点03 · 教材例句 ① Did you swim in the sea? (Unit1 P3) 你在海里游泳了吗？ ② I didn't ski during the holiday. (Unit1 P6) 我假期里没有滑雪。 ③ What did you do during your winter holiday? (Unit1 P2) 你寒假里做了什么？ · 核心精讲 1.定义：did是助动词do/does的过去式，用于一般过去时的否定句、疑问句中，无实际词义，辅助构成句式。 2.核心句型结构 ① 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn't. ② 否定句：主语 + didn't（did not 的缩写） + 动词原形 + 其他 ③ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词（What/Where/When/How等） + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 易错点提示 1.句式核心错误：did/didn't 后必须接动词原形，不能接过去式，如“Did you went?”“I didn't played.”均为错误表达。 2.回答格式错误：以Did开头的一般疑问句，回答只能用did/didn't，不能用do/does，混淆一般现在时与一般过去时。 3.否定句结构错误：描述过去的否定动作，不能直接在动词过去式后加not，如“I not went.”是错误的，必须用didn't + 动词原形。 小练笔 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. ______ you ______ a picnic with your family last Saturday? A. Do; have B. Did; have C. Did; had ( ) 2. He ______ finish his homework yesterday because he was ill. A. didn't B. don't C. wasn't ( ) 3. —Did Lily visit the Great Wall last Sunday? —______. She went to the Forbidden City instead. A. Yes, she did B. No, she didn't C. No, she doesn't ( ) 4. ______ did they go last winter holiday? A. When B. What C. Where ( ) 5. My brother ______ play football yesterday afternoon. He read a book at home. A. didn't B. doesn't C. wasn't 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 6.______ (do) your sister ______ (go) shopping with you yesterday? 7.We ______ (not eat) fish for dinner last night. We had chicken. 8.—What ______ (do) Tom ______ (buy) for his mother? —He bought a nice scarf. 9.They ______ (not visit) the West Lake last month. 10.______ (do) you ______ (see) any tigers in the zoo three days ago? 三、英汉互译 11.你昨晚看电影了吗？____________________ 12.我上周没有去滑冰。____________________ 13.Where did you go last summer holiday? ____________________ 14.They didn't take photos in the park. ____________________ 四、改错（写出正确句子） 15.Did you saw the ice lanterns? ____________________ 16.He didn't went to school yesterday. ____________________ 17.I not played computer games last night. ____________________ 1.答案：B。根据时间标志“last Saturday”，句子为一般过去时，一般疑问句用助动词Did，后面必须接动词原形have，故选B。 2.答案：A。“yesterday”表明是过去时，否定实义动词finish需用didn't，wasn't后不能接动词原形，故选A。 3.答案：B。由答句“她反而去了故宫”可知是否定回答，一般过去时的否定回答用“No, 主语 + didn't.”，故选B。 4.答案：C。结合句意，此处是对过去动作的地点提问，用特殊疑问词Where，故选C。 5.答案：A。“yesterday afternoon”是过去时，否定实义动词play需用didn't，故选A。 6.答案：Did；go。“yesterday”是过去时，一般疑问句用助动词Did，句首首字母大写，后面接动词原形go。 7.答案：didn't eat。“last night”是过去时，否定实义动词eat需用didn't + 动词原形eat。 8.答案：did；buy。询问过去的动作，用特殊疑问词What + did + 主语 + 动词原形buy。 9.答案：didn't visit。“last month”是过去时，否定实义动词visit需用didn't + 动词原形visit。 10.答案：Did；see。“three days ago”是过去时，一般疑问句用助动词Did，后面接动词原形see。 11. Did you see a film last night? 12. I didn't go skating last week. 13. 你去年暑假去了哪里？ 14. 他们没有在公园里拍照。 15. Did you see the ice lanterns? 解析：助动词Did后必须接动词原形，saw要改为原形see。 16. He didn't go to school yesterday. 解析：didn't后必须接动词原形，went要改为原形go。 17. I didn't play computer games last night. 解析：一般过去时的否定句，必须借助didn't + 动词原形，不能直接在动词后加not。 点 拨 “情态动词+动词原形”核心结构（教材P17、P32）高频易错点04 · 教材例句 ① You must wait in line. (Unit2 P17) 你必须排队。 ② We should do sports every day. (Unit3 P32) 我们应该每天做运动。 ③ We shouldn't eat too much junk food. (Unit3 P22) 我们不应该吃太多垃圾食品。 · 核心精讲 1.定义：情态动词（must/should/can/mustn't/shouldn't/can't）本身有一定词义，用来表达建议、义务、能力、禁止等语气，后面必须接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。 2.核心用法 ① 肯定形式：主语 + 情态动词 + 动词原形 + 其他 ￮must（必须）：表义务、命令，语气强硬 ￮should（应该）：表建议、劝告，语气委婉 ￮can（能、可以）：表能力、许可 ② 否定形式：主语 + 情态动词否定式 + 动词原形 + 其他 ￮mustn't（禁止、不准）：表强烈禁止 ￮shouldn't（不应该）：表不建议、劝阻 ￮can't（不能、不可以）：表没能力、不许可 ③ 一般疑问句：情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 易错点提示 1.情态动词后只能接动词原形，不能接to do/doing/动词第三人称单数形式，如❌ We should to sleep early. ❌ He shouldn't plays games. 均为错误。 2.第三人称单数主语后，情态动词形式不变，不能加s，如❌ He shoulds go. 是错误的。 3.混淆情态动词词义，mustn't表“禁止”，不是“不必”；shouldn't表“不应该”，不是“不能”。 小练笔 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. We ______ eat fruit and vegetables every day to keep healthy. A. should B. should to C. shouldn't ( ) 2. You ______ run on the bus. It's very dangerous. A. must B. mustn't C. can ( ) 3. We ______ cross the street when the light is red. A. can B. can't C. should ( ) 4. You ______ wait for the green light before you cross the street. A. must B. musts C. must to ( ) 5. ______ we do sports every day? A. Should B. Do C. Are 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 6.We should ______ (do) morning exercises every day. 7.You shouldn't ______ (shout) in the library. 8.You must ______ (wait) in line at the bus stop. 9.We mustn't ______ (feed) the animals in the zoo. 10.They should ______ (drink) more water when they have a cold. 三、英汉互译 11.你应该早点上床睡觉。____________________ 12.我们禁止在马路上玩耍。____________________ 13.You shouldn't eat too much sweet food. ____________________ 14.We must look before we cross the street. ____________________ 四、改错（写出正确句子） 15.You should to go to see a doctor. ____________________ 16.He mustn't plays in the street. ____________________ 17.We should went to bed early. ____________________ 1.答案：A。根据健康常识，我们“应该”每天吃水果蔬菜保持健康，should后接动词原形，故选A。 2.答案：B。在公交车上跑很危险，所以“禁止”这么做，mustn't表禁止，故选B。 3.答案：B。红灯时“不能”过马路，can't表不能、不许可，故选B。 4.答案：A。情态动词must后直接接动词原形，不能加to，也没有musts这种形式，故选A。 5.答案：A。“我们应该每天做运动吗？”用should引导疑问句，表建议，故选A。 6.答案：do。should是情态动词，后接动词原形，故填do。 7.答案：shout。shouldn't是情态动词否定式，后接动词原形，故填shout。 点 拨 祈使句的定义及用法（教材P16、P28）7.答案：shout。shouldn't是情态动词否定式，后接动词原形，故填shout。 8.答案：wait。must是情态动词，后接动词原形，故填wait。 9.答案：feed。mustn't是情态动词否定式，后接动词原形，故填feed。 10.答案：drink。should是情态动词，后接动词原形，故填drink。 11. You should go to bed early. 12. We mustn't play on the street. 13. 你不应该吃太多甜食。 14. 我们过马路前必须看一看。 15. You should go to see a doctor. 解析：情态动词should后直接接动词原形，不能加to。 16. He mustn't play in the street. 解析：情态动词mustn't后必须接动词原形，plays要改为原形play。 17. We should go to bed early. 解析：情态动词should后必须接动词原形，went要改为原形go。 点 拨 高频易错点05 · 教材例句 ① Take some medicine. (Unit3 P28) 吃点药。 ② Don't push. (Unit2 P16) 不要挤。 ③ Let's stop and wait. (Unit2 P16) 让我们停下来等一等。 · 核心精讲 1.定义：祈使句用来表达命令、请求、劝告、警告或禁止，主语（you）通常省略，句末用感叹号或句号。 2.核心句型结构 ① 肯定祈使句：动词原形 + 其他（句首可加please表礼貌） 例：Drink some water.（喝点水）/ Please sit down.（请坐） ② 否定祈使句：Don't + 动词原形 + 其他 例：Don't worry.（别担心）/ Don't run on the street.（不要在马路上跑） ③ 建议祈使句：Let's + 动词原形 + 其他（表“让我们做某事”） 例：Let's wait in line.（我们排队吧） 易错点提示 1.肯定祈使句开头必须用动词原形，不能加to/动词ing/第三人称单数形式，如❌ To take some medicine. ❌ Takes some medicine. 均为错误。 2.否定祈使句中don't后必须接动词原形，不能加to，如❌ Don't to run. 是错误的。 3.Let's后必须接动词原形，不能加to，如❌ Let's to cross the street. 是错误的。 4.不可数名词medicine不能用a修饰，常用some，如❌ Take a medicine. 正确为Take some medicine. 小练笔 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. ______ in line, please. A. Wait B. Waits C. To wait ( ) 2. ______ worry about your lessons. We'll help you. A. Not B. Don't C. Doesn't ( ) 3. Let's ______ the street when the light is green. A. cross B. to cross C. crossing ( ) 4. ______ some medicine and have a good rest. A. Take B. Takes C. To take ( ) 5. ______ feed the animals too much in the zoo. A. Not B. Don't C. Doesn't 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 6.______ (drink) more water, please. 7.Don't ______ (run) on the bus. 8.Let's ______ (wait) for the bus at the stop. 9.______ (be) quiet in the reading room. 10.Don't ______ (put) your bag on the seat. 三、英汉互译 11.请坐下。____________________ 12.不要在图书馆里大喊。____________________ 13.Let's go to see the doctor. ____________________ 14.Don't go to bed late. ____________________ 四、改错（写出正确句子） 15.To drink some water. ____________________ 16.Don't to play in the rain. ____________________ 17.Let's to go to the park. ____________________ 1.答案：A。肯定祈使句以动词原形开头，Wait为动词原形，故选A。 2.答案：B。否定祈使句用Don't + 动词原形结构，故选B。 3.答案：A。Let's后必须接动词原形，cross为动词原形，故选A。 4.答案：A。肯定祈使句以动词原形开头，Take为动词原形，故选A。 5.答案：B。否定祈使句用Don't + 动词原形，表示“不要喂动物太多”，故选B。 6.答案：Drink。肯定祈使句以动词原形开头，句首首字母大写，故填Drink。 7.答案：run。助动词don't后接动词原形，故填run。 8.答案：wait。Let's后接动词原形，故填wait。 9.答案：Be。肯定祈使句以动词原形开头，be quiet是固定搭配“保持安静”，句首首字母大写，故填Be。 10.答案：put。助动词don't后接动词原形，故填put。 11. Please sit down. / Sit down, please. 12. Don't shout in the library. 13. 让我们去看医生吧。 14. 不要晚睡。 15. Drink some water. 解析：肯定祈使句必须以动词原形开头，去掉To。 16. Don't play in the rain. 解析：否定祈使句don't后直接接动词原形，去掉to。 17. Let's go to the park. 解析：Let's后直接接动词原形，去掉to。 点 拨 询问身体状况的核心句型（教材P28、P30）高频易错点06 · 教材例句 ① What's wrong with you? (Unit3 P28) 你怎么了？ ② How are you feeling today? (Unit3 P30) 你今天感觉怎么样？ ③ Do you have a fever? (Unit3 P28) 你发烧了吗？ · 核心精讲 1.定义：这类句型用于关心、询问他人的身体状态，是日常交际和就医场景的高频表达，期中口语和笔试均为必考内容。 2.核心句型与答语 ① 核心句型1：What's wrong with you?（你怎么了？） 答语：I have a cold/fever/headache. / I cough and feel cold. ② 核心句型2：How are you feeling today?（你今天感觉怎么样？） 答语：Much better. / I don't feel well. / I feel terrible. ③ 核心句型3：Do you have a fever/headache/cold?（你发烧/头痛/感冒了吗？） 答语：Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 易错点提示 1.What's wrong with you? 是固定搭配，wrong后必须接介词with，不能用to/for，如❌ What's wrong to you? 是错误的。 2.How are you feeling today? 中feeling是现在分词，与are构成现在进行时表当前状态，不能用动词原形feel，如❌ How are you feel today? 是错误的。 3.介词with后必须接人称代词宾格，不能用主格，如❌ What's wrong with he? 正确为What's wrong with him? 4.一般疑问句用do/does提问，回答必须对应do/does，不能用am/is/are。 小练笔 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. —______ wrong with you? —I have a headache. A. What B. What's C. How ( ) 2. —How are you feeling today? —______. A. I have a cold B. Much better C. I'm ten ( ) 3. —Do you have a cold? —______. A. Yes, I am B. No, I don't C. Yes, I have ( ) 4. —______ are you feeling now? —I feel cold. A. What B. How C. Where ( ) 5. —What's wrong with ______? —She has a bad fever. A. she B. her C. he 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 6.—What's wrong with ______ (you)? —I ______ (have) a fever. 7.—How ______ (be) you feeling today? —I ______ (feel) much better. 8.—______ (do) you have a headache? —Yes, I ______ (do). 9.—What's wrong with ______ (he)? —He ______ (cough) badly. 10.—How are you feeling now? —I ______ (not feel) well. 三、英汉互译 11.你怎么了？____________________ 12.你今天感觉怎么样？____________________ 13.Do you have a headache? ____________________ 14.I'm feeling much better now. ____________________ 四、改错（写出正确句子） 15.What's wrong to you? ____________________ 16.How are you feel today? ____________________ 17.What's wrong with she? ____________________ 1.答案：B。固定句型What's wrong with you?，用于询问对方身体状况，故选B。 2.答案：B。询问“今天感觉怎么样”，回答“好多了”符合语境，故选B。 3.答案：B。一般疑问句用do提问，回答也用do，故选B。 4.答案：B。询问“现在感觉如何”用特殊疑问词How，故选B。 5.答案：B。with是介词，后接人称代词宾格her，故选B。 点 拨 there be句型的时态与主谓一致（教材P4、P28）6.答案：you; have。with后接宾格you；主语I后用动词原形have。 7.答案：are; feel。主语you对应的be动词是are；I后接动词原形feel。 8.答案：Do; do。一般疑问句用Do开头，句首首字母大写；肯定回答用do。 9.答案：him; coughs。with后接宾格him；主语he是第三人称单数，动词用coughs。 10.答案：don't feel。一般现在时的否定句，主语I后用don't + 动词原形feel。 11. What's wrong with you? 12. How are you feeling today? 13. 你头痛吗？ 14. 我现在感觉好多了。 15. What's wrong with you? 解析：固定句型中介词必须用with，不能用to。 16. How are you feeling today? 解析：be动词are后接现在分词feeling，构成现在进行时表状态。 17. What's wrong with her? 解析：介词with后必须接人称代词宾格，she的宾格是her。 点 拨 高频易错点07 · 教材例句 ① There was a big snow in our city three days ago. (Unit1P4) 三天前我们城市下了一场大雪。 ② There were some people in the park yesterday. (Unit1P4) 昨天公园里有一些人。 ③ There is a doctor in the room. (Unit3P28) 房间里有一名医生。 · 核心精讲 1.定义：there be句型表示“某地有某物/某人”，核心遵循“就近原则”，即be动词的单复数由离它最近的名词决定。 2.时态变化（期中核心考点） ① 一般现在时：There is + 单数名词/不可数名词；There are + 复数名词 ② 一般过去时：There was + 单数名词/不可数名词；There were + 复数名词 3.句式变化 ① 否定句：be动词后加not，some变any ② 一般疑问句：be动词提前到句首，some变any 易错点提示 1.违背就近原则，be动词单复数用错，如❌ There are a book and two pens. 正确为There is a book and two pens. 2.时态混淆，看到yesterday/just now/ago等过去时间标志，仍用is/are，忘记用was/were。 3.否定句和疑问句中，some不变any，如❌ There weren't some people. 正确为There weren't any people. 混淆there be（某地有）与have/has（某人有），不能混用。 小练笔 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. There ______ some milk and bread on the table this morning. A. is B. was C. were ( ) 2. There ______ any people in the park at midnight yesterday. A. isn't B. weren't C. wasn't ( ) 3. There ______ a doctor and two nurses in the room just now. A. is B. was C. were ( ) 4. There ______ many beautiful ice lanterns in Harbin last winter. A. are B. was C. were ( ) 5. There ______ some books about health on the desk now. A. is B. are C. were 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 6.There ______ (be) a big tree in the park three years ago. 7.There ______ (be) many students in the library yesterday. 8.There ______ (be) some water in the bottle now. 9.There ______ (be not) any cars on the road last night. 10.______ (be) there a hospital near your school last year? 三、英汉互译 11.昨天我们城市有一场大雨。____________________ 12.现在桌子上有一些水果。____________________ 13.There were many people in the zoo last weekend. ____________________ 14.There wasn't any milk in the glass just now. ____________________ 四、改错（写出正确句子） 15.There are a pen and three books on the desk. ____________________ 16.There was some students in the classroom yesterday. ____________________ 17.There weren't some apples in the basket. ____________________ 1.答案：B。“this morning”是过去时间，there be句型遵循就近原则，离be动词最近的milk是不可数名词，be动词用was，故选B。 2.答案：B。“at midnight yesterday”是过去，people是复数，be动词用were，否定为weren't。 3.答案：B。“just now”是过去时间，就近原则，a doctor是单数，be动词用was，故选B。 4.答案：C。“last winter”是过去时间，ice lanterns是复数，be动词用were，故选C。 5.答案：B。“now”是一般现在时，books是复数，be动词用are，故选B。 6.答案：was。“three years ago”是过去时间，a big tree是单数，be动词用was。 7.答案：were。“yesterday”是过去时间，many students是复数，be动词用were。 8.答案：is。“now”是一般现在时，water是不可数名词，be动词用is。 9.答案：weren't。“last night”是过去时间，cars是复数，否定式为weren't。 10.答案：Was。“last year”是过去，a hospital单数，一般疑问句was提前，句首首字母大写。 11. There was a heavy rain in our city yesterday. 12. There are some fruits on the table now. 13. 上周末动物园里有很多人。 14. 刚才杯子里没有牛奶了。 15. There is a pen and three books on the desk. 解析：there be句型遵循就近原则，离be动词最近的a pen是单数，be动词用is。 16. There were some students in the classroom yesterday. 解析：students是复数，过去时be动词用were，不能用was。 17. There weren't any apples in the basket. 解析：否定句中some要改为any。 点 拨 感叹句的核心用法（教材P8、P32）高频易错点08 · 教材例句 ① What a wonderful trip it was! (Unit1P8) 多么棒的一次旅行啊！ ② How interesting the health class is! (Unit3P32) 健康课多么有趣啊！ · 核心精讲 1.定义：感叹句用来表达强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等情绪，期中常考句型转换，分为What引导和How引导两类。 2.核心句型结构 ① What引导的感叹句（修饰名词） ￮What a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语！ 例：What a nice girl she is! ￮What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数/不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！ 例：What beautiful flowers they are! ② How引导的感叹句（修饰形容词/副词） ￮How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语！ 例：How fast he runs! / How happy we are! 易错点提示 1.混淆What和How的用法，修饰名词用What，修饰形容词/副词用How，如❌ How beautiful flowers they are! 正确为What beautiful flowers they are! 2.What a/an的误用：元音音素开头的单词前用an，辅音音素开头用a，如❌ What a interesting book! 正确为What an interesting book! 3.可数名词单数前忘记加a/an，如❌ What nice day it is! 正确为What a nice day it is! 小练笔 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. ______ wonderful trip it was! We enjoyed ourselves a lot. A. What B. What a C. How ( ) 2. ______ interesting the winter holiday was! A. What B. How C. What an ( ) 3. ______ good behaviour it is to wait in line! A. What B. What a C. How ( ) 4. ______ careful we should be when crossing the road! A. What B. How C. What an ( ) 5. ______ beautiful ice lanterns they are! A. What B. What a C. How 二、句型转换（改为感叹句） 6.The winter holiday was great. ______ ______ the winter holiday was! 7.The health advice is very useful. ______ ______ the health advice is! 8.It is a beautiful park. ______ ______ beautiful park it is! 9.They are lovely pandas. ______ ______ lovely pandas they are! 10.The food is delicious. ______ ______ the food is! 三、英汉互译 11.多么有趣的一节课啊！____________________ 12.我们玩得多么开心啊！____________________ 13.What a good boy he is! ____________________ 14.How fast he runs! ____________________ 四、改错（写出正确句子） 15.How beautiful the flowers! ____________________ 16.What a interesting story it is! ____________________ 17.How nice day it is! ____________________ 1.答案：B。中心词是可数名词单数trip，用What a引导，故选B。 2.答案：B。中心词是形容词interesting，用How引导，故选B。 3.答案：A。中心词是不可数名词behaviour，用What引导，不加a/an，故选A。 4.答案：B。中心词是形容词careful，用How引导，故选B。 5.答案：A。中心词是可数名词复数ice lanterns，用What引导，故选A。 6.答案：How great。中心词是形容词great，用How引导。 7.答案：How useful。中心词是形容词useful，用How引导。 8.答案：What a。中心词是可数名词单数park，用What a引导。 9.答案：What。中心词是可数名词复数pandas，用What引导。 10.答案：How delicious。中心词是形容词delicious，用How引导。 11. What an interesting class it is! / How interesting the class is! 12. How happy we are! / What a good time we have! 13. 他是一个多么好的男孩啊！ 14. 他跑得多么快啊！ 15. How beautiful the flowers are! 解析：原句缺少are。 16. What an interesting story it is! 解析：interesting以元音音素开头，前面用an，不用a。 17. What a nice day it is! / How nice the day is! 解析：修饰可数名词单数day，用What a引导；若用How，需改为How nice the day is! 点 拨 综合训练 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. We ______ eat more vegetables. They are good for our health. A. should B. shouldn't C. can't ( ) 2. My family ______ to Shanghai three days ago. A. go B. goes C. went ( ) 3. — How are you feeling today? — ______. I can go to school now. A. Much better B. I have a headache C. I'm sad ( ) 4. ______ some medicine and have a good rest. A. Takes B. Take C. To take ( ) 5. — Did you ______ any photos during your winter holiday? — Yes, I did. A. take B. takes C. took ( ) 6. You ______ play football in the rain. You may get sick. A. should B. can C. shouldn't ( ) 7. There ______ a doctor and two nurses in the room just now. A. is B. was C. were ( ) 8. ______ wonderful the trip was! A. What B. How C. What a ( ) 9. He ______ a cold last week. He ______ stay at home and have a rest. A. has; should B. had; should C. had; should to ( ) 10. — ______ wrong with you? — I have a headache. A. What B. What's C. How ( ) 11. You ______ wait for the green light before you cross the street. A. must to B. must C. musts ( ) 12. ______ you ______ a film last night? A. Do; see B. Did; see C. Did; saw ( ) 13. Look ______ the traffic lights carefully. A. in B. at C. on ( ) 14. The light is red. Let's ______. A. stop and wait B. cross the street C. run quickly ( ) 15. — What's wrong with ______? — She has a bad fever. A. she B. her C. hers ( ) 16. ______ are my storybooks. A. This B. That C. These ( ) 17. Those ______ traffic rules. A. is B. are C. am ( ) 18. We ______ cross the street when the light is red. A. can B. can't C. should ( ) 19. He ______ in Beijing last winter. He ______ many famous places there. A. is; visits B. was; visited C. was; visit ( ) 20. ______ beautiful ice lanterns they are! A. What B. What a C. How ( ) 21. These are ______ . A. tiger B. tigers C. tigeres ( ) 22. I like ______ . It's good for our body. A. fish B. fishes C. fishs ( ) 23. You ______ a nice trip last winter. A. have B. has C. had ( ) 24. What's ______ dinner? A. to B. for C. at ( ) 25. The children ______ a snowman in the schoolyard just now. A. make B. are making C. made 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.We ______ (go) to Harbin for winter holiday last year. 2.We should ______ (do) sports every day to keep healthy. 3.She ______ (have) a cold yesterday, so she stayed at home. 4.______ (drink) more water when you have a fever. 5.They ______ (play) snowball fights happily in the park yesterday afternoon. 6.You shouldn't ______ (eat) too much junk food. It's bad for your health. 7.My mother ______ (buy) me a pair of ice skates just now. 8.Don't ______ (worry) about your lessons. We'll help you. 9.There ______ (be) a lot of people in the hospital yesterday. 10.He ______ (visit) the Great Wall with his parents one week ago. 11.We must ______ (wait) in line at the bus stop. 12.— How ______ (be) you feeling today? — I ______ (feel) much better. 13.They ______ (not go) swimming last weekend because the water was too cold. 14.Let's ______ (cross) the street at the zebra crossing. 15.The light is red. We must ______ (stop) and wait. 三、按要求完成句子。 1.We should eat more fruit.（改为否定句） We ______ ______ more fruit. 2.She went to Sanya for winter holiday.（改为否定句） She ______ ______ to Sanya for winter holiday. 3.We had a good time in the snow.（改为一般疑问句） ______ you ______ a good time in the snow? 4.Do you have a fever?（作肯定回答） ______, ______ ______. 5.The winter holiday was great.（改为感叹句） ______ ______ the winter holiday was! 6.There were some interesting books on the desk.（改为否定句） There ______ ______ interesting books on the desk. 7.They bought some special gifts in Xi'an last week.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ they ______ in Xi'an last week? 8.The health advice is very useful.（改为感叹句） ______ ______ the health advice is! 9.They are waiting for the green light now.（用last winter改写） They ______ ______ the green light last winter. 10.You should go to see a doctor.（改为祈使句） ______ ______ see a doctor. 11.Take some medicine.（改为否定句） ______ ______ any medicine. 12.He had a fever yesterday.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ ______ with him yesterday? 四、补全对话。 A. How was the weather there? B. How was your winter holiday? C. What's wrong with you? D. Did you see a doctor? E. Who did you go with? F. Yes, of course. G. You should take some medicine and have a good rest. A: Hi, Lucy! Long time no see. 1. ______ B: It was amazing! I had a great time in Harbin. A: 2. ______ B: I went there with my family. We visited the ice and snow world. A: 3. ______ B: It was very cold, but I was very excited. A: Did you have a good time there? B: 4. ______ We took many photos and made a snowman. A: Oh, that sounds great! But you look a little tired. 5. ______ B: I have a cold. I feel a little terrible. A: I'm sorry to hear that. 6. ______ B: Yes, I did. The doctor gave me some medicine. A: 7. ______ And drink more water. B: I will. Thank you. 五、语篇填空。 was, should, went, had, visited, were, said, mustn't, drank, took Last winter holiday, my family and I ______ a trip to Yunnan. The weather there ______ warm and sunny. We ______ my uncle who lives in Kunming. He ______ us to visit many beautiful places. On the first day, we ______ to the Stone Forest. The stones ______ very strange and wonderful. My mother ______ that the food there was delicious. We ______ different kinds of local snacks. We ______ play in the river alone, because it's dangerous. We ______ follow the traffic rules when we go out. We had a wonderful time there. 参考答案 一、单项选择题 1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.B 11.B 12.B 13.B 14.A 15.B 16.C 17.B 18.B 19.B 20.A 21.B 22.A 23.C 24.B 25.C 【解析】 1.A：根据句意“我们应该多吃蔬菜，它们对健康有益”，should表示“应该”，符合语境。 2.C：“three days ago”是过去时间标志，句子用一般过去时，go的过去式是went。 3.A：问句询问“今天感觉怎么样”，答句“好多了”符合语境，且对应后句“我现在能去上学了”。 4.B：本句是祈使句，以动词原形开头，故选Take。 5.A：助动词Did后必须接动词原形，故选take。 6.C：根据后句“你可能会生病”，可知此处表示“你不应该在雨中踢足球”，shouldn't表示“不应该”。 7.B：“just now”是过去时间，there be句型遵循就近原则，a doctor是单数，be动词用was。 8.B：中心词是形容词wonderful，用How引导感叹句。 9.B：“last week”是过去时间，第一空用have的过去式had；should是情态动词，后接动词原形，无should to的用法。 10.B：固定句型What's wrong with you?，用于询问身体状况。 11.B：情态动词must后直接接动词原形，不能加to，也没有musts的形式。 12.B：“last night”是过去时间，一般疑问句用助动词Did，后接动词原形see。 13.B：固定搭配look at，表示“看……”，at不可省略。 14.A：红灯时必须停下来等一等，stop and wait符合交通规则。 15.B：with是介词，后接人称代词宾格her。 16.C：are对应复数指示代词These（这些）。 17.B：those是复数，be动词用are。 18.B：红灯时不能过马路，can't表示“不能、不许可”。 19.B：“last winter”是过去时间，第一空be动词用was；第二空用visit的过去式visited。 20.A：中心词是可数名词复数ice lanterns，用What引导感叹句。 21.B：these are后接可数名词复数，tiger的复数是tigers。 22.A：fish表“鱼肉”时是不可数名词，无复数形式。 23.C：“last winter”是过去时间，have的过去式是had。 24.B：固定句型What's for dinner?，询问晚餐吃什么，介词固定用for。 25.C：“just now”是过去时间标志，make的过去式是made。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.went 2. do 3. had 4. Drink 5. played 6.eat 7. bought 8. worry 9. were 10. visited 11.wait 12. are; feel 13. didn't go 14. cross 15. stop 【解析】 1.went：时间标志“last year”表明句子为一般过去时，go的过去式是不规则变化went。 2.do：should是情态动词，后接动词原形。 3.had：“yesterday”是过去时间标志，have的过去式为had。 4.Drink：本句是祈使句，用于给出健康建议，以动词原形开头，句首首字母大写。 5.played：“yesterday afternoon”是过去时间，play的过去式直接加ed。 6.eat：shouldn't是情态动词否定式，后接动词原形。 7.bought：“just now”是过去时间标志，buy的过去式是不规则变化bought。 8.worry：Don't后接动词原形，构成否定祈使句。 9.were：“yesterday”是过去时间，there be句型中a lot of people是复数，be动词的过去式用were。 10.visited：“one week ago”是过去时间，visit的过去式直接加ed。 11.wait：must是情态动词，后接动词原形。 12.are; feel：主语you对应的be动词是are；I后接动词原形feel。 13.didn't go：“last weekend”是过去时间，否定句用“didn't + 动词原形”。 14.cross：Let's后接动词原形，是固定用法。 15.stop：must是情态动词，后接动词原形。 三、按要求完成句子 1.shouldn't eat 2. didn't go 3. Did; have 4. Yes; I do 5.How great 6. weren't any 7. What did; buy 8. How useful 9.waited for 10. Go to 11. Don't take 12. What was wrong 【解析】 1.shouldn't eat：原句是“should+动词原形”的肯定句，改为否定句在should后加not，缩写为shouldn't，后接动词原形eat。 2.didn't go：原句是一般过去时的肯定句，改为否定句加助动词didn't，后接动词原形go。 3.Did; have：原句是一般过去时，改为一般疑问句加助动词Did，后接动词原形have。 4.Yes; I do：以Do you开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答为Yes, I do. 5.How great：中心词是形容词great，用How引导感叹句，结构为How+形容词+主语+谓语! 6.weren't any：原句是there be句型的一般过去时，改为否定句be动词were变weren't，some变any。 7.What did; buy：划线部分是具体物品，用what提问，原句是一般过去时，加助动词did，后接动词原形buy。 8.How useful：中心词是形容词useful，用How引导感叹句。 9.waited for：用last winter改写，句子变为一般过去时，wait的过去式是waited，wait for是固定搭配。 10.Go to：原句是建议句，改为祈使句直接用动词原形开头。 11.Don't take：肯定祈使句改为否定祈使句，在动词原形前加Don't，some变any。 12.What was wrong：划线部分是身体不适的症状，询问过去某人怎么了用固定句型What was wrong with sb.? 四、补全对话 1.B 2. E 3. A 4. F 5. C 6. D 7. G 【解析】 1.B：根据答语“It was amazing! I had a great time in Harbin.”，可知问句询问寒假过得怎么样，选项B符合语境。 2.E：根据答语“I went there with my family.”，可知问句询问和谁一起去的，选项E符合语境。 3.A：根据答语“It was very cold”，可知问句询问天气，选项A符合语境。 4.F：问句是Did引导的一般疑问句，答语用Yes/No回答，选项F符合语境。 5.C：根据答语“I have a cold.”，可知问句询问对方怎么了，选项C符合语境。 6.D：根据答语“Yes, I did. The doctor gave me some medicine.”，可知问句是Did引导的一般疑问句，询问是否看了医生，选项D符合语境。 7.G：根据后句“And drink more water.”，可知此处是给出健康建议，选项G符合语境。 五、语篇填空 1.had 2. was 3. visited 4. took 5. went 6.were 7. said 8. drank 9. mustn't 10. should 【解析】 1.had：“have a trip”是固定搭配，短文描述去年寒假的事情，用一般过去时，have的过去式是had。 2.was：主语the weather是不可数名词，一般过去时中be动词用was。 3.visited：根据句意“我们看望了住在昆明的叔叔”，visit的过去式是visited。 4.took：“take sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，过去式为took。 5.went：“go to + 地点”表示“去某地”，过去式为went。 6.were：主语the stones是复数，一般过去时中be动词用were。 7.said：根据句意“我妈妈说那里的食物很美味”，say的过去式是said。 8.drank：根据句意“我们喝了不同种类的当地小吃”，drink的过去式是drank。 9.mustn't：根据句意“我们禁止独自在河里玩，因为很危险”，mustn't表示“禁止”，符合语境。 10.should：根据句意“我们出门时应该遵守交通规则”，should表示“应该”，符合语境。 第 1 页 共 2 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $